[IN] TANGIBLE Selected Works 2014-2020
RUI ZHANG Apply for Architectural Design MArch
PROLOGUE I am found of architecture as much as I love documentary photography. The two have a mutually reinforcing effect on me. The real story behind the documentary photography and the complex social phenomena have prompted me to think about the social relationships and cognitive perspectives behind architecture. Therefore, the complicated and abundant society in which architecture is located has inspired me to think from the way of documentary photography. For documentary photography, the content of the photo has determined at the moment of shooting; but the author's narration of the photo gives us a new perspective to understand the development. The photo is a vessel, and it is also outputs and expresses beyond its form. For architecture, its form, structure, and materials have been determined once the construction is completed. However, the architects make us focus on the issues behind the site through the narrative of the conflict of history, social issues and culture in the early research; it also causes us to think about the problem itself while expressing logic.
CONTENTS 2048 ·S·F·H·D -A New Urban Recycling System
01
Plug-in Office -Maker Workstation
13
Change and Reshape - Vegetable Market Update
23
Commercial in Residential - High-Rise Residence
31
Other Works & CV - Weaving Bridge
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2048 ·S·F·H·D
-[A new urban recycling system focusing on the life of scavengers ] S:Scavenger F:Flip H:Hostel D:Device Individual Work Instructor: Li Rui Site: Beijing Date:October 6, 2018
How to deal with garbage has always been a great concern for resource integration in the urban area of China. While recycling is under little control, and the number of urban residents is boosting, those who are driven from countryside or outskirt to cities in order to make a better living, but appear unlikely to find decent jobs since they have no technological background or little connection, have been taking advantage of that ‘grey’ area. Intended to make profits, scavengers have also made up for the headache and contributed to the city as a whole. However, a complete system of operation and regulation is still in absence, and those people received little, or even no respect from the society, which indicates that what we are facing now is more than a problematic institution, but a trickier issue about interpersonal relationship, or to articulate it in another way, about human. 01
02
Trend Analysis
Demand Analysis People’s Livelihood: Proposed by Sun Yat-sen in 1924, the term bears the main meaning that ‘to do what you should do, then you will get all our basic demands, including clothing, housing, food, and transportation, satisfied’. However, while playing an important role in recource recycling and contributing to the city as a whole, scavengers are also supporting themselves with their own hands, so that to some extent they deseve respect from others. Then the question is what their basic demands are?
Those migrating to cities become scavengers who sustain the livelihood by collecting recyclable wastes.
In 2008 when the Olympic Games was hosted in China, a large number of scavengers were driven out of Beijing by Chinese government in order to maintain a desirable appearance of the city.
When real business was seriously hit by Internet economies in 2012, and massive new industries thus experiencing a fast development, many waste-pickers turned to delivery business.
Cyclic System Analysis
But the good times did not last for long. Absence of recycling system and reduction in the number of ‘recyclers’ motivated citizens to hold the government accountable. No one knows where those recyclables are to be disposed of.
The effect of implementing waste sorting after 2017 is not good. There is no legal restriction. Less and fewer people are sorting waste, and the task of garbage sorting is likely to be left only by scavengers.
Residence Analysis
Among the four types of accommodation, to sleep at bus stops carries the least contact with others, and does not prevent those facilities from performing ordinary functions.
Type of Residence Analysis
The problem of municipal waste has become increasingly serious in China as a result of its rapid development. Scavengers, or recyclers, have constituted a significant part of the urban circulation system, the existence of which can to a large extent improve the efficiency and the rate of garbage recycling. What they are ‘rewarded’, however, is nothing more than discrimination, indifference, and undesirable living condition. That is why I am working to solve some of their problems, reduce discrimination from the society for them, and render them aware of how much they have contributed to the urban circulation system.
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04
Functional Analysis
Site Analysis
M
Concept
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06
S·F·H·D 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
Process Analysis
Reversible solar panels Prefabricated solar panels Sensory folded plates Stretching pillars Compressible bench Prefabricated baseboards Connections between prefabricated boards Rotating shafts Rotating shafts Motor
6:30A.M. The bus stop starts to work at 6: 30 a.m. when the earliest bus arrives.
9:30P.M. Bus stations are compressed at the time of 9 p.m.
9:32P.M. After the rotation residential units are woke up.
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Connections between prefabricated boards Prefabricated baseboards Compressed state column Compressed folded plates Prefabricated glass Open-able top plates Connecting rods and accessories UAV
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9:30A.M. To unfold solar panels.
12:00A.M. Solar panels rotate according to the angle of sunlight.
