23 minute read
Chapter 06 Expanding Language Skills Answer Key
True / False Questions
1. The four coordinating conjunctions are "for," "on," "off," and "so."
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FALSE
The four coordinating conjunctions are "and," "but," "or," and "nor." Note that they connect only like elements of grammar: two or more words, two or more phrases, or two or more clauses.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Types of Conjunctions
2. Correlative conjunctions join elements of unequal rank.
FALSE
Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions that are regularly used together to connect like elements. Both coordinating and correlative conjunctions connect like elements only.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Types of Conjunctions
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
3. A sentence reads "Even if she is qualified for the job, we cannot hire her because she is asking for too much money." In this sentence, "even if" is the coordinating conjunction.
FALSE
In the given sentence, "even if" is the subordinating conjunction. A subordinating conjunction introduces a subordinate, or dependent, clause and connects it to a main, or independent, clause.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Types of Conjunctions
4. If you use the conjunction "but" instead of "and," you show a contrast.
TRUE
If you use the conjunction "but" instead of "and," you show a contrast. The conjunction "and" simply joins two elements.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Pitfalls of Using Conjunctions
5. A sentence reads "The family that lives in the apartment above ours is friendly." In this sentence, "above ours" is the prepositional phrase.
TRUE
In the given sentence, "above ours" is the prepositional phrase. The preposition combined with a noun or pronoun makes up a prepositional phrase.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-02 State the function of prepositions.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Using Prepositions
6-13
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
6. A sentence reads "Mr. Davis was angry with the person responsible for the practical joke." In this sentence, "was" is the preposition.
FALSE
In the given sentence, "with" and "for" are the prepositions. A preposition is a connecting word. It connects a noun or a pronoun to the rest of the sentence.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-02 State the function of prepositions.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Using Prepositions
7. A sentence reads "James and Madison are very different than each other." In this sentence, the use of the prepositional phrase "different than" is correct.
FALSE
In the given sentence, the use of the prepositional phrase "different than" is incorrect. The correct use is "different from."
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-02 State the function of prepositions.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Words Requiring Specific Prepositions
8. Adjectives that tell "how many," "how much," or "in what order" are called demonstrative adjectives.
FALSE
Adjectives that tell "how many," "how much," or "in what order" are called limiting adjectives. The pronouns "this," "that," "these," and "those" are demonstrative pronouns that can function as demonstrative adjectives.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Kinds of Adjectives
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
9. With regard to adjectives, the comparative degree compares three or more persons or things.
False
With regard to adjectives, the comparative degree allows us to compare that quality in two persons or things. The superlative degree enables us to compare that quality in three or more persons or things.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Kinds of Adjectives
10. The comparative degree of an adjective is formed by adding "er" to the positive form or by inserting the word "more" or "less" before it.
True
The comparative degree of an adjective is formed by adding "er" to the positive form or by inserting the word "more" or "less" before it. The superlative is formed by adding "est" to the positive form or by inserting the word "most" or "least" before it.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Forming the Comparative and Superlative Degrees
11. A sentence reads "Alex believed that Mr. Phelps was the most greatest mentor in the college." In this sentence, "most greatest" correctly illustrates the superlative degree of the word "great."
False
In the given sentence, "most greatest" does not correctly illustrate the superlative degree of the word "great." The superlative degree of the word "great" is "greatest." In order to avoid making double comparisons, do not mix the different ways in which adjectives can be compared use only one comparative form at a time.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Forming the Comparative and Superlative Degrees
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
12. All adverbs end in "ly."
FALSE
All adverbs do not end in "ly." Some end in "ly" and "y."
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-04 Discuss how adverbs work.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Adverb Usage
13.
Some words can be adjectives or adverbs, depending on their position in the sentence.
