RR Auction: Fine Autographs and Artifacts Featuring Revolutionary War

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Presidents and First Ladies

In early 1787, George Washington approves payroll for laborers constructing the ambitious Potowmack Canal, his landmark effort to unite the young republic through commerce and western expansion

1. George Washington Signed ‘Potowmack Company’ Payroll Document - Funding a Foundational Early American Canal Project (1787). Manuscript DS, signed “Go: Washington,” one page, 8.75 x 16, January 3, 1787. Potomack Company payroll document for workers at Shenandoah Falls from September 29–November 12, 1786, overseen by Alexander Pollock, Thomas Pollock, Robert Duke, and James Hamilton, listing the names of over fifty men along with their occupations, number of days worked, rate of pay, and amount owed. Endorsed on the reverse by George Washington, John Fitzgerald, and George Gilpin as directors of the Potomac Company. In very good to fine condition, with archival repairs to fold separations; Washington’s crisp signature remains bold and unaffected.

One of George Washington’s greatest interests in the period between the end of the Revolutionary War and the start of his presidency was the development of the picturesque Potomac River as a navigable inland transportation route. The Potowmack Company, formed in 1785 to accomplish this task through a series of locks and canals, was among the earliest large-scale infrastructure ventures in the United States, with Washington serving as its president. The company’s charter provided ‘liberal wages’ for ‘any Number not exceeding one hundred good Hands with provisions and a reasonable Quantity of Spirits.’ These laborers led a difficult life, being required to remove a certain amount of rock and debris before receiving their rations of spirits.

Washington regarded the Potowmack Company as far more than a commercial enterprise: he believed that improved transportation routes would bind the trans-Appalachian territories to the eastern seaboard and strengthen the fragile Union at a critical moment in the republic’s formation. Concerned that western settlers might otherwise fall under the economic influence of Britain or Spain, Washington envisioned the Potomac Canal as a vital commercial link forming a ‘chain which could never be broken.’ The interstate cooperation required by the project also helped inspire the Mount Vernon Conference of 1785, an important precursor to the Annapolis Convention and ultimately the Constitutional Convention of 1787.

The project was beset by constant difficulty: insufficient funding, engineering obstacles, and persistent legal disputes contributed to the company’s ineffectiveness and eventual failure. Nevertheless, the Potowmack Company became a foundational model for later American internal improvement projects, including the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal. More than a simple payroll, this document embodies Washington’s broader effort to unite the new nation through commerce, transportation, and western expansion, an ambitious vision that helped lay the groundwork for the federal union itself. Starting Bid $1000

First

edition of the definitive early biography of George Washington, written by Chief Justice John Marshall

2. George Washington: The Life of Washington by John Marshall (First Edition, Five Volumes). Scarce and sought-after first edition book set: The Life of George Washington, Commander in Chief of the American Forces, During the War which Established the Independence of His Country, and First President of the United States, Vols. I–V, compiled under the inspection of Bushrod Washington and written by Chief Justice John Marshall. First edition. Philadelphia: C. P. Wayne, 1804–1807. Hardcovers bound in full marbled calf, 5.5 x 8.75, totaling 3230 pages. Book condition: G+/None, with edgewear and rubbing to boards, some chips and small tears at spine heads, browning to textblocks, and ownership signatures of William Withers to endpapers, and bookplates of Robert W. Withers affixed to front pastedowns. After his appointment to the Supreme Court, Chief Justice John Marshall began working on a biography of George Washington. He did so at the request of his close friend, Associate Justice Bushrod Washington, who had inherited the papers of his uncle. Marshall’s The Life of George Washington, the first biography about a U.S. president ever published, has been praised by historians for its accuracy and wellreasoned judgments. According to Robert K. Faulkner, the work ‘is political history as well as biography…the only comprehensive account by a great statesman of the full founding of the United States—of the founding of an independent people as well as of its government… There is no other concentrated history of the essentials by such an authority on American institutions.’Starting Bid $200

Large, dark signature of America’s first president, George Washington

5. George Washington Signature. Bold ink signature, “G:o Washington,” on a 4.5 x 2.25 sheet, archivally corner-mounted and matted with an early engraving of George Washington bearing a facsimile signature, to an overall size of 8.25 x 14.25. In fine condition, with faint toning along the central horizontal fold. A beautiful, large, dark, and extremely fine signature of our first president. Starting Bid $1000

Signed free frank from John Adams in later age, addressed to his grandson, “Cadet Thomas B. Adams, Norwich Academy, Vermont”

8. John Adams Signed Free Frank to His Grandson, a Young Cadet at Vermont’s Norwich Academy. Freefranked address panel from a mailing envelope, 5.5 x 3.75, addressed in another hand to Adams’s grandson, Thomas Boylston Adams, Jr., “Cadet Thomas B. Adams, Norwich Academy, Vermont,” and franked on the left side, “J. Adams.” Annotated along the top, “Quincy, Ma., March 13th [1822-24].” In fine condition, with some scattered faint staining. Thomas Boylston Adams, Jr., entered Norwich Academy in 1822, remaining until 1824 when he was appointed as a cadet at West Point; he died of fever at his post in Fort Dade, Florida, during the Second Seminole War. His uncle was John Quincy Adams, who served as president from 1825 to 1829. John Adams signed this signature as an elderly man, dying on July 4, 1826, the same day as his friend and fellow founding father, Thomas Jefferson. Starting Bid $200

“It shall henceforth be lawful for vessels of the United States to enter and trade”—

Adams partially lifts the trade embargo against French territories, authorizing commerce with Toussaint Louverture’s Saint-Domingue

9. [John Adams] Manuscript Proclamation of an Act of Congress, Suspending Trade with France. Contemporary manuscript copy of a proclamation of an act of Congress suspending trade with France and its territories, secretarially signed for President John Adams and Secretary of State Timothy Pickering, three pages on two adjoining sheets, 8 x 9.75, May 9, 1800.

Accomplished in an unknown hand, the text reads, in full: “Whereas by an act of Congress of the United States passed the twenty seventh day of February last, entitled ‘An act further to suspend the commercial intercourse between the United States and France and the dependencies thereof,’ it is enacted that at any time after the passing of the said act it shall be lawful for the President of the United States, by his order, to remit and discontinue for the time being, whenever he shall deem it expedient and for the interest of the United States, all or any of the restraints and prohibitions imposed by the said act in respect to the territories of the French Republic, or to any island, port, or place belonging to the said Republic with which, in his opinion, a commercial intercourse may be safely renewed, and to make proclamation thereof accordingly; and it is also thereby further enacted that the whole of the island of Hispaniola shall, for the purposes of the said act, be considered as a dependence of the French Republic; and whereas the circumstances of certain ports and places of the said island not comprised in the proclamation of the twenty sixth day of June,

1799, are such that I deem it expedient and for the interest of the United States to remit and discontinue the restraints and prohibitions imposed by the said act in respect to those ports and places in order that a commercial intercourse with the same may be renewed:

Therefore I, John Adams, President of the United States, by virtue of the powers vested in me as aforesaid, do hereby remit and discontinue the restraints and prohibitions imposed by the act aforesaid in respect to all the ports and places in the said island of Hispaniola from Monte Christi on the north, round by the eastern end thereof as far as the port of Jacmel on the south, inclusively. And it shall henceforth be lawful for vessels of the United States to enter and trade at any of the said ports and places, provided it be done with the consent of the Government of St. Domingo. And for this purpose it is hereby required that such vessels first enter the port of Cape Francois or Port Republicain, in the said island, and there obtain the passports of the said Government, which shall also be signed by the consul-general or consul of the United States residing at Cape Francois or Port Republicain, permitting such vessel to go thence to the other ports and places of the said island hereinbefore mentioned and described. Of all which the collectors of the customs and all other officers and citizens of the United States are to take due notice and govern themselves accordingly.” In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

Unique land grant associating three ‘presidents’—Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and Elias Boudinot

12. Thomas Jefferson and James Madison Document Signed as President and Secretary of State, Granting Land to Former President of the Confederation Congress Elias Boudinot. Partly-printed vellum DS, one page, 16.25 x 9.25, August 18, 1804. President Jefferson grants “Elias Boudinot of Philadelphia” a tract of land “in the Fourth Range of the Land lying between the Great Miami river and the Virginia reservation.” Crisply signed at the conclusion by President Thomas Jefferson and countersigned by Secretary of State James Madison. The white paper seal affixed at lower left remains intact. In very good to fine condition, with scattered light toning and soiling, and tiny areas of trivial loss along the intersecting folds.

Elias Boudinot (1740–1821) was an American lawyer, statesman, and influential leader during the Revolutionary era. He rose to prominence as a delegate to the Continental Congress and served as its president in 1782, helping oversee the conclusion of the Revolutionary War. A contemporary of Thomas Jefferson, Boudinot shared Jefferson’s commitment to the founding principles of the new republic, though they often held differing views on religion and federal power. He later served in the U.S. House of Representatives and was appointed by President George Washington as Director of the U.S. Mint, a role he continued to hold until 1805 during Jefferson’s presidency. Starting Bid $1000

“Can melt the ice-bound heart of cold disdain”— Dolley

Madison’s

poetry on the power of music

13. Dolley Madison Autograph Poem

Signed on the Power of Music: “Can dying love with vital breath inspire”. Handwritten poem by Dolley Madison, signed “D. P. Madison,” one page, 7 x 3.25, no date. Madison pens an interesting poem on the power of music, in full:

“Temper! Any power more magical Than that which graced of old Amphion’s lyre, Can savage hearts with wondrous spell enthral; Can clear suspicion’s wish with gladdening fire; Can chain in rosy bonds impetuous ire; Can melt the ice-bound heart of cold disdain; Can dying love with vital breath inspire; From every passion pluck the cancerous pain— And seeming still to yield, lead captive all the train.” In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

Mrs. Madison quotes a poem by Darwin’s grandfather: “Shine with such lustre, as the Tear that breaks / For other’s woe down Virtue’s manly cheeks”

13. Dolley Madison Autograph Poem

Signed, Quoting from Erasmus Darwin’s ‘The Botanic Garden’. Handwritten poem by Dolley Madison, signed “D. P. Madison,” one page, 7.25 x 4.25, dated 1838. Madison quotes a stanza from ‘The Botanic Garden’ by Erasmus Darwin, grandfather of Charles Darwin. In full:

“No radiant pearl, which crested Fortune wears, No gem that twinkling hangs from Beauty’s ears, Not the bright stars, which Night’s blue arch adorn, Nor rising suns that gild the vernal morn— Shine with such lustre, as the Tear that breaks For other’s woe down Virtue’s manly cheeks.” In fine condition, with one small stain at the bottom edge. Starting Bid $200

“The great question upon the Louisiana Treaty was decided before I got here; but we have some other questions resulting from it, on which my vote will be called for”

17. John Quincy Adams Autograph Letter

Signed on the Louisiana Purchase: “The great question upon the Louisiana Treaty was decided before I got here”. ALS signed “John Q. Adams,” one page, 7.75 x 9.75, October 25, 1803. Handwritten letter to his “dear Brother,” Thomas Boylston Adams, with a noteworthy reference to the Louisiana Purchase. In part: “I am obliged to you for the trouble you took in attempting to procure me the Swiss boy; and as you found him already engaged, I only wish you in case you should meet with any other, to think of me, as it would be much for my convenience and that of my family to have one. You will have seen by the newspapers that the great question upon the Louisiana Treaty was decided before I got here; but we have some other questions resulting from it, on which my vote will be called for among the rest. We are all well here excepting Mrs. Hellen, who has been excessively ill, but is now recovering. I dined yesterday with Mr. Crouch, who is about to publish a volume of Reports of Cases adjudged in the Supreme Court of the United States, since they have held their sessions in this city. Let me hear from you often, and perhaps I shall get through here in time to go to Quincy with you, if you conclude upon that course. They tell us we are not to sit beyond Christmas time.” In fine condition, with some light toning along the left edge. Accompanied by a handsome custom-made quarter-leather presentation folder with marbled boards.

Although John Quincy Adams was not directly involved in negotiating the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, he played an important role in shaping its legacy and interpreting its constitutional implications. As a U.S. senator from Massachusetts at the time, Adams expressed initial concern over the constitutionality of acquiring new territory—fearing that it violated American principles by allowing the people of Louisiana to be taxed and governed without their consent—but he ultimately supported the purchase as a necessary step for national expansion. In Congress, Adams advocated for a constitutional amendment that would admit the new territory into the Union, and also pushed for a referendum to the people of the province—though neither effort was successful. His views reflected his broader commitment to strengthening the United States through diplomacy and careful adherence to legal principles. Writing in The Constitutional History of the Louisiana Purchase, historian Everett Somerville Brown observes: ‘John Quincy Adams was a sturdy defender of strict construction of the Constitution in the Louisiana affair. At a later date he criticized Jefferson for getting into office under the banners of states’ rights and state sovereignty, and the pretense that the Government of the Union had no powers except those expressly delegated by the Constitution, and immediately purchasing Louisiana, ‘an assumption of implied power greater in itself and more comprehensive in its consequences, than all the assumptions of implied power in the twelve years of the Washington and Adams Administrations put together.’’ Starting Bid $1000

21. John Tyler Autograph Letter Signed as President to Treasury Secretary John Canfield Spencer. ALS as president, signed “J. Tyler,” one page, 8 x 10, March 16, 1844. Handwritten letter to “The Secretary of the Treasury,” John Canfield Spencer, requesting papers from Spencer for his inspection, in full: “The Secretary of the Treasury will be good enough to send over for my inspection all the papers in the case of Mr. Earl.” Tyler has hand-addressed the reverse of the second integral page and added his franking signature to the upper right of the address panel, “J. Tyler.” The reverse bears remnants of the original black wax seal. In fine condition, with a small area of seal-related paper loss to the integral address leaf. John Canfield Spencer, from New York, was appointed Secretary of the Treasury in 1843 and served until May, 1844. On the date of this letter, President Tyler was actively corresponding with Treasury Secretary John C. Spencer concerning the Texas Annexation Treaty, negotiated by Secretary of State John C. Calhoun. Spencer opposed the treaty because of its connection to the expansion of slavery. Tyler, meanwhile, intensified his efforts to secure annexation, viewing it as the crowning achievement of his presidency. Starting Bid $200

22.

Zachary Taylor Document Signed for Whiskey Rations at Fort Crawford. Manuscript DS, signed “Z. Taylor, Col. Comd’g,” one page, 6.5 x 3.25, April 14, 1834. Document headed, “Return for extra Whiskey for Men on extra and daily Duty at Fort Crawford,” signed by T.B.W. Stockton, approved at the conclusion in ink by Zachary Taylor as commander of the fort. The reverse lists the names of the nine men on extra duty. In fine condition, with a tiny hole near the bottom edge, and a minor chip to the top right corner. Starting Bid $200

Comprehensive autograph album of pre-Civil War political figures, highlighted by President James Buchanan, his cabinet, and a near-complete assembly of the men who comprised the 35th United States Congress

24. Pre-Civil War 1858 Autograph Album of President Buchanan, His Cabinet, and a Near-Complete 35th Congress on the Eve of Disunion. Extraordinary 1858 autograph album containing signatures of President James Buchanan, Vice President John C. Breckinridge, members of Buchanan’s cabinet, and an astonishingly comprehensive assembly of senators and representatives comprising the 35th United States Congress, one of the most politically consequential congressional bodies in American history, seated on the eve of the Civil War. The leather-bound album, 5.5 x 8, features a gilt ownership stamp, “J. H. Meredith / Baltimore,” and contains 65 leaves filled with autographs gathered principally in the spring of 1858, just three years before the outbreak of the Civil War. The album opens with signatures of President James Buchanan, dated April 26, 1858, and Vice President John C. Breckinridge, dated May 12, 1858. The following are signatures of major cabinet officers, including Howell Cobb, John B. Floyd, Jacob Thompson, Aaron V. Brown, and Jeremiah S. Black, all figures who would soon play pivotal roles in the sectional crisis and Confederacy.

Most remarkable, however, is the album’s near-complete representation of the 35th Congress itself, including approximately 54 of 64 United States senators and an extraordinary 239 of 244 members of the House of Representatives. Few nineteenthcentury political autograph albums approach this level of congressional completeness, particularly from a legislative session seated on the eve of the Civil War.

Among the notable Senate signatures are Sam Houston, Andrew Johnson, Stephen A. Douglas, Hannibal Hamlin, William H. Seward, Simon Cameron, John Slidell, Robert M. T. Hunter, Clement C. Clay, Judah P. Benjamin, James Murray Mason, John J. Crittenden, Benjamin Wade, and John P. Hale. Equally significant is the album’s remarkable House representation, headed by Speaker James L. Orr and Clerk James C. Allen, and including John Sherman, John Bingham, Schuyler Colfax, Joshua R. Giddings, Francis P. Blair Jr., Thomas S. Bocock, Lawrence O’Bryan Branch, and George H. Pendleton. This group represents an extraordinary cross-section of the American political establishment immediately before the national rupture of the Civil War.

In very good to fine condition, with heavy rubbing to the spine and covers; interior pages are all clean and fine. An unparalleled political and historical archive assembled at a defining moment in American history, representing one of the most comprehensive autograph compilations of the 35th Congress and Buchanan administration ever to appear at auction. Starting Bid $500

President Abraham Lincoln appoints a

paymaster in early May 1863, one day before approving the controversial

Enrollment Act, the first genuine national conscription law in American history

25. Abraham Lincoln War-Dated Document Signed as President - One Day Before Approving the Controversial Enrollment Act of 1863. Civil War-dated partly-printed DS as president, one page, 12.75 x 16.25, March 2, 1863. President Lincoln appoints C. C. Clark to be an “Additional Paymaster in the service of the United States.” Signed at the conclusion in ink by Abraham Lincoln, and countersigned by Secretary of War Edward M. Stanton. The original blue War Department seal remains affixed to the upper left. Impressively double-matted and framed with a color portrait and engraved plaque to an overall size of 29.75 x 23.5. Professionally cleaned and restored to near fine condition, with slight fading to all handwritten portions.

Signed one day before President Lincoln approved the controversial Enrollment Act of 1863, the first genuine national conscription law in American history, this appointment dates to a pivotal moment in the expansion of the Union war effort. Passed by Congress to provide fresh manpower for the Union Army, the act required the enrollment of every male citizen and immigrants who had filed for citizenship between the ages of 20 and 45, unless specifically exempted. The War Department did provide a legal means of avoiding service: a drafted man could hire a substitute to serve in his place, typically by paying a bounty of approximately $300 to a volunteer replacement. Even President Lincoln himself hired a substitute, John Summerfield Staples of Pennsylvania, as a public gesture of support for the measure. The law proved enormously controversial and, following the Battle of Gettysburg, helped spark the infamous New York City Draft Riots of July 1863, a week-long uprising that resulted in the deaths of more than 100 civilians and over one million dollars in property damage. The violence remains widely regarded as the largest civil insurrection in American history apart from the Civil War itself.

Dr. Cyrus Curtis Clark (1830-1923) served throughout much of the Civil War in both combat and administrative roles, beginning his military career in May 1861 as a captain in Company

H of the Connecticut Heavy Artillery. After more than a year of service, he received a promotion to major in August 1862 and transferred to the 14th Connecticut Infantry. During his wartime service, he was wounded multiple times, reportedly suffering injuries at Fredericksburg in 1862, at Spotsylvania Court House in 1864, and again near Farmville in April 1865 during the closing days of the war.

In February 1863, Clark was appointed a major and additional paymaster in the United States Volunteers Paymaster’s Department, a position formally confirmed later that year under the Lincoln administration. In that capacity, he was responsible for distributing government funds to Union troops until being mustered out in November 1865. Two years after he was appointed paymaster, Clark became involved in a widely litigated controversy after reporting that nearly $16,000 in government funds had been stolen from his safe in Texas; although federal investigators and later congressional committees accepted that the robbery occurred without negligence on his part, the case continued through the courts for years afterward. Starting Bid $1000

27. Abraham Lincoln: Maine State Electors (8) Multi-Signed Envelope for the 1860 Presidential Election. Envelope signed by all eight members of Maine’s Electoral College, who submitted their official votes for the 1860 presidential election, 9.75 x 4.25, signed in the lower right in ink by William Willis, Abner Coburn, Louis O. Cowan, Daniel Hoews, William McGilvery, and three others. A handwritten statement along the top reads: “To all to whom these presents shall come, Know ye, that we the undersigned Electors of President and Vice President of the United States for the State of Maine, having assembled at the time and place appointed by law, do hereby certify that the enclosed certificates by us sealed, contain the votes by us this day given, for one person to be President and one other person to be Vice President of the United States, for four years from the fourth day of March A.D. 1861. In testimony whereof, witness our hands this fifth day of December A.D. 1860.” The reverse bears the original red wax seal. The submitted votes are no longer present. In fine condition, with light soiling. The 1860 United States presidential election in Maine took place on November 2, 1860, with voters choosing eight electors of the Electoral College to vote for president and vice president. The vote was unanimous, and Maine was won by Republican candidate Abraham Lincoln. With 62.24% of the popular vote, Maine would prove to be Lincoln’s fourth strongest state in terms of popular vote percentage after Vermont, Minnesota, and Massachusetts. Starting Bid $200

29. Andrew Johnson Document Signed as President, Pardoning Confederate Naval Officer Ebenezer Farrand. Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 8.5 x 11, August 1, 1867. President Johnson authorizes and directs the Secretary of State to affix the Seal of the United States to “a Warrant (form 2) for the pardon of E. Farrand.” Signed at the conclusion in ink by President Andrew Johnson. In very good to fine condition, with scattered slight soiling and minor edge chipping.

The recipient of the pardon was likely Confederate naval officer Ebenezer Farrand, a New York-born career naval officer who resigned from the United States Navy in 1861 to join the Confederate Navy. Farrand played an important role in the Confederacy’s naval defenses during the Civil War, overseeing the fortification of Drewry’s Bluff near Richmond and later supervising ironclad construction at Selma, Alabama, including work connected to the CSS Tennessee. He ultimately commanded Confederate naval forces in Alabama during the closing stages of the war before surrendering in May 1865.

Following the Civil War, President Andrew Johnson issued thousands of pardons to former Confederates as part of his broader policy of Reconstruction and national reunification. While early proclamations in 1865 required many Southerners, particularly wealthy or politically influential individuals, to apply individually for executive clemency, Johnson frequently approved such requests, restoring civil rights and property rights (excluding formerly enslaved persons). By 1867, amid escalating political conflict with Congress over the direction of Reconstruction, Johnson’s lenient pardon policy had become deeply controversial, with critics arguing that it enabled former Confederates to rapidly regain political influence in the South. Documents such as this presidential authorization directing the Great Seal to be affixed to the pardon of Confederate naval officer Ebenezer Farrand reflect both Johnson’s conciliatory approach toward the former Confederacy and the intensely contested political climate of the Reconstruction era. Starting Bid $200

President Grant prepares for the “Centennial Anniversary of our National Independence”

30. U. S. Grant Draft Proclamation Signed as President for the Observance of the “Centennial Anniversary of our National Independence”. Manuscript DS as president, signed “U. S. Grant,” one page, 7.25 x 12.75, May 18, 1876. Draft of President Grant’s proclamation for the nation’s centennial observances, submitted to Secretary of State Hamilton Fish for his review. In part: “Be it resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives…in Congress assembled, That it be, and is hereby recommended…to the people of the several States that they assemble in their several counties or towns on the approaching Centennial Anniversary of our National Independence, and that they cause to be delivered on such day an historical sketch of said country or town from its formation, and that this day shall be a memorable one in the history of this Nation.’ Given under my hand at the City of Washington, the twenty fifth day of May… and of the Independence of the United States the One Hundredth.”

On the reverse is a note in the same secretarial hand, in part: “To Sec. Hamilton Fish…I herewith send you an outline of my Centennial Proclamation which I will broadcast throughout the Nation in several days. Have you any suggestion or improvement to make on it, or add anything to it? If so kindly do and return the document as soon as possible.” In very good to fine condition, with minor edge loss, two edge tears, and fold separations,all repaired and reinforced by professional silking to the reverse.

The nation’s Centennial in 1876 was conceived not merely as a Fourth of July celebration, but as a vast act of national remembrance and renewal. At Philadelphia, President Grant opened the Centennial International Exhibition on May 10, a world’s fair showcasing American industry, invention, agriculture, and cultural achievement before millions of visitors; but Congress also urged observances in every county and town, so that local communities would record their own histories and contribute them to the nation’s permanent memory. Grant’s proclamation gave presidential force to that democratic vision of commemoration: from the great exhibition halls of Fairmount Park to courthouse greens and village meeting rooms across the country, Americans were called to measure the progress of the republic during its first hundred years and affirm a common national identity in the aftermath of the Civil War and Reconstruction. Starting Bid $2500

“Without instruction free to all, the sacred flame of liberty could not be kept burning in the hearts of Americans”—Hayes advocates universal education in a heavily revised working paste-up of his 1880 address

32. Rutherford B. Hayes Signed Revised Paste-Up Address, Advocating Universal Public Education and Federal Support for Schooling in the Post-Reconstruction Era. Rutherford B. Hayes signed and revised paste-up copy of his address, “Remarks of General R. B. Hayes at the Reunion of the 23rd Ohio Veterans, Canton, Ohio, Sept. 1, 1880,” consisting of four backing sheets, 5.25 x 8.5, bearing clipped and mounted pamphlet text with extensive editorial emendations in ink. Intriguingly, the first page is headed in manuscript, “National Aid to Popular Education / By Rutherford B. Hayes,” suggesting that portions of the earlier 1880 address may have been repurposed or adapted for Hayes’s later educational reform writings, including his prominent 1886 advocacy of federal aid to public schooling. The concluding page is signed at the bottom by Hayes, “R. B. Hayes,” beneath a passage advocating universal public education.

The address argues forcefully for federal support of education in the post-Reconstruction United States, discussing illiteracy in the South, Native American education policy, immigration, and the preservation of republican government through universal schooling. Notable passages include: “The solution of the Indian question will speedily be either the extinction of the Indians or their absorption into American citizenship by means of the civilizing influences of education”; and, quoting Thomas Jefferson, “without instruction free to all, the sacred flame of liberty could not be kept burning in the hearts of Americans.”

The pamphlet text has been physically removed, rearranged, and affixed to oversized sheets for editorial revision, with the first three pages bearing extensive corrections and alterations in an unidentified hand. In overall fine condition. Following his presidency, Hayes became one of America’s foremost advocates for public education, believing universal schooling essential to national unity and democratic stability after the Civil War. Starting Bid $500

43. Theodore Roosevelt Signed Photograph as a ‘Rough Rider’. Classic 4.75 x 7 paperstock print featuring an 1898 portrait of Colonel Theodore Roosevelt in his Rough Riders uniform, taken by George G. Rockwood of New York, neatly signed in the lower border in ink, “Theodore Roosevelt.” In fine condition, with a trimmed top edge, easily matted out. Starting Bid $200

44. Harry S. Truman Signature. Ink signature, “from, Harry S. Truman, 5/3/61,” on an off-white 5 x 4 sheet likely trimmed from a book page, which was later printed with an image of the famous ‘Dewey Defeats Truman’ photograph. In very fine condition. Starting Bid $200

“Ike” writes home on the day of the Armistice of Cassibile—

“This is September 8 and long before you get this note you will have read in the papers enough that will show you why I happen to be rather stretched out at the moment”

51. Dwight D. Eisenhower World War II-Dated Typed Letter Signed to Mamie on the Armistice with Italy: “I happen to be rather stretched out at the moment”. World War II-dated TLS signed “As ever—your Ike,” one page, 8 x 10.5, Allied Force Headquarters, Office of the Commanderin-Chief letterhead, September 8, 1943. Letter to his wife Mamie Eisenhower, written during his command of Allied operations in the Mediterranean. In part: “Don’t be shocked to get a typewritten note, but at the moment I am just too worn down to go over to the office and start writing. I wanted you to have the enclosed copy of a letter I am writing to Mr. Norton. Please don’t think I am sick or in any danger of being so, but this is September 8 and long before you get this note you will have read in the papers enough that will show you why I happen to be rather stretched out at the moment.”

Eisenhower continues with affectionate domestic news, expressing delight that their son John had spent a weekend with Mamie, and explaining why she could not visit him in-theater: “I cannot allow, as a matter of policy, wives of soldiers to come into this theater…it would be taking advantage of my own position.” He adds that he had briefly hoped to be sent to England for “four or five days” and thought it “would be a wonderful thing to have you there,” before closing with mention of her recent letter and missing packages: “The magazines (Westerns) and the cigars of which you spoke, have not arrived.” In a typed postscript, he thanks her for pictures, adding with humor: “When I come home everybody will assume that I am the father of you both.” In fine condition. Accompanied by the referenced carbon copy of his letter to D. F. Norton. A remarkable wartime letter to Mamie, written on the historic date of Italy’s public armistice with the Allies—September 8, 1943—when Eisenhower, as Supreme Allied Commander in the Mediterranean, was overseeing the immensely consequential transition from the Sicilian campaign to the invasion and surrender of Italy. The letter poignantly blends exhaustion, duty, secrecy, and marital warmth, with Eisenhower reassuring Mamie while acknowledging that newspaper reports would soon explain why he was “rather stretched out at the moment.” Starting Bid $200

“The problem of running Germany gets no easier”—Eisenhower writes home after victory

in Europe

52. Dwight D. Eisenhower Autograph Letter Signed on Postwar Europe: “The problem of running Germany gets no easier”. ALS signed “Always yours, Ike,” two pages, 8 x 10.5, August 27, [1945]. Handwritten letter to his wife, Mamie, in part: “Last eve I got back from Ireland after having been held near a day by bad weather. It was a tiring trip. These ‘ceremonies’ take a lot out of me, even though everyone is most hospitable and kind. There were these big formations at Belfast, to say nothing of the informal activities…The problem of running Germany gets no easier. There is much to do—and some things conflict with others…But we plug away and are making progress. The immediate concern is conditions here this winter. Ever indication points to a ration basis little above starvation level for the population with acute shortages in fuel and shelter. I truly hope there will be no unrest requiring the use of troops.” In fine condition.

