Buddhism as an Education & To Understand Buddhism

Buddhism •s•n

Educα廿i○n Vene「αbIeMαs↑e「ChinKung

NAMOAMITABHA

南無阿彌陀佛

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CHAPTER•NE

THECAUSE•F•URCHA•TICW•R<D

TodαYlssocie↑iesinTαiwαnαndeIsewhe「ein↑he

w0Ⅱdα「e「α↑he「αbno「mαl’αphenomenon↑hα↑hαs no↑beenwi↑nessedbe↑o「eei↑he「in↑heWes↑o「↑he

Eαs↑.S○meWes↑e「ne「shovep「edic↑ed↑hα↑↑heend ○「↑hew○Ⅱdwil∣0ccu「inIg9?αnd↑hα↑Chns↑wiII「e﹣

↑u「n↑○eα「↑hfo「」udgemen↑DαY.Eαs↑e「ne「shαve

αIs0p「edic↑edimpendingdisαs↑e「s↑hα↑α「esimiIα「↑○

↑h○sep「edic↑i○nsin↑heWes↑’↑he○n∣γdi↑fe「ence

being↑he↑ime↑「αme’whichissome↑wen↑γγeα「s Iα↑e「.S○me○↑↑heseα「eαncien↑p「○phecies〃which wesh○u∣dn○↑pIαce↑○○muchimp○『↑αnce○n.

H○weve「〃i↑weview○u「envi「0nmen↑0bIec↑iveIγ’we

wiI∣「eαIize↑ho↑↑hisw○Ⅱdis「eαIIγind○nge「.

Envi「○nmen↑αIp○∣Iu↑i○nhαsbec○meαse『i○us

p「○bIemαndn○whumαnkindhαs↑inα∣lγbegun↑0 unde「s↑αnd↑heneedf○「p「○↑ec↑ing○u「envi「○nmen↑‧ H○weve「〃↑hep「○bIem○fmen↑oIo「spi「i↑uαIp○Ilu↑i○n ism○nγ↑imesm○「ese「i○us↑hαn↑hα↑○f↑heenvi「○n﹣

men↑.Thisis↑hes○u「ceo↑w○ⅡdIγi∣Is↑hα↑n○↑mαnγ

pe○pIe「eα∣ize‧TheChinesehαveαsαγingllEducα↑i○niSm○s↑essen↑iα∣↑○eS↑αbIishαnα↑i○n’↑「αini↑S

∣eαde「sαndi↑spe○p∣e.llF0「cen↑u「ies’↑heChinese

hαveα∣wαγsbe∣ievedin↑hepnm0cγ○「educα↑i0n’ 3

whichisc○nside「ed↑he↑○undo↑i○n「○「αpeαce↑uI

ondp「ospe「○uss○cie↑γ.∣↑p「○vides↑hesoIu↑i○n↑○α

mγ『iαd○fs0ciα∣iIIs○nclle○ds↑hewαγ↑ochαnging ○nelssu↑↑e「ingin↑○h0ppiness‧Educα↑i○nhosα

s↑「○ngimpαc↑○n↑henα↑i○n0ndi↑spe0p∣e.M○「e○﹣ ve「〃elemen↑o「Yscho○Iis↑he↑0und○↑i○n〃↑heb0sic buildingb∣ockin0neduc○↑i0nα∣sγs↑em.

4

CHAP「ERTW○

BUDDHISⅢASANEDUCA「I○N

Buddhism○↑↑iciαl∣γcαme↑○Chinαin67AD.The

Empe「○「hαdsen↑speciα∣env○γs↑○Indiα↑○invi↑e Buddhis↑monks↑0c0me↑○Chinα↑0↑eαchBud-

dhism／whichin↑hα↑pe「i○dwαs『egα「dedαsαn

educα↑i0nαlsγs↑em’αndn○↑αSα「eIigi○nReg「e↑fulIγ〃αbou↑↑w0hund「edγeα「sαgα↑hep「αc↑iceo↑ 8ucldhismhαcⅡ○kenonαm○「e「e∣igi0us「αcαde.

The「e「0「e’↑hepu「poseof↑his↑α∣kis↑0co「『ec↑↑his

misunde「s↑αnclingbγIeαdingusbαck↑○↑heo「igInα∣ fo「m0↑Bucldhismαs↑αugh↑bγBuddh○Shαkγαmuni‧ TheGoαI0f↑heBuddhαlSTeαching BuddhismisBuddhαShαkγαmunilseducα↑i○nα∣ sγs↑em〃whichissimi∣α「↑o↑hα↑○「Con「ucius↑○「b○↑h

p「esen↑edsimiI○「viewp○in↑sαndme↑h0ds.Theg○αl o「Buddhis↑educα↑i○nis↑○α↑↑αinwisdom.∣nSαnsk「i↑〃

↑heIαnguoge○↑αncien↑Indiα↑heBuddhis↑wisd0m

wαscαI∣edⅡAnu↑↑α「α﹣sαmγ○k﹣s○mbh○dillmeαning

↑hepe「fec↑u∣↑imα↑ewiscl○m.TheBuddhα↑αugh↑us ↑hα↑↑hemαin○biec↑ive○f○u「p「αc↑iceo「cu∣↑ivα↑i○n wαs↑oαchieve↑hisul↑imo↑ewisd○m‧He「u「↑he「

↑αugh↑us↑hα↑eve「Y○nehos↑hep○↑en↑iαI↑○「eαIize

↑hiss↑α↑eo↑u∣↑imα↑ewisd0m’○si↑isαnin↑Ⅱnsicpα「↑0↑ 5

○u「nα↑u「e〃n○↑some↑hing0neob↑oinsex↑e「no∣IY‧ H○weve「〃m○s↑○↑ushαvebecomecon↑used

↑h「○ughgene「α∣misconcep↑ionsαnd↑he『e「o「e’α「e n0↑○bIe↑○「e0Iize↑hispo↑en↑iα∣‧The「e↑○「e〃i↑we b「eαk↑h「ough↑hiscon↑usi○n〃wewiIl「eo∣ize↑hisin↑「in﹣ sicpα「↑○f○u「no↑u『e.Thus’Buddhismisoneduco﹣

↑ionαlsYs↑emoimedα↑「egαiningou「○wnin↑nnsicno﹣ ↑u「e.I↑oIs○↑eochesαbsolu↑eeαuαIi↑Ywhich s↑emmed↑「○mBuddhds「ec○gni↑ion↑h○↑α∣lsen↑ien↑ beingsp○ssess↑hisinn○↑ewisdomαndnα↑u「e.

The「ef○「e〃↑he「eisn○inhe「en↑di↑fe「enceom○ng beings.Eve『γ○neisdi↑↑e「en↑n○wbecαusewehαve ∣○s↑0u「↑「uen0↑u「eondhovebecomec○n↑used

Thedeg「ee○fwisd○mexhibi↑edbγindividuαIsde﹣

pends○n↑hedeg「ee○↑deluSi○nαndhosn○↑hing↑0 d○wi↑h↑he↑「uen○↑u「e○「↑heindividuoI.The8ud-

dhαls↑eαchinghelpsus↑○「e0Iize↑hα↑inno↑e〃pe「﹣ fec↑〃u∣↑im○↑ewisdom.Wi↑hwisd0m’wec0n↑hen

s○∣veα∣I○u「p「ob∣emsαnd↑u「nsuf「e「ingin↑ohαppiness.Due↑○○u『Iαck○↑wisd○m’wepe『ceive〃view αndbehαve↑oolish∣γ〃○nd↑hussu↑↑e『↑hec○nseαuencesev○kedbγ○u「inc○「「ec↑αc↑ions.I↑we

h○vewisdom〃○u「↑h○ugh↑S’viewp○in↑sondbehαvi○「 wi∣∣bec○『「ec↑;h○w↑henc○nwesu↑↑e「when↑he「e

α「en○i∣∣c○nsequences↑○su「↑e「↑「○m?○↑cou「se’ wewi∣∣behαppγ.F『○mhe「e〃wecαnsee↑hα↑su↑﹣ 6

「e「ingisc○usedbγde∣usionαnd↑hes0u「ceo↑hop﹣ pinessis○u「○wn「eoliz0↑i○n○↑wisd○m. 『heCo「e○「↑heBuddh○Is『e0ching

「heBuddhαis↑eochingc○n↑○ins↑h「eemα】○「

p○in↑s:discipIine〃medi↑0↑ion○ndwisd○m.Wiscl○mis ↑heg○α∣αnddeepmec∣i↑○↑i○n○「c○ncen↑「○↑i○nis ↑hec「uciα∣p「ocess↑○wα「d○chievingwisd○m.Disci-

p∣ine↑h「○ugh○bseⅣing↑hep「ecep↑s〃is↑heme↑h○d ↑hα↑heIps○ne↑0αchievedeepmedi↑α↑i○n;wisd○m wi∣∣↑henbe「eα∣izedn○↑u「α∣Iγ.Buddhαlsen↑i「e

↑eαchingsαsc○nveγedin↑hesu↑「αsneve「『e○l∣γdepα『↑f「○m↑hese↑h『eep○in↑s’BucIdhismenc○m﹣

pαsses↑heen↑i「ec○lIec↑ion○↑w○「ksbγBuddhα Shαkγαmuni○ndiscαI∣ed↑heT「ipi↑○kα『hisc0nbe c∣αssi↑ieclin↑○↑h「eecα↑eg○「ies:su↑「αvinαγo﹙p「e﹣ cep↑s○「「uIes｝αndsαs↑「o﹛c○mmen↑α「ies）which emphαsizemedi↑α↑i○n〃discipIine〃αndwisd○m「e﹣ spec↑iveIγ‧ TheBuddhis↑Educα↑i○nαl○「gαnizα↑i○ninChino Buddhis↑educα↑ionisbαsed○n↑i∣iα∣pie↑Y〃αsis ↑heChinesecuI↑u「e.P「i○「↑○↑hein↑「○duc↑i○n○↑Bud-

dhism↑○Chinα↑i∣iαIpie↑Ywαs↑hepiI∣α「○↑s○cie↑Y αndwαssupp0『↑edbγ↑hewisemeno↑αncien↑ 7

ChinαWhen8uddhis↑monks↑「omIndiαcαme↑o

Chin0○nds↑α『↑ed↑odiscuss8uddhismwi↑hg○ve「n﹣ men↑○↑↑ici○ls〃i↑wαsimmedio↑e∣γαppα「en↑↑○eve『Yone↑h○↑8uddhismshα「ednume「oussimiIαⅡ↑ieswi↑h

↑heindigen○usC○n「uci○n↑「αdi↑i○ns‧C○nseciuen↑lγ’ ↑heg○ve「nmen↑emb「αced↑hem0nd「eαues↑ed

↑hα↑↑hem○nkss↑αγinChin○pe「mαnen↑lY. The↑i「s↑↑w○monks〃wh○come↑○ChinαMo↑on

αndChu「α「l○nwe「e「eceivedbγ↑he!∣Hong-Lu﹣SilI whichiseαuivαlen↑↑0○u「p「esen↑Fo「eignⅢinis↑『V○『 S↑α↑eDep0「↑men↑.IiSiilw○sdesignα↑edαsαminis↑「V

○f↑heg○ve「nmentTheChie「○↑H○ng-【u-Siis eαuivαIen↑↑oα↑○「eignminis↑e「○「Sec「e↑α『Yo↑S↑α↑e.

