Hola mahigh school may 2016

Hola MaHigh School Volume 5, Issue 2

i H r e Aft

ol o h c gh-S

Gauteng, home to Africa’s economic powerhouse, Johannesburg, boasts an exciting mix of urban lifestyle, diverse cultural and natural attractions, as well as advanced infrastructure.

Call us and we’ll show you why Gauteng in South Africa is the perfect location to bring your big idea to vibrant, colourful life.

Contents 06 Editor’s letter 08 Writers needed 10 Contributors 11 Holler at us 14 What Next - After High-school 24 Coal is not Green 26 Quotes 27 Stats - Disabled

We nee

d writ

ers!

Ou That is r writers are og cou rse goo growing up Therefo and get d. BUT re: wo .... uld yo it means the ting older u like towrite y are leaving Wha t us for us?

That is requir ed? is ea sy You have to be in gra Impe de 10 ccab -12 guag le in e-and your try to prefer that mi be mo red re tha ght not be lann jus Pass t En English. ionate glish We no du ll art about yo icles ur top here ic of choic e -

Is it impor

tant

YES

Do yo u

get an ything Well out of , it? if we not mone y, have publish yo sorrry. : BUT ur art icles you Your will bio in A ph oto of a comm You ercial yours can maga elf put it you zine can all on yo us ... an ur CV d it go e us as a ref es in erenc your e portf olio

Look

what

?

it is.

Rofh

iwa sa id:

My nam e is Rofh I think iwa and I am I love to I took my rather dec write. ent express talent and hav writer too. my thou e dealing ghts on used it to s publishe of the world whiinternational d has paid in Hola MaH ch have been igh-Sch off, not ool. It ed for only is young my wor people to read k printin , but it also con the country gettng tributed a do my bursary from to me post-gr CNBC-A aduate frica to be a lot studies. harder Wou to get platform by if I didn ld like Hol a MaH igh-Sch ’t have ool.

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Contents 28 Disabled issues 32 Really Silly ... countries 34 The Interview 36 Time is Right 40 Stats - Renewable energy 44 The US Primaries 46 Next Issue

Editors Letter I think we are on the right track now. At least I am having a lot of fun doing this. But let me tell you. Lay-out is an art. It is just not easy and it reqyires a lot of skills.

Not sure we are there yet, but hey, we are surely improving every day.

This issue is dedicated to ‘What Next ... After Highschool. It comprises a comprehensive list of TVET’s and universities. We have tried to check both telephone numbers and website addresses.

BUT even so, something could have changed.

‘Coal is not green’is our article from our new writer Mazisiba. Read on. And Fikile is back on track with initiatives pertaining to disabled.

All good stuff. ... and then we have the fun: Really silly countries and the quotes. Good read,

Sybil

Time for poems: Call for poems! I like poems. Those make my day. ‌ and here is the challenge.

Anyone out there having poems? I would be so happy to see some.

A poem about time It is about time, yes, about time to write about time So what it is about time? Time is about so many things Here are poems all about the moon and the stars and the endless universe When time is something I can hold in my hand Like when I hold your hand in mine That is the time we have So it is about time to time our actions To utilise the only time we have By holding your hand in mine At that moment when it is about time to do that Sybil

We need writers!

Our writers are growing up and getting older That is og course good. BUT.... it means they are leaving us Therefore: would you like towrite for us?

What is required?

That is easy You have to be in grade 10-12 Impeccable in your preferred language-and that might not be English. We try to be more than just English Passionate about your topic of choice no dull articles here

Do you get anything out of it?

Well, not money, sorrry. BUT if we publish your articles you will have: Your bio in a commercial magazine A photo of yourself You can put it all on your CV you can use us as a reference ... and it goes in your portfolio

Is it important?

YES it is.

Look what Rofhiwa said: My name is Rofhiwa and I love to write.

I think I am rather decent writer too.

I took my talent and have used it to express my thoughts on international dealings of the world which have been published in Hola MaHigh-School. It has paid off, not only is my work printed for young people in the country to read, but it also contributed to me gettng a bursary from CNBC-Africa to do my post-graduate studies. Would be a lot harder to get by if I didn’t have platform like Hola MaHigh-School.

What

Email

me o

to do

?

n iva n co.za @romele . : nam e scho Cell n ol E-ma umber ... and il addres s we w ill tal k!

Meet our contributors My name is Masiziba, a 16 year old girl from a small rural town called Balfour in Mpumalanga. I am a matriculant in wait. My mother worked as a domestic worker and my father is a backyard Farmer. During my spare time I love reading, writing stories and watching TV. I am a confident girl who has big dreams and wants to prove that you can make it whatever your background is

Pinky Rapoo is a creative writer by nature and not yet by profession.She lives in Vosloorus and is currently in grade 12 at Vosloorus Comprehensive SecondarySchool. Listening to music is her hobby,writing is her passion. Her motto is “Think twice before speaking,think three times before acting and think thoroughly before writing”.

My name is Fikile Unifire Zulu. First and foremost I’m a career driven, bold, diligent, go-getter and self-motivated young lady from Evaton West in the Vaal Triangle.

I’m a firm believer in reading because it nurtures ones’ mind and makes you see the world from a new perspective.

I co-founded a non-profit organistation and I also write.

I love relaxing with nothing but a book and I enjoy writing.

HOLLER AT US Hola MaHigh-School

The stuff we need to mention: Editor & Publisher Sybil Otterstrom sybil@romele.co.za

Advertising sales Next level Management services cc 011 614 5046 076 360 1792 sybil@next-level.co.za Publlishing Romele Publications cc 32 Eleanor street Troyeville 2094 011 614 5046/076 360 1792

Website www.romele.co.za

Hola Ma High School When you post your comments here, it will go to the website

Enquiries Romele Publications cc 32 Eleanor Street Troyeville 2094 Production and Art Direction Ivan Otterstrom ivan@romele.co.za Distribution On-The-Dot Printing United Litho

follow us on Twitter @holamahigh When you post your comments here, it will go to the website

South WeSt GautenG technical

and

Voc

APPLY NOW AND STAND A CHANCE T THE SECOND SEMESTER AND

“Sharpen your skills, Unleash your passion, Join the Economy and Shape up your Career at opportunity to all Grade 10-12 learners as well as youth seeking to further their education o Utility Studies.