4:30P.M.
2:30P.M.
Solar panels rotate according to the angle of sunlight.
When there is need to use toilet the facility can be triggered through contact panels.
9:35P.M.
9:40A.M.
Rise of residential units.
People can get free accommodation and food by putting stuff into recycling boxes
6:25A.M.
6:20A.M.
10:00P.M.
Bus stations are reversed upwards through relevant facilities.
Residential units are compressed again at 6:20 a. m. next morning.
Recyclables are transported by UAV to recycling sites nearby.
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09
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For scavengers, their basic demands can be satisfied once that device is adopted, especially their demand for safety, the security of which has always been absent. For cities, only slight changes are made to the spot-distribution of bus stations, thus to activate the circulation in urban area and get recycling stations scatted in the city fully connected. That will also promote the recycling rate, and scavengers will figure out what they are living for and their value, and finally obtain dignity and respect.
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12
Plug-in office
-[Maker workstation]
Individual work
Instructor:Xiaojuan Wang Site: Beijing Date:July 15, 2017
The rapid development of China has stimulated not only its economy but also the construction industry dramatically. Before any specific development goal is set, buildings are just spreading like virus, living capital monuments one after another standing in cities and pointing straightly into the key. Height seems to be synonymous with capital, while in the meantime skyscrapers are encroaching on the land slowly. That is not uncommon in the capital city of China either. The tremendous increase in the number of constructions has made it more expensive to build architecture of new types, and placed a great burden on younger generations, for what we need now are not ‘more buildings’, but flexible ones that can meet ever-changing demands.
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Urban change
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Since the reform and opening up, Beijing has experienced an explosive growth featuring an increasingly high density of architecture in amazing height, and the booming land price. The rapid expansion is about to fill up the capital city, so that migrant workers who are still flowing to Beijing have little choice but to put up with the high housing price. From that perspective, since to build new architecture is already too costly, making better use of the façade of old ones seems rather feasible.
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Concept
The school of metabolism believes that neither city nor architecture is static, and that the process has to be dynamic like biological metabolism. Therefore, the concept of time should be introduced to the construction of cities and buildings, which means to determine the cycle of each element, hereby to install devices with longer cycle with movable and short-term ones. That is a symbiotic and evolving relationship.
Frame
Different facade sizes with different prefabricated frames
Floor
Joining a slab and greening without a manufacturer can form a three-dimensional park in the city.
City Replacement Analysis
As there are many oldfashioned buildings in Beijing, architectural devices can be attached to their façade that receives little daylight.
old-fashioned complexes. Since complexes require little sunlight, devices can be attached to their facades.
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old-fashioned office buildings are comparatively regular in size, so that devices can be attached to their East and West facades that receive little daylight.
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Box
Through the joining of M a k e r, t h e f u n c t i o n i s also transformed from a vertical park into a maker workstation.vertical park into a maker workstation.
Floor Explosion
Structural Analysis
[6 floor]
[5 floor]
[4 floor]
[3 floor]
[2 floor]
[1 floor]
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Composition Analysis
Future Development
Single Unit The size of a single unit is 3M * 3M can provide 1-2 personal office, this is one of the smallest office units
Basic unit
1
2
3
4
Two Units The size of the two units is 6M * 3M, which can provide office for 3-4 people. This is the smallest combination office unit.
Basic unit
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6
7
8
9
10
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Relationship The relationship between this device and the building in the city is like the relationship between the parasite and the host, which grows and metabolizes as demand grows.
1+1>2 A single unit and two units can be combined to form more complex combination units, which can provide 4-5 personal offices and more complex office models, and this combination is endless.
+ Basic unit
Basic unit
1+ 7
2+ 6
1+ 9
2+ 9
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3+ 8
1+ 8
4 + 10
1 + 12
These devices can be given new features as the next phase of the city begins to update.
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Change and Reshape
-[Vegetable market updateupdate]
Individual work
Instructor:Xing Li Site: Yiyang Hunan Date:May 28, 2018
The vegetable market itself is a place of living, but a large number of vegetable markets have been demolished and renovated with the development of the Internet, the rise of E-commerce and the construction of a large amount of commercial complex,followed by not only the vegetable market, but also the life of ordinary citizens in the vegetable market. The same is true for the vegetable market in Yiyang city, Hunan province. The reconstruction is not only to complement the functions of the vegetable market, but also the reconstruction of residents' social relations.
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Crowd Analysis
Location Site in Yiyang, Hunan, China
Current Sitution Around the site are many residential buildings, but commercial buildings in the surroundings have deprived residents of public and social space.
