RJR Architectural Practice Report by Rylan___Jackson

ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICE REPORT ARBE 6202

2021

PRODUCED BY

Table of Contents 1

Introdcution

The RJR Team

Concepts & Firms

Traditional Practices

Plus Practices

Beyond Practices

Synopsis Mapping

Conclusion

Bibliography

30 36 37

Architectural Practice Report 2021

1- Introduction "RJR IS AN ARCHITECTURE & RESEARCH-BASED FIRM FUELED BY PASSION & CURIOSITY" - ARCHDAILY 2021 The world we live in is continually developing, thus understanding the way architects work in architectural practice or beyond the common boundaries of architecture is vital. This helps RJR to predict the path of the profession and ultimately enabling our own firms designs to be inspired, considered and meaningful contributions to society and the architectural community. We believe that quality design can make a real difference to the way we live, work and move through our world and at RJR we have challenged this through multiple designs across Newcastle. However, does this ideology translate elsewhere? Through this research, we will investigate firms and individuals nationally and abroad to understand their drivers for architecture. We will look into the three different typologies of architectural practice which being, traditional, beyond and plus. This analysis is based on the idea of three firm typologies from the book "Architects After Architecture: Alternative Pathways for Practice" by H. Harris, R.Hyde and R.Marcaccio. Using this we can contrast and analyse these categories to each other and our own values to see the global positioning of architectural practice and theory against our own and the opportunities that architecture can offer society as a whole.

approach to the architectural community. Additionally, we will also compare what firm RJR would best be suited to work within a collaborative setting, as well as comparing whom we would best work with as individuals based on our priorities of core values. Lastly, we will also compare personality types using the Myers-Briggs personality type indicator. This will be to identify the overall traits of a firm and how that may impact or drive their work in certain directions as well as contribute to their overall practice philosophies.

Architectural Practice Report 2021

Throughout the report, we use graphical analysis to gain further understanding of firms activities and their

TEAM

JAMES SARA With a passion for conceptual design, James strives to bring a holistic perspective on how a space makes us feel through the manipulation of light and spatial forms. Through his studies In architecture he has devoted himself to researching Its connection with passive design and sustainability while being heavily Influenced by community values.

Architectural Practice Report 2021

THE

RYLAN JACKSON Rylan is a current Architectural Graduate with a strong focus on using the platform of architecture to help contribute to meaningful global projects at multiple scales. His knowledge in Construction Management helps enable an approach to ethical and sustainable construction methods which is a perfect fusion at RJR. This contribution also helps our study arm of practice to trial innovations and collaborate globally to research efficient ways to construct and design beautiful and meaningful architecture.

RACHAEL TILLEMANS Rachael is a current Architectural Graduate with experience in civil and urban design. Rachael's mutli level experience shows in her work and thinking, pushing past the normal realms of architectural design. RJR practice focuses on stripping back architectural design to question the political, historical, material forms, architectural theory and urbanism. Practice must pursue all facets of the environment and the relationships within.

3- Concepts & Firms RJR's research into architectural practices will be led by investigating four main concepts that we believe are important values within the industry and abroad. These concepts will be highlighted throughout the report and compared and contrasted against other firms for a holistic approach to the investigation enabling a rich understanding of firms and individuals values.

COMMUNITY - Firms or individuals that show a sense of community engagement and understanding. Using architecture as a catalyst to improve lives and communities at all scales of the design process. Additionally are there firms that generally have community care without the driver of architecture. SUSTAINABILITY - A collective that has strong motives for sustainable futures which leads to strong environmental design or considers the environment. Additionally using sustainable methods of construction as a crucial part of the practice as well as using sustainability as a part of research. VALUES - A easily identifiable value set that firms or individuals use as a base for all their works.

Architectural Practice Report 2021

INNOVATION -Innovation is a crucial part of modern architectural practice. This is being looked at via the innovation of technology, practice methods and construction methods. How is this innovation effective or does it hinder and affect overall outcomes of projects in positive or negative matters within their sector.

Beyond

Architectural Practice Report 2021

Plus

EFFEKT

Liam Young

Traditional

"BUT WHY SHOULD ARCHITECTS APPLY THEIR SKILLS ELSEWHERE ?" - ARCHITECT AFTER ARCHITECTURE PG 15

4 -Traditional Practices

These characteristics commonly drive contributions we see from practices today. In this section of the report, we will investigate three traditional firm types and their own contribution to the traditional framework. All though we can assume a traditional typology might be common and streamlined, as architecture evolves so does practice methods and processes to create architecture within a modern climate. Therefore, it's important not just to understand processes within the individual firms but additionally their values and drivers that influence them to the way they operate and contribute to the built environment nationally and globally. Such areas are highlighted by firms community engagement within many areas. Others adapt and facilitate modern techniques within a traditional context whilst some firms strive to ensure core values are met and encouraged in all projects. Additional to the worded analysis we have created mapping styles that reflect the firms values and pathways to projects which enables the reader to compare and understand visually the interests and thought processes behind firms decisions when contributing to the built environment.

Architectural Practice Report 2021

The architectural style of traditional practice is one that has been around and tested for many years. It is the main approach and vision of most architects and students to work and run a small, medium or large practice focusing on residential, commercial, competition or a mixture of all three. This strong push towards this sector is one driven by traditional glamour, rewarddriven and prestigious recognition for works and processes. These characteristics make us question the sustainability of practice continuing with this philosophy in a modern progressive context.

Durbach Block Jaggers FOUNDED 1987

OPERATION NATIONAL (AUSTRALIA)

TEAM 11

DISCIPLINE RESEDENTIAL/COMMERCIAL/FITTINGS

The Australian based firm founded in 1987 has contributed beautiful and memorable pieces of architecture over the past 34 years. There is a unique style and approach to their design noted with (1) “Le Corbusier type” traits.

DBJ not only shows innovation with their built form designs. They have extended out to creating fittings that are not only used in some of their designs but are available for individual purchase. This approach creates a secondary revenue stream for the firm which is somewhat unusual for this to happen within a traditional firm context.

DURBACH BLOCK JAGGERS

W3 LIGHT

HOUSE HOLMAN

The size of the firm enables a unique experience of collaboration and ideological exploration. Sketches on most projects are playful, loose and leave much to the imagination enabling a tighter scope at the back end of the project which enables a client to be open about the prospects and opportunities of the final design. Additionally noted is the variations of mediums used to explore and test ideas on a project whether that be a sketch, collage or modelmaking, all of which hold a fundamental style in their own right which replicates their finished projects in the same manner. This approach to a firm where creativity, innovation, playfulness and curiosity is at the forefront enables Durbach Block Jaggers to be a leading and award-winning traditional firm in the Australian context.

