What are plans and planners for in informal urbanisation?

What are plans and planners for?

Discussing aims of spatial planning in informal urbanization Delft University of Technology

SpatialPlanning &Strategy URBANISM

This presentation claims that...

THE RIGHT TO THE CITY RIGHT to RIGHTS RIGHT TO THE CITY POSITIVE RIGHTS RIGHTS

NEGATIVE

PUBLIC GOODS COLLECTIVE UNDERTAKINGS POLITICALLY, INSTITUTIONALLY PROCEDURALLY

MAIN TOOLS SPATIAL JUSTICE RIGHT TO THE CITY

This presentation

shifting paradigms: from criminals to entrepreneurs

What do you see?

•

hope

•

entrepreneurship

•

affirmation of the right to BE in the city

•

the possibility to access a much larger and diversified labour market

•

access to improved health care, educational opportunities and cultural opportunities

INCREASED LIFE CHANCES

Mumbai

Sao Paulo

Poor official responses

Mexico

Mumbai

Mumbai

Mumbai

How can those compare to this?

University of California, Berkeley

slums have come to be seen as...

Slums lack:

+-900 million people in slums (UN Habitat)

Text

Lagos

Some problems

Aestheticization of poverty

Not Turner a new idea

Caracas

Turn to neoliberalism

Paraisopolis

What I see

ENORMOUS LACK OF ACCESS TO PUBLIC GOODS

Sao Paulo

‘Let the poor take their future in their own hands’

Sao Paulo

Sao Paulo

Sao Paulo

Sao Paulo

Sao Paulo

The Right to the City

Negative rights

Positive rights

Positive rights are deeply connected to access to public goods

Positive rights are deeply connected to access to public goods

Role of planning? support

material/spatial inclusion

access to negative AND positive rights public goods

PUBLIC GOODS

Intangible assets that can be enjoyed by all

Intangible assets that can be enjoyed by all

A bridge is not a public good but it promotes one

Sao Paulo ‘green’

Holland

Green Heart of the Randstad

Public goods and collective action

Exclusionary spaces

The just city

Sao Paul

lack of access to public goods

Sao Paulo

Role of the State and of planning

Different models of democratic societies

Models of society

The Hague

Tne European experience

The Hague

Amsterdam

Amsterdam

Consequences for the role of governments (and planners)

Interconnections positive rights and the right to the city

Sao Paulo

Sao Paulo

Sao Paulo

saudi arabia Perus

bahamas Anhanguera

Trememb e

Argentina

venezuela

ukraine

Jaragua

Cachoeirinha

Brasilandia

lybia

cuba Jacana

cyprus

Tucuruvi

M andaqui

cyprus

Pirituba

croatia

chile

Freguesia do O

S. D omingos

Czech Rep. Casa

slovakia Limao bahrain Verde

mauritius

Denmark

Jaragua

Vila Guilherme Malta

Lapa

germany Santa Retiro Cecilia

Perdizes

Pinheiros

spain

chile

Rio Pequeno

cuba

M orumbi

Vila Sonia

Norway

Itaim Bibi

FRance

Cyprus

M oema

Australia

ukraine

Carrao

Guaianases

cyprus

Cidade Lider

cuba

Malaysia Parque do Carmo

MALTA Ipiranga

cyprus

Vila Pruden te

Dominican Rep.

Alvim

bahamas

SWEDEN Vila M ariana

Jose Bonifacio

Panama

Panama

bahrain opemba emba Sapop

Sao Mateus

bosnia

Iguatemi

sri lanka

Saude

Camp o

Vila Andrade

New Zealand Belo

estonia

Capao Redondo

Sao Rafael

cyprus Sacoma Cursino uruguay

ukraine

Santo Amaro

Camp o Limp o

oman

Cidade Tiradentes

ukraine

Sao Lucas

Japan

bulgaria

kazakhstan

Lajeado

Artur Russia bahamas

cyprus

Vila Agua Rasa Formosa Aricanduva cyprus

Austria

Iceland

Butanta

Itaim Paulista

Vila Curuca

Itaquer a

Argentina Vila Matilde

Tatuape

Lib erdade

Paulista

Vila Jacui

Austria

Belem

Bras S. Korea IcelandSWEDENs.Korea republica MALTA Se Consolac ao poland Australia M ooca slovenia Bela Cambuci singapore Finland Norway Vista Jardim

Jaguare

sri lanka

peru

Penha

Pari

Argentina

Alt o de Pinheiros

qatar

Jardim Helena

Sao M iguel

Pont e Rasa st kitts

Argentina

Bom

Barra Funda

Vila Leopoldina

Albania

seychelles Vila Maria

bulgaria

lybia

Cangaiba

Santana

spain

Ermelino M atar azzo

seychelles

Hong kong Argentina

singapore

Raposo avar T es

Vila M edeiros

latvia

Netherlands

Jabaquara

poland

Jardim Sao Luis

Malaysia

Campkong o Hong Grande

Cidade lybia Ademar

Socorro S.KOrea

Sky high: SWEDEN

Pedreira

turkey

thailand Cidade D utra

Jardim A ngela

mexico

Very high: Spain high: Czech republic

Grajau

China

Dominican republic

moderately high: mexico

Parelheiros

Medium: thailand Medium to low: kyrgystan kyrgyztan M arsilac

N

0

20km

HDI Human development index (2007( city of sao paulo districts compared

data source: PMSP and IBGE/PNUD 2007 there are no districts that score less than 0.7, therefore no district with low HDI the lowest HDI index belongs to marsilac (0.701