As only a limited number of spaces are available in certain programmes, prospective studen

We are therefore inviting all eligible and interested prospective students to apply for any of

SEMESTER PROGRAMMES Business Studies

U

Report 191/Nated Programme Offered

Level

Campus

Business Management

N4 - N6

Dobsonville / Roodepoort

Marketing Management

N4 - N6

Dobsonville

Human Resource Management

N4 - N6

Dobsonville

Public Management

N4 - N6

Dobsonville

Management Assistant

N4 - N6

Roodepoort

Financial Management

N4 - N6

Roodepoort

DISTANCE EDUCATION

TRIMESTER P

Offered at Technisa Campus only Programme Offered

Business Management

Utility Studiwes

Engineering Studies

Engineering Stu

LEVEL

Report 191/Nated

Business Management

N4 - N6

Programme Offere

Financial Management

N4 - N6

Civil Engineering

Human Resource Management

N4 - N6

Electrical Engineerin

Management Assistant

N4 - N6

Electrical Engineerin

Marketing Management

N4 - N6

Mechanical Enginee

Public Management

N4 - N6

Water & Waste-wate Management

Public Relations

N4 - N6

Tourism

N4 - N6

Educare

N4 - N6

Civil Engineering

N1 - N6

Electrical Engineering

N1 - N3

Electrical Engineering

N1 - N6

Machanical Engineering

N1 - N6

Water & Waste- Water Management

N1 - N3

DHET BURSARIES THOUGH THEY AR TO THE STUDENT THROUGH THE M MAKE THE WISE PLY NOW!

SWGC Pe

For further enquiries on applications, please contact any of our Campuses on 086Â headoffice@swgc.co.za or visit us on www.swgc.co.z Head Office Contact Centre Dobsonville Campus 1822A Molele Street, Klip Valley/Union Street, Kliptown 5604 Van Onselen Road, Dobsonville c/o Koma Road, Molapo Roodepoort Campus Roodepoort West Campus Technisa Campus 1 Lawson Street, Roodepoort West Cnr Main and Huguenot, Blairgow 1 Webber Avenue, Horizon

cational

education

and

traininG colleGe

TO BE INVITED TO ENROLL FOR D THIRD TRIMESTER 2016!

t South West Gauteng TVET College.” The College is offering an or advance their careers in the fields of Engineering, Business and

nts are advised to apply for enrolment at the College, NOW!

the following courses/programmes provided that they meet the set requirements:

Utility Studies Report 191/Nated Programme Offered

Level

Campus

Introductory Clothing Construction

N4

George Tabor

Clothing Production

N4-N6

George Tabor

Educare

N4-N6

Roodepoort

Hospitality & Catering Services

N4-N6

Roodepoort

Popular Music (Composition, Studio Work & Performance)

N4-N6

Dobsonville

PROGRAMMES

udies

d

ed

Level

Campus

N1-N6

Molapo

ng

N1-N3

Molapo

ng

N1-N6

Roodepoort West

ering

N1-N6

Molapo

er

N1-N3

Roodepoort West

S ARE AVAILABLE, EVEN RE NOT GARANTEED, EVEN TS THAT ARE DEEMED NEEDY MEANS TEST CHOICE, KHETHA AND AP-

eriod! Enough Said!

176 8849, Fax: 011 984 1262, za George Tabor Campus e 1440 Mncube Drive, Dube

Molapo Campus wrie 1822B Molele Street, c/o Koma Road, Molapo

Application procedure:

1. Manual Application forms can be obtained at any of the College Sites/Campuses and, or on the College Website; www.swgc.co.za 2. Online Applications can be found on the College’s Website: www.swgc.co.za and maybe completed electronically, please ensure to follow the system rules.

3. Returning of the Application Forms: - Semester Application Forms

• Completed application forms to be sent to any of the College Sites, by hand, fax, email or post using the details or addresses given below, but must reach the College no later than 10 June 2016

• Applicants will be notified of their acceptance / non-acceptance no later than 24 June 2016 - Third Trimester Application Forms

• Completed application forms to be sent to any of the College Sites, by hand, fax, email or post using the details or addresses given below. Completed Forms may be submitted from the 1 June 2016 and must reach the College no later than 1 August 2016

• Applicants will be notified of their acceptance / non-acceptance no later than 24 August 2016 - Distance Learning

• Applications are opened throughout the year.

4. Completed Application forms must be accompanied by the following documents:

- Certified copy of Identity document.

- Certified copy of latest results/qualification

LATE APPLICATIONS WILL NOT BE CONSIDERED! Address all correspondence to Private Bag X33, Tshiawelo, 1817. Distance Education correspondence to Private Bag X7, Pinegowrie, 2123

The big WHAT NEXT .. after high School This is the big What Next list. It is as comprehensive as we can make it.

The university list is OK. all the websites are there, and it is all working.

The TVET’s are there, but not all websites are working.

Please check it yourself without blaming me.

The telephone numbers are listed as per government websites, but alas, not all working.

All info is coming from government websites and from our own ‘tests’.

A word of advise: This is all the government listed entities.

BUT there are a lot of private schools as well, too numerous to list.

These are the likes of Damelin, Boston, etc etc. Just make sure that the one you are interested in is çertified’. In essence: if in doubt, phone Department of Higher Education.

Not difficult really.

GOOD LUCK!

Sybil

Name Website Cape Peninsula University of Technology www.cput.ac.za Central University of Technology www.cut.ac.za Durban University of Technology www.dut.ac.za Mangosuthu University of Technology www.mut.ac.za Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University www.nmmu.ac.za North-West University www.nwu.ac.za Rhodes University www.ru.ac.za Tshwane University of Technology www.tut.ac.za University of Cape Town www.uct.ac.za University of Fort Hare www.ufh.ac.za University of Johannesburg www.uj.ac.za University of KwaZulu-Natal www.ukzn.ac.za University of Limpopo www.ul.ac.za University of Pretoria www.up.ac.za University of South Africa www.unisa.ac.za University of Stellenbosch www.sun.ac.za University of the Free State www.ufs.ac.za University of the Western Cape www.uwc.ac.za University of the Witwatersrand www.wits.ac.za University of Venda www.univen.ac.za University of Zululand www.uzulu.ac.za Vaal University of Technology www.vut.ac.za Walter Sisulu University for Technology and Science www.wsu.ac.za National institute for higher education - NC www.nihenc.ac.za National institute for higher education - MP www.nihemp.ac.za

Part 2 of the TVET list - try to lo of different courses here, and here to stay and these offer r çertified’(of course).

Name

Boland College

Buffalo City Public Fet College

Capricorn College for TVET

Central Johannesburg TVET College

Coastal KZN TVET College

College of Cape Town

Eastcape Midlands TVET College

Ehlanzeni TVET College.