CORE

ALUMNI HOUSE COLLAGE INNOVATION COMMUNITY SUSTAINABILITY VALUES

(1) BUTLER, K., 2021. THE PURSUIT OF ENDLESS SURPRISE: DURBACH BLOCK JAGGERS. (2) (STUDIO | DURBACH BLOCK JAGGERS ARCHITECTS - SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA, N.D.) (3) (DURBACH BLOCK JAGGERS - ALUMNI HOUSE COLLAGE , INSTAGRAM , 2021)

(3)

Architectural Practice Report 2021

Neil, David and Camilla pride themselves on creating architecture that is nourished by the three core values in design. This results in creating architecture that is “a balance of power yet poetry”(2) encompassing a strong presence of landscape within the built form. Examples of this can be seen in their 2020 project House Ngaio where moments of the landscape are framed and the movement across the site is controlled by complex gardens in an interwoven state. A further example of this is their award-winning competition entry for UON’s alumni house. Creating intimate moments with landscape on such a busy CBD precinct corridor shows their commitment to using nature and landscape within their buildings to create a sense of wellbeing with its users.

W3 BUBBLES

The diagram explores the 4 categories of projects DBJ conduct within their office. The diagram also analyses how they work through their design projects through different phases. n ctio

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Client presentation/ feedback

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Compiling of Photography

Graphical conceptual mediums created Concept identified and finessed

COLLABORATION IN HOUSE OR ABROAD

INITIAL IDEAS

PROJECT BRIEF NEIL ,CAMILLA, DAVID

7 8

Build prototype and test 3

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Compile and commence production

W3 Light 3+2 Cloud Pull Lever Door Handle

Lavender Bay House Ngaio Newcastle East End Taurus Omnia Holman Tamarama The Garden House Droga Sikell Miller Villa Spry Twin Peaks Darling Point

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PRODUCTS

RESEDENTIAL

ACROSS MULTIPLE MEDIUMS

Begin and develop schematic response and submit

Concept identified and finessed Schematic conceptual visuals formed & models

1 2

Client presentation/ feedback

Phase 2 acceptance or Competition end

Finesse ideas and document proposal for more clarity

4 5 9

Acceptance of Phase 2 proposal - Won or Lost based on client Chance for small amendments /working with client/ construction

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Construction

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COMPETITION/PROPOSAL

Alumni House 410 Pitt ST Wentworth Point Comp 210-220 George ST UNSW Gate 9 Kambula School Infinity House Happy Haus Kanwal Village King ST Wharf Apartment's

Carter Williamson FOUNDED 2004

OPERATION NATIONAL (AUSTRALIA)

TEAM 16

DISCIPLINE RESEDENTIAL/MULTI RESIDENTIAL/COMMERCIAL

Carter Williamsons' approach to architectural design is not just to create buildings, but to make a difference in the way we live. The principal and founder Shaun Carter takes this approach for both his clients and as a means to give back to the architecture community that his career was built upon. Through his passion for tutoring, lecturing and creating tours, he spreads knowledge about (4) the industry while inspiring future architects. This passion leads him into the Australian Institute of Architects whereby becoming the president of the NSW Chapter Council, he advocates for (5) gender equality, inclusivity and the future of the industry.

CORE

Aiming to engage elements of joy, curiosity and self-expression within their designs, Carter Williamson's core values are to integrate sentimental connections with meaningful client engagement. By investing heavily into understanding their clients they learn how to create an (6) important emotional connection that highlights the client's values. This approach to client engagement is effective as most of their work comes from referrals. Reflecting their website testimony is a true reflection on how they operate.

INNOVATION COMMUNITY SUSTAINABILITY VALUES

SHAUN CARTER

WOODCROFT NEIGHBORHOOD CENTRE

(4) (SHAUN CARTER, 2021)) (5) (CARTER, 2015) (6) (CAPABILITY - CARTER WILLIAMSON ARCHITECTS, N.D.)

SCREEN HOUSE

Architectural Practice Report 2021

Enriched by the benefits of teaching, Shaun lets it heavily influence his firm and design process. Carter Williamson's approach to firm structure is to foster a place of leadership and guidance with little input from a traditional hierarchy. While employees work beneath him from a title perspective, the firm’s actual operation is anything but. Staff have their own say in design as Shaun is actively looking for new inspiration, striving not to be a sole starchitect, but to be a (6) collaborative team.

EDUCATION INTERGRATION Shaun Carter uses his passion for teaching through lectures, tutoring and tours to educate new generations of architects. This teaching Is driven through the Carter Williamson team and universities while being emphasised through his presidency at the AIA Chapter Council. This flow of education ultimately arrives at the client to bring them a sense of joy, curiosity and expression within their projects.

OLI ARCHITECTURE FOUNDED 2010

OPERATION INTERNATIONAL (NEW YORK)

TEAM 11

DISCIPLINE MUSEUMS/CIVIC/INSTITUTIONAL

OLI Architecture was merged from a number of smaller firms in 2010, having combined work experience of over 30 years the now medium size firm produces museums, civic and institutional projects across the globe. They aim to investigate the specific nature of each project to craft design responses to meet the aspirations of the clients, stakeholders and the detailed requirements of the future occupants. The firm's vision is toward the future, whilst respecting the specific cultural parameters of each project and (7) incorporating an understanding of the built environment. OLI sees projects as missions for the environmental sustainably and livability within cities.

The core practice of OLI Architecture is collaboration in order to facilitate every design principle and ensure briefs are met to the highest design consideration. Incorporating high design quality into projects whilst allowing the client to be at the core of consideration makes OLI a successful firm.

KINDLE ANALECTS

MUSEUM OF ISLAMIC ART

CORE

ANJI PLAY

INNOVATION COMMUNITY SUSTAINABILITY VALUES

(7)( STUDIO| OLI ARCHITECTURE, NEW YORK, USA) (8) ( WEBSITE | THE TRUE PLAY FOUNDATION, ZHANGWU, ANJI COUNTY, 2021)

Architectural Practice Report 2021

OLI specialises in designs of contemporary traditional spaces within the city designed to facilitate a large portion of the community. Anji Play an ongoing project that intends to facilitate a Childhood Education Research Center has been designed for an experimental play, supporting 21st-century early childhood education movement. Innovation is at the core of exercising these rights to space, freedom, materials and (8) time, the children develop play intentions that manifest themselves in ‘high degrees of complexity. These spaces within cities that are the core of education, the arts and industry, have been functioning spaces for centuries. OLI challenges these functioning spaces to be works of art within themselves. Works of art that focus on the specific nature of each project, complement the communities needs whilst allow OLI to explore innovative design typologies. Combining contextual studies using physical, digital and parametric models. OLI ensures that projects articulate with local construction practices and standards to create buildings that merge with the cultural environment of its site.

