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T H104 E ROYA L TA N K R EGIMENT JOURN L Vol: No:A812 2022

T H E ROYA L TA N K R E G I M E N T J O U R N A L 1

Editor: Major Rory McCullough Assistant Editor: Jane Devine Accountant: Gill McManus

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L-R Major MPN Bonner, Lt Col SP Worth, WO1 (RSM) J Williamson, Capt TL Lord-sallenave

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CONTENTS Forewords Colonel Commandant Royal Tank Regiment Notes From The Commanding Officer Serving Regiment Squadron Updates Officers' Mess Update Warrant Officers’ and Sergeants’ Mess Update Pipes and Drums Update Support Hub Update Affiliations The Royal Wessex Yeomanry 1st Armoured Regiment, Australian Army HMS Kent – Royal Navy Special Features Regimental Parade Cambrai 105 Articles A Very Russian History: How Russia Justifies the Road to War in Ukraine Lessons from the conflict in Ukraine: What we can learn from Ukraine’s ability to fight the delaying battle Ukrainian Successes with Anti-Tank Weapons and the Future of Heavy Armour The Dangers of Obstacle Crossings: Siverskyi Donets River Viral War: The use of social media in the invasion of Ukraine Adventurous Training & Sport Sports Updates Historical Articles The Third Battalion, Royal Tank Regiment in the Western Desert, June-July 1942 Kursk – Eighty Years on Home Headquarters and The Association Home Headquarters Notes Timothy Allan (Tim) CBE DL 100th Birthday Celebrations for Colonel Christopher Hutchinson Challenger 2 Gunner's Sights Sergeant Ronald Essex Memorial Bench Branches and Secretaries of the RTR Association Branch Updates Record of Deaths Obituaries

2 3 4 16 18 19 21 22 24 26 33 36 40 42 45 46 47 49 55 61 65 66 67 68 70 72 73 86 87

FOREWORD COLONEL COMMANDANT, THE ROYAL TANK REGIMENT Brigadier GJ Thompson (late RTR) Welcome to this year’s Tank Journal, publication of which was delayed to permit the inclusion of the 105th commemorations in Cambrai. One hundred and five years after that battle and 104 years after the end of the war to end all wars, Great Power competition has returned to Europe. European security is being challenged, not through cyber and space but in the land domain. The muddy trenches in Ukraine evoke images of the Somme. Dominance of industrial warfare, national capacity and security of supply, what World War 1 German generals called materialschlacht, could determine the outcome of war in Ukraine. Tanks, including perhaps the UK’s Challenger 2, joined by drones, are once again the currency of the land battles for territory in Europe. European security can no longer be taken for granted. I, for one, find little truth in vogue assertions that the battle for ideas has been replaced by geopolitics. In the same way, I find no truth in those who say that future contestation in the cyber and space domains will replace the land battle. History provides no evidence to support either thesis. On the contrary, history illustrates the need for eternal vigilance across all domains, ideas, territory, land and those new areas of contestation. Through 2021 and 2022, the Regiment made its contribution to the protection of the nation, our allies and friendly partners and deployed to Estonia to guard against Russian aggression on NATO’s Eastern flank. Between March 2021 and September 2022, close to 500 members of the Regiment deployed to Estonia. At its maximum the RTR Battle group exceeded 1300, formed from 22 units across the British Army. In May the Battle group operated in all three Baltic states and Poland. Two former Prime Ministers visited to review the Battle group. Its tour of duty was extended from six to nine months in order to double the size of the UK's contribution. The Royal Tank Regiment has been at the heart of the UK’s response to European security challenges. 2

Another momentous but sad event this year was the loss of our Colonel-in-Chief, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. Her Majesty took on the role of Colonel-in-Chief Royal Tank Regiment only 35 years after the Battle of Cambrai and held the role for 70 years, providing a valuable sense of continuity and purpose. Those that had the privilege to take part in her state funeral were a credit to the Regiment. We are now in a transitionary period between His Majesty the King’s accession and his coronation. In this period we are without a Colonelin-Chief. Despite this, we conveyed our customary loyal greetings to HM King on the occasions of the Battle of Cambrai. In reply the Royal Household sent its warm wishes to all of those commemorating the battle. Despite the pressures of the last year, the Regiment has remained committed to delivering a full sporting programme. Many of our officers and soldiers continue to excel; SSgt Forrester has represented England in Clay Shooting and Capt Matt Dewis has been selected to play hockey for the national team. The Regiment continues to provide a significant proportion of the RAC Rugby and Football teams. Following the COVID-induced frustrations of recent years, we are once again taking part in a full winter sports programme. In December, I visited the Nordic Team in Norway and by the time you read this, I am confident that they will be the RAC Champions again. The Regiment remains on the Challenger 2 platform which although now close to 25 years old, remains formidable and would outclass the vast majority of Russian tanks being fielded in Ukraine. The Regiment will upgrade to the new Challenger 3 tank in around 2027, possibly earlier. The upgrade involves a complete overhaul and a new turret, including a smoothbore gun. FALCON continue to offer world class specialist C-CBRN capability. Employed on the Fuchs platform, the squadron is at the beginning of a sustainment programme

Brigadier GJ Thompson, Colonel Commandant, The Royal Tank Regiment

that will modernise their fleet. They are at constant readiness and have deployed across the world in support of a variety of multinational forces. This year we were privileged to be able to exercise our freedom of Cambrai. Five hundred members and veterans of the Royal Tank Regiment played their parts in the parade in Cambrai. For the first time, the minute’s silence was marked coincidentally with those also exercising a unique honour, that which allows us to parade alone in London to commemorate the Regiment’s fallen. This honour was granted to the Royal Tank Regiment by Field Marshal Viscount Montgomery of Alamein who commanded the Armies that liberated North Africa and North Europe in 1944/45. I can think of no other Regiment that enjoys the opportunity to exercise such unique freedoms concurrently. By any standards, 2022 was a monumental year for the Regiment. The articles that follow will stand alongside the Cambrai 105 commemorative brochure to serve as an archive of a unique moment. Operationally and institutionally, the Regiment is in fine health.

SERVING REGIMENT NOTES FROM THE COMMANDING OFFICER Lieutenant Colonel SP Worth worry. And yet they were superb; resilient, full of good humour and professionally outstanding. They have rightly drawn praise from across Defence for the manner in which they responded to the challenge – older readers would certainly recognise the Tankie traits of which we are all so proud.

Lieutenant Colonel SP Worth, Commanding Officer, The Royal Tank Regiment

When I wrote these notes this time last year, the Regiment was still deployed in Estonia. The tour was going well but had been largely uneventful. The situation in Europe was tense but seemed stable. How quickly things change. I do not think it is unreasonable to suggest that the Regiment has experienced a quite extraordinary year. The tone of our tour changed markedly following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine – the atmosphere became far more tense and the importance of the Battle group’s role in European deterrence was brought into sharp focus. The most tangible consequence of the rapidly evolving strategic situation was, of course, the extension to our tour. The extension ended up lasting three months, but for most of the period our people did not know when they would return home. For our soldiers and their families this resulted in a period of considerable uncertainty and

The tour also offered a fantastic opportunity to train and provided resources at levels that have been absent for at least the last decade. A personal highlight was Ex HEDGEHOG, the last major training event of the tour. This high profile exercise involved six battlegroups fighting concurrently as part of a Brigade vs Brigade force-on-force, all conducted on public land. Although this was an experience that may resonate with those who served during the Cold War, for our generation it was a new and hugely rewarding experience. The Regiment’s Squadrons are sharp and justifiably confident of their ability. It would, of course, be quite wrong not to mention the contribution of all those who supported us during the deployment. The Rear Operations Group, in particular, were phenomenal throughout. The period following our return from Post Operational Tour Leave has been similarly frenetic. We were, of course, deeply saddened by the death of our Colonel-inChief and were determined to deliver our contribution to Her Majesty’s funeral at the very highest standard. My judgement is that we achieved that in spades. Our contingent was drawn primarily from CYCLOPS, led by Major Hamish Davison and Sgt Takel, and also included the Pipes and Drums. They were magnificent; I could not be any prouder of the manner in which they performed at a moment of such national significance. More broadly, FALCON continue to thrive under command of 28 Engineer Regiment and remain a vital element of Defence’s C-CBRN capability. Over the last year they have deployed on a range of exercises across the World and are always in high

demand. I am absolutely delighted that the Fuchs Sustain programme has now reached IOC enabling them to continue offering genuinely world class AS&R capability. Most recently, the Regiment has completed a hugely successful range period. I am not sure if achieving a 100% first time pass rate on the Annual Crew Test for Challenger 2 is a first, perhaps not, but it is certainly a rarity. Now that the Regiment has returned from operations I am keen that we strengthen links to the broader Regimental Family. I was absolutely delighted to welcome so many members of the Associations – and so many old friends – to our Regimental Parade. It was a terrific day that was enjoyed by representatives from across the RTR Family. We have already commenced planning a similar event for next year; I expect it to be a little different in structure but certainly similar in tone. We were also delighted to be able to participate in the celebrations in Cambrai, as ever it was an absolutely superb weekend. So what next? In the near term, the Regiment will deploy to Germany to validate as the Army’s Lead Armoured Battlegroup. It will be a hugely challenging exercise but one for which we are well prepared. Thereafter we will be held at readiness, stood by to do whatever the Army asks of us. So in summary I can reassure you that the Regiment is in excellent health. I cannot remember a time in recent years where we have been able to train so much in our core role. More broadly, the war in Ukraine has confirmed the relevance of armour on the modern battlefield. Consequently our capability is in high demand. The Regiment has experienced a challenging but hugely rewarding year and there is much to be proud of, but there is also much to be excited about as we look towards the future. It is a good time to be a Tankie. Fear Naught

AJAX UPDATE Major JCB Harding

the three weeks with a lot more knowledge and experience than when we had arrived in Germany.

AJAX competing in the Battlegroup tank pull

As I reflect on the last year from my office in Estonia it is clear to see AJAX has once again been at the centre of the action demonstrating on numerous occasions its ability as a dynamic and agile Squadron. In a year dominated by the invasion of Ukraine, AJAX has been at the heart of the response through their rapid and strategic force projection across Europe on Op IRON SURGE and latterly in Estonia on Op CABRIT 10. The journey began in early July 21 with AJAX beginning their pre deployment training. Moving away from covid testing the elderly and vulnerable in Cornwall, the Squadron now had a new unifying purpose to be “ready for war”. This began with some low-level Battle Craft Syllabus training exercises on Salisbury plain, refining both mounted and dismounted abilities. After the summer AJAX deployed to the littoral environment of Castlemartin. Four weeks of the finest weather November had to offer created some challenges for firing vehicles. Pushing through the 70 mph cross winds and endless rain the squadron was able to pass all 18 CR2’s to ATA standard. Train hard, fight easy they said. AJAX was lucky enough to see the lift on 120mm ammunition restrictions, allowing all crews to fire SHP and DST as well as 7.62mm. Once recovered from Castlemartin the squadron had 48hrs to turn itself around before being loaded back onto the buses this time heading to Germany. AJAX linked in with the 1 Royal Welsh Battlegroup for the 4

first time on Ex GOTHIC DRAGON. A one-week combined arms synthetic exercise which provided a great opportunity to integrate into the battlegroup and put into practice tactics and procedures we had been honing. AJAX then recovered back to Tidworth to draw breath before the real challenges started. On 7 January AJAX were bound for Germany once again. Little did we know how the next seven weeks would start to shape the rest of the year. Mission ready training came in the form of Ex TALLINN DAWN. After a week of vehicle take over, it was once more into the breach with two weeks of synthetic training. The next phase of the exercise would see the Battlegroup deployed to the Sennelager training area for two weeks of live fire tactical training and a week fitted with TES. The squadron rolled through the German grasslands like a well-oiled 70-ton machine. TES showed weakness and strengths of tactical actions drilled in the simulators and adjustments were made to account for the stresses and strains of real-life armoured manoeuvre. Overall the Squadron finished

However, all this time a storm had been brewing to the East. The geopolitical landscape had begun to shift, with Russia massing troops on the borders of Ukraine. Just moments before deploying on the final threeweek exercise the Battlegroup was gathered, and the reality of the situation was explained, and the most likely course of action now was the Battlegroup would now deploy directly to Estonia. Op IRON SURGE was born. However, Mission Ready Training was still the focus, so moments later AJAX mounted vehicles and deployed to the soggy Plains of Sennelager training area. The weeks following consisted of highly complex combined arms live fire training, rain and an uncanny ability to eat rice three times a day. Op IRON SURGE took place in the middle of February. This saw four crews being pulled off the final exercise, along with a number of warriors and support vehicles to be rapidly deployed to Estonia to increase the NATO presence on the Russian border. Vehicles were loaded onto HETs and began the 12-day long journey through East Germany, Poland and up through the Baltics to arrive in a very cold Estonia one month earlier than expected. The remainder of AJAX pushed through to finish the final test exercise of Mission Ready Training before conducting a quick handover and a five day pit stop in the UK before flying out to Estonia. The weeks that followed were a flurry of activity, taking over vehicles and responsibility for the area of operations as the EFP Battlegroup. Ex BOLD DRAGON was first up and saw us take on the 1st Estonian brigade with elements of the RTR Battlegroup attached. This allowed for force-on-force training and a chance to see just how boggy the central training area could get. Next was Exercise HEDGEHOG, the largest exercise undertaken by NATO forces in the Baltic region for several years. 15,000 troops from 14 countries took to the streets and towns of southern Estonia. Working amongst

the local population and rolling heavy armour through their back gardens provided unique training many people had not experienced before, this was combined arms at its finest, in real-world terrain. A10 Warthogs and Typhoons circled above providing ISTAR feeds and red air. AJAX was broken down into combat teams and rolled confidently through the urban areas, in close conjunction with dismounted infantry to provide a base of fire and anti-armour capability. Learning how to manoeuvre armoured vehicles in l arge complex urban areas was valuable training for all. After Ex HEDGEHOG, the Squadron settled into a steady stream of smaller exercises in support of the Battlegroup; the first of which was a week-long combined arms live firing package in Latvia. A Troop of tanks was sent from AJAX to support snipers, WARRIORS, AS90s and the mortar platoon as well as dismounted troops. After this the Squadron provided Troops of tanks for two separate French anti tank exercises. Additionally, AJAX developed its camouflage, concealment and deception techniques against a highly capable OPFOR playing a large scale game of hide and seek with the French. Finally, the Battlegroup deployed one last time training our ability to fight at night, setting us up for success during Combat Ready Training next year.

AJAX on Op CABRIT 10

It wasn’t all work, away from the field exercises the Squadron kept its self-busy by organising and partaking in a number of sporting events, finding our niche as tug of war experts. This culminated in a Battlegroup tank pull with 100 people pulling a tank 100m in just 1 min 38 seconds, breaking the previous record held by the KRH. Further to this, AJAX was keen to volunteer for any and all additional physical activities, including marathons, triathlons and several international endurance challenges organised by the Danish, Estonians, French and Latvians. The Squadron now prepares itself for some much-earned rest after 9 months away from the UK. Once back, 2023 looks set to be another busy year, with a return to Castlemartin and Germany for Combat Ready Training.

AJAX exercising in the snow on Ex TALLINN DAWN

BADGER UPDATE Major RLJ McCullough BADGER Squadron returned from Estonia just before the last edition of Tank went to press. Having handed over our Challenger 2 Fleet to DREADNAUGHT, we returned back to the UK for some much-needed R&R and a change in focus from operations back to training. The main focus of the first part of the year was to reintegrate the Squadron back into the Regimental fold, having been detached and working with the 1 MERCIAN Battle group for the best part of a year. To do this we have focussed on career courses, adventurous training and seizing any opportunity to conduct mounted or dismounted training. SSgt Hogan has been the Squadron lead for adventurous training. By hook or crook, through his efforts, nearly 80% of the Squadron have completed some form of Adventurous Training this year. Caving was certainly challenging but the summer mountaineering course in Scotland that required crampons remains the highlight! Keen to sharpen our dismounted skills, Lt Saville planned and executed a series of superb patrol competitions on Salisbury plain and at Sandhurst. Testing not only the soldiers fitness and shooting skills; each checkpoint on the route had a stand which tested the teams ability across a range of military skills from communications, problem solving and casualty evacuation. The Squadron has had a busy year supporting wider Army tasks including support to the Anti-Tank Cadre and the efforts to train the Ukrainian Armed Forces. All of these tasks presented an amazing opportunity to get out on tanks and conduct low level training, building on the skills that we learnt in Estonia. The Squadron has hosted a number of visits including HMS Kent and PJHQ. In return, HMS Kent kindly took a number of officers and soldiers to sea during a training exercise. The BADGER team formed a firm opinion that tracks are infinitely more preferable to waves! HMS Vigilant also kindly hosted the Squadron in Garelochhead and we look forward to extending these affiliations further. Members of the Squadron deployed to support the North-Wales Ambulance service through the Summer. The task was demanding and required skill, patience, and fortitude, particularly as they attended some horrific scenes. Cpl Adama and LCpl Gates performed superbly and represented the very best of the Regiment. The RTR Battlegroup returned from post tour leave in September and immediately set to work preparing for Combat Ready Training

BADGER Patrols Competition

(CRT) in the New Year. BADGER will support the Battlegroup by providing a formed Troop to both CYCLOPS and DREADNAUGHT. To do this, 4 and 5 Troop have fired at Castle Martin ranges and become completely integrated with their paired Squadrons. Of particular note was Lt Sam Gibbs’ crew who achieved top crew on the CYCLOPS range. An outstanding effort. A further Troop will support AJAX when they undertake CRT with the 1 Royal Welsh Battle group in the Summer. To facilitate the RTR Battle group’s training and ensure that they are properly tested prior to CRT, BADGER has stood up a dedicated OPFOR Troop. Lt Saville and 2Lt Lamb have spent the Autumn learning what lessons they could take from Ukraine, studying Russian tactics and practising these skills on a series of simulated and dismounted exercises. The

Troop deployed complete in blue uniforms onto a very chilly Salisbury plain and pitted their wits against DREADNAUGHT and C Company, 1 Royal Welsh. A dedicated and wellresourced enemy added huge richness to the exercise, and it is something that the RTR will continue into the new year. At the end of the year, the Squadron said goodbye to a number of personalities. WO2 Fawkes left for ARMCEN, SSgt Hogan who was posted on promotion to the RWxY, Capt Hornblower who is now the RTR representative at Sandhurst and SSgt Lambe who retired from the Army having given over 20 years of exceptional service. We wish them all well. 2023 will be a busy year for the Squadron. However, I’m confident that as always, we will rise to the challenge.

BADGER supporting the training of the Ukranian Armed Forces

5 Tp on Castlemartin ranges

BADGER conducting conceptual training

CYCLOPS UPDATE Major HL Davison 2022 has definitely been a year of two halves! The first six months of the year saw CYCLOPS holding the fort in Tidworth as the Rear Operations Group (ROG), whilst the remainder of the Regiment was deployed in Estonia.

also the local water mains in Amesbury, cutting off water to over twenty houses.

Major Andy Pilsworth and Capt Finch-Pawley leading the CYCLOPS marching detachment at the Queen’s Platinum Jubilee

Major Andy Pilsworth said his farewell to the Squadron not long after the Parade in mid-

The second half of the year then started to heat up, with CYCLOPS having the honour of representing the Regiment at the Queen’s Platinum Jubilee in June 2022. As many of you will know, “Tankies” are not normally known for our impeccable drill or ceremonial pomp! Therefore, with great trepidation. Major Andy Pilsworth started the drill rehearsals for a celebration which would be watched by hundreds of millions of people around the world. Luckily, they had Sgt Chris Takel, the “human metronome” as the SNCO who quickly whipped the “drill squad” into shape. Due to our lack of Regimental ceremonial experience, the team had to learn how to burn down ammo boots via you tube videos and scramble around to find spurious items of ceremonial kit which most of them had never heard of before. However, the end product was impeccable, with many Guardsmen noting their surprise at the exceptional turn out and drill of the marching detachment on the day.

Whilst the ROG is a vitally important role, it unfortunately meant the Squadron was unable to conduct much of its own training during this period. However, the second half of the year has been very fast paced, with the Squadron representing the Regiment not only during the Queen’s Jubilee Pageant in June, but also Her Majesty’s Funeral Procession in September. In between these major events, the Squadron also deployed to Germany to the Combined Arms Tactical Trainer (CATT) and subsequently deployed to Castlemartin Ranges in October. One notable Squadron success in the first half of the year was the Brigade Operational Shooting Competition. This annual event tests the small arms competency of every unit in the Brigade. After an excellent build up package run by Lt Tristan Knight and Sgt Barratt at Lydd and Hythe, the CYCLOPS team deployed to conduct Live Fire Tactical Training on Dartmoor for final preparation. All this hard work paid off during the competition with the Squadron beating teams from various other units to come second overall. Trooper Cummings was almost too effective during the NLAW shoot when he managed to not only destroy the target, but

Members of CYCLOPS Squadron at Wewelsburg Castle in Germany, which was used as the SS Headquarters during World War 2

CYCLOPS Marching Detachment the night before Op LONDON BRIDGE

June and has now headed off to Defence Equipment and Support as a Chief of Staff. Captain Finch-Pawley, the Squadron 2IC has also now sadly left both the Squadron and the Army and is looking forward to new adventures in ‘civvie’ street! My first role as OC was in July, just as the Squadron relinquished the role of the ROG and had the difficult task of blowing out the tactical cobwebs during a deployment to the CATT simulators in Paderborn, Germany. This proved to be a valuable training experience, but also allowed the Squadron to finally experience some well-earned social time in the restaurants and bars of Paderborn, as well as visit some local historical sites.

concerned to hear the drill for the Sovereign’s Funeral Procession was so unique and complex even the Sandhurst Drill instructors were learning it on the go! However, the team quickly grasped the gravity of the occasion (an expected four billion people watching our every step!) and once again did the Regiment proud for what was a momentous occasion. After a considerable amount of drill, and some very sore feet, the Squadron was straight back onto Gunnery training and then off to Castlemartin Ranges. This is in preparation for

the Squadron going to operational readiness from October 2022. The Squadron is now looking forward to a busy few months prior to deploying on Ex IRON STORM in Germany in January 2023. It is here that all of the hard work and training of the last 12 months will be tested and validated. It has been a complex year for CYCLOPS, but due to the fantastic efforts of all in the Squadron they have ended on a real high. Hopefully 2023 will be just as interesting.

The Squadron also had notable successes on courses throughout the second half of the year. Trooper Tumalty managed a very impressive top place finish on the Pre-NCO course, with Trooper Hill not far behind in third place. Just as we started our gunnery training in the build up to Castlemartin Ranges, we heard the immensely sad news of the passing of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. Sgt Takel once again swung into action, and immediately began prepping the drill squad for what we hoped would be a similar ceremonial experience to the Jubilee. Upon arriving in Pirbright two days later, we were quite

CYCLOPS marching down the Mall during Her Majesty’s Funeral Procession

DREADNAUGHT UPDATE Major TSB Gill Under the command of Lt Birtle, the vast majority of the Squadron undertook a paint simulated round exercise in Nurisipalu, an abandoned Soviet missile base near the Southern city of Tartu. The exercise was designed to give the soldiers a run out in the urban environment in a force-on-force scenario. This again, allowed us to conduct training which is not as freely available in the UK.

A DREADNAUGHT Tank deployed on Ex HEDGEHOG in Estonia

A year of two halves. DREADNAUGHT has had a really busy year, the first half being dominated by Op CABRIT 9, the second half being the recovery from theatre and preparation for Ex IRON STORM in the early part of 2023. DREADNAUGHT was deployed on Op CABRIT 9 as part of the RTR Battle group. Held at readiness throughout, due to the invasion of Ukraine it was extended at short notice for a further three months. The Battle group was aligned to 1st Estonian Brigade and as a result, the Squadron had to familiarise itself with exercising as a combined arms combat team rather than a clean sub-unit. The Squadron conducted many exercises whilst deployed. All the exercises tested the Squadron in a variety of ways; fighting with foreign nations, manoeuvring across unfamiliar and demanding terrain, and using combat team tactics. The intense cold meant that everyone was constantly tested. Ex BOLD AXE, was a multi-national exercise on the Adazi training area near Riga, Latvia. It was conducted in three parts: firstly, Trooplevel training; followed by a Squadron forceon-force against the French subunit; and then culminated in a b Battle group forceon-force with eFP Latvia. The purpose of the exercise was to generate an opportunity for the combat team to train on an area which was conducive to armoured manoeuvre. Ex BOLD AXE also had a strategic aspect, demonstrating the ability to deploy and fight quickly and effectively, utilising multinational assets. 10

The Cold Weather Operators Course (CWOC) was mandatory for all soldiers who were to take part on Ex WINTER CAMP in the depths of a cold Estonian Winter. The course was led by Colour Sergeant Adams, a Royal Marines Mountain Leader. The course boosted the ability of armoured battle groups to live in cold weather and fight effectively, something that is key for a winter tour in Estonia. This exercise put soldiers out of their comfort zone. The course was in two phases; tactical and then survival, culminating with the infamous ice dip.

DREADNAUGHT Tanks firing in Latvia

Ex HEDGEHOG was the culmination of the tour and saw the RTR Battle group aligned to the 2nd Estonian Brigade. In all, 15,000 personnel took part in the exercise from 15 nations across NATO – the biggest exercise ever conducted in Estonia. The exercise was designed to mimic the invasion of southern Estonia and was carried out on private land, something which most soldiers within the Squadron have never experienced before. The exercise saw us deploy to the town of Sangaste where we conducted a delay from south to north facing off against regular Estonian units for a 48-hour period. This then moved into a 25 kilometre route march to a holding area where we would then be a counter attacking force against bridging sites over the Vaike Emajogi. We would wait to then be called forward to conduct a counter attack against the enemy’s most dangerous course of action. The exercise proved a real test of flexibility, exploitation and planning at all levels. This showed the enduring will to fight that has been persistent throughout the deployment.

took some much needed post operational tour and annual leave. A small kernel of new Troopers and those who hadn’t deployed for all of the CABRIT 9 stayed in camp to work on the vehicle fleet and prepare them for Castle Martin Ranges (CMR) in October.

DREADNAUGHT Tanks firing in Latvia

This was a once in a lifetime opportunity for the soldiers. Fighting against a peer-on-peer enemy across private land and roads which always had civilian traffic. Once deployed the new OC arrived (Major Theo Gill QRH), and the handover takeover started from Major Nick Stafford in the turret. Throughout the realistic nature of the exercise, and the War in Ukraine, brought home the realities of fighting in Europe. Op CABRIT 9 wasn’t all exercises and we had the opportunity to conduct a battlefield study across Narva and the Sillimae Hills. Narva, is a

large town that sits on the border with Russia, and the Sillimae Hills are a large area of key terrain 20 kilometres to the west. Following the battle in the footsteps of Panzer Leader Otto Von Carius, a Tiger Tank Troop Leader who commanded in WW2. We tracked his story from the securing of the Narva and Ivangorod bridgeheads to the delay through open areas surrounding Laagna, a small enclave to the west of Narva and finally the Sillimae hills. The recovery to Tidworth in June was keenly anticipated, and the vast majority immediately

September started fast and preparation for the Regimental Parade and CMR was all consuming. The deployment on CMR was a welcome change of pace to camp life and also allowed everyone to relax somewhat and focus on one thing – Gunnery. DREADNAUGHT achieved unprecedented scores on CMR with 100% first time pass rate being achieved and a spare crew being able to fire and pass first time as well. CMR also presented an opportunity for everyone to bond outside of work, and a couple of trips to the local area were made possible in some slack periods on the weekends. Upon completion of the highly successful range package, preparation for Ex HILDAS HAMMER was the next focus. This was to be a Battle group minus exercise to test DREADNAUGHT to the required level before deploying to Germany in 2023. The next year is currently planned to be another busy year with Ex IRON STORM in early 2023, for three months and then being held at readiness.

A DREADNAUGHT Tank seeking cover on Op CABRIT 9

EGYPT UPDATE Major W Brennan EGYPT has had another extremely busy year and it would be unwise of me to not kick this off with a huge thank you to our wives, husbands, children, parents and extended families for your exceptional support during the last 12 months. With our 6-month tour on Op CABRIT becoming a nine-month tour at relatively short notice, I am under no illusion that things could have been much more difficult, had our families not been as supportive as they were. Following on from our successful predeployment training in Germany, the Squadron continued to be the driving force behind the success of the Regiment. On return from Germany, we had very little time to complete all of our pre-deployment administration, which included catching up with a number of out of date medical and dental checks, following the turmoil of the pandemic. Plus, almost half the Squadron had to conduct training on the up-armoured vehicles that we would be operating in Estonia. After some much needed summer leave, the time had eventually come to deploy on what we had been training for – Op CABRIT 9. The original and planned tour dates were Sep 21 – Mar 22; six months of hard

work and deployments, in some extremely demanding conditions, often in bitterly cold temperatures that most had never come close to experiencing before. As previously mentioned, following the well documented troubles in Eastern Europe during early 2022, the RTR Battlegroup was extended for an extra 3 months as part of a wider plan to increase NATO Troops on the Eastern flank.

Battlegroup performed brilliantly. In no small part due to the efforts of EGYPT Squadron, stretching from Recce Troop being at the forefront of the battle, to our Quartermaster’s and MT departments being at the very rear and supplying logistic support. Centrally and key to exercise planning and coordination, was always the Battlegroup Headquarters, ably supported by Command Troop.

Upon arrival in Estonia, the Squadron quickly found its feet and with a typical RTR approach, and had taken over its vehicle fleet and new accounts within no time. Key to our early success was developing an operational mindset; we knew what we were there for and how to ensure we were well prepared and focussed. Our first goal was our initial test exercise (Ex BOLD PANZER), which was run and coordinated by our Estonian headquarters. This was in-place primarily to test our readiness procedures and our ability to fight in the closely wooded Estonian terrain. The hard work and preparation that we had completed in the months prior to deployment, definitely paid off, as the RTR

During the coldest period of the tour: Dec – Jan, the Squadron completed its Cold Weather Operators Courses (CWOC), these courses were designed to train and test our individual and collective ability to survive in extreme weather conditions. Following 2 days of testing serials, hours of walking in snow and ice carrying extraordinary weights on our backs, and cooking chickens on wood fires; we all carried out the ice jump. This involved jumping through a hole that had been cut in a frozen lake and getting out under the pressure of answering questions before being allowed to do so. Although arduous, most of the Squadron would agree that CWOC was one of the tour highlights.

The Commanding Officer's Tank on Op CABRIT 9

Members of Egypt Squadron during the Cold Weather Operators Course

EGYPT Squadron on Parade

Christmas and New Year in Estonia was difficult for many, as families (particularly children) were missed by us all. But we made the most of our situation and tried our best to have some fun. Our chefs did us proud by producing an excellent Christmas dinner and we had a number of games and competitions between the Sub-Units. On both Christmas and New Years Eve’s, we built Squadron bars and were able to share a couple of beers in the tank hangars. Following news of the extension, came the news that we would be involved in

Ex HEDGEHOG. This was the largest scale Multi-national NATO exercise that most had ever taken part in. Rather than being on a training area, the exercise took place around the towns and villages of Southern Estonia. This was fantastic and provided some of the best training value possible. The exercise was particularly testing for EGYPT Squadron as our logistic stretch was far greater than we had been used to. This exercise was our final one during Op CABRIT, but it was a fitting end to a remarkably successful tour. And call me biased but the strong showing from all of the

departments of Team EGYPT, coupled with some incredible individual performances from within the Squadron, certainly added to the success of this Operational Tour. I would usually end by bidding some fond farewells to members of the Squadron who have left during this period, but there are simply too many to name. So, to all who have served in EGYPT Squadron during recent years, thank you for your support and I wish you all the very best for the future.

Recce Troop Live firing

FALCON UPDATE Major JCD Green PhD This is my last update for the RTR family as I move on from a wonderful two years in command of FALCON Sqn (C-CBRN). I hand over to Maj Sam Walton RTR. The last year has been turbulent for the Army due to the restructuring under the Integrated Review, however FALCON has survived almost untouched and remains on the Army ORBAT held with a readiness profile of 10 and 30 days-notice to move.

FALCON soldiers competing in the OC's challenge

With the events in Europe, it will not be a surprise to you all that Counter-CBRN is now more in focus than it has been for many years. In response the Squadron has continued to maintain its trained readiness ensuring that basic soldiering and CBRN skills are up to standard, ready for any deployment. This training culminated with the first Squadron plus deployment for 28 Engineer Regiment (C-CBRN) to the southwest of the UK on Ex ATLANTIC FALCON. This deployment saw FALCON Squadron deploy along with dismounted CBRN specialists of 28 Engineer Regiment (C-CBRN) to multiple training areas in Cornwall and Devon. This exercise really tested all parts of the Squadron and the Regiment, including training alongside the Fire Services. A significant number of lessons were learnt, 14

SOPs were developed and this has been the catalyst for the development of the CounterCBRN multi-component Squadron which will see FALCON SHQ deploy in the future with a number of specialist CBRN capabilities rather than just the FUCHS. This will ensure that when deployed FALCON will be able to deliver flexible and tuneable Counter-CBRN support to deployed forces.

to reach Full Operating Capability, for Defence. FALCON continues to generate and then share CBRN SMEs with the rest of the Field Army, supporting several exercises at the Division and Brigade level, including Ex WARFIGHTER and Ex CERBERUS. Here soldiers of FALCON really earn their money, often providing specialist Counter-CBRN expertise at the highest level.