H○weve『〃H○ng﹣〔u-Sic○uId○n∣γ「eceivef○「eign

gues↑s↑emp○「αⅡlγ.In○「cle「↑o○II○w↑hem↑os↑αγ pe「mαnen↑∣γ〃↑heEmpe『○「○dded0n○↑he「minis↑『V’ Ⅱ8αi﹣Ⅲα﹣Si／l↑o↑○kech○「ge○↑Buddhis↑educα↑i○n‧

○nginα∣∣γ〃↑heMSiIIhαdn○↑hing↑○d○wi↑h○↑emple bu↑me「eIγden○↑ed○minis↑『V○「↑heimpe「iα∣c○u『↑’

nowi↑den○↑esα↑emp∣einc○n↑emp○「α「YChinese.

Sα↑he「ewe『e↑w○minis↑『iesinchα「ge0↑educα↑ion.

TheM〔i﹣Bu／!mαnαgedbγ↑heP「imeMinis↑e「〃w0sin

chα「ge0↑↑he↑「αdi↑i0no∣C○n↑uci0neduc0↑i○n○∣sγs﹣ ↑em.This0『g○nizo↑i○nseⅣed↑hesαme↑unc↑ionun↑i∣

↑hee0『lγ】g00Is.As↑heEmpe「0「hαdgivenen○「﹣ m0ussupp○「↑↑○↑heⅡB○i﹣Ⅲ○﹣Si／lBuddhis↑educα↑i○n

8

「opidIYsp「eod↑h「ough○u↑ChinαInmαnγins↑αnces’ i↑hαdeven↑o「exceeded↑hee↑↑o「↑s↑○educo↑e

peopIe↑hαn↑he↑「αdi↑ionα∣educα↑i○nsγs↑emofⅡLi﹣ Bu.llC○nsequen↑IY〃↑he「emoγno↑hαvebeenα Con↑uciono「Mon↑ucionscho0∣ineve『YviI∣oge’bu↑

↑he「ewosoⅡSilIeve「Ywhe「e.Agαin’↑heBuddhis↑ !lSill’○「↑emple’used↑○beoneduco↑i○nolins↑i↑u↑i○n αnddidn○↑pe「f○「m「eIigi○usce「emonieso↑α∣∣’un﹣ ∣ikewho↑o「↑en↑αkesploceincon↑emp○「o『Y↑empIej n•w0doYs.

An○↑he「imp○「↑αn↑missi○nfo「↑he○「iginαlllSiⅢ wossu↑「α↑『ons∣o↑ion.「hesc0Ie○↑↑he↑「onsl○↑i○ne↑﹣

↑○『↑isho「d↑oimogine↑○doγ.Du「ing↑heseven↑h cen↑u「γ〃↑he「○m○usm○nkXu○n﹣Tsu0nghodsupe「﹣ visedsixhund「edschoIo「sinsu↑「o↑「αnsIα↑i0n.P「io「↑○

↑his’omonknomedKumα「αIαhαdα↑「onsIo↑ion ↑eomo「obou↑↑ou「hund「edscho∣o「s.The「e↑○「e〃↑he

llSiⅢwαsαlα「geg0ve「nmen↑αl○「g○niz0↑i○n.Unfo「﹣ ↑uno↑e∣γ〃i↑wαscomple↑elγ↑「αns↑0「medin↑oαp∣oce ↑○deα∣wi↑hsupe「s↑i↑i○nαndspi「i↑sα「○und↑w○hun﹣

d「edγeα『sαgo.I↑seducα↑ionolcho「αc↑e『is↑ics↑o↑α∣∣γdisαppeα「edwhichwαs↑「u∣γ「eg「e↑↑u∣.

TheFou「Cu『「en↑Tγpes○↑Buddhism

T○cloγ〃↑he『eo「e↑ou「↑γpes○↑Buddhismbeing

9

p「0c↑icedFi「s↑〃↑he「eis↑he「eIigious8uddhism〃which cαnbewi↑nessedin↑empIes↑h「○ugh○u↑Tαiw○n.

H○weve「’↑hisd○esno↑「ep「esen↑↑he「eα∣8uddhism.

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un「○「↑unα↑e○「α∣∣〃is↑he↑o↑α∣degene「α↑i○nofBuddhismin↑○αcul↑.This↑hi「d↑γpe○↑Buddhismismuch mo「edαm○ging↑○↑hepub∣ic↑h0n↑he↑i「s↑↑w○ ↑γpes.Finα∣Iγ〃↑he「eis↑he↑『αdi↑i○n○l8uddhism〃↑he

↑eαchings○fBuddh○Shαkγαmuniini↑s↑「ueessence〃

whichisve「Y「α「ein○u「dαγαnd0ge.

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CHAPTER『HREE

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phi∣○sophies○↑↑heWes↑’ChinαIndiαondfinα∣∣γ Buddhism.He↑αugh↑me↑h0↑Buddhismis↑hepin﹣ n0c∣e○「↑hew○Ⅱd∣sphi∣os○phγαnd↑hα↑i↑p「ovides ↑heg「eα↑es↑enI○γmen↑↑○「hum○ni↑Y.Whα↑he↑0ld mew○s「αscinα↑ingαnds○○n∣「eα∣ized↑h○↑Bud-

dhismc○n↑αineds○me↑hingmαgni「icen↑.Is↑α「↑ed↑○ visi↑↑he↑empIesinTαipei.Howeve「〃↑hem○nksIme↑

in↑h○se↑emp∣es】us↑c○uIdn○↑c∣eαⅡYexpIoinBud﹣ dhism↑○αnin↑eI∣ec↑uo∣skep↑icIikeme.H○weve「’

↑hem○nksα「emuchbe↑↑e「in↑eαching8udclhism ↑○dαγ‧Then∣se↑mγ「i「s↑sigh↑onShαn-D0○-Si〃which wosαl0「ge↑empIeinTαipeiwi↑hovαs↑c○IIec↑i○n○↑

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l3

CHAPTERF•UR

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HowBuddhis↑Te『min○∣○gγIIIus↑「o↑es↑ho↑ Buddhismis○nEducα↑i○n

Buddhismis↑he↑eαchingo↑BuddhαShαkY○muni αshewαsi↑s↑0unde「.WecαIIHim↑heIl○「igin○I

↑eαche「／llus↑Iike↑heChinesecαIIC○n↑ucius↑he llG「eα↑es↑sαge0nd↑eαche「’llThe「e∣α↑i○nshipbe﹣ ↑ween8uddho○nd0u「seIvesisα↑eαche「﹂s↑uden↑

「eIα↑ionshipwhichisn○↑「eligi0usinnα↑u「e.∣n「e∣ig﹣ i0n↑he『eisno↑0↑eαche「﹣s↑uden↑『e∣○↑i○nshipbu↑ ↑h0↑0fpo「en↑-chiId○「mαs↑e「﹣seⅣαn↑.

Abou↑↑wen↑YYeα「s0goIgαveαseneso「Iec↑u「esinFu﹣RenCo↑h○IicUnive『si↑Yαnd↑ough↑in↑he ThomosMonαs↑e「Y↑0「onesemes↑e「.I↑oldmYs↑u﹣

den↑s’wh○we「emαinIYpnes↑sαndnuns〃↑○↑αke「e「﹣ ugein↑heBuddhααnd↑o∣eαmBuddhismweI∣.

23

The「eisobsoIu↑elγn○con↑Iic↑be↑weenBuddhism

αnd「eIigion↑o「oneis↑eαche「﹣s↑uden↑αnd↑heo↑he「

↑α↑he「﹣son‧l「↑hep『ies↑sαndnunswe「e↑op「αc↑ice

Buddhismαndin↑u「nαbαndon↑hei「own「eIigion∣ beIieve↑h0↑even8uddh0wouIdn○↑αccep↑↑hem’ f○「i↑is0goins↑humαne↑hics↑ocliscα「d↑hepα「en↑↑○「

↑he↑eαche「.The「e↑o「e’「eIigious↑○∣Iowe「swi∣Ibenefi↑ i↑↑heγp「αc↑iceBuddhism.Aswep「αc↑ice’wewiI∣ α↑↑oin↑he↑「uewisd○m↑okn○wexαc↑lγwh○↑Heαven isIike○ndwillbeαb∣e↑odecidewhenαndh○wwe

w0n↑↑○g○↑he『e.『hus〃BuddhismisαwαYo↑↑eαch﹣ ingαsi↑↑eαchesushow↑o「egoin○u「↑「uewisdom.