Sao Paulo

Anhanguera

Trememb e

Argentina

venezuela

ukraine

Jaragua

Cachoeirinha

Brasilandia

lybia

cuba Jacana

cyprus

Tucuruvi

M andaqui

cyprus

Pirituba

croatia

chile

Freguesia do O

S. D omingos

slovakia Limao bahrain

mauritius

Denmark

Jaragua

Lapa

Verde

Santana

spain

Bom Retiro

Barra Funda

germany Santa

singapore

Cecilia

Perdizes

Vila Guilher Maltame

Pinheiros

spain

M orumbi

Vila Sonia

FRance

Cyprus

Norway

Argentina

Itaim Bibi

M oema

Australia

Albania

cyprus

ukraine

cyprus

Cidade Lider

cuba

MALTA cyprus

Vila Pruden te

Lajeado

Guaianases

bahamas

Malaysia Parque do Carmo

Jose Bonifacio

Panama

Panama

bahrain opemba emba Sapop

Camp o

estonia

bulgaria

Sao Mateus Iguatemi

sri lanka

oman

Cursino

Sacoma

uruguay

Sao Rafael

ukraine

Santo Amaro

Camp o Limp o

Capao Redondo

cyprus

Cidade Tiradentes

ukraine

Sao Lucas

bosnia

Japan

New Zealand Belo

kazakhstan

Dominican Rep.

Carrao

Vila Agua Rasa Formosa Aricanduva cyprus

Ipiranga

Itaquer a

Russia

Artur bahamas Alvim

Saude

Vila Andrade

Itaim Paulista

peru Vila Curuca

Pont e Rasa st kitts

Argentina Vila Matilde

Tatuape

Austria Vila M ariana

lybia

sri lanka

Sao M iguel

Vila Jacui

Austria

Argentina

Lib erdade

Paulista

bulgaria

Jardim Helena

Penha

Pari

SWEDEN

Raposo avar T es

Vila Maria

Belem

Iceland

Butanta

cuba

seychelles

seychelles

Bras S. Korea IcelandSWEDENs.Korea republica MALTA Se Consolac ao poland Australia sloveniaM ooca Bela Cambuci singapore Finland Norway Vista Jardim

Jaguare

Ermelino M atar azzo

Cangaiba

Alt o de Pinheiros

qatar

Rio Pequeno

latvia

Hong kong Argentina

Vila Leopoldina

chile

Czech Rep. Casa

Vila M edeiros

Netherlands

Jabaquara

poland

Jardim Sao Luis

Malaysia

Campkong o Hong Grande

Cidade lybia Ademar

Socorro S.KOrea

Pedreira

turkey Jardim A ngela

Sky high: SWEDEN

thailand Cidade D utra

mexico

Very high: Spain high: Czech republic

Sao Paulo

22.5% middle or high vulnerability (2.5 million people)

Sao Paulo vote distribution mayoral elections 2012

Sao Paulo ethnic distribution

Sao Paulo

Sao Paulo

Sao Paulo

favela

Sao Paulo

favela: initial stages

Sao Paulo

favela: ‘consolidated’

Sao Paulo

Ocupação clandestina

Sao Paulo

Ocupação clandestina

Sao Paulo

Loteamento irregular

Ocupação as political action

Sao Paulo

Civil and political consequences of illegality

Pinheirinho

subversion of the rule of law

Pinheirinho

If housing is a priviledge, then occupying is a right.

Pinheirinho

Pinheirinho

Pinheirinho

Pinheirinho

But how did we get there?

1964

Military rule

Military rule

Military rule

S. Paulo: Explosive Growth

Mass rural migratio

ABC strikes

Social movements

Christian (catholic) Base Communities

Diretas Ja Direct Elections Now

1988 Constitution

Statute of the City (2001): 37 X ‘right to the city’

Sao Paulo

CDHU Lapa

Sao Paulo

Mutirao: Self Help

Sao Paulo

Mutirao

Sao Paulo

Mutirao

“the medicine against corruption: self-help and self-management�

Sao Paulo

Projeto Loteamento irregular Cingapura

Sao Paulo

Projeto Cingapura

Unified Educational Centres

CEU

CEU

CEU

recently

Paraisopolis

recently

Paraisopolis

recently

Heliopolis

recently

Heliopolis

recently

recently

Jardim Pantanal

Parque do Gato

recently

Favela do Moinho

Pinheirinho

Estaiadinha 2013

base for the constitution of legitimate demands

Integration of the right to the city with urban development

role of planning?

Any questions?