This revealing letter dates to the first weeks after the end of World War II, when General Dwight D. Eisenhower was transitioning from victorious Supreme Allied Commander to one of the principal American authorities overseeing occupied Germany. Written to Mamie just days before the formal Japanese surrender, it captures Eisenhower amid the exhaustion of postwar ceremony and the far more daunting work of reconstruction.

His reference to Belfast reflects the continuing public honors and military reviews accorded to him across Allied nations, but the heart of the letter lies in his sober assessment of Germany’s condition: hunger, fuel shortages, destroyed housing, and the possibility of civil unrest as winter approached. The unusually candid tone—moving from personal fatigue to the grim realities of occupation—shows Eisenhower grappling with the humanitarian and political consequences of victory, offering an intimate glimpse of the immense responsibilities he faced in helping stabilize Europe after the war. Starting Bid $200

“Losing him is like losing a member of our own family”—President Nixon remembers a Republican ally on the day he learned of Agnew’s resignation

60. Richard Nixon Typed Letter Signed as President, Remembering a Republican Ally on the Day He Learned of Agnew’s Resignation. TLS as president, one page, 7 x 10.5, White House letterhead, October 9, 1973. Letter to Helen Copley, the widow of newspaper publisher James S. Copley. In part: “There is so little we can say—yet so much we feel for you at this sad time. Jim was a close friend and advisor to me for more than a quarter of a century— losing him is like losing a member of our own family. Yet we cannot help but feel a tremendous gratitude for the privilege of having known Jim, gratitude as we remember his buoyant spirit, his generous heart and his unfailing devotion to our Nation; gratitude, too, because we could share his life and his example with our daughters as they grew up—knowing they, like us, would derive continuing inspiration from the fullness and purpose of his life. You have the greatest loss to bear, and these have been long, difficult days for you. All the Nixons are keeping you in our prayers, and we feel certain you will face the future with all the courage we know you to have.” In fine condition. Accompanied by the original mailing envelope. Read more online at www.RRAuction.com. Starting Bid $200

90. Four Presidents Signed Photograph - Reagan, Nixon, Carter, and Ford. Color satin-finish 8 x 10 photo of Presidents Nixon through Reagan gathered at the White House before departing for Anwar Sadat’s funeral in 1981, signed in the lower border in felt tip, “Ronald Reagan,” “Gerald R. Ford,” “Jimmy Carter,” and “Richard Nixon.” In very fine condition, with one tiny ding to the bottom edge. Starting Bid $200

Image is larger than actual size.

Notables

Declaration of Independence

At a turning point in his career, Benjamin Franklin writes from Philadelphia to the Pepperrell family circle amid the aftermath of the landmark capture

of

the

French fortress at Louisbourg

91. Benjamin Franklin Autograph Letter Signed, Concerning Funds Related to the Louisbourg Campaign (1748). ALS signed “B. Franklin,” one page, 5.5 x 6.5, June 15, 1748. Addressed from Philadelphia, a handwritten letter to merchant Nathaniel Sparhawk of Kittery, Massachusetts (now Maine), acknowledging receipt of money from Mr. [John] Baynton for Mr. Warren and noting receipt of a letter from “Mr. Pepperrell.” In full: “I receiv’d yours p[er] Mr Baynton with the Money as therein specified; and have since deliver’d it to Mr Warren (who is now here) with Mr Pepperill’s Letter; of which please advise Mr Pepp’ll.” In very good to fine condition, with light soiling and toning, trimmed edges, and professional linen-backing.

Written three years after the British capture of Louisbourg during King George’s War, the note may relate to lingering financial or provisioning matters associated with the campaign. Some scholars have suggested that the individuals referenced are Admiral Peter Warren and Sir William Pepperrell, who respectively commanded British naval and New England land forces in the successful 1745 siege of the French fortress at Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island. However, the identifications remain uncertain: Franklin refers only to “Mr. Warren” and “Mr. Pepperill,” despite Warren’s naval rank and Pepperrell’s baronetcy by this date. The Papers of Benjamin Franklin identifies the recipient as merchant Nathaniel Sparhawk (1715–1776), son-in-law of Sir William Pepperrell, and tentatively suggests that “Mr. Pepperrell” may instead refer to Andrew Pepperrell, Sir William’s son and business partner. In Louisbourg: Key to a Continent (1965), historian Fairfax Downey characterized the letter as a record of Franklin “forwarding Pennsylvania’s Louisbourg contribution.”

Written in the year Franklin retired from active printing to devote himself to public affairs and scientific inquiry, the letter reflects his already well-established role in colonial financial and administrative networks in the aftermath of King George’s War. Later that same year, Franklin was selected as a member of Philadelphia’s Common Council, the first of a series of formal appointments that would define his public career over the following decades.

Nathaniel Sparhawk was a prominent merchant and civic figure of Kittery who married Elizabeth Pepperrell, daughter of Sir William Pepperrell, in 1742. Pepperrell built the thirteen-room Sparhawk Hall as a wedding gift for the couple, and Sparhawk later served as chief judge of the Court of Common Pleas, colonel of the York County militia, and a member of the Massachusetts Council. He is also the subject of a celebrated 1764 portrait by John Singleton Copley. Accompanied by a period typed provenance statement from former owner J. W. P. Frost: “Autograph letter of Benjamin Franklin, June 1748, to Col. Nathaniel Sparhawk, son-in-law of Lt. Gen. Sir William Pepperrell, Baronet; regarding funds to be sent to Louisbourg on behalf of the Province of Pennsylvania, of which Franklin acted as Treasurer. Letter mentions Admiral Sir Peter Warren (first Governor of Louisbourg under English command), who is in Pennsylvania as agent for the campaign. Only known letter to exist between Franklin and Pepperrell. “This was purchased by me for $100.00 from the Helen Pearson estate, who inherited it from her grandfather, Tobias Ham Miller. Miller had it attached to the first printing press in New Hampshire, brought here by Fowle in 1757, and bought by Fowle from James Franklin, brother to Benjamin. This was the press that Franklin rec’d his apprenticeship on, and the letter was obtained by Miller from the Sparhawk or Pepperrell Mansion while he was minister of the Congregational Church at Kittery Point around 1838. The press went to the Columbian Exposition after removing the framed letter from the side and was never returned to the Miller family.” According to the Frost statement, Tobias Ham Miller (1801–1870) had preserved the letter in an oak frame affixed to the side of the first printing press in New Hampshire, acquired by printer Daniel Fowle and associated by family tradition with the Franklin printing family. While serving as minister of the Congregational Church at Kittery Point circa 1838, Miller reportedly obtained the letter from the Pepperrell mansion.

Provenance: Tobias Ham Miller (1801–1870); by descent to Helen Pearson; acquired from her estate by Joseph W. P. Frost; Frost Family Collection, New Hampshire; acquired at Hindman, November 8, 2022. Starting Bid $1000

Signing twice, John Hancock pays himself “in full for one quarter’s Salary” as governor of Massachusetts

93. John Hancock Twice-Signed Document as Governor of Massachusetts, Paying His Own Salary. Partlyprinted DS as Governor of Massachusetts, signed twice, “John Hancock,” one page, 7.25 x 8.5, June 4, 1791. As governor of Massachusetts, John Hancock directs Treasurer Alexander Hodgson to “pay unto His Excellency John Hancock Esq’r, Governor of this Commonwealth the Sum of Two hundred pounds in full for one quarter’s Salary commencing the 25th of May & ending 25th Aug’t 1791 agreeable to establishment.” Boldly signed at the conclusion in ink by Governor John Hancock and countersigned by Secretary John Avery; additionally endorsed on the reverse by Hancock with another impressively large, bold signature. In fine condition.

After the adoption of the United States Constitution, Hancock was elected to the Massachusetts governorship on April 7, 1789. He won reelection in 1790, 1791, 1792, and 1793, serving in the role until his death. During this time, he focused on strengthening the state’s economy and infrastructure, while also supporting the implementation of the newly ratified U.S. Constitution. Boasting two bold, prominent signatures, this is an ideal document from the celebrated early American statesman. Starting Bid $1000

94. John Hancock Signature. Sought-after ink signature, “John Hancock,” on an off-white 3.5 x 5.75 slip clipped from an official Massachusetts document, retaining the affixed state seal. In fine condition. The intact state seal adds strong visual interest above Hancock’s bold, elegant autograph—a fantastic example. Starting Bid $300

American Politicians and Leaders

Historic 1663 indenture for a half-share of

“All that island or those Islands commonly called by the severall name or names of Mattowacks or Long Island”

107. Long Island: Historic 1663 Indenture for a Half-Share of “Mattowacks or Long Island”. Vellum manuscript DS, signed “J. Berkeley,” one page, 24.5 x 16.5, February 19, 1663. Manuscript indenture of agreement between Lord John Berkeley and Henry Sterling, stating that Sterling sold, for £3500, one half part of “all that parte of Mayneland in New England beginning from St. Croix…and from thence extending along the Seacoast to a certaine place called Pemaqui… and also One Moyety of All that island or those Islands commonly called by the severall name or names of Mattowacks or Long Island scituate lyeing to the Westward of Cape Codd abutting upon the Mayneland between the said two Rivers there, knowne by the severall name of Conectecute and Hudson’s River and conteyning in length from East to West the whole length of the Seacoast there, between the two said Rivers.” Signed at the foot in ink by John Berkeley. In very good to fine condition, with the wax pendant seal detached but present, in a state of active, crumbling deterioration.

Sterling’s claim to these territories traces back to 1635, when the heir of the 1st Earl of Sterling received a royal grant after the Council of New England surrendered its patent to the Crown. This grant encompassed a vast region in what is now eastern Maine—stretching between the St. Croix and Kennebec (then Sagadahoc) Rivers and northward to the St. Lawrence—and was designated the ‘County of Canada.’ The Earl was also granted Long Island, to be known as the ‘Isle of Sterling.’ The lands referenced in the present indenture clearly fall within this original grant.

While most grantees of 1635 failed to defend their claims, the 4th Earl of Sterling, who inherited the title in 1649, actively renewed the family’s petition following the Restoration, submitting a formal claim on May 31, 1661.

The matter grew more complex with a purported payment of £3,500 from Lord Berkeley to Sterling—an amount that may never have been paid. Contemporary reports suggest the transaction may have been orchestrated, perhaps with Berkeley’s cooperation, to secure compensation from the royal treasury. A 1689 report by the Lords Committee for Trade and Plantations recounts that around 1663, the Earl of Clarendon, acting for the Duke of York (later James II), negotiated with the Earl of Sterling for his rights to Long Island, promising the Earl £3,500 ‘as Lord Berkeley informed him.’

This arrangement likely included Sterling’s Maine territories as well. Indeed, on March 12, 1664, Charles II granted both the Maine lands and Long Island to his brother James—followed shortly thereafter by the British military expedition that seized New York from the Dutch. Starting Bid $300

East Jersey’s governor writes to William Penn in 1685, encouraging a conciliatory policy toward the King

112. William Penn: Robert Barclay of Urie Autograph Letter Signed on Charters for the North American Colonies. Scottish Quaker (1648–1690) who was titular governor of the East Jersey colony in North America, although he never lived there. ALS signed “Barclay,” one page both sides, 8.25 x 12.5, October 9, 1685. Handwritten letter to William Penn (“Dear W. P.”), the founder of the colony of Pennsylvania, acknowledging his letter of September 23rd and opening with expressions of religious friendship. In part: “I travel daily to grow in ye which overcomes the cares of the world, and wherein the true fellowship ye is in the truth is much more valuable,” and sending his father’s “dear love.” Referring to his own letter to the Proprietors in which he was “plain with them ye they might not grow in there mistaiks concerning me, and might be made sensible ye the vast paines and troubles I have been at…may at least clear me of being shewed there debtor.”

Barclay continues by advising Penn that since East Jersey is of importance to him and may “staff off the blow from thy greater concerne at present,” he should follow a conciliatory policy toward the King, “ye will be very obvious and cannot miss observation, ye there is greater reasone the King should have some government within the bay of Delaware depending upon himself to overlook the rest there [than] have E jersy added to New York since NY in ye bay is sufficient to secure his interest, so ye methinks in prudence thou art concerned to concur (though thou had no particular property in E jersy) ye some equal capitulation for all be made now in the beginning. Ye may prove a future security for the whole.”

The letter continues a discussion of the possible means of averting the royal effort to vacate the charters of the private colonies by denying the proprietors’ right to govern, on the grounds that in the original charter from Charles II to James (then Duke of York) it had not been alienated from the crown. New York was at the same time disputing the proprietary colonies’ rights of free trade. On July 17th, the Lords of Trade had recommended that writs be issued against the Jerseys and Delaware, and the Attorney was instructed to begin proceedings against Pennsylvania the following spring.

Barclay, apparently writing in some annoyance with the Proprietors who seem to have been complaining at his absence from their meetings in London, recommends a pragmatic and placatory course, with a view to pre-empting further demands upon the colonies later on: “As thou will doe neighbourly in not sacrificing thy share in E jersy to render thy partners caise harder,” which will not serve Penn’s interests with James, for “such complements to Princes are often forgott & seldome have desired effect and it losses it quit[e] so for to put them in mind of it.” But he is not opposed to Penn’s suggestion of propitiating (“salvating”) New York by an exchange of land upon the Hudson for land further back: “I do not dislike it, providing it were therre proposal to us & yt wee had our priviledges confirmed to us so as might probably put us beyond the reach of further trouble.” Penn’s negotiations with Lord Baltimore are also mentioned. In very good to fine condition, with scattered light stains, and very old repairs to rough edges and some paper loss. Starting Bid $1000

113. Pilgrims and Native American Indians Land Sale Document (19th-Century Manuscript Copy). Early 19th-century manuscript copy of a land agreement between Pilgrim and Native American Indian leaders, one page both sides, 8 x 10, originally executed at “New Plymouth” on November 29, 1652. In part: “Know all men by these presents, that I, Wesamequen, and Wamsutta my son, have sold unto Mr. Wm. Bradford, Capt. John Standish, Thomas Southworth, John Winslow, John Cooke & their associates, the purchasers & old-comers, all the tract or tracts of land lying three miles eastward from a river called Cushnett, to a certain harbour called Acoaksett, to a flat rock on the westerward side of said harbour.” In return the settlers are to pay Wesamequen and Wamsutta: “Thirty yards of cloth, eight moose skins, fifteen axes, fifteen hoes, fifteen pair of breeches, eight blankets, two kettles, one cloak, 2£ in wampum, eight pair of stockings, eight pair of shoes, one iron pot and ten shillings in another commodities.” In very good to fine condition, with minor paper loss and some splitting to the folds. Starting Bid $200

Democracy in the colonies—the last governor of Plymouth Colony calls for an election in 1690

115. Plymouth: Thomas Hinckley Document Signed (1690) - The Last Governor of Plymouth Colony Calls an Election. English politician (1618–1706) who served as the last governor of the Plymouth Colony, overseeing its joining to Massachusetts when a new charter for the Province of Massachusetts Bay was issued in 1692. Manuscript DS, signed “Thos. Hinckley, Gov’r,” one page, 7.5 x 6, April 26, 1690. An election order issued at “New Plimouth,” in part: “Give publique notice…of the Generall Court of Election to be holden at Plimouth the first Teusday of June next that all persons who shall have business thereof may then and there attend… name all the freemen…that they Either personally appear at sd. Court or send in their votes by Proxy for the Choice of Govern’r Deputy Governr Assistants Commissioners and Treasurer for this following year… fail not in any of the particulars abovesaid as you will answer the Contrary at your perill.” Below is a brief statement signed by the constable, Joseph Taylor, ordering a meeting “to perform what the above warrant requires.” In very good to fine condition, with archival reinforcements to the edges and fold intersections. Starting Bid $200

116. Edmund Randolph Document Signed as Secretary of State. American politician (1753–1813) who served as both attorney general and secretary of state in George Washington’s cabinet. DS as secretary of state, signed “Edm: Randolph,” one page both sides, 8 x 13, June 9, 1794. Official printing of acts passed by the Third Congress of the United States during its Third Session, including “An Act supplementary to the act intituled ‘Act to promote the progress of Useful Arts’” and “An Act making certain alterations in the act for establishing the Judicial Courts, and altering the Time and Place of holding certain Courts.” Neatly signed at the conclusion in ink by Secretary of State Edmund Randolph. In fine condition, with a few short fold splits, and faint staining to the lower right corner. Starting Bid $300

Impressive colonial currency

display containing notes from all 13 original colonies before the 1788 ratification, prohibiting the states from printing paper money

118. Colonial Currency of the Thirteen Colonies. Currency notes from the 13 original colonies, ranging in denomination from eighteen pence to fifteen Spanish milled dollars, and one-third of a dollar to six dollars, from the colonies of New Hampshire (1780), New York (1775), Massachusetts (1776), Pennsylvania (1776), Connecticut (1776), Rhode Island, Maryland (1767), New Jersey (1776), Delaware, North Carolina (1760), South Carolina (1776), Virginia (1777), and Georgia (1777). The notes range in size from 2 x 3.5 to 4.5 x 3, and seven of the notes bear one to five authoritative signatures at the conclusion of the ornately designed slip. Matted and framed with an image of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, and a small plaque reading ‘Currency of the Thirteen Original Colonies,’ to an overall size of 31.5 x 31.5. In overall very good to fine condition.

Before the Revolutionary War, the British Parliament passed the Currency Acts of 1751, 1764, and 1773 to control colonial paper money to protect their merchants from depreciated colonial currency. By not allowing the currency to be used for ‘legal tender’ to pay public and private debts, this created a money crisis for the colonials, who had little access to gold and silver for coinage except for foreign coins like the Spanish dollar. When the war broke out, the colonies were freed from the monetary restrictions, allowing the Continental Congress to print paper money to help fund the war effort. Each state also issued its own unrestricted currency, contributing to a rapid depreciation of both state and Continental money. To address this problem, the Constitution, ratified in 1788, banned the right of independent states to coin and print money. Starting Bid $1000

The secretary of the Continental Congress announces its “choice of a President” as Elias Boudinot

119. Charles Thomson Revolutionary War-Dated Letter Signed to the President of Pennsylvania, Announcing “the choice of a President” (1782). Patriot leader (1729–1824) in Philadelphia during the American Revolution and the secretary of the Continental Congress (1774–1789) throughout its existence; Thomson was the only person to sign the Dunlap Broadside of the Declaration alongside John Hancock. Revolutionary War–dated LS signed “Cha. Thomson,” one page, 6.5 x 8, November 4, 1782. Letter to “His Excellency The President of the State of Pennsylvania,” in full: “I have the honor to inform you that this day pursuant to

the articles of Confederation, the United States in Congress Assembled proceeded to the choice of a President and have elected for the ensuing year his Excellency Elias Boudinot.” Professionally inlaid into a slightly larger sheet and in fine condition.

Boudniot (1740–1821) was American lawyer and statesman who served as President of the Continental Congress from 1782 to 1783 and later became a US Representative from New Jersey and director of the United States Mint. Starting Bid $300

Early American document signed by a signatory to the Mayflower Compact and an early governor of Plymouth Colony

120. Mayflower and Plymouth Colony: John Alden and Thomas Prence Document Signed (1663). Early American manuscript DS, signed “John Alden” and “Tho: Prence,” one page, 8 x 12, January 23, 1663. An indenture between Edward Rew and William Halstone, both of Canton, Massachusetts, originally executed on October 20, 1647, and later docketed and signed in the lower margin by Aldrn and Prence. In part: “This indenture made the twentieth day of the tenth month in the year of our Lord one thousand five hundred forty seven. Between Edward Rew: inhabitant of Canton…& William Halstone inhabitant of the said town of Canton…witnesseth that I Edward Rew aforesaid…have sold unto William Halstone…my house & lands standing & lying in the bounds & limits of the aforesaid plantation of Canton.” Mounted, matted, and framed with an image and caption to an overall size of 25.5 x 18.5. In very good to fine condition, with an area of restored paper loss to the lower right edge, and minor paper loss at the intersections of the partially separated folds.

John Alden (c. 1598–1687) sailed to America aboard the Mayflower in 1620 and became the seventh signer of the Mayflower Compact. Hired as the ship’s cooper, Alden was not originally among the Pilgrim separatists, but chose to remain in Plymouth and became one of the colony’s most prominent early settlers. He outlived the other Compact signers and has long occupied an important place in American colonial memory, further immortalized in Henry Wadsworth Longfellow’s 1858 poem The Courtship of Miles Standish, which popularized the romantic tradition of Alden, Priscilla Mullins, and Miles Standish.

Thomas Prence (c. 1601–1672) arrived in Plymouth Colony aboard the Fortune in 1621 and became one of the colony’s leading political figures, serving as governor in 1634, 1638, and again from 1657 until 1672. His long tenure placed him at the center of Plymouth’s civic diplomacy during the years preceding King Philip’s War. Starting Bid $1000

“A

general exchange of prisoners

is now

negotiating”—the Continental Congress seeks freedom for a celebrated Georgia colonel

121. Charles Thomson Revolutionary War-Dated Document Signed (1780) on Georgia’s Troop Quota and a Proposed Prisoner Exchange. Patriot leader (1729–1824) in Philadelphia during the American Revolution and the secretary of the Continental Congress (1774–1789) throughout its existence; Thomson was the only person to sign the Dunlap Broadside of the Declaration alongside John Hancock. Revolutionary War–dated manuscript DS, signed “Cha. Thomson Sec’y,” one page, 9.25 x 15.5, February 11, 1780. Thomson forwards an “Extract from the minutes” of Congress to General Benjamin Lincoln, then commander of Continental forces in the South. in part: “Resolved, that Congress highly applaud the unremitting exertions of the State of Georgia and the zeal and firmness, manifested by them under their difficulties and that the State of Georgia may be assured no endeavours will be wanting on the part of Congress to promote her interests—Resolved, that the quota of Continental troops of the State of Georgia be, the ensuing campaign One battalion of infantry and one regiment of horse… That Congress approve the plan adopted by the State of Georgia for reducing the four regiments of that State into one for officering the same…That the president inform the Gov’r of the State of Georgia that a general exchange of prisoners is now negotiating and due regard will undoubtedly be paid to Colo. Elbert…That notwithstanding the high sense Congress entertain of the merit of Colo. Elbert, Congress cannot at present promote him to the rank of Brigadier General in the continental army.” In fine condition, with some light toning along the folds.

The “Colo. Elbert” in question is no doubt Samuel Elbert (1740–1788), who led Button Gwinnett’s forces at the outset of the Revolution. He commanded the victorious American colonial forces in a naval battle near St. Simons Island, Georgia on April 19, 1778. He was wounded and captured at the Battle of Brier Creek the following year, and regained his freedom in a prisoner exchange for British Brigadier General James Inglis Hamilton. Elbert went on to command a brigade at Yorktown, and would be brevetted a brigadier general after the end of the war. Starting Bid $200

122. Jonathan Trumbull Revolutionary War–Dated Autograph Document Signed (1775), on the Arrest and Confinement of Philip Skene. Governor of Connecticut who was the only colonial governor to side with the Americans during the Revolutionary War (1710-1785). ADS, signed “True Copy of the Original, Test. Jonth. Trumbull Gov’r,” one page, 8.25 x 13, June 27, 1775. Trumbull copies resolves of the Continental Congress, issued just days after the Battle of Bunker Hill. In part: “Upon Motion, Ordered that Gov’r P. Skeene be sent under a Guard to Hartford in Connecticut, there to be confined on his Parole not to go out of the Bounds presented to him by Gov’r Trumbull…In Congress July 3d—It appearing that Gov’r P. Skeene & M. Lundy have designs inimical to American liberty: Therefore, on Motion, It is recommended to the Delegates of the Colony of Pennsylvania to have the Order of Congress of 27th June last, respecting the send’g Gov. Skeene to Hartford in Connecticut immediately carried into Execution…Resolved—that such Provision be made for the Support of Gov’r Skeene & M. Lundy, as Gov’r Trumbull shall think proper, which the Congress will take care to pay.” In fine condition, with small repairs to splitting along the folds.

Philip Skene, a British loyalist and former British army officer, played a notable role during the early stages of the American Revolution. As the founder and proprietor of Skenesborough (present-day Whitehall, New York), Skene supported British efforts to suppress the rebellion. His close ties to the British military and his strategic landholdings near Lake Champlain made him a figure of suspicion among American patriots. In 1775, while attempting to return to his estate from England—where he had been lobbying for the creation of a new royal colony—Skene was captured by American forces. Viewed as a potential threat due to his loyalist sympathies and connections with British officers, he was sent to West Hartford, Connecticut, where he was imprisoned. His confinement reflected the Continental Congress’s broader efforts to neutralize loyalist influence during the volatile early years of the Revolution. Starting Bid $200

124. [Great Britain and United States] Treaty Establishing the Northwest Boundary Between Canada and the United States (1819). Official British printing of the “Convention Between His Britannic Majesty and the United States of America, Signed at London, October 20, 1818, Presented to both Houses of Parliament, by Command of the Prince Regent,” printed in London by R. G. Clarke at the London Gazette Office, Cannon-Row, Westminster. Handsomely custom-bound in quarter-leather with marbled boards, 8.25 x 12.5, three pages. By this convention, the northern boundary between the United States and Canada was settled at 49° north latitude from the Lake of the Wood west to the summit of the Rocky Mountains. The question of the Oregon Country was placed on hold for a period of ten years, delayed through a joint occupation agreement. In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

Signed excerpt from Webster’s most famous Senate speech: “Where American Liberty raised its first voice, and where its youth was nurtured and sustained, there it still lives, in the strength of its manhood, and full of its original spirit”

127. Daniel Webster Manuscript Quotation Signed on Massachusetts and National Unity: “There is Boston, and Concord, and Lexington, and Bunker Hill; and there they will remain for ever”. Ornately penned manuscript souvenir quotation from “Webster’s reply to Hayne, in U.S. Senate,” one page, 7.5 x 8.75, signed at the conclusion in ink, “Dan’l Webster.” The quote, originating from the most famous speech ever given in the United States Senate, reads, in full: “I shall enter on no encomium upon Massachusetts; she needs none. There she is. Behold her, and judge for yourselves. There is her history; the world knows it by heart. The past, at least, is secure. There is Boston, and Concord, and Lexington, and Bunker Hill; and there they will remain for ever. The bones of her sons, falling in the great struggle for Independence, now lie mingled with the soil of every State from New England to Georgia; and there they will lie for ever. And Sir, where American Liberty raised its first voice, and where its youth was nurtured and sustained, there it still lives, in the strength of its manhood, and full of its original spirit. If discord and disunion shall wound it, if party strife and blind ambition shall hawk at and tear it, if folly and madness, if uneasiness under salutary and necessary restraint, shall succeed in separating it from that Union, by which alone its existence is made sure, it will stand, in the end, by the side of that cradle in which its infancy was rocked; over the friends who gather round it; and it will fall at last, if fall it must, amidst the proudest monuments of its own glory, and on the very spot of its origin.” In fine condition. This quotation comes from Daniel Webster’s second reply in the ‘Hayne-Webster Debate,’ an unplanned series of speeches in the Senate in which Robert Hayne of South Carolina and Daniel Webster of Massachusetts went back and forth over the meaning of the United States Constitution. Hayne interpreted the Constitution as little more than a treaty between sovereign states, while Webster expressed the concept of the United States as one nation, describing the government as ‘made for the people, made by the people, and answerable to the people.’ The momentous debate began on January 18, 1830, over the topic of protectionist tariffs and the proposed suspension of western land sales. Hayne began, contending that states, not the federal government, should control their lands and that states should have the right to set aside certain federal laws if they wished. Webster responded by saying that to sell lands cheaper would simply put them in the hands of speculators, and might well open them to slavery. He challenged the South’s apparent willingness to subvert the Union for regional economic gain. In doing so, he broadened the debate beyond land, tariffs, and slavery to a consideration of the very nature of the federal republic. Maintaining that the North had always been the West’s ally, Webster successfully shifted the debate to one of states’ rights versus national power. When Hayne argued the following week that a state had the right to openly defy an act of Congress, Webster returned on January 26 and 27 with his immortal ‘Second Reply to Hayne,’ ending with perhaps the most famous quote in U.S. Senate history, one that electrified his audience: ‘Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable!’ Overnight, the Massachusetts senator became a major national political figure—the speech both made his reputation and rallied the north behind his plea for national unity. This excerpt from the speech was written down by Adam J. Glossbrenner, who was Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of Representatives and later James Buchanan’s private secretary. He collected autographs and had a passion for history, and was in a position to combine these two pursuits to great effect: he had a practice of writing down key passages from important speeches, and then having the figures who had given the speeches sign them for him. Webster’s second reply to Hayne caught his eye, and he wrote down a significant passage from the speech relating to unity over disunity, which Webster kindly autographed. A supremely desirable, significant piece of American history. Starting Bid $200

Supreme Court

John Jay weighs in on a border dispute between the US and Canada: “Michel’s map was the one used by the Commissioners, and the River St. Croix delineated on it, was the one included by them as part of our Eastern Boundary”

130. John Jay Autograph Letter

Signed on the Boundary Between the United States and Canada, as Determined by the Jay Treaty. ALS, one page, 8 x 9.75, August 5, 1796. Handwritten letter to “The Hon’ble Jas. Sullivan,” in part: “I fear this Letter will not reach you by the 10 Inst. when you expect to sail—Michel’s map was the one used by the Commissioners, and the River St. Croix delineated on it, was the one included by them as part of our Eastern Boundary. Whether an Exparte Aff’t will be admitted, or w’d be regarded as of equal weight with one more formally taken, at the instance of both parties you best can judge. I am ready to give the Testimony in this one way or the other as may be thought advisable. In the present moment there is not time for it. Wm. T. Franklin, who was Sect’y to the Commissioners, can prove the same thing.” Addressed on the integral leaf in Jay’s own hand. Professionally inlaid into a slightly larger sheet and in very good to fine condition, with some creasing to the letter, biographical notations toward the bottom, and professional restoration to seal-related paper loss on the integral address leaf.