Whenαmonkisc○∣Ied∣lHe﹣ShαnglIheis

equivαIen↑↑0↑hep『incipαIin↑odαγlsschooI’「o「heis ↑hedi「ec↑○「○「educα↑ionoIs↑「α↑egies.Allo↑he「↑αc﹣

u∣↑Ymembe『so「e↑eαche『swh0execu↑e↑hep「inci﹣

pαIIseducα↑i0nαls↑「α↑egiesαndαc↑αs『0∣emode∣s 「○『↑hes↑uden↑sIbehovi0「αndspeech‧ⅢγIα↑e

↑eαche「〃P「o↑esso「Fαngcons↑αn↑Iγαssu「edme↑hα↑ Buddhismisαneducα↑ion‧Lα↑e「inmYs↑udies0f↑he su↑「0s〃l「eof「i「medhiss↑α↑emen↑↑ho↑Buddhismis↑he

pinnocle○↑↑hewo「ldlswisdom.l↑p「○vides↑he

g「eα↑es↑enIoYmen↑「o「humαnkind.Ihαveexpen﹣

enced↑heunsu「pαssαbIeloγo「being↑「ee↑「omα「﹣ ↑Iic↑ions’deIusionsαndwαnde「ing↑hough↑s‧Mγ

bodγαndmindα「ecIeαnαndpu「e’↑o↑oIIγo↑eαse‧∣ 24

αm↑hehαppies↑pe「sonin↑hew○『ldThe「e↑o『e〃∣「ee∣

indeb↑ed↑oP「○↑esso「Fαng「○「wi↑h0u↑him’lw○uld no↑hαve∣eα「nedBuddhismn○「w0uIdIhαvesuch

c○mpIe↑ehαppinessdeⅡved「「omp「αc↑icingBud﹣ dhαls↑eαching

25

CHAPTER「IVE

THEINTEGRAT|•N•F C•NFUC|ANISIAND8UDDHISM

Buddhismsuccess↑u∣∣γme「gedin↑○Chinesecu∣﹣

↑u「e;↑heγbecαmeinsepα「αb∣e.「hebαsicconcep↑ ↑hα↑↑heγshα「eis↑ogiveup○nels○wnin↑e「es↑「o「↑he sαkeof○↑he「s.C○nfucionismondBuddhismαdv○-

cα↑e↑heenhαncemen↑αndg∣○「i↑icα↑ion○f↑i∣io∣pie↑γ’↑he「espec↑onddev○↑i○n○fαnindividu○∣↑o『

↑hei「pα「en↑sαnd↑eαche「s.Filiα∣pie↑γisαmα】○「 eIemen↑inαccomplishingwo「∣clpeαce‧

Whα↑iseclucα↑i○n?I↑is↑hemeαningαncl↑he vα∣ue○fhumon∣ife〃↑he「e∣o↑i○n5hipsbe↑weenhumαnbeingsαswe∣∣αs↑hosebe↑weenhumαnsαnd

↑heuniverse.C○nfuciαn↑eochingencompαsses ↑h「eemαinpoin↑s.「i「s↑’i↑isimp○「↑αn↑↑○uncle「s↑ond ↑he「e∣α↑i○nshipbe↑weenhumαns〃○nce↑hisisunde「s↑o0clwewi∣∣Ieα「n↑0l○vepeople‧Secondi↑isim﹣ p0「↑αn↑↑ounde「s↑αnd↑he「eIα↑i0nshipbe↑weenhu﹣ mαnsαndheαven○nce↑hisisunde「s↑○○dwewi∣∣

∣eα「n↑o「espec↑heαven∣γbeings○ndspi「i↑s.Thi「cl’i↑

isimpo『↑0n↑↑ouncle「s↑αnd↑he『e∣α↑ionshipbe↑ween humαnsαnd↑heenvi「○nmen↑’once↑hisisunde『s↑○odwewi∣lleα「n↑○↑αkecα「e○f↑heenvi「onmen↑

αnd↑○opp「eci0↑eeveⅣsing∣e↑hingo「○unc∣us.

27

The「eo「e↑ou『s↑udieswi↑hinCon「uciαn↑eαchings:

vi『↑uespeech’skil∣s↑○「eo「ning0Iivingond↑heα巾.

The↑eαching○fvi「↑ueis↑hec○「e○fC0nfuciαnism;i↑

is○bs○lu↑e∣γc「uci0∣〃↑0「wi↑h○u↑m○「○Ii↑γ○ndp「○pe『 c○nduc↑webec○mese∣↑ishαndc○nce「nedonIγ wi↑hou「se∣veso↑↑heexpense○↑s○cie↑Y.Suchbehαvi○「con「esuI↑inw○「Idchαos.TodαY〃○u『educo﹣

↑i0nhαsI0s↑↑hα↑emphαsis.Sch○0∣sonIY↑eochskiIls

↑ho↑○「esupe「↑iciα∣αndno↑↑he「0○↑○「educα↑i○n.

When↑he「o○↑is「0↑↑en〃i↑shokes↑he↑○undo↑i○nof

s○cie↑γ○ndc○uses↑hechαos↑hα↑we0「eexpen﹣

encing↑od0γ.E∣emen↑o「Ysch○olsα「eIike↑he「oo↑o「 educo↑i○n:】uni○「highs’highsch○0∣s’ondcoIleges α「e↑he↑∣owe「sαndleoves‧Teαche「scons↑o「↑

↑eαching「iIioIpie↑Y↑oou「chiId「en0seαnγαspossible.

BγI○○king0↑↑hewαγChinesechα「oc↑e「swe「e c「eo↑edweconno↑bu↑αdmi「eou「αnces↑o「lshigh leveIo↑wisd0m.We↑honk↑hem↑0「hαvinggivenus

s○me↑hing↑ho↑iss○vα∣uαb∣eondexαuisi↑e.TheChi﹣ nesecho「oc↑e「Mpie↑YⅢemb「αces↑hespi「i↑o↑Bud﹣ dhismαnd↑he↑oundo↑iono「educα↑ionαsi↑iso c○mbino↑i0no↑↑hechα「αc↑e「s↑o「Ⅱo∣dliαndⅡson.il

Nowαdαγs’pe○ple↑α∣kobou↑↑hegene「o↑iongop

be↑weenpα「en↑sαndchild「en’whichissome↑hing ↑「odi↑ionαI↑αmi∣iesdidn0↑hαve.In↑heChinese↑「αdi﹣

28

↑ion’n○↑onlγα「e↑o↑he「αnds○n○neuni↑;g「αnd↑o﹣ ↑he「s○ndg「onds○ns〃e↑c‧○「eoI∣po「↑of↑hesαme c○n↑inuum.Thisisαuniαuec○ncep↑‧Wes↑e「ne「s○↑﹣ ↑enoskwhγChinesepe○p∣epoγ「espec↑↑0onces↑○『ssincewebα「elγknow↑hem.The「ememb「αnce ○↑ou「αnces↑0「sis↑he「○und○↑i0n○「Con「ucionism

αndBuddhism〃whichis↑hes○u「ceo↑hα「monγins○﹣ cie↑γ○ndpeαcein↑hewo「∣d T○doγeve「Y○ne∣○ngs↑o「w○「∣dpe○ce〃bu↑we

need↑○s↑o「↑f「○m↑he↑○undα↑i○no「↑i∣iαIpie↑γ↑o○b﹣ ↑○ini↑‧Buddhismemphαsizesuncondi↑i○nα∣c○mpos﹣

si0n↑o「α∣∣sen↑ien↑beingsin↑heunive「seonclbeγ○nd;in↑hep○s↑’p「esen↑ond↑u↑u「e.Thecon↑inuum

○↑↑imeondsp○ceisinsepo「○b∣ef「om○nese∣「〃↑○「We A『eAII0neEn↑i↑V.○ned0esn0↑fincl↑hisex↑ensive

c○ncep↑in「e∣igi○n.l∣ThusC○me○neⅢ’oneo「↑he

↑ennomesf○「Buddhαs↑ondsf○「onenIigh↑ened beingwhichisou「bosicnα↑u「e’ond○Is○↑hees-

sence0「↑heunive「seondhumonlife.Thisconcep↑is embodiedbγ↑heChinesecho「αc↑e『Ⅱpie↑γⅡond↑he nome○fAmi↑0bhoBuddhαin↑hePu「e〔ondSchoo∣‧

Thenαmesmαγbedif「e「en↑bu↑↑hemeαningsα「e

↑hesαme:unc○ncli↑ionα∣Iove↑○「αl∣beings↑hα↑su「possesspoceond•ime.

29

TheFiveHumonRe∣α↑i0nships C○n↑uci0n↑eαchings0「ebαsed○n↑ivehumon

「elα↑i○nships↑hα↑α『e↑0unded○nm○「αlp「incipIes. Thefivehumαn「e∣α↑i○nshipsinc∣ude↑h○sebe↑ween

husbαnd／wi↑e『pα「en↑∕childsib∣ings〃「「iends’αndpoli↑icαl∣eαde「sαnd↑hepub∣ic.Husb○nd／wife「ep『esen↑s↑hesm○∣∣es↑○nd↑hemos↑in↑imα↑eci「cleof

humαn「e∣α↑ionships.○u↑side↑hesmα∣∣ci「c∣eis↑he

ex↑encledfαmi∣γ’whichincIudes↑he「elα↑i○nshipsbe-

↑ween↑α↑he「αncls○nαnd↑h0seαm○ng↑hesib∣ings. ○u↑side↑he↑αmilγ↑he「eiss○cie↑γwhichinc∣udes αc∣di↑i○nαl「e∣α↑ionshipsbe↑ween↑heindividuα∣αnd hisleαde「αndci「c∣eso「↑「iends.Wen○wo↑↑en↑α∣k

αb○u↑↑heneed↑ouni↑epe○p∣e.Inαncien↑↑imes〃 ↑heChinesehαdn○use「○「↑hewo「dIluni↑e／l「o「↑he

↑ivehumαn「e∣α↑ionshipscle↑ine「heuniono↑α∣∣pe○-

p∣e.Eve『γoneon↑hise○「↑hisou「b「○↑he「.Eαchis「e﹣ sp○nsible「o「↑he○↑he「;pα「en↑sbeingc○mpαssi○nα↑e’s○nsαnddαugh↑e「sbeing↑i∣iα∣↑○↑hei「pα「en↑s’ sibIingsαnd↑「iendsbeing「espec↑ful↑○eαcho↑he「‧ ∣n↑hiswαγ〃↑hecoun↑『Yαndi↑spe○p∣eα「eαI「eαdγ○ pe「fec↑union.The「e∣α↑i○nshipsbe↑weenpeop∣e αls○define「esp○nsibili↑ies↑「0mone↑○↑he○↑he「.

Eve「V○nehαshis○wndu↑γαnd「esp○nsibi∣i↑γ↑○↑uI「i∣∣.

30

「heP「αc↑ice○↑C○n「uciαnism○ndBuddhism

Hum○nbeingsdi↑fe『↑「○mαnimα∣sbγ○dhenng↑o

humon「el○↑i○nshipsαndbαsicm○「○lp「incip∣es.The p「αc↑ice○「Con「uciαnismisbαsed○nhαvingsince「e αndp「ope『↑h0ugh↑s〃c○ITec↑behovi○「〃○we∣∣-

○「gαnizedondhα『m○ni○us↑αmi∣γondc○un↑「Y’ond pe0ce↑○「αlI.「hisisiden↑icα∣↑○↑heviews○↑Bud﹣

dhism’whichα∣s0emphαsizesp「αc↑icingαndIe○「n﹣ ingI↑olls↑α「↑s「「○mgene「α↑ing↑heB○dhici↑↑○mind

IlB○dhilIisαSαnsk「i↑w○「dmeαningenIigh↑enmen↑.

