VIEWS May 2019

Spring 2019 Issue 36 Volume 2

Translation and Review EXCLUSIVE!

Bike Across America for ASDC

FEATURES Interim CEO Charity Warigon 2019 National Conference Update Interpreting the Legal System Competence in Translation

ADVERTISE WITH US! CHECK OUT OUR ADVERTISING PACKAGES TO REACH OVER 14,000 RID MEMBERS!

@RIDINC REGISTRY OF INTERPRETERS FOR THE DEAF, INC.

2

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

spring 2019

VIEWS

IN THIS ISSUE:

COVER STORIES

Governance

EXCLUSIVE! Bike Across America for ASDC Page 26 Meet the families of ASDC Page 29

Letter from the Editor/4 President's Report/10 Region I Report/ 12 Region II Report/14 Region III Report/16 Region IV Report/18 Region V Report/ 19

Interim CEO Report from Charity Warigon Charity Warigon Page 8 YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/9MaLZCDGcEU

Columns/articles Honoring Diversity/30

2019 National Conference Update Page 24

Dear Encounters With Reality/32 Note From Uncle Dale/34 Found in Translation/ 40 Holding Space & Giving Back/50 Self-Care/ 52 Member Spotlight/ 56

Intersection of Interpreting with the Complexity of the Legal System Benro Ogunyipe Page 36 YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/F6NN9OSfVHg

News Annual Report Preview/6 From the Desks at HQ/ 22 Yi Wang/ 23 Newly Certified/57

Competence in Translation and Interpreting Revision Jaime Fatás-Cabeza Page 42 YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/lvWRzZnmEsQ

To view all articles in ASL, visit our Spring VIEWS playlist on YouTube, www.rid.org/may2019viewsplaylist/ Layout Design and Video Editing by Maxann Keller and Jenelle Bloom

This issue’s photography gathered from collections at unsplash.com and pexels.com

#TranslationVIEWSspring19 www.rid.org

3

H

Letter from the Editor

ello! I’m Julia, Editor for VIEWS. Managing this publication is the best part of my job, and I hope you enjoy all of the content we have for you in this issue! Many of our authors ask what feedback has been given about their articles, and so we are trying out a new way of engaging you - the readers - in this feedback loop. At the end of each article is a link to a short survey where you can type in your comments for the authors, the editors, or the interpreting community! We can pass along your feedback or even post it on our social media to create more discussion around these important topics.

Now to the meat of this issue: We are pleased to release the Annual Report for Fiscal Year 2018. You’ll also see some great information about our RID Cares recipient for the 2019 National Conference American Society for Deaf Children. We are so grateful to ASDC for connecting us with families who have Deaf children and for their work providing access to cultural and linguistic support for these families. It’s an amazing organization and we're thrilled to partner with Conrad Baer and Albert Blake to raise funds and awareness for them by biking across America - please join us in sponsoring ASDC! Besides looking forward to the RID National Conference in Providence, RI this July 7-11, our theme for this issue is Translation and Review. There is a lot of complexity around these topics as ASL translation is a rapidly developing field. Consider that translation and review play a big part in everyday interpreting work. The more preparation time and materials we have for an interpreting assignment, the more we are able to analyze our syntactical decisions to best match the target language/culture equivalent. Principles related to competence in translation are highlighted in our feature trilingual article by Jaime Fatás-Cabeza, a returning author who specializes in Spanish-English translation. We also have a feature article from Benro Ogunyipe, past president of National Black Deaf Advocates. He talks about specific translation issues that arise in legal settings, and uses the lack of a standardized ASL translation of the Miranda Warning as a case study. And from the leading edge of ASL review in pedagogy, Ku Mei Kern from GoReact gives us an insightful overview of how their platform has paved the way to a more immersive and engaging classroom experience. Implementing a rigorous review process through the use of new technology helps instructors to better qualify aspiring interpreters in our field.

Thank you for watching! I hope these articles will spark your own thoughts and discussions. If you have something you feel is important to share with your colleagues nationwide, please submit! You can also get this issue in hard copy by ordering before June 1st here. www.rid.org/views-print-order-form/ I’ll be looking to recruit VIEWS contributors at our National Conference in July - hope to see you there!