Ekurhuleni East College

Ekurhuleni West TVET College

Elangeni College for further Education and Training Esayidi TVET College

False Bay College

Flavius Mareka TVET College

Gert Sibande TVET College

Goldfields FET College

King Hintsa TVET College

Lephalale FET College

Sekhukhune TVET College

Vhembe FET College

Waterberg TVET College

Letaba FET College

Mopani South East TVET College

LOVEDALE PUBLIC TVET COLLEGE

Majuba College

Maluti TVET College

Motheo FET College,

address

85 Bird St, Stellenbosch 7599

Lukin Road, Selborne, East London 16 Market Street, 0699 POLOKWANE 5 Ubla Avenue, off Princess of Wales Terrac 1 Jameson Crescent, UMBILO, 4013 334 Albert Road, Salt River, 7925

Constitution St, Grahamstown 6139 29 Bell Street, Nelspruit, 1200

Sam Ngema Road, Kwa-Thema, Springs Cnr. Driehoek and Sol Roads, Germiston 15 Porstmouth Road, Pinetown Lot 462, Nelson Mandela Drive, Port Sheps Main Road, Muizenberg, 7945 Cnr Hertzog Road and Fraser Street, Sasolb No. 18a Dr.Beyers Naudé Street, Standerto 6 Buren Street, Flamingo Park, Welkom, Fr 218 Mthatha Road , Next To WSU, Ibika C/o Nelson Mandela & Ngoako Ramatlho Stand no 676, Motetema, 0473 203 Sibasa, Unit A, Sibasa 0970

36 Hooge Street, Mokopane, 0600 No 1 Claude Wheatley Street, Tzaneen Cnr Combretium & Harlem, Phalaborwa, 13 1 Amatola Row, King William’s Town 83 Allen Street Newcastle 2940

High Street, BETHLEHEM 9700 c/o St Georges and Alliwal Streets, Bloemfo

ook them up. There are a lot d it is worth to enroll. TVETs are recognised courses and are all

ce, Pa

stone,

burg, on, 2430 ree State

odi Drive, On

390

ontein

phone

021 886 7110 043 722 5450 015 230 1800 011 643 8420 031 206 0610 021 404 6700 046 636 1570 013 752 7100 011 730 6600 011 323 1600 031 716 6700 4039 684 011 021 003 0600 1016 976 082 017 712 9040 057 910 6000 047 401 6400 014 763 2250 013 269 0270 015 516 4770 015 491 8580 015 307 5440 015 781 5720 043 604 0700 034 326 4880 058 713 6100 051 406 9300

web site www.bolandcollege.com/ www.bccollege.co.za/ www.capricorncollege.co.za/ www.cjc.edu.za/ www.coastalkzn.co.za www.cct.edu.za www.emcol.co.za www.ehlanzenicollege.co.za www.eec.edu.za www.ewc.edu.za www.efet.co.za www.esayidifet.co.za www.falsebaycollege.co.za www.flaviusmareka.net www.gscollege.co.za www.gfc.za.net www.kinghintsacollege.edu.za www.lephalalefetcollege.co.za www.sekfetcol.org www.vhembefet.co.za www.waterbergcollege.co.za www.letabafet.co.za www.mopanicollege.edu.za www.lovedalecollege.co.za www.majuba.edu.za www.malutifet.org www.motheofet.co.za

The list of TVETs. ment TVETs and th sically all ther

Name

address

Northern Cape Rural TVET College

steve naude street, Upington, 8800 Nothern Cape Urban FET College

37 Long Street, Kimberley, 8300

Northlink College

80 Voortrekker Road, BELLVILLE, 7530 ORBIT TVET College

Fatima Bhayat Street, RUSTENBURG, 0299 Port Elizabeth TVET College

richmond hill, richmond Park, Port Elizabeth Sedibeng TVET College

37 Voortrekker Street, Vereeniging South Cape TVET College

125 MITCHELL STREET, GEORGE, 6530 South West Gauteng technical anf vocational education and training college 822 A Molele Street, Cnr Koma Road, Molap Taletso FET College

Dr Albert Luthuli, Mmabatho

Thekwini TVET College

262 D’Aintree Avenue, Asherville, Durban Tshwane North College

Cnr. Potgieter & Pretorius Streets, Pretoria Tshwane South TVET College

85 Francis Baard (formerly known as Schoe Umfolozi TVET College

Naboomnek Street, Arboretum, Richards Ba Umgungundlovu FET College

44 Burger Street, Pietermaritzburg, 3201 Vuselela TVET College

8 Bram Fischer Street, Klerksdorp, 2571 West Coast College

48 Voortrekker Road, Clicks Building, Malm Ikhala Public FET College

Gwadana Drive Zone D, Ezibeleni, Queensto Ingwe TVET College

Badibanise Village, Mount Frere

king Sabata Dalindyebo FET College

R61 Queenstown Road, Cicira Village, Mtha Western College for Further Education and Training 42 Johnstone Street RANDFONTEIN Mnambithi College for Further Education and Training 77 Murchison Street, C.B.A, Ladysmith, 3370 Mthashana FET College

266 South Street Vryheid KwaZulu Natal 31 Nkangala FET College

Cnr Haig & Northey, Witbank, 1035

These are governhe websites are bare, but not all!

h

phone

054 331 3830 053 839 2060 08600 65465 014 592 7010 041 586 0000 016 422 6640 044 884 0350

web site www.ncrfet.co.za www.ncufetcollege.edu.za www.northlink.co.za www.orbitcollege.co.za www.pecollege.edu.za www.sedcol.co.za www.sccollege.co.za

po Soweto

eman Str ay

mesbury own 53260

atha, 50

0 100

086 176 8840 018 384 2340 031 250 8400 012 401 1600 086 144 1110 035 902 9500 0860 105 790 018 406 7800 022 482 1140 047 873 8800 039 255 0340 047 505 1000 011 692 4000 036 638 3800 034 980 1010

www.swgc.co.za www.taletsofetcollege.co.za www.thekwinicollege.co.za www.tnc4fet.co.za www.tsc.edu.za www.umfolozicollege.co.za www.ufetcollege.co.za www.vuselelacollege.co.za www.westcoastcollege.co.za www.ikhalacollege.co.za www.ingwecollege.edu.za www.ksdfetcollege.co.za www.westcol.co.za

013 690 1430

www.nkangalafet.edu.za

www.mthashanafet.co.za

CALENDAR 2016

MAR Construction Focus Week – Grade 9 - 12 Launch My Career – Grade 11

Food for Life Holiday Program

Bloodhound Rocketry Course Electronics Club – (Intro) – Grade 10 & 11 Fame Lab Speak2aScientist

APR Launch My Career – Grade 11

Bloodhound Rocketry Course Electronics Club – (Intro) – Grade 10 & 11 Mathematics Week – Grade Subject Choice – Grade 9

FOCUS WEEK

ENQUIRING MINDS PROGRAMME

Speak2aScientist

1 - 29 FEBRUARY

JANUARY Life after school – Grade 12

25 Jan. - 12 Feb.

FEBRUARY Life After School – Grade 12

25 Jan. - 12 Feb.

Enquiring Minds Programme – Grade 12 - 3

1 - 29

Finance, Banking & Investment Industry Focus Days– Grade 9 - 12

24 - 25

Finding my Way– Grade 7

15 - 19

Electronics Club - (Intro) – Grade 10 & 11

Feb. - Sep.