Enligh↑enmen↑meαnsonlIαwokenedllmindl↑is

simi∣α「↑○↑hesince「e↑h○ugh↑αndp「ope「mindαd﹣

v○cα↑edbγC○n↑uciαnism.AChineseg○ve「nmen↑ o↑↑iciαIde↑inedsince「i↑γve「Vwe∣I.Hen○↑ed↑hα↑

!lSince「i↑γme○nshαvingnosing∣e↑hough↑.ⅢThe「e

wi∣Iben○since『i↑γαsI○ngαs↑he「eα「ec○「「up↑ed ↑h○ugh↑s’wαnde「ing↑h○ugh↑s〃o「even↑he「ise○「α sing∣e↑h○ugh↑.Hisde↑ini↑i○nisiden↑icα∣↑○↑ho↑0↑

Bucldhism.TheSix↑hPα↑『iα「chHui﹣IVeng○ncesαid ll…﹛↑hepu「emind﹜con↑αinsn0↑hing↑he「e↑o「ecoIIec↑sn○dus↑llH○weve『〃pe○p∣eingene「○∣hαveo ∣○↑○↑wαnde「ing↑h○ugh↑s.Howcαnonebe「id0↑ ↑hesew0nde「ing↑h○ugh↑s?TheC○n↑uciαnαnswe「is

Ⅱ…↑○↑igh↑0gαins↑up「isingdesi『esαndαchievewis﹣

c∣○m.llThisp「oc↑icewαss↑「esseclin↑hee∣emen↑0「γ 3l

schooIo↑↑heC0n「ucionsYs↑em.8uddhαsαidsev﹣

enngαlldesi「esis↑os↑opαIIw0mesαnd↑「oubIes. TheCon↑uciαnEIemen↑α「YSch○olSYs↑em ln↑hepαs↑’↑heChineseeIemen↑o「YschooIs↑u-

den↑swe「eweII↑「αined↑oguo「dαgαins↑↑heup「ising

○「desi「es.Schoo∣semphαsized↑「αiningins↑uden↑!s c0ncen↑「o↑ionαndwisdom‧S↑uden↑ss↑α「↑edscho○I

α↑↑heαge0fseven.TheYs↑oγedwi↑h↑hei『↑eαche「s αnd○nIYwen↑h○medunnghoIidαYs.Theγwe「e

↑ough↑↑hec○nec↑wαγ↑○in↑e「0c↑wi↑heve『VdαYli↑e αnd↑hep「ope「m0nne「↑oα↑↑end↑○↑hei「↑eαche「s ○ndelde「sch00∣mo↑es.ThiswαscαlIed↑heeduc0﹣

↑i○no↑mo「○∣pⅡncip∣esbosed0nhum○n「e∣α↑i○n﹣

shIps.When↑hechiId「enwen↑h0me’↑heYw○u∣d ↑hen↑「eα↑↑hei「p○「en↑sondsib∣ingswi↑h「i∣io∣pie↑Y αnd「espec↑.

F『○m↑heαges○fseven↑o↑we∣ve〃s↑uden↑swe「e

「eαui「ed↑○mem0「izeαnd「eci↑e↑∣uen↑∣γ↑heαncien↑ ↑ex↑s.The↑e0che「w○uld↑i「s↑selec↑m0↑e「iαIswhich

c○n↑○ined↑hep「○↑○undwisd○m○fs0gesonds○in↑s αnd↑henenc○u「αged↑hes↑uden↑s↑o「eodond「e﹣ ci↑e↑hem0↑e「i0∣up↑o○ne○「↑w○hund「ed↑imesα

d0γ.Chi∣d「enwou∣dhαvesc0↑↑e「ed↑hough↑si「↑heγ

we「en○↑αssignedonγ↑○sks↑○d0‧Thepu「p○se○↑ 32

「eci↑ingwαs↑○「○cus↑hei「mindso↑hα↑↑heYwould even↑uαI∣γ○b↑αin0pu「emindconcen↑「0↑i○nαnd wisd○m;even↑h0ugh〃↑heγmαγn0↑hαveunde「﹂ s↑○○d↑hemeonings‧H○weve「’↑hecu「「en↑educα﹣

↑i○nαIsγs↑em’inexis↑encesince↑heRevo∣u↑ion○↑ 】9ⅢeIimin○↑ed↑his↑w○↑h○usαnd-Yeα「﹣oId↑「αdi↑i0n

αndαd○p↑ed↑hewes↑e「neducα↑i0n0IsYs↑em.This ch•nge’uponcl•seex•mino•i0nIe0ds•ne•••he 「○o↑○fmode「nChinαlss0ciαIp「obIems.

TheCon↑uciαnT0iScho0∣Sγs↑em

A↑↑heαge○f↑hi「↑een〃chiId『enwe『esen↑↑oTαi scho0l’αs↑he「ewe『en0】unio『0「highsch○○∣sinαncien↑ChinαTαisch0○lemphαsized↑heαnα∣γsisαnd discussion0「↑hemα↑e「iαIss↑uden↑shαdαI「eodγ memo「izedine∣emen↑α『Vscho0I.The↑eαche「swe「e expe「↑sin↑hei「↑ie∣dsαndwouldc0ncen↑「α↑e○n↑hα↑ fie∣d↑h「ough0u↑↑hei「en↑i「ecα『ee「.Eαcho「↑hem ↑αugh↑○smα∣Iclαsswi↑h↑en↑o↑wen↑γs↑uden↑sαnd

↑he∣ec↑u「eswe「en○↑necessα「iIγgivenin↑heclαss﹣ 「○○mwi↑h↑ex↑books‧Du「ing↑hα↑pe『iodα∣l↑he↑ex↑b○○kswe「ep『in↑edin↑heunive「sαIf○「mα↑:↑wen↑γ

w0「clspe「c0∣umnoncl↑encoIumnspe「pαge〃wi↑h n0spαceinbe↑ween.The↑0「mα↑wαss↑αndα「df○「

↑heen↑i「ec○un↑『Y「egα「dIesso「↑hepublishe「.B○↑h

33

↑eoche「○nds↑uden↑smem○「ized↑he↑ex↑b○○kss○

we∣I↑h○↑↑heγevenknewexαc↑Iγwhe「e↑hes↑udY

mα↑e「iαlswe「e∣0cα↑edSinceeve「Y↑hinghαdbeen mem○「izede○「∣ie「’↑he「ewαsn○need「○「bo0ks○「↑e『

eIemen↑α「γsch○○∣.

Teαche「s○↑↑en↑o○k↑hei「s↑uden↑s○n↑ieId↑「ips↑○ b「○oden↑hei「kn0wIedge○ndexpe『ience.As↑heγ

↑『oveIedknowIedgewαsimpo「↑ecl↑○↑hemα∣○ng ↑hewαγ.Thus〃↑he↑「ipswe「ewi↑h○u↑↑ex↑b○○ks○「「e﹣

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○nesh○uldno↑Iudge↑hingsbγ↑hei「oppeo『αnce’ 34

bu↑kn○wαndunde「s↑○ndh○weven↑scαmeob○ut

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Since「i↑γ○nclp「○pe「↑h○ugh↑sαndviewp○in↑sα「e↑he 35

bαsis↑o「↑『αining↑hemindApe「s○nwi↑hαpu「e mindondb○dγwi∣ln○↑becomeil∣.Wesu↑↑e「↑「om

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p○「↑○n↑i↑is↑○be「『ee○「w0「「iesαndα↑↑αchmen↑s.

Eve『YBuclclhis↑sh○uIdmαin↑αinopu「emindond 36

b○dγα↑αIl↑imes’↑「eα↑ingeve『Yoneαndeve「Y↑hing wi↑hequα∣i↑γαndc○mp○su「e.○n∣γ↑henw○u∣d↑he ↑αmi∣γbeinhα「m○nγ’↑hes○cie↑γinuni↑Yαnd↑he w0『∣dα↑peoce’I﹨l○l○nge「w○uIdwehovefeuds〃

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「esen↑edbγ↑ou「8○dhisα↑↑vαsinBuddhism.DiTsαng Wαng﹙Eα「↑hS↑○「e∕K「is↑ighα「bα）Bodhis○↑↑vα「ep「e﹣ sen↑s「iIiα∣pie↑γαnd↑he「ef○「e↑he DiTsαnαSu↑「α knownαs↑he FiIiαlPie↑vSu↑「α

Thisisbecαuse i•

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wi↑hou↑which○newi∣∣neve『bec○meen∣igh↑ened.

37

Is

GuonYinB○dhis○↑↑v○sYmb○∣izesc○mpαssi○n

○nd「ep「esen↑skindnessαnd∣ove.WenShuShiLi

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↑iceincIuding↑i∣iα∣pie↑γ〃c○mpαssi○n0ndwisdom.

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↑eochingme↑h○ds‧Thα↑wos↑「uIγoc○incidence ○ndαsiss○idinChinese’llHe「○eSw○ulclhovesimilo「 viewsllo「sαidin↑heWes↑’llG「eα↑minds↑hinkαIikelI.

38

CHAPTERSlX

THE8UDDHAlSTEACHINGSAREF•REVERY•NE

Recen↑IYαs↑uden↑c○me『omeαndαskedh○w

↑○p「αc↑iceBuddhism.Theonswe「is↑heF○u「Unive「SαlV○wS○「BuddhαsαndB○dhisα↑↑vαs;

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Wαγs↑○p「αc↑iceα「eb○undIess／ lv○w↑○mαs↑e「↑hemα∣∣;

En∣igh↑enmen↑isunsu「pαssαb∣e〃 ∣v○w↑○α↑↑αini↑.

T○he∣p○↑he「sis↑○d○○u「bes↑inαssis↑ing↑hem ↑○b「e○k↑h「○ughdelusi○nαndbec○meαwαkened

↑hen↑heγwiIlbeαb∣e↑○α↑↑αin↑「uehαppinessαnd

∣eαvesuf「e「ingbehindIn○「de「↑○heIpα∣lbeings escαpe「「omsu↑↑e『ing○nesh0uldbeαg○○dcuI↑iv○﹣ ↑○『’excellinginm○「0lαndαcαdemicαchievemen↑s.

Acu∣↑iv○↑○「cαn∣e○「nbγuph0lding↑hep『ecep↑s↑○

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↑h○ugh↑s.8ef○「ec○mp「ehensiveIe○「ninghoweve「〃

39

i↑isnecessα「Y↑0cuI↑ivα↑eg0odvi「↑uebYending○u「

αff∣ic↑ionsincIudingg「eedαnge「〃ign○「αnceαnd

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αndc0mpossi○n0↑emindαndn○↑↑「omknowledge

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edgegαinedleods↑○devio↑edviews.The「e↑○「e〃↑he ↑i「s↑p「i○「i↑Yinp「αc↑icingBuddhismis↑0pu『i↑Y0u「 mindαndcu↑o↑↑oI∣α↑↑ochmen↑s↑○e仃one○uswαYs.