The Jay Treaty, signed in 1794, played a role in defining the northern boundary between the United States and British Canada, including the St. Croix River. It established a commission to determine which river was the ‘River St. Croix’ intended in the Treaty of Paris (1783), which did not precisely define the border. Secretary of State Timothy Pickering appointed James Sullivan to be the United States agent to the binational commission; he was thus tasked with gathering relevant maps and legal documents, and then presenting a legal case for the United States’ claim. The commission ultimately identified the Scudiac River (as claimed by the British) as the St. Croix, and the boundary was to run along its east branch. Starting Bid $300

World Leaders and Politicians

133. Simon Bolivar Document Signed, Granting a Military Promotion as “Liberator President” of the Republic of Colombia. Revolutionary and political leader (1783–1830) whose military campaigns against the Spanish were instrumental in the emergence of the independent nations of modern South America, including Bolivia, which was named in his honor. Partly-printed DS in Spanish, one page, 8.25 x 12, October 23, 1829. As “Liberator President” of the Republic of Colombia, Bolivar grants a military promotion. In part (translated): “In view of the merits and services of 1st Lt. Pablo Tovar of the First Company of the Ayacucho Battalion, I have determined to grant him the rank of captain. Therefore, I order and command the corresponding commander to place him in possession of the mentioned rank of captain, upholding and causing to be upheld for him the rights, honors, and privileges pertaining to that rank; and that this dispatch be noted in the corresponding treasury offices so that he may receive the salary increase provided by law.” Further endorsed on the reverse and integral leaf by several military commanders and government officials. In very good to fine condition, with binding holes, and minor paper loss, to the left edge. Starting Bid $300

Churchill protects King George V in the

press— “It is most important that the trial should kill that lying story once & for all”

136. Winston Churchill Autograph Letter

Signed on “the King’s libel action” - “It is most important that the trial should kill that lying story once & for all”. ALS signed “Winston S. Churchill,” one page both sides, 5 x 8, Home Office, Whitehall letterhead, January 30, 1911. Handwritten letter to to newspaper magnate Lord Northcliffe, marked “Secret” at the head, concerning the criminal libel prosecution intended to extinguish rumors that King George V had secretly married in Malta before his marriage to Queen Mary. In full: “My dear Northcliffe, I wanted to speak to you about the King’s libel action wh[ich] will be tried on Wed. I daresay we shall be in complete agreement; but I should have liked to have discussed it with you beforehand if possible. It is most important that the trial should kill that lying story once & for all. The reception of the event by the press will count for a good deal in this respect. I thought you w[oul]d like to be informed so as to give any necessary instructions. I am v[er]y sorry you have to fly this harsh weather.” In fine condition. Accompanied by a handsome custom-made quarter-leather clamshell case.

A remarkable and historically charged Churchill letter written in his capacity as Home Secretary, discreetly coordinating press treatment of one of the most sensitive royal scandals of the reign. The “King’s libel action” concerned the prosecution of Edward F. Mylius, who had revived a persistent false rumor that George V—then Duke of York—had contracted a secret marriage in Malta and later abandoned his supposed wife to marry Princess May of Teck. The case came to trial on February 1, 1911, just two days after Churchill wrote this letter. Mylius was convicted and sentenced to twelve months’ imprisonment, and the proceedings allowed an official denial to be placed before the public in the strongest possible terms.

Churchill’s blunt phrase—“kill that lying story once & for all”—is especially powerful, revealing both the government’s urgency and his awareness of the press’s decisive role in shaping public acceptance of the verdict. Addressed to Lord Northcliffe, proprietor of the Daily Mail and one of the most influential press figures in Britain, the letter offers rare insight into Churchill’s behind-the-scenes management of royal reputation and public opinion at the highest level. Starting Bid $300

Cromwell commissions a “collonell” in his New Model Army

137. Oliver Cromwell Document Signed, Appointing a Colonel in the New Model Army (1650). English soldier and statesman (1599-1658) who led Parliamentary forces in the English Civil War, waged war against Scotland and Ireland and, in 1653, following the execution of Charles I, became Lord Protector of Great Britain, a position he held until his death in 1658. After a yearlong reign by his son, Richard, the British throne was restored (to Charles II) and Cromwell’s body was exhumed and posthumously ‘executed.’ Vellum manuscript DS, signed “O. Cromwell,” one page, 11 x 7.75, March 1650. Oliver Cromwell appoints Richard Ashfield as “Collonell…under my command.” Prominently signed at the conclusion in ink by Oliver Cromwell. In very good condition, with toning, staining, and overall heavy soiling, affecting some of the body of the text.

This March 1650 appointment dates to a pivotal moment in Oliver Cromwell’s military and political rise, shortly after the execution of King Charles I and the establishment of the English Commonwealth. Cromwell, then one of the most powerful commanders in the New Model Army, was preparing for campaigns to secure the new republican regime against royalist resistance in Ireland, Scotland, and within England itself. From the personal collection of a lifelong collector, teacher, and traveler with a passion for world history. His collecting years ranged from the 1970s to the present day, meaning that several of the premier pieces have not been on the market in decades. Starting Bid $300

Early signed letter by the future Intendant of New France, written on the eve of France’s royal reorganization of Canada

150. Jean Talon Early Letter Signed, Concerning the Récollet Mission Prior to His Departure for New France (1662). LS in French, signed “Talon,” four pages on two conjoined leaves, 7.75 x 12.25 folded, dated at “A Monce [Mons],” August 10, 1662, addressed to Guillaume Billion, Seigneur de la Prugne. In this substantive early letter, Talon discusses religious matters and expresses support for Théodore-Germain Allart of the Récollet order, later associated with efforts to restore the Récollet mission in New France. Handsomely penned in dark ink, with Talon’s signature appearing prominently at the conclusion. In very good to fine condition, with intersecting folds, scattered toning and edge wear, and a small burn hole to both leaves affecting a few words of text.

Jean Talon is widely regarded as the first effective Intendant of New France, arriving in Quebec in 1665 at a moment when the struggling colony faced military pressure from the Iroquois, economic instability, administrative corruption, and severe population decline. Written in 1662 while Talon was serving as Intendant of Hainaut in the Spanish Netherlands, the letter dates to the eve of a transformative moment in Canadian

colonial history: in 1663, Louis XIV dissolved the failing Company of New France and reorganized the colony as a royal province directly under the French crown, a restructuring that led to Talon’s appointment in New France under the direction of Jean-Baptiste Colbert.

Talon subsequently undertook sweeping reforms that reshaped the colony’s future, promoting immigration and settlement, encouraging trade and local industry, reorganizing the colonial justice system, supporting military operations against the Iroquois, and helping establish the famed “filles du roi” program intended to increase the colony’s population. The letter’s discussion of Théodore-Germain Allart and the Récollet order also reflects the religious politics surrounding New France during this period, as Talon would later support the return of the Récollets to Canada after decades of Jesuit dominance following the English seizure of Quebec in 1629. Letters written before Talon’s departure for New France are especially desirable, illuminating the political, religious, and administrative networks that shaped the French colony immediately before its transition to direct royal rule. Starting Bid $500

“Instrument for the Quieting all Disputes between the English & French in America”

152. Treaty of London, 1687: Appointing Commissioners on American Peace Between England and France. Contemporary manuscript copy of an “Instrument for the Quieting all Disputes between the English & French in America,” three pages on two adjoining sheets, 7.25 x 11.5, December 1, 1687. King James II of England appoints several officials to a commission for “quieting and determining all controversies and Disputes that have arisen or may hereafter arise between ye subjects of both Crowns in America, as also to settle and determine ye Bounds or Limits of ye Colonys, Islands, Lands, and Territories belonging to ye said Kings.” In fine condition.

In 1687 the kings of France and England added to their agreements of the previous year by appointing in concert commissioners to settle all land disputes between the two powers in America. They also pledged to cease hostilities in America until further notice. This might have saved future conflict, but never happened. The commissioners named in this document were appointed but never met, and the overthrow of James II by William and Mary threw France and England back into war. On the American frontier, the French did little to dissuade Indian raids against British outposts. Starting Bid $200

Royalty

Catherine the Great writes to her noble lover, confidant, and empire builder, Prince Grigory Potemkin

153. Catherine the Great Letter Signed to Her Lover, Confidant, and Empire Builder Grigory Potemkin. The most renowned and the longest-ruling female leader of Russia, reigning from July 9, 1762 until her death in 1796 at the age of 67. LS in Cyrillic, signed “Ekaterina,” one page, 7.5 x 12, February 9, 1786. Letter to Prince Grigory Aleksandrovich Potemkin, a favourite of Catherine the Great. The Empress informs Potemkin that the salaries of the Kherson Admiralty carpenters for September should be allocated from the Saint Petersburg Exchequer for residual sums in “fifteen thousand roubles in paper money” and requests that Potemkin make the necessary arrangements for the payment. In fine condition.

More than a court favorite, Prince Grigory Potemkin was Catherine’s intimate confidant, trusted adviser, and chief architect of Russia’s southern expansion, overseeing the development of New Russia, the annexation of Crimea, and major naval and administrative projects around the Black Sea. Their relationship, which had begun as a passionate romance in the 1770s, matured into an extraordinary alliance of affection, ambition, and statecraft; Catherine continued to rely on Potemkin’s judgment long after their romantic attachment had cooled. This letter, concerning payment to carpenters at the Kherson Admiralty, illustrates the practical workings of that partnership, with the Empress directing resources toward the naval infrastructure central to Potemkin’s imperial vision. From the personal collection of a lifelong collector, teacher, and traveler with a passion for world history. His collecting years ranged from the 1970s to the present day, meaning that several of the premier pieces have not been on the market in decades. Starting Bid $300

154. King Charles I Document Signed on Tithes of the Church of Turriff. King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (born 1600) from 1625 until his execution in the wake of the English Civil War in 1649. Manuscript DS signed “Charles R,” one page, 9.25 x 7.5, circa 1640. Document ratifying a financial and legal agreement over local church tithes (“teinds”) between Mr. Thomas Mitchell, the minister of the Church of Turriff, and Gilbert Hay, the 11th Earl of Erroll. In fine condition, with light toning along the folds. Accompanied by an engraved portrait of King Charles I. From the personal collection of a lifelong collector, teacher, and traveler with a passion for world history. His collecting years ranged from the 1970s to the present day, meaning that several of the premier pieces have not been on the market in decades. Starting Bid $300

Originally issued under Henry VI in 1431 and later confirmed by Edward IV with his royal monogram “RE,” a Kent vellum land charter bridges two dynasties on opposite sides of the Wars of the Roses

155. King Edward IV Signed Land Charter, Originally Issued Under Henry VI in 1431, Bridging Two Dynasties of the Wars of the Roses. Manuscript vellum DS in Latin, one page, 11.5 x 4.25, originally issued at St. Laurence-in-Thanet, Kent, on April 20, 1431, in the ninth year of the reign of King Henry VI, later confirmed with the royal sign-manual monogram “RE” of King Edward IV at an undetermined date during his reign. The charter was issued by grantors William Manston, William Harlewyne, John Horne, Simon Lambyn, and Richard Bakar, confirming to Edmund Graunt “a certain messuage and two acres of land adjoining with its appurtenances” in the parish of Saint Laurence, situated in the holding of Menston between lands owned by William Manston, Stephen Tomelyn, and the Abbey and Convent of Saint Augustine of Canterbury. The charter concludes with witness names including Roger Manston, William Umfrey, John Frost, Thomas Graunt the younger, Stephen Tomelyn, Thomas Marchall, and William Gybbe. The lower edge retains remnants of five original red wax pendant seals attached by vellum tags. In fine condition.

Although the charter itself dates to 1431 during the reign of Henry VI, the royal “RE” monogram necessarily represents a later confirmation executed during the reign of Edward IV (1461–1470; 1471–1483), who was born in 1442 and therefore could not have participated in the original issue of the document. The confirmation bridges two dynasties on opposite sides of the Wars of the Roses: Henry VI, the Lancastrian king deposed by Edward IV in 1461, and Edward IV himself, whose Yorkist reign followed decades of dynastic conflict. During such periods of dynastic transition, royal reconfirmation of existing land grants provided important legal continuity for property holders, likely explaining why Edward IV’s sign-manual was sought and appended to this earlier charter. The document’s reference to the Abbey and Convent of Saint Augustine of Canterbury places it within the orbit of one of England’s oldest and most significant Benedictine monasteries, founded in 598 AD by Augustine of Canterbury. Medieval English land documents retaining multiple original wax pendant seals are increasingly difficult to obtain intact, particularly examples tied to identifiable fifteenth-century Kent landholdings and ecclesiastical property associated with so prominent an institution. Starting Bid $2500

King George III authorizes Lord Granville to conclude treaties with Russia

156. King George III (2) Documents Signed, Authorizing Lord Granville to Negotiate with Russia. Significant pairing of documents, granting the British ambassador to Russia, Lord Granville Leveson-Gower, full powers for the negotiation of treaties. Includes:

- Manuscript DS, signed “George R,” one page both sides, 7.75 x 12, January 8, 1805. King George III authorizes Lord Granville Leveson-Gower, “Our Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Our Good Brother the Emperor of Russia…to treat and agree with the Minister or Ministers of Our said Good Brother, duly authorized thereto upon all such Matters and Things as in Our Said Instrument of Full Power.” The four-page instrument, written in Latin, is annexed to the document, attached by a purple ribbon. Signed at the head by King George III, and countersigned at the conclusion by Lord Hawkesbury. The affixed seal partially covers George III’s signature.

- Manuscript DS, signed “George R,” one page both sides, 7.75 x 12, May 16, 1807. King George III authorizes Lord Granville Leveson-Gower to “treat with the Minister or Ministers of Our Good Brother the Emperor of Russia, upon all such matters as in Our said Instrument of Full Power are contained and expressed.” The three-page instrument, written in Latin, is annexed to the document, attached by a purple ribbon. Signed at the head by King George III, and countersigned at the conclusion by George Canning. In overall fine condition. These documents belong to a decisive period in European diplomacy during the Napoleonic Wars, when Britain sought to preserve its alliance with Russia as a counterweight to French dominance on the Continent. Lord Granville’s appointment and repeated empowerment to negotiate with Russia reflect the urgency with which King George III’s government pursued coordinated action with Emperor Alexander I, first within the Third Coalition and later amid its collapse following defeats such as Austerlitz. The renewal of Granville’s negotiating authority in 1807 underscores Britain’s efforts to sustain dialogue with Russia even as alliances fractured and the Treaties of Tilsit loomed, marking the transition to a new and precarious phase of the war. Starting Bid $200

157. King James I Document Signed. King of England and Ireland (1566–1625) under whom the ‘Golden Age’ of Elizabethan literature and drama continued, and who famously sponsored the translation of the Bible into English; as King James VI, he ruled Scotland from 1567 until his death. Vellum manuscript DS, signed “James R,” one page, 12.5 x 11.5, circa 1611. An untranslated official document, crisply signed at the head in ink by King James I. In fine condition.

Provenance: The Collection of Autograph Letters and Historical Documents formed by Emil and Alphons Freiherrn von PawelRammingen, accompanied by the original folder. From the personal collection of a lifelong collector, teacher, and traveler with a passion for world history. His collecting years ranged from the 1970s to the present day, meaning that several of the premier pieces have not been on the market in decades. Starting Bid $300

“He informs Us that the British Queen has passed away at the 1st day of this month and that at the same day the Hanover Elector was proclaimed a King”

162. Peter the Great Letter Signed on Europe’s Changing Order: A Treaty with the Ottoman Turks and King George I’s Rise to Power. Peter the Great (1672–1725), the towering Tsar and first Emperor of Russia, transformed his vast realm into a formidable European power through sweeping military, naval, and cultural reforms that left an indelible mark on world history. Significant LS in Cyrillic, signed “Peter,” one page, 6.25 x 7.75, August 28, 1714. Letter to the General Prince Golitzin, in full (translated): “A courier from Peter Apraksin delivered the news that the demarcation with the Turks is completed now. Thank God for that, considering the situation. The courier delivered also letters from the Baron Shaka who is at the British Court. He informs Us that the British Queen has passed away at the 1st day of this month and that at the same day the Hanover Elector was proclaimed a King. We hope to reach the Birch Islands today and to bring the captured ships with us there.” In very good to fine condition, with scattered staining, soiling, and toning. Peter the Great writes during a moment of triumph and transition, in the aftermath of Russia’s landmark naval victory over Sweden at Gangut in July 1714. The tsar reports on the movement of captured ships toward the Birch Islands while also acknowledging two major diplomatic developments—the completed demarcation with the Ottoman Turks following the dangerous Pruth campaign settlement, and the death of Queen Anne of Great Britain on August 1, 1714, which brought the Hanoverian Elector George I to the throne. The reflects Peter’s sweeping geopolitical concerns at the height of the Great Northern War, balancing Baltic military success, Ottoman border security, and the shifting dynastic politics of Western Europe. From the personal collection of a lifelong collector, teacher, and traveler with a passion for world history. His collecting years ranged from the 1970s to the present day, meaning that several of the premier pieces have not been on the market in decades. Starting Bid $1000

163. Queen Isabella I Document Signed. Queen of Castile from 1474 until her death in 1504, reigning over a dynastically unified Spain together with her husband, King Ferdinand II of Aragon; they are best remembered for establishing the Spanish Inquisition and for financing Christopher Columbus’s 1492 voyage that led to the discovery of the New World . Manuscript DS in Spanish, signed “Yo la Reyna [I the Queen],” one page, 8.25 x 12, February 8, 1502. Document granting Beatriz Galindo, the Queen’s maid, all property belonging to her deceased husband, Francisco de Madrid (one of the Queen’s treasurers), with the exception of any documents associated with his duties. In fine condition, with a cancelation slit unobtrusively passing through the signature. Accompanied by a full translation. From the personal collection of a lifelong collector, teacher, and traveler with a passion for world history. His collecting years ranged from the 1970s to the present day, meaning that several of the premier pieces have not been on the market in decades. Starting Bid $300

Religious Figures

165. Pope John Paul II Typed Letter Signed (Christmas 1973). TLS in Polish, signed “Karol card. Wojtyla,” typed on the reverse of a 5.5 x 3.75 postal card featuring a nativity scene, dated “Christmas 1973.” Addressed from Krakow, a letter sent to an unidentified mother and her daughters, in full (translated): “Thank you very much for your expressions of remembrance on the occasion of the holidays. I likewise wish that the celebrations of Christmas and the New Year may constitute a blessed introduction into the graces of the Holy Year.” A brief postscript reads: “God bless you for the ‘gwiazdka’ [Christmas gift/present].” In very fine condition. Starting Bid $200

Activists and Social Leaders

“It is up to the wise heads in Baroda to find out the truth”

167. Mohandas Gandhi Autograph Letter Signed: “It is up to the wise heads in Baroda to find out the truth”. ALS signed “M. K. Gandhi,” one page, 4.25 x 6.5, Segaon, Wardha letterhead, February 4, 1939. Handwritten letter to General Shinde of Baroda, in full: “Many thanks for your letter & enclosures. I see nothing objectionable in the excerpts you have sent me As to the printed circular, if what is stated therein is true, it is evidence of a tragic situation. It is up to the wise heads in Baroda to find out the truth.” In very good to fine condition, with scattered light foxing, and pin holes to the upper left corner. Starting Bid $1000

169. Malcolm X Signed Page for Alex Haley’s Playboy Interview, Discussing the Social Work of Elijah Muhammad - “He’s cleaning up the mess that the white men themselves have made” (PSA NM-MT 8). Page 25 from the original typescript of Alex Haley’s 1963 interview of Malcolm X for Playboy magazine, one page, 8.5 x 11, signed “Malcolm X” in the bottom margin (with a marginal line indicating his approval of the contents). In full: [Malcolm X] …have been mostly at the college level. Both students and professors. They have recognized that the Honorable Elijah Muhammad is doing a job on the Negro that they could not do. They recognize us as a sociological phenomenon. It’s hard to go into a white college and not find some student doing a term paper on us. Especially the sociologists, political scientists and mass psychologists.

[Haley] Mr. Malcolm, you used a phrase there with which a great many people would agree — that your leader is quote doing a job on the Negro. What do you mean by it?

[Malcolm X] The Honorable Elijah Muhammad is doing a job indeed, sir. He stops Negroes who join him from getting drunk, dope addiction, nicotine, gambling, stealing, lying, cheating, fornication, adultery, prostitution, juvenile delinquency.

I think about this every time there is something said about somebody investigating the Muslims. Why should they investigate the Honorable Elijah Muhammad? They should subsidize him. He’s cleaning up the mess that the white men themselves have made. He’s saving the government millions of dollars, taking black men off the welfare, showing them how to Do something for themselves. Removing a big burden from the white man’s back. That’s what Mr. Muhammad is doing.” In very fine condition. Encapsulated and graded by PSA/DNA as “NM - MT 8.”

Playboy’s May 1963 interview with Malcolm X was one of the most famous of Haley’s career and gave most readers their first in-depth look at Malcolm X’s teachings and personality. Supporters and critics viewed the Muslim minister in very different terms. Admirers saw him as a courageous advocate for the rights of African-Americans and condemned crimes against black Americans; detractors accused him of preaching racism, black supremacy, and violence. Nevertheless, he has been described as one of the greatest and most influential African-American leaders in history. Within a year of granting this interview, with America still gripped by ever-growing racial tension, the once-combative black nationalist Malcolm X had repudiated almost every stance in the interview. He had broken with the Nation of Islam movement, fallen out with its leader, Elijah Muhammad, renounced black supremacy, and embraced racial equality and human rights. He was assassinated in Harlem in 1965. The Marc and Mary Perkins Collection. Starting Bid $500

Apple

Steve

Jobs signs an early Apple Computer check on July 4, 1976— as America celebrates its bicentennial and Apple begins a revolution of its own

176. Steve Jobs Signed Apple Computer Check to the People’s Computer Company (July 4, 1976) - Representing the Dawn of the Microcomputer Revolution. Early Apple Computer Company check, 6 x 3, filled out in type and signed by Jobs, “steven jobs,” payable to Peoples Computer Company for $10, July 4, 1976. Headed “Apple Computer Company,” the check uses Apple’s first official address at “770 Welch Rd., Ste. 154, Palo Alto”—the location of the answering service and mail drop that they used while still operating out of the famous Jobs family garage. In fine condition.

Signed on the Fourth of July amidst celebrations of the United States bicentennial, Steve Jobs was about to foment a revolution of his own—the microcomputer revolution. During this period in the summer of 1976, roughly three months after founding the Apple Computer Company, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak were hard at work building their first product: the Apple-1 Computer. Running the company out of the Jobs family garage, they got an ‘official’ address with the Redwood Answering Service in Palo Alto, which gave them a mail drop and telephone number for dealer inquiries. They set the price of the Apple-1 at $666.66, and sold about 175 of the 200 units built over the span of ten months.

The payee is a compelling link to the era’s grassroots computing culture: People’s Computer Company was a pioneering Menlo Park–based newsletter and organization devoted to making computers accessible, personal, and creative.

The initial, niche success of the Apple-1 spurred development of the Apple II, released in 1977. The Apple II, along with the Commodore PET 2001 and Tandy TRS-80, became known as the ‘trinity’ of mass-market personal computers, and represented the advent of the microcomputer revolution. Starting Bid $2500

Scientists and Inventors

Bold signature of Charles Darwin— “Dear Sir, Yours very faithfully, Ch. Darwin”— applied to the inside of a second edition On the Origin of Species

179. Charles Darwin Signature in On the Origin of Species (Second Edition, 1860). Crisp ink signature, “Dear Sir, Yours very faithfully, Ch. Darwin,” on an off-white 4 x 2 sheet affixed to the front pastedown of a second edition of Darwin’s monumental book, On the Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life, published by John Murray of London in 1860, hardcover with blocked green cloth and gilt designs and titling to the spine, 5.25 x 8, 502 pages with 30 additional pages containing “Mr. Murray’s General List of Works.” Autographic condition: fine, with a central vertical fold. Book condition: G-/None, with cracked hinges, cloth split at front joint, fraying to cloth at the foot of the spine, heavy rubbing to boards, and an ownership inscription to the half-title page. Starting Bid $500

Einstein signs for a renowned Hungarian pianist

182. Albert Einstein Signature to Pianist Andor Foldes. Vintage fountain pen signature and inscription, “Herrn Andor und Frau Lili Fordes, zur erinnerung under [in memory of] 7.V.1943, Albert Einstein,” on an off-white 3.5 x 1.75 slip, affixed to a fantastic semi-glossy 7.75 x 9.5 photograph of Einstein by photojournalist Al Fenn. Affixed to a samesize mount and in fine condition, with rippling to the portrait.

In his autobiography, the renowned Hungarian pianist Andor Földes describes his encounter with Einstein, himself an accomplished violinist. He visited Einstein at his home in Princeton in 1943 at Einstein’s invitation. Einstein had expressed a desire to make music with Foldes, and that afternoon they played works by Vivaldi and Mozart, among others. Foldes writes: ‘He possessed a nearly otherworldly aura, which I have only experienced in three other personalities—I think of Jan Sibelius, Bertrand Russell, and Béla Bartók.’ The photographer, Al Fenn (1913–1996), worked for Life magazine from 1941 to 1962, specializing in scientific and medical subjects. He captured Einstein’s portrait in 1947. Starting Bid $1000

Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist— a limited first edition of Einstein’s ‘autobiography’

183. Albert Einstein Signed Book - PhilosopherScientist (Ltd. Ed. #176/750). Sought-after signed book: Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist, Volume VII of the Influential Library of Living Philosophers book series, edited by Paul Arthur Schlipp. Limited first edition, numbered 176 of 750 subscription copies. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University, 1949. Chocolate-brown leatherette hardcover with gilt-stamped facsimile signature, 6.75 x 9.75, 781 pages. Signed neatly on the colophon in black ink, “Albert Einstein, 49.” Autographic condition: fine. Book condition: VG/None, with the frontispiece portrait neatly detached but present.

The seventh volume in the classic The Library of Living Philosophers series, Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist is a tribute volume with essays by some of the most important scientists of the era reflecting on the importance of Einstein’s

work. Contributors include: Wolfgang Pauli, Louis de Broglie, Max Born, Arnold Sommerfeld, Georges Lemaitre, Kurt Gödel, and many more. Of special note is the essay by Niels Bohr, ‘Discussion with Einstein on Epistemological Problems in Atomic Physics,’ which gives Bohr’s perspective of the famous Einstein-Bohr debates. As Paul Schilpp notes in his Preface, ‘These recollections of conversations with Einstein on the epistemological aspects of physical science would never have come into being, were it not for the peculiar nature of this series.’

Of particular note are the first and last chapters, ‘Autobiographical Notes’ and ‘Remarks to the Essays Appearing in this Collective Volume,’ which serve as important biographical references; per physicist and science historian Abraham Pais, the ‘Autobiographical Notes’ is the ‘closest Einstein ever came to writing an autobiography.’ Starting Bid $1000

186. Louis Pasteur Signed Engraving by Eugene-Andre Champollion. Pioneering French microbiologist and chemist (1822–1895) who demonstrated the germ theory of disease and developed the first vaccine against rabies. Well-executed 6 x 8 engraved portrait of Louis Pasteur by Eugene-Andre Champollion (featuring the facsimile signatures of both artist and subject within the image), signed and inscribed in the lower right corner by the celebrated scientist, “A M. Capelle, L. Pasteur, 26 Septembre 89.” Handsomely matted and framed to an overall size of 14.25 x 17.75. In fine condition, with some slight bleeding to the ink. Starting Bid $300

187. Wilhelm Rontgen Autograph Letter Signed to Prince Alfons of Bavaria. Distinguished German physicist (1845-1923) who discovered X-rays in 1895, for which he was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901. ALS in German, signed “W. C. Röntgen,” one page on a 4.25 x 3.5 personal stationery card, March 30, 1909. Addressed from Cadenabbia, Lake Como, Italy, to the Court Secretariat of His Royal Highness Prince Alfons of Bavaria. In full, translated: “Enclosed I am sending you my quarterly rent in the amount of M. 1500. With the request that you send a certificate of receipt to the address below.” Röntgen adds his temporary address at the Hotel Bellevue in Cadenabbia, “Comersee, Italien.” In very good condition, with light toning and minor handling wear. A neatly penned and unusual personal letter from the scientific giant, written during a stay on Lake Como and relating to his financial affairs with the Bavarian court. Starting Bid $200

Scarce document signed by “Alessandro Volta, Royal Professor at the University of Pavia”

188. Alessandro Volta Autograph Document Signed as “Royal Professor at the University of Pavia”. Italian physicist (1745–1827) best known for his epochal investigations into the nature and uses of electricity, leading him to invent the battery; the unit denoting the potential difference or electromotive force was named the volt in his honor. Scarce ADS in Italian, signed “Alessandro Volta, Royal Professor at the University of Pavia,” one page, 7.25 x 5, July 5, 1799. Handwritten financial document, in part (translated): “I, the undersigned, have received seven hundred fifty lire from the most illustrious gentleman Count Don Andrea Lucini Passalacqua as the interest due from 25 December to 25 June just past on the capital of thirty thousand lire placed with the aforementioned count as a loan at 5 percent interest. That is, 750 lire. And I attest.” In fine condition, with scattered light foxing.