NEURONAL ACTIVITY VIGIL

HAR

SLEEP = FUTURE

O JE

C T R A N KI N

VIGIL = CLIENTS

REST, REFLECT, RENEW

KINDLE A NAL EC TIC S

SLEEP

T NA ER L INT A SIT E M A N O S PIT H

EXERCISE = FUNCTION

THOUGHT PROCESS

PHYSICAL FUNCTION

EXERCISE

LAY P JI AN

G 6C

The Neuronal Activity (brain metabolism) analysis system explores how certain physical attributes of basic human function relates to the way OLI architecture practices as a firm. Using the sections of brain functions to relate to a process in the firm it helps to understand what is a priority in their works, being client and stakeholder, future planning and design considerations or function of the buildings over aesthetics.

LOND ON CRO SS PA VI LL IO N

METABOLISM OF SUCESS

EU AR M OF TT I ER R SLA M IC ACE

N ORTH ZO

RANKING SUCESSFUL ATTRIBUTES

K SIL

O CT

3. CLIENT 2. FUTURE 1. FUNCTION

"THROUGH THE ACCUMULATION OF THESE STORIES, WE HOPE TO ILLUSTRATE A VERSION OF ARCHITECTURE WHERE THE LIMITS ARE NO LONGER FIXED" - ARCHITECT AFTER ARCHITECTURE PG. 20

5 - Plus Practices EFFEKT

In a world idealised by the image of the ‘starchitect’ where architecture is driven by media and high budget clients. The common perception of architecture is one that is obsessed with the validation of aesthetic value where the form is more important than function. This Instagram consumed industry has changed the social perception of what success in architecture is which couldn’t be further from the truth.

PLUS architects question this by operating within a broader spectrum of design. Whilst still building in the traditional sense they also cross boundaries into urban design, community engagement, fighting climate issues, advocacy and many more. This section will explore the three firms Interboro, Effekt and Nendo and how they contribute to society by broadening the perception of architecture.

(9)HARRISS, H., HYDE, R. AND MARCACCIO, R., 2021. ARCHITECTS AFTER ARCHITECTURE. NEW YORK: ROUTLEDGE, PP.1-23.

Architectural Practice Report 2021

The most successful architects are ones who are “professional generalists, who know a little bit (9) about a lot of things.” They spark excitement by synthesising a combination of material, people, perspectives and ambitions into a future prospect of positive social outcomes. This method does not confine itself to just the traditional method of practicing architecture and it starts to question 'What is architecture?'.

Effekt FOUNDED 2006

OPERATION INTERNATIONAL

TEAM 56

DISCIPLINE COMMERCIAL /RESEDENTIAL /URBAN & RESEARCH

EFFEKT

EFFEKT is a Copenhagen based firm inspired by working collaboratively, locally and internationally to create meaningful projects for its users. Furthermore, they also have an in-house research arm. Research arms are becoming increasingly popular within firms globally as it enables the ability to broaden interests and develop philosophies or curiosities within the practice and test their feasibility on multiple scales. These developments can be used as a precedent, or inspire other firms to collaborate with similar interests to reduce cost and test these theories. URBAN VILLAGE PROJECT

HABOUR FARM

EFFEKT is an important architectural contributor. They show how the progression of architectural practice and a focus on a collaborative approach to design on all scales can reap fantastic results. Additionally, the research arms enable continuous development of core ideas and values enabling EFFEKT to have meaningful, future-proofed and beautiful contributions. (11) This results in their core mission of " creating societal value beyond brief and client."

CORE

INNOVATION COMMUNITY SUSTAINABILITY VALUES

CLIMATE HARBOUR (10)POWNALL, A., 2019. SPACE10 AND EFFEKT DEVELOP SUBSCRIPTION-BASED HOUSING WHERE YOU SHARE WITH YOUR NEIGHBOURS.DEZEEN (11)( STUDIO| EFFEKT - WORK MISSION , DENMARK , ND

Architectural Practice Report 2021

An example of this in action for EFFEKT is their collaboration project with Studio 10 & IKEA. The Urban Village project is a test of multiple opportunities and strategies for the co-housing model (10) approach. This speculative research project addressed the issue of the housing crises tackling multiple countries across the globe thus a strategy to address this is vital. The model is seen as a pickup and drop model and could be positioned from poverty-ridden slums to a metropolitan context. Pushing these ideas as a collaborative exercise shows EFFEKT’s attitude towards having strong moral values, innovation and commitment to sustainability. Additionally EFFEKT enjoys urban developmental prevention projects to secure livelihoods and communities in the wake of global warming. The climate harbour project redesigns the foreshore whilst activating the area with communal public and private spaces encouraging activity whilst using design as a tool to keep people safe over the next two to three decades.

CHE CITY

RESOURCE BLOCKEN

BINNALE ARCHITTETURA

HARBOUR FARM

BUILD FOR LIFE

URBAN VILLAGE

SCALED PERSPECTIVES This diagram analyses the broad spectrum of projects by EFFEKT studios. The research undertaken highlights certain trends in their current practice in regards to projects, scale and research. The diagram indicates that the majority of their built projects are on a scale less than 175,000m2. These projects also have a good mixture of uses from residential to culture and education. The larger end of the scale shows that urban development and master planning is an issue EFFEKT like to solve and as a young firm it can be assumed that they will continue developing master plans that match their core values. Their research arm is strongly influenced by residential solutions such as co-housing and affordable living.

500,000m2

VINGE

GARDEN CITY

GADEOKDO CO EVOLUTION

350,000m2

VINGE STATION

JUZNA DOLINA HERNING +

CLOUDBURST & CULTURE

NCCA

REGAN VILLAGES EXPERIMENTARIUM KARTONI QUARTIER

LIVSRUM CANCER CENTRE VIJAL

KILDEVÆLD COMMUNITY CENTRE

CARLSBERG BREWHOUSE MUSIC PLAZA ENGHAVEJE

HOTEL ESJBERG

VILLA ONE GELLERUP PAVILLION

175,000m2

STIGBORGS WATERFORNT

RESEARCH

0m2

KEY

EDUCATIONAL

COMPETITION

HEALTHCARE

MASTERPLAN/URBAN DEVELOPMENT

LANDSCAPE

RESEDENTIAL

CULTURAL

COMMERCIAL

SILKEBORG BUSINESS CORRIDOR

STØBERIKVARTERET

HELSINKI HARBOUR

GELLERUP PARK SIKLEBORG WATERFRONT

ROSENHOJ

RAVNKILDEVEJ VAISHNAVI VIRIDIAN

TONDER MITBY

HIGH RISE HABITAT GELERUP MASTERPLAN

FREDERKISBERG CAMPUS

KEILHOF BYSKOLYN

SIMAC

KILVEELAD COMMUNTY CENTER

INSTALLATION L'INSTALLAZIONE VILLA BÜLOWSVEJ OCE AMAGER BIO BARSABLADEN RICHGAARDENS

700,000m2

INTERBORO FOUNDED 2002

OPERATION NATIONAL (UNITED STATES)

TEAM 21

DISCIPLINE COMMUNITY/URBAN DESIGN

EFFEKT

Interboro was established to fill the gap of creativity in the urban planning world with the imagination of architectural design approaches. Merging these two industries challenge the idea of what architecture can be and its impacts on the community. By using architectural problem-solving skills in scopes ranging from small urban installations to city-wide planning and advocacy projects, (13) Interboro now occupies an award-winning space outside the realm of traditional architecture.