Training has been focussed on building on last year’s back to basics agenda and is now driving into the collective training environment. The ‘Vanguard’, 14 Troop, held at 10 days notice to move has completed its Troop level validation and is now ready to deploy on the future Ex FRIGATE VAPOUR, which will be the deployment of 28 Engineer Regiment (C-CBRN) as part of its final activity

The main effort of the Squadron has continued to be the upgrade of the FUCHS fleet. The SUSTAIN project is delivering new chemical and radiological sensing equipment on the FUCHS vehicle, which will increase the quality of the CBRN Area Survey and reconnaissance (AS&R) capability. FUCHS SUSTAIN has reached Initial Operating Capability, including FALCON soldiers now trained and practised on the

new equipment. This has been a significant undertaking by the soldiers of FALCON, who have worked well beyond their ranks and posts, interacting with multiple agencies, including Dstl, DE&S, RBSL and Army HQ, to ensure the success of the project. Experimentation and innovation remain at the centre of all of what FALCON does. The Squadron is continuing to support Dstl trials for how to use autonomous robots in the CBRN environment and has completed significant work in providing new and accurate planning data for AS&R for HQ staff to use when conducting staff planning cycles. The OCs challenge is still going strong and 14 Troop won last year’s competition, with Sgt Reed gladly accepting the Brig G Thompson Falcon Trophy for the best Troop. This year’s competition is tight. After several events, which have included ranges, clay shooting, quiz and a cross fit challenge completed, 13 Troop is currently

looking strong. However, with more events to come there is still all to play for. Beyond work, FALCON soldiers have completed several activities, including finishing the UK Three Peaks Challenge, summiting Ben Nevis, Scafell Pike and Snowdon. This was a significant achievement as the weather on the peaks was howling. The Squadron has continued to support the 3 Pillars Charity, formed by ex-RTR officer Mike Crofts, with soldiers deploying on the Chiltern Challenge, walking the Chiltern way. FALCON Squadron marched at the Suffolk County Show as part of the Queen's Platinum Jubilee celebration week, where we bumped into several ex-RTR officers and soldiers. Sporting activities include members of the Squadron skiing in France on Ex WINTER FRIGATE, the FALCON clay shooting team winning the REME Festival of Sports Clay shoot (SSgt Tyler – FALCON Artificer and Cpl Chiplin RTR) and LCpl

Callard REME winning the female high gun. Other sporting successes in the Squadron are Cpl Joines and LCpl Evans being selected to play for the RAC Cricket team and Sgt Watson REME reaching the Army Angling finals. FALCON has maintained its strong position to get the CBRN AS&R capability out and exercised with the Field Army, and with the events in Europe this readiness is needed more now than ever. With the hard work and determination of FALCON soldiers, I hand over a Squadron that is trained, ready and motivated to provide specialist CBRN manoeuvre support to Field Army units all over the world. I thank all the soldiers, officers, and the Commanding Officers of both the RTR and 28 Engineer Regiment (C-CBRN) for all their hard work and support during my time as FALCON. Fear Naught.

Falcon soldiers during an O Group on exercise

OFFICERS’ MESS UPDATE Major RLJ McCullough (President of the Mess Committee) The Royal Tank Regiment Officers’ Mess is in fine health. Having thrown off the yoke of the restrictions imposed by COVID-19, the Mess has gradually returned to its zenith. I will take this opportunity to thank my predecessor, Major Andy Pilsworth for all of his efforts as PMC through some difficult and trying times.

The Officers' Mess in Cambrai

The first social event of the year was the Rhine Crossing Dinner in March. After an absence of four years, forty-five members of the Regimental family gathered at the Cavalry and Guards Club. The RTR Battlegroup and AJAX were deployed on Op CABRIT so we were missing a number of officers, however, the RSM was able to fly back and join us for the event as a much welcomed guest. COVID prevented us from all drinking out of the Bulls Head Cup but rest assured, this much ‘cherished’ tradition will return next year. The event was superb and offered an excellent opportunity for the wider Regimental family to get together. The RTR Battlegroup will be deployed in Germany in March, providing an

opportunity to run the event on the Rhine. In the UK, Major Dan Berry has kindly agreed to run a London based event. Mess life in the Rear Ops Group (ROG) continued at a steady pace over the summer. We have hosted a number of interesting visitors including from HMS KENT and PJHQ. Col Mark Siebenaller, father to BADGER 2ic, gave a fascinating talk on the Anglo-Zulu wars. A real highlight was being able to handle the impressive collection of weapons and historical artefacts that he found at the battlefields himself. The return of the RTR Battle group provided the chance to welcome the newly

commissioned RSM (Capt Mike Richardson) into the Mess and provide the spark for our first major event in nearly two years. Despite the near 30c heat, the entire Mess less AJAX squeezed into the dining room and were served as a surprise, Twinny’s favourite meal of chicken wings followed by chicken parmo. He is happy to provide the recipe upon request. The Officers Mess are making a determined effort to include our fellow Officers at ERE in Mess events and dinners. It is essential that we draw on the wider experiences of the Regiment, not only to ensure that all elements of the Regimental family are included but also to add richness and variety

Oktoberfest

to Mess life. The first of these Tankie Tuesday events was superbly planned and executed by the SLIM, Capt Connor Wright. If you were unable to attend this one, plans are afoot for the next Tankie Tuesday in the New Year. The Officers Mess deployed en masse to France to commemorate the 105th Anniversary of the Battle of Cambrai in November. A superb association event was followed by a drinks reception in the Town Hall on the Saturday night organised by Major Marc Hughes. Whilst the weather was kind to those on the battlefield study on Saturday, our luck deserted, and the marching troops endured the very finest of northern France’s November rain. Despite the weather and very sore heads, it was an excellent weekend to catch up and introduce the junior members of the Mess to Cambrai. To mark the 105th anniversary, the Officers Mess will proudly hang the newly commissioned Cambrai at Dawn painting. The Officers’ Mess Oktoberfest organised by Dan Saville was outstanding. The first big external social event for the last three years,

the Mess had close to 100 guests enjoying the evening, although it must be said some of the lederhosen was firmly on the dodgier side. Guests entered the Mess through an alpine ‘forest’ and then into the dining room which was transferred into a Bavarian Beer Hall. An Oompah band got the party flying, sustained by gallons and gallons of German lager.

The year was rounded out by the Officers vs Seniors football match. The highlight and crescendo of the Christmas social calendar, it was a closely fought contest between two sides determined to claim the spoils. Despite the sterling efforts of the Officers team, the WO’s and Sgts Mess emerged victorious winning 4-3.

Officers Mess Football

WARRANT OFFICERS’ AND SERGEANTS’ MESS UPDATE WO2 Rugg (President of the Mess Committee) Despite a period of decreased activity over the past year due to COVID and Regimental Deployments, the WOs & Sgts Mess has shown good financial growth and has recently completed a period of renovation. So far this year the Mess has fully refurbished the Bar, repaired the sofas, purchased new dining tables, renewed and improved the storage facilities, and updated the mess property books. Future plans for the Mess include the new purchase of bar stools and improving the garden, with external lighting, a fire pit and BBQ area planned, this will allow our members to use and enjoy the garden all year round. The number of functions has been limited over the past 12 months, with mainly Sub Unit level gatherings taking place including a summer BBQ. Despite a reduced number of Mess Members living in over the past 12 months, the Mess founded its own ‘Whiskey Club’ with ten members who meet once monthly.

The newly refurnished Ante room

The newly refurbished Mess Bar

Future plans include a visit to a Whiskey distiller in 2023. In the face of an extended CABRIT 9 deployment, the President of the Entertainments Committee coordinated a Christmas box to be sent out to Estonia for all Mess members to bring a little morale to all those deployed away from their families. In the spirit of good-hearted competition, normal business has now resumed with WOs and Sgts Mess achieving a staggering win against the Officers’ Mess during the annual pre- Christmas stand-down match. The QM

(Capt Murphy) was not particularly happy with the referee’s performance on the day but even he was powerless to influence a second defeat by the almighty WOs and Sgts Mess. Looking into 2023, there are a large number of Mess Members, including two previous RSMs to dine out. To finish off I’d like to remind all ERE Mess Members that you are all welcome to attend our subsequent functions and will be invited to the Mess at every opportunity.

PIPES AND DRUMS UPDATE Staff Sergeant J Daulby (Drum Major)

The Pipes and Drums on parade in Cambrai

The RTR Pipes and Drums Band has been dispersed in both the UK and on operations in Estonia. This busy build up period and tempo of deployments has meant that our time together as a band has been limited. However, the standard and reputation of the band continues to grow and the hard work of the team has ensured we enter the upcoming year as strong as ever. The Royal Tank Regiment Battle group has been deployed during the last 12 months and, with it, eight members of the band. With the Drum Major and Pipe Major both back in the UK, the Band was left under the care of Cpl Green and LCpl Stephens with the support from the RSM. Members of the Band have not only fulfilled their core roles as Tank crew members to an exceptionally high standard, but also performed on several engagements and supported all Battle group parade activity. The Regiment is steeped in history, and with Cambrai being the most notable annual event, the occasion is marked no matter the location or task that the Regiment finds itself on. Operation CABRIT was no different, and the Pipes and Drums have always played a key role in the celebrations. For those reading this that are not aware or have never experienced a Cambrai, the

day starts with the tradition of officers and senior soldiers from the Regiment waking up the troops to the sound of the Pipes and Drums and promptly being given a drink of ‘Gunfire’ (tea or coffee with the addition of rum). And as always, to the delight of the non-RTR members of the Battle group, this happens in the early hours of the morning. Along with Cambrai, the band also supported the 5th anniversary of UK operations in Estonia and, due to an extended tour, the oncoming 1 Royal Welsh Battlegroup (with AJAX Squadron attached) was also in place, so this meant a combined display was the order of the day. The parade took CONTINUED OVERLEAF...

The Pipe Major playing at the Louverval Memorial at Cambrai 105

The Pipes and Drums on parade in Estonia on Op CABRIT 9

place during some horrendous rain, difficult weather to parade in – let alone play. As ever, the band battled through and performed in line with the high reputation they had now set across the wider Battle group. After what turned out to be a nine-month extended tour, the Band played its last gig at the official transfer of authority parade to mark the handover of Battle groups. Whilst some are not lucky enough to have their own in-house musicians, the Regiment is very proud to have the Pipes and Drums, and under the watchful eye of the RSM, the expertise of its deployed members was called upon once more to support. All members of the band (at the time of writing) have returned to the UK, and after a well-earned leave period have returned to work in Tidworth to begin to prepare for upcoming events – the first of which was the Regimental Parade at the end of September.

The Pipes and Drums on parade at Cambrai 105

On the last instalment of Tank magazine, the outgoing Pipe Major Sgt (Elvis) Willoughby bid his farewell. All members of the Band would like to take this opportunity to thank him for his years of hard work and dedication to the Pipes and Drums and wish him all the best in the future. We welcome our new Pipe Major, Sgt Alan Thomson, and look forward to the upcoming years working alongside him. If you would like to know more about the band or are interested in joining, then please speak to the Drum Major in CYCLOPS SQMS or the Pipe Major in the Training Wing.

LCpl Stevens on parade on Op CABRIT 9 in Estonia

The Pipes and Drums marking Cambrai on Op CABRIT 9 in Estonia

SUPPORT HUB UPDATE Captain Dwain Tucker This has been yet another eventful year for the RTR Welfare Team as it supported soldiers and their families through three consecutive rotations of Op CABRIT. Families also had to contend with a period of nationwide economic and political uncertainty alongside navigating through an unexpected extension to OP CABRIT 9 after Russia’s unlawful invasion of Ukraine. The team were keen to help raise morale and dissipate anxiety amongst the partners and children back here in the UK. They were quick to look for ways to increase the service we offer working tirelessly to reassure worried families, solve complex welfare issues, keeping them updated, organising additional outings, all while maintaining the day-today primary welfare support. Amongst these events were opportunities for the families to attend many attractions

including Legoland, Bournemouth Pantomime, Monkey World, Wookey Hole, Longleat Safari Park, and trips to London. Those who were geographically dispersed from the Tidworth area and could not attend these activities were posted cinema vouchers to fund trips locally. This was well received by many and demonstrated the willingness of the team to put in the hard work to ensure all families were included. The team were also able to host several events, including a Children’s Halloween party, Christmas party, wives Christmas function, Families’ Sunday Roast, Mothering Sunday for the Battle group’s families, and as well as the routine weekly events such as coffee mornings and Arts and Crafts Club. But it would be the Queen's Jubilee Street Party and the Regimental Parade which will stand out in most people’s minds for a long time to come. The street party was held on 1st June to celebrate the Queen’s Platinum Jubilee. Over two hundred people, including families and service personnel enjoyed a fantastic day in the sun with delicious food and a variety of entertainment.

This event came at a time when most of the Regiment were eight months into the deployment to Estonia and offered those left back in the UK an opportunity to mark this momentous occasion. A joyful and jubilant atmosphere was fostered as guests were amused by a children’s entertainer and a duo acoustics band. The children enjoyed the use of our newly acquired inflatable obstacle course, donated by the Vintners' Company, face painting and a well-stocked Petting Zoo. A lovely traditional English picnic platter served in a patriotic street party setting was enjoyed by all. The British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) Ice-Cream Van was also at hand to offer much welcome relief from the hot weather. Overall, the day was a huge success, we’ve had numerous messages of gratitude and praise for what was a very memorable event. The Regimental Parade was another fantastic success and enjoyed by hundreds of families, veterans and service personnel. It was laid on in September to celebrate the roles the Regiment played over the last 12 months and to recognise the contribution of our families to its achievements. The event included an armoured vehicle parade followed by a static display. There was a wide variety of subsidised food and drink stalls and a range of family entertainment including a BFBS provided Live Band, children’s entertainers and much more. Our families have certainly persevered through a tough period with partners away on an extended Op CABRIT, which many families have found difficult. To help with this the Welfare Team has certainly risen to the challenge. As I hand over the role of Welfare Officer to Capt Richardson, I’m proud to have been able to contribute to delivering the high standards that our families deserve. I would also like to take this opportunity to wish you all the best and to thank my team and all those who have supported me throughout the last two and a half years. May God Bless you all.

The Support Hub team at the Queen's Jubilee Street Party

AFFILIATIONS THE ROYAL WESSEX YEOMANRY Maj CEI Bagshaw, OC A (Dorset Yeomanry) Sqn, RWxY The RWxY continues to be busy across the full range of tasks that the Army Reserve is asked to support. Individuals and formed crews have deployed in support of Op CABRIT.

Tank crews from B Squadron, RWxY on firing camp at Lulworth ranges

The remainder of the regiment have been focussed on both individual training requirements and achieving trade training, as well as supporting other events such as the Commonwealth Games and Op RESCRIPT. The Regiment is blessed with a group of excellent Permanent Staff Instructors (PSIs), from across all three regular armoured Regiments. These soldiers routinely enable and support Reserve activity, frequently operating above their current rank supporting SHQs and RHQ.

and opportunities that Germany has afforded. We wish Mr Hambling well as he transitions to civilian life. In addition to WO2 Hambling, we are fortunate to have four PSIs from the RTR– Sgts Cox, Rayner, Parke and Ratcliffe. All have provided excellent support to our Reserves across the CR2 disciplines and, in

Sgt Ratcliffe’s case, training and coaching the RWxY shooting team. The Gunnery, D&M, and CIS teaching and mentoring that these soldiers provide is pivotal in delivering trained personnel to deploy on Op CABRIT, directly supporting the Army’s Regular Armoured Regiments. They also support training activities on Wednesday nights and

The RTR’s WO2 Hambling has been with the RWxY for 4 years as the Trg WO. Despite coming to the end of his time in the Regular Army and needing to focus on resettlement, he has continued to deliver for RHQ. His experience, wealth of knowledge and continuous drive have been fundamental to planning and enabling a broad range of activities. This year his key event was planning the Regiment’s Annual Training Period (ATP) in Sennelager. This training period saw personnel from the RWxY conduct a week of Mounted Close Combat training in CATT(G), followed by a week in the field conducting live fire and Dismounted Close Combat activity. Delivering an overseas training exercise has been challenging, but the soldiers have benefited from the experience RWxY crews in the CATT simulators on annual Camp in Sennelager, Germany

key to the training and formation of crews deploying to Op CABRIT. C Squadron have been able to make good use of the facilities at Donnington, which is key to growing Reserve CR2 trained personnel.

A RWxY CR2 crew deployed on Op CABRIT 9

enabling activities such as career courses. Sgt Townsend has recently been posted to the Regiment and taken up post with B Squadron, in Salisbury. We look forward to gaining from his experience.

to the Regular Army with a wealth of experience from his time in the RWxY. He was a real asset supporting the CR2 range package and, as previously mentioned, the Regimental shooting team.

In addition to being the RIG on the RWxY’s CR2 ATP, Sgt Cox has grown an enthusiastic RWxY e-Sports team who have competed at Corps and Army level, enhancing the Regiment’s reputation and improving the wider Army’s awareness of the Armoured Reserve. E-Sports may prove to be key terrain in the search for young, technically capable future recruits for the RWxY. The annual firing period was the most successful to date in terms of Annual Crew Test completion and this was largely enabled by Sgt Cox’s enthusiasm and support to the Reserve team.

Sgt Parke has been busy supporting both logistical and the comms activities. His vast logistical experience has been extremely valuable in supporting Reserves in these roles, getting to grips with systems such as MJDI. He has also continued to deliver CIS training supporting crews deploying to Op CABRIT. Sgt Brewer continues to support output through his support to CR2 training at Donnington. His experience has been

The Regiment also has several former RTR personnel in its ranks. Maj Bagshaw has recently assumed command of A Squadron in Bovington, whilst Maj Holloway commands B Squadron in Salisbury. Major Wood is now at ERE commanding the Junior Company at Bristol UOTC. Capt Emery has recently departed Regimental duty, upon his promotion to Major, and will take over as a Company Commander at Oxford UOTC. Capt Quant continues as a Troop leader at C Squadron. WO2 Jones is currently the SSM of A Squadron but will soon be finishing his time with the Army reserve. Sgt PercyBell has continued to support Regimental gunnery training and CR2 range periods, calling upon his many years’ experience as a Gunnery instructor. Recent arrivals to B Squadron include Sgt Slade and Cpl Duczak. The RTR presence in the RWxY continues to bear fruit, alongside that of the QRH and KRH. The professionalism and conduct of the PSIs continues to reflect well on the RTR. We hope that they also benefit from their time with the RWxY, returning to RD with additional skill sets, experience, and a wider understanding of the Reserve soldier. This brief summary of what the RTR personnel have delivered does not do them justice. The regular staff are the glue which enables the activities that the Regt executes to happen. Put simply, we could not do what we do without them.

Sgt Rayner has been equally busy delivering D&M training and supporting the CR2 range package through continuous guidance and mentoring to the RWxY’s CR2 drivers, maintaining excellent vehicle availability throughout the range period. He has also supported the planning and execution of Ex WESSEX BREACH, enabling soldiers to enhance their awareness of urban operations and general conduct of DCC operations. Sgt Ratcliffe has now returned to RD and we hope that he has transitioned back

RWxY soldiers on ranges

1ST ARMOURED REGIMENT, AUSTRALIAN ARMY Lieutenant Colonel Mick Henderson, Commanding Officer 1st Armoured Regiment It is with pleasure that I write to provide an update on the 1st Armoured Regiment, Australian Army. Our Regiments share an affiliation extending back to 1951. The 1st Armoured Regiment draws a number of customs and traditions directly from the Royal Tank Regiment. These include the black beret, Regimental Colours and Unit patch. Additionally, while not a participant of the Battle of Cambrai, the Regiment commemorates this significant historical event in November each year. Over the last year the 1st Armoured Regiment has seen a number of major events. In March we deployed to New South Wales to support a significant flood response operation. Over a five week period we assisted with the relocation of thousands of displaced civilians and with the removal of 120,000 tonnes of debris. A return to regular training saw us undertake individual crew and Troop live fire manoeuvre assessment at the Cultana Training Area in South Australia. This was a welcome opportunity after such an extended period of disruption to our training as a result of Covid-19 related restrictions over the past two years.

of the Regiment to join us in marching on to the parade with us. This has been warmly welcomed by our veterans and will enable a connection between current and former serving members to strengthen. This year will also see the 1st Armoured Regiment re-organise as part of the Army Objective Force initiative. This will involve a move from the Darwin based 1st Brigade, which has been home to the regiment for over 20 years, to the Adelaide based 9th Brigade. It will also see the Regiment take command of the

C Squadron (Light Cavalry) deployed to the jungles of Malaysia to undertake the 136th rotation of an Australian sub-unit under the Five Power Defence Arrangements. This rotation lasted three months and saw the Squadron undertake a significant amount of dismounted and anti-armour live fire training. The Regiment also undertook training in the remote Northern Territory where we formed Battle group Lion and participated in Brigade level live fire and manoeuvre training over the course of three weeks. This saw us integrate with the armed forces of Malaysia, the Philippines and the United States. Shortly thereafter, the Regiment won the Coral-Balmoral Cup competition. This annual competition sees all Armoured Regiments compete against each other over a one week competition that involves theory, physical, gunnery and tactics events. Of note is that this is the third consecutive time that we have been awarded best unit honours. We will soon turn our attention to Cambrai Week. This will see the conduct of a number of inter Squadron sports competitions and social activities and will culminate in the conduct of the annual Cambrai parade. This will be a fully mounted parade with all vehicles and crews of the Regiment on parade. For the first time, we have invited all former veterans 24

C Squadron deployed in the jungles of Malaysia

Lieutenant Colonel Mick Henderson Commanding Officer 1st Armoured Regiment

Adelaide based Reserve Armoured Corps unit, A Squadron 3/9th South Australian Mounted Rifles (Light Cavalry) and will bring the strength of the regiment to 6 sub-units. Looking forward, we are preparing for the introduction of the new M1A2 SEP version 3

Main Battle Tank in 2024 to replace our current fleet of M1A1s. The Australian Light Armoured Vehicle (ASLAV) is also approaching its end of life and will be replaced with the Boxer Combat Reconnaissance Vehicle from 2025. The mechanisation of the Australian Army is

progressing more broadly with a decision to acquire a modernised Infantry Fighting Vehicle fleet, self-propelled Artillery system and a new mechanised Engineer Breaching fleet based on the M1A1 platform.

The Regimental Standard being marched on for the 2022 Cambrai Parade

B Squadron marching on parade for 2022 Cambrai Parade

Autumn Term Review Dec 2022 FTSP 02-22

Immediately following BOST, the Ship went into FTSP 01-22. Given the increased OPDEF count due to MASC and the intense BOST programme, the support period greatly improved the material state of the WE Dept. Whilst FASGW Part 2 was completed, it was not without its challenges given the extensive, and subsequently additional, hot work requirements which required risk assessment and liaison with Tom Burns (PESAG), during BOST itself, to approve the work to take place with a full Air Wpns Magazine ahead of time. Close communication between SS/COM/SP was, again, considered a great strength throughout and allowed arising issues to be resolved rapidly. Advanced coordination between all parties was also a strength which allowed a sizeable amount of work to take place during the overlaid SS summer leave period. Emily Nash (APM) and Liam Crook (IWT Lead) did an excellent job working in tandem with Wayne John (PM T23 COM) and Steve Mihill (ME T23 COM) to provide the WE Dept with necessary support. LFE from the last FTSP was used by all parties to ensure that previously highlighted issues did not reoccur with LFE gathered from this FTSP set to do the same for FTSP 01-23. This period also saw SLt Britnell (AWEO) successfully complete his WEQ to enable his onward assignment to MCS prior to becoming IRDK’s DWEO. Royal Tank Regiment (RTR) Visit

SLt Britnell (AWEO), Lt Cdr Jones (WEO), SLt Beckett (DWEO)

ET O’Hara comms box defect rectification

Salisbury Plain with 2 Challenger Tanks and a Challenger Tank Recovery Vehicle

Mid FTSP the WEO, as RTR Affiliation Officer, organised a reciprocal visit to Tidworth with Lt Siebenaller RTR for the RN personnel involved in organising a day at sea for a RTR team during a Thursday War at BOST. Expertly hosted by Lt Siebenaller and 2Lt Gibbs, the team were shown the very impressive array of silverware on display in their Mess, followed by breakfast with officers of the regiment discussing the similarities and differences of day to day life within respective organisations. A tour of the training and simulator facilities used to train tank crews then followed. The team then headed to Salisbury Plain for an unforgettable experience – tank rides! The amazing experience demonstrated the power and versatility of the machines over cross country conditions. The rides put into perspective the reality of life in a tank and the constant teamwork required from all 4 crew in order to be effective in the field.

RTP

Deployment

A busy RTP followed for CPO Sawdon’s Group (W3) with the team completing the last GSA8 G3 trial necessary to regain full MCG CCU capability. The exacting trial requirements meant that, all in, 8 x G1 trials and 4 x G3 trials were required since the installation of PDM2TR in FTSP 01-22. PO Emerson’s Section (W3O) then successfully completed an MV Cal upon CCU restoration. Additionally the Aft GPMG positions undertook ITFs following defect rectification, as did the GPMGs in the PAC24 boats. PO Green (W3AW) had a particularly busy week with a successful S2087 stream, allowing PO Emerson to qualify, Merlin Flight embarkation and a culminating Stringray TVT firing. The week was also the last time at sea for WO1 Stirk (WOWE) who delivered exemplary performance in post prior to leaving the RN after 26 years of dedicated service.

With all preps complete KENT deployed and on Day 1 went straight into a MCG gunnery Maritime Acoustic Scoring System (MASS) trial to test a new method of scoring 4.5” shell hits at sea using specialist buoys. KENT then proceeded north to take part in EXERCISE JOINT WARRIOR 22 (JW22) with over 15 warships, submarines, jets and helicopters from all over NATO operating as a Combined Task Force exercising scenarios in all forms of maritime warfare. Whilst on route KENT suffered a high level defect on SCOT with PO Wills’ (W1C) efforts in cannibalising parts from 3 TWTs at sea leading to partial, and workable, rectification of the system. Spanning an area from the western coast of Scotland to the south coast of England, KENT joined American warship USS ROOSEVELT, Italian destroyer ITS ANDREA DORIA and Polish warship GENERAL TADUESZ KOSCIUSZKO to name but a few. The MCO team, led by PO Faulkner (W1A), rose to the unique challenges presented by the requirement for multinational communications circuits throughout the exercise. JW22 culminated with a large ‘War At Sea Exercise’ where KENT fought a realistic combat exercise including everything from Air, Surface, Subsurface, and even cyber warfare, proving that the different nationalities of NATO can quickly combine into a formidable, cohesive unit. Upon completion KENT met up with QNLZ to escort her on her way back to the UK from WESTLANT.

ET2 White promoted to ET1

ET2 Ransom promoted to ET1

ET2 Wood promoted to ET1

ET1 Nicol SOM Jul 22

ET2 Dawson promoted to ET1

A/PO Hauser Invicta Award

CPO Stanley LS&GC

Equipment Optimisation A Dept wide ‘Equipment Optimisation Review’ project was launched at the beginning of the deployment with the aim of generating maintainer recommendations to identified equipment issues with a view to improving the reliability, capability and optimising the associated UMMS maintenance of their systems based on lived experience. The recommendations are labelled as Safety/Cost/Time/Reliability/Efficiency based, noting that a time based saving also represents a cost based saving in its own right, and have been submitted directly to EAAs with accompanying S2022s. A selection of submissions were also submitted to the GEMS scheme. The project will roll through every piece of WE equipment on board with a CCU, discounting equipments that are imminently due out of service or that cannot meaningfully be improved upon review, and is expected to run through to Q2 23. At the time of writing, 52 recommendations have been submitted to EAAs overall, with positive feedback recieved, and 14 S2022s spanning across the following equipment: MCG (CPO Sawdon), S2087 (PO Green, PO Marsden), GPEOD (LET Newton), GSA8 (LET Newton), PDM2TR (LET Skinner), ASCG (LET Dunbar), Minigun (LET Dunbar), AWHE (LET Ham), HMG (PO Emerson), PRISM (PO Green), RICE2 (LET Hicks), SCOT (PO Wills) and S2050 (PO Marsden). Innovation

The WEO programmed a word macro that substantially error checks, and partially automates, OPDEF/RECT signal writing and also assists with the staffing of signals. It can be used in conjunction with CMX signal processing and works by presenting the user with an OPDEF/RECT form that is labelled, allows text entry in lower case, and substantially error checks the input including error checking for the top 5 errors stated in FOMO’s latest guidance letter (Jun 22). Once all input has been validated, the macro writes the signal out and then performs a spell check, firstly using the standard Word dictionary and secondly using a custom ‘Navy Dictionary’ (that can be easily added to by the user) highlighting unfamiliar text in bright green. Spell checking can also be run independently. If used properly it should reduce the time required by the maintainer to produce a signal, reduce staffing time prior to release and cumulatively reduce errors in released signals. SURFLOT are currently looking for a suitable place to store the macro so that it can be version controlled but in the interim it has been disted to WEOs in the Fleet directly. 28

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ARTICLES A VERY RUSSIAN HISTORY: HOW RUSSIA JUSTIFIES THE ROAD TO WAR IN UKRAINE Lt Dan Saville From “the aggressive Russian Bear” to the “Double Headed Eagle - caught in its otherness between Europe and a wild Asia”, or even the “riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma”, there are innumerable cliches with which to misunderstand Russia. The reality is that the Russian invasion of Ukraine can be seen as a continuation of Russian geopolitics that align with their weaponised history, extolled by the state. This article will present an account of Russian history that illuminates some of the justifications for Putin’s invasion of Ukraine. Firstly, it is important to understand the histories of all nations are created and twisted to serve political ends. National myths are utilised to frame the struggles and victories of their present. They grant legitimacy to political structures, justify actions by a state or nonstate actor, and ultimately have more utility than merely an arbitrary track of what happened and when. This is no less true for Russia, being described as a ‘palimpsest people’1, with the traces of their past repurposed, written over and re-framed for modern use. This is intentional. The resurgence of Russian nationalism in the face of a perceived decline,

including risings against Moscow-friendly states in Libya, Syria and especially in the aftermath of the Euromaidan protests in Ukrainian in 2014, has heightened Russiam sensitivities. Putin has plundered his country’s past to create a historical pedigree that also embodies a future trajectory. One of the best illustrations of this is the ‘Russia – My History’ exhibition, launched in Moscow and replicated around the country. Its display of Tsars, Commissars and 12th century princes are interchangeably deployed in an unsubtle presentation of perspectives. The bottom line being; if Russia is united under a single, and decidedly Russian, leader then it is an unstoppable force for good in the world. This created history and the trajectory it has launched Russia towards can be summarised as ‘Orthodoxy, Autocracy and Nationality’2. The Russian belief that they are a chosen people marked out for a special role in the world as the bastions of truth and stability, can

be traced as one of the justifications for their aggressive foreign policy. This is predicated on the spiritual and the moral, with the conservative values of the Eastern Orthodox Church setting Russia apart from other European nations. Since Vladimir the Great (r.980-1015) forcibly converted his pagan subjects at spearpoint in 988, every victory led to the reaffirmation of the Russians as the chosen people, and each defeat could be attributed to deviations from the tenets of the Church. An example of this is the liberation from the Mongol Golden Horde at the Ugra River in 1480. Further to this, with the fall of Constantinople in 1453, Moscow found itself as the ‘Third Rome’, cementing the validity of Russian exceptionalism, standing it in opposition to predominantly Catholic Western European powers and their Islamic neighbours to the South and East. In addition, the framing of Russia as the Motherland of Europe, protector of the status quo - repulsing the Golden Horde, beating back the invasions of Napoleon in 1812, and ‘The Great Patriotic War’ (where an estimated 27 million died), it is perhaps understandable that Russia felt that the price they paid in blood should be repaid in influence. This seems to be reflected in Putin’s declaration of war on Ukraine; ‘[in the Great Patriotic War] the enemy was stopped and then crushed, but at a colossal cost…the second time we will not allow such a mistake, we have no right’3. Here Putin has called on the myth of Russian exceptionalism in their role as the orthodox policemen of the world to justify his state's actions in Ukraine. Another theme in Russian discourse is an existential concern for their security, the perspective that a Russia united is unstoppable but a Russia with dissent is doomed to failure. This can be seen time and again in Russian history and is the organisation of the state by autocratic rule.

The USSR at its fullest extent – from the Russian perspective there has been a steady decline in influence and an undermining of their sphere of influence by a US led West set on creating a unipolar world.

Russia is a vast place, with no natural borders, no single tribe or people, no true central identity4. It stretches across 11 time zones, from the European fortress-region of Kaliningrad all the way to the Bering Strait, just 82 km (51 miles) from Alaska. It’s population of some 149 million is 80% ethnic Russian but includes minorities from Armenians to Ukrainians, Tatars to

A street seller weathers the harsh winter in Moscow. For many Russians, their savings were wiped out in 1998 when the country defaulted on its debt. For some Russians this was decline in fortune was perceived as a direct result of liberalising democracy and the loss of centralised control

Karelian Finns5. This helps explain why keeping centralised control has been such a struggle for the Russian State, and why the thought of losing that grip has held such terror for its leaders. As such, some believe the only way to maintain the integrity of the nation is to consolidate power into one strong leader with absolute oversight. Previously, this was the role of the Tsar, the first being Ivan the Terrible in 1533, but similar autocracy was embodied with the Premier of the USSR. This need for strong autocracy is borne out by recent history, with the economic hardship, social suffering and near anarchy caused by the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Russia’s brief flirtation with democracy resulted in the ‘wild nineties’; economic collapse and the kleptocracy of the Oligarchs under a weaker, consultative Yeltsin. The result was a return to autocratic central power under Putin and his new social contract: keep quiet and stay out of politics and I will guarantee you a steadily improving quality of life6. The war in Ukraine can be seen as a direct result of this autocracy, a centralised command structure feeds directly from the political strategic goals into operational planning7. If Putin, the autocrat, decides to invade then it is in the national interest to acquest. Finally, nationality - the belief that there is a distinct Russian identity that needs to be protected from alien influences seeking to subsume it – can be viewed as something pervasive in Russian history and in its motivations for invading Ukraine. This extends to the Russian diaspora in the ex-Soviet states of Ukraine and the Balkans as being Russian is as much of an ethnicity as it is a cultural trait. The Russian Empire, later

Russia has mythologised the victories and sacrifices of the past – most notable in the ‘Great Patriotic War’ – to justify their desire for international influence

the USSR, controlled a vast swathe of Eastern and Southern Europe – from 1860 and the Great Reforms - nations under Russian control were compelled to use the Russian language. Later, under the Soviets ethnic Russians were moved great distances to populate areas for agriculture and industry, whilst strengthening the bond to the autocratic centre8. This has left a lasting ethnic Russian population, with a 2001 census, more than 50 percent of the population in Crimea and Donetsk identified Russian as their native language9. It is this relic of a wider Russia that Putin has mobilised, justifying the 24th February invasion with ‘its goal is to protect people who have been subjected to bullying and genocide by the Kiev regime for eight years.’10 This threat can also be articulated as that to the Russian state – with fears over the “militarisation” and “Nazification” of Ukraine11 used by Russia to articulate the threat of Ukraine leaving their sphere of influence and joining NATO. Exacerbated by real or imagined Western challenges, Putin sees a uni-polar, US dominated, world order emerging that Russia has to stop in its place. With this in mind, and with an eye on his historical legacy he sought to challenge the West’s perceived dominance through the invasion of Ukraine. Whatever the outcome of the war in Ukraine, whoever the victor, there is space for the reality of this conflict to be written into the elastic and weaponised Russian world view. Victory will cement Russian nationalism in the belief that the orthodox status-quo has been restored by a just nation. Defeat will re-entrench the paranoia and conspiracy-minded perspectives, the world is against Russia and will not be appeased until her eventual destruction.