Speak2aScientist

25

Spea

Scie

RCH 8 - 11 7 - 11

mme

19 Mar. - 4 Apr.

e

29 Mar. - 2 Apr. Feb. - Sep. 22 31

RIL 11 - 15

e

29 Mar. - 2 Apr. Feb. - Sep.

4 - 12

18 - 22 18 - 29 28

ak 2a

MAY Electronics Club – (Intro) – Grade 10 & 11

Feb. - Sep.

Health Science Week – Grade 4 - 12

16 - 20

Engineering Focus Week – Grade 9 - 12

23 - 27

Subject Choice – Grade 9

3-6

Minquiz (Provincial)

19

Exploring Careers – Grade 10

9 - 13

Speak2aScientist

26

JUNE

entist

Electronics Club – (Intro) – Grade 10 & 11

Feb. - Sep.

Subject Choice – Grade 9

1 - 10

Astonishing Anatomy Holiday Programme

25 Jun. - 17 Jul.

Bloodhound Rocketry Course

27 Jun. - 1 Jul.

Speak2aScientist

30

JULY Electronics Club – (Intro) – Grade 10 & 11

Feb. - Sep.

Subject Choice – Grade 9

18 - 28

Astonishing Anatomy Holiday Programme

25 Jun. - 17 Jul.

Bloodhound Rocketry Course

27 Jun. - 1 Jul.

Bloodhound Rocketry Course

4 - 8 Jul.

Minquiz (National )

13 - 14

Astronomy Quiz

Jul.

Speak2aScientist

28

Exciting Careers For Girls

SEPTEM

AUGUST Electronics Club – (Intro) – Grade 10 & 11

Feb. - Sep.

Electronics Club – (Intro) – Grade 10 & 11

National Science Week – Grade 4 - 12

1-5

Sustainable Energy Week – Grade 4 & 12

Media Week (Mnet) – Grade 9 - 12

15 - 19

Entrepreneurship Development & Support Bootc

ICT Focus Week – Grade 9 - 12

22 - 26

Subject Choice – Grade 9 Speak2aScientist

Girl Power: Exciting Careers for Girls 5 - 6 – Grade 9 - 12 Speak2aScientist

25

OCTOB Maritime Focus Week – Grade 9 - 12

Transport Week (special focus on Maritime We – Grade 4 - 12 Subject Choice – Grade 9 Space Explorers Holiday Programme Bloodhound Rocketry Course Mental Maths Speak2aScientist

NOVEMBER Early Explorers Month – Grade R

1 - 30

Subject Choice – Grade 9

1-4

Speak2aScientist

24

DECEMBER December Holiday Programme

10 - 31

MBER

camp

Feb. - Sep. 5-9 22 - 23 1 - 30 29

BER

eek)

24 - 28 (during Transport Week) 24 - 28

EARLY EXPLORERS MONTH 1 - 30 NOVEMBER

10 - 21 1-9 3-7 Oct. 27

ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT AND SUPPORT BOOTCAMP 22 - 23 SEPTEMBER

Coal is not green!.* Electricity is not coal.

Coal has been scientifically proven that it is not green and incentives have been brought to the fore– incentives that have and are still being discussed and almost used by many countries worldwide.

Coal, in South Africa, is mainly used for generating electricity for homes, businesses and industries largely under the control of the state utility Eskom.Eskom supplies about 95% of South Africa’s electricity and approximately 45% of Africa’s. Over the five years to March 2013, Eskom planned to spend R385 billion (around US$ 50 billion) on new capacity – mainly coal- and gasfired plants, as well as on returning mothballed coal-fired stations to service. Eskom said the country needs 40 GWe of new generation by 2025, about half of which should be nuclear.

In the meantime the country remains heavily dependent on coal, with power plants built near the mines, and the two largest coal-fired plants in the world under construction – 4800 MWe each. Also the country gets 40% of its oil/gasoline needs from coal-to-liquids plants according to the World Nuclear Association.

It is very apparent that South Africa is very reliable on coal and the long term effects of coal are already showing (i.e. the drought)and yet we are still finding that more coal fired plants are being built which also happen to be the largest in the world! Excluding the fact that nuclear power is also on the list whereas the World is going in the opposite direction.

Worldwide there are now over two hundred thousand wind turbines operating, with a total nameplate capacity of 432,000 MW as of end 2015.The European Union alone passed some 100,000 MW nameplate capacity in September 2012, while the United States surpassed 75,000 MW in 2015 and China’s grid connected capacity passed 145,000 MW in 2015.(Wikipedia) World wind generation capacity more than quadrupled between 2000 and 2006, doubling about every three years. The United States pioneered wind farms and led the world in installed capacity in the 1980s and into the 1990s. In 1997 installed capacity in Germany surpassed the U.S. and led until once again overtaken by the U.S. in 2008. China has been rapidly expanding its wind installations in the late 2000s and passed the U.S. in 2010 to become the world leader.

As of 2011, 83 countries around the world were using wind power on a commercial basis.

On the other hand, others might say that South Africa is not comparable to first world Countries because of many reasons above the obvious and somehow agreeing with the World Coal Association (WCA) stating that carbon capture, use and storage technology will be key to reducing global CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.

They believe that Coal that is not really ‘clean’ or ‘green’ but can be made clean with the constantly upgraded technological help.

Clean coal is a process whereby coal is chemically washed of minerals and impurities, sometimes gasified, burned and the resulting flue gases treated with steam, with the purpose of

removing sulfur dioxide, and reburned so as to make the carbon dioxide in the flue gas economically recoverable.

The coal industry uses the term “clean coal” to describe technologies designed to enhance both the efficiency and the environmental acceptability of coal extraction, preparation and use, but has provided no specific quantitative limits on any emissions, particularly carbon dioxide. Whereas contaminants like sulfur or mercury can be removed from coal, carbon cannot be effectively removed while still leaving a usable fuel, and clean coal plants without carbon sequestration and storage do not significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions (Wikipedia).

Clean coal that does not ‘significantly’ reduce carbon dioxide –makes you wonder if a leopard can really change its spots.

On May 2011, during the budget speech, the energy minister reaffirmed that 22% of new generating capacity by 2030 would be nuclear and 14% coal-fired. The budget also provided R586 million ($85 million) for the Nuclear Energy Corporation of South Africa (Necsa) “to continue with its central role as the anchor for nuclear energy research and development and innovation”(World nuclear Association). South Africa has two nuclear reactors generating 5% of its electricity already. But is it worth it?

Coal is also not green to an individual’s life. Imagine this: here you are, 50 years from now, in a South Africa that relies on coal for electricity and you find yourself having Respiratory problems, Skin , Bladder and lung cancer. To top that off, your nervous system also gets damaged. ..