Interboro is heavily invested in its values of community and advocacy for change in how urban environments are used and perceived. While they operate with a multitude of skill sets, they complement their physical forms with a large investment into written documents including books, essays and papers to reach a wider audience. They tackle issues such as racism, zoning, marketing, population growth and many more to research how they influence the community and the built (15) environment. Interboro is In a constant search to refine their input to society to create better living conditions for the masses.

FOUNDING MEMBERS

'YOU CAN PLAN ON IT' ICE CREAM TRUCK

CORE

AD-BLOC

INNOVATION COMMUNITY SUSTAINABILITY VALUES

(12) (ZEIGER, 2021) (13)(CAMPAU / DAVISON / BANGLATOWN NEIGHBORHOOD FRAMEWORK PLAN, 2021) (14) (PROJECTS, 2021)

Architectural Practice Report 2021

Interboro challenges how we innovate within the built environment. Not only do they find new techniques and solutions to problems, but they challenge the underlying problem to have a deep understanding of the communities in which they operate. Through this method, they innovate forms to push the boundaries on how communities function and coexist. Their process is to understand these communities through direct engagement from start to finish and beyond. Often their entire projects are entirely based around community engagement and research without a built form. The 'You Can Plan On It' Neighbourhood Framework Plan does just that. The aim to enhance streetscapes and connectivity In Detroit, Interboro drove an Ice cream van to gather community input through the (14) interaction of Ice cream sales.

COMMUNITY > BUILDINGS Interboro was created through the merging of urban planning and architecture Industries. It now operates In a wide spectrum of the built environment feeding their passion for community engagement and advocacy Into every project.

NENDO FOUNDED 2005

OPERATION INTERNATIONAL (JAPAN & ITALY) TEAM 120 DISCIPLINE PRODUCTS/COMMERCIAL/EXHIBITION

NENDO is an architectural design firm based out of Tokyo and Milian and was founded by OKI Sato in 2002.

EFFEKT

The studio has over 120 employees across both cities, the employees are all classified as designers as the firm covers such a broad range of professions: Architects, Civil Designers, Interior Designers, Product (16)

designers are some of the 'on paper' qualifications. Oki Sato sees design as a means to engage in a form of dance with our endless human curiosities. His works produce childish motifs and are limitless and inhibited. His main ideas for personal practice are objects and designs speak for themselves, they are simple but the message is clear. He ensures designs have a combination of 'spice' and humour to ensure they are more

BBY.B GINZA

(17)

accessible to people.

Sato's personal practice is reflected in all NENDO projects, the Japanese cultural values influence of visualising unseen elements such as the passage of time, emotion, or memories are at the core of the firms practice. Minimalism and poetry of NENDOs designs reduce things down, creating perfectly balanced designs that breathe warmth. Innovation is at the core of this minimal approach, unintentionally these design become sustainable products and projects.

ROLLUP ECOBAG

Installations works such as the 2021 Tokyo cauldron to open the Olympic flame. No matter the purpose of the project minimalism reflected in shades, colours, texture and organic form allows the studio to be noticed on (18)

a global scale.

NENDO approaches design in a minimalistic yet humoured manner, they allow a design to be limitless in

HARCOURT CHESSBOARD

dimension and definition whilst paying close attention to project values. Oki Sato " The factors of good design, in my opinion, are functional, simple, and friendly".

CORE

ALICES TEA PARTY

INNOVATION COMMUNITY SUSTAINABILITY VALUES

(15) ( STUDIO| NENDO, AKASAKA, MINATO-KU, TOKYO JAPAN ) (16) ( INTERVIEW| NENDO: THE JAPANESE STUDIO MAKING DESIGN FUN AGAIN , 2015 )

(17) ( WEBSITE | NENDO DIVISARE, 2021)

Architectural Practice Report 2021

Projects range from small residential projects that reflect functionality and connection of space to

LAN GU AG E

INITIAL IMPRESSION

LANGUAGE OF THOUGHT + EMOTION

INSTINCTIVE RESPONSE + SENSATION

DESIGN

PERFORMANCE

EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCE + MEMORY

IN C

USABILITY

PRODUCT FUNCTION

16 IN

TIV E

18 17

IMPACT OF THOUGHT

NENDO

PRACTICE

CULTURAL MEANING

THEORY

FEELINGS

SHARING EXPERIENCE

ATTRACTIVENESS

EMOTIONAL + FUNCTION KEY:

EMOTIONAL EXP ER IEN CE Y\ OR EM M

HT G OU H T

OTION + EM

The One Mind, Three Brains analysis system explores how the emotional brain can link to theory, design and practice within a firm. Emotion and function being integrated into NENDOS projects has created a priority of function in the final products/designs. Emotion based analysis is important for NENDO as their projects focus on the client and creating an experience within their projects.

ONE MIND, THREE BRAINS

RESP O NSE + SEN

IO SAT

NENDO PROJECTS 1. CHOCOLATE TEXTURE LOUNGE 2. SPACE DIPPED SHIRTS 3. STAIRWAY HOUSE 4. BBY B. GINZA 5. HIRATA NO BOSHI 6. POOH TABLE 7. BEAUTY LIBRARY 8. ALICES TEA PARTY 9. SEMI WRINKLE WASHI 10. CHOPSTICKS 11. BLOOMING SHADES 12. SUNSET 13. DRAFTSMAN OI SCALE 14. HEADS OR TAILS 15. GLASS OFFICE 16. HARCOURT CHESSBOARD 17. ROLL UP ECO BAG 18. SCENT

"THE EXPANSION OF THE DISCIPLINE AND THE EXPERIMENTATION WITH ALTERNATE FORMS OF ARCHITECTURE PRACTICE IS NOT SIMPLY A NEW TREND, BUT A SURVIVAL TACTIC." - ARCHITECT AFTER ARCHITECTURE PG. 14

6- Beyond Practices The architectural style of a BEYOND practice is a relatively new way of thinking about architecture and is continuously changing every day. The true definition of the architect has altered into a new reality. Where the most effective architects are not those who seek to control every detail but are open collaborators in a productive process. Enhanced platforms of technology and a more widely accepted way of challenging the outputs of an architectural design, students and professionals are able to make a personal narrative from their journey of architecture to their final destination.

Liam Young

BEYOND architects question the setting of design, allowing expansive ways of social and community driven ideals to be represented in a creative world with attachment to the built environment. This section explores three firms/practitioners Liam Young, Wai Architecture and Architechie and how they challenge the definition of architecture, through an individual narrative processes.