References: 1. Galeotti, M. (2022) A Short History of Russia: How to Understand the World’s Most Complex Nation. 2. Galeotti, M. (2022) A Short History of Russia: How to Understand the Worlds Most Complex Nation. 3. ‘Full text: Putin’s declaration of war on Ukraine’, The Spectator [online] Available at: https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/full-textputin-s-declaration-of-war-on-ukraine 4. Marshall, T. (2016) Prisoners of Geography, Russia 5. CIA World Fact Book, Russia [online] Available at: https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/ countries/russia/#people-and-society 6. Galeotti, M. (2022) A Short History of Russia: How to Understand the Worlds Most Complex Nation. 7. Ramani, S. (2022) Putin’s War on Ukraine: Russia’s Campaign for Global CounterRevolution 8. Weeks, T. (2004) Russification: Word and Practice 1863-1914, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, [Online] Available at: https://www.jstor.org/ stable/1558142 9. Four maps that explain the Russia-Ukraine conflict, The Washington Post [online] Available at: https://www.washingtonpost. com/world/2022/01/21/ukraine-russia-explainmaps/ 10. Full text: Putin’s declaration of war on Ukraine’, The Spectator [online] Available at: https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/full-textputin-s-declaration-of-war-on-ukraine 11. Full text: Putin’s declaration of war on Ukraine’, The Spectator [online] Available at: https:// www.spectator.co.uk/article/full-text-putin-sdeclaration-of-war-on-ukraine 41

LESSONS FROM THE CONFLICT IN UKRAINE: WHAT WE CAN LEARN FROM UKRAINE’S ABILITY TO FIGHT THE DELAYING BATTLE LCpl Spencer, Ajax Ukraine needed to protect their supply chain. Their ability to deny the Russians freedom of operation in the air and find Russian armoured columns quickly was essential. A steady flow of anti-air munitions, launchers and cheap drones enabled this, and left them well protected from Russian air assets. Ukrainian logistical support is only expected to get better, as they learn from the ongoing campaign, and their soldiers impart lessons from the instructions that NATO countries have given them. Russia, it seems, is struggling to improve in this area. The lesson for our forces is that logistic planning remains an essential part of armoured warfare. We must train our logistical ability in line with our fighting forces, in order to ensure we can sustain the fight over a longer period of time.

Abandoned Russian tank wrecks

Violence and aggression are a natural response to deal with threat and hostility, war is never a picnic, which is ironic because soldiers do end up eating outdoors quite a lot. Nations are always trying to find better ways to defeat each other in warfare, which is why we must learn from conflicts. Understanding how your adversary fights and operates is essential to exploiting their weaknesses and employing our own strengths. We have become comfortable analysing ‘red’ forces and have become quite adept at it. However, recent history has provided few opportunities to analyse the success of allied forces directly involved in a conventional conflict against a conventional enemy. This article seeks to unpick the key areas of success that the Ukrainian forces have exploited in their delaying battle against the Russians; focusing on logistics, fighting spirit, doctrine, fires and electronic warfare.

ammunition and food being brought forward to the fighting echelons. The Ukrainian forces knew this and used it to their advantage, striking supply chains without becoming decisively engaged and therefore slowing the advance of Russian armoured columns. This in turn left the Russians vulnerable to ambushes, in particular utilising Javelin and NLAW. Key to the Ukrainian success has been their ability to replace weapons, ammunition and military kit at pace. NATO aid has played a significant part in this. In the early battle of attrition, being able to supply soldiers with anti-tank weapons quickly and safely was critical to striking Russian forces and their armoured capabilities, therefore, delaying them effectively. In order to achieve this,

LOGISTICS The Russian logistical chain has proven clunky and over stretched and has slowed their invasion considerably. The reliance on railways and civilian vehicles has meant the Russian Army has had to rely on large ammunition dumps, centralised in close proximity to their forward echelons. This created numerous bottlenecks limiting the amount of fuel, 42

Russian trucks loaded on rail transport

FIGHTING SPIRIT The fighting spirit of Russian soldiers is arguably one of their weaknesses. Russian soldiers deployed poorly prepared both in their equipment, but also more crucially, their mentality. At the lowest level, Russian soldiers were unaware of the invasion. They had poor discipline and their moral component of fighting power was severely lacking. The Ukrainians were fighting for their home, protecting their families, and delaying and defending in order to ensure their country does not become occupied by a foreign power. They had a clear and unifying purpose abd have proven time and again that they will not give an inch of territory. Their ability to continue to fight against numerically superior Russian forces in this way means the Ukrainians possess a significant advantage in any delaying battle. This fighting spirit also allows them to replenish their forces far more quickly and easily. Ukraine has had many volunteers, from local nationals to professional soldiers from other nations. The Russians, on the other hand, are unable to put fully fit, skilled, and dedicated soldiers into the fight so easily. The lesson here is simple. The moral component of fighting power is crucial to success. It must be resourced and valued alongside all other components.

There are two lessons here. First, an asset is only as good as your ability to defend it. The Russians have one of the most sophisticated and precise artillery systems in the world. Left to operate freely, it would be decisive in any battle. However, their doctrine and ability to protect these assets have been found lacking. Second, given we have fewer assets, we must ensure we protect them as much as possible.

ELECTRONIC WARFARE (EW)

A destroyed Russian tank sits in the village of Dmytrivka, Ukraine

COMBINED ARMS MANOEUVRE

USE OF INDIRECT FIRE

In the beginning, Russian armour was moving independently from dismounted infantry, not coordinating with air and artillery, and lacked the confidence to move outside of long armoured columns on roads. This led to many of the Russian tanks being destroyed, and the Ukrainians successfully denying their access via key routes. The command structure in Russian doctrine does not allow for mission command. Subordinate commanders are not involved in creating the plan, and rarely understand the wider intent or mission. The result of which is an organisation easily confused and not particularly reactive in nature. The Ukrainian forces reacted to this weakness. They would strike quickly and confidently, often at a flank, targeting command variant vehicles and key assets such as bridges and long-range missile systems. This was effective, halting the Russian’s advance for days at a time. Furthermore, having worked with NATO since 2014, the Ukrainian forces incorporated mission command among their junior leadership, meaning the soldiers on the ground could adapt to situations when the original battle orders are no longer suited. This has made the Ukrainian force far superior against the unmotivated Russian forces tactically, throughout.

The Russian’s artillery is their most effective asset. Once they have acquired a target artillery batteries can then engage accurately on the position just minutes later. They can achieve real-time adjustments, even if the target is moving. Doctrinally, the Russians will seek to creep behind a bombardment of artillery in the advance, denying the enemy’s ability to block and delay. Though it can be argued that Russian forces have not used their artillery as effectively as expected, it is still a battle winning asset, and one that the Ukrainian must neutralise as much as possible. In Russian doctrine artillery pieces do not relocate after a fire mission, only after being attacked. The Ukrainian forces have been successful at destroying Russian batteries using their own drones and counter battery fires. This has denied the Russian’s ability to use artillery consistently in their advance. Furthermore, the use of anti-air weapons and EW by Ukraine has made it harder for the Russians to use drones, disrupting engagement times and their accuracy.

From this, we must continue to reinforce our own doctrine of combined arms manoeuvre, and empower all ranks, not just commanders, with mission command. It is crucial the intent, mission and scheme of manoeuvre is understood at all levels. 2S19 Howitzers firing on an exercise

Electronic warfare (EW) has played a big role in the conflict. Since 2014, the Ukrainians have spent considerable time and effort developing this capability. The Russian EW capability has been used to deny their enemy use of their own systems, aid artillery pieces and gather intelligence and surveillance. It is believed the Russians have not made full use of their EW capability, potentially because of it interfering with their own smaller drones and causing EW “friendly fire” (jamming their own troops). The Ukrainians, however, have had an asset of their own that does not suffer from this: Starlink. We have seen the successful deployment of this capability throughout the Ukrainian delay. Starlink is a cluster of small satellites that beam down high-speed internet from space, and, crucially, the Russians haven’t been able to disrupt its use. The success of Starlink and the reduced use of Russian EW equipment is very important indeed. The use of handheld radios at a lower level has been vital for Ukrainians coordinating their tactical actions; Starlink has enabled this. The Ukrainian’s use of drones to locate their enemy and coordinate attacks has proven a battle winning tactic, Starlink has provided a solid internet signal so these drones can be employed. The use of ManPortable Air-Defence Systems (MANPADS) has been crucial to the Ukrainians to slow the Russian invasion; they have been used to destroy Russian aircraft, including drones, contesting the airspace. Again, this asset runs

Admiral Gorshkov warship launching a cruise missile at a target

Destroyed Russian BMP

off a signal delivered by Starlink. This is a vital element of the Ukrainian’s delaying battle. Denying the Russian’s ability to obtain air superiority has taken away what was expected to be a huge advantage. Lesson one, we must continue to invest time into our counter EW training, in order to deny the enemy effective use of this capability. Lesson two, we must become better acquainted with Elon Musk.

CONCLUSION

is good and has been employed similarly by the Ukrainian forces. We should trust and implement the guidance it provides us and continue to empower all ranks at all times.

soldiers with limited morale and no ability to react and think for themselves. They struggle to abide by their own doctrine, and fight for all the wrong reasons.

Battle winning assets must be protected, and given our limited supply of them, used only when they can be defended appropriately. Electronic warfare is growing, we must develop our training to counter its effect. Lastly, and most importantly, the Russian forces are made up of poorly commanded

References: Ukraine at War Paving the Road from Survival to Victory by Jack Watling and Nick Reynolds, Army Knowledge Exchange. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ukrainenews-russia-soldier-defects-tells-cbs-newsrealized-war-was-wrong/

In conclusion, the Ukrainian forces have shown to be a formidable tactical force. The smaller, well-trained Ukrainian forces display better command and control, a more effective supply chain and an impressive fighting spirit. This has allowed them to hold off the Russian forces for months. There are many things to learn from the conflict in Ukraine. We must train our logistical assets to the same standard as our fighting forces, for this is key in attritional warfare. Morale and fighting spirit is at the heart of success in the delaying battle and must be protected, resourced and valued. Our doctrine 44

Krasukha-4

UKRAINIAN SUCCESSES WITH ANTI-TANK WEAPONS AND THE FUTURE OF HEAVY ARMOUR Lt Rory Talbott 1. Time and distance. Maximum range and arming distance are two significant constraints for anti-tank weapons. Infamous footage of a T-72 tank hit in the turret roof by an NLAW which fails to arm highlights this point. Tight engagement arcs in urban areas only exaggerate this factor. Javelins take time to activate the fire control system and cannot stay active for long periods

Shoulder-launched anti-tank weapons have become a symbol of Ukraine’s defiance. Even Russian State media cannot deny the potency of these systems and have struggled to explain the photos of ‘experimental’ add-on armour on Russian vehicles. The question for us though is whether our own armoured formations can really hope to advance against such weapons? Is it worth investing in a force that can be so easily countered? What can tanks do to protect themselves?

The Russians have had to re-learn some tough tactical lessons in Ukraine, lessons they first learnt two decades ago in the rubble of Grozny. We must ensure that we learn these crucial armoured lessons and do not repeat their mistakes. 1. Armour-Infantry Integration. A brief scroll through social media will produce numerous videos of Russian armour operating seemingly without close infantry support or recce. Tanks that allow infantry to move freely to within anti-tank weapons range are easy prey. Working in conjunction with infantry and recce allows armour to clear vulnerable areas, especially in the urban and wooded terrain found north of Kyiv. 2. Don’t use roads. Again, social media is awash with footage of Russian armoured columns moving in a single file column, or static in open ground. Both are inviting ambushes. A static tank or one heading down a road is extremely vulnerable. Little cover, no mutual support, and predictable routes make for easy targets for both antitank weapons, as well as artillery fire.

3. Momentum. Russian failure to produce decisive engagements allowed Ukrainian infantry to engage and disengage at will, disperse their supply of anti-tank weapons, and seize the initiative. Concentrated armoured advances, forcing the enemy to engage could rapidly deplete local stocks of Ukrainian Anti-Tank weapons and reduce the favorability of their engagements. There will still be casualties, but fewer of them, and the Russians would have something to show for their losses. For all their potency, modern Anti-Tank systems have significant weaknesses of their own.

2. S urvivability. Javelin teams without armour have poor mobility, and without significant preparation are easy to detect with modern optics. Almost any modern weapon can then counter the teams, and they are particularly vulnerable to mortar and artillery fire. If the missile fails or misses, that team becomes just infantry with heavy kit, highlighted by dust, probably too close to a tank. Moreover, Javelins aren’t cheap. Supply of these weapons to Ukraine has been generous, but eventually the supply will run low and the cost and complexity of producing more will be felt either by donors or by Ukraine. 3. Defensive vs Offensive. Whilst effective in the dense wooded terrain north of Kyiv, these anti-tank weapons have proven less effective when trying to advance across the more open flat agricultural areas near Kherson and in the Donetsk. Heavy, single use, and tight engagement parameters may prove difficult in these unpredictable engagements, especially against a prepared enemy. This is why the Ukrainian requests for materials have changed throughout the war. In the beginning when they were on the defensive, the main effort was to get as many anti-tank weapons as possible. As the Ukrainians switched to the offensive, they have started to focus more on armoured platforms, especially tanks. The balance of power between tanks versus anti-tank weapons has continuously evolved ever since the Battle of Cambrai. Ukraine is another chapter in this story and continues to highlight that neither side has the full advantage in all scenarios. The utility of armour will continue to be required for many years to come.

THE DANGERS OF OBSTACLE CROSSINGS: SIVERSKYI DONETS RIVER Lt M Lawrence Lesson: Control of an obstacle crossing is complex, and relies on all ranks being able to continue to affect the plan during the confusion and chaos of battle. ROC Drills and drills and simple plans are key to an effective, and resilient obstacle crossing.

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Security. From what we can see in aerial photos of the crossing point, the Russian BTG Commander picked a flat, wooded area to cross, with the main tracks leading south to north on both banks. This made it incredibly easy for Ukrainian drone pilots to spot the concentrated BTG moving along track systems, pre-empt where they would cross and then send targets as well as corrections back to the artillery.

On the 12 May 22, Russian forces in the Luhansk region of Ukraine suffered heavy losses whilst attempting to cross the Siverskyi Donets River. Images from the area show a severely damaged pontoon bridge at a crossing site due to Ukrainian artillery fire. According to some estimates, approximately 80 armoured vehicles were destroyed, and up to 800 Russian soldiers killed: effectively an entire battalion destroyed at a single crossing point. As those of you who have served with heavy armour will know, the key principles the British Army adhere to for an obstacle crossing are surprise, security, momentum, control, and simplicity. Although this seemed like a relatively simple plan that aimed to keep an element of surprise in favour of the Russian BTG, it ended up being the perfect showcase as to why we cannot neglect the other principles while planning an obstacle crossing. Momentum. Although setting up a pontoon bridge is a relatively quick process, the bridging capacity they offer is only 60 tons across its whole length. That means once an AFV has started crossing the bridge, the trailing vehicles cannot move until it has reached the other side. This slows the BTG almost to a complete stop, which is where the Ukrainian artillery gained an advantage and started to pick off the slow-moving armoured vehicles and personnel to the rear. Lesson: Using the SOP of moving in packets of just three tanks at a time allows us to reduce our ground sign, maintain momentum, but crucially avoids concentration of grouped vehicles at the pinch points of a crossing.

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Lesson: This highlights the threat we face from aerial surveillance whilst choked at vulnerable points, such as obstacle crossings. The need to stay hidden from above as well as at ground level has never been so vital as on today’s battlefield.

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Control. It is assessed that the Russian forces had only partially crossed the pontoon bridge before the Ukrainian artillery shells started to land on the far bank, destroying the first packet of vehicles over the bridge. The Ukrainians then reportedly adjusted their rounds to land on the home bank, destroying the rear echelon vehicles including the main C2 nodes. This prevented the main body from being able to withdraw and created mass confusion among the remaining vehicles. With the Russians now lacking any control or coordination, the Ukrainian fires were able to concentrate on the now static main body, which is where the Russians took the most casualties. This real-world example is an excellent case study for all armoured commanders to learn from. We must ensure we continue to refine our tactics as the threat from UAVs and artillery develops.

VIRAL WAR: THE USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN THE INVASION OF UKRAINE Lt T Rees We love to label a war “the first…”, but the Russian invasion of Ukraine has a genuinely strong claim to being the first war to have “gone viral” on social media. Be it humorous tweets from the Ukrainian government when an invasion looked likely, footage of Russian troop movements filmed on mobile phones, or horrendous scenes from Bucha and other sites of atrocities, content from this war has been beamed across Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter consistently since the “special military operation” began. Mass media has been an element of warfare for many years, but the advent of social media has brought a previously unseen immediacy to the way governments and militaries can communicate their message. This has been seized by the Ukrainians, who have adopted some unconventional tactics to further spread their message. For example, almost immediately after the initial attack at the start of the invasion, the official Twitter account @Ukraine tweeted “Tag @Russia and tell them what you think of them”. Within hours this had been interacted with many thousands of times, allowing people from across the world to express their opposition to the Russian action. A brief perusal of the replies to this tweet shows that many of these replies were humorous – further increasing their appeal in the goldfish-like attention span social-media world.

Despite the impressive successes enjoyed by Ukraine in the social media sphere, such a course of action must come with a health warning. Due to the baffling complexity of social media platforms’ algorithms, a Western audience cannot be sure what the rest of the world is seeing in their feeds. For example, it is all well and good that we see horrendous pictures of Russian atrocities in Bucha, but there is a good chance that Russian and other international audiences are seeing the same events being attributed

This engagement with populations beyond their own has been a consistent tactic by the Ukrainians. Aside from increasing support (something that is only going to become more important as the Ukrainian war effort becomes increasingly reliant upon Western goodwill in the face of economic crisis), it has also given Ukraine an impressive handle on the strategic narrative. This has been further improved by engagement with social media giants such as Meta (the parent company of Facebook and Instagram), who, even in early stages of the conflict, restricted and blocked accounts linked with Russian state disinformation campaigns. This has meant that, at least in the eyes of Western populations, Ukraine is predominantly depicted as “the good guy” in a conflict we tend to see in black and white terms.

to Ukrainian forces. This is only compounded by the Russian state’s frequent use of “bot” accounts which have been used for spreading disinformation for years now. With this health warning in mind, as well as the successes the Ukrainians have enjoyed, there are several lessons we can learn for our use of social media even at the Battlegroup level. First, engagement is king. The reality is that our audiences have short attention spans; research suggests that short 10-second video clips will provide the most impact, particularly if slickly edited with music and effects. This has been done in Ukraine with combat footage, particularly involving antiAI and anti-tank missiles. Further to this, the use of humour in the right circumstances can further boost engagement. Secondly, we must have an awareness of nefarious actors on social media and the ways they may be exploiting our own actions. This may take the form of re-posting our own content in a different context.

We must also be aware that it may be difficult for us to be aware of such actions (due to those algorithms) – but the known unknown is less likely to catch us out than the unknown unknown. Ensuring that our content cannot be misconstrued is vital if we are to successfully utilise social media.

Whether we like it or not, social media is here to stay, and untold millions of people around the world use it as their primary means of information. We must engage with it at all levels, do so intelligently, and have an awareness of the inherent dangers.

ADVENTUROUS TRAINING & SPORT SUMMER HIKING IN THE SCOTTISH HIGHLANDS LCpl Dungey The Cairngorms National park is the largest and wildest in Great Britain. It contains some of the most testing and rewarding hiking and hillwalking experiences. With a sense of adventure in our minds, a raggedy pack of six arrived in Inverness.

mountains gave us a clear indication of the challenge that lay ahead. We went up on the trail and it wasn’t long until we found ourselves in knee deep snow.

It was early April and what was meant to be a weeklong Summer Mountaineering Foundation (SMF) course felt more like a late Winter Mountaineering Foundation (WMF) course due to the winter type conditions. This gave everyone a little shock at first but with that “carry on” soldier mentality we were keen to get up in the snow and have a great week out in the wild.

in the mountains can be very unpredictable and unforgiving. With that in mind we went out to find snow on Coire an Sneachda trail near Cairngorm Mountain. Here we went on to learn the necessary survival skills such as use of an axe, crampons and progressing on to ice axe arrests. Even though the weather was quite challenging at times, it turned out to be an amazing day learning winter survival skills.

After a short lunch break, we learned self-ice arrest axe drills on a steep Icy slope which turned out to be tricky to say the least. With the weather coming in with high winds and the temperature falling to -17 degrees, we got on our crampons and carried on to the summit. The last 100 meters proved to be the longest and the most challenging of the week, but we reached the summit.

The first day started with the winter kit issue which was followed by a meet and greet with our instructor for the week. We went out on our first hike in the afternoon on Meall a’ Bhuachaille trail which was a good taster to the beautiful Cairngorms landscape filled with breath-taking views and gave us an opportunity to dust off our navigational skills on a testing trail.

After a thrilling day two, day three should have been a step up to test everyones’ comfort zones a little more on Cairn Lochan trail but we had another setback with two more members going “man down” including myself. One due to an existing heart condition and myself coming down with a debilitating form of man-flu.

The final day saw us hand back our kit after a brief orienteering trail in Aviemore. We made up two teams of two and had a contest to see who could get the most checkpoints in a limited time slot we were given. My team managed to find 13 where the other team only got 9.

Day two started with us losing one member of the team due to covid like symptoms but the rest of us cracked on with learning about useful weather websites and we were given a few tips on how to read the weather correctly using weather charts - we all know weather

On day four, the raggedy pack of six turned into a team of three. We had a heavy snowfall overnight so a big challenge lay ahead of us. We all knew our comfort zones would be pushed to the limits as we were hoping to make the summit of Coire an Sneachda. As we pulled up in the car park, the snow on the

All in all, it wasn’t your average week of hiking in the Highlands and certainly not the Summer Mountain Foundation training we had planned, however it was an amazing experience. The mountains pushed us to our limits and it brought everyone closer as team. We loved it.

THERE AND BACK AGAIN, A TALE OF FALCON’S 3 PEAKS CHALLENGE LCpl Evans

FALCON Squadron have been stretching their legs and mountaineering skills recently with the test of the mighty UK 3 Peaks Challenge, with a slightly different goal of achieving a peak a day rather than the 24-hour challenge that we are sure will soon follow. Starting early on Monday the 6 June, a team of 12 climbers and four support staff set off on a lengthy drive to Argyllshire to set up camp for the night, before starting the ascent of the first and largest of the UK 3 Peaks - Ben Nevis. Members of the Squadron stepped off from the base camp early in the morning, luckily for the most part the sun was beaming for the Squadron but after around the 1200m point the Troops were met with snow and colder weather. Undeterred, they pressed on and were rewarded at the summit with a stunning view when the clouds cleared for all of four minutes. After some summit beers and a cigar or two FALCON made a rapid descent and had conquered Ben Nevis in around four hours. After a short stretch off and a long drive to Cumbria, the troops set their sights on Scafell Pike. Upon arriving at base camp, the troops were greeted by the SQMS who laid on a feast of a BBQ and allowed the troops to re energise and rest before tackling the next challenge. 50

After a good night's rest, the Troops stepped off at 0800 hrs once more to ascend the infamous Pike. This time the weather didn’t hold back. After around 400m of ascent, the weather made itself known and did its best to try and blow the Troops off the mountain. After realising the wind wouldn’t work, the weather then tried to drown the climbers with lashing rain from all angles and only 20m visibility. FALCON was slowed, but not stopped. At the summit the Troops took a brief rest and ate what dry food they had left and admired what view they could all the while enjoying a brief but bitter victory over the mountain before a tricky descent down the wet rocks and loose gravel. Back at base camp the Troops dried off, stretched off and began their final leg heading to slate city, North Wales.

Heading at best speed, the Squadron headed for the final mountain in their way; Snowdon. At 1083m, it’s the second largest mountain of the journey, (the tallest being Ben Nevis at 1345m shortest being Scafell Pike at 978m.) Starting from the Pyg track car park, the Squadron stepped off on the final leg. This one however was different, with possibly the hardest climb so far as it pushed the troops to their limits, some points where it was so treacherous, they required the troops to almost be rock climbing straight up, while mother nature yet again did her best to hurl them back down the mountain. After a lengthy and at some points hair-raising climb, the Troops were delighted to once again wave the Regimental flag at the final summit. After another wet and windy victory, it was time to head home, to the troops. To their surprise they were greeted at the bottom by a very friendly café owner who along with his two Labradors closed off his café to other customers and allowed FALCON to indulge in some victory beers and a cake for Cpl Birch’s birthday. After a few laughs and stories, he bade us farewell with a friendly handshake and pat on the back - testament to the Welsh hospitality. A job well done by all who took part.

RUSTY PUTTER Capt C Wright

AJAX SSM tees off on a tricky par 4 on the Lakes

After 18 months dispersed around the world, the members of the Royal Tank Regiment finally had the opportunity to come together to compete for the coveted Rusty Putter Trophy in the Officers vs. Seniors Golf Competition.

put players anywhere near a position to putt. Despite the challenge that the hole presented, the team were finally underway and getting into their stride.

This year’s competition was held over two days at Sandford Springs Golf Club in Hampshire. The club boasts three exceptional 9-hole courses, the Woods, the Lakes, and the Parks. Our team had the opportunity to play all three this year, with the first day consisting of the Woods and the Lakes; the second day playing the Parks and Lakes courses. Sandford Springs is a stunning location, and no less challenging than it is beautiful.

Hole 13 was another memorable one. After a downhill tee-shot onto a left dog-leg bend, players faced yet another punishing water hazard to get themselves onto the green. Greens on the course over the two-day event ran like ice, with several players falling foul of watching a beautiful approach shot skate off the back of the dance floor.

(and some friendly heckling) as each match got underway. The first hole on the Woods was not the easing-in that the players had hoped for. A tough par 4, including a blind drive over the crest of a slope, the hole punished players for staying wide of the fairway. From there, a difficult second (or fifth for some) shot back up a steep hill to the green was needed to

Giving players an additional two strokes to their handicaps, the courses tested our players to the max. Tricky dog-legs tee shots and intimidating Par 3s over water hazards onto small greens meant the course offered little reprieve. The competition format for the event was a pairs four-ball Stapleford. Two Officers were paired with two Seniors for every match; the winning team was the one with the highest collective Stapleford score. A few individual prizes were up for grabs too, with competition for ‘Closest-to-the-Hole’, ‘The Longest Drive’ and, of course, ‘Most Golf’. Day one held the competition day, demanding our players arrive with their A-game – which they absolutely did. After warming up on the driving range and zeroing their putters on the practice green, the teams assembled in the Club House Garden for the obligatory pre-round beverage. Once H Hr finally rolled round, the golfers of His Majesty’s finest tank regiment gathered around the 10th tee box to offer warm support 51

The Lakes course really kept the heat on for the teams, with more hazards, hedgerows and hozzle-rockets abound. It is safe to say that over the course of the day, competitors truly earned their post-match beer! After the competitive round was done, the team had the chance to get together over dinner in the club house to celebrate their respective good round or forget their poor one. The atmosphere of the event was one of team spirit, with everyone enjoying the opportunity to get out and play. The following morning the tension at breakfast was palpable. Scores had been tallied and everyone teetered on the edge of their seat to hear the result. The Warrant Officers’ and Sgts Mess have owned the trophy since the inception of the competition in the 1980s, but it was an unignorable fact that the Officers had put out a good performance the day before. First, the individual prizes were announced. The prize for Longest Drive was awarded to Capt Halkerston, who cleared in excess of 300 yards from the tee with a long iron, while closest to the pin went to Capt Southiere. Very well done to both! Finally, the result of the overall competition was to be announced. With an overall score of 250 to 210, the winners of the 2022 Rusty Putter… the Officers’ Mess! Thank you to all players in attendance for Rusty Putter 2022. We look forward to seeing everyone back next year and hope to see even more Mess members on the course.

FIJIAN COMMONWEALTH GAMES DELEGATION Tpr Baravilala The Fijian community in Tidworth is one of the biggest in the UK, and as such they are incredibly highly valued for important tasks such as hosting VIPs and foreign dignitaries. Tpr Baravilala of CYCLOPS Squadron, was lucky enough to be selected to help host the Fijian Delegation, including the President, who were visiting for the Commonwealth Games. On 27 July 22, Tpr Baravilala was put in charge of organising a traditional welcome to the Presidential delegation, as well as organising the decorating of the Copthorn Tara Hotel in Kensington, London and supervising the placement and cooking of food for the arrivals lunch. Following this, Tpr Baravilala was asked to help set up a Sunday church service in Coventry for not only the Presidential delegation, but for all the athletes representing Fiji at the Commonwealth Games.

Finally on 2 August 22, Tpr Baravilala organised a traditional flower ceremony at the High Commission of Fiji as a farewell to the President and his entourage before they continued their journey on to the Middle East.

This was an incredible opportunity for one of our Commonwealth soldiers to represent the Regiment at the highest level, and also being able to give back to their country while serving away from home.

Unfortunately, Fiji lost in the final of the Rugby 7s in both the womens and mens games, however, a silver medal at the Commonwealth Games is still an incredible achievement for such a small nation.

RTR/RAC RUGBY TEAM UPDATE Lt M Lawrence

Since our last game against Pewsey in July 2021, the RTR rugby team has been somewhat quiet. Members of the team deployed on various Op CABRIT tours in Estonia. The Regiment has found it difficult to produce the numbers required to participate in many league or friendly games.

Members of the RTR representing the RAC Rugby Team in Bovington

This has not, however, prevented members of the wider squad playing touch rugby on most Wednesday afternoons, as well as training and playing with local civilian teams such as Salisbury, Pewsey, and Marlborough. Even with three quarters of the team away, the RTR has had great success at Corps level, and has produced multiple representatives from across the Regiment. The RAC had a mixed season of results. One of the standout games was beating the Infantry at home in Bovington, the only team this season to get the better of them! Another highlight was winning against the RAMC in both home and away fixtures. However, the RAC struggled against the physicality that the

Royal Signals brought, losing both fixtures in very close games. Nonetheless the RAC had accumulated enough points to progress into the Inter-Corps finals at Aldershot military stadium against the Infantry. The RAC selected their strongest outfit to play in the final and although the RTR had several Corps-level players absent, the team performed well on the day. Lt Lawrence, Cpl Vinakadina, Cpl Gibbons and LCpl James, coached by SSgt Longhurst, took to the field as part of the RAC team to try and gain promotion to the top tier of Corps rugby. Unfortunately, it was not to be, even with the late surge of tries to bring victory within sight, the RAC lost 36-29.

With the return of both the RTR and Royal Welsh Battle groups from Op CABRIT 9 and 10, I am confident that the RTR rugby team will go from strength to strength, and we will not only provide representatives at Corps level, but at Army level for the upcoming season. The Rugby team has already started to prepare for the 22/23 season and have arranged friendly games against local clubs, including a game against the Griffins in early November.

RAC REPRESENTATIVES 21/22: Lt Lawrence (RAC Captain), Sgt Barrett, Sgt Takel, Cpl Vinakadina, Cpl Gibbons, LCpl Jimmy James, LCpl Lagonilakba, Tpr Baravililala, Tpr Tabakanaca, Tpr Qiolevu, Tpr Howe.

HISTORICAL ARTICLES THE THIRD BATTALION, ROYAL TANK REGIMENT IN THE WESTERN DESERT, JUNE-JULY 1942 Lt Col PJW Macro RTR Following on from last year’s Tank article describing the involvement of The Third Battalion, Royal Tank Regiment (3RTR) in the 1941 Campaign in Greece, this article will cover the Third’s battle in the Western Desert in June and July 1942. The period chosen covers the low point of 3 RTR’s fortunes in the desert when the Regiment, following the initial success of blunting Rommel’s attack at Gazala, almost ceased to exist. After a brief period of being combined with 8th Hussars the Regiment spent most of this time as a combined grouping with 5 RTR. Initially ad hoc, the group became known as the 3rd/5th RTR battlegroup, and through July had BSquadron of the Third formally attached to it while it fought through the First Battle of Alamein. Meanwhile the remainder of the Third was re-equipped back in the delta. Again I will focus on 3RTR rather than the strategic picture or the other units. The war diary for the period has survived; I have drawn on this and also the reminiscences of the officers and soldiers of the Third quoted in William Moore’s Panzer Bait and Patrick Delaforce’s Taming the Panzers, as well as Edward Wilson’s history of 5 RTR, Press on Regardless. On 7th June 1942, 3 RTR dispersed at first light to positions of observation along the ridge at Point 171 about 25 miles south of Tobruk. A large concentration of enemy transport was observed 6000 yards to the Regiment’s front facing North. The Regiment made contact with 22nd Armoured Brigade on their right. Patrols were pushed forward to gain information but little appeared to change through the day.

Map - Gazala

At 1735 hours 3 RTR moved into the attack, supported by 1 RTR on the left, using fire and movement and bombarding the transport and anti-tank guns with 75 mm HE and supported by RHA guns. In the evening about 30 enemy tanks appeared to 3 RTR’s front. At around 1915 hours the CO’s tank was knocked out by the premature explosion of a 75mm HE shell in the breach. The crew, including the CO, Lieutenant Colonel “Pip” Roberts and the Adjutant Captain Peter Burr, were evacuated, wounded. The gunner was killed. Captain James Granton over temporary command of the Battalion.

in the Tank Corps in the late 1920s or early 1930s. He served as a Corporal with 2nd Light Tank Company in India, being awarded the India General Service Medal with the North West Frontier 1935 clasp and a Commander in Chief’s Certificate for his part in the 1935 NWF Mohmand operations. By 1936 he was serving with 2nd Battalion RTC, in Farnborough. He married Christina Wilkie Drysdale in March 1937 and the couple had a daughter born in 1939. As a WOIII (Platoon Sgt Major), James Granton was granted an emergency commission as a Lieutenant 13th April 1940. He survived the war, was awarded the MBE and was also MiD. He died in British Columbia, Canada 18 January 1999.