This is because of coal ash produced from coal power plants. Environmental Integrity Project, the Sierra Club and Earth justice found that coal ash produced by coal-fired power plants dumped at sites across 21 U.S states has contaminated ground water with toxic elements. The contaminants including the poisons arsenic and lead.

Arsenic has been shown to cause skin cancer, bladder cancer and lung cancer, and lead damages the nervous system. Coal ash contaminants are also linked to respiratory diseases and other health and developmental problems, and have disrupted local aquatic life. Coal ash also releases a variety of toxic contaminants into nearby air which can be a serious trigger for people with allergic asthma.

Drought , drought and drought – just 30 days of water left! That is what the current status of water content in South Africa is described to be. This is one perfect example of the long- term effects of Coal mining. South Africa is now a net importer of food because of this. Our agricultural produce has rapidly decreased, and this has caused some of the food price increases.

Coal Plants In certain areas literally decrease the Agricultural use Of land( As they toxicate the land making it not safe or ‘growing capable’ because the Crops won’t Photosynthesise well).

Coal plants require tons of water for cooling. In a country like South Africa, is this amount of water readily available? Coal goes against international trends of using renewable sources of energy and goes against the fact that South Africa is officially a water scarce country.

Coal was once green in the time we discovered that it enables us to have electricity. But that was then. Today, I can freely say that Coal is not electricity and electricity is not Coal and hence, due to the results of the long term use of coal world wide, coal is not green!* ---- I am Masiziba -- and I have a lot to tell!

Quotes Not really structured this time, but here we go (it is all from a website: www.wiseoldsayings.com) Defend me from my friends; I can defend myself from my enemies. – Canning He has no enemies but is intensely disliked by his friends. – Oscar Wilde, a gentle needle If the baby is happy, don’t try to make it happier. – Dan Keeton It is better to swallow words than to have to eat them later. – Franklin Roosevelt (1882-1945) It is better to be thought a fool than to open your mouth and remove all doubt. – Mark Twain (Thanks to Michael Beard) I’ve had a perfectly wonderful evening, but this wasn’t it. – Groucho Marx, a gentle needle Three may keep a secret if two are dead.

– Ben Franklin (1706-1790) Thank you for sending me a copy of your book; I’ll waste no time reading it. – Moses Hadad, a gentle needle

Statistics - Person with disabilities in SA This is in support of Fikile’s artice. We need to have a handle on what we talk about here. So here are the facts according to: Census 2011: Profile of persons with disabillities in South Africa. It is a mammoth report of 211 pages done by Stats SA. It cannot be more authoritative than that.

The summarised numbers of disabilities are: Seeing: 11,0% Hearing: 4,6% Communication: 1,6% Walking: 3,5% Remembering: 4,3% Self-care: 3,5% The overall number is that SA has 7,5% of people with a disability. However, there are differences in terms of severity of course (I need glasses vs. nearly blind).

Early Childhood Development (ECD) Results on school attendance among children aged 5–6 showed that: School attendance was highest among children with no difficulty and lowest among those that had severe difficulty in walking, communicating and hearing. More than a third (35,5%) of children with severe difficulty in walking were not attending school.

Primary school level Non-attendance was prevalent among children with severe difficulty in functioning, particularly children with severe communication and walking difficulties; an indication that children with disabilities were the most disadvantaged in terms of access to primary education.

Secondary school level Children with severe difficulty in walking and communicating were the most marginalised in terms of access to secondary education.

Tertiary level The results show that the majority of persons aged 20–24 years with severe difficulties across all functional domains were not attending tertiary education.

I will let Fikile interpret all this!

Disability in SA - F First in a serie

What is disability? “The loss or elimination of opportunities to take part in the community, equitably mental, learning, neurological or other impairments which may be permanent, temporary or episod society”.

In South Africa alone we have a 7.5% rate of people living with disabilities compared to 92.5% rate o people treated humanly in a country where we preach “we are a rainbow nation”?

Mr Dan Happy Kekana, Gauteng Chairperson of Disabled People could be a result of an accident, sickness or be born with it.

The findings in provincial variations show that Free State and disabilities at 11% followed closely by North West and Eastern Cape education access one can easily see that in Early Childhood Develshowed that school attendance was the highest among children walking were not attending at all.

Then moving along to school attendance by primary level (aged and communication had the lowest proportions of children atproportion of children attending school. There could be a numdifficulty from accessing primary education such as limited access intervention, attitudes, inaccessible of curriculum, lack of support levels of support.

Coloured and blacks are the most marginalised when it comes to accessing prim attending school. Furthermore, the proportion of persons not attending second ty. The proportion of attending secondary schooling is higher for males than fe provided by the StatsSA.

The minority group has a long way to go. The Constitution of South Africa state equal” but is it? Judging by the number of persons attending at tertiary level (a

It is not rocket science to know that a good educational background can open doors especially wor another challenge of living with a disability brings in a lot of stress. Perhaps we can say the level of poverty. Rights of disabled people aren’t respected as they should be.

On the other hand there are some learnerships offered to disabled people and some companies ha world we live in is hectic and is full of challenges that sometimes are beyond our control, imagine fo

That being said those living with disabilities mustn’t be dependent, they too can do things for them ones life. I’m sure there are other ways to make life of people living with disabilities easier but first w

Focus on children es by Fikile Zulu

y with others that is encountered by persons having physical, sensory, psychological, developdic in nature, thereby causing activity limitations and participation restriction with the mainstream

of those without a disability according to Census 2011 done by Statistics South Africa. Are disabled South Africa defines disability as a condition you find yourself in, which Northern Cape provinces had the highest number of people living with at 10% and 9.6%, Gauteng and Western Cape at only 5%. Looking at opment (ECD) results on school attendance among children aged 5-6 with no difficulty and lowest among those that had severe difficulty in 7-13)the statistics show that children with severe difficulty in walking tending school, those with severe difficulty in seeing had the highest ber of factors contributing to a high number of children with severe to resources, inaccessible transport, lack of access to ECD and early staff in ordinary school and limited spaces in institutions providing high

mary education compared to the white population who have the lowest number of children not dary school (aged 14-19) increases with the level of difficulemales in all domains. Numbers don’t lie. These figures are

es “there should be education for all and it should be aged 20-24) once can say “Nope, that isn’t true at all.

rk related ones. Without proper schooling and facing dependency on the state grant won’t decrease the level of

ave a few number of disabled people as employees and others run their own businesses too. The or someone living with a disability that is two times heavier.

mselves. The figures are shocking especially since we were taught that education is a tool to better we ought to respect their rights. Their human rights

A tyre? No Goodyear unve Unique spherical shaped concept tyre highlights ultimate manoeuvrability, safety and connectivity

Geneva, Switzerland, March, 2016- After 117 years of making tyres, Goodyear presented a vision of a fut Goodyear unveiled its latest concept tyre, Eagle-360, at the Geneva International Motor Show. The spher for the long-term future when autonomous driving is expected to be more mainstream.