TRUE
Some words can be adjectives or adverbs, depending on how they are used in the sentence. An adverb is a word that modifies an adjective, a verb, or another adverb. Any word that modifies or describes a noun or a pronoun is an adjective.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-04 Discuss how adverbs work.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Adverb Usage
14. An adverb should be placed close to the word it modifies.
TRUE
Place an adverb as close as possible to the word that it modifies. The meaning of a sentence changes depending on where the adverb is placed.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-04 Discuss how adverbs work.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Pitfalls of Adverb Use
6-16
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
15. A sentence reads "Angela could hardly never remember to check her incoming e-mail." In this sentence, "hardly never" is a double negative.
True
In the given sentence, "hardly never" is a double negative. A double negative is two negative expressions used together. A double negative gives a positive meaning.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-04 Discuss how adverbs work.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Pitfalls of Adverb Use
Multiple Choice Questions
16. Words that join words, phrases, or clauses within a sentence are called:
A. prepositions.
B. conjunctions.
C. appositives.
D. interjections.
Words that join words, phrases, or clauses within a sentence are called conjunctions. There are three types of conjunctions: coordinating, correlative, and subordinating.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Purposes of Conjunctions
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
17. A sentence reads "Casey not only has the respect of his teammates but also has the respect of his fans." In this sentence, the type of conjunction used is the:
A. correlative conjunction.
B. independent conjunction.
C. subordinating conjunction.
D. subjunctive conjunction.
In the given sentence, the type of conjunction used is the correlative conjunction. Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions that are regularly used together to connect like elements. In this case, the correlative conjunction is "not only…but also."
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Types of Conjunctions
18. A sentence reads "If you want more information, please call me." In this sentence, "if" is the _____.
A. coordinating conjunction
B. subordinating conjunction
C. adverbial conjunction
D. correlative conjunction
In the given sentence, "if" is the subordinating conjunction. Subordinating conjunctions join clauses of unequal rank. A subordinating conjunction introduces a subordinate, or dependent, clause and connects it to a main, or independent, clause.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Types of Conjunctions
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
19. Which of the following sentences uses conjunctions correctly?
A. Shelley is a good employee.
B. The reason for Alex's absence is because his mother is unwell.
C. Sam pretended like he was unaffected by the news.
D. Jennifer acted as if her life was going to change.
The sentence that uses conjunctions correctly is "Jennifer acted as if her life was going to change." One of the pitfalls of using conjunctions is choosing a preposition when a conjunction is needed. In this case, "as if" is correct and "like" would have been wrong.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Pitfalls of Using Conjunctions
20. Which of the following sentences illustrates the incorrect use of the conjunction "either"?
A. Nancy spends her time either in New York or in San Francisco.
B. Brian will go home either today or tomorrow.
C. Stacey will arrive either today or will arrive on Monday.
D. John spends his time either working or commuting.
The sentence that illustrates the incorrect use of the conjunction "either" is "Stacey will arrive either today or will arrive on Monday." A misplaced conjunction can change the meaning of a sentence.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions.
Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard
Topic: Parallel Structure
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
21. The part of speech that connects a noun or a pronoun to the rest of the sentence is a(n):
A. adverb.
B. verb.
C. adjective.
D. preposition.
The part of speech that connects a noun or a pronoun to the rest of the sentence is a preposition. The noun or pronoun that follows the preposition in a phrase is the object of the preposition.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-02 State the function of prepositions.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Using Prepositions
22. The italicized words in which of the following sentences is a correctly used idiomatic preposition?
A. Mary is angry at her mother for not waiting for her.
B. Laura agrees to her family's decision to move to another city.
C. There is a huge discrepancy among the population statistics of Houston, Dallas, and San Antonio.
D. It was hard for Harry to part with his Captain Marvel's action figure.
The italicized words in the sentence "It was hard for Harry to part with his Captain Marvel's action figure." is a correctly used idiomatic preposition. "Part with" is generally used when the object is not a person.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-02 State the function of prepositions.
Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard
Topic: Words Requiring Specific Prepositions
6-20
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
23. Which of the following sentences uses the prepositions "between" or "among" correctly?
A. An organization divided the financial resources between its four departments.
B. The work load was divided between six team members working in the organization.
C. A winning team had to divide its prize money among eleven players.
D. There was a huge difference of opinion among Ralph and Lex.
The sentence that uses preposition correctly is "A winning team had to divide its prize money among eleven players." With regard to commonly confused prepositions, the rule is to use "between" when referring to two persons, places, or things, and use "among" when referring to three or more.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-02 State the function of prepositions.
Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard
Topic: Pitfalls of Using Prepositions
24. Which of the following sentences uses the prepositions "of" and "off" correctly?
A. Louisa told her dog to get off the couch immediately.
B. David couldn't think off another idea.
C. Lee and Scott were tired off their schedules.
D. Walker wanted to get of the steep slope but couldn't do it.
The sentence that uses preposition correctly is "Louisa told her dog to get off the couch immediately." The preposition "off" is used with persons only when something on the person is physically being lifted away.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-02 State the function of prepositions.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Pitfalls of Using Prepositions
6-21
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
25. Words that modify or describe nouns or pronouns are called:
A. adjectives.
B. interjections.
C. adverbs.
D. conjunctions.
Words that modify or describe nouns or pronouns are called adjectives. An adjective usually precedes the noun it modifies.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Kinds of Adjectives
26. Which of the following words is NOT an adjective?
A. A
B. The
C. An
D. On
The word "on" is not an adjective. It is a preposition. Any word that modifies or describes a noun or a pronoun is an adjective.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Kinds of Adjectives
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
27. The italicized words in which of the following sentences correctly illustrates the use of a proper adjective?
A. The CEO reluctantly signed the contract from Germany.
B. Paul's favorite vacation spot is in Venice.
C. Mark and his wife are proud to be New Yorkers
D. Susan could never forget the experience she had in Egypt
The sentence that correctly illustrates the use of a proper adjective is "Mark and his wife are proud to be New Yorkers." Proper adjectives include words derived from proper nouns, such as Mexican, British, Canadian, and Israeli.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Kinds of Adjectives
28. Which of the following is the superlative degree of the word "decisive"?
A. More decisive
B. Most decisive
C. Much decisive
D. Indecisive
The superlative degree of the word "decisive" is "most decisive." The superlative is formed by adding "est" to the positive form or by inserting the word "most" or "least" before it.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Forming the Comparative and Superlative Degrees
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
29. Which of the following adjectives is absolute and cannot be compared?
A. True
B. Great
C. Funny
D. Happy
The adjective that is absolute and cannot be compared is "True." Adjectives whose qualities cannot be compared are called absolute adjectives.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Forming the Comparative and Superlative Degrees
30. Which of the following sentences uses the adjectives "each other" and "one another" correctly?
A. Allen and Tim are good to each other.
B. Helen and Ruth are always in disagreement with one another.
C. The four friends could not see eye-to-eye with each other.
D. The two sisters looked exactly like one another.
The sentence that correctly illustrates the use of adjective is "Allen and Tim are good to each other." Use "each other" when referring to two in number; use "one another" when referring to three or more.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Forming the Comparative and Superlative Degrees
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
31. An adjective that follows a being verb and modifies or describes the subject of a sentence is known as a(n) _____.
A. proper adjective
B. demonstrative adjective
C. absolute adjective
D. predicate adjective
An adjective that follows a being verb and modifies or describes the subject of a sentence is known as a predicate adjective. Being verbs include all forms of the verb "to be."