As Royal Professor of Physics at the University of Pavia, Alessandro Volta held one of the most prestigious scientific posts in Lombardy, a position he occupied for decades while building his reputation as an experimental physicist and teacher. The title reflected both academic distinction and state patronage, placing Volta within the intellectual elite of late 18th-century Italy; from Pavia, he conducted the electrical research that culminated in his invention of the voltaic pile in 1799–1800. From the personal collection of a lifelong collector, teacher, and traveler with a passion for world history. His collecting years ranged from the 1970s to the present day, meaning that several of the premier pieces have not been on the market in decades. Starting Bid $300

“Obtain as many signatures as possible”— the cofounder of Smith & Wesson contacts the competition, Colt’s Arms Company, to coordinate opposition against federal firearms legislation in 1880

189. Daniel B. Wesson Autograph Letter Signed to Colt’s Arms Company, Seeking Coordinated Opposition to a Firearms Industry Bill (1880). Rare ALS signed “D. B. Wesson,” one page, 5.25 x 9, Office of Smith & Wesson (Springfield, Massachusetts) letterhead, April 17, 1880. Handwritten letter to “Colt’s Arms Co.,” in full: “With this I hand you a Remonstrance which will explain itself. If you have not already taken some measures to oppose the passage of this bill, and you oppose this purpose please obtain as many signatures as possible, and fwd it to the proper person. I think it would be well if you were to call the attention of Mr. Eaton to this matter.” In fine condition.

Daniel B. Wesson’s letter to Colt’s Arms Co. documents an apparent coordinated effort among major American firearms manufacturers to oppose pending legislation affecting the arms industry. Although the specific “bill” referenced in the letter has not been conclusively identified, and the accompanying “Remonstrance” mentioned by Wesson is not known to survive, the surviving correspondence offers important insight into political organization within the American firearms trade during the late 19th century.

Addressed directly to Colt’s Arms Co. in Hartford, the letter reflects communication between two of the nation’s foremost firearms manufacturers at a time when Smith & Wesson and Colt were dominant forces in the American arms industry. Wesson writes that if Colt has not already taken measures to oppose the bill, they should “obtain as many signatures as possible, and fwd it to the proper person,” language indicating an organized lobbying effort already underway within the trade. The request for signatures suggests that the legislation was considered significant enough to unite otherwise competing manufacturers in coordinated opposition.

Wesson further advises Colt to call the matter to the attention of Senator William Wallace Eaton of Connecticut, then serving in the United States Senate, implying that the measure may have been federal in scope or tied to national commercial interests. While the precise subject of the legislation remains unknown, the circumstances suggest it likely concerned manufacturing or commercial issues affecting the firearms trade, potentially taxation, procurement, patent matters, tariffs, or regulations affecting arms manufacture or distribution.

While the precise subject of the legislation remains unknown, the document offers a glimpse into political coordination within the American firearms industry during the late 19th century, illustrating how leading manufacturers responded collectively to legislation affecting shared commercial interests. As such, the letter survives as an uncommon piece of early American firearmsindustry history, linking two of the nation’s most important arms makers in a moment of coordinated action. Starting Bid $1000

Intellectuals

The major figure of the English Enlightenment

191. David Hume Autograph Document Signed, Payable to Dramatist John Home. Tremendously influential Scottish Enlightenment philosopher, historian, and economist (1711–1776) considered one of the most important figures in the history of Western philosophy. Scarce ADS, signed “David Hume,” one page, 7.25 x 3.5, June 8, 1776. Handwritten check from Bath, drawn on Thomas Coutts & Co. of London and made payable to dramatist John Home for “the sum of fifty pounds,” adding, “and place it to my account.” Handsomely mounted, matted, and framed with an engraved portrait of Hume to an overall size of 18.5 x 11. In fine condition.

A remarkable financial document from the final months of Hume’s life, penned during his last journey to England in a vain attempt to restore his failing health. Hume had traveled to Bath with his distant kinsman John Home, the celebrated Scottish dramatist best known for Douglas, hoping that the city’s famed waters might provide relief. They did not. The very day after writing this check, Hume wrote to William Strahan that he had ‘dropp’d the Use’ of the waters, having found them injurious rather than curative. He would pass away from a form of abdominal cancer in August.

As one of the central figures of the Scottish Enlightenment, Hume remains among the most influential philosophers in the English language, celebrated for his empiricism, skepticism, writings on human nature, and monumental History of England. Autographic material by Hume is quite scarce. Starting Bid $500

Explorers and Archeologists

Handwritten letter by the financier who supported the excavation of King Tut’s tomb

194. Lord Carnarvon Autograph Letter

Signed - The Financier of the Excavation of King Tut’s Tomb. English aristocrat (1866–1923) and amateur Egyptologist best known as the financier of Howard Carter’s excavation of Tutankhamun’s tomb. ALS in French, signed “Carnarvon,” three pages, 4.5 x 5.25, personal letterhead, April 24, 1892. Handwritten letter with some commentary on his art collection, in full (translated): “I have just received your letter, and as everything relating to the 18th century interests me I will be very happy to put myself entirely at your disposal for the few drawings, paintings etc. that I own from the French School. Please tell me if the designs for the books are within your scope and also what details you need. I will be in London within 15 days from where I will send you what I can.” In fine condition. From the personal collection of a lifelong collector, teacher, and traveler with a passion for world history. His collecting years ranged from the 1970s to the present day, meaning that several of the premier pieces have not been on the market in decades. Starting Bid $200

195. Jonathan Carver: Travels Through the Interior Parts of North-America in the Years 1766, 1767, and 1768 (First Edition). Scarce book: Travels Through the Interior Parts of North-America in the Years 1766, 1767, and 1768. First edition. London: Printed for the author and sold by J. Walter, 1778. Hardcover bound in modern full red polished calf, gilt-lettered spine in six compartments, top edge gilt, 6 x 8.75, 543 pages pages. Book condition: G+/None, with scuffing to spine, short closed tear to frontispiece folding map and three very short closed tears to other folding map, and browning to title page.

An important publication documenting Massachusetts-born Jonathan Carver’s ambitious expedition in search of a Northwest Passage to the Pacific Ocean. Motivated by the substantial reward offered by the British crown and Parliament for successfully mapping a western route to the Pacific, Carver became the first English-speaking explorer to venture west of the Upper Mississippi River. His historically significant and immensely popular travel narrative is credited with helping inspire Lewis and Clark’s later explorations of the American West. References: Howes C215; Sabin 11184; Streeter Sale 1772. Starting Bid $200

The decipherer of the Rosetta Stone sends his books and papers to Florence

196. Jean Francois Champollion Autograph Note

Signed - The Decipherer of the Rosetta Stone. French scholar (1790–1832) who published the first translation of the Rosetta Stone hieroglyphs in 1822. ANS in French, signed “J. F. Champollion,” one page, 7 x 3.75, no date. Handwritten note, in part (translated): “I request that Mr. Marquis Melchiorri be so kind as to deliver to Messrs. Jullien and Lacouture, bankers in Rome, the books, papers, and stamps that he has removed from our room in the Hôtel de Frantz. These gentlemen will be so kind as to send them to me by the most prompt means in Florence to Mr. Vieusseux, Director of the Literary Cabinet.” In fine condition, with some trivial brushing to the ink. Champollion’s note offers a revealing glimpse into the practical realities of his Italian travels, as he arranges for books, papers, and stamps left in Rome to be forwarded to him in Florence. The figures named situate the letter within a learned Franco-Italian network: the Marquis Giuseppe Melchiorri was a Roman antiquarian and author of the ‘Guida metodica di Roma e suoi contorni,’ while Giovan Pietro Vieusseux was the influential founder of Florence’s Gabinetto Scientifico Letterario, a major 19th-century reading room and intellectual meeting place for European scholars and writers. From the personal collection of a lifelong collector, teacher, and traveler with a passion for world history. His collecting years ranged from the 1970s to the present day, meaning that several of the premier pieces have not been on the market in decades. Starting Bid $300

American West

204. Sam Houston Document Signed as Governor of Texas. Partly-printed DS, signed “Sam Houston,” one page, 14.75 x 12.5, January 5, 1861. As governor of the State of Texas, Houston grants William Harrington “seventy three and six tenths acres of land, situated…in Angelina County.” Signed at the conclusion in ink by Governor Sam Houston and countersigned by Commissioner of the General Land Office Francis Menefee White. Embossed twice with the Seal of Texas. In very good to fine condition, with scattered light soiling, and slight spreading to the ink throughout the body of the document.

Houston had been elected governor of Texas in 1859, becoming the only person to date to serve as governor of two states (he was governor of Tennessee from 1827 to 1829) and the only to be a former head of state to a foreign nation. After Lincoln’s election to the U.S. presidency in 1860, the Texas Secession Convention convened, with Houston fervently opposing the state’s secession. When Texas seceded in February 1861, and Houston refused to swear an oath of loyalty to the Confederacy, the legislature declared the governorship vacant. Houston did not recognize the validity of his removal, but he did not attempt to use force to remain in office, and he refused aid from the federal government to prevent his removal. His successor, Edward Clark, was sworn in in March 1861. Starting Bid $200

The faces of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West— Annie Oakley-signed book page and William F.

‘Buffalo Bill’ Cody-signed book, both dated 1905 during the tour’s celebrated run through France

205. Annie Oakley and William F. ‘Buffalo Bill’ Cody (2) Signed Items - The Two Greatest Stars of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West. Two items signed by Annie Oakley and William F. Cody, two of the most celebrated attractions of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World. The first is a vintage ink signature, “Annie Oakley, July the 29th 1905,” on a trimmed 3.25 x 5 book page featuring a printed portrait of “Miss Annie Oakley, Expert Lady Pistol Shot,” which is affixed by its top edge to a slightly larger backing sheet.

The second is a French-language book entitled (translated) ‘The Life, History, and Adventures of Colonel William F. Cody (‘Buffalo Bill’) by Rene d’Hubert, ‘Based on documents and information provided by his friend Col. W. F. Cody,’ published by the Partington Advertising Company of Paris in 1905, 5.25 x 7.5, 286 pages, hardcover with red boards and gilt designs and text, signed and inscribed on an opening page in bold ink, “With the Compliments of the subject, W. F. Cody, ‘Buffalo Bill,’ To Master White, Jr., Sep. 29th 1905.” The title page, which identifies the book as a ‘New Edition,’ bears a printed caption which reads: “This book was specially written on the occasion of Colonel Cody’s 1905 journey through France with his ‘Rough Riders of the World.’” Oakley is in fine condition; Cody has light staining and foxing to the signed page. Book condition: G-/None, with edgewear, chipping and repairs to the spine, and scuffing and rubbing to boards.

After arriving in Paris in March 1905, Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World established an enormous encampment on the Champ-de-Mars, presenting twice-daily performances beneath a massive tent reportedly measuring 125 meters long by 40 meters wide. Contemporary accounts describe immense crowds throughout the engagement, with millions attending during the show’s two-month Paris run alone. From there, Cody’s company embarked on an ambitious provincial tour through more than 100 French cities between April and November 1905, traveling virtually nonstop by rail and presenting elaborate frontier reenactments, cavalry exhibitions, and international riding demonstrations featuring hundreds of performers from numerous nations.

Annie Oakley joined Buffalo Bill’s Wild West in 1885 and quickly became its most celebrated performer after Cody himself. Renowned for her astonishing marksmanship, she achieved international fame during the troupe’s enormously successful European tours of the late nineteenth century, including appearances surrounding the 1889 Paris Exposition, which helped establish her as America’s first female superstar. Oakley’s career with Buffalo Bill ended after she suffered serious injuries in the organization’s devastating 1901 train wreck, though she remained a prominent public figure through later stage appearances, exhibitions, and advocacy for women’s shooting instruction. Starting Bid $500

The

outlaw on his prison canary:

“He would also turn summer saults, play that he was dead when told to do so, as well as dance”

206. Jim Younger Autograph Letter Signed on His Prison Pet, a Playful Canary: “He would also turn summer saults, play that he was dead when told to do so, as well as dance”. ALS, one page both sides, 7.5 x 11.25, no date. Handwritten letter to his old friend, Cora McNeill, under her married name, “Mrs. Deming,” in part: “Cole has ask me to say to you that he does not know the address of Mrs. Lull…Now before answering your questions of Books and Master Fritz I will first state that I am not a reader of fiction and that it would be impossible for me to tell you in a letter all that Fritz can do…Master Fritz will be 14 years old the next 10 day of April. He has at all times been free to go and come at his own sweet will, his open cage hanging over the mail table at which I work. He understands most all that is said to him and how to make his wants known. At one time before he came so near dying. I had him to drill every day, march up and down the mail table with a small stick under his wing…he would also turn summer saults, play that he was dead when told to do so, as well as dance, that is jump a round all over the table and chuckle as if laughing…He could do a great deal of mischief also, one of his tricks was to hide over the stair door waiting for visitors to pass through, and then jump down on some poor girl’s head who was shure to jump and scream and all others to laugh at her, as well as Fritz would be back on his pearch to join in the merriment. I was offered $250 in gold for him by a wealthy lady who he had frightened as described above.” In fine condition.

Cole and Jim Younger began their life of crime during the Civil War as members of the notorious Quantrill’s Raiders. The brothers avoided arrest longer than many other outlaws due to the sympathy and support of many of their fellow Confederate veterans. However, in 1876, the Younger luck ran dry when their attempted bank robbery in Northfield, Minnesota, went famously awry. Armed townsfolk disrupted the robbery, chased off the gang, and in the ensuing melee, two townspeople were killed. When the Youngers were finally captured, they were tried and sentenced to life imprisonment at the Minnesota State Prison in Stillwater—a guilty plea saved them from the hangman’s noose. After two years of legislative wrangling, a parole bill was passed in Minnesota’s legislature and Cole and Jim Younger were freed on July 10, 1901. After his release, Jim became engaged to Alix Mueller, but due to the terms of his parole, Jim was not legally allowed to marry. In 1900 he was listed as a farmer in the census and killed himself on October 19, 1902, in St. Paul, Minnesota.

Cora McNeill was born in St. Clair, Missouri, in 1862. She was an admirer of Cole and Jim Younger, and it is believed that she was a sweetheart of Jim’s before he went to prison. She continued her correspondence to both Jim and Cole while they were incarcerated in Minnesota following the botched Northfield bank robbery. She was married to Minneapolis judge George M. Bennett, who attempted to secure a pardon for the Younger brothers. Starting Bid $200

Scarce autographs by Lewis and Clark, referring a matter to James Monroe and rationing whiskey for the Chickasaw

207. Meriwether Lewis and William Clark (2) Autograph Documents Signed - Referring a Matter to James Monroe and Rationing Whiskey for the Chickasaw. Exceptional pairing of autograph material from the famed American explorers who led the Lewis and Clark Expedition of 1804–1806, featuring an ANS by Meriwether Lewis and an ADS by William Clark.

- ANS signed “M. Lewis,” one page, 8 x 2.5, no date but circa July 1801. Lewis writes, in full: “Note—I presume that Mr. Monroe if referred to will recollect this transaction.” On the reverse is a partial copy of a letter from Alexander Humphreys, also penned in Lewis’s hand; a second, detached section of the letter is also present. It reads, in part: “On my second trip to the City I made another application City I made another application but was treated with more impertenance and ungentlemanly conduct, than any mortal ever done before with impunity. How is it possible such a fellow is continued in office. You will oblige me by having the affair adjusted. Perhaps it will be better to let the affair go on in my na,e. Mr. Monroe will stand in need of a little money—If you cannot get the affair settled pray advance him a little and the receipt will be acknowledged.” By July 1801, Lewis was serving as Thomas Jefferson’s private secretary, but the origin of this matter probably dates from the late 1790s, when he was an army officer stationed in Virginia. It was here that he befriended Alexander Humphreys and James Monroe.

- ADS signed “Wm. Clark, Lt. 4 S.L.,” one page, 7.25 x 4, May 28, 1794. Stationed at Greenville, Ohio, Clark writes, in full: “Please to deliver for the use of the Chickasaw Indians one quart of Whiskey.” Clark signs as lieutenant in the Fourth SubLegion, a commission he received on March 7, 1792, during his service under General Anthony Wayne in the Northwest Territory. In 1793, Clark was placed in charge of a rifle corps that included several Chickasaw Indians, and by late May 1794 he had joined Wayne at Greenville shortly before the campaign that culminated in the decisive American victory at Fallen Timbers. This document dates from a pivotal moment in the struggle for control of the Old Northwest. Wayne’s campaign led to the Treaty of Greenville of August 3, 1795, which opened much of present-day Ohio to American settlement and secured strategic tracts westward for forts and portages, including the future site of Chicago at the mouth of the Chicago River.

In overall very good to fine condition, a light edge stain to to Clark, and a small area of seal-related edge loss and repairable separation along the central horizontal fold of the otherwise self-contained Lewis. A superb dual-explorer assemblage, uniting early, historically resonant autograph material from the two figures forever linked with the opening of the American West. Starting Bid $5000

Military

214. Samuel Adams and Artemas Ward Signed Massachusetts Council Document, Appointing a Nantucket County Probate Judge (1779). Revolutionary War-dated manuscript DS, signed “Sam’l Adams” and “Artemas Ward,” one page, 15.75 x 10, July 1779. Official Massachusetts Bay Council document appointing Grafton Gardner as judge of probate for Nantucket County, reading, in part: “The Government and People of the State of Massachusetts Bay…do hereby Constitute and appoint You to be Judge for taking the Probate of Wills of all or any person or persons deceased or that shall hereafter cease, being at the time of his or their Death, dwellers or residents in the County of Nantucket within Our State of the Massachusetts Bay in New England.” Signed along the left side in ink by Samuel Adams, Artemas Ward, and five additional Massachusetts Bay Council members, including Jeremiah Powell, Benjamin Greenleaf, Jabez Fisher, Benjamin White, and Isaiah Stone. The upper left corner retains its original embossed wax-and-paper state seal incorporating Paul Revere’s famed Minuteman design. Archivally mounted and framed to an overall size of 23 x 17.5. In very good to fine condition, with multiple tears to the top edge margin, and trimming to the edges and lower left quadrant; the bold signatures of Adams and Ward are completely unaffected. Issued at a turbulent moment in Revolutionary Massachusetts, the document reflects the wartime government’s effort to maintain civil authority over Nantucket, whose Quaker-majority population had attempted to remain neutral during the Revolution. Signed by Declaration signer Samuel Adams and Artemas Ward, president of the Massachusetts Executive Council and effectively the state’s wartime chief executive, it offers a compelling glimpse into the civil administration of Revolutionary Massachusetts. Starting Bid $200

Beaumarchais account detailing his personal financing of Baron von Steuben’s 1777 voyage to America

218. Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais

Document Signed for Financing Baron Friedrich von Steuben’s Passage to America in 1777. Watchmaker, inventor, musician, diplomat, fugitive, spy, publisher, arms dealer, and revolutionary (1732–1799) best known for his theatrical works, especially the three Figaro plays. Manuscript DS in French, signed “Caron De Beaumarchais,” one page, 14.5 x 9, October 20, 1785. Document headed “Mr. Baron von Steuben his account with Mr. Caron de Beaumarchais,” detailing for the Continental Congress his personal advance of 2,400 livres to Baron Frederich von Steuben for his passage to North America in 1777 in order to assist the Continental Army, plus later accrued expenses. In fine condition.

In 1776, the French government enlisted the famed playwright, financier, and political operator Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais to create a covert channel for sending arms, ammunition, and other war material to the rebelling American colonies without provoking open war with Great Britain. Beaumarchais established the fictitious trading house Roderigue Hortalez & Co., backed by millions of livres from France, Spain, and private investors, with repayment expected through American exports and Congressional settlement. The arrangement proved vital to the American cause, but its secrecy also created

lasting confusion: many in Congress came to regard the supplies as outright French gifts, while Beaumarchais insisted they were commercial advances requiring repayment. By war’s end, Silas Deane estimated that Congress owed Beaumarchais more than 3.6 million livres, though Congress repeatedly delayed and disputed the claim.

This account is especially desirable for its direct connection to Baron Friedrich von Steuben, whose arrival in America proved transformative for the Continental Army. In 1777, Beaumarchais advanced 2,400 livres to cover von Steuben’s passage to North America, enabling the Prussian officer to join Washington’s army at Valley Forge, where he imposed discipline and helped professionalize the American forces. By the date of this document in 1785, the original advance had grown substantially through accrued interest, reflecting both Beaumarchais’s personal financial burden and the young republic’s reluctance to resolve its wartime debts. He continued to press his claim without success, and only in 1835—more than three decades after his death—did Congress finally settle with his heirs for 800,000 francs. A superb Revolutionary War financial document linking Beaumarchais’s clandestine support of the American cause with von Steuben’s indispensable service to the Continental Army. Starting Bid $300

Henry Clinton reports on wartime progress in the American South: “As soon as the Province of Georgia was in possession of His Majesty’s Troops, a Superintendent of Imports and Exports was appointed”

221. Henry Clinton Revolutionary WarDated Letter Signed, Reporting on British Progress in the South. British general (1730–1795) who served as Commander-in-Chief in North America from 1778 to 1782. LS signed “H. Clinton,” one page both sides, 8 x 12.5, March 30, 1779. Letter to the “Right Honorable Lord George Germain,” in full: “As soon as the Province of Georgia was in possession of His Majesty’s Troops, a Superintendent of Imports and Exports was appointed, and among other Regulations a Proclamation was issued, a copy of which I have the honor to enclose, as it seems fully to answer the request of the Memorial transmitted in your Lordship’s Separate Letter of the 28th November to the King’s Commissioners. But that every attention may be paid to His Majesty’s faithful Subjects interested in the Provinces of Georgia and South Carolina, and His Majesty’s Wish fully complied with, I have transmitted to the Officer Commanding in Georgia, a copy of your Lordship’s Letter, and the Memorial, that he may make such further Regulations as his Situation will admit.” In fine condition, with short repaired fold splits, and old tape along the back right edge touching the end of the signature.

This letter reflects the British government’s efforts to consolidate control over the southern colonies during a pivotal phase of the American Revolutionary War. Following the successful British capture of Savannah in December 1778, Georgia became the first colony to be returned to royal authority, marking the opening of Britain’s ‘Southern Strategy,’ which aimed to rally Loyalist support and reestablish imperial administration in the South.

Sir Henry Clinton addresses Lord George Germain, the war minister in London, outlining measures taken to regulate trade and commerce in occupied Georgia, including the appointment of a superintendent of imports and exports and the issuance of proclamations intended to protect the interests of Loyalist merchants and property holders in Georgia and neighboring South Carolina. The letter illustrates both the administrative challenges of occupation and Britain’s attempt to legitimize and stabilize its rule in recaptured territories, even as the wider war continued to turn against imperial control. Starting Bid $200

French intelligence reports on Washington, Howe, and the blockade of the British: “If [Congress] were willing to renounce their pretentions toward independence, they would be given everything else”

236. Revolutionary War: (3) French Intelligence Reports (1778–1782) - “If [Congress] were willing to renounce their pretentions toward independence, they would be given everything else”. Three Revolutionary War–dated manuscripts in French, consisting of intelligence reports sent to the French Minister of War, totaling four pages on three sheets, measuring from 7.5 x 9 to 7.75 x 12, dated 1778 to 1782. Translated excerpts from each report:

February 9, 1778: “Captain Charles Jenkins…reports: that General Washington’s army…have taken up positions only a few miles from Germantown…in such a manner that it was impossible for Howe to forage; that the Jersey militia had been sent back to protect their own territory; that General Burgoyne…had not been permitted to sail to Rhode Island and…had been confined within certain limits around Winter Hill;…that it had been decided to attack Howe who had sent Mr. Willing to tell Congress that if they were willing to renounce their pretentions toward independence, they would be given everything else….Congress had commended this notorious spokesman to the… Security Council which threw him in prison. Our new army has never been so well equipped…or so courageous, and our new frigates are safe…above Philadelphia. Generals Gates and Putnam were in command at King’s Bridge, and the enemy…had no camp outside of that area. There have been a great number of captures and all articles have become cheap in price…. General Lee has been exchanged

for Prescott, and General Washington was considering not settling down at headquarters.”

September 30, 1778: “An American privateer…came …into port bringing the news that Comte d’Estaing had raised the blockade of New York to go to Rhode Island where 20,000 American troops had blockaded 7000 English, and that Admiral Howe…had approached and fired several cannon shots at him. He then immediately set sail to… join battle; a gust of wind separated them after several ships on both sides had been demasted. Admiral Howe then returned to New York.”

February 14, 1782: “We learn on the arrival of the Dutch war ship…that the French squadron has regained possession of Trinquemalles. This expedition was the consequence of the total defeat of the English… under the command of Admiral Hughes, himself taken prisoner on board the Superbe by the French vessel L’Annibal and the Sphinx; the French fleet was greatly superior to that of the English…Monsieur de Suffren was responsible for the Royal Admiral’s capture, having fought with her side by side for five and a half hours. The remainder of the English squadron is in a very bad state and has taken flight to gain the protection of the fort of Tanna. In Trinquemalles we took…750 English troops and 1500 Cypages. Captain Loyer…met up with a sinking ship from the English squadron and rounded up what was left of its crew…On board the Sphinx there are 55 dead and 24 wounded.” In overall fine condition. Starting Bid $200

240. Oliver Wolcott, Jr. Signed Connecticut Pay Order for a Deceased African American Continental Soldier, Prince Free (1783). American politician (1760-1833) who succeeded Alexander Hamilton as Secretary of the Treasury under Washington and Adams, and went on to serve as governor of Connecticut. Revolutionary War-dated partly-printed DS, signed “Oliv: Wolcott, Jr.,” one page, 8.5 x 6.5, June 19, 1783. Pay order form from the Connecticut Pay-Table Office, directing Treasurer John Lawrence to pay “Mr. Enock Lord Adm’r upon the Estate of Prince Free dec’d” a total of £7.9.10, “being the Balance found due to him for Service in the Continental Army in the year 1780.” Signed prominently at the conclusion by Oliver Wolcott, Jr. In fine condition, with light toning along the folds.

Prince Free was an African American soldier from Connecticut who served as a private in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War. He was among the many Black men, free and formerly enslaved, who served in

New England’s integrated regiments, enlisting in 1777 at a moment when Connecticut was actively recruiting soldiers of African descent to meet its troop quotas. Muster rolls record him on the sick list by late 1777, a grim but common fate in an army ravaged by disease. He died in service on January 6, 1778, before the war’s end.

This 1783 pay order is the paper trail of a debt the new nation owed him. Issued by the Connecticut Pay-Table Office and signed by Oliver Wolcott, Jr., the document directs state treasurer John Lawrence to pay £7.9.10 to Enoch Lord, administrator of Prince Free’s estate. The order specifies the sum as the “Balance found due” for Prince Free’s “Service in the Continental Army in the year 1780,” a curious notation given Free’s death two years earlier, and likely reflective of the delayed, often confusing accounting practices surrounding Revolutionary War military pay. The document survives as a rare record of the military service and postwar compensation of an African American Revolutionary War soldier. Starting Bid $300

At the height of his nation-building reforms, Atatürk signs a presidential commission appointing

Maxim Schurmann honorary consul of the Turkish Republic in Cologne

243. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Document Signed as President, Appointing Honorary Consul of the Turkish Republic in Cologne. Scarce partly-printed DS in Ottoman Turkish, signed “Gazi M. Kemal,” one page, 23.25 x 20.25, March 20, 1929. President Atatürk appoints Maxim Schurmann as honorary consul of the Turkish Republic in Cologne. Signed at the conclusion by President Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. The document, which features an ornate calligraphic “Gazi Mustafa Kemal” heading beneath a crescent-and-star emblem, was issued less than three months after the mandatory implementation of Atatürk’s landmark 1928 alphabet reform, and is particularly notable for its transitional presentation, combining Ottoman Turkish administrative script with prominent Latin-letter titling. Framed to an overall size of 25 x 21.75. In fine condition, with multiple vertical folds and scattered light

offsetting to the ink. The appointment reflects Atatürk’s effort to modernize Turkey and strengthen diplomatic and commercial relationships with Europe during the Republic’s early consolidation, at a time when Germany had emerged as one of the Turkish Republic’s leading commercial partners. According to the consignor, the document was originally presented to his great-grandfather, Maxim Schurmann, in recognition of his service to the Turkish Republic as honorary consul in Cologne, and descended through the family. The consignor further notes that Schurmann maintained commercial ties with Turkey during the early Republican period. An unusually substantial and historically significant Atatürk document issued during the height of the statesman’s nation-building reforms. Starting Bid $1000

Iconic triple-signed example of ‘Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima’

244. Iwo Jima Flag-Raisers Signed Photograph. Historic vintage glossy 8 x 10 photo of six United States Marines raising the American flag atop Mount Suribachi during the Battle of Iwo Jima, taken by Joe Rosenthal of the Associated Press on February 23, 1945, signed in ink by three survivors of the battle, “Ira H. Hayes, Pfc., U.S.M.C.,” “John H. Bradley, PhM2c, U.S. Navy,” and “Pfc. R. A. Gagnon, U.S.M.C.” In fine condition. Housed in a handsome custommade quarter-leather clamshell case.