James Granton: was born in Melrose, Scotland 6 October 1907. Having spent some time with the RAF reserves Granton probably enlisted

At 2100 hours the light failed and the Battalion withdrew to laager at Pt 171. Corporal “Buck” Kite recalled towing the CO’s Grant back three

miles into this laager. “The inside was full of bits of flesh and spattered with blood … we buried the gunner, Sergeant Burn and the driver Topper Brown.” (I can find no reference to the latter name as a casualty; and there is confusion amongst various accounts as to how many of the crew were killed, or later died of wounds, in this incident). Early in the morning (0200 hours) of 8th June, 3RTR re-established communication with 4th Armoured Brigade. At 0530 hours they sent out patrols to the West and North West. The Regiment also reorganised to form one Squadron of Stuarts (15 tanks) and one Squadron of eight Grants. RHQ retained one Grant and two Stuarts. At 0730 hours the Regiment reported a concentration of enemy transport and then 46 Mk II & III tanks, halted facing South East. A couple of hours later two 55

100 enemy tanks were reported in sight as well as 800 transport dispersed in the area of B 729. At 2130 hours 3rd/5th RTR group leaguered 3 miles North of Pt 171. John Pell Archer-Shee was born in 1906, the son of Lieut-Col Sir Martin Archer-Shee DSO, MP for Finsbury. The name Pell came from his mother’s maiden name. John was educated at the Oratory School, Edgbaston, Warwickshire. He was a 10th Hussar and was awarded the MC for his “conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty in temporary command of 3/5 RTR at a very difficult period of the operations.” The following day, 12th June, around first light, 3rd/5th RTR group took up a battle position at B 742 facing South with 1/6 RTR on the left. At 1000 hours the group had a fierce encounter with enemy tanks and anti-tank guns. 1/6 RTR received heavy casualties and were forced to withdraw. 4 Armoured Brigade started to Grants in the Western Desert 1942 – credit IWM

trucks and an ambulance were captured and 11 PoWs taken. At midday, orders were received from Brigade for the Regiment to move into reserve behind Brigade. ASquadron (of Stuarts) was to be attached to 6 RTR, while 3RTR was to be combined with 5 RTR. That evening 5 RTR arrived and took over command 3RTR to form the 3rd/5th RTR group. Within this 3RTR formed one Squadron of Grants. At 2100 hours 3rd/5th RTR group leaguered at Pt 171. A Echelon was reorganised to form a party to relieve pressure on Bir Hachiem, reducing to essential vehicles only. All unnecessary vehicles were to be returned to B Echelon the following day. At 0500 hours on 9th June, under command of 7 Motor Brigade, the 3rd/5th RTR group moved to B. 729 then to B. 750 and along the track towards Bir Hachiem, attempting to relieve the Free French. At 1200 hours the forward patrols contacted an enemy column on the line B 767 – B 746. The Grants took up battle positions facing West and North West. The enemy column consisted of transport, 88mm and 105mm guns and was engaged with 25 pounders and 75mm fire. The visibility was poor but some damage was inflicted on the transport. At 2100 hours the 3rd/5th RTR group withdrew and conducted a night march to laager at Baltet Es Sciousc. Throughout 10th June 3RTR A Squadron’s Stuarts remained with 6 RTR. At 0500 hours 56

that morning the 3rd/5th RTR group moved to Pt 142 and, on arrival, took up a position of observation. At 1600 hours they again moved towards Bir Hachiem to give a demonstration of force. They made contact with an enemy force consisting of guns, armoured cars and 12 Mk III tanks. The enemy column was engaged with 75 mm HE at 2500 yards range. At 1730 hours the group moved West and was engaged from the North by enemy 105mm artillery. From 2130 hours 3rd/5th RTR group night marched to a leaguer at Pt 145. That evening the Germans finally broke into the Bir Hachiem Box and during the night the Free French withdrew leaving much of their equipment behind. At 0230 hours on 11th June 3rd/5th RTR group laagered. The rest was brief; at 0530 hours the group dispersed and from 0830 hours moved to a battle position at Baltet Barham facing West and North West. At 1000 hours they were ordered to join 7 Armoured Division at B 743, arriving at 1400 hours and coming back under command of 4 Armoured Brigade. By 1415 hours the group was in a battle position at B 743 facing South West. At 1500 hours the 3rd/5th RTR group was withdrawn to Brigade reserve and Lieutenant Colonel Archer-Shee was appointed to take over command. At 1700 hours a battle position 2 miles East of B 743, facing South West was adopted. ASquadron rejoined 3rd/5th group and shortly afterwards

Lt-Col JP Archer-Shee as a subaltern in India in the early 1930s

withdraw North with 3rd/5th RTR group acting as rear-guard. The group made a stand on a convenient escarpment. At 1830 hours 50 enemy tanks put in a determined attack. The group claimed four Mk III destroyed, but essentially the brigade was pincered between 15th and 21st Panzer Divisions. At 1930 hours the Grant Squadrons withdrew from the escarpment leaving 3 RTR and 5 RTR LightSquadrons covering. Half an hour later the Grant Squadrons were ordered back up the escarpment again but were unable to comply due to a lack of ammunition. The group leaguered at 2100 hours that evening. The next day, 13th June, the 3rd/5th RTR group again adopted a battle position at

dawn. The day was quiet with no major sightings until 2015 hours when the group was ordered to Maabas El Regel to support 1/6 RTR. A battle position was taken up and enemy tanks, transport and guns were seen on the escarpment attempting to push North. These were engaged with 75mm HE and, although some enemy tanks moved down the escarpment, six Mk III Tanks and six transport were destroyed. The group leaguered at 2200 hours. Although the Knightsbridge Box was cut off, this counter attack by 4 and 22 Armoured Brigades enabled the Guards to withdraw in good order. The group was dispersed on 14th June, which was used as a day of rest and maintenance. At 2015 hours they were ordered to move to Brigade HQ to hand over their tanks to 22 Armoured Brigade before moving to Capuzzo for re-equipping. However, no crews were available so the tanks were retained. At 2200 hours the group formed up with Brigade HQ and commenced a night march through the Tobruk perimeter, which they achieved by 0700 hours, 15th June, when they halted. One other rank was reported as a casualty, wounded on a minefield. At 1200 hours they came onto 30 minutes notice to move and at 2130 hours they leaguered in this location. At 0600 hours 16th June the 3rd/5th RTR group dispersed from their laager and started to move east skirting the Sidi Rezegh area which was known to be held by the enemy. At 1000 hours an enemy column was observed which consisted of 20 tanks, 200 transport, anti-tank guns and artillery. It was moving North towards the road and was engaged with artillery. At 2100 hours the group leaguered again. On 17th June the group dispersed at 0530 hours. The R.H.A. were sent to deal with 200 transport with 9th Lancers providing protection to the guns. At 1700 hours the group received an urgent message from the R.H.A. who were being attacked by about 50 enemy tanks. The Brigade (such as it was) moved to assist and took up a battle position on the left of the R.H.A. with the 3RTR GrantSquadron on the right and the 5 RTR GrantSquadron on the left. At 1730 hours they were engaged by heavy anti-tank fire and about 50 Mk. III and IV tanks from the North, with a further 50 enemy tanks attacking from the West. The group claimed four enemy tanks destroyed but at 1900 hours the R.H.A. were forced to evacuate the position. At 1930 hours the group withdrew, rallied and then

Grant tank crew loading with ammunition. 18 June 1942. Credit IWM photo 13552

leaguered at 2130 hours. 3RTR lost three Grants and two Stuarts and reported one OR killed and six OR wounded, five OR missing, believed POW. It was probably this action that Corporal “Buck” Kite was describing when he said: “The next day we were told we had to delay the advance of the enemy’s armour and set out in the company of a battery of 25-pounders. We took up a position on a ridge with the 3RTR contingent on the right

The driver of a Grant tank takes a closer look at a gouge in the armour plate made by a 50mm anti-tank round, Libya, June 1942. Credit: IWM photo E 13261

and the guns immediately to the right of us. My Grant looked a bit more dangerous than it was as the 75mm had been useless for some time. The wireless had also broken down but the 37mm could fire. Sure enough in the late afternoon about fifty enemy tanks appeared over a ridge about 800 yards to our front and for about an hour the air was thick with shells. My own Grant was hit repeatedly, but, though it shuddered and shook, nothing went through the armour and, what with the 25-pounders firing solid shot over open sights and us blazing away with our AP [Armour Piercing], we inflicted enough damage to make Jerry stop and think……I kept one eye on Lieutenant Seed, as I had no wireless, and at dusk, when the enemy tanks started to advance again, he waved, indicating we were going to retire. We both began backing slowly, still engaging the enemy, but on glancing round I was a bit startled to see the rest of the moveable tanks, about six in all, racing away into the blue.” On the morning of 18th June 1942, the 3rd/5th RTR group dispersed from their laager. They were out of touch with Brigade HQ but re-established contact at 0830 hours. In the mid-afternoon they rejoined 4 Armoured Brigade. They conducted replenishment and B Echelon joined the Brigade area. The rest of the 57

day was spent on maintenance and cleaning up. The following day the Group’s remaining two Grants were handed over to 6 RTR. Planning was initiated for a possible move to the rear for a quick re-equipment. That evening the remaining five Stuarts were handed over to 5 RTR to form a Stuart Squadron for column work. On 20th June, the Group dispersed from laager and at 0645 hours started to move to El Beida. At 0730 hours they joined up with B Echelon, by which time all personnel were travelling on B Vehicles. El Beida was reached at 1100 hours and the group moved on to Bir Kereigat which was reached at 1600 hours. The Group laaguered here, coming under command of 1 Armoured Division, and remained in place all day 21st June. The 3rd/5th RTR group then moved successively to Khamsa (22nd June), Bir Qatrani (23rd June), Kanayis (24th June), Bir (24th June) and Fuka. Having arrived at Fuka at 1730 hours on 25th

WM Hutton as a Lieutenant-Colonel (with Monty during the war),

June the Group went into an open laager to the North of the coast road. Contact was made with the Tank Delivery Squadron but there was no news of replacement tanks. Reveille for the Group was at 0600 hours on 26th June and bathing then took place. The CO addressed the Group at 0930 hours stating that 3rd/5th RTR would soon be re-equipping. At 1300 hours the Group moved East via Daba eventually leaguering at 2100 hours just North of the coast road at El Imayid. The diarist highlighted that the Group had now been travelling in B Vehicles for seven days trying to locate the Tank Delivery Regiment and now had 74 spare crewmen and so could produce one Grant Squadron. Through to 30th June the days were marked by rest and bathing and continuing uncertainty 58

about replacement tanks, while twice, at night, the group was bombed and machine gunned from the air, fortunately without casualties. On 28th June six Officers and OR’s were sent to Alexandria for 24 hours leave. Then on 30th June, at 0830 hours the CO and Adjutant went to Alexandria to discuss the possibility of reequipping with Crusader rather than Stuart tanks. That afternoon word was received that 3rd/5th RTR was to come under command of the Tank Delivery Regiment and be used for tank ferrying. One Troop of Grants was to be manned by 5 RTR crews and sent to 9 Lancers. A Liaison Officer was sent to the Tank Delivery Regiment. The personnel of 3rd/5th RTR Group moved by road to Amiriya, on 1st July, locating with the Tank Delivery Squadron. Late that evening six Crusader tanks arrived at the Group. The following day, the CO brought news from the Tank Delivery Squadron. 3rd/5th RTR were to be equipped with twoSquadrons of Grants and one of Stuarts. 3RTR was to supply six Stuart crews and eleven Grant crews. The remainder of the 3rd/5th RTR group was to return to Khatba. At 1700 hours a Squadron Leader’s conference was held to discuss the redistribution of the Echelon. Later that evening Major W.M. Hutton returned from hospital and spoke with Lieutenant Colonel Archer-Shee. The next day, 3rd July, The CO (LieutenantColonel Archer-Shee) and Major Hutton went to 8th Army HQ. They returned at 1000 hours, and it was announced that Lieutenant-Colonel Archer-Shee was to relinquish command of 3rd/5th RTR Group to Major Hutton, who was promoted Lieutenant Colonel. 22 B vehicles were transferred to 5 RTR to make up their Echelon. 18 B vehicles were given to Major Granton to form an echelon for his Grant Squadron (BSquadron). The remaining B vehicles were organised to carry stores and the Left out of Battle party. William Morland Hutton (known as Jim) had been commanding the Recce / StuartSquadron (ASquadron) of 3RTR on 27th May 1942 when he was wounded. For his actions on that day he was subsequently awarded a bar to his Military Cross. He went on to command 5 RTR when they were reformed and was awarded the DSO for the Regiment’s actions in the pursuit into Tunis in 1943. Known with 5 RTR as “Fearless Jim”, after the war he reached the rank of Major General. He died in 1994, aged 77. At 0900 hours on 4th July a CO’s parade was

WM Hutton as a Major-General (Credit National Portrait Gallery)

held to allow Lieutenant Colonel Hutton to explain what was happening. At 1500 hours the 3rd/5th RTR Battle group left to join XXX CORPS, under command of Lieutenant Colonel Hutton, but left Major Granton’s Grant Squadron (BSquadron), waiting for tanks. At 1800 hours five Grants were received from the Tank DeliverySquadron. All the following day, 5th July, was spent waiting for tanks at Amiriya. On 6th July 3RTR reformed as a separate unit under command of Major C.B. Franklin and moved to Khatatba. Major Granton’s B Squadron remained at Amiriya, as part of the 3rd/5th RTR Battle Group. From this date until they rejoined 3RTR the War Diary is shown in two parts with B Squadron shown separately from the remainder of 3RTR On the afternoon of 6th July, B Squadron collected 12 Grant and Lee tanks, loaded on transporters and moved off. They offloaded at El Hamman and laaguered complete with their B Echelon. 3RTR: The story of the Third is relatively straightforward for the remainder of the period. At 1200 hours 7th July 3RTR moved into a tented camp at Khatatba. Major Franklin and Captain Barker went to Cairo to speak with Lieutenant-Colonel “Pip” Roberts who had been released from hospital. 8th July was spent organising camp and a kit inspection was conducted 9th July. On 11th July there was an inspection of the lines and orders were received to move the next day to Quassasin and report to 8 Armoured Brigade Group. On 12th July, 3RTR moved to Quassasin, arriving at Tahag Camp 30 at 1500 hours. Major H.M. Strange rejoined. They formally became part of 8 Armoured Brigade. The following day, at 1100 hours, Lieutenant-Colonel G.P.B. Roberts, Major C.B. Joly and Captain P.F. Burr re-

joined from sick leave and Lieutenant-Colonel Roberts re-assumed command of 3RTR. An hour later, Brigadier E.C.N. Custance, another early tankie, Commander 8th Armoured Brigade visited the Battalion. On 14th July arrangements were made for special leave with the first party to depart for seven days on 15th July. From 16th to 18th July 1942 the few remaining personnel of 3RTR were occupied organising the new camp. On 19th July church services were held. The camp organisation was declared as “almost complete”, but the diarist complained of a shortage of accommodation stores. On 20th July a draft of 137 reinforcements arrived and were allotted toSquadrons. The following day the draft was inspected by the CO. On 22nd July the first leave party returned to 3RTR and the second leave party departed. The following day the Regiment drew one very old Grant tank, and one new Lee tank for training. A conference was held to discuss the training programme, which was based on individual training for a fortnight, assuming that all threeSquadrons would be equipped with Grant or Sherman tanks. On 24th July a draft of 64 reinforcements arrived and the CO went to the Base Depot to interview new officers. The following day 3RTR held a Battalion parade with an address by the Commanding Officer, after which he inspected the lines. On 26th July 1942 Lieutenant-Colonel G.P.B. Roberts DSO, MC, left to assume temporary command of 22nd Armoured Brigade. Major M.M. Strange assumed command of the Battalion. A warning order was received that the camp area would be changed slightly on 27th July; Nottinghamshire Yeomanry, Staffordshire Yeomanry and 3RTR were to occupy jointly areas 30 and 32 of Tahag.

not in action until 11th July, when at 0430 hours they broke laager and moved West, intending to attack the enemy around Miteirya ridge with the complete Brigade. 3rd/5th RTR was on the right, 3 Country of London Yeomanry left and 6 RTR in reserve. Enemy tanks, guns and transport were sighted in the area and the battle group took up position facing North West and North with B Squadron (3RTR) right and C Squadron (5 RTR) left. At 1030 hours 30 Mk. IIIs and IVs attacked supported by heavy gunfire. CSquadron lost four tanks, BSquadron one OR wounded, but the battle group claimed four tanks, one armoured car, and one troop carrier destroyed before the enemy withdrew, covered by heavy shelling by the enemy. The 3rd/5th RTR battle group laager was shelled during night with one OR wounded. 3rd/5th RTR with BSquadron supported the New Zealanders, Australians and South Africans in the Alamein area but were not seriously in action until 15th July. Again they were supporting the New Zealanders on Ruweisat Ridge and from 1500 hours until last light they were in action against enemy tanks (Mk. IIIs and IVs), artillery, and 88mm and 50mm anti-tank guns, holding the enemy

counter-attack against the New Zealand Division. Major Granton was wounded during this action and the Squadron 2ic, Captain J C Balharrie took over command. The 3rd/5th RTR Group, with B Squadron 3RTR, were in action again on 16th July, defending against enemy tank attack in the morning until forced to withdraw 2000 yards East at about 1000 hours. During this withdrawal B Squadron lost one tank destroyed, one tank damaged and abandoned, four tanks damaged and evacuated to the forward echelon and four personnel wounded. The battle group’s remaining four tanks came under command of B Squadron. Personnel of tanks evacuated from the battle area remained the whole day and laagered with A Echelon. The next day, the 17th, the Squadron re-organised with five tanks but were not in action. On 18th July they took over three Grant tanks from the County of London Yeomanry. They re-organised again so that HQ Troop had three tanks, No. 6 Troop three tanks and No. 7 troop three tanks. That evening theSquadron (less No. 7 Troop) moved to support an attack by 9 Indian Infantry Brigade. They were in action against about 13 enemy tanks (Mk IIIs and IVs) and anti-tank

3RTR was then engaged in individual training from 27th -31st July. On 29th July, Brigadier E.C.N. Custance visited the Battalion to see whether the arrangement of the new area was satisfactory. On 30th July the second leave party returned from Cairo and the third leave party departed. One new Grant tank was collected and Lieutenant J.S.W. Meikle R.N.F. joined the Battalion on attachment. On 31st July Lieutenants E.M. Phelan and J.R.D. Hudswell joined the Battalion. 3rd/5th RTR: BSquadron meanwhile had joined 3rd/5th RTR group on 7th July supporting 2nd Armoured Brigade. They were

First Alamein battle area

artillery and the infantry gained their objective. On 19th July the Squadron was in reserve to 9 Indian Infantry Brigade. They were attacked morning and afternoon by Stukas, but not damaged, and were shelled spasmodically all day. In the evening Major Granton resumed command. On 20th and 21st July the Squadron remained in readiness to support an infantry attack on Point 64, but were able to complete some maintenance and get some rest. They then, on 22nd July, prepared to support the infantry in another attack on Point 64 (Ruweisat Ridge (El Mreir)). The infantry reached the objective. 23rd Armoured Brigade then passed through to continue the advance but lost heavily when 21st Panzer Division counter-attacked. 3rd/5th RTR advanced to their assistance and initially helped to maintain the infantry at Point 64. However, they were forced to withdraw owing to heavy shelling and theSquadron followed, taking up a position 1000 yards East of Point 64. In the evening theSquadron was twice attacked by Stukas. The Squadron lost a Lee tank blown up on a minefield but no personnel. Captain Balharrie was awarded the Military Cross for his part in this action, dismounting under fire in order to lead his tanks out of a minefield. The following day, B Squadron moved to support the infantry as on the previous evening. Although a battle was raging, theSquadron was not involved. They were, however, throughout the day attacked by Stukas and ME 110s as well as being shelled spasmodically. Four men were wounded and Corporal Ogilvie and Trooper Riddles were killed. At 1615 hours the group was withdrawn to Divisional Reserve, joined up with the remainder of the Brigade (6 RTR and 9th Lancers) and laagered. BSquadron 3rd/5th RTR Battle group remained in laager through 24th, 25th and most of 26th July, conducting rest and maintenance. In the evening of this last day Major Granton was sent to hospital and Major Coombes, of 5 RTR, assumed command of B Squadron. Then at 2330 hours 26th July, the Group started a night march with the remainder of the 2nd Armoured Brigade. The following morning, at 0500 hours, they reached their destination. At 1000 hours they were bombed by Stukas. Major Coombes was taken to hospital and Captain J.C. Balharrie assumed command again. At 1400 hours the Squadron advanced one mile to the West. In the evening they were in action against three enemy tanks and anti-tank

artillery in support of the South African Division and 6 RTR, before laagering. The following day, 28th July, personnel from 5 RTR relieved B Squadron 3RTR except for one officer and 15 other ranks. Captain Balharrie and 14 other ranks left for B Echelon to re-join 3RTR, which they did on 30th July. On 1st August Brigadier Custance visited 3RTR to meet the officers and warrant officers. The following day Second Lieutenant Kirkham and 15 ORs re-joined from 5 RTR. Then Captain S.M. Johnson and Second Lieutenant B.J. Hamill re-joined 5 RTR on 3rd August; 3RTR was re-united as a Regiment and preparations for the Second Battle of Alamein were under way. Casualties: The following are recorded by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission: 7th June: 3956118 Serjeant James Patrick M Burns, aged 31, son of James J. and Marie E. J. Burns; husband of Eileen Burns, of Winchester. Serjeant Burns is buried in the Knightsbridge Cemetery. 7909117 Trooper Eric Vincent Redman, aged 27, commemorated on the Alamein Memorial. He was the son of Joseph and Lucy Redman, of Moston, Lancashire. 15th June: Lieutenant Cyril John Ernest Oxberry, aged 22, son of Walter George Oxberry and of Suzanne Yvonne Oxberry (nee Kaufman). (The Regimental War diary reports him missing on 17th June – how the CWGC has determined he died on 15th is not clear). Cyril Oxberry was born around January 1920 in Cambridge, to Suzanne Yvonne Kaufman, age 28, and Walter George Oxberry, age 32. He was commissioned into the Royal Tank Regiment in the summer of 1940 but when he joined 3RTR is not known. His body was not recovered and he is commemorated on the Alamein Memorial. He had an elder sister, Irene Yvonne (1916-1996), who during the war was married to an RAF officer,Squadron Leader (later Group Captain) John “Doggie” Oliver William Oliver. “Doggie” commanded 85 Squadron during the Battle of France and survived the war, but he and Irene were divorced in 1951. Trooper Stanley George Legg, aged 20. As he is buried at Heliopolis it is possible that he subsequently died of wounds. Stanley was the son of Henry William and Annie Beatrice Legg, of Higher Chillington, Somerset.

17th June: Trooper Stanley Tompkins, aged 25, commemorated on the Alamein Memorial. Son of Walter and Miriam Tompkins, of Deanshanger, Northamptonshire. Trooper Leslie Ernest Davis, aged 23, buried in Knightsbridge War Cemetery. Son of Harold Symmons Davis and Sarah Elizabeth Davis, of Cheltenham, Gloucestershire. Trooper Kenneth (Ken) Edward Hennah, aged 22, buried at Knightsbridge War Cemetery. Son of James Charles and Annie Hennah, of Ham, Surrey. 3rd July: 7903944 Trooper William Lindon. He died aged 21 and is buried in the Alamein War Cemetery. William was the son of Thomas and Elizabeth Lindon, of Leamington Spa, Warwickshire. Thomas and Elizabeth (nee Meadows) had married 25th August 1915 at Pemberton, St John The Divine, Lancashire. Thomas at that time went by the name of Haddock. When and why the family name was changed to Lindon is not known, but it certainly appears that William’s two elder brothers (Roy and Maurice) and elder sister (Elsie) were born as Haddock. William, who was named after his paternal grandfather, was also survived by his two younger brothers, Thomas and Lawrence. 23rd July: Corporal Thomas Ogilvie died aged 28 and is buried in the Alamein War Cemetery. He was the son of John and Mary Ogilvie (Mary nee Rodgers), of Coventry and was born 13th October 1913 in Whitburn, West Lothian. Thomas appears to have been the third child/ son of 9 children (7 boys, 2 girls) and what brought the family south to Coventry is not known. Trooper James Frank Alexander Riddles died aged 22. He was the son of Percy Frank Riddles and Ivy Christina Dennis and was born 9th January 1920 East Preston, Sussex/Hants. James had originally been a cavalryman, 12th Royal Lancers (Prince of Wales's), before joining 3RTR. He is commemorated on the Alamein Memorial. So far as I am aware he never married. James’s father, Percy Frank Riddles, had volunteered for the RASC in August 1914 and served throughout the first war, without going overseas, until discharged through sickness in 1919. Percy died in 1974.

KURSK – EIGHTY YEARS ON David Willey, Curator, The Tank Museum For tank aficionados – Kursk is often referred to as the greatest tank battle of all time. As is the way with history consistently being reviewed and revised – this claim is now challenged. It may well be that a greater tank engagement occurred two years earlier during the initial invasion of the Soviet Union at what became known as the Battle of Brody. However Kursk warrants study not just for its scale but for a number of issues that have a pertinence to the military forces of today. Cutting through propaganda, myths and small topic enthusiasms of the subject area are, it might be argued, as big a challenge for the modern military as for the historian. Kurks provides an opportunity to look at how the Soviet Union intended to fight with armour – and how this developed during the war. The tendency for this subject area to fixate on the kit and its tactical use has often obscured the ‘bigger picture’ of how the Red Army used tanks on its road to success.

THE PATH TO KURSK The aftermath of the German defeat at Stalingrad in January 1943 led to a major collapse of the German front line on the southern part of the Eastern Front. German forces were re-organised and Field Marshal Manstein took charge in the southern sector, gaining from Hitler permission for ‘unrestricted operational freedom’. Manstein had argued with Hitler since January 1941 that simply holding land restricted the ability of the Wehrmacht to best defeat the Red Army by using its mobile forces.

Manstein encouraged an attack on the Northern part of the bulge by Günther von Kluge, who commanded Army Group Centre. Von Kluge refused, stating his forces were still too weak from recent fighting. Plans for an immediate attack were postponed leading to Hitler issuing a new Operational Order No 6 stating the attack should be launched on the 3rd of May – it was given the codename Operation Zitadelle or ‘Citadel’. Ironically the initial plans emphasised the need for speed to stop the Soviet forces from building up defences or launching their own counter-attacks. The plan called for attacks from the north with the 9th Army under Walter Model and the

major part of the attack coming from the South with the 4th Panzer Army under Paul Hoth, spearheaded by the II SS Panzer Corps with the aim to pinch off the salient and shorten the German front line.

SOVIET PLANS The Soviets were supplied with important intelligence on German intentions by the Western Allies – Churchill insisted that Ultra decrypts showing the Citadel plans be shared with Stalin although the source was not revealed. The Soviets also had their own spy rings such as the Lucy circle based in Switzerland. Here disaffected German officers sent valuable

Manstein attacked North into the flanks of the advancing Soviet forces – re-taking major cities such as Kharkov and Belgorod. His successful advance led to Soviet forces being stopped from their Westward advance and sent South as a blocking force. By mid-March both sides faced exhaustion and the Spring thaw – or rasputitsa - brought movement to a standstill. The frontline ended with a major bulge into the German held area 160 miles from North to South and 60 miles from East to West. This huge bulge or salient – so obvious to see on a map – would be targeted with a swift attack by Manstein’s forces as soon as the ground would be firm enough to take tanks again. As early as the 15th of March Hitler approved such an offensive – but what seemed a sensible (and feasible) attack in March was to be delayed and morphed into a questionable offensive that finally took place in July.

Despite the enormous efforts that went into building defence lines by the Soviet forces – much of the imagery that was taken at Kursk shows wide open steppes with little sign of human activity. Here German Panzer IV tanks advance. They sport the ‘add-on’ armour of the day – schürzen. These 8mm skirts were intended to tumble and therefore lessen the impact of 14.5mm armour piercing rounds fired from single shot anti-tank rifles. Hitler likedand approved the idea in February 1943 and so extra protection was added to most German tanks and assault guns. Troop trials found the disadvantages outweighed the advantages of such a system – but it is doubtful if anyone told Hitler this.

information to Switzerland that was shared with a number of intelligence agencies. Stalin could also see the raw Enigma decryptions sent by his own spy – the traitor John Caincross – who was based in Bletchley Park. Stalin was initially keen to pre-empt the German attack with one of his own, but this position was changed by his Field Commander Georgy Zhukov who argued on the 8th April, ‘ It would be better to make the enemy exhaust himself against our defences, and knock out his tanks and then, bringing up fresh reserves, to go over to the general offensive..’ Stalin- despite his paranoia and concern over treachery – generally trusted his Army Commanders and agreed with Zhukov. At the end of April, the Red Army began readying their forces for a defensive battle. The two-month delay in the German attack gave the Soviets time to use over 300,000 civilians to assist in digging tank traps, making thousands of miles of trenches, building 686 bridges and 1,200 miles of new roads. Half a million anti-tank mines were laid – and nearly as many antipersonnel mines. Three main defensive lines were built up 25 miles deep and a further three lines as fall-back positions making the overall defences around 90 miles deep.

THE RED ARMY

that built tanks on a massive scale. However the purges by Stalin in 1937-8 decimated the Red Army leadership. Tukhachevskiy and two other Marshals were shot, 14 out of 16 Army commanders, 60 out of 67 Corps Commanders 130 out of 199 Divisional Commanders and around 35,000 officers were also shot or exiled. The Mechanised Corps was disbanded in 1939 and 15 Motorised Divisions and 32 Motorised Brigades instituted to replace them. The German success in the Spring of 1940 caused another re-think and eight mechanised Corps were reconstituted along with two tank divisions. In February 1941 the decision was made to form a further 20 Corps over a four–five year period. Existing structures were thinned to form cadre units to start the new units leaving existing Corps at about 50% of their official tank strength and few units having trained or deployed in their new formations. On top of this new tanks like the T-34 were arriving with units that the crews would need to familiarise themselves with. This then was the Army that had to meet the German invasion when it began in June 1941. Because of Stalin’s refusal to believe in warnings of a German attack (he had of course signed a non-aggression pact with Germany and was supplying Hitler with raw materials) the Red Army was in peacetime garrisons

when attacked. The Luftwaffe established air supremacy, destroying around 1,200 aircraft on the first day of operations. The early battles saw the loss of 28 divisions, 70 more lost half their strength. Counter attacks, in line with the Soviet offensive doctrine, achieved little. By midJuly only 90 combat ready divisions survived from an original 212. Swift restructuring of the remaining armoured formations into smaller, more easily handled units allowed for some tentative counter attacks in November and December 1941. The weak successes of these attacks led the Soviet high command to revert to the pre-war principles of their operational art. In 1942 replacement tanks became more readily available – soon reaching an average production figure of 2,000 tanks a month. New style Tank Corps units were formed consisting of two brigades, totalling 20 heavy or KV tanks, 40 T-34 and 40 lighter T-60 or T-70 tanks. To the armour was added a motor rifle brigade. The structure of these units would be changed as the command tried to find the best balance for the operational use – and the command structure itself changed – talent was creamed to lead the Tank and Mechanised Corps. The new formations tested their theories in the battles of May 1942 – problems still emerged. There were failures in staff work, logistical support, creating the right density of armour

The Red Army had suffered grievously in the opening stages of the German assault in the summer of 1941. Doctrine on how the Red Army would fight had been argued and written up by theorists such as M N Tukhachevskiy and K Triandafillov in the late 1920’s and the idea of ‘deep battle’ was thought out using the logic of scale and mass and the huge area of land the Red Army was likely to fight in. The addition of the ‘Operational art’ to the usual western theories of strategy and tactics was a distinct and new Soviet creation. The vision of creating large forces to carry out simultaneous and successive operations within a ‘front’ to defeat an enemy grouping and capture an area became a key aim of the Soviet military. It added a layer – summarised in 1931 by Aleksandr Svechin - ‘Tactics makes the steps from which the operational art leaps; strategy points out the path’. The theory was published as doctrine in the Soviet manual PU-36 and the Red Army with a mechanised Corps structure configured to put into practise the ‘deep battle concept’ and the USSR was one of the few countries in the 1930s 62

An assault gun negotiates an anti-tank ditch. The Sturmgeschutz was developed to add mobile, protected artillery support to infantry units, but it was used increasingly in an anti-tank role as the war progressed and was fitted with the 75mm Pak 40 anti-tank gun. This created a low profile, cheap to build anti-tank weapon that was used to great effect as the war progressed.

for the attack axis and Maskirovka (covering the wide area of deception and camouflage) let the Red Army down The German forces were aware of the coming Red Army attacks. Further failures later in the year led to a report that clearly identified these failures and led to a new manual - PU-42. The new manual brought results with a much more successful campaign built up around the flanks of the attritional battle of Stalingrad. This time Maskirovka worked well for the Soviets, and they were able to concentrate their forces to achieve a 2 to 1 ratio in tanks 1.5 to 1 superiority in artillery and 2 to 1 advantage in men. Secrecy was absolute and the resulting attacks led to a breakout crushing Romanian, German and Italian forces in their path. One Tank Corps advanced 240 km in ten days, killing or capturing 15,000 Axis troops, knocking out 84 tanks, 106 guns and capturing the airbase that resupplied Stalingrad - 300 aircraft were captured or destroyed. The new successes were however to be sharply curtailed as the advance continued leading to over stretched forces, running low on ammunition and fuel. Manstein’s counter attacks showed up a number of weaknesses the Red Army had to still address. Problems were identified as differing parts of the Tank Corps advanced at different rates and there was still a shortage of supply trucks and reconnaissance was poor. Production was still increasing in the Soviet factories along with the arrival of lend lease supplies like Studebaker trucks that were to be an essential part of growing efficiency of the Red Army logistics. At Kursk two thirds of Soviet tanks were T34 models, a third were light tanks and there was also a sizable contribution of Lend-lease British Churchill, Matilda II and Valentine tanks along with American M3 Lee tanks.