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Predicate Adjectives
32. Words that modify or describe adjectives, verbs, or adverbs are called:
A. adjectives.
B. adverbs.
C. verbs.
D. appositives.
Words that modify or describe adjectives, verbs, or adverbs are called adverbs. Adverbs answer questions such as "Why?" "When?" "Where?" "How?" "How much?" and "To what extent?" Many adverbs are formed simply by adding "ly" to an adjective.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-04 Discuss how adverbs work.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Adverb Usage
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
33. A sentence reads "The report must be finished by Monday; therefore, we must work on a Saturday." In this sentence, the word "therefore" is a:
A. simple adverb.
B. conjunctive adverb.
C. correlative adverb.
D. subjunctive adverb.
In the given sentence, the word "therefore" is a conjunctive adverb. Conjunctive adverbs are adverbs that serve as conjunctions words that join. These adverbs are also known as transitional words.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-04 Discuss how adverbs work.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Conjunctive Adverbs
34. Which of the following is true about adjectives and adverbs?
A. Adjectives, not adverbs, must follow linking verbs.
B. Adjectives must never follow linking verbs, adverbs must.
C. Both adjectives and adverbs must follow linking verbs.
D. Neither adjectives nor adverbs should follow linking verbs.
Remember that adjectives, not adverbs, must follow linking verbs. The being verbs, are all nonaction, or linking, verbs. In addition to these, the sense verbs, such as "feel," "appear," "seem," "look," and "smell," can be used as nonaction verbs.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-04 Discuss how adverbs work.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Adjective and Adverb Confusions
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
35. Which of the following sentences uses the adverbs "some" and "somewhat" correctly?
A. Dr. Hahn was some surprised with the results of the study.
B. The group listed somewhat of its demands on paper.
C. She was somewhat critical of the architect's plan.
D. Mrs. Arnold felt some bad about the way she acted.
The sentence that correctly illustrates the use of adverb is "She was somewhat critical of the architect's plan." "Some" is an adjective; "somewhat" is an adverb.
AACSB: Communication
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-04 Discuss how adverbs work.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Adjective and Adverb Confusions
Fill in the Blank Questions
36. Pairs of conjunctions that are regularly used together to connect like elements are called _____ conjunctions.
Correlative
Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions that are regularly used together to connect like elements. Both coordinating and correlative conjunctions connect like elements only.
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Types of Conjunctions
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
37. The phrase "in order that" is an example of a(n) _____ conjunction. subordinating
The phrase "in order that" is an example of a subordinating conjunction. Such conjunctions join clauses of unequal rank. A subordinating conjunction introduces a subordinate, or dependent, clause and connects it to a main, or independent, clause.
AACSB: Communication Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Types of Conjunctions
38. The noun or pronoun that follows the preposition in a phrase is the _____ of the preposition. object
The noun or pronoun that follows the preposition in a phrase is the object of the preposition. The phrase may include modifiers, which can also be the objects of the preposition.
AACSB: Communication Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-02 State the function of prepositions.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Using Prepositions articles
39. The words "a," "an," and "the" are special types of adjectives known as _____.
The words "a," "an," and "the" are called articles. These are special adjectives.
AACSB: Communication Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Kinds of Adjectives
6-28
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
40. Possessive personal pronouns are possessive _____ that modify nouns. adjectives
Possessive personal pronouns are possessive adjectives that modify nouns. An adjective usually precedes the noun it modifies.
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Kinds of Adjectives descriptive
41. The most commonly used adjectives are _____ adjectives. These adjectives tell "what kind of."
The most commonly used adjectives are descriptive adjectives. Descriptive adjectives describe or tell "what kind of." An adjective usually precedes the noun it modifies.
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Kinds of Adjectives
42. Two or more words used together to modify one noun or pronoun form a(n) _____ adjective. compound
Two or more words used together to modify one noun or pronoun form a compound adjective. The different types of adjectives are articles, descriptive adjectives, possessive adjectives, limiting adjectives, proper adjectives, compound adjectives, and demonstrative adjectives.
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Kinds of Adjectives
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
43. Conjunctive adverbs join two _____ clauses. independent
Conjunctive adverbs join two independent clauses. Conjunctive adverbs are also known as transitional words.