Architectural Practice Report 2021

What makes BEYOND practice such an important way of practicing , is the ability for individuals to pursue passion and opportunity over reward driven and prestigious recognition. Beyond works as highlighted in this section of the report explore the way individuals or firms have assumed a new stance on architectural practice. They use architecture qualifications, practice and theories to influence narratives making architecture a new highly regarded form of intelligence.

Liam Young FOUNDED 2018

OPERATION INTERNATIONAL

TEAM 1

DISCIPLINE SPECULATIVE FILM & RESEARCH

The worlds continual development and evolution of processes do not stop at architecture. Liam Young is an Australian based film director and architect who explores the world of the built environment through the lens of film in an emotive and educational way. This is not just for himself to develop skills and understanding of the world but for the viewers of his films to be encapsulated with mystery and intrigue. He uses the medium of film to explore futures of the world, what architecture may look like and how it will age over time or creating philosophical predictions. Furthermore, he has begun to document real world problems and has begun writing as an extension (18) to his exploration of the world and architecture.

Through Youngs' exploration, we can understand the multiple avenues that architecture can take individuals or practices to explore and test ideas. It not only shows the co-relationship between technology and architectural futures but enables opportunities to develop architectural proposals differently through a cinematic lens full of emotive scenarios to test feasibilities but also as an expression tool.

CORE

INNOVATION COMMUNITY SUSTAINABILITY VALUES

(18) YOUNG, L., N.D. - BIOGRAPHY - LIAM YOUNG. [ONLINE] (19) (WHAT IS SPECULATIVE ARCHITECTURE? FAQ BY LIAM YOUNG, 2017)

PLANET CITY

WHERE THE CITY CANT SEE

Architectural Practice Report 2021

Youngs' expansions on film has led him to create a roaming studio called Unknown Fields where he explores the world's problems which have taken him to expose slave labour in Madagascar to the toxic waste industry in central China. His diversification in materiality enables him to make predictions on futures which leads to unique and emotive scenarios created in films such as the 2021 film “Planet City”. His predictions are based on statistical facts and have given him the ability to help cities predict future events and ways the citizens may live in the future through collaborative (19) projects such as his 2020 film “Seoul City Machine”. Young has an exclusive interest in expressional movement, humans are machines - items to the bigger world as he explores his findings and expressions. It's a way that we can see architecture in a bigger lense rather than the impacts that it has on society, its shifts to the view that the users are the machines and we are of service to the architectural foundations of society.

Liam Young

KODAK EXPLOSION

BRAVE NEW NOW fiction & writing

The exploded camera mapping technique explores the ideas and motives behind Liam Young before he captures a moment through the eye of a lens. Below is a key diagram that helps to identify the mapping and thought process. Using components of a camera it identifies the areas Liam Young subconsciously and concisely explores during filmmaking and production of his works.

2 PLANET CITY BOOK fiction & writing

3 1

4 PLANET CITY

CITY DRONES

fiction & world building

fiction

5 TRANSMISSIONS FROM DRONE ORCHESTRA fiction

WHERE THE CITY CANT SEE

COMPONENTS KEY FOR YOUNGS WORK

1 Liam Young's Eye (Visualisations to capture his 5 moments) 2 Hidden Daily Systems - beyond the eyes of humanity

fiction

8 6

CONSUMED documentary & unknown fields

UNRAVELED documentary & unknown fields

SEOUL CITY MACHINE

3 Project need for global awareness e.g (climate change)

fiction

4 Storytelling Opportunities

CHOREOGRAPHIC CAMFLOUGE fiction

5 Conceptualising Space 6 Urban-Think Tank Values

ALL UP IN MY GRILL

RARE EARTENWARE

documentary & unknown fields

7 Impact of Capture to a Specific Audience

ROBOT SKIES fiction

8 Outcomes Dispursed

RENDERLANDS

BREAST MILK OF VOLCANOES documentary & unknown fields

documentary & fiction

NEW CITY TALES FROM THE DARK SIDE documentary - unknown fields - writing

fiction & world building

WAI Architecture FOUNDED 2008

OPERATION INTERNATIONAL

TEAM 2

DISCIPLINE RESEARCH/EXPERIMENTS/ARTWORKS

WAI Architecture Think Tank is an innovative studio practicing by questioning the political, historical, material legacy/imperatives of architecture and urbanism. Through a panoramic and critical approach their response to the definition of an architect is changing, therefore the practice of architecture needs to as well. WAI is a small firm with two founding members who are architects, artist, curators, educators, theorists, authors and poets. WAI is based in Brussels and was started in 2008 after the financial crisis. It is one of several different

Liam Young

platforms of community engagement that the firm’s members use for finding substance in the visual (20)

and theoretical world. WAI is deeply invested in the development of new curricula and pedagogical

WAI TEAM

experiments searching for diverse forms of public engagement with architecture, as well as decolonisation and anti-racist reconstruction of the role of architecture in the construction of new worlds. These experiments range from exhibitions, lectures, architecture and art workshops, critical essays, manifestos, interviews, publications and video/ animations. Foam ideas can be defined by WAI as “a product of a moment in time”. We, humans, overlook the emptiness of imagery overflow we have from technology and the context around ourselves, empty

AVANT-GARDE

(21)

foam shapes and redundant parametric rhetoric threatens to saturate the architectural domain. This The Avant-Garde' a mural and 'Utopia room' an exhibition; use the development of architectural thinking and production to unleash the possibilities, fears, dreams, ambitions, frustrations, and hopes of the theoretical practicing human. WAI questions the audience “How do we live today and what artistic means can help us find productive approaches to do so”, commanding people to shape their own moments in time. WAI foam is a structure that generates endless cognitive connections and provides THINKING behind images. WAI is a contemporary think tank for the architecture and its city. (20)

Through understanding how WAI Architecture uses multiple avenues of practice, to generate momentary experiences we respond by questioning our own THINKING in the world. This THINKING

CORE

needs to consume us and be explored in our day to day life.

INNOVATION COMMUNITY SUSTAINABILITY VALUES

(20) IN-TEXT : ( STUDIO| WAI ARCHITECTURE THINK TANK - BRUSSELS, BELGUIM )

(21) IN-TEXT :( WEBSITE| THE FUNAMBULIST MAGAZINE, 2021 )

LANDSCAPES WITHOUT QUALITIES

Architectural Practice Report 2021

domain is challenged by the firm in the form of THINKING manipulation. Projects such as 'Cities of

BRAIN ANALYSIS

LEFT BRAIN+RIGHT BRAIN

SEQUENCING LINEAR MATHEMATICS FACTS LOGIC

VISUALISATION IMAGINATION INTUITION RHYTHM HOLISTIC THINKING

WAI THINK TANK

The brain analysis of the right brain (logical thinking) and the left brain (creatively thinking), has been applied to an architecture think tank for Wai architecture. With the two sides of thinking plugged into a graph mapping, Wai projects against social issues and their importance in society today. It is established that Wai architecture is a right brain thinking firm.