GERMAN DOUBTS Reconnaissance flights revealed the Soviet preparations to the German military and at the end of April, Model expressed his concerns to Hitler, arguing it might be better for the Germans to go on the defensive and only launch an attack after the Red Army had begun their own. Manstein too had misgivings as time wore on. Hitler held a conference on May 4th where he placed in front of a wide audience a series of arguments to stop the offensive or postpone it. Albert Speer, the Armaments Minister, talked

Hitler sponsored and backed certain new weapons, such as the Ferdinand (later renamed the Elephant) shown here. Such was his faith that they would alter the outcome of the battle he delayed the start date of Kursk for two months awaiting their arrival. The Ferdinand was a result of the failed bid to win the ‘Tiger’ project by Porsche. The 100 hulls he had already ordered to be built were re-used with a casement top housing the new longer L71 88mm gun with a greater range than the L56 88mm on the Tiger 1. Trouble with petrol electric drive and the lack of secondary armament meant a series of breakdowns and losses. Whilst the Germans were advancing at Kursk these tanks could be recovered but in the later retreats, half the new fleet were lost.

of production difficulties with new vehicles; Guderian argued ‘the attack was pointless’, Manstein argued in favour if the attack was reinforced; Kluge was all for the attack. Hitler came to no definite conclusion but later postponed the attack date until June. Guderian continued to argue against the offensive – the new tanks being assembled would be needed to defend Western Europe from the expected invasion that would be launched from Britain and, he argued, there was no obvious strategic outcome to the Kursk assault. Hitler said "I know. The thought of it turns my stomach” but he saw great hope in his new weapons, weapons that he personally had ordered and specified. These included the Panther tank, the huge Ferdinand panzerjagers and his Tigers. He also knew that after the Stalingrad defeat, he needed a positive victory as his Axis partners were displaying a weakening of their resolve; Italy was showing obvious signs of fatigue. Delays in the production and delivery of the new armoured vehicles that Hitler had placed such faith in, led him to agree to further changes in the start date for Citadel. As the Soviets continued to build defences and sew mines the German forces trained on assault tactics.

For the July 5th start the Germans had assembled 12 Panzer and 5 Panzergrenadier Divisions but lacked Infantry Divisions to secure and hold ground. Around ¾ of a million men, 2,451 tanks and assault guns and a concentration of the Luftwaffe to give local superiority were assembled. The Soviets gathered their forces using Maskirovka techniques, dummy airfields and defences were built, false radio traffic broadcast, transport of men, equipment and supplies only took place at night. The deception worked as German intelligence estimated Soviet tank strength at 1,500 vehicles, in fact 3,600 tanks – nearly half of the Soviet tank force had been assembled. They were backed by 1,300,000 men and 20,000 artillery pieces.

THE ATTACK Some initial infiltration into Soviet positions to obtain better observation points began on the 4th of July, the main attack started at 5.00am on the following day with hour-long barrages. In the North Model used infantry and assault guns to lead – including 85 of the new Ferdinands – reserving his Panzer Divisions to exploit any breakthrough. Initial advances 63

by the Wehrmacht managed to penetrate the main Soviet defence line up to five miles and early Soviet counter attacks were staved off. Attritional battles continued over the next three days on shrinking lines of German attack fronts. German forces were slowed and delayed by minefields, broken tracks, artillery strikes and anti-tank guns. In the Southern sector the advances of SS and Wehrmacht forces appeared to be more successful, breaking through the Soviet first line and supported by an overwhelming concentration of Luftwaffe airpower. By the evening of the first day’s attack some units were advancing into the second line of Soviet defences. However, advances were not consistent across the front and on the Eastern advance delays put those further forward at risk from flank attack. By the 8th of July the II SS Panzer Corps had advanced beyond the second line of Soviet defences and although losing considerable numbers of vehicles to mines (many were recovered and repaired) they gave Manstein cause for some optimism that the overall pincer movement of the attack might still succeed. On the 12th of July the SS Panzers were to renew their attack on Prokhorovka but as they assembled at dawn the reports came in from forward scouts of the noise of massed tank engines. The Fifth Guards Tank Army had assembled for a major counterblow and a meeting engagement ensued leading to huge losses mainly on the Soviet side. Later propaganda showed the battle to be a Soviet victory, but it could be argued that both sides failed. The Soviet counter-attack did not decisively beat back the Germans and led to large tank losses along with need to take up another defensive posture – and for the Germans their progress North through the Soviet defences was stifled.

cusp of a major breakthrough and won from Hitler the agreement to continue his attack. After three days of further fighting, Manstein's forces were directed to stop attacking and withdraw as their resources would be allocated elsewhere – one Panzer Division immediately being sent to Italy.

THE SIGNIFICANCE? Whilst the Luftwaffe and Panzer arm of the German forces achieved a ratio of around six to one against the Soviet opposition, the overall effect of the attack led to a strategic success for the Soviet forces. The breakthrough against the salient was not achieved by the German forces and now, having exhausted much of the new tank production, the German reserves were considerably weakened to meet the Soviet counter attacks. Despite the considerable losses, Soviet manpower reserves and the concentration of Soviet industry on tank production allowed the Red Army to turn swiftly to the operational offensive. Guderian wrote; “With the failure of Zitadelle we have suffered a decisive defeat…. From now on, the enemy was in undisputed possession of the initiative.” Hitler now took on even more of the decision making that should have been left to his

battlefield commanders – inevitably hampering the ability of the Wehrmacht to counter Soviet advances. Stalin in contrast looked more to the political ramifications of the war and trusted his field commanders to pursue their increasingly effective operational art. The development of the Red Army’s operational art is often overlooked by the emphasis on the sheer scale of their military machine. They used deception to great effect to achieve overwhelming force ratios in the areas of attack and effective staff work, sophisticated command and control saw swift changes in the direction and place of attack. The amount of ammunition, numbers of troops and vehicles required for each specific part of an operation was identified with increasing accuracy and sophistication. Kursk, as a battle, lies halfway through the evolution of the Red Army’s development in the Great Patriotic War. It also acts as a pivotal moment, it was the last great German offensive in the East with sophisticated armoured vehicles designed for a breakthrough attack. Tactically in many areas the Germans were successful but as Charles Dick, doyen of Soviet Studies, so clearly pointed out, ‘Winning battles is of minor consolation if you lose the campaign.’

CLOSURE On the 10th of July British and American forces had landed in Sicily and on the 12th Hitler called Manstein back to his headquarters at Rastenburg. For many in the German High Command ending the offensive seemed a sensible relief – especially as the Germans were aware of a potential Soviet counteroffensive. Hitler wanted some of the Panzer units to be sent to Italy immediately. However Manstein, unaware of the real Soviet strength, believed that his forces were on the 64

The new Panther tanks only arrived at the front at the end of June 1943 and despite having already been rebuilt in April and May many still had major mechanical issues. On the first day of battle 184 (of 200 in total) were available for use – within two days this had dropped to 40. The tank would gain in reliability over the following year but still needed a sensitive and well-trained driver to operate it effectively.

HOME HEADQUARTERS AND THE ASSOCIATION HOME HEADQUARTERS NOTES Regimental Secretary If you were fed up with the Coronavirus lockdown, spare a thought for those at home during the Second World War. Air raids, separation from loved ones and food rationing put the population under great stress. People could still go out, of course, but the range of entertainment available at home was very limited. How did people cope and occupy their time indoors, or when confined in shelters?

Accountant Gill McManus who is able to find the last farthing on a spreadsheet I have difficulty in understanding. I must not miss out Jane Devine, our Assistant Tank Journal Editor, who without her meticulous attention to detail would not allow the Journals many entries to see the light of day.

please contact HHQ in the first instance, all information is treated in confidence and with discretion. HHQ can’t financially assist individuals directly, all Regimental and Corps Benevolence Funds utilise the services of SSAFA and RBL caseworkers, most of whom are volunteers.

The wealth of expertise here can only further the support we give the RTR community. So… what a year, back to near normal with many events back on the calendar. We were able to support:

To finish I would like to thank all who have supported the HHQ team over this year, if you have any queries or questions please don’t hesitate in contacting the team, if you are in the area or visiting the Tank Museum pop in for a cup of tea and a chat. DCH

●R TRA Church Sunday and Curry Lunch ●A rmy V Navy Rugby

NOTICES 2022

●R oyal Hospital Chelsea – Founder’s Day

Army v Navy Rugby Match Sat 13 May 2023

●W estminster Abbey – Field of Remembrance ●R emembrance Service – Tank Museum ●C ambrai 105 ●C enotaph Parade and Church Service ●C hristmas Lunch for our Chelsea Pensioners

This wholesome image of a wartime family enjoying some ‘downtime’ is typical of those used by the Ministry of Information for public information and propaganda campaigns. Dad reads the newspaper, mum darns some tights (‘Make Do and Mend’...) and the children play quietly or broaden their minds with suitable reading material. This photo was taken in 1942 and captures the Chillingworth family in front of the fire in the living room of their suburban London home. So how was it for you? Let’s just Zoom, someone said and the beginning of the new online life started. Association Branches could now meet online and by all accounts new friends met up for the first time and those less mobile were found. HHQ functioned as normal and we were able to catch up on those tasks that sit in the in-tray as other priorities took over. I would like to thank and pay tribute to the team here at HHQ. Ange King who looks after the administration as our Chief Clerk with her firm grip of reality and who will always endeavour to keep me on the straight and narrow! Debbie Solomon who covers all aspects of our Benevolence to the RTR community with a focus to detail seldom found anywhere else and to our Regimental

There were of course other events in between the main ones listed and the Association Branches as always have their own events and support other events in their local community. As we move into 2023, the planned events will continue and we are back to the normal routine after a very successful 105th Commemoration in Cambrai. It was a very busy period for HHQ but one we can look back on with immense pride. I would like to thank all those Association members who have contacted HHQ, signposting a Veteran or their immediate family member who has been struggling during these difficult times and enabling the Regimental family to give assistance. It has also enabled us to carry out our support to the RTR Council through the year. I would once again like to thank all those of you who donate to the Regimental Benevolence Fund, either via the one Day’s Pay Scheme or by the donations we are given from time to time. A big thank you to the Association Branch Secretaries and the Managing Trustees for their support. So far, this financial year we have dealt with 42 general benevolence grants and we have also distributed 134 Christmas Hampers to members of our Regimental family. If you know of anybody who is struggling, be that mentally, physically or financially then

This year will be vastly different from all other events in that the tickets will be purchased by the individual(s) via the Twickenham Stadium AvN online ticket sales – live from Tue 29 Nov 22. The RAC will also be sharing a venue with the AGC in the ‘Line out Bar’ which has a capacity of 1200, both Corps receiving a 50/50 split (600) wristbands each – it’s a great bar and the atmosphere will be buzzing. The bar is located in the Lower 2 (L2) section of the stadium Match tickets and RAC wristbands are sold separately. The match tickets from Twickenham Stadium as per the link above (live on Tue 29th), and RAC wristbands can be purchased via the attached QR Code. Wristbands will be posted to individuals once payment has been made. Ticket purchase process: 1. Access the Twickenham Stadium ticket sales Link 2. Navigate to the stadium seating plan 3. Select a seat within desired stadium block /segment. Note: there is no allocated RAC section, seats can be purchased anywhere in the stadium. 4. On the drop down menu select Royal Armoured Corps – 600 tickets available. Ticket price: £40.00, £35.00, and £30.00 depending on selected seat. 65

RAC Wristband price: £7 (including administration charges and postage). RTR Association AGM – PM Sat 18 Nov 2023 The ATRA AGM will be held in the afternoon of the 18 November, further details will be promulgated during 2023.

●R emembrance Service: 12.00 – 12.45 ●R eception at Vintners' Hall: 13.00 ●T ransport

The

Barley

Mow:

14.30 The James Dewhurst Trust PURPOSE OF THE TRUST

RTR Officers' Cambrai Dinner Night London, Sat 18 Nov 2023

The aim of the James Dewhurst Trust is to give grants for four purposes:

The 2023 annual Officers' Cambrai dinner night will be held in the Cavalry and Guards Club 18 November. The event will be Black Tie, no medals. Attendance application proforma will be advertised by the Regimental Secretary by email in 2023. If you are not on the retired RTR persons email distribution list and, therefore, do not receive regular email updates, please contact the Regimental Secretary, who will add your name to the list.

●T o promote the undergraduate or post-

RTR March to the Cenotaph Day, Sun 19 Nov 2023 Timings and events are: ●P arade: 10.30 – form up on Horse Guards

Parade; 10.50 – march off to the Cenotaph; 11.25 – parade dismissed; 11.35 – transport to St Mary Aldermary Church

graduate education of descendants of the regular RTC and RTR Officers whose names have appeared in the Army List. ●T o make grants to assist the education of

such persons. ●T o provide financial or other assistance to

assist such persons to travel outside the United Kingdom in order to further their education. ●T o promote the efficiency of the RTR through

education Selection of Candidates: Selection will be based on: ●A n initial application for assistance, which

where possible, should come from the descendant who will benefit from the grant, but will accept applications from parents or guardians of the dependents if there are good reasons for this to be so

●P roof

that a university place has been accepted by the student

●C onfirmation of the subject that the student

is reading at university Applications: ●A pplications are to be sent to the Regimental

Secretary by 1 September each year, by hand written letter from the applicant ● I f

the applicant is a Gap Year student applying for a grant to participate in a project associated with their prospective university course, they should give the details in the letter of application

The Grant: ●S ize of the grant depends on two criteria: ●T he

amount of dividend received from investments in the Financial Year

●T he number of successful applicants

Follow up Action: Applicants for the following and subsequent years at university should come from the student with a brief report of their last academic year's mark and grade. No applicant will be eligible to receive more than four grants.

TIMOTHY ALLAN (TIM) CBE DL Tim Allen was awarded a CBE in the 2022 New Year’s Honours List for services to Business, Charity and the Arts. Tim was commissioned into the RTR in 1988 and served for 10 years, in 4RTR and 1RTR, where he was Adjutant in Tidworth. He left the Army as a Major in 1998 and pursued a career in banking and then went into business on his own. Tim Allan is a private equity and property entrepreneur with a broad range of philanthropic roles. Tim is a founding shareholder and director of MFG, the largest forecourt owner and retailer in the UK, and he owns Tricorn Capital, a diversified

private investment company with venture capital, private equity and commercial property interests. Tim became chair of the V&A Dundee in August 2019 and served recently as President of Scottish Chambers of Commerce from 2017 to 2021. In addition, he serves as a member of Court at the University of St Andrews since 2016, where he acts as board director too for the Eden Campus project at Guardbridge. Tim is a director of the Edinburgh based Archangels angel investment syndicate and has invested widely in early stage Scottish technology businesses., holds The Queen’s Award for Enterprise, is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts and serves as a Deputy Lieutenant for Clackmannanshire. Tim was in last year's Tank Magazine presenting a sword to Falcon Squadron.

100TH BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION FOR COLONEL CHRISTOPHER HUTCHINSON 5 MAY 2022 Christopher served in 48 RTR in World War 2, and saw active service in Italy in his Churchill tank, where sadly he was taken as a POW. 48 RTR was originally formed as a duplicate of the 42nd Royal Tank Regiment, a newly mobilised Territorial Army Unit, formerly the 23rd (County of London) Battalion. It was part of the 21st Army Tank Brigade equipped with Churchill tanks. During preliminary engagements before the Battle of Longstop Hill in Tunisia in 1943, it disabled a German Tiger I Tank. This vehicle was sent back to the UK and is currently the only operating Tiger tank in the world. Tiger 131 is now in the Tank Museum. He recalls: “In 1943, I served in North Africa as a Troop Leader in the 48th Royal Tank Regiment and was part of the offensive on the Cape Bon peninsula. The following year, I was sent to central Italy and was unexpectedly told one night to advance towards Rimini to cut off the main arterial road to the city. It was a dark night as the troops made their way forward in unfamiliar terrain, but a break in the clouds gave a clear view for about 10 seconds. I could see a section of infantry marching in the field parallel to my tank, about 50 yards away, and believed they were from the Royal 22nd Regiment of Canada. He then received the message that the Canadians were “nowhere near” and the troops were in fact the enemy. Suddenly I could see a flaming onion coming straight at the tank. It went straight over the top and whizzed by where I had ducked down a few minutes before. This was an anti-tank missile, fired from head on, from the enemy.

There was suddenly an “almighty crash'' and the tank started filling with smoke and flame, having been hit by another missile, killing the forward gunner and driver. The tank careered forward as the driver’s foot had jammed on the accelerator, while pieces of hot shrapnel were ricocheting round inside. He and a gunner managed to stagger out of a hatch and dived into a hedge to take cover. Unfortunately, it consisted of a trench, and in the trench were a section of Germans! That’s how we were taken prisoner". Christopher Hutchinson was born in Bamburgh and with his love of Northumberland was determined to return home after a full military career, which saw him posted to five different countries – always accompanied by his beloved late wife Audrey Jean (Jinny). His wartime memories are crystal clear including typically his vivid memory of his best 21st birthday present – lightweight sand coloured overalls – particularly appropriate as he was serving in the Royal Tank Regiment in North Africa. Following his capture by German paratrooper Forces in Northern Italy, Christopher also has vivid memories of his release from his POW camp, when he had the opportunity to see the larger than life, US General Patton. Christopher retired from the British Army whilst serving in a NATO HQ in Naples, Italy, and retired a second time having spent a number of years working in the same multinational HQ where his rank was described as a “Department of the Army Civilian”. He still loves the countryside of Northumberland above anywhere else in the world and a big treat for him is a trip over the moors to Wooler to buy an ice cream from Doddingtons Milk Bar which he remembers visiting 90 years ago!

CHALLENGER 2 GUNNER’S SIGHTS Ralph Bagnall-Wild

Challenger 2 Crown

Recently, I caught sight on television of a British Challenger 2 tank being transported east. Evident were two gunner’s sights which were designed in my department. All this happened almost 30 years ago when I was the manager of the “Fire Control Development Department”, about 50 strong, mainly graduate engineers. This was a department in Barr & Stroud, a high technology optical and electronic company. My novel design concepts conferred advantages over conventional designs, as I explain below, and were the reason why they were adopted in preference to competitor sights. There are two main sights, first the Visual (daylight useful), gyro stabilised, laser rangefinder sight. Second, the Thermal Imager (day and night useful) that provides viewing with aiming mark for tank commander as well as gunner. The visual sight is known as the “Gunner’s Primary Sight”, silly name but there you go. The Thermal Imaging (TI) sight is known on Challenger 2 as TOGS 2, as against TOGS 1 on previous tanks. I believe this sight is “primary”. The TOGS 1 design was based on my TOGS demonstrator. This company funded demonstrator was made despite frantic opposition from senior civil servants and technical staffs, who had told MOD and the RAC that TI gun aiming on Chieftain and Challenger 1 was not feasible. The demonstrator proved otherwise. 68

GUNNER’S VISUAL SIGHT It was decided late in the Challenger 2 tank design that a gyro stabilised sight was essential. A French company, SFIM, had such a sight in production. Hitherto, stabilisation mechanisms were positioned above a two axis moving mirror. As a result, the above armour height of the sight head was considerable. I could see that, unless the commander’s station was redesigned to be built up well above the turret roof plane, the commander’s view forward would be obstructed. Not having in house stabilisation technology, I went to another French company, SAGEM, with a view to their becoming our stabilisation sub-contractor1. Together with the SAGEM lead designer, we configured the stabilisation mechanisms to

the side of the two axis mirror rather than above it. As a result, the Commander on Challenger 2 sits in the turret and can see forwards. This “product differential” gave us the job.

THERMAL IMAGING (TI) The sensitivity of a TI, if good, enables viewing in adverse TI conditions. Sensitivity is proportional to the energy entrance area. Double the entrance diameter and the area is quadrupled2. So, it matters that the entrance diameter is made as large as is practical. It is the rule when designing TI, that no energy ray should reach the scanner that does not come from the scene. Otherwise, the scanner will react to its own temperature. This is not the case with visual instruments that, if painted internally matt black, can tolerate some vignetting. So, if a TI periscopic configuration is adopted, the mirror that moves the field to follow gun elevation has to be big enough to capture all the energy rays as they converge from the edge of the field of view. The instrument Germanium front window, that keeps the mirror clean, has to be even larger than the mirror to capture these converging rays. Furthermore, obviously, the greater the

elevation scope of movement, even larger must be the front window vertical dimension. So, the TI periscopic systems designer has to trade. There is the Germanium front window size on the one hand, whose chances of surviving trivial attack is proportional to its size. On the other hand, there is the need for adequate TI entrance diameter that determines sensitivity. Non periscopic TOGS avoids this bind by not having a mirror or a front window. (TOGS objective lens serves also as a front window.) In practice, assuming a reasonable trade between window area and sensitivity, TOGS has twice the sensitivity and half the area open to trivial attack, as would have been the case had it been configured as a periscope. This “product differential” sent our tanks into action in Iraq with superior TI than that in other coalition tanks, better sensitivity, a wider field of view and biocular viewers for commander and gunner.

CHALLENGER 2 DESIGN AUTHORITY The Challenger 2 design authority was “Vickers Defence Systems”. (VDS) I had some problems with them. For example, they ordered that units were to have connection sockets and cables to terminate with plugs. I asked them if they minded an unplugged cable having 5000 volts on its plug end? Most of them demanded differences from TOGS 1 I supported because they upped the price and therefore our profit. For example, VDS thought that a monocular TI view was needed for gun aiming. Unlike TOGS 1, VDS wanted TI viewing with the crewman’s head back from the biocular unit. So, there were four TI viewers to make not two. Indeed, acceding to VDS requests for change meant that nothing taken from now unwanted TOGS 1 could be refurbished for use on TOGS 2. This unnecessary waste was to our commercial advantage. VDS tried to

beat us down on the price of the Gunner’s visual sight. They were informed that first production sights were available for their milestone MOD inspection; they could come to see that this was so, but we would not deliver until they agreed in writing our unit price. VDS were not happy but had to accept to avoid a failed milestone.

TOGS 1 VERSUS TOGS 2 I believe that TOGS 1 was superior to TOGS 2. TOGS 1 servo elevation gave aiming in the centre of the field of view no matter the range. It also allowed the sensor to be positioned anywhere on the turret. TOGS 1 had the means of gun aiming should the fire control computer be down. TOGS 1 did not spill light from the viewers. As regards picture quality there was no change. TOGS 2 had an upside down sensor at VDS request so TOGS 1 and 2 scanners are not interchangeable. If anybody reading this has experience with both TOGS 1 and 2, I would be interested in their opinion.

CONCLUSION In 1995, production of both sights was in full swing. Much of the work had to be subcontracted; it was too much to do it all in house. We used some of the profits to buy two competitor companies. I was now aged 60. The Russian empire had collapsed so the prospect for more design work was small. It was time to leave with reputation intact. So, I retired. References: 1. This did not accord with top corporate policy that competed with SAGEM elsewhere and was cosy with SFIM. I was forbidden to visit SAGEM but I ignored this order.) 2. Sensitivity is also inversely proportional to field of view but you cannot fight as though looking through a drinking straw, as searchlights demonstrated.

SERGEANT RONALD ESSEX MEMORIAL BENCH Capt (Retd) Dean Hutton On Wednesday 2 November 2022, a memorial service took place in a peaceful wooded glade near the village of Moreton, Dorset. The service was to remember Sgt Ronald William Essex, 50th Royal Tank Regiment (RTR) who was killed in action 80 years previously on 2 November 1942 during the Battle of El Alamein. Ronald Essex was 30 years old, a married man with a 3-year-old daughter and had been a teacher at Dorchester Grammar School prior to his enlistment into the Army. Sgt Essex has no known grave, so in 1947 his family placed a memorial bench in his memory in one of his favourite places, close to the village of Moreton. In 2003 Ronald’s wife Mary passed away and her name was subsequently added to the bench. It is believed this was the last occasion the memorial was cleaned prior to 2021. In 2021 the poor condition of the bench was brought to the attention of the Bournemouth, Poole & District Branch, Royal Tank Regiment Association (RTRA) Noticing that it was only 14 months to the 80th anniversary, it was decided to try to bring the bench back to life and present it in an acceptable condition in time for that event. With a lot of work and many calories burnt, the condition of the bench improved, so much so that the idea of a formal remembrance service in November 2022 was born. Preparation began slowly but the pace picked up closer to the date in question. Contact was established with Sgt Essex’s grandson and subsequently with Hilary, Ronald’s now 83-year-old daughter. Cleaning of the bench continued and closer to the anniversary all the pieces came together, and then a week before the event just as we were beginning to relax, potential disaster loomed. The access road to the bench is a quiet country lane out in the sticks, the sort of highway that is resurfaced about once every 75 years, so what do you think the odds were on Dorset Highways planning resurfacing work on the day we needed to use it? Fortunately, they were co-operative and understanding and suspended work on the day we needed access. This allowed us to carry out the final task, which was clearing the ground near the bench of brambles and other potential hazards.

Sgt Essex's daughter alone with her thoughs before the service

Come the day, Ronald’s daughter and grandson attended the memorial service. Also in attendance were serving and retired RTR officers, representatives from the Tank Museum at Bovington, local people and the Bournemouth & Poole Branch members. BBC TV (South Today) and British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) Radio were also present to cover the story. The service was supported by a bugler provided by Poole Sea Cadets. And the bench was flanked by two Royal Tank Regiment Association Standards. A floral tribute from the family was followed by a wreath laid by the Bournemouth, Poole & District Branch RTRA. Following the service, a reception was held at the nearby Frampton Arms. BFBS radio asked the Bournemouth & Poole branch secretary why did your branch organise this service? His reply was, Ronald Essex was one of us, he served in the Royal Tank Regiment, we are the Royal Tank Regiment Association, and all this today? this is who we are, this is what we do!

BRANCHES AND SECRETARIES OF THE RTR ASSOCIATION Association Secretary: Capt (Retd) D C Hutton, HHQ RTR, Stanley Barracks, Bovington, Wareham, Dorset BH20 6JB – 01929 403360

Bournemouth & Poole

Mr A G Hart, 69 Galloway Road, Poole, Dorset, BH15 4JS – hart.tiny@hotmail.co.uk Meet 1st Tues of each month (not Jan/Aug), Ex-Servicemen's Club, 66 North Rd, Parkstone, Poole, Dorset, BH14 0LY at 8 pm.

01202778551

Bovington

Mr P Rogers, 6 The Green, Kingston, Sturminster Newton, Dorset, DT10 2DX – paulrogers34@hotmail.co.uk Meet 1st Sat of each month (not Aug), at Broadstone British Legion, Tudor Rd, Broadstone, BH18 8AW at 7.30 pm.

01258817607 07828623948

Bristol, Bath & District

Mr R Owen, Hillcrest, Felton Common, Felton, BS40 9YN – rtrabristol@gmail.com Meet 1st Mon of each month at RAFA Club, Eastfield, Westbury on Trym, Bristol, BS9 4BE at 8 pm.

07894164554

Canadian

Mr M Howkins, 133 8th Street SE, Medicine Hat, Alberta, T1A-1L2, Canada – mikethebrit13@hotmail.com Meet last Fri of each month at Cypress Club, 218 6th Avenue SE, Medicine Hat, Alberta, T1A-2S5, Canada at 7 pm.

403 331 7619

Cheltenham & District

Mr R Hall, 87 John Trundle Court, Barbican, London, EC2Y 8NE – ronhallrtr@gmail.com Meet 2nd Mon of each month at the Albion Club, North Street, Cheltenham, GL50 4DJ at 12 noon.

02075883177 07813276609

Cymru Wales

Mr T Hunter, 4 Marshall Close, Llandaff, Cardiff, CF5 2QQ – terence_hunter@sky.com Meet 1st Thur of each month at Fairwater Conservation Club, 61 Ely Road, Cardiff, CF5 2BY at 7.30 pm.

02921404904

Devon & Cornwall

Mr R Flaherty – 4 Kingfisher Avenue, Exonia Park, Exeter, Devon, EX2 9PY – ronnie.flatz368@gmail.com No monthly meeting.

01392477858 07742983875

East Anglian

Mr R Catchpool – 24 Kirkton Close, Shotley Gate, Ipswich, Suffolk, IP9 1QG – eastanglianbranch@gmail.com Meets 3 locations 1st Sat of each month. Ipswich: The Halbert Inn, 15 Northgate Street, Ipswich, IP1 3BY. Bury St Edmunds: Wetherspoon, 57 Abbeygate Street, Bury St Edmunds, IP33 1LQ. Norwich: The Cellar House, 2 Eaton Street, Norwich, NR4 7AB.

07597942855

London

Mr I Tompsett, 16 Rosecroft Close, Orpington, Kent, BR5 4DX – ianmtompsett@hotmail.com Meet 2nd Sat of each month (except Nov) at the Royal Hospital Chelsea, London, SW3 4SR at 2 pm.

07714020244

Medway

Mr R Hill, 6 Smith Road, Lords Wood, Chatham, Kent, ME5 8DR – royhill@talktalk.net Meet 2nd Fri of each month at The King Charles Hotel, Bompton Road, Gillingham, ME7 5QT at 7.30 pm.

01634201570

Merseyside

Mr T G McClymont, 131 Deysbrook Lane, West Derby, Liverpool, L12 4YE – rtrrafo@sky.com Meet last Sat of each month (except Dec) at the Vines Hotel, 81 Lime Street, Liverpool, L1 1JQ at 1.30 pm.

01512281561 07733435464

Newcastleupon-Tyne

Mr B Allen – 14 Partridge Close, Morley, Leeds, LS27 8EP – berniea65@sky.com Meet 2nd Sat of each month at The Newcastle Labour Club, Leazes Park Road, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 4PF at 12.30 pm.

Nottingham

Mr M Widdowson – 1 Heddington Gardens, Arnold, Nottingham, NG5 8NW – rtrdog@gmail.com Meet 2nd Thurs of each month at Stadium Leisure, Nottingham Rd, New Basford, Nottingham, NG15 1EG 12 noon.

07377579669

Oldham

Mr N K Rodgers, 25 Hertfordshire Drive, Shaw, Oldham, OL2 7YP – nielkrodgers@talktalk.net Meet 3rd Thurs of each month at The 3Cs Club, Henshaw Street, Oldham, OL1 2AA at 8 pm.

01706849368 07770688564

Oxford

Col (Retd) B A C Duncan MBE, The Cottage, Milton, Banbury, Oxon, OX15 – indiancobra@btinternet.com No monthly meeting.

01295720974

Plymouth

Mr D Lomax, 18 Pinewood Drive, Woolwell, Plymouth, Devon, PL6 7SP – rtraplymouth@gmail.com Meet 2nd Thurs of each month at the RBL Club, Tailyour Road, Crownhill, Plymouth, PL6 5DH at 1900 for 1930.

Preston

Brig (Retd) I J Rodley MBE, 11 Hale Gardens, Ealing Common, London, W3 9SG – ianrodley@btinternet.com No monthly meeting.

02089930254 07834043919

Scarborough (1 RTR)

Mr B Winrow, 17 Annan Crescent, Blackpool, FY4 4RQ – bazthetankieman@gmail.com No monthly meeting.

07738297259

Scottish

Mr M Macleod, 18 Station Street, Stranraer, Wigtownshire, Scotland, DG9 7HL – murdo.hirtavision@yahoo.com Meet 2nd Sun of each month at Kirkcaldy United Services Institute, 8 St Brycedale Avenue, Kirkcaldy, KY1 1ET at 1 pm.

01776706102 07395289940

Sefton

Mr M Mattocks, 2 Patricia Grove, Bootle, Merseyside, L20 6LT – markmatt088@gmail.com Meet 2nd Sat of each month at Flanagans, Queen’s Street, Waterloo, Merseyside, L22 5PA at 1.30 pm.

01519225419

2/3/6 RTR

Mr R Hall, 87 John Trundle Court, Barbican, London, EC2Y 8NE – ronhallrtr@gmail.com No monthly meeting.

02075883177 07813276609

5 RTR

Mr K Nelson, 119 Digby Garth, Bransholme Estate, Hull, East Yorks, HU7 4NN – tankie@tankie.karoo.co.uk Annual Reunion held last weekend in October at the Expanse Hotel, Bridlington, East Yorkshire, YO15 2LS.

01482835462

8 RTR

Mrs M Folgate, 96 Upton Road, Bexleyheath, Kents, DA6 8LT – derek8rtr@aol.com Reunion and AGM held in March each year at the Trouville Hotel, Bournemouth, Dorset, BH2 5DH.

02083060060

EAST ANGLIAN BRANCH The new Branch has been making good progress since we formed some 12 months ago. We have 34 paid up members with more expressing an interest in joining, and 137 following us on Facebook.

Desert Rats memorial service at Thetford forest on 3rd July

Covering the whole of East Anglia proved tricky for the one organisation due to the geographical area so we are currently trialling a regional approach until the end of the year. Our three centres of gravity remain the same; Norwich, Bury St Edmunds (BSE) and Ipswich with each hub having a Chair and a Regional HQ based around the BSE area. The intention is that this will allow each hub more flexibility to look after their own affairs with the Regional element providing oversight and available for advice.

The respective Chairs; Justin Shuter, Davie Donaldson & Bob Catchpool (and we wish Bob a quick recovery from his recent surgery) are looking out for welfare support as and when required and ensuring all members in their respective areas know what is going on both socially and regimentally.

snooker matches, an upcoming golf evening, and get togethers in the pub for a pint or two. The highlight has been our well supported attendance at the Desert Rats memorial service at Thetford forest on 3 July.

Over this year we have held events for; Six Nations rugby, the offer of veterans’ tickets to watch Norwich City FC at home, a curry supper,

NEWS FROM BOURNEMOUTH & POOLE BRANCH

Poole Branch Members behaving themselves in London

Poole Branch President at Falklands 40 in Poole

With the relaxation of Covid-19 restrictions, 2022 started off at a much faster pace than 2021. The Ladies Lunch in January, our flagship event, was a tremendous success. It was held for the first time on a Saturday, and for the first time, at the Thistle Hotel on Poole Quay which proved to be an excellent venue. 70 people attended and the festivities carried on long beyond “lunchtime”.

Warders personal and exclusive pub for refreshments. Following this very successful event the focus turned to preparation for the trip to Cambrai in November 2022.

Our March 2022 Branch meeting provided us with our first guest speakers of the year. WO1 Jason Bain, the Garrison Sergeant Major at Bovington and WO1 Shaun Woodward RTR the Warrant Officer responsible for the trade training at the Armour Centre, gave us an insight on new methods of training in the Army. A real eye opener for most of us! Also in March, the Branch was well represented at the RTRA sponsored church service and curry lunch held at Bovington. In April 2022 we enjoyed our best attended Branch meeting for at least 15 years. We had 27 people in the room with a further 16 linked via Zoom. All our Branch meetings are good, but occasionally we have a meeting where the bar is raised, and in April 2022 the bar was raised significantly. The large physical presence helped a lot, the more bums on seats you have, the better the atmosphere. Throw in a top-quality guest speaker (David Willey, curator of the Tank Museum) giving a superb presentation and you have success coming out of your ears. The only downside? I spent £5 on the raffle and did not win a thing! Later in the month the Branch was represented at the Tiger Memorial at Slapton Sands and ANZAC Day in Weymouth on 25 April. Our guest speaker for May was Rebecca Smith of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission, 74

and our activity included the memorial service for Stephen Ford (from Poole, killed on HMS Ardent during the Falklands conflict) and US Memorial Day in Weymouth.