Site Problems
Spatial Mixing Demand
The satisfactory traffic condition on the main road, along with commercial buildings standing around will surely attract buyers from other regions. However, there is no space suitable for both groups of people to conduct their lives. Residents do not have their own place to rest, and the greening there is far from enough, letting alone the single function of original buildings.
construction of new architecture should be free from regional division, hereby to further free various behaviors from different restrictions.
Building Strategy Intended to increase the possibility of social contact, the project is about how to design an architecture where regular residents and consumers can come into contact, and thus to encourage various behaviors and break the boundary between functions. In that sense, sales will reconcile other kinds of social activities.
Generation Analysis
Site enclosure
25
Scatter shops across the site
Connect different store groups
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Join trees to generate public spaces around trees and shops
Provide cover
A-A Sectional Perspective
Ground Floor Plan
Detail Drawing
400 mm steel profile frame (HEB 400)
A
foot plate, steel
Sandwich panel on upper roof surface (2000/6000 mm): steel point supports 3 mm stainless steel sheet, shot peened 20 mm XPS rigid foam 2 mm stainless steel
Rigid hinge point
3 mm welded steel sheeting with polyurethane coating 30 mm rigid-foam insulation between 5/75 mm steel flats 15/45 mm battens point fixed with 50/50/6 mm steel angles 9.5 mm plasterboard
double glazing in wood frame 2≈ 5 mm toughened glass 15 mm cavity
A
20mm wooden plate
steel profile board, welded of 150/10 mm steel flats, 10mm steel flats
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Indoor Rendering 1
Indoor Rendering 2
The interplay of various behavioral functions makes the space no longer single, and the purposeless occurrence creates a new opportunity for social interaction.
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Commercial in Residential -[High-rise residence]
Individual work
Instructor:Doudou Tang Site: Sham ShuiPo Hong Kong Date:January 25, 2019 The housing problem is becoming increasingly serious in China's urbanization. For housing problems, the usual method is to provide cheap housing or transform shanty towns into high-rise buildings. By increasing the number of dwellings became the majority of the solution. This phenomenon also exists in Sham Shui Po, Hong Kong, where 5-6 people live in a house, each person has an area smaller than the toilet that everyone lives in a coffin-sized room. As researching, we can realize that people living here not only cannot afford high rents rate, but also rely on government relief, and they have no stable source of income. The problem is that no matter how the number of houses increases, they can only live in smaller and smaller rooms. The problem I want to explore is the housing in the very small size of Hong Kong that provides shops + houses + public space. As proving the house, funds for the residents through snacks and handmade food in the shops are also provided. The public space not only serves high-rise residences, but also serves the entire block.
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Hong Kong Housing History 1953
1954
Shek Kip Mei fire
1841
《Nanjing Agreement》
The fire took 6 hours to come under control, resulting in 3 deaths and 51 injuries, burning 2,580 wooden huts, and totaling 58,203 people in more than 12,000 families became homeless.
Resettlement housing The building is "H"-shaped, with a height of only 5 to 7 floors, and each unit is about 10 to 20 square meters in size. There is no separate toilet and kitchen.
Many people from the Taiping Rebellion took refuge in Hong Kong.
As the number of people in Hong Kong has increased, the government has decided 1900 t o t a k e r e c l a m a t i o n t o Reclamation expand land.
1997
Home Ownership Scheme
It provides home ownership options other than private housing for citizens whose income is not enough to buy private housing.
It means affordable housing for lower-middle income Low-rent housing families.
1967
Crowd Analysis
Sham ShuiPo 25.8%
Very poor Poor Rich Non-poor
Hong Kong poverty rate map
women/men
69%/100%
30-40age/other
50%/100%
single/married
21%/100%
no job/job
60%/100%
low education
50%/100%
The most important thing for the crowd here is that there is no stable source of funds to rent and live.
Spatial Analysis Of Residential Prototype
In the project site is a high-density residential area but the lack of public space around it is extremely lacking, which is also the general situation in Hong Kong. However, it is also a wellknown commercial street around the project site, with its own unique shops selling snacks and handiworks.
For citizens whose income is not enough to buy private housing, provide home ownership options other than private housing.For citizens whose income is not enough to buy private housing, provide home ownership options other than private housing.
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Demand Analysis
Roof garden+Residence+Shop
Party room+Residence+Shop
20-22Floor
17-19Floor
Sports facilities+Residence+Shop+Library 12-16Floor
Residence+Shop+Residence 9-11Floor
Residence+Cafe+Shop
Gym+Residence+Shop+Public utilities
6-8Floor
1-5Floor
INTERACTION
The separate operation of business will be singular and tedious. When residents' houses and public spaces are added, businesses will enter a new cycle.The richness of each scene is enhanced, and it is equally important in Hong Kong of high-density residential.
