Acronyms

AAT Advanced-Afghan Trade AFET Committee on Foreign Affairs AfT Aid for Trade BAFA Federal Office for Economic Affairs and Export Control (Germany) BoP Balance of Payments CACL Campaign Against Child Labour CBP Customs and Border Protection (U.S.) CETA EU-Canada Free Trade Agreement CFR Federal Acquisition Regulations System (U.S.) CIR Common Implementing Regulation CLMRS Child Labour Monitoring and Remediation System CLMS Child Labour Monitoring System CLP Child Labour Platform (ILO) CO2 Carbon dioxide COVID19 Coronavirus Disease 2019 CRC UN Convention of the Rights of the Child CRS Congressional Research Service CSR Corporate Social Responsibility CTEO Chief Trade Enforcement Officer DAG Domestic Advisory Group DCFTA Comprehensive and Free Trade Areas DCI Development Cooperation Instrument DCLDDA Dutch Child Labour Due Diligence Act DEVE Committee on Development (European Parliament) DHS U.S. Department of Homeland Security DOL U.S. Department of Labor DOS U.S. Department of State DRC Democratic Republic of the Congo EBA Everything But Arms EDF European Development Fund EDH Enterprises pour les Droits de l'Homme EEAS European External Action Service EESC European Economic and Social Committee EFA European Free Alliance EFSD+ European Fund for Sustainable Development Plus EIDHR European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights ELM External Lending Mandate ENI European Neighbourhood Instrument EO Executive Order EPA Economic Partnership Agreement EU European Union EUR Euro

EVFTA European Union–Vietnam Free Trade Agreement FDI Foreign Direct Investment FLEGT Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade FDVL French Duty of Vigilance Law FPF Field Production Facility FTA Free Trade Agreements FY Fiscal Year GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GCLMS Ghana Child Labor Monitoring System GDP Gross Domestic Product GFEA Guarantee Fund for External Action GNI Gross National Income GNP Gross National Product GSP Generalised System of Preferences HRDD Human Rights Due Diligence HSI Homeland Security Investigations ICE Immigration and Customs Enforcement (U.S.) ICT Information and Communication Technology IISD International Institute for Sustainable Development ILAB Bureau of International Labor Affairs (USDOL) ILO International Labour Organization IMF International Monetary Fund INP Indigenous Natural Product INTA Committee on International Trade (European Parliament) IOE International Organisation of Employers IOM International Organization for Migration IPA Investment Protection Agreements IPEC International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour and Forced IPEC+ Labour JEFTA Japan-EU Free Trade Agreement LFS National Labour Force Surveys LSMS Living Standards Measurement Study MBM Market Basket Measure MCC Millennium Challenge Corporation MEP Member of the European Parliament MFF Multiannual Financial Framework MFN Most Favoured Nation mHRDD mandatory Human Rights Due Diligence MICS Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey MOU Memorandum of Understanding NDICI Neighbourhood, Development and International Cooperation Instrument NORC National Opinion Research Center (University of Chicago) OCFT Office of Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Human Trafficking ODA Official Development Assistance

OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer OFAC Office of Foreign Assets Control (U.S.) OHCHR Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights OHS Occupational Health and Safety OIRER Office of International Relations and Economic Research OPHI Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative OTLA Office of Trade and Labor Affairs (U.S.) PI Partnership Instrument PPP Purchasing Power Parity RBC Responsible Business Conduct RICO Racketeering Influenced Corrupt Organizations SC/ST Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes SDG Sustainable Development Goals SIMPOC Statistical Information and Monitoring Programme on Child Labour TCA Trade and Cooperation Agreement (EU-UK) TDA Trade and Development Act (U.S.) TFTEA Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act (U.S.) TIP Trafficking In Persons TSD Trade and Sustainable Development TULRAA Trade Union and Labor Relations Adjustment Act (South Korea) TVPA Trafficking Victims Protection Act (U.S.) TVPRA Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (U.S.) UK United Kingdom UN United Nations UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNGA United Nations General Assembly UNGPs United Nations Guiding Principles UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund U.S. United States USD U.S. Dollar USDOL U.S. Department of Labor USMCA U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement USMCC U.S. Millennium Challenge Corporation USTR United States Trade Representative VCLT Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties VPA Voluntary Partnership Agreements WFCL Worst Forms of Child Labour WRO Withhold Release Order WSR Worker-driven Social Responsibility WTO World Trade Organization