62.5% 37.5% RIGHT BRAIN FIRM

LEFT BRAIN

VS.

RIGHT BRAIN

WAI PROJECTS 1. FOLD CURATORIAL 2. A SUMMER GARDEN 3. LANDSCAPE WITH QUALITIES 4. A PHANTASTIC ODYSSEY 5. PAVILION OF SHAPES 6. LI CREATIVE OFFICES 7. BLINDNESS 8. WALL STALKER 9. CONDENSAR 10. POST0NOVIS 11. SUPREMATIST CITY 12. UTOPIA ROOM 13. OSIRI INNOVATION 14. THANGKA EXHIBITION 15.LANDSCAPES WITHOUT QUALITIES 16. AVANTE-GARDE

Architechie OPERATION NEW YORK/SAN FRANSISCO

TEAM 11

DISCIPLINE ADVOCACY

The profession of architecture is locked into a loop where hard work goes unrecognised, while architects have the skills to be creative, they often become overshadowed by starchitects who get all the glory and creative freedom. Architechie recognises this issue and is driven by a desire to fill the shortcomings in the architecture industry through advocating new career paths in the tech industry. Run a group of 11 ex architects with backgrounds in architecture, urban design, and planning, they host events and workshops to highlight the benefits on mental health and quality of life in their new careers in web design, UX design, product design, software engineering, podcasting (22) and many more. The team constantly question what architecture is and how it's defined by not just buildings on sites but a way of thinking that can be applied to many applications. Through many years in design school and practice, architects are taught to not just create designs but develop systems and approaches to design. Architechie realises how other industries see the value in our problem-solving skills and by approaching new opportunities in the technology industry new careers can be created in augmented reality, wearables, bitcoin, transportation and many more. While Architechie is successful in its mission to spread awareness of new opportunities, it is not their only path. The team are firm believers in passive income and all the team members are a part of side jobs to stay creative. They have used their skills to create websites, architectural organisation platforms and mental health applications. Particularly known for ‘Monograph’ project management, (23) ‘Relax’ and ‘Colour Codes’.

Liam Young

ARCHITECHIE VALUES

ARCHITECHIE COLLECTIVE

The Architechie team went into architecture to build environments and create a positive impact on society. When this path became unfulfilling, their transition to the tech industry became clear as they can accomplish the same goals through software. They focus on making new opportunities aware to architects who are looking to get a more creative career and bring back the conceptual freedom that was abundant in architecture school.

CORE

MONOGRAPH PROJECT MANAGEMENT

INNOVATION COMMUNITY SUSTAINABILITY VALUES

(22) (ARCHITECHIE — ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2021) (23) (HUDELSON, 2016)

Architectural Practice Report 2021

FOUNDED 2016

INDUSTRY EXPANSION In the architects transition from architecture to the tech Industry the adjustment Is simply to learn new programs suited to the role. By bringing their problem solving skills through this transition to the new Industry the architect now creates unique solutions to problems In a variety of career paths.

7- Synopsis Mapping

"ALWAYS DESIGN A THING BY CONSIDERING IT IN ITS NEXT LARGER CONTEXT A CHAIR IN A ROOM, A ROOM IN A HOUSE, A HOUSE IN AN ENVIRONMENT, (24) AN ENVIRONMENT IN A CITY PLAN." - ELIEL SAARINEN (101 THINGS I LEARNED IN ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL) PG 94

In this section of the report, we will look into the firms of interest in a broader setting. This is done by analysing all nine firms together at the same time using graphical techniques. Each firm throughout the document has been given a coloured dot. This will help in identifying the firms in this section of the report. There are three main graphs displayed in this section. The first one is The 8 Tiered Firm Typology Analysis. This graph is looking into five areas of each firm, starting at the centre of the diagram and following a section of pie to the outer edge to understand the firms position. The second diagram is the Core Value Analysis. This information is taken from graph one and the core values highlighted throughout the report. We have ranked our core values as priorities that make up the RJR core value circle. This is then measured against the nine other firms to find our collaborative partner, additionally finding our own individual firm that best matches our own core values. Finally, the third diagram is the 16 Personalities Firm Test. This uses the Myers Briggs personality test to identify the traits of the selected firms. This helps show the firms attitude and desire to either be bold or reserved in their works. Additionally being able to personally identify which firms are best suited to us as individuals based on the results of the firms.

TIO N TA

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CORE VALUES

PROJECT SCALE

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Liam Young

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THE 8 TIERED FIRM TYPOLOGY ANALYSIS

URBAN DESIGN

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EDUCATION

EXPERIMENTA

RESEARCH

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CORE VALUE ANALYSIS

Liam Young

EFFEKT

ID EA L

INDIVIDUAL BEST FIRMS MATCH

CO LL AP ER AT IO N

PA RT NE R

KEY

EFFEKT

Easily formed opinion based off fact and knowledge

JUDGING

16 PERSONALITIES

CAMPAIGNER - (ENFP-A) DIPLOMAT

EXECUATIVE - (ESJT) SENTINEL

TURBULENT

PROSPECTING

Process of considering or reasoning about project theories

THINKING

FEELING

Based on how one project forms even without concious reasoning

INITUTIVE

OBSERVANT

ANALYSTS

DIPLOMATS

Innovative inventors with an (INTP) unquenchable thirst for knowledge

LOGICIAN

Bold, imaginative and strong willed leaders, (ENTJ) always finding a way or making one.

COMMANDER

Smart and curious thinkers who cannot (ENTP) resist an intellectual challenge

DEBATOR

Quiet and mystical, yet very inspiring and (INFJ) timeless idealists.

ADVOCATE

Poetic, kind and altruistic people, (INEP) always eager to help a good cause.

MEDIATOR

Charismatic and inspiring leaders, (ENFJ) able to mesmerize their listeners.

PROTAGONIST

Enthusiaatic, creative and sociable free (ENFP) spirits, who can always find a reason to smile.

CAMPAIGNER

Formed opinion from insightful information

Emotional reaction to a project that is drawn from firm beliefs

Acknowledge situations and perceive scenario openly

Reserved and restricted with making change and standing out

SENTINELS

EXPLORERS

Practical and factminded individuals, (ISTJ) whose reliability cannot be doubted.

LOGISTICIAN

Very dedicated and warm protectors, (ISFJ) always ready to defend their loved ones.

DEFENDER

Bold and practical experimenters, (ISTP) masters of all kinds of tools.

VIRTUOSO

Flexible and charming artists, always ready to (ISFP) explore and experince something new.

ADVENTURER

Excellent ENTREPRENEUR administrators, (ESTJ) unsurpassed at manging (ESTP) things or people

EXECUATIVE

Extraordinary caring, social and popular (ESFJ) people, always eager to help.

CONSUL

Smart, energetic and very perceptive people who truly enjoy living on the edge.