AACSB: Communication Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-04 Discuss how adverbs work.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Conjunctive Adverbs
44. The word "furthermore" is an example of a(n) _____ adverb. conjunctive
The word "furthermore" is an example of a conjunctive adverb. Conjunctive adverbs are adverbs that serve as conjunctions words that join.
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 06-04 Discuss how adverbs work.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Conjunctive Adverbs double negative
45. A sentence reads "Jonathan hasn't never traveled to another country." In this sentence, the phrase "hasn't never" is a(n) _____.
In the given sentence, the phrase "hasn't never" is a double negative. A double negative is two negative expressions used together. A double negative gives a positive meaning.
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 06-04 Discuss how adverbs work.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Pitfalls of Adverb Use
Essay Questions
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
46. Explain the differences between the three types of conjunctions. Illustrate each type with an example. Students' answers will vary.
a) Coordinating conjunctions connect only like elements of grammar: two or more words, two or more phrases, or two or more clauses. The four coordinating conjunctions are "and," "but," "or," and "nor." For example, Pepperoni and beef are on your pizza. (The conjunction "and" connects two words, pepperoni and beef.)
b) Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions that are used together to link like elements. Some common correlative conjunctions are "both…and," "either…or," and "not only…but also." For example, Jack will work on our electrical system either during the week or during the weekend. (Two phrases, during the week and during the weekend, are joined.)
c) Subordinating conjunctions join clauses of unequal rank. A subordinating conjunction introduces a subordinate, or dependent, clause and connects it to a main, or independent, clause. Some common subordinating conjunctions are "until," "since," "if," "whenever," and "before." For example, "You should submit a $200 deposit if you plan to go to London with our group." (The subordinating conjunction "if" introduces the subordinate clause "If you plan to go to London with our group" and connects this clause to the main clause.)
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Types of Conjunctions
Students' answers will vary. There are two major conjunction pitfalls: a) Choosing a conjunction that does not accurately convey the meaning intended. Common errors within this pitfall are with regard to using "but" or "and"; using "who," "which," or "that"; using "since" or "because" instead of "being that"; and using "the reason is that" or "pretend that." b) Choosing a preposition when a conjunction is needed. Common errors within this pitfall are with regard to using "without," "except," and "unless"; or "as," "as if," "as though," and not "like."
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Pitfalls of Using Conjunctions
6-31 a) Coordinating conjunctions connect like elements: an adjective with an adjective, a prepositional phrase with a prepositional phrase, and so on. Therefore, make sure that the elements before and after a coordinating conjunction match. For example, "Our security system is checked carefully and regularly." (An adverb, "carefully," appears before the coordinating conjunction "and"; therefore, the adverb "regularly" should follow "and.") b) To achieve parallelism with correlative conjunctions, simply make sure that the element that follows the first conjunction is the same part of speech as the element that follows the second conjunction. For example, "Katie wants either Adam or me to select the carpet for the reception area." (The elements that follow "either . . . or" are the noun "Adam" and a pronoun "me." Nouns and pronouns are considered like elements because pronouns are substitutes for nouns. Thus the phrase "either Adam or me" is parallel.)
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
48. Explain how parallel structure in writing can be followed with coordinating conjunctions and with correlative conjunctions. Illustrate each one with an example.
Students' answers will vary. Observing the rules of parallel structure will provide balance to your writing. Parallel structure expresses parallel ideas in parallel form.
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-01 Understand how and when to use conjunctions. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Parallel Structure
49. Define a preposition and a prepositional phrase. Illustrate three sentences and highlight the prepositions in each sentence.
Students' answers will vary. A preposition is a connecting word. It connects a noun or a pronoun to the rest of the sentence. The preposition combined with that noun or pronoun makes up a prepositional phrase.
Examples: a) "Mrs. Esposito lives in the apartment above mine." b) "Kevin went to the pharmacy after his appointment with his doctor." c) "The selection for the mall location will not be revealed until the property has been purchased."