The iconic moment caught in AP photographer Joe Rosenthal’s photograph was not appreciated until his film was processed on Guam several days later. When the dramatic importance of the flag raising photograph was understood, the Marines set out to find the servicemen depicted. Hayes, Bradley, and Gagnon, were identified as the three survivors and given a domestic reassignment to help raise funds for the Seventh War Loan drive. The trio toured the nation for two months with the flag and raised over $26 billion, twice the original goal.

We now know that Hayes is the only one of the three actually seen in Rosenthal’s photograph. Bradley had participated in an earlier flag-raising on Mount Suribachi and was long believed to appear in the image until later research showed that figure to be Marine Harold Schultz. Gagnon participated in the second flag-raising—delivering a larger replacement flag to the summit— but is not seen in Rosenthal’s famous photograph, initially mistaken for Harold Keller. These identities were not conclusively established until the 21st century. Nevertheless, this triple-signed photograph presents a phenomenal union of three unlikely heroes who, along with their fallen comrades, became the collective ‘face’ of World War II in the United States. Starting Bid $500

248.

Thaddeus Kosciuszko Third-Person Autograph

Letter Signed. Polish military engineer and a military leader (1746-1817) who became a national hero in Poland, Belarus, and the United States. ALS in French, signed “General Kosciuszko,” one page, 6.75 x 4.25, no date. Untranslated handwritten letter from Thaddeus Kosciuszko sent to Minister Crawford, declining to dine with him due to a prior engagement. Affixed to a 9.5 x 6.25 album page and in very good to fine condition, with scattered light stains. Starting Bid $200

249. James Wolfe Rare Document

Signed - The British Hero of the Seven Years’ War . British general (1727–1759 who achieved immortal fame at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham outside Quebec City, securing Canada for the British Empire but dying of his wounds at the moment of victory, making him one of history’s most celebrated martial heroes. Extremely rare manuscript DS, signed “Sir, You most obedient Servant, Jam: Wolfe,” one page, 9 x 3.5, June 27, 1752. Bill of exchange document, in part: “Eight days after sight pay to the order of Robert Finlay Thirty pounds sterling value received and place the sum to my account.” The document carries several endorsements on the reverse. In fine condition, with a small chip to the bottom edge, affecting nothing. Accompanied by a 1944 letter of sale from John Heise Autographs and an engraving after Benjamin West’s The Death of General Wolfe. Starting Bid $500

Aviation

252.

Hindenburg Disaster Collection of (7) Debris Fragments and (18) Original Candid Photographs of the Lakehurst Crash Site. Collection of seven debris fragments attested as salvaged from the wreckage of the LZ 129 Hindenburg, the famed rigid airship that burst into flames and crashed while attempting to land at Lakehurst Naval Air Station, New Jersey, on May 6, 1937. The relic group, which consists of assorted fabric, metal, and plastic fragments, is said to have been collected by United States Marine Howard L. Davis in the days following the disaster and is accompanied by 18 original snapshot photographs taken by Davis at the site of the crash.

The fragments include two irregular pieces of silvered exterior skin material, likely aluminum-coated doped fabric from the dirigible’s outer covering; a vivid red fabric remnant and a larger maroon-brown textile section, possibly from treated fabric covering or interior material; two twisted and heat-affected metal fragments, including a machined strip with evenly spaced semicircular cutouts and another riveted structural piece; and a translucent ambercolored plastic fragment. The pieces display varying degrees of oxidation, deformation, and burn exposure consistent with the destruction of the airship.

Included are 18 original glossy 2.75 x 1.75 snapshot photographs taken at the Lakehurst crash site, most depicting the collapsed duralumin framework and burned skeletal remains of the Hindenburg from varying distances and perspectives. Several images show expansive views of the twisted wreckage scattered across the landing field, while others offer closer studies of the exposed structural ribs and debris. Two photographs diverge from the primary wreckage imagery, one appearing to show a flagpole and shoreline or parade-ground scene with military vehicles in the distance, and another depicting a group of figures lying or resting in a field. In overall very good to fine condition.

Accompanied by a signed provenance letter from a descendant of the original owner, explaining that the relics and photographs descended through the family of Howard L. Davis, a United States Marine stationed at the New York Navy Yard between April 1937 and June 1938. According to the family account, Davis visited Lakehurst within days of the disaster, either in an official capacity or independently, and recovered the fragments while photographing the crash scene. The letter states, in part: “He recovered the fragments and took several original photographs of the scene. These items have remained in our family since that time and have been passed down through generations to my husband and myself.” Starting Bid $200

Space Exploration

255. Robert H. Goddard Signed Smithsonian Illustration Plate from “Liquid-Propellant Rocket Development”. Physicist and inventor (1882–1945) credited with creating and building the world’s first liquid-fueled rocket. Desirable signed illustration plate from “Liquid-Propellant Rocket Development” by Robert H. Goddard, removed from Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections (Vol. 95, No. 3, 16 March 1936), 9.5 x 6.25, featuring two monochrome plate images: the first showing Goddard standing outdoors with a gyroscope stabilizer in his hands, and the second showing Goddard and two assistants testing gyroscope and directing vanes before a flight by inclining and rotating a rocket suspended from a 20-foot tower. Signed in the lower left margin in blue ink, “R. H. Goddard.” The reverse bears two additional related rocketdevelopment images, showing a clock mechanism on the recording telescope and a concrete dugout constructed near the launch tower for close-range observation. In fine condition, with the signature a shade or two light. Starting Bid $200

Four-foot-tall educational model of the mighty Saturn V rocket

261. NASA Saturn V Educational Display Model - 4 Feet Tall. Impressive vintage educational and display model of the Saturn V launch vehicle, produced by the Graphic Engineering and Models Branch at NASA’s George C. Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. The finely detailed multi-material model stands approximately 48? tall and depicts the Apollo-era Saturn V with accurately rendered first, second, and third stages, Instrument Unit section with visible lunar module, the Apollo spacecraft, the launch escape tower, and a detailed F-1 engine cluster at the base. The rocket is set on a square 8.25˝ x 8.25˝ wooden display base bearing an affixed plate and a small figurine. Includes its original, well-used storage case, which measures 26.5˝ x 9.5˝ x 13.5˝. In very good condition, with scattered surface wear, such as cracking and loss to paint, chips, and soiling; the small LM bears chips and wear; the launch escape tower may not be original to the model. In spite of its flaws, this large-scale educational Saturn V model remains an impressive representation of NASA’s legendary Apollo-era heavy-lift launch vehicle.

Due to the size, weight, and/or fragile nature of this item, we ask that you call RR Auction for a shipping quote. Starting Bid $500

Archive of more than 100 items including astronaut signatures, signed books, philatelic material, and space memorabilia spanning the full arc of America’s manned spaceflight program from Project Mercury through the Space Shuttle era

256. Space Exploration Archive (100+ Items) from the Clifford Hochman Collection, Spanning Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, Skylab, ASTP, and the Space Shuttle Era. Archive of space memorabilia spanning the full arc of America’s manned spaceflight program, from Project Mercury through the Space Shuttle era, assembled over many years by Clifford Hochman. The collection encompasses astronaut autographs, mission-related philatelic material, signed books, display pieces, models, and documentary archives associated with the major figures and milestones of the Space Age.

The archive contains astronaut signatures representing nearly every major figure of the American space program. Mercury astronauts represented include John Glenn, Alan Shepard, Scott Carpenter, Gordon Cooper, Wally Schirra, and Deke Slayton, highlighted by a framed display featuring 18 Mercury astronaut autographs, souvenir typescripts from We Seven signed by Glenn and Slayton, signed NASA lithographs, and multiple signed memoirs and presentation volumes. Apollo-era material includes signed items from moonwalkers Buzz Aldrin, Alan Bean, Charles Conrad, Edgar Mitchell, Jim Irwin, Alan Shepard, and Gene Cernan, alongside crew-signed launch covers, photographs, books, and mission-related documents representing Apollo 11, 12, 14, 15, and 17. The archive also includes signed material from Skylab, Gemini, ASTP, and Shuttle astronauts, including a crew-signed oversized STS-2 launch photograph signed by Joe Engle and Richard Truly.

Signed books and media items throughout the archive include Apollo: The Panoramas signed by Apollo 16 moonwalker Charlie Duke; two copies of The Wonder of It All DVD signed by Harrison Schmitt; Michael Collins’s Carrying the Fire signed by the Apollo 11 command module pilot; a Russian-language Apollo-Soyuz Test Project volume signed by Soviet cosmonauts Alexei Leonov and Valeri Kubasov; Chuck Yeager’s signed autobiography Yeager; Return of the Enola Gay signed by Paul Tibbets; and Norman Mailer’s signed Of a Fire on the Moon. Additional volumes include multiple copies of Andrew Chaikin’s A Man on the Moon, Moonfire, Space Shuttle: The History of the National Space Transportation System, Moonshots & Snapshots of Project Apollo, Spaceshots & Snapshots of Projects Mercury & Gemini, and numerous other works devoted to astronaut biography, lunar exploration, Shuttle history, Soviet spaceflight, and aerospace engineering. The archive further includes five binders of unflown NASA first-day covers, mission-related philatelic material, NASA fact sheets, and official NASA publications organized by subject and program, including Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, Skylab, and ASTP. Display material and memorabilia include Apollo-themed glass paperweights by John Gentile, a porcelain Lladró Apollo landing figurine, a signed Vitaly Myagkov lithograph, a 1:200 Saturn V model, a 1:200 Space Shuttle Discovery model, and a 1:48 Apollo Lunar Module/Command Service Module display model. In overall fine condition.

From the collection of Clifford Hochman. Starting Bid $500

264. Apollo A7LB Educational Mock-Up EVA Spacesuit Ensemble. Educational spacesuit mock-up of an Apollo A7LB lunar Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU), constructed of off-white fabric intended to resemble the appearance of Beta cloth, with a NASA ‘meatball’ patch to the chest, American flag patch to the left shoulder, black helmet neck ring, wrist disconnect-style cuffs, simulated umbilical connectors, snap pockets, and rear entry panel. Included with the suit are a pair of matching mock-up EVA gloves with gray fingertip caps, a single lunar overshoe-style boot, an equipment pouch resembling a Portable Life Support System (PLSS) utility or stowage pouch, and a simulated suit control or communications component with status indicators and a selector switch. In very good to fine condition, with overall light wear and soiling. Starting Bid $300

271. Apollo 11 Crew-Signed Print. Desirable color 8 x 10 A.A.A. Novelty Co. lithograph of an artist’s portrayal of the Apollo 11 crew as ‘Pioneers to the Moon,’ signed in felt tip, “Neil Armstrong,” “Buzz Aldrin,” and “M. Collins.” Affixed toward the bottom is a ‘First Man on the Moon’ postage stamp, with ‘First Day of Issue’ cancellation. In very fine condition. Starting Bid $300

Art, Architecture, and Design

“I only have her to finish these darned drawings which are dragging horribly”

281. Edgar Degas Autograph Letter Signed: “I only have her to finish these darned drawings which are dragging horribly”. Important French painter and sculptor (1834–1917) regarded as one of the founders of Impressionism. ALS in French, signed “Degas,” one page, 4.25 x 6.75, no date. Handwritten letter by the celebrated artist, in full: “I beg of you my dear Jeannot not to keep her long. I only have her to finish these darned drawings which are dragging horribly.” In fine condition. From the personal collection of a lifelong collector, teacher, and traveler with a passion for world history. His collecting years ranged from the 1970s to the present day, meaning that several of the premier pieces have not been on the market in decades. Starting Bid $200

285. Pablo Picasso Signed First Day Cover. FDC honoring Human Rights Day, postmarked at the United Nations in New York on December 10, 1956, signed in felt tip, “Picasso.” Matted and framed with a print of his 1918 painting Still Life to an overall size of 19 x 21. In fine condition. Starting Bid $200

Christopher Wren certifies Restoration-era expenses for maintenance of “ye Privvey Garden”

287. Christopher Wren Document Signed, Tending to the Privy Garden. Distinguished and influential British architect (1632–1723) who played a leading role in the rebuilding of London following the devastating Great Fire of 1666, and whose St. Paul’s Cathedral takes a place among the greatest designs in the history of architecture. Manuscript DS, signed “Ch. Wren,” one page, 7 x 10, March 4, 1679/1680. Document headed, “A bill for ye Privvey Garden beginning ye 29 of September: 1679: and Ending ye 23 of December of 79,” recording expenses connected to work on the Privy Garden, possibly at Hampton Court, listing wages and materials for a 13-week period, including payments to workers “Will: Waite,” “Stonen Fagg,” “John Elanson,” “Tho Hawthornwhite,” and “Robert Lewitt,” as well as costs for granite, dung, turfes, young setts and trees, laborers, cleansing the gallery, shells,

nails, brooms, sharpening scythes, caskets, repairing wheelbarrows, cold frames, and “a mopp,” amounting to a total of £94.11.0. Signed at the conclusion in ink by Christopher Wren, likely in his capacity as the King’s Surveyor of Works. Nicely double-matted with an engraved portrait to an overall size of 19 x 17. In fine condition.

An appealing Restoration-period architectural document signed by Sir Christopher Wren, one of England’s greatest architects and the famed designer of St. Paul’s Cathedral. Signed financial accounts by Wren relating to royal works are especially desirable, offering a tangible link to his official responsibilities as Surveyor of the King’s Works and to the maintenance and improvement of the Stuart royal landscape. Starting Bid $300

Literature

Hemingway reports on his ‘Dangerous Summer’ of bullfights in Spain:

“Bull fighting doesn’t make sense either but God how Antonio does it”

300. Ernest Hemingway Autograph Letter Signed from His ‘Dangerous Summer’ of Bullfights in Spain: “Bull fighting doesn’t make sense either but God how Antonio does it”. ALS signed “I love you, Big Kitten,” adding his personal symbol—a sketch of three mountains with “KUSS” at center—three pages both sides, 8.5 x 10.75, Hotel Suecia, Madrid letterhead, August 20, 1959. Handwritten letter to his wife Mary, “My dearest Kitten,” in full: “Not bad weather here. Was cold under the sheet alone. Wonderful ride down. Too fast. Mario at his fastest 160 Kph on the good stretches. (We were late getting away having to attend Herby sick) with sick headache. His 18 hr drive ruined him. He’s very fragile really and too underweight for that sort of thing. So he missed Ciudad Real where Antonio was unbelievable 5 ears, 2 tails, two hoofs. Hotch [A. E. Hotchner] did the Paseo as Sobre-solamente and looked great. I loaded him in Yarreros and he did wonderfully. We got back to Hotel in time to eat at Coelyon and then were delayed getting off in the morning having to find someone to take Pembroke Cozal and my letter to you and having to make a definite entry on with my passport etc. That was why Mario drove so fast. Car and road so good that it was safe and he drove fast but carefully. Bilboa very stuffy. Everybody with ties, as usual in Spanish hotel no place to write, am sitting on a chair with no cushions on it and writing on dresser.

Antonio was almost as wonderful as at Malaga or Ciudad Real on two bulls day before yest[erday] ears and tails. Miguel bad yesterday. Nerves bad, can’t go on to kill, reflexes shot and his knee hurts him from that Malaga tossing. He behaves beautifully in adversity but where the horns are not sleaved (as yesterday) he is terribly scared. At Dax they were sleaved but he couldn’t get going even that way. He had the one surge of comeback in Malaga—But the tossing there took his confidence. He always asks about you and sends loving messages. Keep close with him to be loyal and honest and to observe truly. We’ve stayed good friends. Antonio is like a lion—I mean the huge lion at Roy’s little Theater. He’s cut the ears of everything he’s fought since you saw him except one bad bull in Santander. He fights this afternoon with Jaime and that miserable Miguelia. Honey there’s no fight at Antequera—It’s Almagro. Antonio is fighting 26th at Santander now. But we’ll come home from Almagro where we meet you and Annie to go to Puerto Santa Maria.

Tell Rene to sell the cow please. Don’t know what correction you mean in cable about Antonio’s fees in May. Don’t think it sounds worth correcting. Am getting terrific stuff. Drink wine only and not

too much. Have done my duty with Don Andre’s sister and brother in law… Betty Bogart [Lauren Bacall] showed up yesterday with some very nice Peruvian French Spanish countess named Nicole that you would like. I met her at Bayonne. Mario has just been in touch with our papers insurance, etc. etc. all in Italian and have lost train of thought. He’s flying back tomorrow night to Rome. Yesterday Negro [Bill Davis], Hotch, Pecos and Pecos II drove over the mountains to Bermeo where the F—— threw the Italians into the sea.

They certainly looked capable of it. I explained the car was Italian but not us. Hotch took good pictures. Valerie did not go as was at Dentists. Herby sleeping on cot in her bath room. Feria. But is a stuffy feria. Bullfighters in neckties made curse elegance. I can’t achieve true elegance as left my shoes in Bayonne when made the fast air plane exit and am in the Navaho mocassins so can only be elegant to the ankles. Will pick up shoes on way to Dax day after tomorrow. The way Miguel looked and fought yesterday I think he might well cancel out his fights for next 6 or 8 days. But you cant tell. Antonio has him whipped [Miguel in fact gets badly gored by a bull that day and almost died]. But yesterday was first time his fear really showed. Think I’ve about handled everything except how much I love my Kitten and how much I miss you. The life, the hours, the road and the strain are impossible as you know. But night before last, after the Antonio fight I went right to bed, read, and ate in bed while the others went out and yesterday had good healthy day in the country. We went out to excellent Basque restaurant last night. Lois and V[alerie] both got ill I think from drinking the too heavy red wine too fast at the Bar while the food was being prepared. L. Bacall pretty strident while telling us all we didn’t know what a great fighter Luis Miguel is etc. She’s like a baseball fan for the Dodgers. Not like someone who knows or who is trying to learn. Antonio asked me to send you his love when I write. Here it is.

Please give my best love to Annie. Hope you got car fixed up OK and had a good trip…I wish I was coming down the stairs to the pool now. Please kiss Annie and Hercules the dog for me. This is about as tough a schedule as Napoleon’s retreat from Moscow only we are the Cossacks and L. Miguel is Napoleon. Am afraid he will soon board his coach with Caulaincourt and then I’ll be Ney again for Scribners and Life—an easy role and doesn’t quite make sense. But bull fighting doesn’t make sense either but God how Antonio does it. All my love and at Almagro.” In fine condition. Accompanied by a custom-made quarter-leather presentation folder.Starting Bid $1000

Hand-annotated original hunting photograph from Ernest Hemingway’s

‘Green Hills of Africa’ safari, circa 1933–34

301. Ernest Hemingway Hand-Annotated Original Photograph from His 1933–34 East African Safari. Original vintage glossy 4.75 x 3.75 photograph of Ernest Hemingway’s second wife, Pauline, posing with a prize gazelle on the Serengeti, annotated on the reverse in fountain pen by Hemingway, “Pauline H., with Robertsi Gazelle.” In very fine condition.

Ernest Hemingway’s 1933–34 East African safari was a three-month hunting expedition in Tanganyika (modern-day Tanzania) and Kenya, funded by his wife Pauline’s uncle. Lasting from December 1933 to February 1934, this trip inspired his book Green Hills of Africa and influenced stories such as ‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro’ and ‘The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber.’ For Hemingway, the safari mixed sport, danger, ego, and literary material, becoming part of the rugged public image he cultivated. Starting Bid $500

One of Hemingway’s last recorded letters, sent from the Mayo Clinic in 1961

302. Ernest Hemingway Letter Signed from Mayo Clinic, 1961 - One of Hemingway’s Last Recorded Letters. LS, signed “Ernest Hemingway,” one page both sides, 5.5 x 8.5, January 15, 1961. Letter to the Ray P. Gates Company, in part: “You can find Bumby, they call him Jack, now, at 301 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California. Where he works; for Merrill, Lynch, Pierce, Fenner, and Smith, Inc. I know he’d be glad to hear from you, so let him know where you are. When we ran the recon into Paris the head of the Army, Le Clerc and Co., went a little to the left of where you guys were at school together. Thanks very much for writing me here. Everything is under control, they tell me now and it’s only a matter of holding the weight down to a poundage that is difficult for me to make, but not impossible. Should be finished here the end of this week. Best always and I hope we will meet again before too long.” In fine condition. Accompanied by the original mailing envelope, postmarked at Rochester, Minnesota, with a penciled annotation on the reverse: “Dictated to and written by nurse—signed by Hemingway at Mayo Clinic.” Accompanied by a 1990 newspaper article about the letter, in part: A Santa Rosa Beach man who says he has the very last

letter ever written by Ernest Hemingway won’t part with it. Not even for $35,000. That’s how much Roy P. Gates Jr., 68, has been offered for the handwritten letter dated Jan. 15, 1961 - the last recorded date of known correspondence from the writer before he took his own life in July of that year. Whether it is the last letter, however, is uncertain… Gates’ relationship to Hemingway is marginal. It was Gates’ filmmaker father that knew the writer. However, Roy developed a friendship with Hemingway’s first son, Jack, when the two were roommates in a private school in France called Ecole du Mont Cel. The school was bought by Cartier and has since become a contemporary art museum. Gates said he also spent time with Ernest Hemingway at his now famous house in Key West. That was where he last saw the writer in 1938. Gates’ next and last contact with Hemingway was a letter he sent to the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., where the writer was receiving shock treatments for manic depression.” From the personal collection of a lifelong collector, teacher, and traveler with a passion for world history. His collecting years ranged from the 1970s to the present day, meaning that several of the premier pieces have not been on the market in decades. Starting Bid $300

Lawrence of Arabia’s hand-drawn map of Crusader castles—“Upper Syria, Shewing chief routes & the intervisibility of the Castles of the Northern System”

305. T. E. Lawrence Hand-Drawn Map of the Crusader Castles of Upper Syria. British archaeologist, soldier, adventurer, and writer (1888-1935) immortalized in the epic 1962 screen biography Lawrence of Arabia. He attained international renown for his role as British liaison in the Arab Revolt of 1916-1918, which he recounted in his best-selling memoir Seven Pillars of Wisdom. Hand-drawn map of Syria accomplished by T. E. Lawrence, one onionskin page, 15 x 19.5, traced from a map made by H. Pirie-Gordon in 1908 and reproduced, after redrawing, as a large folding map in the first edition of Crusader Castles (1936), Lawrence’s influential study of 12th-century Crusader castles and their relation to Western military architecture. Lawrence captions the map in the right margin: “Upper Syria, Shewing chief routes & the intervisibility of the Castles of the Northern System. A line [purple] from one place to the other signifies that the two are mutually visible. [Yellow line] Chief Routes. From C.H.C. Pirie-Gordon, 1908.” Lawrence extensively annotates the map, covering it with the names of towns and castles, further annotating the routes and sight lines in yellow and purple pencil. In very good to fine condition, with intersecting folds, scattered light foxing, and some small losses and edge separations, with reinforcement backing strip at the top edge.

This map traces its origin to H. Pirie-Gordon— traveler, scholar, journalist, and intimate of the enigmatic Baron Corvo—who drafted the original during an 1908 horseback journey through Syria and Palestine. Lawrence encountered Pirie-Gordon in London in May 1909, at a pivotal moment: the young Oxford undergraduate was actively preparing for his own Syrian expedition, undertaken on foot and alone that summer, to survey Crusader fortifications for his BA thesis. For that demanding solo trek, Lawrence carried with him Pirie-Gordon’s annotated maps as his guide through the region.

Returning to Oxford in the autumn of 1909, Lawrence completed the writing of his thesis over the winter months—possibly the period during which these careful tracings were made. The thesis earned him his degree and secured a traveling fellowship that led directly to his celebrated archaeological work at Carchemish. It was first published in 1936, expanded with letters home, under the title Crusader Castles; for that edition, the map offered here was redrawn for publication.

Pirie-Gordon himself recounts his meeting with Lawrence and the loan of his maps in a contribution to the landmark tribute volume T. E. Lawrence by His Friends (pp. 73–75). Starting Bid $300

Marquis de Sade Autograph Letter Signed During His Confinement at CharentonDetailing a Bitter Financial Dispute Over Pledged Books and Mounting Debts

306. Marquis de Sade Autograph Letter Signed from the Charenton Insane Asylum. ALS in French, signed “Sade,” one page, written on both sides, 6 x 8, no date (circa 1806-1807). Untranslated handwritten letter from the Marquis de Sade, likely composed during his confinement at the asylum-prison of Charenton, recounting the history of a financial and legal dispute arising from the pledge of books as security for a debt. Writing in the form of an “Historique de l’affaire [Philipou],” Sade explains that, during a period of imprisonment, he was obliged to place books in pledge for 1700 livres, describing their removal to storage and the mounting costs associated with their deposit. He complains of accumulating interest and storage fees that rendered the expense “très considérable,” accuses the opposing party of usurious and dishonest conduct, and details failed attempts at an amicable settlement before the matter escalated into formal legal proceedings. The letter concludes with a discussion of proposed repayment through several lettres de change, or bills of exchange, including payments due in 1807. In fine

condition, with a tape-repaired tear to the left side, and a small puncture hole. A highly personal financial memorandum from the notoriously embattled Marquis de Sade, illuminating the practical burdens of debt, legal disputes, and daily life during his final years of confinement at Charenton.

The Marquis de Sade was sent to the Charenton asylum twice over the course of his turbulent life. His first stay came in July 1789, when he was transferred there from the Bastille amid the chaos of the French Revolution, though he was released in April the following year. More than a decade later, in 1801, Sade was confined at Charenton again, this time by order of the Napoleonic Consulate, which viewed his writings as dangerous to public morality. Unlike his earlier confinement, this second stay proved final. Sade spent the last thirteen years of his life at Charenton, where he continued to write, socialize, and even stage theatrical performances, remaining there until his death in 1814. Starting Bid $300

307. Ivan Turgenev Autograph Letter Signed. Highly influential Russian author (1818–1883) whose 1862 novel Fathers and Sons remains one of the pillars of 19th-century literature. ALS in German, signed “Iw. Turgenjew,” one page, 5 x 7.5, January 22, 1883. Handwritten letter to Herrn M. E. Berg, in full (translated): “Please find enclosed the sum of fifty marks for the Eckert pension from 1 January 83 to 1 July 83, for which you sent me the receipt.” In fine condition. From the personal collection of a lifelong collector, teacher, and traveler with a passion for world history. His collecting years ranged from the 1970s to the present day, meaning that several of the premier pieces have not been on the market in decades. Starting Bid $200

308. Jules Verne Autograph Letter Signed. Versatile ALS in French, signed “Jules Verne,” one page, 4.25 x 3, January 21, 1893. Handwritten letter to Tracy Moncy-Kyrle, in part (translated): “I have the honor to present my best compliments, as to an unknown and likeable friend, of whom I call myself.” Double-matted and framed with a portrait to an overall size of 10 x 16. In fine condition.Starting Bid $300

Voltaire writes from Ferney, 1763:

“It is true that I can no longer perform the comedy”

309. Voltaire Letter Signed to the Prince of Ligne: “It is true that I can no longer perform the comedy”. Versatile French Enlightenment writer (1694–1778) best remembered for his satirical work Candide. LS in French, signed “V,” one page, 6 x 8, November 26, 1763. Letter to the Prince of Ligne, in full (translated): “Receive, Prince, along with the thanks of my niece and our children, those of an old man, for every age is equally sensitive to your merit. It is true that I can no longer perform the comedy, but for this pleasure as for all those that I must renounce, I love seeing it in others. My enjoyment is in knowing that they are enjoying themselves. I desire to see you again amid our mountains more than I expect to do so. The appearance that you made there has left us with regrets that will last a long time. We would be too happy if we were capable of possessing you, as we are of loving and respecting you. The sick old man fulfills these two duties perfectly.” In fine condition. Accompanied by an engraved portrait of the celebrated writer.

Written from Voltaire’s retreat at Ferney in the French Alps, this warm 1763 letter reflects the aging philosopher’s cultivated role as host, correspondent, and theatrical patron, even as ill health kept him from performing himself. Addressed to the Prince de Ligne, it mingles affection and graceful self-deprecation, praising the prince’s charm while presenting Voltaire’s household as still animated by the sociable pleasures of theater, conversation, and enlightened friendship. From the personal collection of a lifelong collector, teacher, and traveler with a passion for world history. His collecting years ranged from the 1970s to the present day, meaning that several of the premier pieces have not been on the market in decades. Starting Bid $300

Handwritten draft page from Webster’s landmark American Dictionary of the English Language

310. Noah Webster Handwritten Dictionary Draft Page: “Blockish” through “Bloodless”. Author and lexicographer (1758–1843) who published the first comprehensive dictionary of American English. Unsigned handwritten manuscript by Noah Webster, one page both sides, 7.75 x 10, being a fragment from a manuscript draft for the “B” section of his historic dictionary, in which Webster defines “Blockish” through “Bloodless.” The lengthiest entry is for “Blood,” which carries a thirteenpart definition, in part: “1. The red fluid which circulates through the vessels of the human body, & of the larger animals, which is essential to the preservation of life. If the fluid of an animal is not red, such animal is called exsanguinous. 2. Kindred; relation by natural descent from a common ancestor; consanguinity. ‘God hath made of one blood all nations of the earth’…8. Fleshly nature, the carnal part of man; as opposed to spiritual nature or divine life…10. A sacramental symbol of the blood of Christ. ‘This is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for the remission of sins’…11. The death & sufferings of Christ. ‘Being now justified by his blood, we shall be saved from wrath through him’…Temper of mind; state of passions; but in this sense, accompanied with ‘cold’ or ‘warm,’ or other qualifying word—as to commit an act in cold blood, is to do it deliberately & without sudden passion.” Framed with glass on both sides to an overall size of 9.5 x 11.75. In fine condition, with a small, easily repaired detached piece to the upper right corner.