During a 2019 weekend break in Dartmouth, Devon, the Branch Secretary spotted the name of Trooper Brett Hall RTR on the town’s war memorial. Brett died on 16 September 2009 at Selly Oak hospital from injuries received in Afghanistan on 12 September 2009. Dartmouth

In June 2022, WO2 Mark Bethell (RTRA Link Warrant Officer) updated us on the Regiment during our Branch meeting. We took part in the D-Day & Falklands 40th commemorations in Poole and participated in the Armed Forces Day at Weymouth. July saw the Regimental Secretary fill the role of guest speaker. 13 August saw us hold another successful and well attended summer BBQ. Two days later the branch took part in the VJ Day service in Poole. Monday 21 August 2022 saw the Branch in London for a tour of the Tower of London. Almost 50 people attended including Branch members and selected friends of the Branch. During the day, we did a tour of certain monuments, including the RTR memorial. Reg Fox, a Korean war veteran, was quite emotional when he saw the Korean war memorial for the very first time at age 96. In the evening we all turned up at the Tower after the general public had left for our exclusive evening tour. We were the personal guests of a Yeoman Warder who conducted the tour. The evening included the Ceremony of the Keys which was a privilege to witness. Following the ceremony we were invited to the Yeoman

In the Yeoman Warders Private Pub

is quite close to Slapton Sands and the idea of remembering Brett during the same weekend as Ex TIGER was born. Contact was made with Brett’s mother who was happy for us to visit his grave and then attend Slapton Sands the following day. This was in early 2020 but of course Covid-19 put plans on hold. The idea was revived in early 2022 when it was confirmed that the Tiger commemorations would be going ahead. Contact with Mrs Hall was re-established, accommodation was booked, and everything was set. HHQ RTR were very helpful and sent a wreath, whilst Lisa Burgess created an order of service and produced 30 copies to be distributed to those attending the

remembrance service. We were thrilled when both General Ridgeway and Brigadier Dick confirmed their attendance, and together with members of the Plymouth Branch RTRA gave us a significant boost in numbers.

The Bournemouth, Poole & District branch would like to place on record our thanks to HHQ RTR, Lisa Burgess, Plymouth Branch RTRA and Shaun Dunham for their support and assistance.

The service took place on Saturday 23 April 2022 with Brett’s mother Sue, and aunt Christine, joining the assorted veterans. The Bournemouth & Poole Branch, 2/3/6 RTRA & Plymouth Branch standards were on parade and Shaun Dunham was the event bugler. The service was led by Tony Hart, Bournemouth & Poole Branch secretary and included personal memories of Brett from Major Pat Burgess who had been Brett’s SSM. Pat’s memories were clearly very accurate as there was a lot of nodding from Brett’s mother during this eulogy. As far as we are aware, this was the first graveside service since Brett’s funeral in 2009, and our main aim was to show Brett’s family and especially his mum Sue that the Royal Tank Regiment had not forgotten her son. There is no doubt that we succeeded. Reg Fox at Korean War Memorial in London

Brett Hall's family and Veterans

CMR VISIT On 18 October 2022, 6 members of the branch were guests of the Regiment at Castle Martin Ranges (CMR) and spent the day on the firing point with DREADNAUGHT Squadron. We were hosted throughout the day by the OC, Maj Gill (QRH), the SSM, WO2 Lee Tizard and Sgt Dicks, they ensured our visit was both interesting and enjoyable. We were also able to meet and interact with members of the Squadron of various ranks and roles. We are immensely grateful to all of them for the attention they showed us, instruction and information we received and we thank them for the time they devoted to looking after us so well while we were there. We were given the opportunity to get involved with some ammo bashing which

The Last Post at Brett Hall's memorial

was interesting, though in truth we may have been more of a hindrance than a help. Our lunch was the same as the crews and eaten altogether. Although delivered similarly to our era’s lunches, it was pasta based and therefore likely to be a healthier option than the range stew that we remembered. It was hot, tasty and filling, just what you need on the firing point.

Regiment. The OC also explained a lot about the way the Regiment operates and trains, the training cycle in general, and how the Regiment is preparing for expected or likely future roles. All in all, an extremely interesting and enjoyable day for which we once again thank the OC and members of DREADNAUGHT Squadron.

The range setup and operation was very different to our era and incorporated a lot more technology. This enabled crews essentially to see and hear their own actions and make necessary changes or improvements. We found it very interesting to learn how the modern Regiment operates compared to what most of us did. It was clear that the days of a Troop Sgt wandering around with a clipboard are long gone, the modern Troop Sgt has an extremely busy and important role within the 75

SCARBOROUGH BRANCH RTRA The Craiglands Hotel, Ilkley was once again the venue for the Annual Branch Cambrai Dinner. Following two years of the Covid-19 restrictions, it was marvellous to gather again and the fact that 95 Branch members and guests made the journey to Ilkley just showed how much people had missed the company and friendship of their old comrades and friends.

research post at the Institute of International Affairs (Chatham House). Paul has been a member of the Chief of the Defence Staff’s Strategic Advisory Panel and contributed to a number of Parliamentary Inquiries and is a frequent commentator in the media. Although Paul gave the audience an insight into some of the more topical events across the world, his anecdotal memories from his time with the Regiment kept everyone amused and enthralled. We send a huge thank you to Professor Paul for travelling all the way from Cambridge to speak to us and hope that he will join us again in the future. All in all a great night was had and we look forward to returning to Ilkley in November 2022.

ARMED FORCES WEEK FLAG RAISING CEREMONY AND MEMORIAL BENCH PRESENTATION JUNE 2022 Our Tank notes of 2019 showed the presentation of a memorial bench to the Deputy Mayor of Scarborough. Unfortunately the Covid-19 pandemic delayed the final handover and siting of the bench. Finally, on Monday 20 June, Scarborough Branch members were invited by the Mayor of the Borough Council to take part in the formal flag raising ceremony for the start of Armed Forces Week and agreed that the bench would be formally accepted at this ceremony. The flag raising ceremony went well with the Royal Navy taking the lead for Armed Forces week and creating a short opening event that involved their free fall team sky diving down to Scarborough Castle and a dive boat leaving HMS Brocklesby, delivering

Scarborough branch chairman and secretary with professor cornish (centre)

Our special guest at the dinner was Professor Paul Cornish, who was joined by his wife Doctor Fiona Cornish. Paul served with the First during the 1980s and following his Troop leading days held many important roles including Ops Officer and Adjutant. Paul was already well known in the First, being the son of the QM Lt Col Tony (Butch) Cornish and mother Joan. Both now sadly no longer with us, but both remembered with fondness by all who knew them. Following his time in the First, Paul went on to be involved in a most interesting range of academic and research appointments, including arms control analyst in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Lecturer in International Security at the University of Cambridge and Bath and ten years in a

Photo of the mayor and mayoress seated on the bench with members of the branch and standards

the Armed Forces flag to RN Sea Cadets on the beach. They then, via a relay team delivered it to the Mayor at the Town Hall. It was certainly a most entertaining start to the ceremony. Following the opening ceremony and on a sunny Monday morning overlooking the beautiful Scarborough South Bay, the Mayor, Councillor Eric Broadbent accepted the bench on behalf of the Borough Council and thanked the Scarborough Branch for their kind donation. A number of Branch members attended this ceremony along with the standards of Scarborough and Merseyside Branches. A word of thanks must go to our Branch Secretary Paul Ramsay, who has driven this project from start to finish. Well done Paul. For anyone venturing to Scarborough please take a seat on the bench, which sits in the memorial gardens across from the Royal Hotel, with a magnificent view of the North Sea.

Photo of the marching contingent and branch standard

ARMED FORCES DAY 25 JUNE 2022 Scarborough It was prior to the Covid-19 pandemic that Scarborough had been designated to host a National Event for the 2020 Armed Forces Day. Sadly this event had to be delayed due to the pandemic, but was finally cleared to take place on Saturday 25th June. What a day it turned out to be, with an estimated 200 thousand people thronging to the seaside to enjoy a full day of activities and displays. The main event for the branch was the march past along the seafront, with the salute being taken by His Royal Highness, the Duke of Kent. Our small party of branch members formed part of a 150 strong veterans’ contingent, with the Scarborough Branch standard being joined by the Merseyside Branch standard. Well done to the Standard Bearers, Joe Dale and Derek Fletcher and those on parade. It was a long haul on a very hot day, but well worth it to be applauded and appreciated in such a way by the amazing general public. The march past was followed by a day of spectacular displays including the aerial displays by the RAF Tornadoes and the always brilliant Red Arrows. The day concluded with a most enjoyable Regimental reunion in the Royal Hotel ballroom. It was a perfect end to a memorable weekend. Once again thanks must go to all those branch members, their ladies and guests who journeyed from far and wide and made the weekend so special.

Caption please

PLYMOUTH BRANCH UPDATE The Branch, like everyone, emerged cautiously from the Covid-19 restrictions. It meant that the Branch was able to hold a meeting in January, the first since restrictions were introduced. It was good to be able to get together again as the meetings are also a social event where old friends and comrades can enjoy a drink and catch up. Since then, our meetings have occurred regularly and as the year is progressing, the Branch has seen changes and is continuing to evolve and grow. been a Branch presence at their funerals and where families have requested it, have also had the Branch standard and a bugler to play the last post. Many thanks to all those who have been able to give of their time and efforts for this. Branch members have also been able to visit memorials and pay respects to TC and Josh Hammond, we will continue to remember those that have passed to the Green Fields.

The first of many unofficial Squadron Bar gatherings

The biggest change with the Branch so far this year has been with the Committee. Our Chairman is now Dave Pinder, Treasurer Richie Elson and Secretary, Dave Lomax. They have arrived with new ideas to move the Branch forward. One key initiative is to reach out to those who have recently left the Regiment and live locally so that they can understand what the Branch can offer them. Our monthly meetings are the second Thursday of each month and our venue for the foreseeable future will be the Royal British Legion Club at Crownhill in Plymouth.

in the Barbican area of Plymouth which proved to be very successful and was attended by Branch members from near and far, the furthest being Jason Horn from Cyprus! We hope to do these at least once a month throughout Devon and Cornwall with the aim of meeting up with members and potential members, especially those who are unable to get to the monthly Branch meeting. Sadly, we have lost some members to the green fields, they will be mentioned more fully in the obituaries, our condolences go out to their families. We have ensured that there has

We were able to carry out a memorial service to Exercise Tiger at Slapton Sands. The short notice we had after the lifting of Covid-19 restrictions meant that it was a smaller event than usual, however 2023 should be different as we will be able to plan ahead for it. We were pleased to be joined by members from The Bovington and Bournemouth Branch who the previous day had also carried out a memorial service at Dartmouth for Tpr Brett Hall 2 RTR. We managed to attend two Armed Forces Day events. Firstly at Plymouth which is the one we normally support. It was well attended and we received lots of interest from members of the public and met some ex Tankies who have not yet approached or joined a Branch but will hopefully join us soon. Our Chairman, Richie was able to brief the Lord Mayor of Plymouth on the links between the city, the surrounding area and the Regiment.

Almost every month has seen new members join the Branch, many of whom have left the Regiment in recent years. This is good to see and they are most welcome. They will bring new ideas to the Branch and in time may wish to become more involved in running the Branch or its events. We have started carrying out informal social gatherings, not unlike the old Friday afternoon Squadron bar get-togethers. Keeping it informal means, they are quick and easy to organise and can take place in different parts of our region so that as many people as possible can take part. The first one was held Branch Members, Stan James, ‘Pooky’ and Richie Elson remembering ‘TC’ and ‘Josh Hammond

A new event for the Branch was the Taunton Armed Forces Day, again this was very well attended. Alex Truscott and Carl Cordory were able to meet Brian Maddams who represents veterans for dogs. The Branch marquee was also visited by Deborah Meaden from Dragons Den. The Branch marquee is very distinctive and makes a good advert for both the Association and the Regiment. The Branch has also started to take a more coordinated approach in providing direct support to our members who may require assistance and are unable to get to meetings, parades etc. Even providing some ‘green fingers’ with a bit of gardening, as was the case when Richie Elson and Steve Kerswill answered the call from Roger and Cynthia Jewell. At the time of writing the Branch is looking forward to November, even though the wellknown clash will see members split between three simultaneous events. The Cenotaph, Cambrai 105 and the Branch dinner all fall within the same weekend. We had looked at trying to move the dinner to a different date but it proved impossible to secure another date that suited both the Branch and the venue. Some may manage to get to two out of the three, whichever event or events you attend they are sure to be very enjoyable for all. Looking ahead, the Branch is improving how we can keep in touch with members who are suffering illness or hardship or who are simply unable to get to meetings. Phone calls and visits have been carried out and it is hoped that we may be able to introduce zoom type meetings, similar to those that are already carried out very successfully by the Bovington and Bournemouth Branch.

Bert Hammond, Plymouth Armed Forces Day

Exercise Tiger Memorial Branch Standard Parties

Richie Elson & Deborah Meaden with Lord Mayor of Plymouth

Brian Maddams with Alex Truscott & Carl Cordory Branch Members Somerset Armed Forces Day

Cynthia & Roger Jewell with the Branch Labourer Team, Richie Elson & Steve Kerswill

RTR GOLF SOCIETY SOUTH WEST After the difficulties over the last two years the Society was once again able to deliver a full programme of golf and in addition we have once again increased our membership and have been joined by a number of members from the Plymouth area.

RTR Championship day at Libbaton Golf Club

We finished the 2021 season with a long awaited visit to Honiton Golf Club for the annual Winklepicker event (those that know, know). 2022 started with our normal support to the South West Air Ambulance charity, a two day event at the tough Cornish Trevose Golf Club where 16 of us took to the challenge. From there we quickly moved on to the lovely parkland course at Oake Manor on the outskirts of Taunton where 24 of us competed for the Reunion Trophy which was won by Steve Proctor. One of the bigger charity events that we support is the annual Charlie’s Charity Day held at Dainton Park GC which was supported by 16 of our members. Once again the team led by Dave Taylor secured a great second place against over 70 other teams. The common theme is, Dave picks the teams.

Charlie’s Charity Day held at Dainton Park Golf Club

Our two major remaining events are the annual RTR Championship day at Libbaton GC in North Devon with over 36 entries (stop press-won for the first time by Jeff Laing) and in September our support for the ABF Soldiers’ Charity at Rushmore Park. The Society has become a well established meeting place for many old and new members of the Regiment and with the help and support of HHQ RTR, will continue to grow and spread the word in the South West and beyond. We look forward to being able to join up with those golfing members of the Regiment and our northern counterparts the Tankie Golf Society sometime in the future. We may even be able to, once again, meet up with that elusive bunch called the Ironsides.

South West Air Ambulance charity event

The annual Winklepicker event at Honiton Golf Club

8TH RTR ASSOCIATION ANNUAL REUNION The 8th RTR Association annual Reunion will be held in Bournemouth on the 17 to 20 of March 2023 at the Trouville Hotel. The Hotel is under new Management but has given us a very reasonable rate £50 pp per night, Bed, Breakfast & Evening Meal. Enquiries to either the Secretary Maureen Folgate 07710 230114, email derek8rtr@aol.com or The Trouville Hotel 01202 552262.

All RTR members are welcome to join us for the weekend.

LONDON BRANCH UPDATE A SNAPSHOT OF 2022 FROM LONDON BRANCH RTRA It has been another unsettled year for the London Branch. Regular monthly meetings have continued using ZOOM, but the difficulties in finding a suitable venue for face-to-face meetings in a central accessible venue continue. ZOOM meetings have been well attended and brought a host of new faces to the fore, particularly those of our members who do not live in or near the centre of London. It is wonderful too to see

those over 90 happily participating. Of our members less than 10 live in Greater London. Whilst losing our meeting place at the Royal Hospital Chelsea has been disappointing it has led to changes. On a positive note the monthly informal lunches have attracted a different crowd, bringing not just members to enjoy a midweek pint and a meal in a central London pub, but also, through the powers of Facebook, a

selection of others from Branches outside London who just happened to be in or near the centre have joined those who meet up. Sometimes as many as 20. Membership has decreased slightly as some of our East Anglian members decided to join the new East Anglian Branch and not keep two memberships on the go. Also sadly in 2022 we have lost 12 Members on their passing to the Green Fields.

PLANTING OF THE CROSSES 2022 We were honoured again to have a contingent from the Regiment join us at our annual ceremony, along with members of London and other Branches. Veterans & Serving Personnel duly assembled behind RAC/RTR Plots (280/281), Lt-General David Leakey CMG CVO CBE read a poem, El Alamein by Major John Jarmain and then placed the cross in memory of our fallen comrades of the Heavy Section and Heavy Branch Machine Gun Corps, The Tank Corps, The Royal Tank Corps and The Royal Tank Regiment. Musician Richard Blake from 3PWRR HQ Band sounded The Last Post and after Reveille, Lt Saville read the RTR Collect. The Kohima Epitaph was read by Ben Ansell, Grandson of London Branch Secretary and another John Jarmain poem At a War Grave was read before Lt-General David Leakey dismissed the parade.

Cambrai lunch

CAMBRAI LUNCH SATURDAY 26 NOVEMBER 2022 The train and bus strikes did their best to disrupt this annual event but in true Tankie fashion the event went ahead. Some of the numbers were made up by friends of those who could attend, including a Korean veteran from The Royal Ulster Regiment, Teddy Reid. Sgt Stephen Baker, Detachment Commander and Dwayne Engelbrecht from Sevenoaks Army Cadet Force (part of Kent Army Cadets) and two representatives from Kent Army Cadets also joined us. Our guests of honour

from the Regiment were WO2 Stuart Griffiths, BADGER SSM and Staff Sgt Sean Barrett SQMS BADGER who updated us on Regimental activities and their trip to C105. As well as remembering absent friends in the Loyal toast, a eulogy for Don Crassweller (1RTR) was read, outlining his heroic actions during 1RTR's resident tour of Omagh, which resulted in him being mentioned in despatches. A quiet hero who feared naught.

OTHER EVENTS A group from London Branch attended the Regimental Parade in September and thoroughly enjoyed the hospitality shown to them. A group also went to C105 in Cambrai in November and thoroughly enjoyed the event. In October, following London Branches donation to the Desert Rats Association Memorial,

two members were invited to the dedication at the National Memorial Arboretum which was a very moving event. Several of our members who are bikers took part in the annual Ride to the Wall at the Arboretum in October. Disappointingly we were told the annual RAC Church Parade at the Royal Hospital Chelsea had been cancelled, which was not correct. It is always an honour to parade our standard at

this wonderful service. Several members of the Branch also attended the 8RTR weekend events in Bournemouth in March and October. Now as the year draws to a close, we have 2023 to look forward to. Who knows what it will bring. We would welcome new members and also those who wish to take part in committee activities.

PARADE TO THE CENOTAPH Robert Swiniarski, Branch Standard Bearer was Standard Bearer Marshall at the annual march to the Cenotaph. Several Branch Members marched among the many Veterans who took part.

Cenotaph London

BOVINGTON BRANCH UPDATE COL MIKE (MINTY) ROSE It is with great sadness; we have to report the loss of our long-standing President Col Mike (Minty) Rose. Colonel Rose was our president for more than a decade and throughout his tenure has attended the majority of our meetings whether they were in Swanage or most recently in Broadstone. This was a significant commitment that we all appreciated. Latterly Paul and Denise provided a pickup and drop off for the Colonel, for which the branch and his family were incredibly thankful. We moved some of our meetings to Blandford to accommodate the Colonel, which again his family appreciated. As we are all now aware the Colonel, particularly in the last few years, was battling several health challenges. This was never apparent when he attended our meetings. Despite the seriousness of his conditions, the branch do not recall one instance of him complaining or being

anything other than the kind and consummate gentleman that he was. His death has been a significant blow to the branch however as the Colonel would say “onwards and upwards.” Thank you Sir. The branch is looking forward to the celebration of his life in September. Please follow this link to a snapshot of his life and achievements. https://1drv.ms/w/s!AsgDAGTA5hS_ melncDhAGpqukax4FQ?e=BCiMYk

EXTRA CURRICULUM ACTIVITIES Upton Music Festival The hippy section of the branch enjoyed a music festival at Upton House. The hippies are obviously veterans of the music festival clearly evidenced by the convoy of festival trolleys, the best

possible transportation for carrying chairs, gazebos, food and the ultimate tool for concealing the odd bevvy or three. No humans or animals were SERIOUSLY injured when we eventually got up and danced.

TANK FEST FUP 25 JUNE 2022 The FUP was a cracking event which was held in the Royal British Legion in Broadstone. There was a great turnout with ages ranging from the early 20’s to the mid-eighties. The company included representation from the Women's Royal Army Corps, Royal Electrical Mechanical Engineers, The Queens Own Hussars, the First, Fourth and Fifth Royal Tank Regiments. We were also privileged to have Tpr Sam Tumalty and LCpl Ellis Miles who were excellent company and did not tire from answering the many questions about Regimental life and sharing their experiences from within the Regiment. Feedback included: “It was one of the best encounters I have had, I cannot wait to come again”. 84

THE IRONSIDES GOLFING SOCIETY This has been an eventful and poignant year for the Ironsides. Barry McCombe, the Honorary Secretary, set us up well for a full season of fixtures as well as seeking out new blood to bolster the numbers of the society. Sadly, Barry passed away very unexpectedly at the beginning of the year and Paddy Allison took on the mantle of Honorary Secretary. Having battled our way through the red tape of Lloyds Bank in our attempts to transition the society bank account from McCombe to Allison/ Leakey, the society is once again on an even keel and flourishing. We played six fixtures this year managing to field full teams for each with numerous spares waiting in the wings; such is the popularity of the society of late. Both the Spring and Autumn meetings saw record attendances. Unfortunately we did not fare well in our four annual matches against Brokenhurst, The Guards, Tidworth Golf Club and West Sussex, losing all four matches but the winner on each occasion was the camaraderie of the society and getting old Tankies and Cavalrymen together to reminisce. We are fast approaching the Centenary of the Society in 2024 and plan to mark the occasion

in the Spring meeting that year as well as the Centenary match against Brokenhurst Manor Golf Club, a match that we feel must be the oldest in the RTR calendar that still survives today. This year we have managed to pay off the generous loan from RHQ for the society ties purchased on our behalf some years ago, as well as ordering a new batch of Ironsides ties which will see us through for a number of years to come. We are, as ever, hugely grateful to RHQ for the generous grant that we receive annually, which allows us to provide a small subsidy to the Spring and Autumn meetings as well as providing prizes and for some minor repairs to the trophies. We are hopeful that we will continue to receive this grant – it really does make a difference.

two of them with superb handicaps, which we hope to exploit next year and strengthen our away team fixtures. Andrew Gadsby volunteered to project manage the purchase of a society shirt with a suitable Ironsides logo that reflects the society’s RTR history but also includes the more recently acquired Cavalrymen to our fold.

Although we have lost some of our older members this year due to failing health on the golf course, we have managed to recruit four new members; two Tankies and two Cavalrymen;

FINANCIAL SUMMARY 2021/22 b/f cash at Bank Apr 2022 Income 2021/22 (2020/21) CCF 1 RHQ cup refurb grant Lloyds Bank compensation Spring Meeting Autumn Meeting Ties Society shirts

Notes: (PJA paid for all Ironsides bills till successful tfr of the Society account in Sep 22 – PJA now reimbursed). 1. Annual CCF grant £500 received, plus grant of £248 for refurb of cup. 2. Lloyds paid £80 compensation for mal-admin of mandate variation tfr of acct. 3. Spring Mtg £290 subsidy including prizes. Autumn Mtg subsidy £98. 4. 25 Society ties now purchased @ £550 5. £390 debt outstanding to RHQ RTR now paid – as at 1 Nov 22.

686

(756)

500 (500) 248 (-) 80 (-) 825 (675) 1,150 (630) 90 (30) 623 (-) 3,516 (1160)

Expenditure 2021/22 (2020/21) Spring Meeting Autumn Meeting Prizes Society ties Society shirts c//f cash at Bank Oct 22 Stock on hand (ties) 32 @£20 - 640

1,115 (-) 1,248 (603) 118 (179) 550 (-) 617 (-) 3,648 (832) 554 (1084)

In conclusion, the Society continues to thrive, has grown its membership this year and continues to provide a forum for old Tankies and Cavalrymen to meet and relive their armoured experiences and friendships. The Ironsides name and reputation lives on in this cadre of old comrades and dare I say it, we are a joy to play with, especially amongst our civilian opposition. The Trustee’s generous grant of £500 is very gratefully received and put to good use to maintain these traditions. PJ Allison Brig (Retd) Hon Sec

6. Society shirts paid for.

RECORD OF DEATHS Anderson, Kevin Bruce (Andy). Died 5 June 2022

Hopson, LCpl F. Died July 2022

Ashmore, LCpl Chris. Died 5 March 2022 aged 73

Hunter, SSgt Robert. Died 23 March 2022

Bagley, Tpr T. Died June 2022

Jewel, Roger. Died 16 June 2022 aged 76

Baxter, Cpl Lesley. Died 3 July 2022

Kemp, WO1 (RSM) Andy. Died 13 August 2022

Belfield, Cpl Dave. Died 9 June 2022 aged 84

Kewell, WO2 Dennis (Danny). Died 18 December 2021

Birnie, Tpr Albert John. Died 29 January 2022

Leach, Cpl Robert (Bob). Died 19 February 2022

Bolwell, SSgt Fred. Died 19 November 2021

Longman, Col John. Died 11 December 2022 aged 79

Bowden, Walter Daniel. Died 24 December 2021

Mallock, Col Geoffrey Ross. Died 27 May 22 aged 81

Bowers, Lt Col Paul. Died 23 October 2021

McCombe, Lt Col Barry. Died 14 March 2022

Bradshaw, Maj Sam. Died 2 February 2022 aged 101

McKie, James (Jamie). Died 16 January 2022 aged 70

Brookshaw, Rev Janice. Died 2 March 2022 aged 73

Millward, Lester (Roy). Died 10 October 2022 aged 99

Calcutt, Ron. Died 27 April 2022 aged 92

Parker, William (Bill). Died 2022

Carter, Sgt David. Died 22 February 2022

Parkin, Eddie. Died 9 August 2022

Chadbourn, SSgt Eddi. Died 23 January 2022 aged 77

Perkins, Cpl Ivan John. Died 23 July 2022

Chambers, Frank. Died 17 June 2022 aged 76

Pyatt, Tony. Died 23 January 2022 aged 105

Chinn, Cpl Robert (Bob). Died 24 August 2022

Rex, Derek. Died 27 November 2022 aged 92

Clark, Capt Howard. Died 3 November 2021

Rose, Col Mike. Died 9 May 2022

Cole, Richard. Died 4 December 2022 aged 101

Scragg, Maj Colin. Died 7 March 2022 aged 81

Coles, Roger. Died 9 September 2022

Shaw, Capt Chris. Died March 2022

Couzens, Col Bernard. Died 9 January 2022

Sinnatt, Maj Gen Martin CB. Died 15 September 2022

Crassweller, Don. Died 31 July 2022 aged 84

Smith, Maj Lindsey. Died 6 December 2021

Dimmock, Tpr T. Died June 2021

Smith, John Frederick. Died 2 August 2022 aged 91

Dixon, Col Jack OBE. Died 1 May 22

Southwood, Lt Col Angus Howard MBE. Died 27 June 2022 aged 92

Dore, SSgt Peter. Died 12 October 2022

Staveley, SSgt Francis Bernard. Died 6 May 2022

Dunn, John (Jimmy). Died 26 September 2022

Sullivan, Lt Col Richard. Died 21 October 2022

Freeman, Sgt A. Died April 2022

Swansborough, Pte Martin. Died 13 November 2021

Grainger, LCpl Frederick. Died 20 May 2022

Tindall, Ernest. Died 15 June 2022

Gray, Cpl Peter. Died 6 September 2022

Tymoszycki, LCpl Eugeniusz. Died 20 July 2022

Gregory, Peter. Died August 2022 aged 84

West, Maj Danny. Died 11 December 2021

Griffiths, Capt Peter. Died 13 November 2021

Wheatley, Lt Col Bryan MBE. Died December 2022

Hawthorn, Capt Ian. Died 21 July 2022

Whiting, Sgt Stephen (Ginge). Died 6 December 2021

Hemmings, Maj Paul. Died 26 December 2021 aged 82

Wilbourne, Peter. Died 17 March 2022 aged 85

Higginbottom, Neil. Died 5 May 2022

Wingfield, WO2 Phillip. Died 26 April 2022

Hinks, LCpl David. Died 6 May 2022

Wood, Norman Arthur. Died 10 March 2022 aged 97

Hobbs, Cpl David (Taff). Died 31 December 2021

Woods, Jack. Died 4 June 2022 aged 98

Hodgson, Maj Ian. Died 14 September 2021

OBITUARIES Col John Longman It is with great sadness that we announce that a much revered Regimental Colonel, Colonel John Longman, has died. In post from 1995 to 2009, he was the longest serving Regimental Colonel since the inception of the Regiment and following that he edited the Tank until 2016; he interviewed and ushered in an outstanding coterie of young officers, as can be seen by the significant positions they have achieved. He had an encyclopaedic knowledge of our officers and cared enormously about their careers and had a deep sense of fairness in all he did. He made a major effort to strengthen ties with the town of Cambrai which was marked by the Regiment being granted the freedom of Cambrai; he established the 5 yearly Regimental weekends with an increasingly warmer reception from the town. He had a strong friendship with Phillipe Gorczynski, notable as the owner of the Beatus but more importantly the key individual who researched and found the World War I tank, D51, Deborah, and the founder of the Flesquières Museum. He also made it his mission to strengthen the Regimental relationship with the Vintners and accompanied many Masters on their annual visits. During his time as Regimental Colonel we enjoyed a number of very significant events organised by him, Royal visits, Standards Parades, annual Remembrance celebrations and 5 yearly Cambrai celebrations, to mention a few, all of which went off without a hitch as a result of his detailed and meticulous planning; he made it look effortless; because they all ran so smoothly in retrospect we probably took him for granted. John Lewis Longman born on the 4th May 1943, joined the Royal Tank Regiment in July 1964 having been educated at Kings Bruton and was commissioned via Sandhurst. John was an active sportsman and a keen rugby player representing his school, Sandhurst and the Regiment in the first XV. Like many of us John spent a considerable amount of his early years in Germany with 3 RTR but his ability to get on with people, especially the young, was recognised at an early stage and he was sent back to the UK to command 21 Army Youth Team in Whiteladies Road, Bristol. During this time he met Penny,

then serving as a WRAC officer at Blandford, whilst his team attended a Southern Command PT course. He was clearly struck and after a short romance, which included asking her to a Regimental Standards Parade in Germany, they had a very happy 54 years marriage. His strength of character and his subtle leadership skills were then recognised with a 3 year tour at the Junior Leaders Regiment as Training Major and then a squadron leader followed later by a very successful tour as Commanding Officer. He was highly regarded by all who served under him and he ran a tight but happy Regiment turning out some first class soldiers for the Royal Armoured Corps. He had staff appointments at Headquarters Ist Armoured Division at Verden, was DAQMG at headquarters the Ulster Defence Regiment and following the Joint Services Defence Course at Greenwich he was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel to work on the Defence Commitments Staff in London. I suspect this gave him an appetite for the Attaché world and following command he had very successful and interesting tours as Defence Attaché in Mozambique, Military Advisor to the British Ambassador in Angola followed by his final tour as Defence Attaché to Thailand. It was in these posts that he thrived, he had a sunny disposition, a deep sense of fairness, he was an excellent negotiator but above all he understood the requirement for a lasting practical, deliverable, solution. He was involved in the Mozambique peace keeping talks in Rome representing the British Ambassador where he was reported on as having “the ideal temperament for this very difficult post, a rock solid personality with a sense of fun, quite the best DA I have had the pleasure to work with, easy, adaptable and imaginative“; he then helped to establish the peace keeping implementation force. As a result of his prior experience, he was later called in to advise the Ambassador in Angola in helping to establish the United Nations Angola Verification Mission II, during that time meeting Mr Jonas Sivimbi of UNITA. In Thailand he was reported on as an outstanding DA with his warm and persevering approach winning him many Thai friends. It is no surprise to those of us that knew him that his Ambassador gave him special praise for: “his generosity in looking after young people passing through Bangkok is proverbial and typical of his instinctive wish to help and

support. In this he is joined by his wife, Penny, who has played a very active and positive role in the Embassy.” John was above all a family man, Penny and he made a very strong team bringing up two super boys, Michael, who followed him into the Regiment, and Ben who runs a successful private business. He was immensely sociable, loved cooking and was an avid collector of regimentalia; woe betide anyone who bid for an RTR curio on E Bay! Those of us fortunate enough to have been on the Regimental Council have fond memories of their friendship and hospitality at Staddlestones where they had us all to stay chatting about Regimental issues until late in the night, punishing his cellar. He very much had a second family, the Royal Tank Regiment. Both Rob McAfee and Tony Walker have separately written tributes about him as Regimental Colonel; he cared deeply for the officers, soldiers and the history of the Regiment and his caring attitude helped enormously as the Army contracted and with it the Royal Tank Regiment. He was a big man in every way, always put others before himself, he had an engaging manner, an active sense of humour, great integrity, a big heart and a very generous nature. He will be sadly missed by all.