Julia Wardle, M.A. Editor-in-Chief

5

YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/JTmGXKRH7Kc 4

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

RID BOARD OF DIRECTORS

President Melvin Walker

M.Ed., CRC, CI and CT, NAD V

president@rid.org

Vice President Sandra Maloney, M.A., CI and CT, SC:L

vicepresident@rid.org

Secretary Joshua Pennise, M.A., CI and CT, NIC Adv

secretary@rid.org

Treasurer Byron Behm, M.A., NIC, NAD V

treasurer@rid.org

Member at Large Len Roberson, Ph.D., CI and CT, SC:L

memberatlarge@rid.org

Deaf Member at Large Branton Stewart, CDI, CLIP-R

dmal@rid.org

Region I Representative LaTanya Jones, M.S.M., NIC

region1rep@rid.org

Region II Representative Brenda Sellers, CI and CT, NIC

region2rep@rid.org

Region III Representative Kenya McPheeters, NIC

region3rep@rid.org

Region IV Representative Sonja Smith, M.A., NIC

region4rep@rid.org

Region V Representative Mish Ktejik, M.A., NIC, SC:L

region5rep@rid.org

STOCK PHOTO

RID HEADQUARTERS STAFF

Interim Chief Executive Operator

Charity Warigon

cwarigon@rid.org

Chief Operating Officer Elijah Sow

esow@rid.org

Director of Finance and Operations

Jennifer Apple japple@rid.org

Operations Specialist Charlotte Kinney

ckinney@rid.org Accounting Specialist II Tong Rogers

trogers@rid.org

Senior Director of Standards Ryan Butts and Practices rbutts@rid.org Professional Development Manager

Carol Turner cturner@rid.org

Ethics Administrator Tressela Bateson

tbateson@rid.org

Certification Coordinator

Director of Member Services and Government Affairs

Ashley Holladay aholladay@rid.org Neal Tucker ntucker@rid.org

Member Services Khianti Thomas Coordinator kthomas@rid.org Director of Communications and Outreach

Bill Millios bmillios@rid.org

Communications Manager

Julia Wardle jwardle@rid.org

Communications Coordinator

Maxann Keller mkeller@rid.org

Communications Specialist

Jenelle Bloom jbloom@rid.org

www.rid.org

5

FY18 Annual Report Based on member feedback, we’ve worked to make this Fiscal Year 2018 Annual Report the most accessible, easily-navigated report yet! What to expect for your 2018 Annual Report: • An attractive infographic that includes high-level information regarding your organization and the numbers that made up the fiscal year here at RID. • A matching website with an easy-to-navigate layout for more in-depth reporting.

Easily search for the information you need from each department with clickable, accessible content.

• All RID HQ department narratives in a bilingual, ASL-English format.

• A Plain-Text printable PDF for you to see the facts in black and white and in large font.

CLICK HERE FOR YOUR 2018 ANNUAL REPORT! www.rid.org/2018-annual-report/

6

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

President

Vice President Secretary VOTE NOW!

Jonathan Webb

PhD, CI and CT, NIC Advanced

Paul Glaser CDI

Welcome

RID Executive Board 2019-2021

Treasurer

Yakata Nichols NIC

Deaf Member at Large Member at Large

Branton Stewart CDI, CLIP-R

LaTanya Jones M.S.M., NIC www.rid.org

7

INTERIM CEO REPORT

Interim CEO Report Charity Warigon YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/9MaLZCDGcEU

Charity Warigon Interim CEO

H

i! I’m Charity Warigon, Interim CEO of RID.

will bring a lot of anticipated growth for RID, as we work toward greater engagement with our Affiliate Chapters, promotion of diversity and inclusion in all levels of RID, and continued support for CASLI’s transition to a new platform and improved testing for aspiring interpreters.

The Board of RID has specifically asked me to use my brief time here to provide transitional leadership: to recruit and identify a long-term leader, and to build bridges – restoring existing relationships, and forging new relationships with various stakeholder organizations within the interpreter community and the Deaf community, making sure that diverse members and their viewpoints are represented and valued. With this assignment, you will begin to see me at various conferences to engage in meaningful conversations with you. On the right, you can view the different events I will be attending!

It’s been two months since I arrived here at Headquarters. In that short time we have seen a lot of movement and progress in our various operations. I have been so impressed with the work of our departments in Headquarters.

We are seeing more opportunities for professional development with the Continuing Education Center (CEC) and expanded member benefits from our Member Services department. It is also gratifying to see the hard work of our volunteers on boards, committees, councils, and task forces, If you plan to attend any of these events, I hope to meet you and that of the many many individuals working to make our there and start the conversation! In the meantime, I’ve filmed National Conference this summer a success. a vlog that more specifically details my Vision Plan while I look forward to continuing work with the RID Board and serving as RID Interim CEO - see here. I feel strongly about the Committees and Councils, particularly the newly ap- accomplishing the goals I’ve set forth in this plan, which fit pointed CEO Search Committee. The upcoming fiscal year seamlessly with the theme of our National Conference this summer: “Come Together, Work Together, Thrive To8

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

The upcoming fiscal year will bring a lot of anticipated growth for RID, as we work toward greater engagement with our Affiliate Chapters, promotion of diversity and inclusion in all levels of RID, and continued support for CASLI’s transition to a new platform and improved testing for aspiring interpreters. gether.” At the conference, I will join our Keynote speaker, Evon Black, and our President elect, Jonathan Webb, to engage with you more about the future of RID and the transformation taking place for the improvement of interpreting services for Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and DeafBlind people. I hope you will come to the conference! There is a workshop track for everyone, and I am excited for the engagement of Deaf community members at our exhibit booths and ASL events, as well as through our RID CARES initiative sponsoring ASDC. As always, it is a pleasure to be here with you!