Webster published his first dictionary in 1806, entitled A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language. This he followed by compiling an expanded, comprehensive dictionary that also traced the etymology of words-this, called An American Dictionary of the English Language, took 26 years to complete; in the final version, the entry for “Blood” was expanded to fifteen definitions. Starting Bid $1000

Music

In his capacity as Royal and Imperial Court Kapellmeister, Antonio Salieri signs an official court certification for a lauded Viennese organ builder in 1798, the very year Beethoven dedicated his Violin Sonatas, Op. 12, to his former teacher in vocal composition

312. Antonio Salieri Signed Document

Certifying the Imperial Court Service of Viennese Organ Builder Johann Friedrich Ferstl (1798). Manuscript DS in German, signed “Ant. Salieri, Maestro di Capella della Corte Imperiale,” one page, 9.5 x 15, April 9, 1798. Official manuscript certification issued in Salieri’s capacity as imperial court Kapellmeister, attesting to the distinguished service of the late Viennese organ builder Johann Friedrich Ferstl within the Habsburg court and chapel establishment. In part (translated): “That the late Johann Friedrich Ferstl, court organ-maker, had been employed as an actual member of the imperial and royal court chapel—that he rendered personal service both here in the city at court church services and court chamber music performances, as well as outside the country at coronations and ceremonies—that he therefore had been a true court servant and, as such, directly attached to the highest court establishment, is hereby certified.” Signed prominently at the conclusion by Salieri as imperial court music director. The document retains its original red lacquer seal bearing a crowned monogram. In fine condition.

Johann Friedrich Ferstl (ca. 1720-1785) ranked among the notable organ builders of eighteenth-century Vienna and is known to have constructed the organ for the Hofburg chapel, with additional instruments attributed to him at several important Viennese court and ecclesiastical sites, including Schönbrunn Palace. Salieri, one of the dominant musical figures of the late Habsburg court, served as court Kapellmeister under Joseph II and his successors, overseeing Vienna’s musical life during the era of Mozart and Beethoven. At the time this document was signed, Beethoven was completing his Violin Sonatas, Op. 12, dedicated to Salieri as his teacher in vocal composition, reflecting Salieri’s central position within Vienna’s musical establishment at the close of the century. An exceptional imperial court document linking two important figures of Viennese musical culture. Starting Bid $1000

317. AC/DC Signed Album - Flick of the Switch. Flick of the Switch album by AC/DC, signed on the front cover in felt tip by Cliff Williams, Malcolm Young, Brian Johnson, Phil Rudd, and Angus Young, with most members adding “AC/DC” after their signature. The consignor notes that the signatures were obtained in Sweden in the late 1980s. In very good condition, with a small area of surface loss to the upper right corner, and a heavy diagonal crease to the bottom. The record is not included. Accompanied by a certificate of authenticity from Tracks. Starting Bid $200

Rare early Beatles Parlophone ‘A-label’ 45 RPM demo single of ‘Love Me Do’—the first official pressing featuring John, Paul, George, and Ringo on the same single

321. Beatles 45 RPM ‘Demonstration Record’ Single for ‘Love Me Do / P.S. I Love You,’ with ‘McArtney’ Misspelling. Extremely rare Parlophone ‘A-label’ 45 RPM demonstration single of ‘Love Me Do’ / ‘P.S. I Love You’ by the Beatles, with “McArtney” misspelling and catalogue number “45–R 4949.” This unique demo was the first official pressing featuring John, Paul, George, and Ringo on the same single (pressed in September 1962), and only 250 copies of the disc were produced and sent to radio stations for promotion. Record label matrix numbers on side A (7XCE 17144 1N) and B (7XCE 17145 1N), with stamped tax codes of “ZT” and “JR.” Includes the original ‘Top Pop’ sleeve. In fine condition.

Perhaps most interesting about this single is the rarity of the music itself—only the first UK pressings used the ‘Love Me Do’ track recorded in the studio with Ringo Starr as the drummer. Dissatisfied with Ringo’s work, producer George Martin hired Andy White as a session drummer and had them record a second version. All future British pressings of the single, the American release, and their Please Please Me debut album used the track featuring White on the drums; the version of the song on this 45 has only been sporadically re-released on compilation albums of rare or unusual Beatles recordings. Starting Bid $1000

Exceptionally rare multi-signed program for the 1965 Royal World Premiere of Help!, autographed

in full by the

Beatles with Jane Asher, Pattie Boyd, and Victor Spinetti

320. Beatles Fully Signed Help! Royal World Premiere Program. Vintage program from the royal world premiere of the Beatles’ second feature film, Help!, held at the London Pavilion in Piccadilly Circus on July 29, 1965, 8 x 10.5, signed and inscribed on the back cover in red ballpoint, “To John (Cuz) and Linda (on the other one) Paul (McCartney),” “To John, Best wishes, Ringo Starr,” and “John Lennon,” and in felt tip, “George Harrison.” The back cover is also signed by McCartney’s girlfriend, Jane Asher, Harrison’s girlfriend, Pattie Boyd, and actor Victor Spinetti, who starred in Help! as the mad scientist Foot; Spinetti draws a self-portrait sketch above. In very good to fine condition, with light soiling and creasing, a few small stains, and general handling wear. Accompanied by a certificate of authenticity from Tracks.

Inspired by the Goon Show and the Marx Brothers classic Duck Soup, Help! saw the Fab Four tackling comedy with a James Bond twist, fending off an evil cult from seizing a sacrificial ring attached to Ringo’s hand. The enormous premiere was attended by Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon, and the Earl of Snowdon, and despite not earning as many rave reviews as A Hard Day’s Night, the film has since been credited for influencing the development of music videos. A truly rare, multi-signed piece of Beatles history, as only a handful of fully signed Help! programs have turned up in the 60 years since this event took place. Starting Bid $5000

322. Beatles Signatures. Vintage ballpoint signatures of the Beatles — “John Lennon,” “Paul McCartney,” “George Harrison,” and “Ringo Starr” — on individual off-white slips, each approximately 3.25 x 1.5, affixed to a larger backing sheet measuring 7.5 x 4.75. Three slips feature clipped portraits of the band members. In very good to fine condition, with close clipping nipping the tops of two letters in Paul’s first name. Starting Bid $300

325. Beatles: John Lennon Signature. Vintage ballpoint signature and inscription, “To Joan, love, John Lennon,” on the reverses of a 3.5 x 2 Graviner Inc. business card, annotated on the front by the collector: “PanAm Clipper Club J.F.K. Airport, 12/4/74.” In fine condition. Starting Bid $300

337. Bob Dylan Signed Album - Highway 61 Revisited. USA vinyl 2015 repressing of the Bob Dylan album Highway 61 Revisited, signed on the front cover in felt tip by Dylan. In very fine condition. The record is included. Accompanied by a certificate of authenticity from Tracks and a letter of provenance from Jeff Rosen, president of the Bob Dylan Music Company, in full: “I represent Bob Dylan and have done so for many years. In 2017 he signed a number of individual albums on a rare and limited basis, including the album photographed here. I can say for certain that it is Bob Dylan’s signature. The chain of custody is directly from Bob Dylan to myself.” First released in 1965, Highway 61 Revisited marked a pivotal moment in Bob Dylan’s career as he blended folk roots with electric rock to create a pioneering sound. The groundbreaking album features the iconic track ‘Like a Rolling Stone,’ which became a defining anthem of the 1960s, as well as classics like ‘Highway 61 Revisited,’ ‘Queen Jane Approximately,’ and ‘Desolation Row.’ With its innovative lyrics and bold musical style, Highway 61 Revisited solidified Dylan’s status as a leading voice in contemporary music and culture—a superb example of one of Dylan’s greatest albums, deriving from his own personal stock and signed in a controlled environment for his trusted business manager of 30-plus years. Starting Bid $500

Bob Dylan-signed ‘Train Tracks’ giclee print, released in 2008 as part of his limited edition ‘Drawn Blank’ series

338. Bob Dylan Signed ‘Train Tracks’ Giclee Print (Ltd. Ed. #155/295) - Released in the Original 2008 ‘Drawn Blank’ Series. Sought-after limited edition color 22 x 27.5 giclee print by Bob Dylan entitled ‘Train Tracks - Portfolio,’ released as part of his original 2008 ‘Drawn Blank’ series, numbered 155/295, signed in the lower border in pencil by Dylan. Housed in its original ‘Drawn Blank’ portfolio folder and includes a certificate of authenticity from Washington Green Fine Art. In very fine condition. Dylan’s popular Drawn Blank art series—a visual autobiography capturing his life on the road—colorfully portrays the people and places he has encountered over the course of his ‘Never Ending Tour.’ This ‘Train Tracks’ print, which derives from the first artwork suite released in the series, represents Dylan’s most coveted subject, and one that he has returned to throughout the series. Starting Bid $200

“Stay sweet always, Jimi Hendrix”— obtained at the Chelsea Antiques Market in London, England, in April 1967, shortly before the release of Are You Experienced

342. Jimi Hendrix Signature - “Stay sweet always”. Large ballpoint signature, “Stay sweet always, Jimi Hendrix,” on a 5.75 x 5 album page, which is accompanied by a second album page signed in ballpoint by Mitch Mitchell. The consignor notes that the autograph was obtained at the Chelsea Antiques Market in London, England, in April 1967. In fine condition. A desirable early signature dated shortly before the release of Are You Experienced, the debut studio album by the Jimi Hendrix Experience.

Accompanied by a certificate of authenticity from Tracks, a full letter of authenticity from REAL, and a letter of provenance from the original recipient: “In April 1967 Fiona Adams met Jimi to take some photos for FAB 208 Magazine. She took some at my parents’ terrace café in the Chelsea Antiques Market. My father had his camera there and took two black and white photographs of Jimi with me, my mother, my sister, and her friend.” The signature includes two modern photographs of the recipient with Hendrix at the Chelsea Antiques Market with the recipient and his family. Starting Bid $500

Fully signed and uninscribed debut album by Led Zeppelin, with signatures personally obtained by drummer John Bonham for a fellow snooker enthusiast at the Studley Conservative Club in early 1980

351. Led Zeppelin Signed Self-Titled Debut AlbumPersonally Procured by John Bonham for a Fellow Snooker Player. Rare early UK pressing of Led Zeppelin’s self-titled debut album (Atlantic, K40031 Stereo), signed beautifully on the front cover in red ballpoint by Jimmy Page, in black ballpoint by Robert Plant and John Paul Jones, and in black felt tip by John Bonham. The record is included, with the runouts bearing the following matrix numbers: “K 40031 A1, S-5, PN, D” and “K-40031-B4, Allen, B, S-6.” In fine condition.

The consignor notes that John Bonham obtained the autographs in early 1980 for a friend at the Studley Conservative Club, where Bonham used to go to drink and play snooker. John lived nearby at Old Hyde Farm in Studley and often visited the club. Footage of Bonham playing snooker at Studley Conservative Club appears in the 1976 Led Zeppelin film The Song Remains the Same.

Accompanied by a certificate of authenticity from Tracks and a letter of provenance from the son of the recipient: “The signatures on the copy of Led Zeppelin were obtained by John Bonham, at my father’s request. My father used to play snooker with John Bonham at Studley Conservative Club in early 1980.”

Front-signed examples of Led Zeppelin’s debut album are incredibly rare, with only a few known to exist. This example is probably the finest one ever to surface in a public auction. The fact that the signatures were obtained by a member of the group makes this piece even more significant. Perhaps most significant is the fact that it was autographed in early 1980, just months before John Bonham’s untimely death. Starting Bid $5000

363. Pink Floyd Signed Album - Animals. Animals album by Pink Floyd, signed on the inner gatefold in ballpoint by Roger Waters, Nick Mason, David Gilmour, and Richard Wright. In fine condition, with light scuffing and edge wear, and moderate contrast to Waters’ and Gilmour’s signatures. The record is included. Accompanied by a letter of provenance from the original recipient: “In 1977, during Pink Floyd’s In the Flesh tour, WDR Radio in Dortmund, Germany, broadcast a program related to the band and their tour. As part of this broadcast, a telephone prize draw was held, offering listeners the opportunity to win a copy of a signed Pink Floyd album. The exact number of signed albums offered as prizes in this draw is not known to me. I entered the prize draw by calling the telephone number advertised during the broadcast and was lucky enough to win one of the signed albums!” Fully signed Pink Floyd items from this period are exceptionally scarce, as worsening internal tensions within the band made group signing opportunities increasingly uncommon during the late 1970s. Starting Bid $300

364. Prince Signed Album - Parade. Parade album signed on the front cover in blue felt tip by Prince, “’Love God,’ P, ‘86.” In very fine condition. The record is included.

Prince’s Parade (1986) is a sleek, experimental album that blends funk, pop, psychedelia, and orchestral touches with remarkable confidence. It served as the soundtrack to Under the Cherry Moon and includes ‘Kiss,’ one of Prince’s most iconic and minimalist hits. The album feels elegant and eccentric at once, showing Prince at his most playful and stylish. Starting Bid $500

365. Queen (3) Business Checks Signed by Each Band Member. Set of three 7.5 x 4 Coutts & Co. ‘Queen Productions Ltd.’ and ‘Queen Music Limited.’ business checks from 1981, each filled out in another hand and signed in ink or felt tip by two members of Queen, with John Deacon signing all three as “John R. Deacon.” The earliest check, February 17, 1980, payable to band bookkeeper Barbara Szabo for £500, is cosigned by Freddie Mercury as “F. Mercury,” with both Deacon and Mercury adding their initials; the second, June 12, 1981, payable to Brian May for £1000, is cosigned by Brian May as “B. H. May”; and the third, December 18, 1981, payable to Nightjar Productions Ltd. for £4860.77, is cosigned by Roger Taylor. In overall fine condition. Accompanied by a certificate of authenticity from Tracks. Starting Bid $500

368. Rolling Stones Sunset Sound Reference Pressing for Beggars Banquet. Vintage 12-inch Rolling Stones studio reference test pressing containing six songs from the band’s landmark 1968 album Beggars Banquet. Both sides feature Sunset Sound Recorders labels annotated in ballpoint with the band, side, song titles, and running times. The A-side track listing: “Parachute Woman” (2:15), “Factory Girl” (2:07), “Prodigal Son” (2:56), and “No Expectations” (3:52); and the B-side reads “Jig Saw Puzzle” (6:06) and “Dear Doctor” (3:25). Both sides bear studio grooves and appear to represent working reference masters or test pressings prepared during the album’s production cycle. Includes the original white paper sleeve. In fine condition, with light foxing and staining to the sleeve, and scattered scuffs and light scratches to the disc. Starting Bid $200

Entertainment

“It’s a pleasure to work with you, Marilyn Monroe”— beautiful vintage portrait of Monroe inscribed to a member of her film crew

414. Marilyn Monroe

Signed Photograph“It’s a pleasure to work with you”. Vintage mattefinish 8 x 10 portrait photo of Monroe taken during a Frank Powolny glamour shoot in 1953, signed and inscribed in black ballpoint, “To Al Mazzola, It’s a pleasure to work with you, Marilyn Monroe.” The recipient was Al Mazzola, a Hollywood grip and camera department crew member who worked in the film industry during Monroe’s rise to stardom. In very fine condition, with poor contrast to her last name. Encapsulated in a PSA/ DNA authentication holder. Monroe and Powolny most famously teamed up in 1953 for a series of stunning, artfully framed publicity stills for the 1953 film Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. Immortalized for his classic World War II pinup of Betty Grable, Powolny remained a trusted photographer for Monroe throughout her career, and is noted as taking the last known still photographs of the starlet during production of Something’s Got to Give, one week before she died in 1962. The Marc and Mary Perkins Collection. Starting Bid $1000

Sports

Bobby Fischer’s handwritten score sheet from his famous 1970 victory over Ulf Andersson, containing 43 moves in his hand and concluding with the match-ending notation “Resign”

439. Bobby Fischer Signed and Handwritten Chess Scoresheet from His 1970 Match with Swedish Grandmaster Ulf Andersson. Handwritten chess scoresheet by Bobby Fischer from his famous exhibition victory over Ulf Andersson during the 1970 Siegen Olympiad period, accomplished in ballpoint on an off-white 8.25 x 11.75 score sheet numbered and headed in another hand, “Game for Expressen,” referencing the Swedish newspaper that sponsored and published the game. Fischer signs his surname in the upper left, “Fischer,” adds the last name of his opponent to the right, “Andersson,” and records 43 moves in descriptive chess notation, which was widely used until the 1970s, when it was replaced by algebraic notation. The first move in this game was Fischer’s, who notates “P[awn to]-Q[ueen’s k]N[ight ]3”—that is, the pawn nearest the knight on the queen’s side of the board moves to the third square. In algebraic notation, the move is completely and unambiguously described as “b3.” This opening move set up what is known as a ‘Hedgehog formation,’ rarely used by white; this was one of the first games to feature this method of development. Fischer’s crushing victory in the match so impressed Andersson that he later became one of the foremost ‘Hedgehog’ exponents himself (see: Karpov–Andersson, Milan 1975).

In Garry Kasparov on Fischer: My Great Predecessors, Part IV, the Russian grandmaster observes: ‘This game made such a great impression on Ulf Andersson that in the 1970s the talented Swedish grandmaster, who is well known for his skill in defence, became one of the main ideologists of the ‘hedgehog’ set-up and the ‘compressed spring’ method when playing Black. That is how the chess revolution of the 1970s began.’ The heading, “Game for Expressen,” penned in unknown hand, refers to the sponsor of this particular match, the Swedish newspaper Expressen, which published the game a move a day over the course of several weeks. This may have been the score sheet from which the series was derived. In very good condition, with heavy overall creasing. A remarkable game-used manuscript artifact preserving Fischer’s own handwritten record of victory over future grandmaster Ulf Andersson. Starting Bid $500

7. [George Washington] Washington Benevolent Society Constitution Ma...

19. Andrew Jackson Document Signed as President - Scarce ‘Leap Day’ S... Starting Bid $200

28. [Abraham Lincoln] Slavery Opinion Pamphlet (1864) Starting Bid $200

35. Grover Cleveland Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

10. John Adams: Manuscript Proclamation of an Act of Congress,

20. William Henry Harrison Signature Starting Bid $200

31. U. S. Grant Document Signed as President, Approving a “Postal Arr... Starting Bid $200

36. Grover Cleveland Autograph Letter Signed as

16. James Monroe Document Signed as Secretary of State, Giving

23. Millard Fillmore Document Signed as President - Eleven Days Befor... Starting Bid $200

33. Rutherford B. Hayes Document Signed as President, Congratulating ... Starting Bid $200

37. Grover Cleveland Document Signed as President, Congratulating the... Starting Bid $200

18. John Quincy Adams Signed Free Frank - PSA NM-MT 8 Starting Bid $200

26. Lincoln-Douglas Debates (First Edition, First

34. James A. Garfield Civil War-Dated Autograph Letter Signed Starting Bid $200

38. William McKinley Document Signed as President, Authorizing the Si... Starting Bid $200

39.

Autograph Document Signed - Draft Agreement on

45.

46.

41.

47.

42.

48.

58.

Herbert Hoover

40. Herbert Hoover: Lewis

Franklin D. Roosevelt Signed Book - The Democratic Book 1936 Starting Bid $200

Franklin D. Roosevelt Document Signed as President, Ordering Expa... Starting Bid $200

Harry S. Truman Signed Book Set - Memoirs: Year of

Dwight and Mamie Eisenhower (2) Signed White House Cards Starting Bid $200

Dwight D. Eisenhower Signed White House Card Starting Bid $200

Dwight D. Eisenhower Signature Starting Bid $200

49. Dwight D. Eisenhower Signature Starting Bid $200

50. Dwight D. Eisenhower

53. Jacqueline Kennedy Typed Letter Signed to Her Favored Fabric Desi... Starting Bid $200

54. Jacqueline Kennedy: 1962 Pakistan Goodwill Tour Silver Gift Bowl Starting Bid $200

55. John F. Kennedy Typed Letter Signed as a U.S. Senator Starting Bid $200

56. John F. Kennedy 1935 Choate 'The Brief' Yearbook Starting Bid $200

57. John F. Kennedy PenFrom the Collection of His Secretary, M. B.... Starting Bid $200

Lyndon B. Johnson Signature Starting Bid $200

59. Pat Nixon Signed White House Card and Autograph Letter Signed Starting Bid $200

64. Gerald Ford Signed Souvenir Typescript on JFK Assassination: "Lee... Starting Bid $200

68. Ronald Reagan Autograph Letter Signed to

61. Richard Nixon Signed Baseball Starting Bid $200

65. Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter (3) Signed First Day Covers Starting Bid $200

62. Richard Nixon Document Signed as

66. Ronald Reagan Signed Photograph to The X-Files Actor David Duchov... Starting Bid $200

69. Ronald Reagan Signed 'Inauguration Day' Cover Starting Bid $200

72. Ronald Reagan Signature Starting Bid $200

73. Ronald Reagan Signature Starting Bid $200

74. Ronald Reagan Typed Letter Signed on Waging “an aggressive, full-... Starting Bid $200

63. Gerald Ford (5)

Letters Signed as President Starting Bid $200

67. Ronald Reagan Signature Starting Bid $200

Typed

70. Ronald Reagan Signed White House Christmas

71. Ronald Reagan Signed

75. Ronald and Nancy Reagan Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

76. Ronald and Nancy Reagan Signed Yearbook Starting Bid $200

77. George Bush Autograph Letter Signed as President-

78. George Bush Autograph Letter Signed as President:

79. Bill Clinton Signed 'Tuxedo' Mid Iron Golf Club Starting Bid $200

80. Bill and Hillary Clinton (2) Signed Photographs Starting Bid $200

81. Bill and Hillary Clinton (2) Signed Photographs Starting Bid $200

82. Bill and Hillary Clinton (2) Typed Letters Signed Starting Bid $200

83. Bill, Hillary, and Chelsea Clinton Signed Book - My

84. George W. Bush Signed Engraving Starting Bid $200

85. Donald Trump Signed

86. Donald Trump Signed 2024 Presidential Campaign

87. Donald Trump Signed Esquire Magazine - 'Hater in Chief' Starting Bid $200

88. Joe Biden Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

89. Joe Biden Signature on Mock Oath of Office Starting Bid $200

95. John Hancock and Vassalborough's Votes for

96. [John Hancock] French Translation of

97. John Hancock: Massachusetts Enlistment Broadside Vowing Service “... Starting Bid $200

98. James Wilson Revolutionary War–Dated Document Signed Starting Bid $200

99. Montgomery Blair Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

100. Henry Clay Signed 'American Colonization Society' Lifetime Member... Starting Bid $200

101. Continental Congress: Extracts from the Votes and Proceedings of ...

102. William Dennison Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

104. William Henry Drayton Revolutionary War-Dated Autograph Document ... Starting Bid $200

105. Independence Hall (3) Wood Relics Starting Bid $200

106. Journal of the House of Representatives of the Colony of Massachu...

110. Thomas Mifflin Signed Pennsylvania Land Grant Issued on the Eve o... Starting Bid $200

125. Vermont: (2) Manuscript Documents Proposing Admission into

126. Virginia: Document Proposing a Constitutional Amendment (1808) Starting Bid $200

114. Charles Pinckney Through the States of Nort...

117. Rhode Island: Act Sending Delegates to the Continental Congress (... Starting Bid $200

128. William Winterbotham: An Historical, Geographical,

129. Oliver Ellsworth WarDated Document Signed, Reimbursing a Connect... Starting Bid $200

132. John Abbott Letter Signed, Concerning Polling Places During the 1... Starting Bid $200

140. Mikhail Gorbachev Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

144. Benito Mussolini Signed ‘Ministry of War’ Document, Ordering the ... Starting Bid $200

134. Joseph Chamberlain Autograph Letter Signed on

141. Joseph Guillotin Letter Signed - Report on a Heat

138. Giuseppe Garibaldi (2) Letters Signed Starting Bid $200

142. Alexandra Kollontai Typed Letter Signed Starting Bid $200

139. Mikhail Gorbachev Signed Souvenir Typescript - Nuclear Arms Reduc... Starting Bid $200

143. Thomas D'Arcy

Signed Free Frank Starting Bid $200

McGee

145. Jawaharlal Nehru Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

146. Charles Stewart Parnell (2) Letters Signed

147. Juan and Eva Peron (2) Typed Letters Signed Starting Bid $200

148. Yitzhak Rabin Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

149. Charles Maurice de Talleyrand Letter Signed

151. Margaret Thatcher Signed Book - Statecraft Starting Bid $200

158. King Louis XIV Letter Signed - Military Promotion Issued at Versa...

159. Maria Theresa Letter Signed to Prince Ludwig, Landgrave of Hesse Starting Bid $200

166. W. E. B. Du Bois Signature and Handwritten “Education” Outline Starting Bid $200

172. Rosa Parks Signed Souvenir Typescript Starting Bid $200

177. Ray Kroc Signed McDonald's Breakfast Coupon Card - 'Be Our

160. Nicholas II (5) Coronation Cups: The ‘Khodynka Cup of Sorrows’ Starting Bid $200

168. Jane Goodall (2) Signed Photographs Starting Bid $200

173. Walter Chrysler Typed Letter Signed on the Early Expansion of Chr... Starting Bid $200

178. Vint Cerf Original Sketch - 'Basic Internet' Starting Bid $200

161. Paul I of Russia Autograph Letter Signed

170. Florence Nightingale Autograph Letter Signed: "I

174. Bill Gates Signed Book - Source Code

180. Thomas Edison WarDated Document SignedTrust Disbursement for ... Starting Bid $200

164. Dalai Lama Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

171. Robert Owen Autograph Letter Signed: "Wishing to live as long

175. Amadeo Giannini (2) Typed Letters Signed Starting Bid $200

181. Thomas Edison Autograph Note Signed on Phonograph Records Starting Bid $200

184. [Alfred Nobel] Nitroglycerin Aktiebolaget Stock Certificate

185.

190.

Louis Pasteur Autograph Letter Signed

Edmund Burke Autograph Letter Signed Starting Bid $200

192. Georgi Plekhanov Letter Signed - The 'Father of Russian Marxism' Starting Bid $200

193. Roald Amundsen Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

197. John Ross: Narrative of a Second Voyage in Search

198. Henry M. Stanley Autograph Letter Signed

200. Chief Gall Original Photograph by D. F. Barry"Master Mind and ... Starting Bid $200

201. William F. 'Buffalo Bill' Cody Autograph Letter

202. Pat Garrett Document Signed - Alabama Gold and Copper Mining Comp... Starting Bid $200

203. Goose Original Photograph by D. F. BarryCuster's Arikara Scout Starting Bid $200

208. Al Capone Original Photograph - PSA Type III

209. Al Capone Original Photograph - PSA Type I Starting Bid $200

210. Al Capone Original Photograph - PSA Type III

211. Allan Pinkerton Signed Photograph of George B.

212. Allan Pinkerton Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

213. Robert Stroud Autograph Letter Signed and Typed Letter Signed

223. Connecticut Six-Month Enlistment Document for Colonel John Cheste... Starting Bid $200

217. Nisbet Balfour Revolutionary War-Dated Autograph Letter Signed on... Starting Bid $200

224. Revolutionary WarDated Connecticut Travel Pass for a “Deputed Fr... Starting Bid $200

227. Rev. William Jackson: 231. Marquis de Lafayette Autograph Letter Signed and Autograph Docume... Starting Bid $200

234. New Hampshire WarDated Broadside Ordering Delinquent Officers to... Starting Bid $200

237. Rhode Island: Henry Ward Signed Arrest Warrant for Six Deserters ... Starting Bid $200

219. Jonathan Boucher: A View of the Causes and Consequences of the Am...

225. Charles Cornwallis Autograph Letter Signed Starting Bid $200

232. Minute Men: Roster and Equipment Shortage List (c.

238. South Carolina WarDated 'Oath of Allegiance' Signed by Richard R... Starting Bid $200

222. Henry Clinton and Earl Cornwallis Yorktown Controversy Book (Firs...

226. [Charles Henri Hector, Count of Estaing] Revolutionary War–Era Fr... Starting Bid $200

233. Minute Men: Massachusetts Militia Meeting Minutes (1774) Starting Bid $200

239. Heman Swift War-Dated

241. Samuel Wyllys Signed Connecticut 'High Treason' Prosecution Docum... Starting Bid $200

247. Charles 'Chinese' Gordon Letter Signed as Governor General of Sud... Starting Bid $200

258. Wernher von Braun Signed Book - Conquest of

242. Civil War: Union Soldier's Letter on Action at

245. Iwo Jima: John H. Bradley Signed Print Starting Bid $200

246. Robert Baden-Powell Signature Starting Bid $200

251. USS Constitution 1927 Restoration Relic Bronze Bookends (2) Starting Bid $200

259. Alan Shepard Signed Photograph (Ltd. Ed. #1754/2500) Starting Bid $200

and

265. Apollo/Saturn V Oversized Launch Photographs (5) Starting Bid $200

254. Orville Wright Signed Check as "Wright Brothers" - Paying Mechani... Starting Bid $200

260. NASA Gemini-Titan II, Mercury-Atlas, and MercuryRedstone 1:48 Sc... Starting Bid $200

266. Frank Borman Signed Photographic 'Earthrise' Print - 40˝ x 32˝ Starting Bid $200

257. Wernher von Braun Typed Letter Signed on the National Space Insti... Starting Bid $200

262. Tiangong-1 and Shenzhou-8 'China First Space Rendezvous and

263. North American X-15

NASA X-38 Display

267. Frank Borman Signed Oversized Photograph

268. Tom Stafford Signed $2 Dollar Bill Starting Bid $200

273. Neil Armstrong Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

277.