A tribute by General Sir Antony Walker CBE John Longman was, first and foremost, a very remarkable Regimental officer. He had an encyclopaedic knowledge of those in the RTR whether he had served with them or not and spanning all generations and units. It is no surprise that he owned a significant - probably unique - collection of Regimental badges and memorabilia which he built up over many years. I was lucky enough to visit both Mozambique and Thailand when he was in post as Military Attaché. In both capitals it was clear that he, with Penny his wife, were highly regarded both socially and professionally. On duty, he knew exactly those people I should visit; off duty, he knew exactly which nightclubs I should not. After we had both left the Army, we became involved in a small charity. He was a helpful 87

and engaging companion and was especially supportive when we both decided that the time had come for us to move on. I count myself lucky that at different stages I had John as a colleague, a companion, an adviser and always a friend. I miss him very much. Memories and a Tribute by Major General Rob McAfee CB It’s hard to believe that John has joined the growing number of my fallen contemporaries, who were commissioned into one of the remaining five Royal Tank Regiments in the late 1960’s. I tend to think of us as post – National Service cannon fodder, inspired by ‘Keeping the Peace Part 1 ‘ and despatched periodically to shore up, or close down our fast disappearing overseas possessions. If not the Empire, then it was endless tours in WW2 cantonments on the North German Plain, separated from the local population by language and the NAAFI. We rarely came across anyone from those four ‘other’ regiments, except at major social and sporting occasions. Thus I barely knew John in those early days, although I do remember meeting him briefly on the infamous Ironsides rugby tour to Berlin, in 1968. John was a sylph-like fly half, while I played at number 7. My task, explained Major Chris Field, the tour manager, was to ensure that John left the pitch with his white shorts unmuddied by engagement with the opposition. I don’t think I succeeded. We really ‘clicked’ when I was privileged to become Colonel Commandant in 1995. I swiftly learned that John ‘held the fort at RHQ’ and was the fulcrum of major events, in addition to being the fount of all knowledge on regimental matters. Off duty, he was a very good companion; sociable, amusing and full of fun. As I spent most of my tenure in Germany, in those pre-internet days we conducted business on the telephone. Latterly commanding a multinational division, my Dutch PA soon learned who John Longman was and ‘patched’ him through ahead of any lesser mortals, however senior. Notable events in the regimental calendar, were largely managed by John, with the Col Comdt and Deputy Colonels arriving in a flurry of aiguillettes on the day. In 1997 our Colonel in Chief visited the Regiment in Bovington. This was a major event which called for careful planning by John, aided by John Woodward, 88

Director of the Tank Museum. They received a warm letter afterwards for their thoughtfulness and attention to detail, from Sir Robert Fellowes, then Private Secretary to Her Majesty. The visit coincided with Her Majesty’s Golden Wedding anniversary, so we gave careful thought as to how we might mark the occasion. We decided on a bronze maquette of a Comet crew, which also launched a project directed by Colonel Jeremy Taylor, to commission a full size version as a regimental memorial in Whitehall Place. The unveiling was planned to coincide with the Millenium and during the intervening three years, John was a powerful advocate in its cause and instrumental in juggling the detail, which resulted in the unveiling by our Colonel in Chief in 2000. During an early on-site planning meeting, I suggested to John that we flew the regimental flag from an office window in the Old War Office Building, once occupied by Sir Ernest Swinton, the driving force behind the creation of the first tank. I pointed out that conveniently, the window overlooked the centre line of the VIP stand. “ How do you know that’s Swinton’s office window ? ” enquired John, to which I replied “ How do you know it isn’t ?”. In 1998, John masterminded a regimental parade on Whitehall, to mark the 80th anniversary of the Armistice. This included the appearance of a Challenger 2 and a WW1 Mk V; the first time tanks had been seen on Whitehall since 1919. Concerned that CR2 might end up on the Jubilee Line, the local authorities asked John to confirm its all up weight. With fingers firmly crossed, we conferred and agreed on 40 tons. We only had sharp words on one occasion, when in 1997 we marked the 80th anniversary of the Battle of Cambrai, in France. This included a memorial service at Louverval cemetery, accompanied by Dr Reid, Minister of the Armed Forces and Her Majesty’s Ambassador to France. In mid service, I discovered that I was expected to read the next lesson, about which I knew nothing. Nor was I in possession of said reading. Fortunately, John was standing behind me and after a huddled chat, John whispered to our padre, the redoubtable Graham Roblin, who moved seamlessly onto the next item. I don’t think anyone noticed………… John was well known in Cambrai, our historical home from home in France. He developed a lasting friendship with Philippe Gorczynski MBE, a local historian and hotelier, which

did so much to foster a warm and helpful relationship with the local townspeople. Closer to home, John and Penny were a great team, firmly committed to their family, friends and the local community. It is a very sad time for us all. Donald William Crassweller Donald Crassweller died on 31 July 2022 aged 84. Donald enlisted into the Army at Portsmouth on 22 September 1958 and was posted to 1 RTR. Donald served with the Far East Land Force between 11 March 1959 and 29 May 1960 and later in Germany from 27 June 1960 until 26 Jul 1962. He was discharged on 22 September 1964 only to rejoin on 6 February 1967 and subsequently saw three tours of Northern Ireland in 1972 with the 13th/18th Hussars, and again in 1973/74 and 1977. He was awarded a Mentioned in Despatches on 25 March 1975 for his service in Northern Ireland while commanding a Troop of his Regiment. Donald was based in the UK and Germany throughout his residual service, including a tour with FVRDE Chertsey and his last posting was to Catterick. He was eventually discharged on 27 September 1978 having reached the rank of Sergeant. Donald was one of the Regiment’s Chelsea Pensioners.

Lieutenant Colonel Bernard Couzens Lt Col Bernard Couzens died on the 9 January 2022. Lt Col (Retd) Bernard Couzens served with 1 RTR in the Canal Zone and Aden where he commanded the Recce Squadron. He was ADC to a General in Hong Kong in the late 1950s while the Regiment was there. He retired in 1984 when he took up the recruiting officer job in Exeter.

Colonel B S McCombe Barry died after a short illness on 14 March 2022. Typically, he kept his condition on close hold until the 11th hour and then made it clear that he wanted the minimum of formalities to mark his passing. Naturally, his friends had no truck with this and with the connivance of his family, organised a celebration at his local golf club, which was attended by more friends than he probably knew he had. All those present agreed that he would have hated it. Barry was a product of Stonyhurst (“Go forth and set the world on fire") which left him with a lifelong aversion to the spiritual, but a certain enthusiasm for setting things on fire, both literally and figuratively. Afterwards, he dabbled in tertiary education before joining the 40/41st Royal Tank Regiment (TA) based in Bootle, which opened the gateway to a wider world, that in 1962 led to his being commissioned into the 1st Royal Tank Regiment. When National Service ended in 1957, it left a smaller, professional army to face up to the Warsaw Pact in Germany, police the remains of the British Empire and keep the peace in Northern Ireland. Life in the British Army of the Rhine consisted largely of training, sporting and social activities. Barry played a full part in all three, including a leading role in the after dinner high jinks, which today would probably result in a court martial. Indeed, he was known in 2 RTR as ‘Smasher’ McCombe on account of first, demolishing an array of well planted flower pots with well - aimed stones, while demonstrating the .50 ranging gun technique and second, for inadvertently causing the demise of a complete lorry load of fine Riesling. Further carnage in Germany was avoided when in 1965, 1 RTR deployed to Aden and the Gulf to help suppress the increasingly troublesome activities of the Front for the Liberation of Occupied South Yemen and the National Liberation Front. Cutting a dash in their shemaghs, Khaki Drill and desert boots (known as ‘brothel creepers’) Barry and his fellow young blades held the fort, pending our withdrawal from the region in 1967. In the early seventies, he commanded a squadron in Northern Ireland. This was serious stuff and subjectively, he was probably the

best squadron leader during a very busy tour. Barry had a dilettante side, but he was also an extremely professional soldier. He held the initiative and invariably forced the opposition onto the back foot, earning the deep respect of his command. After Regimental Duty, he held a number of testing appointments, including that of Brigade Major HQ Royal Armoured Corps, followed by tours on the staff at the MOD and various training establishments. After leaving the army and with his family settled in Salisbury, Barry commuted to a challenging role in the City, working for Schroders asset management company. He joined a local shoot and High Post Golf Club. In addition he became an outstanding Secretary of the Ironsides Golf Society and a founding member of the aptly named ‘Weaklies’ golfing group. In a shrinking Army, he maintained membership numbers by encouraging the Cavalry to join us, in a seamless and happy amalgamation. Although largely works of fiction, his erudite and amusing post-match reports were eagerly awaited. Barry conducted his life on the ‘just in time' principle. While waiting on the first tee for our fourth member to arrive, we still expect to hear that squeal of brakes, as Barry handbrake turns into the car park and sprints to join us at H-1. Loving husband, father and grandfather, professional soldier, talented artist, loyal friend and bon viveur. Barry was all of these and will be sorely missed by Collette, Sarah, Jamie and his many friends. At the celebration of a life well spent, his son Jamie said: “I will remember dad for his positivity and indomitable spirit, how he sought solutions to problems instead of getting affected by them; his empathy and fairness, his sense of adventure and mischief, his selflessness and generosity. He was our leader through good times and life’s challenges”.

Eddie Chadbourn Eddie was born in Plymouth on 1st February 1944 and was one of 8 children. Eddie was very proud of his roots and place of birth, and it was home to one of his lifelong loves, Plymouth Argyle Football club. He even

trialled for Plymouth at one point but was told he was too short to have a career in football. In later life he loved talking to people from the South West, and reliving memories from there. At 17 years old Eddie joined the Army, where he was to serve from 1961 to 1984 and was known as “Chad”. He had several roles during that time including Chef, Driver, Gunner Mechanic, NCO Commander, Troop Sergeant, and Staff Sergeant. He was in the 3rd RTR and the Royal Wessex Yeomanry. He was posted to many places including Cyprus, Malaysia, and Northern Ireland amongst others. Eddie completed three tours in Belfast and was proud of the fact that he never lost a man, though he said Northern Ireland was the scariest part of his service. The Army was a career for Eddie but also the start of a lifelong passion for travel and seeing the world. He credits this love of exploring other cultures and places from a superior who told him he could waste his time getting drunk in bars, or he could learn about where he was stationed. He chose the latter. He also played a lot of sports while in the Army including football, rugby and even boxing. Between 1966 and 1968 Eddie served with Commonwealth forces in Malaysia and was based initially in Borneo during the MalaysiaIndonesia Confrontation. Following cessation of hostilities, he was transferred to peninsular Malaysia and was based in Seremban. It was during this time that he met his future wife Kay at a milk bar in downtown Seremban and asked her to the Christmas dance. From this serendipitous meeting the couple were married in 1968 and Eddie subsequently re-joined his Regiment in Tidworth. There then followed years spent in Germany and the UK on regimental postings. His son Gavin was born in Hanover, Germany in 1970, and his daughter Indra in 1973 in Plymouth. On retiring from the army after 23 years of service, Eddie retrained and secured a job in Saudi Arabia for a few years. On his return to the UK, he worked for Browning Jones and Morris plumbing merchants in North London as a manager until his retirement. It was there that he met Anne, who was working in the same building but for another company and came into our lives. Anne was Frances’ sister and aunt to Katrina and I. Eddie was a good uncle and brother-in-law and cared for my gran in her last years too. He was always a steady support to us all, including to Liam and his family when they moved over from South Africa. Eddie and Anne were together for over 89

30 years until she died in 2019 after a very short battle with cancer. They had a good life up until then, making travel their favourite hobby. They travelled the world and went on at least two long haul holidays a year. Favourite places they visited regularly included South Africa to see family and the battlefields, Malaysia, Canada, Cyprus, Malta, America for Yellowstone, Mesa Verde and other national parks, Angkor Wat in Cambodia and many more. Eddie liked to explore wherever they were and learn about the history of each place. Aside from travelling the world with Anne, Eddie’s Number 1 hobby was sport, especially football though he would watch cricket, tennis, Formula 1 and others. With football he liked playing it, coaching it and watching his beloved Liverpool and Plymouth. Eddie became a FA accredited coach after leaving the army and enjoyed nothing more than teaching the next generation how to play the game that he loved. A friend said being a coach seemed to be Eddie’s calling of drilling the troops and football. So that's what Eddie enjoyed but what was he like as a person? Couple of things spring to mind: He could be a difficult person at times, but with a heart of gold, lH e was a no-nonsense man and a plain speaker, lH ad a wicked sense of humour - if you understood it, lH e held few airs and graces and said things how he saw them. l

Rest in peace Eddie you'ill be missed by all including your fellow tankies in the RTR Association Plymouth Branch. Died on 23 Jan 2022, aged 77.

John Dunn John Dunn (known to many as Jimmy) of 1RTR sadly passed away at home surrounded by his family on the 26 September. He was one in a million, his infectious smile lit up the room. He proudly served his country for 25 years and couldn't keep himself away from his beloved tanks so joined Babcock to serve another 20 years. He'll be missed by so many, his sense of humour was one of a kind and many will remember his jokes and stories but most of all his dedication to 1 RTR.

Roger Edwin Jewell Died on the 16 June 2022 aged 76. Roger was born at the City Hospital in Plymouth on 10 September 1945 and was the third child of Charlotte Louise and Bertram Jewell, who at the time was serving in the RAF at Harrowbeer, Yelverton near Plymouth. Roger’s brother, Dennis, was 20 years old when Roger was born and his sister Betty was 17 years old. She said that when she took him out in his pram she would twist her engagement ring around to pretend Roger was her baby! When Roger left Burleigh Secondary School, he went to work as a messenger boy at the Royal Naval armament department at Bull Point. He often spoke fondly of his time there. After that he worked at Telcalamit as an Inspector before joining the Royal Armoured Corps on 18 June 1963 at Catterick. After completion of training he was posted to the 3rd Royal Tank Regiment. He served in Fallingbostel in Germany and Sharjah, as well as postings in the UK. On Saturday 3 December 1966, when Roger was home on leave from Germany, his niece, Margaret, persuaded Roger to go to Plymouth Argyle with her (it was not even a first or second team playing!), it was Argyle v Andover; a place they later visited on several occasions when they lived in married quarters at Tidworth. Margaret worked with Cynthia and knew that Cynthia was on duty with the St John Ambulance Brigade for that match! Margaret had been trying to persuade Cynthia to become Roger’s penpal! After the match, Margaret introduced Roger and Cynthia, and the rest is history. They were married on 10 February 1968 at Emmanuel church, Plymouth. Roger was only given a 48 hour pass initially, to get married, but it did get extended to 72 hours! The planned honeymoon had to be deferred and they went to Paignton for the weekend instead. In Sharjah, Roger worked as a medic, and on one occasion when out on exercise, came

across a local with a severed ankle tendon. Roger stitched the tendon together and when he returned at a later date, he found that the person was able to walk again. Roger decided to leave the Army in August 1969 and return to Plymouth. After obtaining a City and Guilds certificate in heavy goods maintenance and working in a couple of local garages, Roger decided to train as a Driving Instructor with the Drake School of Motoring, before taking the plunge to go solo in April 1975. He never looked back! There were times when he had a waiting list of over twelve months! On 9 January 1977, their son Paul was born, and their daughter Katherine was delivered at Freedom Fields Maternity Unit by Roger on 22 July 1981, as the midwives had briefly left the room, just leaving a trainee doctor who was there to observe! In May 2011, Katherine married Dan at the Registry Office, before the family flew off to Kuramathi in the Maldives to take part in a local wedding on the beach. Roger was a very proud dad giving his beloved daughter away. On 23 January 2013 his darling granddaughter, Holly, was born. Thursdays soon became known as ‘Holly days’ and Roger would not book any work on a Thursday! They adored each other. Roger was still working in February 2022, until he lost his voice and then sadly on 5th April he was given the devastating news that he had secondary cancer. Roger and Cynthia enjoyed going away with Paul to cheer him along on marathons in various parts of the UK, as well as the major marathons in London, Berlin, New York and Chicago. Each place has happy memories which they had shared together. Roger’s Funeral at St Andrews Church Plymouth was lead by the Plymouth Branch Standard and Pall Bearers Alan Polak, Dave Pinder and Richie Elson, and proudly carried the RTR flag draped coffin with a Centurion Tank on top. Last Post was proudly sounded by ex-Royal Marine Richard Tilley, bringing a tear to everyone’s eyes and leaving a lump in the throat with an excellent rendition.

Colonel Mike Rose

Jack Woods Jack Woods died on 4 June 2022 aged 98.

Colonel Mike Rose died on 9 May 2022.

Jack served in 9RTR during WW2 from November 1942 to June 1945 and then 4RTR June 1945 to May 1947. Jack was born in Norwich in 1924 and after Grammar School he worked as a junior clerk in a brewery before joining the Army in 1939. He joined up on his 18th birthday.

It's sad to record the passing of Colonel Mike Rose. Yet another fine life lost to Cancer. He went to School at Kings Macclesfield where he was an outstanding student, a leading member of the CCF, a brilliant Rugby Full Back and Captain of School. All of these attributes stood him in good stead in the Army.

After training he had the choice of joining the 5th Inniskilling, the Lancers or the Tanks. He chose 9 RTR as it was prestigious. “You wanted to get to the best Regiment that you could. In Tanks you wore a tank badge on your arm and your beret and it was prestigious. You were one of the elite." He was posted to 9 RTR in Charing near Maidstone. Most of his unit came from the North (Geordies) and were older – in their 30s. He was mustered as a gunner mechanic (in layman's terms co-driver) in Churchill Tanks – “We thought they were magnificent.” He stayed there with the unit apart from trips to Brighton, Kirkcudbright and other places where they did firing practices until they were shipped out to Normandy where he landed after D-Day. Jack was then involved in the crossing of the River Orne and the crossing of the River Seine which was crucial to ending the Battle of Normandy and then served in Le Havre, Dieppe, Arnhem, the Ardennes, Roosendaal and the corridor to the Rhine, in Holland, Belgium and in Italy Jack was a member of The Normandy Veterans Association who bore their standards at his funeral. As you can imagine there is much more to Jack’s story. An excellent oral history can be found on the IWM site www.iwm.org. uk/collections/item/object/80018730 and he also features in Tank Tracks 9th Battalion Royal Tank Regiment at War, 1940-45 by Beale, Peter (ISBN: 9780750915199) Jack Woods died just two days before the 78th anniversary of D-Day, a commemoration he had not missed for decades, in the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital. His funeral service took place at St Faith's Crematorium on June 28th followed by a wake at The George Hotel, Arlington Lane, Norwich. Jack was a member of the RTRA London Branch.

He joined A Sqn 4RTR in 1960 in Lemgo. At that time, it was commanded by the redoubtable Major Ken Macksey MC. A Sqn was equipped with Saracen APCs and carried the infantry battalion of 7 Armoured Brigade, in this case 1A&SH followed by 5RNF. In 1960 these were battle hardened veterans of D Day and the Korean War, so Mike had first class tutelage on hand. Mike then moved to C Sqn 4RTR in Berlin equipped with Centurions. At this time East Germany was building ‘The Wall’, so he was not short of excitement early in his career. He was also playing rugby for Harlequins and the Army, and it was while playing at Twickenham that he met Lynda. The next posting for 4RTR was the Armoured Recce Regiment in the Middle East. Mike was in command of a Troop of four Saladins. The Regiment moved to Scotland to reform and train before the move to the Middle East. Mike spent much of his time up country in what was then The Aden Protectorate and is now The Yemen. He went on to serve with the Regiment in Malaysia including Borneo and returned to BAOR as Adjutant of 4RTR (still Armoured Recce) in Herford. He completed the School of Tank Technology Course renamed the Long Armour Infantry Course in 1966. This opened up technical staff jobs. The first of these jobs was in command of CYCLOPS Sqn 2RTR to take over a dozen Swedish S Tanks in Sweden, and carry out a major evaluation in Germany as input to the next MBT. This was followed by a posting to the FMBT (Future Main Battle Tank) Team. This project was partly staffed by German Panzer specialists, and Mike spoke fluent German! When this project was stopped, Mike volunteered to help set up a Staff College in Bangladesh. Mike took command of 4 RTR, which was a Chieftain Regiment at that time,

in Munster in 1978 and commanded until late 1980. Jobs in Hong Kong, Larkhill and FVRDE followed. He retired as a Colonel in 1987. British industry awaited and he very soon was appointed as Deputy Director of Distribution for Waitrose (soon to be Director) and is credited with devising and implementing their logistic support system. Mike retired from Waitrose in November 1999. He was then invited to join the British Executives Service Overseas (BESO), a band of consultants deployed by the British Foreign Office to assist business overseas. Mike dealt with such varied commodities as guns to butter in the Russian Federation and groceries in the Caribbean. He became a mentor for the Prince’s Trust, setting several young people on the road to starting up and running successful businesses. In addition to all these activities, he found time to study for an MA in the History of Warfare which he was awarded in 2012. He was a staunch supporter of Regimental activities such as the Annual Reunion of the Scottish Association, and Battlefield Tours throughout Europe. He was very proud to be President of the Bovington Branch of the Fourth’s Regimental Association. Colonel Mike Rose was a man of enormous talent, easily approachable and always willing to help where he could attributes which made him very popular with all ranks. He was one of our finest officers and will be sorely missed. He leaves his wife, Lynda and two daughters, Louise and Rebecca.

Lester (Roy) Millward Died 10 October 2022, aged 99. He served with 51 Bn RTR. In April 1938, the 7th (Leeds Rifles) Battalion, West Yorkshire Regiment converted to the armoured role as the 45th (Leeds Rifles) Battalion, Royal Tank Regiment. The Leeds Rifles was a long-standing Territorial Army (TA) infantry unit, founded by volunteers from the city of Leeds in 1859. In June 1939, the company based at Morley was split off to form the cadre for a duplicate unit, the 51st (Leeds Rifles) Bn, Royal Tank Regiment. On the outbreak of war in September 1939, 51 RTR was part of the 25th Army Tank Brigade, in Northern Command, alongside the Newcastlebased TA Regiments 43 RTR and 49 RTR.

At the end of May 1940, with the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) being evacuated from Dunkirk and the imminent threat of German invasion of England, the 25th Army Tank Brigade was redesignated 2nd Motor Machine Gun Brigade and its Regiments reorganised accordingly. Each of 51 RTR's three MMG squadrons consisted of three Troops, each with six Humber Snipe or Hillman Utility ('Tilly') two-seat cars, two carrying Vickers medium machine guns, two Bren light machine guns and two Boys anti-tank rifles. In July 1940, volunteers from the units of 25th Army Tank Brigade formed No 5 Troop of No. 5 Commando at Bridlington. In August, Lester and 51 RTR and the rest of the Brigade moved to Northumberland to guard the coastline with machine gun posts along the cliffs and sand dunes. The 25th Army Tank Brigade was reconstituted at the end of 1940, and its Regiments began to receive a trickle of tanks to train with. By the end of 1942, 51 RTR was fully trained and fully equipped with Churchill tanks. In January 1943, the Regiment embarked, with the rest of the 25th Tank Brigade, for North Africa, where it came under the command of V Corps of the British First Army in the Tunisian Campaign. Lester leaves 2 sons, with 2 daughters in laws, three grandchildren plus three great grandchildren.

Norman Arthur Wood Norman died on 10 March 2022, aged 97. Norman was born in Hale, Cheshire. He was the youngest of three siblings, sister Sybil was the eldest and brother Stanley barely 12 months older than Norman. As children, Norman recalled they were often mistaken for twins. Norman took great pride in his military career and remembered vividly the cold and wintry wartime day in February 1943 when he received his calling up papers notifying him to report to P.T.C Beverley, East Yorkshire. At that time he was living with his parents in married quarters at number 14 Maintenance Unit (MU) RAF Carlisle.

After 6 weeks of basic infantry training Norman was selected for the Royal Armoured Corps and his trade training was as a gunner/ mechanic.

95th and 100th Anniversary parades in Cambrai, and was also a frequent member of the branch on the “March to the Cenotaph” parades in London.

He was only 18 and was to spend the next four and a half years serving King and Country.

Frank joined the Army on 20 December 1960, enlisting as a boy soldier at Bovington Camp, Dorset. He passed out to regular service on 30 August 1963 under the watchful eye of the inspecting officer, Lieutenant-General Sir John W Hackett DSO. MC. On completion of training, he joined the 3rdRTR on 10 September 1963, leaving on 9 March 1967.

By May 1944 his Regiment, the 12th Royal Tank Regiment as part of the 21st Tank Brigade, had been in action in Tunisia and rumours were rife that they were coming home. They boarded HMT Samaria and found themselves crossing the Mediterranean to Naples. From there they gradually moved north seeing many wonderful places on the way but were now facing the German ‘Gothic Line’. Norman was injured in September 1944 when he stopped a splinter from a German shell in his back. He served for a further two years with the 8th Royal Tank Regiment part of the 7th Armoured Brigade, the Desert Rats after the war ended. Recalling his service, he said there were things he liked to remember and some he liked to forget but in his own words, “I would not have liked to have missed it.” Norman married Edna Rowlands on the 3 June 1949 at The Central Hall Methodist Church, Carlisle and they were happily married for 51 years. Later when Edna became ill, Norman spent the majority of his time with her at the hospice and devoted much of his free time there following her death. Norman continued his career in engineering and was also an active member of the Royal Observer Corps serving for over 27 years from February 1962 to July 1989. He was highly regarded amongst the Observer Corps and received the ROC Medal and Clasp for his continued service. On retirement he was appointed Honorary Membership. Norman will be greatly missed and leaves a huge gap in the lives of family and the many friends who had the pleasure of knowing him. The funeral took place on the 25 March at Carlisle Crematorium and family and friends were joined by members of the Royal Tank Regiment Association and the Royal British Legion who provided a guard of honour.

Francis “Frank” John Chambers Frank Chambers passed away on 17 June 2022. aged 76 at Derriford Hospital Plymouth. Frank had been a staunch member of the Plymouth Branch for a very long time. He supported the Branch on the trips to the 90th,

Frank was posted to A Squadron, and under the coaching of WO2 (SSM) Jones was in a winning ‘Tug of War’ team. Whilst serving at Catterick, Frank was selected to represent the Regiment in Plymouth Army Week and Taunton as part of the Display and Recruiting Team. On leaving the Army, Frank returned to Plymouth where he lived with his wife Hazel and two children. Frank worked at the Royal Navy Arms depot at Ernesettle, until he retired.Frank had an amazing send-off of Weston Mill Crematorium. His coffin was draped in the Regimental Colours and the funeral procession was led by the Standards of the Plymouth Branch, Devon and Cornwall Branch, and Bugler, John Fisher, who sounded the Last Post.

Chris Ashmore Chris Ashmore died on 5 March 2022, aged 73. Chris initially joined the Grenadier Guards on 14 August 1963 with whom he served for seven months until 3 March 1964. He later enlisted at Bristol on 8 July 1965 and re-capbadged to the Royal Tank Regiment and served with 3 RTR. His service was split between postings within the UK and Germany and he also completed a tour in Aden between February 1967 and August 1967 as well as a tour in Sharjah between January 1969 and October 1969. He left the Army on 22nd May 1973 having served for a total of eight years and having reached the rank of Lance Corporal. Chris was one of the Regiment’s Chelsea Pensioners.

Peter Adrian Griffiths Peter Griffiths died on the 13 November 2021 aged 77. Always known as Paddy, he joined the Fifth from Sandhurst in 1966. He was already known to us, having captained the RMAS XV against the Ironsides in April 1965 and quickly became a popular mess member and competent Troop Leader, in our Tidworth – based armoured reconnaissance role. The reason for his regular visits to Virginia Water at weekends, became clear when he later introduced us to Marian and they were duly married in 1967, with a Regimental Guard of Honour. After a short spell with the Fifth, Paddy completed an in-service degree at Oxford and following the disbandment of 5 RTR in 1969, he joined 4 RTR and became Adjutant to Lieutenant Colonel (later Major General) Sir Laurence New from 1971 to 1973. Sir Laurence remembers Peter as being outstanding in the role, balancing the competing demands placed on the RAC at that time. These included arms plotting, dismounted tours in Northern Ireland and maintaining a state of high readiness in BAOR. Preparation for the latter included being the first armoured battlegroup to train at the new British Army Training Unit Suffield (BATUS). That the Fourth met these pressures successfully, was in many ways a tribute to Peter’s influence and the respect in which he was held. Following his tour as Adjutant, Peter decided to leave the Army and embarked on a career in the wine trade. The family moved to France, where he was mentored by Robert Parker and others, before setting up his own company and later developing a wine trading platform known as The Wine Exchange. In 1987 the family moved back to the UK and settled in Albourne, West Sussex. He was the founder of the Arundel and South Downs Conservative Association and a Councillor for West Sussex. His charitable interests included becoming a Governor of Albourne Primary school and a trustee of the Chailey Heritage Foundation, which provides education and care services for young people with complex disabilities. Always rugby mad, he played for Harlequins and after retiring from the game,

remained a loyal (and vociferous) supporter of the club. Peter was a dedicated husband and nursed Marian through Alzheimer’s for 12 years, until her death in 2018. For this reason, we all rather lost touch with each other, but at least two Regimental ties were present at his memorial service. He leaves behind four children, a son in law and three grandchildren, all of whom miss him greatly.

Lieutenant Colonel Richard Sullivan Richard (Sully) Sullivan sadly passed away on Friday 21 October 2022. Richard’s life was characterised by fun, panache, compassion, an ability to bring out the best and engage genuinely with people of any level. Richard was born in Dorchester and educated at King’s Bruton. He was a great sportsman, especially rugby, and enjoyed pointing out the place where he scored a crucial try. He always hoped a plaque would mark the spot. He attended Sandhurst in 1962 and was commissioned into the Royal Tank Regiment which was also his father and grandfather’s Regiment. Richard was initially posted to 5 RTR but was persuaded by Doug Ambidge to move to The Second. He became a Troop Leader in CYCLOPS with Peter Bentley as his Second in Command. He was a strong member of the highly regarded Seconds rugby team, winning the RAC Cup on three occasions, as well as being a founder member of the The Bredebeck Vintners. This was formed at a three day Cocktail Party, in London, by Sully, Charlie Messenger and Chris Blatherwick. He was posted to Catterick in 1969 as Senior Instructor PO Wing with the 9/12th Lancers. He continued to play rugby, encouraging his Troop to compete. A report made it clear that immersion in mud under his close supervision was part of the selection process. Richard married Jan Traherne in 1969; they had two children, Mark and Kate. Richard and Jan provided the warmest welcome for so many people, regardless of rank, throughout their time in the Army.

Richard returned to the Second at Warminster, as 2IC AJAX, with Tony Walker. During this time he encouraged the Squadron to support and expand St John’s Ambulance in Warminster for which he was awarded the Order of St John. This was the early start of his subsequent prolific charity work. The combination of Tony and Richard was highly motivating but, above all, great fun. They imbued a spirit of immense professionalism which allowed freedom of action and initiative. AJAX were the Demonstration Squadron at the School of Infantry. A firepower demonstration took place each year including ‘The Mad Minute’ in which a tank fired as many rounds as possible. Richard decided to increase the normal turret crew of three to five which allowed a conveyor belt reloading process. A never to be beaten record of 24 rounds was achieved in a minute. In 1973 his recently acquired skills saw him move to the RAC Tactical School as an Instructor which was followed by a year with the Royal Yeomanry as Regimental Liaison Officer. He returned to 2 RTR as Squadron Leader, CYCLOPS, on conversion from a Tank to an Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment. Peter Bentley was his Commanding Officer. This was a great period for those who served with the Second. Peter believed in delegation which provided everyone with enormous scope to build their commands in a unique way. CYCLOPS, formerly the original Parachute Squadron, was no exception. Richard was quick witted and a natural leader. CYCLOPS were on Hohne Ranges awaiting the arrival of Brigadier Bob Pascoe. The Second had the only Safari Land Rover in BAOR into which the Brigade Commander was driven to watch CYCLOPS. Richard was in the Control Tower and observed the unique Land Rover emerge from the woods, 1000 metres down range, traversing from the right of the arc marker towards the left. The Squadron was live firing at this time. The Gunnery Report read “Major Sullivan’s handling of the Verey Pistol to stop firing was exemplary”. He completed a tour in Northern Ireland as Ops Officer, 2 RTR, before being posted to 2 Armoured Division as a Staff Officer for the very demanding Frank Kitson. He was then posted as Military Secretary to Headquarters 93

Northern Ireland in Lisburn. When he told Jan, she thought they were heading to sunny Portugal. Richard continued to show the highest quality of interpersonal skills. Richard was posted, in 1982, from HQ NI to be a Squadron Leader with the Life Guards in BAOR. He was greeted in a North German turnip field on a NATO exercise. The reception party included Iain Forbes-Cockell, his Squadron Second-in-Command, and two Troop Leaders, Tim Faulkner and Giles Stibbe. They had a vision, emerging from the Land Rover, of a grey-haired Toby Jug clad in black denims. Sully’s opening gesture offering the Squadron Signals CoH a cigarette followed by the greeting, “So, Boys, where’s the party tonight?” was not what B Squadron, The Life Guards, were expecting. Thus began a unique and groundbreaking period of service. He became a boon companion with a legendary Quartermaster, Ian Kelly. T-shirts proudly displayed fore and aft their mantra “Here we are Hale and Hearty, Brand New Day Brand New Party'' in the spirit of every self-respecting tank crew’s “Top Up and Motor On” Richard provided a style of leadership based on mutual human trust and winning respect. B Squadron left for Annual Firing tests at Hohne where they were graded A. The Squadron were made part of an extraordinary Battle group for 1983’s campaign season. Within the Battle group was a Company from the Green Jackets commanded by German Count, Jan-Dirk von Merfeldt who will always be remembered for “Zo Zully let us meet on zee Wagon Veel Road! The Squadron went to Sennelager for pre Canada training. Sully’s preparation included a Household Cavalry cypher stitched beside his RTR badge to make a Monty beret, a voluntary week in Riding School and Jan entertaining his Troop Leaders to “Lock- In” nights. In 1984 the Regiment returned to Combermere Barracks, Windsor with Tim Earl as CO and Sully as Regt 2IC in the Recce Regiment role for 5 Airborne Brigade. The Brigade was commanded by ex-Devon & Dorset and SAS Tony Jeapes MC. The Brigade deployed for a 3-week “Concentration” on Salisbury Plain. The highpoint of this was a cross-country run for which Life Guard officers carried Sully in a sedan chair to the delight of the Brigade’s 94

Gurkha Battalion who showed due deference to Sully Sahib. Richard was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel in 1984. This was followed by appointments at Fort Benning, USA and as Military Liaison Officer, BMATT, Zimbabwe, helping oversee the transition to independence. He ended his military career at the MOD responsible for managing high profile visits by senior defence officials and officers from overseas. Richard was appointed Clerk to the Worshipful Company of Girdlers in 1996 in the face of stiff competition. Unusually, he was asked to extend his term of office reflecting his energy and commitment to the Company, the Members and their principle charitable aims. During his appointment he was instrumental in affiliating the Irish Guards with the Girdlers. The Girdlers Company, on his departure, generously recognised his enormous contribution. He continued his charitable work as Chairman, Blackmore Vale, Royal National Lifeboat Institution raising large sums of money. He was a Trustee and Governor of King’s Bruton which included initiating a Royal Visit. Richard’s principal interest, outside of family life, was sailing, including competing in the Fastnet Race. Richard’s varied career is very much a reflection of a unique man whose own mantra was that human friendship, mutual loyalty and respect is the key to successful Leadership. He was able to relate to, and motivate, all levels of people from every background. His character, especially his quick wit and sense of humour, was legendary. As a former Regimental Sergeant Major said “There was only one Sully”.

