Week 5 Mobility Networks

PALDI

Commercial zones only present along primary route

All public uses located on the periphery of the site

Religious spaces scattered across the site giving access to each neighbourhood. Connection with street life is lost higher up.

Social nodes focused on street - possibly disrupted by vehicular movement. Terraces and otlas in the walled city provided safe social spaces away from busy movement

Informal trade happen along primary and secondary routes between main social nodes

Impacts the way children can play. Playing on the streets is not common within Paldi but children have more freedom within the walled city. PERMEABILITY

Landmark temples and eateries make it easier to locate places within the walled city

Highly permeable till secondary routes

Tertiary routes used as social spaces by the people of the pol. Requires permission to enter sometimes

Advantageous for pedestrians, scooters and cyclists

Difficult to for visitor to navigate through the city even on foot due to narrow streets

36 PALDI

W9 Tactical Urbanism

Place as a physical manifestation of human needs and lifestyle and an understanding of its fluid and constantly negotiating changes. Understanding Tactical urbanism as a short term action for a long term change. Different forms of like ‘Guerilla urbanism’, ‘DIY urbanism’ and

‘pop urbanism’ comminicate how people have adapted to new changes.

IMPORTANCE

Governments benefit massively by showing quick chnage to place and its identity, by ensuring a low cost but high impact city improvement. Private players of the market by applying ‘pre-vitalisation’ technique create a place by rebranding them that would increase its value. Using ‘pop up business’ ideas can make them test possible future tenants and cultures. Creating a resilient environment that is adaptable to new changes and reducing the risk for long term development is a key strategy of this concept.

THE “TATE EFFECT”

Urban Regeneration through the Bankside Urban Forest: The transformation stroy of the Tate modern gallery at south bank london, from a power station to a museum of modern art stimulated a regeneration effect in south bank. This infused culture

and money into a depressed part of London.

Bankside Urban Forest (wwmarchitects, n.d.) The term ‘urban forest’ at Southbank is composed of a network of streets, scattered open spaces and strong local identity of the area. It has a “User Centered Design” approach to researching and designing urban projects. The project started by identifying and photographing strong communal spots (ethnographic studies) across southbank and coming up with a framework covering a number of illustrative projects including the development of a Tate Modern playground, planted arch, better landscaping/ pedestrian access/ widening of public gathering spaces including Flat Iron Square.

(wwmarchitects, n.d.)

38 39

TACTICAL URBANISM

FOR SOCIAL INCLUSION

Green spaces and pop up spaces boost social inclusion as it targets both low and high income groups in green open spaces. It positively impacts physical and mental health. As these spaces promote social events, festivals, informal markets and pop up parks. This creates interest in this area and adds more resilience. There is

high oppurtunties for social interaction.

THE CASE OF TORONTO

W10 Big data/ urban futures

Data Driven Design is empowering local decisions, creating a responsive city. Big data is received from people and can imapct design decision based upon their tastes, behaviors, cultures, societies.

A focus on urban computation as a field of study at the intersection of geography and computation. There is a shift from Physical and Economics towards cultural and social based on data. This can influence design decisions for urban and public spaces.

Shift of data trend towards cultural and social based on data (Sainz, 2021)

42

DATA SHAPING CITIES

Data driven masterplans: Adaptative Masterplan / Urban design proposal based on data insights. - Better Informed decisions

- Generation of Multiple Scenarios - Easy data communication - Application of Machine Learning algorithms to automate repetitive tasks - Ex. Solutions like predicting changes on Health and footfall levels through the introduction of new sports facilities

DIKW PYRAMID

DIKW Pyramid visualizing the transformation of data to wisdom, adopted by IBM in AI and Smart Tools. Wisdom being seen as holding a higher value of all.