According to a recent study from Navigant Research, 85 million autonomous-capable vehicles are expec Tech Choice Study, consumers are most concerned with ensuring safety through technology in autonom “By steadily reducing the driver interaction and intervention in self-driving vehicles, tyres will play an ev president and chief technical officer. “Goodyear’s concept tyres the boundaries of conventional thinking and as testbeds for Spherical shape for ultimate manoeuvrability and safety The unique shape of the Goodyear Eagle-360 could contribautonomous mobility.The spherical shape of the tyre is key to move in all directions, contributing to passenger safety. Active from potential hazards, such as black ice or sudden obstacles, so In addition, the spherical shape of the Goodyear Eagle-360 This helps the car to overtake an obstacle without changing its Finally, because 360 degree turns are possible with this tyre, it less space will be needed for cars fitted with spherical tyres to same role, this could significantly increase the capacity of public

Connected via magnetic levitation To connect with the body of the car, the Goodyear Eagle-360 from the car by magnetic fields, similar to magnetic levitation “Though this is purely a concept tyre, it showcases some of drivers can be addressed. Based on our own recent research[3], able cars to be part of future mobility and that reliability and could deliver a safe and sustainable solutionfor our end consumer who is likely to drive or ride in autono as inspiration for the automotive industry as we continue to find solutions for the future, together.”

Sensors ensure connectivity with car and increase sa Goodyear imagined another feature, connectivity, to cles, which is brought to life in three features. First, s the road conditions, including weather and road surf to the car as well as to other vehicles to enhance safe and pressure monitoring technology, sensors in the E tyre to extend mileage. Finally, because the tread is p based on the region where the driver lives is a new p

Biomimicry - inspired by nature Elements of the Eagle-360 design showcase biomimi Goodyear often uses in its designs. The tread mimics blocks and grooves help to secure a safe contact patch. The groove bottom has the same elements as a n and aquaplaning resistance. This texture also absorbs water on the road and ejects water from the tyre f

o, Science eils Eagle-360

ture tyre that looks radically different from tyres today -it’s a sphere. rical, 3-D printed tyre highlights Goodyear’s vision for the future and presents an inspiring solution

cted to be sold annually around the world by 2035[1], for example. According to the J.D. Power 2015 U.S. mous cars. ven more important role as the primary link to the road,” said Joseph Zekoski, Goodyear’s senior vice play a dual role in the future both as creative platforms to push next-generation technologies.” ute to safety and maneuverability to match the demands of delivering ultimate manoeuvrability. The multi-orientation tyres technology allows the tyre to move as needed to reduce sliding it contributes to staying on a safe path. provides a smooth ride by creating a fluid, lateral movement. driving direction. could tackle anticipated parking constrictions of the future, as pull into parking spots. Assuming public parking areas play the parking areas without increasing their size.

concept tyre relies on magnetic levitation. The tyre is suspended trains, which increases passenger comfort and reduces noise.

Goodyear’s best innovative thinking and how the needs of future we know that young drivers are looking for smart and sustainsafety are key for them.4 We believe the Eagle-360 concept tyre omous cars in the future,” said Jean-Claude Kihn, President of Goodyear EMEA. “We also hope it serves

afety o optimize driving conditions in autonomous vehisensors inside the Eagle-360 concept tyre register face conditions, and communicate this information ety. Secondly, leveraging Goodyear’s tread wear Eagle-360 register and regulate the wear of the produced by a 3-D printer, customizing the tyre possibility.

icry, which is the imitation of nature, a principle s the pattern of brain coral, and its multidirectional natural sponge, which stiffens when dry yet softens when wet to deliver adequate driving performance footprint through centrifugal force to reduce the risk of aquaplaning.

Really Silly

Ok, this one is really silly. Nations should be like South Africa, USA, China and those things. So, how can they be silly? Read on and be amazed! All from Wikipedia

The Principality of Sealand

The Principality of Sealand is an unrecognised micronation that claims Roughs Tower, an offshore platform located in the North Sea approximately 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) off the coast of Suffolk, England, as its territory.

Roughs Tower is a disused Maunsell Sea Fort, originally called HM Fort Roughs, built as an anti-aircraft defensive gun platform by the British during World War II.

Since 1967, the decommissioned HM Fort Roughs has been occupied by family and associates of Paddy Roy Bates, who claim that it is an independent sovereign state. He attempted to establish Sealand as a nation-state in 1975 with the writing of a national constitution and establishment of other national symbols.

The Kingdom of Lovely

How To Start Your Own Country was a six-part BBC Television documentary comedy series aired between August and September 2005. The show was presented by British writer/comedian Danny Wallace and followed his quest to start his own country in his flat in Bow, London. The micronation he created was eventually named “Lovely”.

The Kingdom of Lovely is a partly Internet-based micronation that claims as its territory an East London flat owned—and once lived in—by its creator and ruler, the comic writer Danny Wallace. Lovely has 58,165 citizens registered on its website (citizensrequired.com, no longer active).

The official territory of Lovely was Wallace’s flat in Bow, East London, but citizens of Lovely are invited to declare a room, or some other building or land belonging to them, to be an embassy for the country by taking a photograph displaying Lovely’s flag there.

... Countries Republic of Molossia

Molossia, also known as the self-proclaimed Republic of Molossia, is a micronation, founded by Kevin Baugh (b. 30 July 1962) and headquartered at his home in Dayton, Nevada. The Republic of Molossia has claimed itself a nation but it is not officially recognized as a country by the United Nations or any country.

It consists of Baugh’s house (known as the Government House), about 0.01 acres (40 m2) in size, as well as 1.3 acres (5,000 m2) of surrounding property, enclaved by Nevada. Originally established as a childhood project in 1977, Molossia subsequently evolved into a territorial entity in the late 1990s.

It is the Baugh family’s primary place of residence, and the site of Molossia’s designated capital, Baughston.

Baughston was renamed from Espera on 30 July 2013 to commemorate President Baugh’s 51st birthday. The United States of America’s street address for Kevin Baugh’s house is 226 Mary Lane Road, Dayton, NV 89403.

Vesperia is the name of Molossia’s claim of 49,881 square miles (130,000 km2) on the planet of Venus.

Additionally, Molossia claims a spot named Neptune Deep in the North Pacific Ocean, about 750 kilometres (470 mi) southwest of Mexico

Should we have a Republic of Hola?

That would be a new!

The Inte This is the horrible thing: We will in all likelihood have to go for an interview, one day. To

How must I look? What should I wear? What must I say? What should I ask? … and then t CV, and a million other things. Besides being soo nervous.