Major Danny West Major ‘Danny’ West of the Special Air Service was a hell of a character, made many friends in the Regiment across all ranks, and was hugely respected. Danny holds a special place in the memories of those who served with him in Wolfenbuttel in 1982/3 for his infectious sense of fun, amazing tales of ‘derring do’, his

ability to talk incessantly while running 12 miles or more, his singing and guitar playing in the Mess and above all his kindness to everyone that he met. Danny joined the Second on what was known as ‘the knife, fork and spoon course’ in which commissioned soldiers from 22 SAS were sent to a Regiment to learn about the wider Army and life in an Officers’ Mess. Danny was attached to CYCLOPS under Major Tony Wallington as the Battle Captain for a period of 6 months, but such was the fun he was having, he asked to be extended and ended up staying for just over a year. He set himself a mission, to transform the Regiment into a keen running regiment and it was clearly going to take longer than 6 months. Danny joined 22 SAS in 1962 from the Royal Signals and served with distinction in Borneo in the 60s and in Oman and Northern Ireland in the 70s. He worked with BADGER in Magherafelt in 1977 when Simon Caraffi’s troop acted as his QRF. By this time he had become a well-known and respected character in 22 SAS and featured in Tony Jeapes’ book ‘SAS Operation Oman’ which tells of numerous firefights, courage and acts of compassion and kindness which Danny was involved in. He deployed to the Falklands War as D Squadron 2ic under the then Major Cedric Delves, where once again his courage, both moral and physical, were witnessed by British and Argentine soldiers alike. It was shortly after his return from the Falklands that Danny joined the Second in Wolfenbuttel. After his time with the Second, he returned to Hereford as the Training Major and was also employed in the MOD and then later as HQ Squadron leader before his retirement from the Army in 1995. In retirement Danny continued to do good work for a range of charities. Over the years he maintained his friendship with the Second and was a regular attendee at Peter Bentley’s annual lunch in the Regimental Officers’ Mess. Danny was married to Valerie Penson, who sadly died of a brain tumour in 1994; they had one daughter. He married Laura Nicholson in 1998 and had two more daughters. Danny died on 11 Dec 2021 and his funeral was held at Belmont Abbey, outside Hereford and was presided over by the Benedictine monk he had befriended some 40 years previously. Some of his ‘old Tankie’ mates joined the 400 strong congregation to see him off.

Ian Hawthorn Died on 21 July 2022. Ian had served eight years with the Regiment reaching the rank of Captain in 3RTR before emigrating to Australia. He was OC A Squadron in 1975/76. When Ian retired in 2010, he supported the New South Wales Lancers Lancers' Museum in Australia with his full drive and energy. He had already been helping-out with the organisation of Reserve Forces Day, but after election to the committee of management of the New South Wales Lancers Memorial Museum Inc in 2011, the Museum became his focus. He proved to be a great researcher, organiser and had the capability and tenacity to obtain funds. The meticulous way in which he sought out, obtained and managed grants and funds from public and private sources demanded admiration. His passion for the Second AngloBoer war and the Lancers' participation therein shows well in the Museum's collection; his unearthing and contextualising items like Patterson's poems, the Elands River Flag etc enhanced the Museum's collection. His greatest triumph was the fundraising and management of the project to restore the WW2 Matilda Tank ACE; this will stand as a symbol of his endeavour for many years to come. Ian continued to volunteer at the Lancers Museum until just after an illness that had not till the very last, stopped him from volunteering at the Lancers Museum. He had been guiding and manning the gate but a month before.

Tony Pyatt Tony Pyatt died on 23 January 2022 aged 105. Tony was born in Oare, Kent,in 1916 before his much loved RTR was formed during the First World War. He started his career as a journalist with The Wisbech Standard. At the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939 Tony joined 48 RTR (Reserve) and was based in Sandersted until the spring of 1940

when he was posted to Salisbury where the unit was equipped with the new Valentine tanks. There he remained until after the Battle of Britain when the Regiment was posted to the outskirts of Wickham Market in Suffolk. It was there he met Audrey, who was to become his wife and with whom he had four children (Stephen, Andrew, Elizabeth and Vivienne). In the summer of 1941, Tony was commissioned and sent join No3 OCTU in Wiltshire following which he was sent to the Wireless wing of No1 pre OCTU near Aldershot (along with Raymond Francis of “No Hiding Place" fame) to become a wireless instructor. Tony remained there until interviewed by General Mike Carver commanding 1 RTR (The First) of the Seventh Armoured Division who had been fighting in the desert and Italy. He appointed him as his communications officer in 1 RTR which was now being re-equipped with Cromwells. The Unit was sent to West Ham Football ground to await the invasion of Europe. They sailed on 6 June with Tony on a Liberty ship (a sister ship upon which he was able to sail again in San Francisco Bay when he visited many years later to stay with his daughter and son in law living there). On arrival in Arromanche (Gold Beach), the Unit waited until D plus 2 before going ashore to fight in the very difficult battle for Caen. Tony recalls taking on the much superior German Tigers particularly at Villers-Bocage. Tony's unit fought their way up through Northern Europe capturing and destroying V1 and 2 sites including trying to support the airborne attack on Arnhem (where his brother in law Dennis Cutting had been dropped) before finishing up in Berlin where he met Montgomery. Tony always reckoned that probably his most difficult task was after the German surrender. He was ordered to take some 600 German prisoners from Berlin by train back through the Soviet Zone of occupation to West Germany where they were to be sent back to their homes. Despite agreeing to the transfer, the Russian occupiers made life very difficult and challenging. Indeed he had to hide two German nurses who had been smuggled aboard. A journey, which should have taken a few hours, took two days. In February 1946 Tony finally left Berlin for Ostend, Dover and finally to the demob

centre in Northampton to be signed off and given his civilian hat, suit and so forth. Tony resumed his career as a journalist, retiring as editor of the Ipswich Evening Star in 1978. Tony was awarded the Legion D'Honour by the French Government. Tony was able to celebrate his 105th birthday last September with close family and three members of the RTR, it was an extremely special day for him. A very much-loved husband, father, father in law, grandfather, great grandfather and friend to many.

Eugeniusz Tymoszycki (Mike Tymo) Eugeniusz Tymoszycki (Mike Tymo) passed away to the Green Fields 29 June 2022 aged 74. Mike was born April 1948, being the eldest of four siblings. L/Cpl Tymoszycki enlisted into the 1st Royal Tank Regiment in March 1967 in Catterick, where he qualified as a Centurion Tank Driver. In September 1967 Tymo moved with A Squadron as a Radio Operator Driver to Berlin with the independent Armoured Squadron, which, at the time, was still on high alert due to the Cold War. He then moved with the Regiment to BAOR Osnabruck from January 1969 to April 1973 on Centurion Tanks. Tymo completed a full tour of Northern Ireland commanding Armoured Cars until December 1974. Tymo continued his service with a tour of Cyprus ending in 1975. He finished his Regimental career in March 1976. Tymo was a popular character, well respected and easygoing. He was cool, calm and good to have around in tricky situations Mike transferred his Military experience, skills, and qualifications to employment working for ICI Chemicals LTD in Runcorn 1976 – 2001, retiring thereafter. Mike tragically lost his Mother, and it was during compassionate leave that he met Lorraine. He married Lorraine in 1972. He was blessed with 3 boys; Tony, Mark and Lee, but sadly lost his daughter Joanne at 2 days old in 1973. In May 1981, he tragically lost his beloved wife Lorraine. Mike was a family man, devoted to his children throughout life and was a proud grandfather and much loved by his 10 grandchildren. In 1999 Mike met Linda, his long-time partner. Together they shared many loving memories 95

to the end. In April 2006 Mike was diagnosed with throat cancer. Mike endured an intense treatment programme and following successful treatment he was in remission, and in September 2011 was given the all clear. Despite all the challenges in life Mike faced and overcame he remained upbeat and thankful for what he had. Mike was a true gentleman and was always there to help others, nothing was ever too much to ask. It was the cancer treatment that later in life caught up with him and cut short his life. Mike passed away after a short illness due to aspiration pneumonia, age 74. Mike was laid to rest on 20 July 2022 with representation from the Armed Forces, with many of his old Tank Regiment comrades in attendance.

William Parker William Parker died aged 99. Bill was born on 1 January 1921 at ‘Gubbergil Farm’, Irton, Cumberland to Joseph and Sarah Parker. Very poor and humble beginnings were made more difficult as his mother’s family were wealthy land and property owners who effectively disowned her and her family. Bill left school aged 14 with very little education to work for his uncle Tom as a butcher’s apprentice. He regularly had to deliver meat to the ‘Lutwidge Arms’ Hotel (owned by mother’s family) but they would never acknowledge him and even shut the door in his face – he remained very bitter about this for the rest of his life and was determined to raise his family up through hard work and education. He was passionate that his children and grandchildren receive a good education and took great pleasure in seeing them prosper At 15 he ran away from home to Barrow-inFurness. He tried to enlist in the Navy but when asked his age he couldn’t lie quick enough and gave the game away. The recruiting man told him to, “go round the block and come back when you’re 16”. He left and went ‘round the block' but came 96

across the Army recruitment centre, went in with the correct “story” and enlisted in the King’s Own Regiment. His first army career didn’t last long – his mother came after him and as he was underage he was discharged At 17 he re-enlisted in the Lancashire Fusiliers and six months later transferred to 8th Royal Tank Regiment in Colchester. War came and the Regiment moved to North Africa as part of 23rd Armoured Division. As that theatre of war closed the Regiment returned to the UK for the invasion of Europe. The troop ship landed them in Scotland and they were transferred south by train but Bill decided to take this opportunity to jump off the train, go home and see his parents and deliver a kitbag full of ration tins that he happened to have. He turned up unexpectedly to find that they had plenty of home-grown food and couldn’t understand why he’d lugged this very heavy bag half way round the world – he always laughed about that. In Jan 1941 he joined 11 th RTR and fought his way across Europe. He took part in the action in Holland where the dykes had been breached and amphibious assault tanks were used. He was at the liberation of Belsen Concentration Camp which affected him badly and he somehow managed to get himself taken prisoner by the advancing Russians because he had so much borrowed clothing that they thought he was a German. They realised their mistake and released him only after getting him completely drunk on Vodka for three days to say sorry. His war seemed to be a mixture of hard fighting and foraging. He had five tanks ‘shot out from under him’ (as he put it) and he witnessed many harrowing sights which he rarely talked about but he never passed up an opportunity to tell about his adventures while living off the land. In May 1944 Bill married Sylvia Andrew, an ATS girl who, because she worked in Army records for the Royal Tank Regiment wore their badges. William noticed this and asked her why, and this is how they met. On the 14 June 1947 they welcomed their

daughter Sandra followed by a son, Andrew on 18 July 1951. The following years saw him and the family posted far and wide, from Hong Kong to Germany. After nearly 26 years of marriage Sylvia suddenly passed away and so Bill volunteered for a posting to Northern Ireland where he served for six years. After 38 years’ service, Bill finally retired from the Army but continued working for them as a civilian. In 1977 he married Joan Barbra Owen, ‘He had known Babs for many years as she was the sister of William’s war time Army friend Glanville Owen and Bill had stayed with Glanville parents many times on leave as Cumberland was too far to go home. Bill took an active interest in the lives of his grandchildren and great grandchildren, he was always very proud of their achievements. Bill spent his last years in Dorset with Babs. He never forgot his roots and always loved the countryside. He was never happier than when out walking the Purbecks or driving about his car looking at the countryside. His favourite phrase was “Bye Jove the land’s in fine fettle”. Fred Bolwell Fred Bolwell died on the 19 of November 2021. Fred first enlisted in the Army at 17 shortly after the war on 7 August 1946 on an emergency engagement of two years, and badged to the Royal Armoured Corps. He then enlisted at Bristol as a regular army soldier on 22 September 1948 and was posted to 3 RTR where he went on to serve for a full 22 years. His service was equally split between posting within the UK and Germany with tours with the Far East Land Force in Hong Kong between 16 December 1949 and 29 April 1952 and to Borneo from 18 January 1966 and 26 June 1966. He left the Army on 21 August 1970 having reached the rank of SSgt. Fred was one of the Regiment’s Chelsea Pensioners.

John Frederick Smith John Smith died on 2 August 2022 aged 91. John was born in Richmond, Yorks on 28 May 1931. His father also served in the 2nd Bn of the Hampshire Regiment before later moving to Weston on Trent, Derby. John went to school at Weston and later worked on the land as a market gardener for Coopers, formerly Weston Hall before joining the Army at the age of 18 in Derby. He was stationed in Kowloon in Hong Kong and returned after the tour to Bovington Camp. While at Bovington he was progressing steadily up the ranks after becoming a Gunnery Instructor at Lulworth which enabled him to become a Tank Commander. His next move was to Detmold, where he was promoted to Sergeant in 1954. Here he met his wife Sheila (her father was stationed here). They married in Hobart Barracks on 19 April 1958 and went on to spend 64 years together. He said he needed a medal!! Herford was his next posting to 4th Tanks where he was promoted to Staff Sergeant before moving with the Regiment to Catterick. Two years later in 1966 John was moved to 2 RTR and posted to Fallingbostel, Germany. The Queen’s parade held in Sennelager presented new standards to the Regiment. John shook hands with the Queen and joked with her.

part of the Derbyshire and the Chesterfield Branches of the RTR Association. John proudly served in the RTR for 24 years (1949 – 1973) and never forgot his regimental number (22272716). The RBL attended the funeral with the Regimental drape laid over his coffin. The Regimental march was played and John passed to the green fields. Now sadly missed by his wife Sheila, son Steve and daughter Denise.

Geoffrey Mallock Died on 27 May 2022 aged 81. Colonel (Retd) Geoffrey Ross Mallock AFC. Many will know him as Ross Mallock, a larger than life character who was a talented musician, an amusing writer and a likeable entrepreneur who could organise and enthuse others to assist him in delivering ideas and events. He was born in India, the son of a Cavalryman who was charged with the unenviable task of converting his fellows onto armoured cars. Small wonder that Ross chose the Royal Tank Regiment when he graduated from Sandhurst in 1961 and joined 5 RTR. He took advantage of the Integrated Flight Scheme to qualify as an Army Pilot on Light Aircraft Course 168. From there he joined 3 RTR Air Troop at Detmold in 1965. He remained with the Flight until late 1966 when he was selected for training as an Instructor and qualified in 1967, with a promotion to Captain.

Later John and his family moved back to Bovington where John was seconded to Northern Ireland Command, Best Brook Castle, Cross MacGlenn. This was his last posting. John was always one of the lads displaying a good sense of humour and had good morale with his troops.

Following a brief period as an Instructor at Middle Wallop, Ross was posted as Second in Command and QHI of the UN Flight operating out of Nicosia in Cyprus. His Flight Commander at that time was the Late Major David Craig GM, who went on to be the first AAC Secretary, who almost immediately put Ross in harm’s way by sending him to observe a clash between EOKA and UN Troops on the ground. His appearance overhead in a UN Sioux immediately drew gunfire from the malcontents, probably to the relief of the Green Jackets who were facing them.

After leaving the Army John found life a lot different and managed to get a job at International Combustion (now Rolls Royce) as a Plant Hire Manager for close to 17 years. Through his retirement, his allotment and garden kept him fit for years. He was also

Ross later recalled his time with the UNFICYP Flight in verse form, which was published in the AAC Journals of 1967 and 1968. He returned to Middle Wallop in 1968 for a brief period before being posted to his own 5 RTR Air Squadron but that drew to a close quickly when he was

John was later in Hohne, Germany. On 14 July 1969 he was awarded WO2 (RQMS Tech) at the age of 38 by the visiting Colonel Commandant.

approved for transfer to the permanent cadre of the AAC in late 1969 and became a volunteer display pilot with the Blue Eagles team. It was during this period that his work in Aviation was recognised and rewarded with the award of the Air Force Cross. 1971 was an important year for Ross for it was then that he married Vivien. Shortly after that important event he graduated from Staff College and was promoted to Major, taking post as a Staff Officer in the HQ Director Army Aviation at Middle Wallop for a two year tour until taking command of 663 Squadron, which was a subunit of 3 Regiment Army Air Corps. His promotion to Lieutenant Colonel followed in 1979 and command of 9 Regiment AAC, which was based in Detmold at that time. From Regimental Command he went on to be an SO1 at what was known at that time as Personnel Branch 14, responsible for the career management of AAC Officers and then onto a post at HQ UK Land Forces. He was Commandant of the Army Air Corps Centre at Middle Wallop in 1988 and retired in 1994. He did not go quietly into retirement. His connection to and with the Army Air Corps continued through a number of ventures. As a member of the Tactical Doctrine Branch of HQ DAAvn he was also the amusing and skilled editor of the annual AAC Journal, persuading such renowned cartoonists of the time to illustrate the publications. He was also heartily involved in the AAC Air Days and the Museum’s Music in the Air events, acting as compare and getting involved in their organisation. He was also a skilled writer, with a wry humour, who published a number of amusing books including, Telling Tales, Botanic Verses, Many a Slip, Tales for Beginners and The Likes of Leicester. Colonel Ross Mallock AFC embraced the Army Air Corps when he chose to cross the floor as a young RTR pilot and it was the AAC who drew benefit from that. He is survived by his wife, Vivien (Vivi), his son Toby and daughter Sarah and their children. It is worth mentioning that Vivi is a talented artist in her own right who sculpted the RTR Memorial, busts of the HRH Prince of Wales and HM The Queen Mother, and, more recently created the magnificent bronze eagle that tops the Army Air Corps Memorial at the National Memorial Arboretum in Staffordshire.

Major General Martin Sinnatt CB Major General Martin Sinnatt CB, died 15 September 2022, aged 94. Martin Sinnatt joined the Army in July 1945 and attended a university short course at Hertford College, Oxford, before doing his basic training at Catterick Camp with 59th Training Regiment Royal Armoured Corps (RAC). In 1948, he was commissioned from RMA Sandhurst into the Royal Tank Regiment and joined 1 RTR at Detmold, where they were part of the British Army of the Rhine. As a keen young officer in command of a Troop consisting of two Comet tanks and two Centurions, he also focused on sport, and represented the Regiment at swimming, water polo, athletics, rugby, football, squash, hockey and basketball. He also represented the BAOR at rugby and swimming. The Korean Armistice was signed on July 27, 1953, and after that Martin was appointed aide-de-camp to Lieutenant-General Bruce Clarke, who commanded 1st (US) Corps. This was followed by a staff job at HQ Land Forces UK, where Martin was involved in the mobilisation of reservists during the Suez crisis. He subsequently joined 1 RTR in Hong Kong as Regimental Adjutant. Martin was posted to Aden as GSO 2 (Plans) at HQ British Forces Arabian Peninsula shortly before it became an RAF-dominated HQ Middle East Command. In 1961, he was involved in planning and implementing the British response to Iraq’s threat to Kuwait and moved to Bahrain to establish the forward base for the British intervention. He then joined 3 RTR at Detmold as a Squadron Leader with Centurion and Conqueror tanks and moved with the Regiment to Catterick Camp as the RAC Training Regiment. In 1964, a staff posting as Military Assistant (Personal Staff Officer) to the Commander-inChief Allied Forces Northern Europe took him to Oslo. He made frequent visits to military bases across Europe, the most important of which was to take part in the annual exercises of the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) in Belgium. In the North of Norway, Martin acquired the

only wound of his military service when, after a lengthy formal dinner, his sleigh, pulled by a racing reindeer, crashed. He was badly cut above the eye and had to rely on the beast’s local knowledge to get home. After returning to 3 RTR, then at Fallingbostel, Lower Saxony, and equipped with Centurion tanks, he led the advance party to Tidworth, Wiltshire, where the Regiment converted to armoured cars. From 1969 to 1971, he commanded 4 RTR at Hohne, West Germany. The Regiment was equipped with the new Chieftain tank but the multi-fuel engine was liable to break down, and on his first exercise Martin lost a third of his tank strength soon after leaving barracks. A stint on the directing staff of the National Defence College was followed by promotion to Brigadier and a posting as Commander RAC at 1st British Corps, Bielefeld, West Germany. He was responsible for the effectiveness of RAC training and supervised the introduction of a series of reconnaissance vehicles. In 1974, he moved to the MoD as the armoured lead in the Operational Directorate, where he managed the design and development of a wide range of armoured vehicles, helicopters and tank and infantry weapons. Attendance at the Royal College of Defence Studies in London was followed by promotion to Major General and a return to the MoD as Director of Combat Development. His role was to combine strategy, tactics and technology and look some 20 years ahead. Elements of his research are evolving on the battlefields of today. Martin’s final appointment was that of Chief of Staff, Live Oak, based at SHAPE HQ in Belgium. Established to continue the guarantee of military access to Berlin under the 1945 four-power agreements, Live Oak was a crisis-management organisation. In the absence of a crisis, he found time to reduce his golf handicap to 21. After leaving the Army in 1984, he was appointed CB. For nine years, until he retired in 1993, he was chief executive of the Kennel Club. Martin Sinnatt married, in 1957, Susan (Sue) Clarke. She predeceased him and he is survived by their four daughters.

Colonel Jack Dixon OBE Colonel Jack Dixon OBE, was Commissioned into 5 RTR and commanded 3 RTR in 1972. Jack Dixon served in Korea in 1954 and then in Libya where he was A/Adjt and ‘Master of Foxhounds’ to some rather odd fox hounds that 5 RTR inherited from the Scots Greys! He was a keen Polo player with 5RTR beating the Queen’s Bays (2nd Royal Dragoons) on their ponies in Tripoli. Peter Loup recalls: “He was a superb Troop Leader handing over to me without a missing spanner!! After Libya we moved to Catterick where Jack spent many afternoons Beagling - he was a keen runner.” One of his postings was to Ghana where he formed their Recce Squadron which then fought in the Congo, “a bloody affair” according to Jack. Jack was straight forward, forthright and crystal clear. Commanding 3 RTR in Fallingbostel, he set ruthlessly high standards especially of battlefield discipline, tactics, gunnery and administration – standards which he supervised with some rigour. The sound of “niner” on a squadron net would put the fear of God into Troop Leaders and he had a sharp tongue. However, he led by example and his impact on the Regiment was to set a benchmark and legend which earned him the highest respect of all ranks. There is a batch of 3 RTR officers whose stellar careers owe much to the inspirational tutelage and leadership of Jack Dixon: three Troop Leaders became Generals and more than half a dozen other officers at RD became Brigadiers. As CO, he also led 3 RTR in the infantry role in a tour of Northern Ireland. Jack was a kind and very family-oriented man. Always a keen skier, Jack met his GermanDanish wife, Karen, on a skiing holiday in Southern Germany. They married against the advice and custom of the post-war BAOR of the time. He was devoted to her and, after his tenure as Regimental Colonel and then the Kuwait Armoured Advisory Team, he retired early from the Army, returning to Germany. He and his wife ran a successful B&B Hotel in the Harz Mountains, where he often and generously hosted Regimental Officers. Karen pre-deceased him in December last year. Jack’s wishes were to have a private woodland burial near Hamburg, near the graves of several 5 RTR soldiers who lost their lives there in 1945 retaking the city. He leaves behind his two children, Robert and Helga and his older sister, Jill, the widow of Major David Linaker RTR.

Angus Southwood Born September 4, 1929, died June 22 2022. Lieutenant-Colonel Angus Southwood, who has died aged 92, played a notable part in one of the most remarkable espionage coups of the Cold War. Based at Potsdam, East Germany, Southwood served with the British Commanders’-in-Chief Mission to the Soviet Forces in Germany (Brixmis) from 1965 to 1967. The compact whereby the British and Soviet commandersin-chief exchanged military liaison missions, remained in force from 1946 until the reunification of Germany in 1990. There were similar arrangements for American and French forces. Brixmis was not originally intended to become involved in covert reconnaissance, but it developed into an arm of British Intelligence, with a specialist map-making team, electronic, signals and photographic experts and light aircraft with dedicated RAF pilots. Differing interpretation of the rules led to disputes and some sharp clashes. On the afternoon of April 6, 1966, the Soviet Air Forces’ new long-range interceptor, the Yak-28P Nato code-named Firebar, suffered an engine failure and crash-landed into Lake Havel which straddled the British and Russian sectors of Berlin. The two-man crew was killed. Military police cordoned off the site, but the Soviets reacted swiftly and a bus load of armed troops was soon on the bank of the lake. Southwood, a fluent Russian speaker, was given a letter from the General Officer Commanding the British Garrison in Berlin, Major General Sir John Nelson, to take to Vladimir Bulanov, a Major General in the Soviet Air Force. Southwood translated the letter for Bulanov. It instructed him to leave with his troops within the hour. Infuriated, Bulanov told Southwood to go back to the GOC and ask him if he was threatening the Soviet Union. Nelson, who had commanded the 3rd Bn Grenadier Guards in the Second World War and been awarded a DSO and an MC, did not mince his words. “Tell Bulanov,” he said, “to f--- off out of the British sector.”

The troops were withdrawn but Bulanov was allowed to stay and to keep a small observation party. He was also given the assurance that the aircraft and the bodies of the aircrew would be recovered and returned to the Soviets. As soon as it was dark, Squadron Leader Maurice Taylor, the RAF Operations Officer, equipped with a camera and a flash, took a dinghy and rowed out to where the tail of the aircraft was protruding from the water. The photographs that he took were sent to Whitehall and analysts confirmed that this was an aircraft that the MoD needed to know a great deal more about. The stage was set for an operation to stall the Soviets for long enough to retrieve the engines and the cockpit radar, examine them and return them to the wreckage, without the subterfuge being discovered and leading to a dangerous escalation of tension. The Soviets were told that the engines were buried deep in the mud. Divers went down at night. The engines, together with the radar and avionics, were lifted out of the wreckage, floated on a raft to a point near Gatow Airport and flown to the Royal Aircraft Establishment, Farnborough, for examination.

driving tanks at Catterick Camp, and went on to RMA Sandhurst. He served as a Troop Leader with the 5th Royal Tank Regiment in Germany and, subsequently, in Korea shortly after the end of the conflict. He then took a two-year Russian language course at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies at London University before moving to Paris and staying with a family who spoke Russian. He transferred to the Intelligence Corps and was posted to 1st Wireless Regiment, Royal Corps of Signals, on the German-Dutch border. He ran the Voice Intercept Section, a unit tasked with listening for 24 hours a day to radio traffic from the Soviet forces in East Germany. Tactical information was passed to HQ BAOR and other intelligence to GCHQ. Three staff appointments on attachment to the Intelligence Corps followed; first at HQ 24th Infantry Brigade in Nairobi, Kenya, then at HQ 2nd Infantry Brigade, Plymouth, and lastly as adjutant at HQ Intelligence Corps in West Germany.

Bulanov, who remained with the observation party, made repeated protests as he was not allowed on to the recovery raft. On one occasion he tried to bluff his way through the cordon but backed off when challenged by two soldiers from the Inniskillings who left him in no doubt that they were ready to shoot him if he did not stop.

Southwood instructed at the School of Military Intelligence, Ashford, Kent from 1961 to 1963. He ran courses for unit instructors from all three services. Some of the exercises conducted with members of the special forces consisted in capturing “escapers”, taking them to an interrogation centre run on communist lines and subjecting them to rigorous interrogation. This included practices like hooding, sleep deprivation and time disorientation.

During what was a deliberately protracted salvage operation, Southwood was given the task of entertaining Bulanov as well as coming up with a series of plausible technical excuses for the delay. At last, on April 13, under cover of darkness, the engines were returned to the aircraft’s main wreckage and handed over.

Three years with the Ministry of Defence was followed by his posting to Brixmis. Despite many areas being put out of bounds and increased shadowing and harassment from the East German Police, he succeeded in covering a wide range of targets, many of them extremely difficult to approach.

Bulanov noticed that some of the tips of the rotor blades of the engines had been sawn off. He just shrugged his shoulders, Southwood said afterwards. He realised that he'd lost the game.

His resourcefulness and outstanding leadership resulted in an unabated flow of high-quality intelligence, and he was appointed MBE at the end of a most exacting tour. He subsequently held various appointments with the Intelligence Corps in Britain and Germany before retiring from the Army in 1979. He ran courses teaching resistance to interrogation before finally retiring in 1993.

Angus Howard Southwood was born at Taunton, Somerset, on September 4, 1929. His father had left school aged 12 having, he confessed, played truant for seven years. He became an estate agent and Mayor of Taunton. Young Angus was educated at Wellington School, Taunton, before being called up for National Service. He did his basic training,

He was a cheerful, good-humoured man, and his career choices were invariably based on whether the posting was likely to satisfy his appetite for risk-taking and adventure. 99

Sometimes this came at the cost of less rapid promotion but he considered that a price well worth paying. Angus Southwood married, in 1957, Maureen Ford. She predeceased him and he is survived by their two sons and two daughters. Robert Leach Robert (Bob) Leach died on the 19 February 2022. Bob served with the 2nd Royal Tank Regiment. He enlisted in April 1953 (CYCLOPS Squadron, 2 Troop) and served in Munster, Germany before leaving in April 1956 with the rank of Corporal.

Albert Birnie Albert was born in Pitsligo, Scotland, the son of a farmer. He had three sisters and three brothers. After leaving school he worked on the farm, but then in 1937 at 16 years of age he decided to join the Army by lying about his age, stating he was 18. He joined the Royal Tank Regiment and when war began, he went to fight in France. Following the retreat to England his Regiment went on to North Africa to fight Rommel’s Afrika Korps and from there his Regiment was rushed to Greece to help defend against the German invasion. Following bitter fighting on the Greek mainland and against overwhelming odds, the Regiment withdrew initially to Crete then back to North Africa. This resulted in Albert being captured defending El Adem airfield. He was then forced to walk three days over the desert without food or water to reach Benghazi where he was put on board an Italian ship called Queen of the Sea. With hundreds of prisoners on board the vessel was torpedoed by the Royal Navy just when a storm arose resulting in hundreds of men losing their lives. The damaged ship was blown onto rocks on the Greek coast. Survivors were rescued by lifeline and taken to Italy and imprisoned until Italy capitulated. The Germans then moved all the prisoners to Germany and Poland to work in the mines and factories. Albert was fortunate to work in a factory.

When the Russians pushed into Poland all the prisoners of war were forced to march during the night to avoid air strikes. They eventually arrived in Regensburg in Bavaria where they were liberated by US troops. Albert had spent three and a half years as a prisoner of war. After the war Albert worked in the building trade. He met and married Jacqueline in 1980. It was a very happy marriage of some 40 years. Sadly, Jackie developed dementia and had to go into a care home. Albert entered the home a year late to be with his wife who died in 2019. Albert was a lovely man who was well liked by all who met him and he will be remembered with affection. He died on 29 January 2022.

Chris Shaw Chris initially served with 2 RTR in Munster in 1978 as “Emelet” – a REME 2Lt on a Short Service Limited Commission. After graduating from Exeter, he was commissioned into 2 RTR serving in Wolfenbuttel from 1982 as a Troop Leader in CYCLOPS and then going on to be ADC to General Sir Tony Walker while he was commanding 3 Armoured Division. Chris left the Army after five years and after some time working in finance, returned to his farm in his native Kenya at Limuru. David Alan Belfied Died on the 9 June 2022, aged 84. David was born on the 14 April, 1938 and joined the Army on 17 October 1956. He was demobbed from the Army on 16 October 1959. As a National Serviceman he chose the regular three-year option, earning a few pounds weekly rather than twenty five shillings! He then served in the Army reserves until 16 October 1963. Prior to joining the Army, David was a skilled mechanic. He was a popular and most efficient 2 Troop Cpl in the days of temperamental radio 19 sets and Centurion tanks. David lived in barracks and so his young and green tank crew soon sharpened up under his meticulous gaze, both on and off duty. David married Meg in 1971 and they had more than fifty years together, surrounded by a large, loving and happy family. The second love of his life (after Meg and his family!) was his garden, which was situated on the side of a hill. He

spent many hours toiling away. He was a keen walker and even completed a sponsored walk raising funds for his local Cardiac Rehabilitation Centre a few weeks before his death. At his funeral an RTR band recording of Highland Cathedral was played. Moving tributes were paid by his sons.

Major Ian Hodgson Died on the 14 September 2021. Ian joined 2 RTR in Bovington in 1963 to do his YO’s course. His first real posting was to Lisanelly Camp in Omagh, Northern Ireland. From there he deployed to Camp Ziggi, Cyprus in 1964 as part of a six month UN tour. In 1965 he was posted to Perham Down to convert to Centurion Tanks and then to Hohne in West Germany. Ian served in AJAX, 2 RTR until he was subsequently posted to 1 RTR as a Squadron Leader. He attended the Indonesian Staff College and remained in Jakarta to aid the Defence Attaché. In late 1979 Ian went as GSO2 SD to the RAC Centre at Bovington where he married the WRAC officer working in the office across the corridor. In late 1983 Ian was selected for the Russian Interpreter course at Beaconsfield and then spent some 18 months at GCHQ in Cheltenham. The next few years were perhaps the most interesting in Ian’s career. He was posted to HQ BAOR in Rheindahlen as G2 Intelligence where he was involved with BRIXMIS (The British Commanders'-in-Chief Mission to the Soviet Forces in Germany) and was, with Lt Col Bill Snell, the first to observe an exercise in the DDR. Then, just as the Wall came down and the Soviet Union began to dissolve, he was posted to the new Joint Arms Control Implementation Group (JACIG) at RAF Scampton. In those more optimistic days, he travelled in Russian and other former Warsaw Pact countries to verify the destruction of tanks and heavy weapons as well as hosting teams from Russia when they came to the UK. Sometimes he went on visits as a member of another NATO country’s team. A short time recruiting in Bristol wrapped up Ian’s Army career. He retired in 2006 and returned to GCHQ for the next 10 years still using his Russian and military experience.

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