Starting Bid $200

269. Buzz Aldrin Signed Book - Legal Problems of Space Exploration Starting Bid $200

274. James Lovell Signed Photograph: "Houston we have a problem" Starting Bid $200

275.

Starting Bid $200

Starting

270. Buzz Aldrin Signed Apollo 11 Poster (Ltd. Ed. #1201/1969) - 21˝ x...

272. Apollo 11 Signed

Space Shuttle (11) Mission Charts - 1983–1985

276. Space Shuttle: Coke

Space Food Collection of (14) Packages and Containers from the Ap...

279. Albert Bierstadt Signed Book - Christopher Columbus

280. Marc Chagall Signed First Day Cover Starting Bid $200

282. Friedensreich Hundertwasser Signature Starting Bid $200

283. Robert Indiana Autograph Letter Signed"Your choice of stamps i...

284. Mole and Thomas 'Living Photograph' of the Statue of Liberty Starting Bid $200

286. Auguste Rodin Autograph Note Signed, Sending Christmas Wishes Starting Bid $200

288. Frank Lloyd Wright Signed Letter of Recommendation for Apprentice...

Bid $200

289. Charles Addams Signed Sketch of 'Uncle Fester' Starting Bid $200

293. Gus production cel from Cinderella Starting Bid $200

297.

Starting Bid $200

290. Charles Addams Original Sketch of Wednesday Addams Starting Bid $200

294. Matt Groening Signed Sketch of Bart Simpson Starting Bid $200

298. Charles Dickens Autograph Letter Signed, Sending Thanks for an "E... Starting Bid $200

291. Charles Addams Autograph Letter Signed

295. Matt Groening Signed Sketch of Marge Simpson Starting Bid $200

299. Robert Frost Signature Starting Bid $200

292. Carl Barks Signed Lithograph - 'July Fourth in Duckburg' (Ltd. Ed... Starting Bid $200

296. Bob Cratchit and Tiny Tim production cel from Mister Magoo's Chri... Starting Bid $200

303.

Homer Simpson production cel from The Simpsons

Julia Ward Howe Autograph Letter Signed Starting Bid $200

304. Victor Hugo Autograph Letter Signed Starting Bid $200

308. Jules Verne Autograph Letter Signed Starting Bid $200

313. Glenn Miller (2) War-

314. Glenn Miller Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

315.

316.

Edith Piaf Signed Program Starting Bid $200

Cole Porter Typed Letter Signed Starting Bid $200

318. AC/DC Signed 1986 'Fly On the Wall' Tour Program

319. Aerosmith Signed Drum Head Starting Bid $200

323. Beatles 'Third State'

324. Beatles: George

326. Beatles: Paul McCartney Signed 1989 World Tour Promotional Card Starting Bid $200

327. Beatles: Yoko Ono Signed Print - Walls and Bridges (Ltd. Ed. #191...

328. Jeff Beck Signed Album - Rough and Ready Starting Bid $200

329. Bee Gees Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

330. Boston: Delp and Scholz Signed Bootleg Album - We Found It In The... Starting Bid $200

331. David Bowie Signed Book - From Station to

332. David Bowie Signed Album - Tonight Starting Bid $200

333. Eric Clapton Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

334. Cream: Eric Clapton and Jack Bruce Signed Album - Best of Cream Starting Bid $200

335. Grateful Dead Collection of (20) Vintage Tour Shirts from the 197... Starting Bid $200

336.

Drummers Multi-Signed (5) Drumhead Starting Bid $200

339. Emerson, Lake, and Palmer Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

340. Emerson, Lake, and Palmer Signed Program

341. Grateful Dead Signed Poster (2009) (13˝ x 19˝) Starting Bid $200

343. Billy Joel Signed Album - Songs in the Attic Starting Bid $200

344. Billy Joel Signed CDKontsert Starting Bid $200

345. Billy Joel Signed CDStorm Front Starting Bid $200

346. Elton John Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

347. Elton John Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

348. Elton John Signature Starting Bid $200

349. Journey Signed Album 350. King Crimson Signed Album - Larks' Tongues in

352. Jimmy Page Signed Genesis Book - Jimmy Page

353. Led Zeppelin: Jimmy Page Signed Album - Led Zeppelin II Starting Bid $200

354. Led Zeppelin: Jimmy Page Signed Album - The Firm Starting Bid $200

355. Lynyrd Skynyrd (3) Recovered Crash Site

356. Lynyrd Skynyrd MultiSigned (20+) Banner Starting Bid $200

Starting Bid $200

Starting

357. The Monkees Signed Oversized Photograph Starting Bid $200

361.

O'Connor Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

Starting Bid $200

358. The

Signed Album - More of the Monkees Starting Bid $200

362.

Starting Bid $200

370.

Richards Signed Typed Letter of Authorizati... Starting Bid $200

Starting Bid $200

366.

Starting Bid $200

Starting Bid $200

Monkees

359. The Monkees: Mickey Dolenz Signed Drum Head and Sheet Music

360. The Monkees: Michael

Sinead

Ozzy Osbourne Signed Poster (23.5˝ x 33˝)

Quiet Riot Signed Album - Condition Critical

367. Quiet Riot Signed Photograph

369. Rolling Stones: Mick Jagger Signed Typed Letter of Authorization

Rolling Stones: Keith

371. Rolling Stones: Keith Richards Signed AlbumTalk Is Cheap

372. Rolling Stones: Ronnie Wood Signed Typed Letter of Authorization

Bid $200

373. Rolling Stones: Bill Wyman Early

374. Bill Wyman TwiceSigned Vaccination Booklet Used During the Rolli...

375. Rush: Geddy Lee

378.

376. Rush: Neil Peart Signed 377. Sting Signed AlbumThe Dream of the Blue Turtles Starting Bid $200

The Style Council Signed Album - The Singular Adventures of The S... Starting Bid $200

379. The Supremes Signed Oversized Photograph Starting Bid $200

380. Traffic Signed Album - 381. U2 Signed 1992 Tour Program - Zoo TV Tour Starting Bid $200

382. Velvet Revolver Signed 'Contraband' Poster (24˝ x

383. The Who Signatures Starting Bid $200

384. The Who Signed Album - Who's Next Starting Bid $200

385. The Who Signed Album - Who Are You Starting Bid $200

386. The Who: Daltrey and Townshend Signed AlbumLive at Leeds Starting Bid $200

387. Yes Signed AlbumFragile Starting Bid $200

388. Yes Signed Single Album for 'Owner of a Lonely Heart' Starting Bid $200

389. Yes Signed Album - Big Generator Starting Bid $200

390. The Jam Signed 45 RPM Record - Going Underground Starting Bid $200

391. The Jam Signed 45 RPM Record Sleeve - Start! Starting Bid $200

392.

Starting Bid $200

396. Actresses

Signed Photographs with VeraEllen, Michèle Morgan... Starting Bid $200

Starting Bid $200

397.

Starting Bid $200

Starting Bid $200

398.

Starting Bid $200

Michael Jackson Signed Photograph

393. Michael Jackson Signed Single Album for 'Thriller' Starting Bid $200

394. Taylor Swift Signed

395. Actors (26) Signed Photographs with Bob Hope, Fredric March, and ...

(27)

Brigitte Bardot Signed Photograph

Ingrid Bergman Signed Photograph

399. Mel Brooks Signed Oversized PhotographBlazing Saddles Starting Bid $200

400. Mel Brooks Signed Oversized PhotographYoung Frankenstein

401. Clint Eastwood Signed Oversized Photograph

402. Errol Flynn (2) Signed Checks Starting Bid $200

403. Cary Grant Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

404. Hamilton Collection of (16) Complete Tickets From the Original Br... Starting Bid $200

405. Katharine Hepburn Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

406. Grace Kelly Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

407. Bruce Lee Original Photograph - PSA Type III Starting Bid $200

408. Bruce Lee Original Photograph - PSA Type I

409. Peter Lorre Signed Photograph - "Moto or no Moto!" Starting Bid $200

410. Bela Lugosi Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

Starting Bid $200

412. Jayne Mansfield Signed Television Contract - "The Pat

413. Jayne Mansfield (2) Signed Movie Contracts'Beach House Weekend...

Starting

411. Jayne Mansfield Signed Photograph

Boone Show"...

415. Marilyn Monroe Original Photograph for Ladies of the ChorusPSA...

Bid $200

416. Marilyn Monroe Original Photograph for

417. Marilyn Monroe Photograph by Andre de

418. Marilyn Monroe Photograph by H. Maier

419. Marilyn Monroe Photograph by H. Maier

420. Marilyn Monroe Photograph by H. Maier

421. Marilyn Monroe Photograph - PSA Type I

422. Monty Python Signed Album - The Album of the Soundtrack of the Tr... Starting Bid $200

423. Clayton Moore Signed Sketch Starting Bid $200

424. Anna Pavlova Typed Letter Signed Starting Bid $200

425. S. J. Perelman Typed Letter Signed Starting Bid $200

429. Star Trek: William Shatner and Leonard Nimoy Signed Oversized Pho... Starting Bid $200

433. Three Stooges Signatures - “Larry,” “Curly,” and “Moe (Stooge) Ho... Starting Bid $200

426. Rod Serling Document

430.

427. Frank Sinatra Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

Starting Bid $200

428. Frank Sinatra Signature Starting Bid $200

Starting Bid $200

Starting Bid $200

[Star Trek] 1961 Peter Ganine Classic Chess Set,

431. Star Wars: Alec Guinness Signed Photograph

432. Dorothy Stratten Signed Photograph

434. Robert Wadlow Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

435. Hank Aaron and Al

436. Muhammad Ali Autograph Letter Signed

437. Tom Brady Oversized Signed Photograph (Ltd. Ed. #4/100) Starting Bid $200

438. Joe DiMaggio Oversized Signed Photograph (Ltd. Ed. #5/42) Starting Bid $200

440. Derek Jeter Oversized Signed Photograph Starting Bid $200

441. Derek Jeter and Reggie

442.

Signed Baseball Starting Bid $200

446. NY Rangers Legends Oversized Signed Photograph (Ltd. Ed. #479/500... Starting Bid $200

447. Jesse Owens Typed Letter Signed: "Thanks again for your great int... Starting Bid $200

Starting Bid $200

448. Bill Russell Signed Photograph (Ltd. Ed.

500. Lincoln Assassination: Ford's Theatre 'Our American Cousin' Playb... Starting Bid $200

Mickey Mantle

443. Mantle, Mays, and 444. Mantle, Mays, and Snider Signed Lithograph

445. NY Jets: 1969 Super

Conditions of Sale

ANYONE EITHER REGISTERING TO BID OR PLACING A BID (“BIDDER”) ACCEPTS THESE CONDITIONS OF SALE AND ENTERS INTO A LEGALLY, BINDING, ENFORCEABLE AGREEMENT WITH R&R AUCTION COMPANY OF MASSACHUSETTS, LLC (“RR AUCTION”) TOGETHER WITH BIDDER, THE “PARTIES”).

This Agreement contains important provisions that control rights and liabilities, and specifically has provisions governing how disputes are handled as well as LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY that can be imposed upon RR Auction, WAIVER OF JURY and ARBITRATION PROVISIONS. This acknowledgement is a material term of these Conditions of Sale and of the consideration under which RR Auction agrees to these terms. PLEASE READ CAREFULLY.

The following terms and conditions (“Conditions of Sale”) constitute the sole terms and conditions under which RR Auction will offer for sale and sell the property on its website, and/or described in the catalog of items for auction (the “Catalog”). These Conditions of Sale constitute a binding agreement between the Parties with respect to the auction in which Bidder participates (the “Auction”). By bidding at the Auction, whether in person, through an agent or representative, by telephone, facsimile, online, absentee bid, or by any other form of bid or by any other means, Bidder acknowledges the thorough reading and understanding of all of these Conditions of Sale, all descriptions of items in the Catalog, and all matters incorporated herein by reference, and agrees to be fully bound thereby.

Section 1

The Parties1.1 RR Auction and Auction

This Auction is presented by RR Auction, a d/b/a/ of R&R Auction Company of Massachusetts, LLC, as identified with the applicable licensing information on the title page of the Catalog or on the www.RRauction. com Internet site. The Auction is conducted under these Conditions of Sale. Announcements and corrections from the podium at live auctions and those made through the Conditions of Sale appearing on the Internet at RRauction.com supersede those in the printed Catalog.

1.2 Bidder

Bidder shall mean the original Bidder on the property offered for sale by RR Auction and not any subsequent owner or other person who may acquire or have acquired an interest therein. If Bidder is an agent, the agency must be disclosed in writing to RR Auction prior to the time of sale, otherwise the benefits of the warranty shall be limited to the agent and not transferable to the undisclosed principal.

The rights granted to Bidder under these Conditions of Sale are personal and may not be assigned or transferred to any other person or entity, whether by operation of law or otherwise without the express written assent of RR Auction. Bidder may not transfer, assign, or otherwise convey these Conditions of Sale or any of the rights herein, and such purported transfer, assignment, or conveyance shall be null and void. No third party may rely on any benefit or right conferred on any Bidder by these Conditions of Sale, and no third party is intended as a beneficiary of these Conditions of Sale.

Bids will not be accepted from minor persons under eighteen (18) years of age without a parent or legal guardian’s written consent containing an acknowledgment of the Conditions of Sale herein and indicating their agreement to be bound thereby on behalf of the Bidder.

All Bidders must meet RR Auction’s qualifications to bid. Any Bidder who is not a client in good standing of RR Auction may be disqualified at RR Auction’s sole option and will not be awarded lots. Such determination may be made by RR Auction in its sole and unlimited discretion, at any time prior to, during, or even after the close of the Auction. RR Auction reserves the right to exclude any person from the Auction.

If an entity places a bid, then the person executing the bid on behalf of the entity agrees to personally guarantee payment for any successful bid and

agrees to be bound by these Conditions of Sale in addition to company for whom the Bidder is acting

By accepting the Conditions of Sale, Bidder personally and unconditionally guarantees payment.

Section 2

Bidding Privileges

2.1 In order to place bids, Bidders who have not established an account with RR Auction must either furnish satisfactory credit information (including two collectibles-related business references) or supply additional information if requested, well in advance of the Auction. Bidders who are not members of RRAuction.com should pre-register before the close of the Auction to allow adequate time to contact references. Privileges will be granted at the sole discretion of RR Auction. Additionally, Bidders who have not previously established credit or who wish to bid in excess of their established credit history may be required to provide a cash deposit prior to RR Auction’s acceptance of a bid. Check writing privileges and immediate delivery of merchandise may also be determined by pre-approval of credit based on a combination of criteria: RRAuction.com history, related industry references, bank verification, a credit bureau report and/or a personal guarantee for a corporate or partnership entity in advance of the Auction venue.

2.2 Bidder providing any false or misleading information provided in connection with the registration shall be a material breach of the Conditions of Sale and in addition to any other remedies at law shall excuse RR Auction from performance under these Conditions of Sale, including the right to any refund.

2.3 Bidding privileges may be revoked without notice, for any reason, at the sole discretion of RR Auction .

Section 3

Buyer’s Premium

3.1 The Bidder acknowledges and agrees that a 25% buyer’s premium will be added to the hammer price on all individual lots sold in timed and live Auctions. . For payment other than by cash, delivery will not be made unless and until full payment has been received by RR Auction, i.e., check or wired funds have fully cleared. Unless otherwise agreed in writing, signed by RR Auction, payment in full is due within thirteen (13) calendar days of the Auction or within twelve (12) calendar days of the invoice date, whichever is earlier. Bidder’s failure to pay any payment in full when due required shall constitute a material breach, and in addition to other damages available under contract or law, at RR Auction’s election, RR Auction may cancel the sale and require full premium still be due along with interest at 1.5% per month from the date of breach, or at the maximum legally allowable rate.

Section 4

Bidding

4.1 Each Bidder’s determination of its bid should be based upon its own examination of the item(s) and independent investigation, rather than any reliance as to what is represented in the Catalog, online or elsewhere. Bidder affirms that it regards any statements made by RR Auction concerning the item as solely opinion and that Bidder is making its own inspection and independent evaluation of the goods, and is not relying upon any description or statements by RR Auction (including as to quality, authenticity, provenance, ownership, liens existing, on goods legality, or value) in making its determination to bid on or purchase an item. In any purchase or sale, the value of the item(s) is determined by the price. THE BIDDER HEREBY ASSUMES ALL RISKS CONCERNING ANY AND ALL PURCHASES TO THE FULLEST EXTENT UNDER APPLICABLE LAW.

4.2 RR AUCTION IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ERRORS IN BIDDING. A Bidder should make certain to bid on the correct lot and that the bid is the maximum (plus the Buyer’s Premium) that the Bidder is willing and able to pay. Since other Bidders (by mail, facsimile, online, and in person) will be present, and since a re-offering could damage the momentum of the sale, once the hammer has fallen and RR Auction has announced the winning Bidder, such Bidder is unconditionally bound to pay for the lot,

even if the Bidder has made a mistake.

4.3 All prospective Bidders who examine lots in person prior to the sale shall personally assume all responsibility for any damage they cause in so doing. RR Auction shall have sole discretion in determining the value of the damage caused, which shall be promptly paid by the prospective Bidder.

4.4 Title to any lot remains with Consignor, any secured party of the Consignor, or assignee of Consignor, as the case may be, until the lot is paid for in full by Bidder and Bidder has fully satisfied any outstanding financial obligations to RR Auction (including as it concerns any other lots). RR Auction reserves the right to require payment in full before delivering any lot to the successful Bidder.

4.5 It is the Bidder’s responsibility and obligation to have the lots fully insured while in their possession. Bidder assumes any and all risk of loss upon the earlier of shipment to Bidder or in Bidder’s possession.

4.6 Bidder grants to RR Auction or its assigns the right to offset any sums due, or found to be due by RR Auction, and to make such offset from any past, subsequent or future consignment, or items acquired by Bidder in possession or control of RR Auction or from any sums due to Bidder by RR Auction. Bidder further grants RR Auction a lien consisting of a senior security interest (or purchase money security interest to the extent applicable) in such sums or items to the fullest extent applicable, authorizes RR Auction to file documents concerning the interest, and Bidder agrees to execute any further documents as may be reasonably necessary to grant RR Auction such security interest. Bidder agrees that RR Auction and its assigns shall be a secured party with respect to items bought by Bidder and in the possession of RR Auction, to the extent of the maximum indebtedness, plus all accrued fees and expenses, until the indebtedness is paid.

4.7 By bidding in this sale, Bidder personally and unconditionally guarantees payment. The authorized representative of any corporate Bidder who is present at the sale shall provide RR Auction or its agent, prior to the commencement of the bidding (or at the time of registration), with a statement signed by a principal, director or officer that they he or she personally and unconditionally guarantees any payment due RR Auction.

4.8 RR Auction may at its sole and absolute discretion, make loans or advances to Consignors and/or prospective Bidders.

Section 5

Bidding Options

5.1 Non-Internet bids (including but not limited to in-person, facsimile, phone and mail bids) are treated similarly to floor bids in that they must be on-increment. Any in-person, facsimile, phone, or mail bids that do not conform to a full increment will be rounded up or down to the nearest full increment and this revised amount will be considered Bidder’s high bid.

5.2 When identical bids are submitted, preference is given to the first received. To ensure the greatest accuracy, written bids should be entered on the standard printed bid sheet and be received at RR Auction’s place of business at least twenty-four (24) hours before the Auction start. RR Auction is not responsible for executing mail bids or facsimile bids received on or after the day the first lot is sold, nor Internet bids submitted after the published closing time; nor is RR Auction responsible for proper execution of bids submitted by telephone, mail, facsimile, e-mail, Internet, or in person once the Auction begins.

5.3 In all Auctions, bids on an item must raise the current high bid by at least 10%, or as specified on a per-Auction basis. Bids will be accepted in whole dollar amounts only. No “buy” or “unlimited” bids will be accepted. In a live sale, bids on an item can change at the discretion of RR Auction.

5.4 RR Auction reserves the right to accept or decline any bid. Bids must be for an entire lot and each lot constitutes a separate sale. All bids are per lot unless otherwise announced. Live auction lots will be sold in their numbered sequence unless RR Auction directs otherwise. It is unlawful and illegal for Bidders to collude, pool, or agree with another Bidder to pay less than the fair value for lot(s). For live auctions, RR Auction will have final discretion in the event that any dispute should arise between Bidders. RR Auction will determine the successful Bidder, cancel the sale,

or re-offer and resell the lot or lots in dispute. RR Auction will have final discretion to resolve any disputes arising after the sale and in online auctions. If any dispute arises, RR Auction’s sale record is conclusive.

Section 6 Payment

6.1 Subject to fulfillment of all of the Conditions of Sale set forth herein, upon the sooner of (1) the passing of title to the offered lot pursuant to these Conditions of Sale, or (2) possession of the offered lot by the Bidder, Bidder thereupon (a) assumes full risk and responsibility (including without limitation, liability for or damage to frames or glass covering prints, paintings, photos, or other works), and (b) will immediately pay the full purchase price or such part as RR Auction may require. In addition to other remedies available to RR Auction by law, RR Auction reserves the right to impose from the date of sale a late charge of 1.5% per month of the total purchase price if payment is not made in accordance with the conditions set forth herein. All property must be removed from RR Auction’s premises by the Bidder at his/her expense not later than sixty (60) business days following its sale and, if it is not so removed, RR Auction may send the purchased property to a public warehouse for the account, at the risk and expense of the Bidder.

6.2 Payment is due upon closing of the Auction session, or upon presentment of an invoice. RR Auction reserves the right to void an invoice if payment in full is not received within thirteen (13) calendar days of the Auction or within twelve (12) calendar days of the invoice date. In cases of nonpayment, RR Auction’s election to void a sale does not relieve the Bidder from their obligation to pay RR Auction its fees (seller’s and Buyer’s Premium) on the lot and any other damages pertaining to the lot.

6.3 All sales for total invoices greater than $1,000 are strictly for cash in United States dollars (including U.S. currency, bank wire, cashier checks, eChecks, and bank money orders), and are subject to all reporting requirements.

6.4 All deliveries are subject to good funds; funds being received in RR Auction’s account before delivery of the Purchases; and all payments are subject to a clearing period. RR Auction reserves the right to determine if a check constitutes “good funds”: checks drawn on a U.S. bank are subject to a ten (10) calendar day hold, and ten (10) business days when drawn on an international bank. Clients with pre-arranged credit status may receive immediate credit for payments via e-Check, personal or corporate checks.

6.5 In the event that a Bidder’s payment is dishonored upon presentment(s), Bidder shall pay the maximum statutory processing fee set by applicable state law. If Bidder attempts to pay via check and the financial institution denies the transfer from Bidder’s bank account, or the payment cannot be completed using the selected funding source, Bidder agrees to complete payment.

6.7 If RR Auction refers any unpaid invoice to an attorney for collection, the Bidder agrees to pay and shall be liable for RR Auction’s attorney’s fees, court costs, and other collection costs incurred by RR Auction in addition to the invoice amount and interest the greater of 1.5% per month or at the maximum legally allowable rate from date of invoice to collection. If RR Auction assigns collection to its house counsel, such attorney’s time expended on the matter shall be compensated at a rate comparable to the hourly rate of independent attorneys.

6.8 RR Auction shall have a lien against the merchandise purchased by the Bidder (as well as to the extent it is a consignor any other monies owed or due to Bidder) to secure payment of the Auction invoice. RR Auction is further granted a lien and the right to retain possession of any other property of the Bidder then held by RR Auction or its affiliates to secure payment of any Auction invoice or any other amounts due RR Auction or affiliates from the Bidder. With respect to these lien rights, RR Auction shall have all the rights of a secured creditor, including but not limited to the right of sale. In addition, with respect to payment of the Auction invoice(s), the Bidder waives any and all rights of offset he might otherwise have against RR Auction and the consignor of the merchandise included on the invoice (the Consignor”). If a Bidder owes RR Auction or its affiliates on any account, RR Auction and its affiliates shall have the right to offset such unpaid account by any credit balance due Bidder, and it may secure by possessory lien any unpaid amount by any of the Bid-

der’s property in their possession.

6.9 All checks, cashiers checks, bank checks, or money orders are payable to R&R Auction Company of Massachusetts, LLC. RR Auction clients with an invoice totaling $1,000 or under will have the option to pay by VISA, Mastercard, Discover or Paypal. All Paypal payments must be sent to FinanceDepartment@rrauction.com. Authorize.net, a third-party service provider contracted by RR Auction for processing on-line payments, charges a nonrefundable service fee of 3%, which will be added to your final invoice should you pay by credit/debit card.

Section 7 Sales Tax

RR Auction is a remote seller and we are now required to collect Sales/ Use Tax from our bidders. The states that we have nexus in we will be required to collect and remit sales tax on your behalf. Each state has different requirements to meet nexus. When RR Auction has achieved a certain monetary and/or invoice threshold in each state we will apply sales tax to your total invoice. The states that are affected are: ARIZONA, ARKANSAS, CALIFORNIA, COLORADO, CONNECTICUT, FLORIDA, GEORGIA, ILLINOIS, INDIANA, IOWA, KANSAS, KENTUCKY, MAINE, MARYLAND, MASSACHUSETTS, MICHIGAN, MINNESOTA, NEBRASKA, NEVADA, NEW JERSEY, NEW YORK, NORTH CAROLINA, OHIO, OKLAHOMA, PENNSYLVANIA,RHODE ISLAND, TENNESSEE, TEXAS, UTAH, VIRGINIA, WASHINGTON, WISCONSIN

If we have not achieved nexus in a particular state it is still your responsibility to pay sales tax on your purchases.

The sales tax rate is determined by the State, Country, and City where purchases are shipped to. If you decide to pick up your purchases at our New Hampshire location you will not be required to pay sales tax. The State of New Hampshire does not have a general sales and use tax. All purchases picked up at our Massachusetts location will be taxed at the current rate of 6.25%.

If you have a resale number please email Sue@RRAuction.com or fax to (603) 732-4288 a copy of your state resale certificate and you will be exempt from paying sales tax.

Section 8

Delivery; Shipping; and Handling Charges

Bidder is liable for shipping and handling and providing accurate information as to shipping or delivery locations and arranging for such. RR Auction is unable to combine purchases from other auctions or affiliates into one package for shipping purposes. Lots won will be shipped in a commercially reasonable time after payment in good funds for the merchandise and the shipping fees is received or credit extended, except when third-party shipment occurs. Bidder agrees that service and handling charges related to shipping items which are not pre-paid may be charged to a credit card on file with RR Auction.

Successful international Bidders shall provide written shipping instructions, including specified Customs declarations, to RR Auction for any lots to be delivered outside of the United States. NOTE: Declaration value shall be the item’(s) hammer price and RR Auction shall use the correct harmonized code for the lot. Domestic Bidders on lots designated for third-party shipment must designate the common carrier, accept risk of loss, and prepay shipping costs.

All duties, customs, and any other import charges are the responsibility of the bidder.

Section 9

Title

Title shall not pass to the successful Bidder until all invoices of Bidder (including those pertaining to the item(s) at issue) and amounts owed to RR Auction are paid in full. It is the responsibility of the Bidder to provide adequate insurance coverage for the items once they have been delivered to a common carrier or third-party shipper.

Section 10 Rights Reserved

RR Auction reserves the right, at any time before, during or after an auction has ended to: withdraw any lot before or at the time of the Auction, cancel any bid, and/or to postpone the Auction of all or any lots or parts thereof, for any reason. RR Auction shall not be liable to any Bidder in the event of such withdrawal, cancellation, or postponement under any circumstances. RR Auction reserves the right to refuse to accept bids from anyone at any time.

Section 11

Conducting

the Auction

11.1 RR Auction reserves the right to postpone the Auction or any session thereof for a reasonable period of time for any reason whatsoever, and no Bidder or prospective Bidder shall have any claim as a result thereof, including consequential damages.

11.2 RR Auction’s Discretion: RR Auction shall determine opening bids and bidding increments. RR Auction has the right in its absolute discretion to reject any bid in the event of dispute between Bidders or if RR Auction has doubt as to the validity of any bid, to advance the bidding at its absolute discretion and to determine the successful Bidder in the event of a dispute between Bidders, to continue the bidding or to reoffer and resell the lot in question. In the event of a dispute after the sale, RR Auctions record of final sale shall be conclusive. RR Auction also may reject any bid if RR Auction decides either that any bid is below the reserve of the lot or article or that an advance is insufficient. Unless otherwise announced by RR Auction at the time of sale, no lots may be divided for the purpose of sale.