Don’t be late. Will I give you an extra chance? Yes, I will. But always try to look at it from a positive perspective, and so will explain it so it is possible to see it is not your fault. Because it time. That is what I would assume. And any other potential Dress code. It is difficult to over-dress. Remember you are say, hey, but this is a fancy clothing store selling gothic clothSo, whichever way, dress properly. If you do not know how to use it. And you do know.

Disasters. I get offered a cup of tea and I spill it all board, mouse and anything else. It can happen. Get Yes. So I will not let it detract.

I choke because I am so nervous. As a prospective nervous. Why not? interview because I the job. Do you really seconds can ruin it The most important of maybe 200. That means that what you wrote resonates one out of five called in. That means YOU are sought after. and now YOU need to find out if this is something for you. er you are sitting across. Doesn’t that make you feel better Staff

erview get that first job.

the disaster things. The things that can/will go wrong. Late, spilling coffee, forgot my

you start from minus something. Accidents can happen, so I will other employers. Trust me on that. Say sorry for being late. Briefly would not be your fault, would it? You would start out in proper employer as well. So, get over it. And compose yourself. going into a company where they might be serious. You could ing. Yes, but that does not mean they are not serious, does it? dress properly, well, somebody gave you a brain to think with, so

over the person’s desk. Papers, calculator, keyt on with it. Have I ever spilled my tea in the office.

e employer I will try to help you get over being I called you to the think you could do think that a few all? It can’t. thing: I have selected YOU to come to an interview out with what we want as an employee. That means you are Realising that should calm you down. YOU are in demand You have just as much upper-hand as the future employalready?

ght i r s way l a ght i is r e s Tim way right l a e is ays Tim is alw e Tim

To do the right thing!

We start with a quote from Martin Luther King. I kinda like this one. It says a lot more than just the collection of words. How often do we not do the right thing. It is not because we do not know what is right and wrong. After all, we have a brain, all of us, I believe.

So let us try to unpack this one: “time is always right”. We only have NOW. That is the only time we have. It is not a matter of ‘I will do the right thing tomorrow’. Maybe we get hit by a meteor during the night? So time is now. It is always urgent to do something right now.

What can be the right thing? Help mom with the dishes? I was home earlier than her, isn’t it? And she has had a long day. And that is right now. Not later. So why didn’t I do it? I didn’t feel like it, I was busy, I was tired, I was …..

But the right thing is even better. We all know it. Do we need to be told what is right or wrong? I don’t think so.

The right thing is to say no to say racism, bullying, cheating, lying, stealing, peer pressure and a host of things. What did Martin Luther King see as the right thing? Racism (among other things). And what did he do? Organise marches, speeches, and a lot. Time was always right for him to say no to racism. Time was always right for him to do the right thing.

This is something I would like to emulate somehow.

Do we need to find the big things to do? Like Mr. King (or Mandela for that matter)? I do believe that opportunities to do the right thing are presented to us on a continuous basis. It is for us to grab them.

Conclusion is simple. Time is always right to do the right thing. Regardless of the magnitude of the opportunity. Remember: all good deeds resonate in the universe forever.

HOW TO CHOOSE YOUR CAREER Knowing yourself and your capabilities

Choo se Subj your ects

Care Plan er ning

eer Car ice o ch

For you to pursue your career choice.

You need to pass your Nationa l Senior Certi ficate!

The Eastern Ca pe Department of Education enco urages learners to choose suitable career path, by collecting inform ation that will he lp them pursue their career / field of study.

“it is in your hands “ - Nelson Rolihl

ahla Mandela

Sondlo & Knopp Advertising

Calling all schools to enter

All South African schools that have been growing permac 70 schools representing all nine provinces will be invited to at take place. There is R300 000 worth of prizes up for grabs in

Deadline for entry forms: 31 May 2016

For more information and entry forms: www.trees.co.

r the EduPlant competition!

culture food gardens are invited to enter the competition. ttend the finals workshop in October 2016, where judging will ncluding resources for your school and community. @EduPlant

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Stats on renewable energy This article is in support of Mazisiba’s article ‘Coal is not Green’. We are trying to look at some stats as it seems we in SA are behind in understanding the amount of energy produced by renewable energy sources.

Renewable energy sources are primarily wind and solar power. There are other sources of course, but let us look at these for now.

According to REN21, 19% of all global energy consumption in 2014 came from renewable sources. So it actually works.

Wind power is simple stuff. Erect a wind turbine and when the wind is blowing, well, blades turning and voila, electricity comes out the other end. But can anyone really rely on it? Well, yes: Denmark is generating 40% of its electricity consumption from wind and during last Christmas 100% came from wind. 11,4% of all EU’s electricity consumption is from wind.

From Wikipedia: “Europe accounted for 48% of the world total wind power generation capacity in 2009.

In 2010, Spain became Europe’s leading producer of wind energy, achieving 42,976 GWh. Germany held the top spot in Europe in terms of installed capacity, with a total of 27,215 MW as of 31 December 2010. In 2015 wind power constituted 15.6% of all installed power generation capacity in the EU and it generates around 11.4% of its power” To put it into perspective, the SA nuclear stuff is supposed to generate 9,000 MW and that is only like 1/3 of German wind power generation. And wind does not cost some trillions of rands to install.

Solar energy: Hey, the sun is shining, but hey-energy?

Ok what does Wiki say: The amount of solar energy reaching the surface of the planet is so vast that in one year it is about twice as much as will ever be obtained from all of the Earth’s non-renewable resources of coal, oil, natural gas, and mined uranium combined”. Numbers!

And: “Solar power is anticipated to become the world’s largest source of electricity by

2050, with solar photovoltaics and concentrated solar power contributing 16 and 11 percent to the global overall consumption, respectively” But what about non-electricity generation? That is exactly where solar power is so strong.

Something so simple as replacing the geyser with solar heating of water. It does not produce electricity, but it saves electricity. A normal household can save some 50% of their electricity bill by doing this simple trick. Admittedly, the cash outlay must be there and financed. However, Eskom and government have incentive schemes for this.

Solar cookers are simple things. It is even possible to take a shoe box and put alufoil in it, by tweaking it a bit, solar heat can be focused on a small ara and voila, water is boiling or food is cooking.

And remember. It is HOT – I tried doing this and burnt my hand badly by putting my hand in the thing. But does it save electricity?

Well, no. But what about rural areas where there is nothing? Now people can at least boil water without having to have open fires (pollution!).

In conclusion: we don’t necessarily need all that coal and oil! Masiziba is right!