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22Floor
21Floor
20Floor
19Floor
18Floor
17Floor
11Floor
10Floor
9Floor
8Floor
7Floor
6Floor 2
Walking System
For ordinary high-rise residences in Hong Kong, the complexity of the transportation system provides possibility by the change in area of each floor. The staircase system detached from the core can enrich the organizational change of the space in a small area. It also makes it possible for various behaviors to occur.
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12×12
4
6M
12 × 12 is the small size of the house in any place, which is a common size in Sham Shui Po, Hong Kong; therefore, the size in the design is floating within 12 meters that provides rich variations while matching the size of the house, making the space rich and complex. This complexity also provides a level of tolerance for the site.
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Small Scene Rendering
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Open-air Cinema Open-air cinema provides social networking that anyone can participate in, while creating common topics among neighbors.
Rock Climbing Rock climbing can exercise the body, in a specific group of people can attract the same preferences to socialize.
Sports Facilities The existence of sports facilities can strengthen the body, and at the same time, this space also has the possibility of various behaviors.
Public Space Public space is not only a place to provide recreation throughout the building, but also to enrich the composition of the space.
Residence In a very small size, let the residence and the shops overlap, so that it can meet both the needs of survival and the needs of life
Shop The profit of the shop can not only pay the rent, but also make the life of the residents better.
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Weaving Bridge
Team work Instructor:Tao Yu Date:January 15, 2016
Curriculum Vitae
CONTACT Tel: +86 18773772732 Email: zhangrui2019uk@163.com
EDUCATION
Along the River During the Qingming Festival[ 清明上河图（张择端）]
Programme: Architecture Bachelor Degree to be awarded in June 2019
Project Requirements
Make a 15 cm bridge in 15 minutes with straw and tape. Select the heaviest and most beautiful one as rewarded. The work won the prize of most attractive.
EXPERIENCE
Woven Wooden Arch Bridge[ 编木拱桥 ]
The construction technique of the Chinese woven wooden arch bridge is to use log materials with traditional wooden construction tools and manual techniques, and use core technologies such as "beam fabrication" to connect and construct a very stable arch bridge technology system.
DESIGN ACTIVITIES
②
③
Participated in the Beijing VO Architecture Competition
06/2017
Took part in Evolo Skyscraper Contest in Tongji University
01/2018
TEAMZERO Award Architecture Student Design Competition
07/2017
Topic:Awakening the perception of the place 2-people group work My role:design,model and drawing
Ti'anhua Cup ART&TECH National Architectural Design Contest
12/2017
Topic:Maker Space 3-people group work My role:design,model and drawing
Process Analysis ①
09/2014-06/2019
Hunan City University
④
EVOLO Skyscraper Competition
01/2018
Topic:Cambodia Disease Control Tower 4-people group work My role:design,model and drawing
Ti'anhua Cup ART&TECH National Architectural Design Contest
12/2018
Topic:The Place 2048 Individual work Third Prize
Reciprocal Frame Structure[ 互承结构 ]
The wooden arcade bridge is formed by intersecting beams to form an arch bridge. It is supported on the rocks on both sides. The base is composed of dozens of large round logs spliced vertically and horizontally to form an "Chinese character eight-shaped structure". There is no nails and rivets applied, but it is cleverly overlapped by its own strength, friction, diameter, angle, and horizontal distance as simple structure, but strong and unusual.
HONORS
Model Photos
SKILLS
Bottom
Front
Top
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Excellent Organizer of Welcome Party for Freshmen
2015
Outstanding Intern of Urban Cognition Practice
2016
Third Prize of The Third “Tianhua Cup” ART&TECH National College Students Architecture Design Competition
2018
Adobe Creative Suite（PS,AI,ID),Rhino,AutoCAD,VRay,Revit. lumion,Grasshopper,Sketchup,Maxwell.
Light and shadow
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I patted my clothes and thought about it, anyhow, I was the one who was shrouded in them anyway; they went first, and I packed the playing cards that fell from the pocket while they fled away. I was always running among them but never thought that the wind resistance would be reduced a little bit. They just smashed through every high wall that I might hit, dropped every gap I might fall into, and then they told me, there is nothing wrong with this road. Go ahead. -<1988 I want to talk to the world> HanHan（韩寒）
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Email: zhangrui2019uk@163.com Tel: (+86) 18773772732