Wi↑h↑hepu「emindwecαn↑hen「e↑Iec↑eve「Y↑hing

cIeαⅡγαndkn0w0II〃↑husα↑↑○ining↑「uewisd○mαnd en|igh•enmen•.

Buddhismis↑○「eve『V0ne’「ego『d∣esso↑gende「〃

αge〃○ccup○↑ionno↑ionα∣i↑Y○「「eIigi○n.Eve「Y0ne cαn∣eα「nαndp『0c↑iceBuddhism’「○「i↑is↑he↑eoch-

ing○↑uI↑imα↑e〃pe「fec↑wisd○m‧『he「eisαneed↑o「 Buddhds↑eαchingino∣Ipα『↑s0↑↑hew○ndH0weve「〃

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mo】○「0bs↑αcIesinleo「ning0ndp「0c↑icingBuddhism.

Wi↑h○u↑opu「emind↑he「eisn○wαγ↑○↑「ulγunde「﹂ s↑αnd8uddhds↑e○chingsond↑○「e0∣ize↑hecouses

○「αIl↑hep「○bIemsin↑hisw○『∣dMe0nwhi∣e’wi↑h○u↑ vi「↑ue○「men↑s0ndg○○dc0usesondcondi↑i○ns’ ￠0

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41

CHAP「ERSEVEN THEKEYT•THEGREATESTTREASURE

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↑「oswe「ein↑hisc∣αssicαllαnguαge.AIongwi↑h↑he

43

pu「e’n○n﹣disc「imin0↑ingαndc○mp0ssi○n0↑emind wecon↑husun∣○ck○u「uI↑imα↑ewisd0m.

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Elemen↑α『YSch○○Iis↑heFoundα↑ion○「H0ppiness

44

〔○diesαndgen↑∣emen’po「en↑sαnds↑uden↑s’

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spec↑↑oγ○u.Iwishα∣Io「γ0uinne「peαceαndhαppiness.Mαγeve『Y○nehαveg「e○↑heα∣↑hαndp「0s﹣ pe「i↑γ!

45

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ⅢT○UNDERSTANDBUDDHISMⅢ EXCERPTSFR•MTHETALKINAUSTRAL|A

」ANUARY〃I9％

CHAPTER•NE

AVIRTU○USANDPE尺FECTEDUCATI○N

Tod○γ〃weseeoninc『eαsingnumbe「○「peop∣e α「○und↑hewo「Ids↑o「↑ing↑○p「αc↑iceBuddhism.

H○weve「〃n○↑mαnγpeop∣e↑「u∣γunde『s↑○ndwhα↑ Buddhismis.「he「e↑o「e〃↑hisbecomes○ve「γimpo「-

↑αn↑↑opic‧Who↑exoc↑∣γisBuddhism?Weneed↑0 unde「s↑ondi↑cleα『∣γ‧Buddhismisαm○s↑vi「↑uous

αndpe「↑ec↑educ0↑i○ndi「ec↑edbγ↑heBuddh○↑○wα「dsol∣sen↑ien↑beingsin↑henine「eαIms.H○wcαn we↑e∣∣↑h0↑Buddhismisoneducα↑i○n3「i「s↑〃wecon

↑elI↑「0m↑hewoγwecαllBuddhαShαkγαmuniou「

∣l○「iginα∣Teoche「II↑hα↑heis↑he「ounde「o↑Buclclhism ond↑hα↑weα「ehiss↑uden↑s.F『om↑his〃i↑isve「Vαp-

po「en↑↑hα↑↑heBuddhααndweshα「eα↑eαche「﹣ s↑uden↑「elα↑i○nship.「hisis○n∣γ↑○undineducα↑ion‧ I↑Buddhismishis↑eαchingwh○↑henis↑heBuddho?BuddhαisαSαnsk「i↑w○「dmeαningwisdom

αndenligh↑enmentHoweve「／↑hiswisd○misno↑↑he

w○「Id∣γwisd○mwe↑hinkof↑odαγ‧B「oαd∣γspeoking ↑heBuddh0Iswisdomis↑heαbi∣i↑γ↑○ul↑imα↑e∣γ’pe「19

fec↑lγαndc○「「ec↑∣γc0mP「ehend↑he↑「ue「eα∣i↑Y○「 ∣i「eαnd↑heunive「sein↑hepαs↑〃P「esen↑αnd「u↑u「e‧ ○newh○hospe「ceived↑hiswisd○miscα∣∣edαBud-

dhα.BuddhαShαkγαmuni↑○∣dus↑hα↑o∣lsen↑ien↑ beings’inc∣uding○u「se∣ves〃p○ssess↑hisinnα↑ewis-

d○mαnd0biIi↑γ.ThusBuddhiSm「eg0「dSα∣∣beings eαuαI∣γ.AI↑houghweα「eequ○∣in○「iginp「esen↑∣γ wecαnn○↑see↑hisbec○useeve「Y0nelswisd0mαnd αbili↑ieSdi「↑e「.

∣n○u「s○cie↑Y’↑he「e○『e↑h○sewh○o「ein↑e∣ligen↑ αnd↑hosewhOo「en○↑〃↑h○sewi↑hg「eα↑0bili↑γ0nd ↑hosewi↑hless.H○wdo↑hese↑hingsc○meαbou↑?

TheBuddh○↑○Idus↑hα↑↑heγα「edue↑○ou「vo「Ving deg「ees○fdeIusion.○u「innα↑eWisd○mαnd0bi∣i↑ies

α『e↑emp○「α「i∣γIos↑due↑○↑hisdelusionbu↑o「en○↑

↑「uIγ○「pe「mαnen↑∣γIos↑.Ifwecαnb「eαk↑h「○ugh ↑hisde∣usi0n↑henwewi∣Ibeob∣e↑○「ec○ve「↑hese

αbi∣i↑ies.The「ef○「e〃↑heBuddh○Is↑eαchingssh○wus h0w↑0「id○u「selves○「delusi○nαnd↑ounc○ve「○u「 innα↑eobiIi↑ies‧

l↑is0↑↑ens↑o↑edinM○hαγαnαsu↑「αs↑hα↑↑he

Buddhαdidn○↑di「ec↑IγheIpsen↑ien↑beings.Then howdosen↑ien↑beingsbecomeBuddhαs2Bγ↑hem﹣ se∣ves.TheBuddhα○n∣γossis↑s「「om↑hesidebγex-

ploining↑he↑「ue『eαIi↑Yofh0wwedeIude○u「selves.

A↑↑e「「eαIizing↑his’wediIigen↑∣γpu↑his↑eαchingsin↑○ 50

p「αc↑ice↑○○↑↑αinen∣igh↑enmen↑of↑『ue『eoIi↑Y.We ↑henbec○meBuddhαs.BuddhαShokγ0municIe0「lγ

explαined↑hα↑bec○mingαBuddhαis0↑↑αin0b∣ebY α∣∣sen↑ien↑beings.

F「○m↑his’wecαnsee↑ho↑8uddhismiso↑eoch-

ing.H○weve「’o↑eoche「cαnonIγeduco↑eusαb○u↑ ↑hep「incip∣es〃↑e∣Iuso↑his∕he『expe「iencesinp「○c﹣ ↑iceαndα↑↑oinmen↑〃αndsugges↑vα「i○usme↑h○ds f○「○u「o↑↑αinmen↑.The「es↑u∣↑imα↑eIγdepenc∣sup○n us.Weo「e↑he○neswh○need↑obeen↑husi○s↑ic

αndcli∣igen↑ino「de「↑○o↑↑αinαchievemen↑.○nce weunde「s↑αnd↑hα↑Buddhismisoneducα↑i○nwe

wiII∣0gicα∣lγ「ego「d↑heBuddhαos○u『↑eαche「.

F「0m↑his’weunde「s↑ond↑hα↑inp「ope「WoγPIoces’

wed0n○↑「eg○「d↑heBuddho0「Bodhiso↑↑v0imoges

αsgods↑○bew○「shipped.Wemoke0f↑e「ings↑○ ↑heseimoges↑○『↑w0「e0sons.Fi「s↑’↑o「emembe「αnd 「epαγ○u「g『○↑i↑ude↑○「↑his↑「u∣γg「eo↑educo↑i○n〃 whichweh0ves○↑o「↑uno↑e∣γenc○un↑e「edαndαc﹣ cep•edin•hisIi•e•ime·

The○peningve「se↑○su↑「ossoγsi↑ve「Ywe∣l;MI↑is ex↑「eme∣γdi↑「icu∣↑↑0enc○un↑e『↑his↑eochinginin「i﹣

ni↑ee○ns.llThedeb↑○↑g「o↑i↑udeweowe↑heBud﹣ dh0issimi∣0「↑o↑he「ememb「αnce’whichsomeChi﹣ nesehove↑0wo「d↑hei「αnces↑0「s‧We『ef∣ec↑0nou「

0『igins↑o「wi↑h0u↑↑hese0nces↑○「swew○u∣dn○↑exis↑.

5l

Thesec○nd「eαs○nwemαke○ffe「ings↑○↑heBuddhα is↑0↑○∣∣○w↑heexαmp∣es○f↑hevi「↑u○us.8uddho

Shαkγαmuniwos0n○「dinα『Ype「son∣ikeus;γe↑／he w○sαb∣e↑○beαwαkenedαndbecomeαBuddhα

Whα↑is↑he「e↑0s↑○pusf「omαchieving↑hisαsweI∣2 The「ef○「e’↑hepic↑u「es○「s↑α↑ues0「↑heBuddhαseⅣe

↑○「eminc∣useve『Vmomen↑↑○αdvαncediIigen↑∣γ ↑○wα「ds↑hisgool.Theimαgesα「en○↑↑0be「e﹣

gα「clecl○sgods○「obIec↑so「supe「s↑i↑i○n.

