3.GUIDANCE; Urban Design Compendium, 20 Minute Neighbourhoods.

Urban Design Compendium

The Urban design compendium has a wealth of design guidance and is relevant to the planning and design of the new settlement. Chapter2 ,Appreciating Context highlights the importance of taking into consideration of natural resources, community and existing connections. In Phase 2 and the design of the settlement sections, creating urban structure and making connections are all particularly relevant and draw attention to energy resource efficiency. Included are many precedent examples such as the development at Bede Island which is an example of good practice of linking new developments to existing fabric. (Urban design compendium : English Partnerships, the Housing Corporation, 2002)

20 Minute Neighbourhoods

Around the world there is growing interest in creating places in which most of people’s daily needs can be met within a short walk or cycle. The benefits of this approach are multiple: people become more active, improving their mental and physical health; traffic is reduced, and air quality improved; local shops and businesses thrive; and people see more of their neighbours, strengthening community bonds.(TCPA,2021). Research has shown(https://www.planmelbourne.vic.gov.au/20-minute-neighbourhoods) that people are generally prepared to walk 20minutes to access the services they need, be it schools shops or leisure centres. So be bringing resources closer active travel is encouraged along with health and wellbeing improved and the economy localised. The TCPA guide outlines some key elements for success and also some barriers to adoption.

The 20-minute neighbourhood approach has its roots in the Garden City model developed by Ebenezer Howard and discussed in the previous section. The 20-minute city ethos emphasises that every town and city will be different dependent on it context. There are however components which support 20-minute neighbourhoods across different sites and shown to create successful.

diverse and affordable homes;

· well-connected paths, streets and spaces; schools at the heart of communities;

· good green spaces in the right places; local food production;

· keeping jobs and money local; community health and wellbeing facilities; and

· a place for all ages.

The guide describes the ideal density of development as medium sized under the banner of “complete, compact, connected neighbourhoods”. The medium density is a mix of housing at roughly 75 dpha and is the preferred model for new developments supporting the 20 minute approach. This supports active travel and the vision for the new settlement in the Forest of Dean.

Info gram showing the components of the 20 minute neighbourhoods. ( TCPA,2017)