Spontaneous, energetic and enthusiastic people, (ESEP) life is never boring around them

ENTERTAINER

PERSONALITY TYPES

Imaginative and strategic thinkers, (INTJ) with a plan for everything

ARCHITECT

INTROVERTED

Intentional thinking, influenced by fast decisions and direct approachs

TRAIT ANALYSIS

ASSERTIVE

INDIVIDUAL RESULTS

Confident and forceful thinking, with set intentions

Outgoing qualities, with ability to mold opinions easily EXTRAVERTED

MEDIATOR - (INFP-T) DIPLOMAT

The Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator is a tool used to identify (24) characteristics and traits that an individual may possess. The results are then broken up into 16 categories. Out of the sixteen categories, half are for those who possess introverted type behaviours and the remaining half are for extroverted types. Using this method we have been able identify majority of our firms are extraverted personalities. This data applied has been assumed from the analysis we have conducted throughout the report. Allowing to breakdown the personality types of firms it has given RJR a in depth understanding of the type of firms that would be suited to the firm or themselves as individuals.

ASSERTIVE

JUDGING

5 4

ASSERTIVE

PROSPECTING

THINKING

FEELING

INITUTIVE

INTROVERTED

EXTRAVERTED

5 4

PROSPECTING

TURBULENT

PROSPECTING

THINKING

INITUTIVE

OBSERVANT

EXTRAVERTED

Liam Young

TURBULENT

PROSPECTING

FEELING

THINKING

INITUTIVE

EXTRAVERTED

5 4

CONSUL (ESFJ)

PROSPECTING

CONSUL (ESFJ)

PROSPECTING

EXTRAVERTED

JUDGING

INITUTIVE

5 4

TURBULENT

EFFEKT TURBULENT

OBSERVANT

EXTRAVERTED

5 4

OBSERVANT

EXTRAVERTED

5 4

PROTAGONIST (ENFJ)

JUDGING

ENTREPRENEUR (ESEP)

ASSERTIVE

5 4

COMMANDER (ENJT)

CAMPAIGNER - (ENFP)

DEBATOR - (ENTP)

VIRTUOSO (ISTP)

5 4

PROTAGONIST (ENFJ)

16 PERSONALTIES FIRM TEST

8- Conclusion As demonstrated in this report we have been able to analyse nine firms based on the ideas of traditional, plus and beyond firms inspired by the book Architects after Architecture. Through this exploration, we were able to gain an insightful understanding of how they operate as well as their beliefs and drivers to contribute to the architectural community. Furthermore, through this research, we were able to explore projects on multiple scales with diverse briefs showcasing the multiple pathways of project completion and similarities based on firm typologies. Additionally through this analysis and using graphical techniques to express our research, we were able to discover RJRs position within the three typologies which has identified us as a Plus firm due to our research interests and progressive nature. However, this research has enlightened us to make the prediction that Plus firms are going to be the more common firms over the next two to three decades. This is based on the lack of traditional architectural practices to be diverse in nature when it comes to projects - this is in parallel to the changing scenario of architectural practice and the role of the architect in modern society. The firms able to be adaptable and explore other areas will be in good stead for the future and it is desired that traditional firms today continue to improve and adapt their model of business to suit the modern new climate.

based on other firms core values. This enabling us to position ourselves against other employees core values to find who we would be best suited to work for out of the researched firms who would suit our philosophy as well as us suiting there. This report has been able to give RJR a holistic approach to the industry as well as a self-reflective task on our own values and positions. This type of research and information will enable us at RJR to grow and develop our ideas and research theories to create bigger and brighter futures through the built environment for all to experience.

Architectural Practice Report 2021

Finally, through graphical analysis, we were able to identify our own core values and where they position

9 - Bibliography THE PURSUIT OF ENDLESS SURPRISE: DURBACH BLOCK JAGGERS (1) (BUTLER, 2021) BIBLIOGRAPHY: BUTLER, K., 2021. THE PURSUIT OF ENDLESS SURPRISE: DURBACH BLOCK JAGGERS. (2) (STUDIO | DURBACH BLOCK JAGGERS ARCHITECTS - SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA, N.D.) BIBLIOGRAPHY: DURBACHBLOCKJAGGERS.COM. N.D. STUDIO | DURBACH BLOCK JAGGERS ARCHITECTS - SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA. [ONLINE] AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://DURBACHBLOCKJAGGERS.COM/STUDIO/> [ACCESSED 15 AUGUST 2021]. DURBACH BLOCK JAGGERS ALUMNI HOUSE - UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE AWABAKAL COUNTRY (3) (DURBACH BLOCK JAGGERS, INSTAGRAM, 2021) BIBLIOGRAPHY: DURBACH BLOCK JAGGERS, 2021. ALUMNI HOUSE - UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE AWABAKAL COUNTRY. [IMAGE] AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://WWW.INSTAGRAM.COM/DURBACHBLOCKJAGGERS/?HL=EN> [ACCESSED 18 AUGUST 2021]. SHAUN CARTER (4) (SHAUN CARTER, 2021) BIBLIOGRAPHY: ARCHITECTUREAU. 2021. SHAUN CARTER. [ONLINE] AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://ARCHITECTUREAU.COM/CONTRIBUTORS/CARTER-SHAUN/> [ACCESSED 26 AUGUST 2021].