Contributions:

By Source file: Le Grand Portage Derivative work: Rehman - File:Three_Gorges_Dam,_Yangtze_River,_China.jpg, CC BY 2.0,

By Koza1983 - Own work by the original uploader, CC BY 3.0,

By Original uploader was Rtracey at en.wikipedia - Transferred from en.wikipedia, Public Domain, By http://www.atlascuisinesolaire.com - http://www.atlascuisinesolaire.com, Public Domain, By Ásgeir Eggertsson - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,

Toyota Inspir

If the saying “Dreamers are the saviours of the world” rings true, then one of the 15 Toyota Dream around the country aged between 5 and 15 were treated like royalty at the awards ceremony held

The Toyota Dream Car Art Contest is a platform for Toyota to engage with children in South Afric

“This year we celebrate the 10th year of this comp of entries. This competition is popular with the ch adults to see the world from a different angle. Th tition is remarkable,” says Nicole Ruiters, Senior M Africa Motors.

The contest is held annually, with Toyota affiliates in three age categories namely: under 8 years old contestants win prizes on a national level and the top three are subsequently entered into the inte Toyoda, President and CEO of Toyota Motor Corporation as the head of the judging jury.

Over the past four years, four South African children have been finalists in the international comp This year, entry forms communities to enter years, the 10 to 12 year shows maturity, not team of judges for the team and the final deDraft FCB.

were sent to over 20 the competition. Ove old category illustrat only in their designs national competition cision was made by M

The three winners are equally talented but the under 8 category with his “Super-duper-Safari-trooper”, a car that acts as a home away from h swimming pool especially for the hot summer days with superb off-road capability making it perf Aashi car

Phatak won the 8 - 11 year old category with allows human kind to explore the unknown g

The which are at children.

winner for the 12 - 15 year old category is Ka would transport children to and from school work. The car would be self-driving with vario

“I would like to congratulate all the winners and wish t tion. We would also like to thank all the children and t petition and contributed to its success. My hope for t children in the future and continues to inspire them to dream. I would also like to thank the schoo support and participation,” concluded Ruiters.

For a full list of winners and to view their artwork, visit www.Toyota.co.za.

res Dreamers

m Car Art Contest winners will grow to be the protectors of our world. These 15 dreamers from d at the Toyota museum in Johannesburg on 22 April 2016.

ca and around the world through a national and an international contest.

petition. It has grown from strength to strength, proven by both the number as well as the quality hildren of South Africa and is very dear to our hearts as it inspires the minds of children and allows he amount of talent we have seen through this compeManager Sponsorships and Promotions at Toyota South

s around the world conducting a national competition d, 8 to 11 years old and 12 to 15 years old. The top five ernational competition which is judged in Japan with Akio

petition held in Japan.

00 schools around South Africa as well as all Toyota dealerships with the mandate to mobilise their er 6500 entries were received, all well designed, intricate and imaginative. Similar to previous ted that their imaginations are very active and there are no limits. The 13 to 15 year old category s but also in the advanced technology used for efficiency and overall for a better South Africa. The n included Toyota South Africa Motors creative Matthys Esterhuysen, from the advertising agency

all have very different home no matter where fect for the outdoors.

vehicles. Kirsten Nel won you are. It has a built-in

h her car named “Toyota’s galaxies and learn more

Chariot Space car”. Her about the planets.

ailey Erasmus. She designed and extra-mural ous capabilities to

a “Mobile Nanny” activities when parents ensure the safety of the

them well for the their parents who this competition ols and all our

international competihave entered the comis that it reaches more Toyota dealers for their

The US Primaries The Social Media

The US primaries is really a contest within the two dominant parties (yes, there could be other parties and independent candidates as well, but let us just stay with two for now).

How does it work?

Within a party, several candidates are contesting the right to be that particular party’s candidate for president.

So, they are campaigning within their party and trying to convince their party voters about their merits.

This is done on a per state basis.

Each state has a number of delegates to send off to the party conference. Some states have more delegates than others, depending on size and other factors.

So, obviously, the candidates with as candidate for the presidential

more than 50% of the delegates will stand elections in October. So far so good.

Donald Trump is close to this magic

number. But how did he do it?

Typically, the US primaries are battled in debates, TV adverts, newspaper adverts and editorial content and all kind of things.

It costs a lot. Obama spend some $500 million on his campaign. That is some R8 billion in out money. And he won, let us not forget that.

So what did Trump do?

His focus has been on rallies and social media. He has spent a paltry $10 million up until now (compared to Clinton’s $32 million). And trump’s money only flowed recently.

Rallies Rallies are fun. How to beat someone who stands in front of his own jet with the name of ‘TRUMP’ emblazoned on it. It is a poster hard to overlook. Someone who is standing in front of his success and telling people I can do this with America.

Rallies are fun because they create media coverage in the editoprial section. And if they are rowdy, well, that means more coverage.

The winner is social media.

Trump has some 8 million Twitter followers. And the 50 top articles about Trump got re-tweeted some 250,000 times. The next in the league is Sanders with some 117,000 times.

The most Tweets Trump did on one day was 52 tweets.

What does it mean?

It means a lot. Insofar as US is online, few will sit through a debate where the candidates are standing very nicely and talking serious. Do we do that in SA? Exactly!

The one-liners are king. Make no mistake. A slogan like ‘Make America Great Again’ is catchy and if it gets hammered at every opportunity, it is recognised in line with MacDonalds and Coke.

The truth is a victim in this of course. But it does not matter, really. So, if Trump is telling something which is not really the truth, who cares 5 minutes later. And that is the strength of his campaign. It is easy to talk badly about people and get emotions going than to actually provide rational thoughts.

A lot of tweets are apbut also to a lot of anger always be found in any

pealing to the lowest instincts and resentment which will society.

So if Trump can articua one-liner, he might just it is’. But is that a viable

late people’s inner thoghts in be ‘the guy who tells it like political program?

If we realy try to analyze it, we see a candidate who hardly ever provides any coherent policy and in most instances have one-liners as solutions on deep basic problems. No details to be provided at all.

Look at the Mexican Wall as an example. Trump’s solution to emigration is simple: build a wall, paid for by Mexico, to stop the Mexicans to enter US illegally. And deport the one’s already there.

However, a fair amount of workers building The Trump buildings are Mexicans! And they are hired exzctly because they are illegally in the US and therefore can be exploited in terms of minimum wages! So Trump can make his billions based on what he is against? Yes, exactly. And that is not the only example.

How then to counter these things? By ignoring them or talk badly about the people who come with the facts. Personal attacks are just great and to amuse people: look at XXX. Standing in a shirt and no jacket.

And his nipples can be seen. Disgusting (not exact quote, but close). What has that got to do with XXX telling people that Trump has got his facts wrong? But it will get re-tweeted 250,000 times to all and sundry.

Insofar as any good American is spending a fair amount of time on the smart-phone, the reach is far greater than any newspaper. If the content is negative and hammering other people, it appeals to our inner ‘devil’. If on top of, we can air our own frustrations by re-tweeting, we have an avalanche. … and that is why you can become president on a budget of $10 million.

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