InBuddhis↑WαγP∣αces’↑heimαges○↑Buddhαs αndB○dhiSα↑↑vαshαvemonγ0ppeα「αnces.Thishos 0f↑en∣ed↑o↑hemisc○ncep↑i○n↑hα↑no↑○n∣γisBud﹣

dhismα「e∣igionbu↑one↑hα↑w○「shipsmu∣↑i-dei↑ieso5 we∣∣‧IndeedBuddhαsαndB○dhisα↑↑vαshαvemαnγ

nαmes.F0「exαmp∣e〃in↑heT「ipi↑○kα↑he「eis↑heTen Thousαnd﹣8uddhα卜lαmesSu↑「αwhichgivesus○ve「 ↑we∣ve↑housαnd8uddhαlsnαmesαndevenmo「e

nαmes「○「8○dhisα↑↑vos.Whγα「e↑he「esomαnγ

8uddhαsondB○dhisα↑↑vαs3Wi↑hinou「○「iginαInα↑u「e↑he「eexis↑sin「ini↑ewisd○m’vi『↑u○usαndα「↑is-

↑icαbi∣i↑ies↑hα↑c○nn○↑bec0mple↑e∣γ「ep「esen↑ed

bγme「elγ○nenαme.l↑issimilα「↑○αhigh∣γαccomp∣ishedpe『s○nin0p「○minen↑p○si↑i○n;his○「he『 businessco「dc○u∣dhαvenume「ous↑i↑∣es.

Thenαmeso↑↑heBuddhαs『ep「esen↑↑hec○m﹣

p∣e↑e’innα↑eondvi『↑u○usαbi∣i↑ieswi↑hin○u「se∣「﹣ 52

nα↑u「e’A∣∣↑heB○dhisα↑↑vαnαmes「ep「esen↑cu∣↑ivα-

↑iono↑di↑「e「en↑vi「↑ues‧The○nginα∣αbili↑ieswi↑hinou「 se∣↑-nα↑u「eα「einfini↑e〃bu↑↑emp○「α「iIγ∣os↑.Wi↑h○u↑ genuinecu∣↑ivα↑ionwewiIln○↑beαb∣e↑○uncove『 αnγof↑hem.AII↑heBuddh○αndB○dhisα↑↑v○nαmes α「enone○↑he「↑hαn0u「se∣ves‧○nceweunde「s↑αnd

↑his’wewi∣∣「eα∣ize↑hα↑○highIeve∣○↑α「↑is↑「Y「ep「esen↑s↑hes↑γ∣es○↑↑heBuddhαIs↑eαchings‧F○「exαmp∣e〃scu∣p↑u「esαndpic↑u「esc○nexp「ess↑he

Dho「m○.Unde「s↑αnding↑he↑「uemeαning0f↑hese

imαgeswi∣∣he∣pus↑○gαin↑he↑「uebene↑i↑s○f↑he Buddhols↑eαchings.

∣↑Buddhismisn○↑α「e∣igion〃whγisi↑n0↑↑hen○ phi∣os○phγ2∣nphi∣os○phγ’↑he「eisb○↑hosublec↑ αndαnob】ec↑.∣nMαhαγαnoBuddhism’↑he「eisn○

dif↑e「encebe↑weensublec↑αndob】ec↑;↑heγ0「e

○ne‧Thismeαningisve『γp「0↑○unclαnclclifficu∣↑↑○ unde「s↑ondFo「exαmple’○g「eα↑mαs↑e「SαidllU↑il-

izingg0ld↑○「○「mu↑ensi∣s／α∣∣u↑ensi∣so「e○「g○ldⅡ

A「e↑hego∣dond↑heu↑ensil↑hesαme↑hing○「di「↑e「en↑?F『○m↑hei「○ppeα「αnces↑heγI0ok∣ike↑w○cliffe『en↑↑hings.H○weve『’↑「○m↑hei「comp○si↑i○nwe

「eαIize↑ho↑↑heγo「e↑hesαme.

Weneeclop「○f0undin↑ui↑ivecomp「ehensi○n↑o ↑「u∣γunde「s↑αnd↑he『eαli↑γofIi↑eond↑heunive「se.

Al∣of↑helⅥαhoγonαSu↑「αs↑『Y↑oexplαin↑hiScon53

cep↑0nd↑「u↑h.WewiIIshα「e↑hesαmeviewpoin↑s wi↑h↑heBuddhαwhenwe↑「ulγunde「s↑ondαnd

cIeα『lγ「ec0gnize↑his↑「u↑h.○「dinα『Ype○pIe’∣ikewe α「edeIudedInwho↑wαY?8ecαuseweseeeve『Y﹣

↑hingin○pp○si↑i○n↑o↑he○↑he「’no↑kn○wing↑hα↑in 「eαli↑Yeve『Y↑hingisαc↑uα∣lγ○ne○ndno↑↑w0.

54

CHAPTERTW•

THEG•Al•FTHEBUDDHAiSTEACHlNG

F「om↑hein↑nnsicnα↑u「eo↑Buddhism’wep「○-

ceed↑○↑heg0αl○f↑he8uddhαls↑eαchings.『his

goαIis↑○b『eαk↑h「○ughdelusi○nαndαchieveenIigh↑enmen↑.TheBuddhαp0in↑ed0u↑↑○uswhγwe

α「eIeodingIives○fsuffenngαndwhY↑hesix「eαlms ○↑「eincα『nα↑ionexis↑.I↑iss○〃becαuse↑hewisd○m

αndvi「↑uousαbi∣i↑iesin○u「ongin○Inα↑u「ehoveYe↑↑○ beuncove「edThus〃α∣Iou「viewp○in↑sαndwαYs○「

in↑e「αc↑ingwi↑hIi↑eαnd↑heunive「seα「eincoITec↑.

Thee「「one0usαc↑sc○mmi↑↑eddue↑○↑heseinc○「﹣

「ec↑viewpoin↑sαndwαγshαve「esuI↑edin↑hesu↑「e「﹣ ingo↑「eincα「nα↑ionwi↑hin↑hesix「eα∣ms.

Theg0α∣0↑↑heBuddhαls↑eochingsis↑○heIp

αnd↑○guideusb「eαk↑h「0ugh○u「de∣usion↑○be αwαkenedαnd↑0escαpe↑hissu↑↑e「ingαnd○b↑αiP hαppiness.Whα↑d○weseekinBuddhism?Weseek

Annu↑↑α『α﹣Sαmγαk-Sαmb0dhi〃↑hePe「fec↑C0mpIe↑e En∣igh↑enmen↑.『heBuddhα↑eαchesαndhopes↑hα↑ αII○↑uswiIIα↑↑○in↑hisuI↑imα↑eenIigh↑enmen↑’in ○↑he「wo「ds’wi∣lbec○meαBuddhα

ThePe『fec↑C0mpIe↑eEnIigh↑enmen↑cαnbeex﹣ pIαinedαs↑h「eeleve∣s:A「hα↑s’Bodhisα↑↑vαsαnd

Buddhαs.「he↑i『s↑isⅡP「○pe「En／igh↑enmen↑∕IIn0u「 55

w○「ld↑he「eα「esomeve『Vin↑e∣Iigen↑αndwisepeo-

p∣e’suchαsscien↑is↑s〃phi∣0S○Phe「sαnd『eIigi0us ∣eαc】e「s.「heγhove「eαchedhighe「「eoIizα↑i○n↑hαn mos↑pe○p∣ehove‧H○weve「’o∣↑hough↑heγm0γ hove「eochedoce『↑αinIeveIo↑「e0liz○↑ion↑heBud﹣

dhow○u∣dno↑「ecognize↑hei「kn○w∣edgeαs↑he

p『ope「en∣igh↑enmen↑’becouse↑heγhαven○↑sev﹣ e「ed↑hei「○↑↑∣ic↑i○ns.Theγs↑i∣Idwe∣l○n↑he「igh↑sαnd

w「○ngso↑○↑he「s〃○ng「eedαnge「〃ign0「○nce0nd

α「「○gαnce.Theγs↑i∣lh○「b○「wonde『ingdiscnminα↑o「γ↑h○ugh↑sαndα↑↑αchmen↑s.In○↑he「w○『ds’↑hei「 minds0「en○↑pu『e.Wi↑hou↑↑hepu「emindn0mo↑﹣

↑e「howhigh↑helevel○↑「eo∣izo↑i○n○ne「eαches’i↑is s↑i∣∣n○↑↑hep「ope「enligh↑enmen↑.

∣nBucldhism’↑hes↑0nd0「d↑0『p「○pe「enIigh↑enmen↑is↑hepu「emind↑「○mwhichwisd○mα「ises.I↑is ↑hewisho↑αI∣Buddhos↑h0↑weo↑↑oin↑hisp『ope「en-

∣igh↑enmen↑.Thisis↑he∣eveI○「deg『eeo「onA「ho↑

αndissimi∣α「↑○○↑↑ending○unive「si↑γ↑○eα『n0nunde「g『oduα↑edeg「ee.『he「e↑○『e’A「h0↑’B○dhiso↑↑vα 0ndBuddh○o「e↑i↑∣essimi∣○「↑○deg「ees○↑enIigh↑﹣ enmen↑○↑↑○inedinBuddhism.『hosewh○ochieve

p「ope「en∣igh↑enmen↑α「ec0IIedA「hα↑s.A「ho↑sd○

no↑h0veil∣us0「γ○「misIeαding↑h○ugh↑Sondviewp○in↑s.Theγd○no↑dwe∣I0n↑he「igh↑sondw「○ngs○↑ o↑he「s’0「○n↑hough↑s○fg「eed0nge「／ign○「αnceo『 56

α「「○g○nce.

F「om↑his〃wecαnc○mp『ehendin↑ui↑iveIγ↑he dif↑e「encebe↑weenBuddhismαndw○『Idlγeducα﹣

↑ion.F「○m↑heBuddhαwe∣e○「n↑he↑「ue↑eαchings

αndp「○pe「en∣igh↑enmen↑.○n∣γwi↑h↑hisp「○pe「en-

Iigh↑enmen↑conweescopeα∣lsuf↑e「ings↑○ob↑○in ↑「uehαppiness‧Ashumαnbeings〃weunde「g○↑he

su什e「ings○fbi「↑h○Iclogasickness○ndcleα↑hWe dono↑α↑↑oinwhα↑weseek〃o「epα「↑eclwi↑h○u「

l○ved○nesαndfindou「se∣vesin↑hep「esence○↑ ↑h○sewhomwe「esen↑o「evenh0↑e.Weα「esu「﹣

「○undedbγ○∣∣↑hesesu↑↑e「ingswi↑hnoαppo「en↑wαγ

0↑being↑「u∣γ↑『ee‧○n∣γof↑e「Ieα「ning8uclclhismwi∣∣ webe0ble↑o「e○chgenuine∣ibe「○↑i○n.