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-02 State the function of prepositions. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Using Prepositions
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50. What is the significance of idiomatic usage in the English language? Mention the idiomatic expressions that are often misused.
Students' answers will vary. Through years of use, certain expressions have come to be considered "correct" even though there may be no rule or logical reason to make them so. Such usage, called "idiomatic usage," governs many expressions in our language. The use of certain prepositions with certain words is idiomatic. Long-accepted use has made it correct to use these prepositions. The idiomatic expressions that are used and misused most often are shown below: a) Use "agree with" when the object of the preposition is a person or an idea; use "agree to" when the object is not a person or an idea. b) Use "angry with" when the object of the preposition is a person; use "angry at" or "angry about" when the object is not a person. c) "Part from" means "to take leave of"; "part with" means "to relinquish" or "to give up." "Part from" is generally used when the object of the preposition is a person. "Part with" is generally used when the object is not a person. d) Use "discrepancy in" when the object of the preposition is singular. Use "discrepancy between" when the object specifically denotes two in number. Use "discrepancy among" when the object denotes three or more persons or things. e) The three terms "in regard to," "with regard to," and "as regards" are equally correct, but be sure to remember that only the word "regard" can be used in the phrases "in regard to" and "with regard to."
AACSB: Communication Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-02 State the function of prepositions. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Words Requiring Specific Prepositions
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51. Describe three pitfalls of using prepositions. Explain with examples.
Students' answers will vary. Deciding when to use "between" and when to use "among" is one preposition choice that traps many writers and speakers. Other pitfalls pertain to adding unnecessary prepositions or, conversely, omitting prepositions that are necessary. Some examples refer to using: a) "between" or "among." b) "beside" or "besides." c) "inside" or "outside." d) "all" or "both." e) "from" or "off." f) "help," not "help from." g) "opposite," not "opposite to."
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-02 State the function of prepositions.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Pitfalls of Using Prepositions
52. With the help of examples, differentiate between possessive adjectives and limiting adjectives. Students' answers will vary. Possessive personal pronouns and possessive nouns can be used as adjectives to modify nouns. They are called possessive adjectives. For example, "Your lawyer evaluated our request and referred it to Don's office."
Adjectives that tell "how many," "how much," or "in what order" are called limiting adjectives. For example, "The top five seniors will receive at least three full scholarships." ("Top" tells "in what order," "five" tells "how many seniors," "at least three" tells "how many scholarships.")
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Kinds of Adjectives
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
53. Explain the difference between an adjective and an adverb.
Students' answers will vary. An adjective is a word used to describe a noun or pronoun. An adjective answers one of the following questions: "What kind?" "How many?" "How much?" "Which one?" or "In what order?" An adjective can be a single word, a phrase, or a clause. An adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. An adverb answers one of the following phrases: "When?" Where?" "Why?" "In what manner?" or "To what extent?"
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-03 Explain the importance of adjectives.
Learning Objective: 06-04 Discuss how adverbs work.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Adverb Usage
Topic: Kinds of Adjectives
54. Explain adverbial clauses. Illustrate with examples.
Students' answers will vary. Subordinating conjunctions introduce dependent clauses that serve as adverbs modifying an adjective, verb, or adverb in the main clause. These clauses are called adverbial clauses. Here are some commonly used subordinating conjunctions: a) After/Before/Unless b) Although/For/Until c) As/If/When d) Because/Since/While
Examples: a) Anita Sanchez will become our chief executive officer when Melvin Morris retires. (The adverbial clause "when Melvin Morris retires" modifies the verb "will become" in the main clause.) b) Our new line of cellular phones will be profitable if we market it properly. (The adverbial clause "if we market it properly" modifies the adjective "profitable.")
AACSB: Communication
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-04 Discuss how adverbs work.
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Adverbial Clauses
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