Knowledge with higher value than information, informs the solution

Information with higher value than data, informs the data quality

Data is at the bottom with the least amount of

perceived usefulness collected from users

Humane smart cities have been defined by the European Union around seven fields of study (Giffinger et al. 2007):

- smart governance - smart mobility

- smart environment

- smart economy - Smart Social Inclusion

SMART PEOPLE

Use of GPS and possession of smart phones means that Big data is already being collected on the movement of people. Movement tracking can identify the areas of a city that are neglected or avoided. Software such as Grimshaw’s ‘Urban Explorer’ can be used to analyse this data and suggest opportunity sites.

SMART GOVERNANCE

City governments rely on smart technologies to upgrade, manage, and improve the efficiency of urban infrastructure. Increased use of ICTs for the purposes of efficiency, transparency, and sustainability Uses predictive rather than reactive analytics to make decisions

Big Data coupled with public engagement and experiential knowledge should make predictive analytics and decision-making more effective (Mai Thi Nguyen, 2016) Potential to improve administrative efficiency and reduce man hours spent on tasks, thereby saving time, energy, and money

(LIndsay, 2010)

44

SMART MOBILITY

- Sensors for solving congestions - Real time traffic data to design better mobility networks - Apps for ease of transit - Data can reveal patterns that will encourage better transportation engineering - Play a role in determining transportation policy

DESIGN FACTORS

- Data for behavior/ trends

- Cultural and social data for data driven design process - Advantages of real time data (adjust to latest trends) - Data and spatial understanding - Allows for increased design time as repetitive tasks can be taken away from the designer - Visual data through the use of VR and AR can be used to illustrate the information

- Allows for greater analysis of proposals and therefore further refinement of a project

A public- private partnership for a smart city masterplan using data (Wiley, 2015)

REFLECTION

Having come from a relative architectural background and having learnt urban design modules makes me feel more responsive to design solutions catering not only to the site but the context. In my view urban design is vital in understanding how spaces around a designed building or space works. This module has taught me various urban design jargons and key concepts that would help design successfu places and public realms.

Planning, playing and placing blocks, plots and building layouts were really interesting to deal with. Doing morphological studies of international sites make me understand the story of the place, site context and surrounding spaces, which are geerally not considered in design process. Working and formulating different ideas as a group and as an individual taught me greater working values.

Landscape urbanism, tactical urbanism concepts, morphology, movement, socio- economic issues were key concepts that were unknown and I am very much fascinated by these at present. These concepts come to life when they are applied in real life when I visit any block/ street or place. Sketching throughout the module has made me better communicate details and ideas. The structure of the module with lectures, analysis, application and presentation made me work and understand concepts better and on a regular basis.

46 BIBLIOGRAPHY

T Allen, N., 2017. tandfonline. [Online]

Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23311886.2018.1442117 [Accessed Sunday December 2020]. Beatley, T., 2017. Biophilic Cities and Healthy Societies. s.l.:s.n. BIG, 2020. BIG. [Online]

Available at: https://big.dk/#projects-twc [Accessed Monday March 2021]. Density Atlas, 2021. Desnity Atlas. [Online] Available at: https://densityatlas.org/explore/cards [Accessed Monday March 2021]. euronews, 2020. World’s biggest rooftop greenhouse opens in Montreal. [Online] Available at: https://www.euronews.com/2020/08/26/world-s-biggest-rooftop-greenhouse-opens-in-montreal [Accessed 2021].

Fadzil, N. A. M. O. F. S. F. F. S., 2011. Assessment of Passive Thermal Performance for a Penang Heritage Shop house. [Online] Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271637755_Assessment_of_Passive_Thermal_Performance_for_a_Penang_Heritage_Shop_house [Accessed 2021].

Fatima, C., 2020. WHO. [Online]

Available at: https://www.who.int/heli/risks/urban/urbanenv/en/#:~:text=As%20urban%20populations%20grow%2C%20the,urban%20poverty%2C%20environment%20 and%20health.

[Accessed Monday December 2020]. Gray, C., 2011. Landscape Urbanism: Definitions & Trajectory. Scenario jorunal, 1(1), p. 2021.