TheE∣owe「Ac∣o「nmen↑Su↑「αexp∣αins↑○us〃llA∣∣

sen↑ien↑beingspossess↑hesαmewisd○mαndvi「↑u﹣

○uscαpαbi∣i↑iesαs↑heBuddhαbu↑↑heseclu○∣i↑ies α「eunα↑↑αinαbIedue↑owonde「ing↑h○ugh↑sαnd

α↑↑αchmen↑s.ⅡThiscleαⅡγexp∣αins↑he「o○↑cαuseo↑

○u「p「ob∣ems‧P「αc↑icingBuddhismis↑0αcc○「dwi↑h ↑he↑eαchings○↑↑he8uddhα↑o「icluso↑wαnde「ing disc『iminα↑ing↑h○ugh↑sαndα↑↑○chmen↑s.Thus〃we

uncove「○u「pu「emindin↑u「ngiving『ise↑o↑「uewisdom〃whichisp『○pe『en∣igh↑enmen↑.The「e↑○「e’ BuddhαsαndB○dhisα↑↑vosw○u∣dn○↑「ec○gnize↑he

In↑e∣∣igen↑αndwo「∣d∣γwisdom’osi↑∣αcks↑hepu「e 57

mind↑hep「ope「enligh↑enmen↑.Uponα什αining p「○pe「enIigh↑enmen↑〃wehαve↑heαbiIi↑Y↑o↑「αn﹣ scend↑heendIesscγcIeso↑bi「↑hαnddeα↑h’no↑↑o

men↑i○n↑heαbili↑Y↑○so∣veeve「Ydαγp「○bIems.

Whe↑he『↑α∣kingob○u↑↑heBuddhαlseducα↑ion ○「w○Ⅱd∣γeducα↑ioni↑isessen↑ioI↑○unde「s↑αnd↑he

c○ncep↑○↑deIvingdeepIγin↑0oneme↑hodino「de「

↑○○↑↑oinαchievemen↑.ThisisespeciαI∣Ys0inBud﹣

dhism.○newh○↑「u∣γwishes↑○leo「ne↑fec↑iveIγ needs↑○↑○lI○w○nIγone↑eαche「αndp「αc↑ice0nlγ onepα↑h↑○ensu「e○sm○○↑h】ou『neγ.When「olIow﹣

ing↑w○↑eαche「swi↑h↑wodi↑fe「en↑pα↑hs’weα「e

b○und↑○bec○mecon「usedαs↑○whichpα↑h↑o ↑αke.Evenwo「se〃↑○Il○wing↑h「ee↑e0che「scα↑ches

uso↑○Ts↑「ee↑.Wi↑hf○u「↑eαche「s’weα「ecαugh↑α↑ αc「○sss↑『ee↑.T0doγIsγoungpe○pleIike↑○Ieα「nα

∣o↑〃bu↑fαiI↑○o↑↑○in○g0○d「esu∣↑‧Thep「oblem∣ies wi↑hbeingcαugh↑0↑↑hosec「osss↑『ee↑s’confusedαs ↑owhichwoγ↑o↑αke‧T○succeedαndα↑↑αin

○chievemen↑inp「αc↑icingBuddhism’weneed↑o f○∣low】us↑0ne↑eαche「αndconcen↑「o↑e○n】us↑0ne me•h•d.

Wh0↑is↑hisαchievemen↑?T「ueαchievemen↑is

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↑husαninc「eosein↑「uewisdom’enαbIingus↑osoIve 58

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↑○soIvesocie↑γlsp「○b∣ems.

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αs↑αndα「d↑○↑hep「ope「enligh↑enmen↑.

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○ne∣eveI○b○ve↑hep「○pe「enIigh↑enmen↑is↑he 』∣Equα／ondP「○pe「En／igh↑enmen↑.”Equo∣meαns

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p「0pe「en∣igh↑enmen↑wou∣dbecαl∣edαB0dhis○↑↑Vα

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αMos↑e『sDeg「ee.P「esen↑lγ’peop∣ehαvemisc○n-

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s↑ond↑hα↑↑hese↑i↑∣es「e↑e「↑○αnγbeingwh○p○s﹣ sesses↑h○sechα「αc↑e「is↑ics.Buddhα○「B○dhisα↑↑vα

whenodded↑○αnαmeissimpIγ「e「e「「ing↑○αspeciαl↑γ.

F「○m↑hein↑「insicnα↑u「eo↑Buddhism〃we「eαlize

↑hα↑0u「pu「p○se○↑p「αc↑iceis↑oseekwisd○m.ln

Zen〃↑hisg○α∣iscαIIedMInpu「sui↑○↑clα「i↑γo↑mind↑○ seein↑0onelsself-nα↑u「e.llIno↑he「w○「ds∣lC○mp∣e↑e

En∣igh↑enmen↑‧llIn↑hePu「e【αndSch○oI’↑hisis cαlledⅢ○neMindUndis↑u「bedllThePu「eLαnd

Scho0∣isuniαuein↑hα↑n0↑on∣γd○weseek↑○hαve ○neMindUndis↑u「bedbu↑o∣s○seekbi「↑hin↑○↑he

Wes↑e『nPu「eLαnd.Thisisun∣ikeo↑he「sch○o∣s〃which

「eIγ0n○neis0wns↑「eng↑ho↑cu∣↑ivα↑ioninseeking so∣e∣γoneg○α∣.ThePu「e〔ondme↑h○clhαs↑w○ goα∣s↑ho↑conbe0chievedin○ne∣i「e↑ime. ○newhoisve「γ↑αmiIiα「wi↑h↑heIn「ini↑eLifeSu↑「α αnclunde「s↑○odi↑s↑eαchingswou∣dbef「eeo↑ doub↑‧Thefu∣l↑i↑∣eo↑↑hissu↑「α『eveαls↑heg○α∣so「 ○u「p「αc↑ice: 「heBuddhαSDeαks○f↑he∣n「ini↑eLi↑e Su↑「αo「Ado「nmentPu「i↑v’Eαuo∣i↑v○nd En∣iαh↑en

••••

men↑○↑↑heⅢαhαvαnαSchooI. ∣n「ini↑e∣i「e0nd

αdo「nmen↑○「ewhα↑Pu「eLαndp「αc↑i↑i○ne『sseek. ／n肋〃e／／fe『e「e「s↑o↑heme「i↑sαndvi「↑ues○↑○nels

pe「fec↑se∣f﹣nα↑u「e.Ad○「nmen↑「e↑e「s↑○pe「↑ec↑ comple↑ewisd0mwi↑hg「eα↑eαse○nd「u∣「i∣lment 6l

Pu〃加e。uo／i↑Yαndenligh↑enmen↑α「e↑heme↑hods’

↑he↑h「eew0γso「p「oc↑ice‧Up○nα↑↑αiningαnYone〃 αII↑h「eeα「eα↑↑αined○「α∣∣↑heschooIso↑8ud-

dhism’n○nesu「p0ss↑hese↑h「eew0γs○↑p「0c↑ice.

TheZenScho○∣uses↑he○wαkeningpα↑h↑○ 「eαch↑heg「eo↑en∣igh↑enmen↑0ndα↑↑0in↑heclo『i↑Y ↑○seein↑○○nels↑「uenα↑u「e.Buddhis↑sch0○Is○↑he「

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hαndc○ncen↑「○↑es○n↑hepu「emind.Ape「s0nwi↑h

pu「i↑Y○fmindwi∣∣n○↑u「oIIγben○n﹣disc「imin0↑ing○nd αwαkenedAn○wokenedpe「s○nwiI∣nα↑u「αllγhαve ○pu「eαndn○n﹣disc『imin0↑ingmindThe「ou↑ech○﹣

senm0Ybedi「「e「en↑bu↑α∣∣「eαch↑hesαmegooI.In

Zenp「oc↑icei↑isexp『essed0sⅡ○b↑0iningcI○n↑V○「 mindαndseeingin↑o○nels↑「uen0↑u「e.Il Dif↑e「en↑sch0○Ismoγusedi↑↑e「en↑n○mesbu↑ ↑he「esu∣↑s○「↑he∣eveI○↑↑hes↑o↑e○「mindα「e↑he

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↑heseme↑h○dswe「epαssedd○wn↑○us↑『0mBud﹣ dh0Shαkγ0muni.Ch○○sing○nγpo↑hwillen0b∣euS

↑o○↑↑αin○chievemen↑.H○wcαnwesoγ↑hα↑○ne me↑h○disbe↑↑e「↑hαnαno↑he「?F「om○l∣↑hesedi什e『-

en•me•h•dsweIus•need••kn•wh•w••cho0se

6Z

↑he○neme↑h○d↑hα↑ism○s↑sui↑αb∣e「○「usαnd○u「 leve|.

Fi「s↑〃i↑↑heIevel○↑↑heme↑hodwech○sewe「e

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o「living.Thi「di↑needs↑○becompo↑ib∣ewi↑hm○d﹣ e「ns○cie↑γ’becαusewec○nno↑sepo「α↑e○u「selves

↑「○ms○cie↑γ○「o↑he「humαnbeings.The「e「○「e’we need↑oc○nside「↑hese↑αc↑○「swhench○○singou「 me•hod••cul•ivo•i•n·

Howeve「〃n○mα↑↑e「whichme↑h○d○nep「αc﹣

↑ices〃i↑isessen↑io∣↑obe「id○「se∣↑-viewp○in↑αndα↑﹣ ↑○chmen↑in○「de「↑0○b↑αin↑hebene↑i↑s↑「○mp「αc﹣ ↑ice‧○「else’∣ikesomαnγhoveexpe「ienced↑he

g「eα↑e「↑o「↑spu↑in↑0↑hep「αc↑icewi∣∣hαvebeenin vαin。S○mep「αc↑l↑i○ne「sh○ve↑el↑↑hα↑evenα↑↑e「 γeα「s0fp『αc↑ice↑heγhαveαchievedvi「↑uolIγn○↑hingeven↑○↑hep○in↑o↑fee∣ing↑ho↑↑heγwe「ebe↑↑e「 o↑↑be↑0「e↑heγp「αc↑icedI↑seemed○si↑↑hemo「e ↑heγp「○c↑iced↑hewo「se↑heγ↑eI↑.AI∣↑hisc○mes ↑「○mhαvingchosenome↑h○d↑hα↑wαsunsui↑αb∣e

「0「↑hem.ThisissimiIα『↑och○0singαnunsui↑αb∣e mαi0「inschoo∣.Whenwechoose○mα】o「↑hα↑isn0↑ sui↑ec∣↑○○u「↑○undo↑i○nαnclαbi∣i↑γ’wehαveαnex-

↑「eme∣γcli↑「icu∣↑↑ime↑「γing↑osucceedCho○sing 63

↑hengh↑m0l○「mαkess↑udγingmuche0sie「〃s○we wi∣∣hoveomuchbe↑↑e「chαnce○「success.The

sαme↑hingg○es↑o「p「○c↑icingBuddhism.∣↑wed○ n○↑kn○w○u「○wncαp0ci↑γ〃wec0n↑es↑○u「seIves.