11.3 Reserves

Lots may be subject to a reserve which is the confidential minimum price below which the lot will not be sold. Consignors may not bid on their own lots or property. RR Auction may, from time to time, bid on items that it does not own. RR Auction may execute bids consecutively or otherwise up to one bid increment below the reserve.

11.4 Off-Site Bidding

Bidding by telephone, facsimile, online, or absentee bidding (advance written bids submitted by mail) are offered solely as a convenience and permitted subject to advance arrangements, availability, and RR Auction’s approval which shall be exercised at RR Auction’s sole discretion. Neither RR Auction nor its agents or employees shall be held liable for the failure to execute bids or for errors relating to any transmission or execution thereof. In order to be considered for off-site bidding in any manner, Bidders must comply with all of these Conditions of Sale and the terms contained on the Registration Form.

11.5 Estimate Prices:

In addition to descriptive information, each item in the Catalog sometimes includes a price range which reflects opinion as to the price expected at auction (the “Estimate Prices”). In other instances, Estimate Prices can be obtained by calling RR Auction at (603) 732-4280. The Estimate Prices are based upon various factors including prices recently paid at auction for comparable property, condition, rarity, quality, history and provenance. Estimate Prices are prepared well in advance of the sale and subject to revision. Estimates do not include the Buyer’s Premium or sales tax (see under separate heading).

11.6 Owned or Guaranteed Property:

RR Auction generally offers property consigned by others for sale at public auction; in very limited occasion, lots are offered that are the property of RR Auction.

11.7 Before the Auction:

Bidder may attend pre-sale viewing for all of RR Auction’s auctions at no charge. All property to be auctioned is usually on view for several days prior to the sale. Bidder is encouraged to examine lots thoroughly. Bidder may also request condition reports (see below). RR Auction’s staff are available at viewings and by appointment.

11.8 Maximum Bids In All Auctions:

To maximize Bidder’s chance of winning, RR Auction strongly encourages the use of maximum bids. RR Auction will then bid for Bidder until the lot reaches Bidder’s specified maximum. Maximum bids are strictly confidential. Placing arbitrary, non-incremental bids on lots with prior maximum bids may result in these lots being sold for less than 10% above the under Bidder’s bid.

11.9

Successful Bids:

The fall of RR Auction’s hammer indicates the final bid. RR Auction will record the paddle number of the Bidder. If Bidder’s salesroom or absentee bid is successful, Bidder will be notified after the sale by mailed or emailed invoice.

11.10

Unsold Lots:

If a lot does not reach the reserve, it is bought-in. In other words, it remains unsold and is returned to the Consignor. RR Auction has the right to sell certain unsold items after the close of the Auction. Such lots shall be considered sold during the Auction and all these Terms and Conditions shall apply to such sales including but not limited to the Buyer’s Premium, return rights, and disclaimers.

11.11 Bidding in Timed Auction:

Bidder may open, monitor, and/or raise bids at any time before the close of a lot through www.rrauction.com. RR Auction offers a callback service the day of the Auction, but Bidder is responsible for supplying a correct telephone number(s) where Bidder can be reached until the Auction closes. Bidder must request this service in writing. RR Auction will make reasonable efforts to ensure that Bidders who request a callback are contacted if outbid; however, RR Auction does not guarantee this service and it is merely a courtesy and not an enforceable right. The auctioneer may also execute a bid on behalf of the consignor to protect the reserve, either by entering a bid in response to salesroom, telephone or absentee bids. Under no circumstances will the auctioneer place any bid on behalf of the consignor above the reserve. The auctioneer will not specifically identify bids placed on behalf of the consignor to protect the reserve.

To ensure proper registration, those Bidders intending to bid via the Internet must visit www.RRauction.com and register accordingly at least one full day prior to the actual auction. Winning bidders will be notified by RR Auction. RR Auction is not responsible or liable for any problems, delays, or any other issues or problems resulting out of use of the Internet generally or specifically, including but not limited to transmission, execution or processing of bids.

Any Bidder may bid on any lot prior to 6 pm EST/EDT. At that time, an extended bidding period goes into effect. If Bidder has not bid on a lot before 6 pm EST/EDT, Bidder may not bid on that lot after 6 pm EST/EDT. Only those Bidders who have placed bids on a lot before 6 pm EST/EDT will be allowed to bid on that lot after 6 pm EST/EDT. If Bidder is the only Bidder on a lot at 6 pm EST/EDT, that lot is awarded to Bidder. During the extended bidding period, a lot will remain open only to those who bid on that lot prior to 6 pm EST/EDT. All lots WITHOUT an opening bid at 6 pm EST/EDT will remain OPEN to ALL Bidders until 7 pm EST/EDT or until they receive their first bid. These lots will close immediately upon receipt of a bid or at 7 pm EST/EDT, whichever comes first. For all lots that are active after 7 pm EST/EDT, bidding will remain open until 30 minutes pass without a bid being placed on THAT lot (the “30 Minute Rule”). The 30 Minute Rule is applied on a PER LOT BASIS; each lot in the Auction closes individually based on bidding activity after 7 pm EST/EDT. On a PER LOT BASIS, the 30 minute timer will reset each time a bid is placed after 7 pm EST/EDT. If Bidder is the high Bidder, raising Bidder’s maximum bid will NOT reset the timer. RR Auction reserves the right to close the Auction at any time at its sole discretion.

11.12 Bidding - Internet Live Auction:

Bidder may open, monitor, and/or raise bids at any time before the close of a lot through www.rrauction.com. RR Auction offers a callback service the day of the Auction, but Bidder is responsible for supplying a correct telephone number(s) where Bidder can be reached until the Auction closes. Bidder must request this service in writing. RR Auction will make reasonable efforts to ensure that Bidders who request a callback are contacted if outbid; however, RR Auction does not guarantee this service and it is merely a courtesy and not an enforceable right.

To ensure proper registration, those Bidders intending to bid via the Internet must visit www.RRauction.com and register accordingly at least one full day prior to the actual auction. Winning bidders will be notified by RR

Auction. RR Auction is not responsible or liable for any problems, delays, or any other issues or problems resulting out of use of the Internet generally or specifically, including but not limited to transmission, execution or processing of bids.

During live internet or live auction, property is auctioned in consecutive numerical order, as it appears in the catalog. The auctioneer will accept bids from those present in the salesroom or absentee bidders participating by telephone, internet or by written bid left with RR Auction in advance of the auction. The auctioneer may also execute a bid or bids (successively or otherwise) on behalf of the consignor to protect the reserve, either by entering a bid in response to salesroom, telephone or absentee bids. Under no circumstances will the auctioneer place any bid on behalf of the consignor above the reserve. The auctioneer will not specifically identify bids placed on behalf of the consignor to protect the reserve. All auctions for lots are with reserve unless specifically stated otherwise.

During live Auctions, internet bids can be placed in real time through one or more of the following Third Party services: www.liveauctioneers.com, www.invaluable.com and www.icollector.com. RR Auction is not responsible or liable for any problems, delays, or any other issues or problems resulting out of use of the Internet generally or specifically, including but not limited to transmission, execution or processing of bids. RR Auction treats any third-party site bids as floor or telephone bids. Floor bids and telephone bids are always considered first over third party sites bids, and floor bids are considered earlier than telephone bids. All RR Auction lots purchased through the third-party sites carry an additional Buyer’s Premium.

11.13 Miscellaneous:

Agreements between Bidders and Consignors to effectuate a non-sale of an item at Auction, inhibit bidding on a consigned item to enter into a private sale agreement for said item, or to utilize RR Auction’s Auction to obtain sales for non-selling consigned items subsequent to the Auction, are strictly prohibited. If a subsequent sale of a previously consigned item occurs in violation of this provision, RR Auction reserves the right to charge Bidder the applicable Buyer’s Premium and Consignor a Seller’s Commission as determined for each auction venue and by the terms of the seller’s agreement.

Acceptance of these Terms and Conditions qualifies Bidder as a client who has consented to be contacted by RR Auction in the future. In conformity with ”do-not-call” regulations promulgated by the Federal or State regulatory agencies, participation by the Bidder is affirmative consent to being contacted at the phone number shown in his application and this consent shall remain in effect until it is revoked in writing. RR Auction may from time to time contact Bidder concerning sale, purchase, and auction opportunities available.

11.14 Rules of Construction: RR Auction presents properties in a number of collectible fields, and as such, specific venues have promulgated supplemental Terms and Conditions. Nothing herein shall be construed to waive the general Conditions of Sale by these additional rules and shall be construed to give force and effect to the rules in their entirety.

Section 12

RR Auction’s Remedies

Failure of the Bidder to comply with any of these Conditions of Sale or the terms of the Registration Form is an event of material breach or default. In such event, RR Auction may, in addition to any other available remedies specifically including the right to hold the defaulting Bidder liable for the Purchase Price or to charge and collect from the defaulting Bidder’s credit or debit accounts as provided for elsewhere herein: (a) cancel the sale, retaining any payment made by the Bidder as damages (the Bidder understands and acknowledges that RR Auction will be substantially damaged should such default occur, and that damages under sub-part (a) are necessary to compensate RR Auction for such damages); (b) resell the property without reserve at public auction or privately; (c) charge the Bidder interest on the Purchase Price at the rate of one and one-half percent (1.5%) per month or the highest allowable interest rate; (d) take any other action that RR Auction, in its sole discretion, deems necessary or appropriate to preserve and protect RR Auction’s rights and remedies. Should RR Auction resell the property, the original defaulting Bidder shall be liable for the payment of any deficiency in the purchase price and

all costs and expenses associated there with, including but not limited to warehousing, sales-related expenses, reasonable attorney fees and court costs, commissions, incidental damages and any other charges due hereunder which were not collected or collectable. In the event that such Bidder is the successful Bidder on more than one lot and pays less than the purchase price for the total lots purchased, RR Auction shall apply the payment received to such lot or lots that RR Auction, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate. If RR Auction does not exercise such discretion, the lots to which the payment shall be applied will be in descending order from the highest purchase price to the lowest. Any Bidder failing to comply with these Conditions of Sale shall be deemed to have granted RR Auction a security interest in, and RR Auction may retain as collateral such security for such Bidder’s obligations to RR Auction, any Bidder’s property in RR Auction’s possession or to which title has not yet passed to Bidder. RR Auction shall have the benefit of all rights of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code (U.C.C.) as adopted by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

Section 13 Warranties

13.1 RR Auction does not provide any warranties to Bidders, whether expressed or implied, beyond those expressly provided in these Conditions of Sale. All property and lots are sold ”as is” and “where is”. By way of illustration rather than limitation, neither RR Auction nor the Consignor makes any representation or warranty, expressed or implied, as to merchantability or fitness for intended use, condition of the property (including any condition report), correctness of description, origin, measurement, quality, rarity, importance, exhibition, relevance, attribution, source, provenance, date, authorship, condition, culture, genuineness, value, or period of the property. Additionally, neither RR Auction nor the Consignor makes any representation or warranty, expressed or implied, as to whether the Bidder acquires rights in copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property (including exhibition or reproduction rights) related to the item, or whether the property is subject to any limitations or other rights. RR Auction does not make any representation or warranty as to title.

13.2 All descriptions, photographs, illustrations, and terminology including but not limited to words describing condition (including any condition reports requested by Bidder, see also Terminology), authorship, period, culture, source, origin, measurement, quality, rarity, provenance, importance, exhibition, and relevance, used in the Catalog, bill of sale, invoice, or anywhere else, represent a good faith effort made by RR Auction to fairly represent the lots and property offered for sale as to origin, date, condition, and other information contained therein; they are statements of opinion only. They are not representations or warranties and Bidder agrees and acknowledges that he or she shall not rely on them in determining whether or not to bid or for what price. Price estimates (which are determined well in advance of the Auction and are therefore subject to revision) and condition reports are provided solely as a convenience to Bidders and are not intended nor shall they be relied on by Bidders as statements, representations or warranties of actual value or predictions of final bid prices.

13.3 Bidders are accorded the opportunity to inspect the lots and to otherwise satisfy themselves as to the nature and sufficiency of each lot prior to bidding, and RR Auction urges Bidders to avail themselves accordingly.

13.4 All lots sold by RR Auction are accompanied by an Auction Certificate (“AC”). On any lot presented with an AC issued by RR Auction, the certification is only as to its attribution to the person or entity described or to the lot’s usage and only as explicitly stated therein (the “AC”), to the exclusion of any other warranties, express or implied, including but not limited to those pursuant to the Uniform Commercial Code. The AC inures only to the original Bidder (as shown in RR Auction’s records). Bidder may not transfer, assign, or otherwise convey the AC and such purported transfer, assignment, or conveyance shall be null and void.

Section 14 Firearms

RR Auction complies with all Federal and State rules and regulations relating to the purchasing, registration and shipping of firearms. A Bidder is required to provide appropriate documents and the payment of associated fees, if any. Bidder is responsible for providing a shipping address that is suitable for the receipt of a firearm.

Section 15 Unauthorized Statements

Under no circumstances is any employee, agent or representative of RR Auction authorized by RR Auction to modify, amend, waive or contradict any of these Conditions of Sale, any term or condition set forth on a registration form, any warranty or limitation or exclusion of warranty, any term or condition in either the Registration Form or these Terms and Conditions regarding payment requirements, including but not limited to due date, manner of payment, and what constitutes payment in full, or any other term or condition contained in any documents issued by RR Auction unless such modification, amendment, waiver or contradiction is contained in a writing signed by all parties. Any statements, oral or written, made by employees, agents or representatives of RR Auction to Bidder, including statements regarding specific lots, even if such employee, agent or representative represents that such statement is authorized, unless reduced to a writing signed Bidder and by an authorized officer of RR Auction by all parties, are statements of personal opinion only and are not binding on RR Auction, and under no circumstances shall be relied upon by Bidder as a statement, representation or warranty of RR Auction.

Section 16 Bidder’s Remedies

16.1 Except as stated expressly herein, Bidder’s sole and exclusive remedy related to or pertaining to items it bids upon, views, or purchases from RR Auction, and any claims by Bidder related to authenticity, ownership, condition, title or value, shall be against Consignor only.

16.2 This section sets forth the sole and exclusive remedies of Bidder as against RR Auction (inclusive of its affiliates, officers, managers, employees or agents), or in any way arising out of, related to, or in connection with these Conditions of Sale, , and is expressly in lieu of any other rights or remedies which might be available to Bidder by law. Time is of the essence with respect to these procedures.

16.3 Title to Items

The Bidder hereby accepts the benefit of the Consignor’s warranty of title and any other representations and warranties made by the Consignor for the Bidder’s benefit. In the event that Bidder demonstrates in writing, satisfactory to the sole discretion of RR Auction, that there was a breach of the Consignor’s warranty of title concerning a lot purchased by Bidder, RR Auction may make demand upon the Consignor to pay to Bidder the Purchase Price (including any premiums, taxes, or other amounts paid or due to RR Auction). Should the Consignor not pay the Purchase Price to Bidder within thirty days after such demand (if any made), RR Auction may disclose the identity of the Consignor to Bidder and may assign to Bidder all or some of RR Auction’s rights against the Consignor with respect to such lot or property. Upon such disclosure and/or assignment, all responsibility and liability of RR Auction, if any, with respect to said lot or item shall automatically terminate related to or arising from these Conditions of Sale or such transaction operating as a complete waiver and general release by Bidder as to RR Auction and its agents, contractors, and affiliates, as to any and all claims concerning or related to the item, if any . RR Auction shall be entitled to retain the premiums and other amounts paid to RR Auction by Consignor only. The rights and remedies provided herein are for the original Bidder only and they may not be assigned or relied upon by any transferee or assignee under any circumstances.

16.4 Authenticity Challenge Process

(1) If Bidder wishes to dispute or challenge the Authenticity of the lot or item (including asserting that it is incorrect), Bidder must adhere to the following procedure: Within 30 days of the Auction Date, Bidder must present written evidence to RR Auction, that the lot is not authentic as determined by a known expert in the field (and one recognized by RR Auction within its discretion) and send the physical item or lot at issue to RR Auction along with all evidence relied upon by Bidder for contesting the Authenticity. (“Authenticity Challenge Process”) “Authenticity” shall mean a gross discrepancy in the between the description, genuiness, or attribution of the item as represented by RR Auction in the Catalog or at the auction, and the item. If RR Auction concurs that the lot is not Authentic as

was represented (it is sole discretion), Bidder’s sole and exclusive remedy as against RR Auction (inclusive of its affiliates, agents, employees, and contractors) shall be a refund of the purchase price of the subject item paid by Bidder, with no other costs, liabilities or amounts recoverable by Bidder. If RR Auction does not agree with the assertion by Bidder, then the Parties shall follow the dispute resolution procedures of these Conditions of Sale. Strict adherence to the Authenticity Challenge Process is a condition of standing for Bidder to initiate suit or claim.

(2) So long as Bidder has complied with the Authenticity Challenge Process, any claim, suit or action, by Bidder concerning an AC or Certification of Authenticity, or related to the authenticity of the item must, without any exception, be brought within one (1) year of Auction Date and is subject to the other limitations and conditions stated in the Conditions of Sale.

16.5 Other Issues. Any dispute or claim by Bidder against RR Auction (or its affiliates, directors, employees, officers, agents, or contractors)) other than Authenticity, concerning any item or lot bid upon, or purchased, including value, title, condition, bidding process, or description must be asserted (if at all) in the following manner:

(1) If the description of any lot in the Catalog is materially or grossly incorrect (e.g., gross cataloging error), or there is any other gross material issue pertaining to the item or lot, the item or lot may be returned if returned within five (5) calendar days of receipt, and received by RR Auction no later than twenty-one (21) calendar days after the Auction Date with explanation in writing.. If there is any discrepancy between the description in the Catalog and a certificate of auction, then the description in the certificate of auction (“Lot Challenge Process”). This paragraph shall constitute Bidder’s sole right with respect to the return of items, and no refunds shall be given for any items not returned to and received by RR Auction within the period of time stated herein or not materially or grossly in deviation from the description. Such a refund is subject to RR Auction’s sole discretionary review, and any request for refund must be made concurrently with returning the physical item or lot to RR Auction. Any item not returned within said frame will constitute acceptance of the item and a waiver and release of any and all claims by Bidder pertaining to the item other than with respect to authenticity; and

(2) Provided that the Bidder has engaged in the Lot Challenge Process, any claim concerning such must be brought no later than one (1) year of the Auction Date for the item or lot at issue and is subject to the other limitations and conditions stated in the Conditions of Sale.

NO RETURN OR REFUND OF ANY AUCTION LOT WILL BE CONSIDERED OR PROVIDED EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN THESE CONDITIONS OF SALE AND BIDDERS OR AS MAY BE REQUIRED BY LAW. FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH SUCH SHALL BE A COMPLETE DEFENSE TO ANY CLAIMS BY BIDDER RELATED TO THE CONDITIONS OF SALE, ANY AUCTION OR BID.

16.6 LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. For any and all claims by Bidder arising out of or related to this Agreement, Bidder’s viewing, bid, or purchase of items, or any agreement between the Parties, or otherwise, Bidder agrees that to the fullest extent such can be limited under the law, Bidder shall have no right to recover and hereby waives any and all rights to recover from against RR Auction or its affiliates, directors, employees, officers, agents, or contractors, consequential or indirect damages, lost profits damages, punitive, exemplary, statutory (or multiplier damages), physical or emotional distress damages, general or special damages of any kind (beyond amounts actually paid by Bidder for item(s) at issue), and in the event of recovery of any damages whatsoever, such shall be limited by the amounts actually paid by Bidder to RR Auction for the item(s) at issue in such claim, or if no money was paid to RR Auction by Bidder for items at issue, or there items are at issue, the amount of $150.00.

Section 17

RR Auction’s Additional Services

For Bidders who do not remove purchased property from RR Auction’s premises, RR Auction, in its sole discretion and solely as a service and accommodation to Bidders, may arrange to have purchased lots packed, insured and forwarded at the sole request, expense, and risk of Bidder. RR Auction assumes no and disclaims all responsibility and liability for

acts or omissions in such packing or shipping by RR Auction or other packers and carriers, whether or not recommended by RR Auction. RR Auction assumes no and disclaims all responsibility and liability for damage to frames, glass or other breakable items. Where RR Auction arranges and bills for such services via invoice, RR Auction will include an administration charge.

Section 18

Headings

Headings are for convenience only and shall not be used to interpret the substantive sections to which they refer.

Section 19 Entire Agreement

Except to the extent Bidder is also a consignor (in which case the terms of the consignment agreement shall also govern), these Conditions of Sale constitute the entire agreement between the Parties together with the terms and conditions contained in the auction Registration Form. They may not be amended, modified or superseded except in a signed writing executed by all parties. No oral or written statement by anyone employed by RR Auction or acting as agent or representative of RR Auction may amend, modify, waive or supersede the terms herein unless such amendment, waiver or modification is contained in a writing signed by all parties.

If any section of these Conditions of Sale or any term or provision of any section is held to be invalid, void, or unenforceable by any court or arbitrator of competent jurisdiction, the remaining parts of the agreement and remainder of the sections or terms and provisions of the section and all sections shall continue in full force and effect without being impaired or invalidated in any way.

Section 20

Governing Law and Enforcement

20.1 The Parties agree that all agreements between the Parties including but not limited to these Conditions of Sale are entered into in Boston, Massachusetts, no matter where Bidder is situated and no matter by what means or where Bidder was informed of the Auction and regardless of whether catalogs, materials, or other communications were received by Bidder in another location.

20.2 The Parties agree that these Conditions of Sale, any other related agreement(s), along with all claims between the Parties, including those arising out of or related to such are governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, without regard for its conflict of laws principles. The Parties agree that any dispute between the Parties, including but not limited to those related to or arising out of these Conditions of Sale, or related to or arising out of any other related agreement(s) shall be submitted to confidential binding arbitration (the ”Arbitration”) before a single Arbitrator of the American Arbitration Association (the “AAA”) The Parties agree that the Arbitration shall be conducted pursuant to the commercial rules of the AAA in Boston, Massachusetts, unless the Consumer Arbitration Rules apply, in which case, such rules and venue will govern. In the event that the Parties cannot agree on the selection of the Arbitrator, then the Arbitrator shall be selected by the AAA. The prevailing Party in the Arbitration shall also recover all of its related fees and costs, whether before or after the formal institution of the Arbitration, including but not limited to its reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs, if RR Auction prevails, such recovery, in addition to all remedies available at agreement or law, shall include the Buyer’s Premium as defined in these Conditions of Sale. Federal arbitration law, including the Federal Arbitration Act apply to this agreement to arbitrate and its related provisions. The arbitration and all related proceedings shall be held strictly confidential and all documents and discovery shall be held confidential and not used, published or disclosed publically or to anyone outside the Parties or expert consultants or counsel who shall agree to hold such confidential.

20.3 The Parties consent to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts as exclusive jurisdiction and venue for all claims between the Parties except as provided specifically herein and may seek confirmation of the decision in the Arbitration pursuant to the Federal Arbitration Act in any Court of competent jurisdiction, including the courts of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts or the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. To the extent such is necessary under the law, RR Auction

may enforce the Arbitration award against Bidder and any related Party in any court of competent jurisdiction. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as RR Auction consenting to jurisdiction or venue in any location outside of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

THE PARTIES MAY NOT BRING CLAIMS AGAINST EACH OTHER AS A CLASS OR CLASS MEMBER IN ANY CLAIMED CLASS, OR IN A REPRESENTATIVE ACTION UNLESS OTHERWISE AGREED. UNLESS OTHERWISE AGREED, THE CLAIMS AGAINST EACH OF THE OTHER CANNOT BE CONSOLIDATED OR JOINED WITH MORE THAN ONE ADDITIONAL PERSON OR ENTITIES’ CLAIMS. NO INJUNCTIVE OR DECLARATORY RELIEF SOUGHT BY BIDDER IF ANY, CAN AFFECT OR BE ORDERED TO AFFECT ANY OTHER BIDDERS OR PERSONS.

20.4 Except as provided specifically in these Conditions of Sale in Bidder’s Remedies against RR Auction (along with its affiliates, directors, agents, officers, employees, and contractors) for any dispute, claim, cause of action related to or arising out of these Conditions of Sale or any other related agreement(s), brought by Bidder must be brought within the earlier of the Auction Date as it pertains to the item(s) at issue or no later than one (1) year of the acts, omissions or circumstances occurred giving rise to the alleged claim, without exception. This provision is intended as a full, complete and absolute bar to and release of any claims by Bidder initiated after one (1) year of such acts, omissions or circumstances. The Parties agree further that these waiver provisions are intended to be binding in the event of any dispute, specifically including but not limited to third party claims and cross-actions brought by Bidder. These provisions are consideration for the execution of these Conditions of Sale.

20.5 To the fullest extent under applicable law and except as specifically stated herein Bidder hereby holds harmless, releases and discharges RR Auction and its agents, officer’s directors, affiliates, successors, and assigns from any and all claims, liabilities, obligations, promises, agreements, damages, causes of action, suits, demands, losses, debts, and expenses of any nature whatsoever, known or unknown, suspected or unsuspected existing prior to these Conditions of Sale. Bidder agrees to the Conditions of Sale and upon each instance that Bidder participates in any auction, bids, or otherwise agrees to such terms and reaffirms this release as of the date of so participating or agreeing unless Bidder otherwise provides clear written notice to RR Auction prior to so bidding.

20.6 The Bidder hereby agrees that RR Auction shall be entitled to present these Conditions of Sale to a court in any jurisdiction other than set forth in this paragraph as conclusive evidence of the Parties agreement, and the Parties further agree that the court shall immediately dismiss any action filed in such jurisdiction.

20.7 Liquidated Damages for Specific Breaches

In the event that Bidder provides false information in connection with registering for bidding, fails to correct or update information or breaches the Conditions of Sale by failing to pay the purchase price when due after becoming the winning bidder, as liquidated damages associated with such breaches, R&R may obtain from Bidder the greater of (1) 150% the reserve of the item (if any); (2) the amount bidder bid; or (3), the full amount that bidder would have otherwise paid. Bidder will also be liable for an additional 20% of such amount to account for additional administrative costs, shipping, additional advertising, and other damages and liabilities fees that are difficult to calculate on an item-by-item basis.

20.8 Indemnity. Bidder agrees to defend, indemnify, hold harmless RR Auction (along with its officers, directors, agents, contractors, and affiliates) from and against any and all claims, costs, fees, damages, and liabilities arising out of or related to these Conditions of Sale, view of items, or lots, bidding, or participation in any auction by RR Auction, and/or or in any way connected to any item you viewed, bid upon or purchased through RR Auction.

Section 21: State-by-State Law Issues

This Auction is being conducted in and the sale shall take place in the State of Massachusetts. Notwithstanding, the foregoing, should these terms and conditions violate the law of any State should that state’s law be found to govern, or any provision herein determined to be invalid, the clause itself and the remainder of the Agreement shall be valid to the

fullest extent allowed. Also, to the extent other states law apply to any transaction arising out of the Agreement (without admitting such), RR Auction states:

For Residents of California:

SALE OF AUTOGRAPHED COLLECTIBLES: AS REQUIRED BY LAW, A DEALER WHO SELLS TO A CONSUMER ANY COLLECTIBLE DESCRIBED AS BEING AUTOGRAPHED MUST PROVIDE A WRITTEN EXPRESS WARRANTY AT THE TIME OF SALE. THIS DEALER MAY BE SURETY BONDED OR OTHERWISE INSURED TO ENSURE THE AUTHENTICITY OF ANY AUTOGRAPHED COLLECTIBLE SOLD BY THIS DEALER.

A written express warranty is provided with each autographed collectible, as required by law. This dealer may be surety bonded or otherwise insured to ensure the authenticity of any autographed collectible sold by this dealer.

Section 22 Glossary of Condition terms

Information provided to prospective Bidders with respect of any lot, including any pre-sale estimate, whether written or oral, and information in any catalogue, condition or other report, commentary or valuation, is not a representation of fact but rather a statement of opinion held by RR Auction.

Use of the following terms constitutes an opinion as follows:

VERY FINE describes an item believed to be in virtually flawless condition, and is used sparingly for items of exceptionally attractive appearance.

FINE is the most common statement of condition, and applies to most items that we offer. It describes items that we believe to show expected handling wear, generally acceptable random flaws (such as light creases, small bends, etc.), and an overall appearance that is pleasing to the majority of collectors.

VERY GOOD describes an item that we believe exhibits more moderate flaws (such as toning, light staining, professional reinforcements or repairs, etc.). Most collectors would be comfortable with items in very good condition, and this would be the expected condition for many formats (early presidential documents, for example).

GOOD describes an item which we believe to have obvious visible flaws, including heavy wear, missing portions, or repairs that affect appearance; generally items in this condition are offered only if an item is otherwise believed to be exceedingly rare or important.

Bidder may call and request further details and information about RR Auction’s opinions concerning any item via phone or email which shall provided in RR Auction’s discretion.

Certificate of Auction, Certificate of Authenticity and Goods Acquired:

Bidder warrants that Bidder (and its agents, assigns, successors, and affiliates) shall not purposely deface, destroy, dismember, cut-up into parts the item or Lot purchased at auction from RR Auction and in the event such shall occur whether purposefully or accidently, Bidder (and its agents, assigns, successors, and affiliates) shall refrain from advertising, promoting, or marketing the item as having been purchased from RR Auction and shall in no event display, expressly claim, or imply that the item was certified or auctioned in such state by RR Auction. As liquidated damages for such breach, Bidder agrees to be liable to RR Auction for the greater of the amount of three (3) times the hammer price of the item along with all other fees and costs as otherwise provided in this Terms of Sale.