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CARTER, S. SHAUN TALKS AT UTS ON THE FUTURE OF THE PROFESSION (5): (CARTER, 2015) BIBLIOGRAPHY: CARTER, S., 2015. SHAUN TALKS AT UTS ON THE FUTURE OF THE PROFESSION. [ONLINE] CARTER WILLIAMSON ARCHITECTS. AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://WWW.CARTERWILLIAMSON.COM/2015/05/SHAUN-TALKS-AT-UTS-ON-THE-FUTURE-OF-THE-PROFESSION/> [ACCESSED 26 AUGUST 2021]. CAPABILITY - CARTER WILLIAMSON ARCHITECTS (6): (CAPABILITY - CARTER WILLIAMSON ARCHITECTS, N.D.) BIBLIOGRAPHY: CARTER WILLIAMSON ARCHITECTS. N.D. CAPABILITY - CARTER WILLIAMSON ARCHITECTS. [ONLINE] AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://WWW.CARTERWILLIAMSON.COM/ABOUT/CAPABILITY/> [ACCESSED 26 AUGUST 2021]. (7) ( STUDIO| OLI ARCHITECTURE, NEW YORK, USA) BIBLIOGRAPHY: OKAMOTO, H. AND LIN, B., 2021. OLI ARCHITECTURE | HOME. [ONLINE] OLI ARCHITECTURE. AVAILABLE AT: <HTTP://WWW.OLIARCH.COM/EN/HOME> [ACCESSED 25 AUGUST 2021]. (8) ( WEBSITE | THE TRUE PLAY FOUNDATION, ZHANGWU, ANJI COUNTY, 2021) BIBLIOGRAPHY: THE TRUE PLAY FOUNDATION. 2021. RESEARCH CENTER — THE TRUE PLAY FOUNDATION. [ONLINE] AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://WWW.TRUEPLAYFOUNDATION.ORG/CENTER> [ACCESSED 7 AUGUST 2021]. (9) ( BOOK | ARCHITECT AFTER ARCHITECTURE 2021 ) BIBLIOGRAPHY: HARRRISS, H., HYDE, R. AND MARCACCIO, R., 2021. ARCHITECT AFTER ARCHITECTURE. 1ST ED. NEW YORK: ROUTLEDGE. SPACE10 AND EFFEKT DEVELOP SUBSCRIPTION-BASED HOUSING WHERE YOU SHARE WITH YOUR NEIGHBOURS (10)(POWNALL, 2019) BIBLIOGRAPHY: POWNALL, A., 2019. SPACE10 AND EFFEKT DEVELOP SUBSCRIPTION-BASED HOUSING WHERE YOU SHARE WITH YOUR NEIGHBOURS. [ONLINE] DEZEEN. AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://WWW.DEZEEN.COM/2019/06/04/URBAN-VILLAGE-PROJECT-SPACE10-EFFEKT-SUSTAINABLE-DESIGN-BUILT-ENVIRONMENT/> [ACCESSED 20 AUGUST 2021]. (11): ( STUDIO EFFEKT, N.D.) BIBLIOGRAPHY: EFFEKT. N.D. EFFEKT. [ONLINE] AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://WWW.EFFEKT.DK/> [ACCESSED 22 AUGUST 2021]. ZEIGER, M. INTERBORO PARTNERS, BROOKLYN, N.Y. (12) (ZEIGER, 2021) BIBLIOGRAPHY: ZEIGER, M., 2021. INTERBORO PARTNERS, BROOKLYN, N.Y.. [ONLINE] ARCHITECT. AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://WWW.ARCHITECTMAGAZINE.COM/DESIGN/URBANISMPLANNING/INTERBORO-PARTNERS-BROOKLYN-NY_O> [ACCESSED 26 AUGUST 2021].

CAMPAU / DAVISON / BANGLATOWN NEIGHBORHOOD FRAMEWORK PLAN (13): (CAMPAU / DAVISON / BANGLATOWN NEIGHBORHOOD FRAMEWORK PLAN, 2021) BIBLIOGRAPHY: INTERBOROPARTNERS.COM. 2021. CAMPAU / DAVISON / BANGLATOWN NEIGHBORHOOD FRAMEWORK PLAN. [ONLINE] AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://WWW.INTERBOROPARTNERS.COM/PROJECTS/CAMPAU-DAVISON-BANGLATOWN> [ACCESSED 26 AUGUST 2021]. PROJECTS (14): (PROJECTS, 2021) YOUR BIBLIOGRAPHY: INTERBOROPARTNERS.COM. 2021. PROJECTS. [ONLINE] AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://WWW.INTERBOROPARTNERS.COM/SEARCH/PROJECTS> [ACCESSED 26 AUGUST 2021]. (15) ( STUDIO| NENDO, AKASAKA, MINATO-KU, TOKYO JAPAN ) BIBLIOGRAPHY: SATO, O., 2021. EPOS. [ONLINE] NENDO. AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://WWW.NENDO.JP/EN/GENRE/E-GRAPHIC/> [ACCESSED 25 AUGUST 2021]. (16) ( INTERVIEW| NENDO: THE JAPANESE STUDIO MAKING DESIGN FUN AGAIN , 2015 ) BIBLIOGRAPHY: MATTHEW PONSFORD, C., 2021. NENDO: THE JAPANESE STUDIO MAKING DESIGN FUN AGAIN. [ONLINE] CNN. AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://EDITION.CNN.COM/STYLE/ARTICLE/OKI-SATO-NENDO-DESIGN/INDEX.HTML> [ACCESSED 14 AUGUST 2021]. (17) ( WEBSITE | NENDO DIVISARE, 2021) BIBLIOGRAPHY: DIVISARE.COM. 2021. NENDO · DIVISARE. [ONLINE] AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://DIVISARE.COM/AUTHORS/2144741178-NENDO?PAGE=4> [ACCESSED 9 AUGUST 2021]. LIAM YOUNG (18) (YOUNG, N.D.) BIBLIOGRAPHY: YOUNG, L., N.D. LIAM YOUNG. [ONLINE] LIAMYOUNG.ORG. AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://LIAMYOUNG.ORG/> [ACCESSED 12 AUGUST 2021]. WHAT IS SPECULATIVE ARCHITECTURE? FAQ BY LIAM YOUNG (19) (WHAT IS SPECULATIVE ARCHITECTURE? FAQ BY LIAM YOUNG, 2017) BIBLIOGRAPHY: STRELKA MAG. 2017. WHAT IS SPECULATIVE ARCHITECTURE? FAQ BY LIAM YOUNG. [ONLINE] AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://STRELKAMAG.COM/EN/ARTICLE/WHATIS-SPECULATIVE-ARCHITECTURE> [ACCESSED 26 AUGUST 2021].

ARCHITECHIE — ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY (22): (ARCHITECHIE — ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2021) BIBLIOGRAPHY: ARCHITECHIE.ORG. 2021. ARCHITECHIE — ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY. [ONLINE] AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://ARCHITECHIE.ORG/> [ACCESSED 26 AUGUST 2021]. HUDELSON, B. ARCHITECHIES (23): (HUDELSON, 2016) BIBLIOGRAPHY: HUDELSON, B., 2016. ARCHITECHIES. [ONLINE] MEDIUM. AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://MEDIUM.COM/DAYONE-A-NEW-PERSPECTIVE/ARCHITECHIES4E061E235DE1> [ACCESSED 26 AUGUST 2021]. FREDRICK, M. 101 THINGS I LEARNT IN ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL (24): (FREDERICK, 200) BIBLIOGRAPHY: FREDERICK, M., 2007. 101 THINGS I LEARNT IN ARCHITECTURAL SCHOOL. 1ST ED. CHINA: MIT PRESS, P.94.

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(20) (STUDIO| WAI ARCHITECTURE THINK TANK - BRUSSELS, BELGUIM ) BIBLIOGRAPHY: RICAN, P. AND GARCIA, C., 2021. WAI THINK TANK. [ONLINE] WAITHINKTANK.COM. AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://WAITHINKTANK.COM/> [ACCESSED 25 AUGUST 2021]. (21) (WEBSITE| THE FUNAMBULIST MAGAZINE, 2021 ) BIBLIOGRAPHY: THE FUNAMBULIST MAGAZINE. 2021. WAI ARCHITECTURE THINK TANK. [ONLINE] AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://THEFUNAMBULIST.NET/NETWORK/WAIARCHITECTURE-THINK-TANK> [ACCESSED 9 AUGUST 2021].

Architectural Practice Report 2021

J A M E S SN A M EL L IT

S A R A

L E A H C A R

R Y L A N

J A C K S O N