LikemYseI「’↑○「exomp∣e‧A↑↑e「「e○dingmαnγ Mohoγ○nosu↑『0s’I↑h0ugh↑mγse∣↑incαpαb∣e○fαnγ

αchievemen↑.Iw○n↑edve「γmuch↑oseve『mγ w0nde「ingdisc「imin0↑ing↑h○ugh↑s0nd○↑↑och﹣ men↑s〃bu↑wosun○b∣e↑0Finα∣∣γ〃lch○se↑hePu「e Lαndme↑h○d↑○○↑↑αinochievemen↑.I↑d○esno↑「e﹣

clui「e○ne↑○bec0mp∣e↑e∣γ「iclo「bu↑「α↑he「↑○supp「ess↑hesehind「0nces.As∣○ngαsweα「eαb∣e↑○ supp「esso∣∣α↑f∣ic↑i○ns’wec○ns↑i∣∣bebo「nin↑○↑he

Wes↑e「nPu「e〔αndc0「『Vingove「0u「exis↑ingko「mα Thisme↑h○dsui↑smeve「Ywe∣∣αnd↑husishowl

ch○sei↑.P「evi○us∣γ’lhαcl↑「iedZen↑heTeoching SchooIs〃↑heEs○↑e「icSch○0lαnd↑hep「αc↑iceof↑o∣∣0wing↑hep「ecep↑s’bu↑c○uldn0↑「eαchochieve－ men↑wi↑h↑hem.Thus〃Icαmebαck↑o↑hePu「eLαnd

me↑h○d○ndwh○∣ehe0「↑ed∣γdeIveddeep∣γin↑o↑he Buddhol﹨∣omeChon↑ingⅢe↑hodwhi∣ec○ncen↑「o↑﹣

ings○∣e∣γ0nIec↑u『ing○n↑hePu「e【ondsu↑『αs.These α「emγexpe「iences↑「omdecαdes○↑p「oc↑ice.

64

CHAPTERTHREE

SYIB•LlSMANDTHEARTs

A「↑e「weunde「s↑αndcleαⅡγ↑heg0αI○「↑heBucl﹣

dhαls↑eαchings’wewilIview↑hesu↑「αsdi「「e「en↑Iγ. 「hesesu↑「αsα「e○ne○↑↑hew○Ⅱdlslα「ges↑∣i↑e「○「Y c○I∣ec↑ions.IbeIieve↑hα↑whenconsicle「ing↑he 「αngeofo∣Iαcαdemiαn○ne○↑↑hemsu「pαssBud﹣ dhism.『○0b↑○in↑hebene「i↑s↑「om↑hisvαs↑c○IIec-

↑ion’i↑isnecessoⅣ↑○「us↑○kn○wαndunde「s↑αnd↑he

essence○↑i↑sc○n↑en↑’whichis↑he↑『ue「eαli↑γo↑ol∣ Dho「mq↑he↑「ue「eα∣i↑γ0↑∣i「eαnd↑heunive「se.Life

「efe「s↑○○u「selves.Unive「se「e「e『s↑o↑heIivingenvi『○nmen↑↑hα↑su「「○undsus.I↑wouIdbeinco「「ec↑↑o

↑『eo↑Budclhismαsαnαbs↑「αc↑αndobscu「e∣eo「ning ↑hα↑hodno↑hing↑odowi↑h0u「dαi∣γ∣ives.EveⅣ

w0「clin↑hesu↑「αc∣ose∣γ「e∣α↑es↑○ou「doilγIiving Fu「↑he『m○「e’i↑isde↑ini↑e∣γn○↑supe「s↑i↑i○n.

H○wondwhe「edowes↑α「↑3F○「c○nvenience’

↑hepe「fec↑i0nin↑heme↑h○ds○↑↑heBuddhαls

↑eαchinguses○high∣eve∣○fc「e0↑ivi↑γ.8uddhism○f ↑w○↑housαnc∣γeα「sαg0hαdαI「eαdγ↑αkenαn○『↑is﹣ ↑icpα↑h.F○「ex○mple’○∣I↑he8uddh0Isnαmesαnd

scuIp↑u「es「ep「esen↑○u「vi『↑u○uSnα↑u「e’innα↑equα∣i↑ies○fwisd○m’vi「↑u○usαbi∣i↑iesond○「↑is↑ic↑0Ien↑s.

A∣∣○↑↑heB○dhiso↑↑vαlsnαmesαnd「○「ms「ep『esen↑ 65

ou「cul↑ivα↑i○no↑vi「↑ue.TheYins↑「uc↑ush○w↑○αpplγ

↑he↑e0chingsin○u「dαiIγ∣ives↑0b「ing○u↑○u「vi『↑u-

0uSnα↑u「es○wem○γ「eceiveBuddhismlsbenefi↑s.

InChineseM0hαγ○n○Buddhism〃↑ou「g「e0↑ B○dhiS0↑↑vαs「ep「esen↑ou「○「de『○fp「0c↑iceαnd ∣eve∣○「αchievemen↑.The↑i「s↑isE○「↑hS↑o「e80dhis○↑﹣

↑vαWhe↑he「weα「e↑hinking○↑w○「∣d∣γ↑eochings’ ↑hedhα「m0○「Buddhism;n○↑hingcαnbe0cc○m-

p∣ishedwi↑h○u↑↑hee○「↑h0「αp∣αce○↑exis↑ence. 「heexis↑ence○↑humαnsc0nn○↑besepo「o↑ed「「○m

○u「g『eα↑e0「↑hαswe「e∣γup○ni↑↑○「suⅣiv0l。 Whe↑he「f○「↑oodc∣○↑hing∣iving○「w○「kingo∣∣「eIγ on↑hep「○duc↑i○no↑↑he∣αnd↑hus↑hein「ini↑e↑「e○s﹣ u「es↑h○↑↑heg「eα↑eα「↑henc○mpαssesα「eseem-

ing∣γendleSs↑○「us↑○use.Thew0「dIleα「↑hlIi「】↑he nαmeEo「↑hS↑○「eB○dhiso↑↑v○『ep『esen↑s↑hemind αnd↑hew○「dⅢs↑o「ellmeαns↑「eαsu「e.

TheBuddhols↑eαchingsguideus↑0fi「s↑s↑α「↑↑he p「○c↑ice↑「○m○u『mindαs○u「↑『uenα↑u「eencom-

pαsses↑hein↑ini↑ewisd○mondvi「↑uous○bi∣i↑ies↑hα↑ α「enodi「fe「en↑↑「0m↑hose○↑Buddhαs○『8○dhi-

sα↑↑vαs.H○weve「〃↑○dαγi↑seems○si↑weh0veI○s↑ ○u「inno↑ewisdom○ndvi「↑u○usαbili↑ies.TheBuddho

↑○lclus↑ho↑oIl↑hesequ○∣i↑iesα『en○↑↑「ulγIos↑’】us↑n○↑

γe↑unc○ve「ed.ln↑hep「esen↑m○men↑〃weend∣ess∣γ imme「se○u「se∣vesinwαnde『ingdisc『iminα↑ing 66

↑hough↑sαndα↑↑αchmen↑s’whichhαve「esuI↑edin ↑his↑emp○「o『V∣○sso↑αbili↑ies.H○weve「’inside↑he ↑「uemindn○wαnde「ing↑h○ugh↑Sexis↑.I「αmindhos

wαndenng↑hough↑s↑hen↑hα↑mindisα↑α∣se○ne.

We○「iginα∣IYp○ssessed↑his↑「ueminds○p「αc↑icing Buddhismissimp∣γ「ec○venngi↑.The「ef○『e’0u「↑i「s↑ g○α∣inp『αc↑iceis↑○uncove「0ndI○○k↑○「↑he↑「eαsu「ein○u「mindIn○↑he『w○「ds’↑heBuddhαls

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pie↑Yis↑○becomeBuddhα.Webegin○u「p「αc↑ice 67

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68

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73

CHAPTERF•UR THEFIVEGU|DE<lI\lES•FPRACTICE

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becomeαg0odpe「son.Thec「i↑enα↑o「↑hisα『e:

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ingbeing0nd

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TheBuddho↑0ugh↑us↑○↑αke「e↑ugein↑heT「iple 76

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↑○αccep↑↑he8uddh○Is↑eochings.l↑isn○↑↑hα↑eosY

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pe「↑ec↑unde「s↑onding.A↑↑e「unde「s↑αndingwe g6

need↑○○cc○mp∣ish↑op「oc↑ice’↑oαppIγ8uddhis↑

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c∣0ilγ∣iving〔○s↑∣γ’↑heα↑↑αinmen↑is↑op「○vewi↑hin ○u「dαi∣γIives↑hα↑αII↑he↑eαchingsondunde「s↑αndingsα「eco「「ect

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I∣Thec○nsec「○﹣

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○u↑s↑onding↑eαchings0f↑heBuddhαll

98

CHAPTERFIVE

THEPURELANDSCH••<

T○dαγ〃αswep「αc↑ice↑hePu「e〔ondme↑h○d weknow↑hα↑↑heIn↑ini↑eLifeSu↑「qis0ve「Yimp○「↑αn↑

su↑「α↑husisαsup「emeDhα「mαPαssing0n↑heIn↑ini↑eLifeSu↑「ααnd↑heAmi↑αbhαSu↑「α↑o○↑he「s

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Buddhαs.The「ef○「e〃weneed↑ounde「s↑αnd↑he

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gg

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αndm○「emeαning↑uIunde「s↑αnclingonclcuI↑ivα↑ion.

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en】○γmen↑swi∣∣beequα∣↑o↑h0se○↑BuddhoAmi﹣ l00

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u∣↑imα↑eEnIigh↑enmen↑.

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↑αiningEn∣igh↑enmen↑in○neIi↑e↑ime.F「○m↑his’we kn○w↑ho↑↑hisme↑hodis○u↑s↑αndingαndbeγ○nd

compα「is○n.A∣IBudc∣hαs〃8odhisα↑↑vαsαndpαs↑Pα﹣ ↑「iα「chshαvep「0ised↑hisme↑h○dI↑isα「α「e○ppo「-

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opp○「↑uni↑iesp0ssusbγ‧I↑0ccu「ss○inf「eαuen↑lγin in↑ini↑ee○ns〃weneed↑○h○∣d○n↑igh↑’↑○n○↑∣e↑gα

↑○Ieα「nαndp「αc↑iceαse○「nes↑Iγαndsince『eIγαs wecαn。

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