Charity Warigon

5

See Charity at the Following Events May 3-5

Street Leverage Live 2019 Austin, Texas

June 20-23

National Association of Interpreters in Education Conference “Sharing the Vision” Greeley, Colorado

June 25-30

Deaf Interpreter Conference “Choice, Chance, Change” Monmouth, Oregon Registration Open Now!

e c n e d i v o r P

July 7-11

Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf National Conference “Come Together, Work Together, Thrive Together” Providence, Rhode Island

July 15-19

World Association of Sign Language Interpreters 2019 “Honouring the Past, Treasuring the Present, Shaping the Future” Paris, France

July 31-August 4

National Black Deaf Advocates Conference “Building Together: A Community of Strength, Knowledge and Power” Oakland, California

RID National Conference Providence, Rhode Island July 7th-9th.

www.rid.org

9

PRESIDENT’S REPORT

President's Report Melvin Walker, RID President YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/k0w2HidXlvE

Melvin Walker M.Ed., CRC, CI and CT, NAD V President

H

ello! I am Melvin Walker, and for the last six years, I’ve had the pleasure of serving on the RID Board of Directors - first as Vice President, and then as President.

This will be my last VIEWS article as President, so I wanted to take a few moments to reflect.

call RID. I have met many members along the way; we have worked together, laughed together, and cried together. And I have had the good fortune to work with the great staff at RID HQ, who juggle many things - large and small - so that RID can fulfill its mission.

We have had a bit of a rough journey over the past several years. A lot of difficult decisions had to be made. A lot of challenging conversations happened. There has been both criticism and praise. We’ve had to re-examine everything looking at “the way things have always been done” and deciding if these practices are sustainable, and if we want to continue what we’ve been doing. In some cases, we’ve had to change. But this self-examination needs to continue. It is healthy and necessary in order to accomplish RID’s mission.

First, it has been an honor and a privilege to serve on this Board. I have had the opportunity to work alongside some amazing, dedicated people, who have consistently set aside Over the past several years, a lot of the foundation-buildtheir personal and professional commitments in order to ing work that RID has done has necessarily been limited to devote time to improving this wonderful organization we the Board, the volunteer leaders ...it is important now to recognize that RID is on the cusp of the committees most impactby the work (the Certification of getting back into our real business again - improving ed Committee, for example), and a access to and availability of certified and qualified inter- few others. We have tried to inpreters for Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and DeafBlind con- clude as many people as possible in the decision-making process sumers. while also moving forward in 10

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

Our shared goal should be not to find fault, but to recover from mistakes, celebrate success, and seek ways to expand our calling as individuals and as professionals - because to do anything else ultimately hurts the Deaf community. a timely fashion. Overall, I am proud of the work that has been accomplished. I think it is important now to recognize that RID is on the cusp of getting back into our real business again - improving access to and availability of certified and qualified interpreters for Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and DeafBlind consumers.

right, and also a chance to make mistakes. None of us are perfect, and making mistakes is inevitable. Our shared goal should be not to find fault, but to recover from mistakes, celebrate success, and seek ways to expand our calling as individuals and as professionals - because to do anything else ultimately hurts the Deaf community.

We currently have an interim CEO, Charity Warigon, who is working with the RID Board in the search for a new, permanent CEO. Assisting in this effort is the CEO Search Committee, an outstanding group of people with diverse backgrounds and a wide range of knowledge and experience. Charity also has a list of objectives in her scope of work that will set up the permanent CEO for success - she is not just here to find a CEO, but to initiate project plans that can be carried forward for years to come.

I believe in the great group of people on the new Board of Directors. I also believe in the membership who go out every day and put their hands up for Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and DeafBlind consumers. We all want the same thing, which is stated in our RID mission: to strive to advocate for best practices in interpreting, professional development for practitioners, and for the highest standards in the provision of interpreting services for diverse users of languages that are signed or spoken.

We have a number of new (and some familiar) faces coming onto the Board this July; they will be sworn in at the RID National Conference in Providence. Transformation, as my friend Jonathan Webb likes to call it, is coming. It comes not just with new people, but with the opportunity to do new things, and to do old things in a new way. I am excited to see what he and the Board will accomplish; I promise to be of service to them in whatever way I can.

Again, it has been an honor and a privilege to serve you, and I look forward to seeing you in Providence at the National conference. Thank you again for the opportunity to serve you as President.

If I could ask a favor of you, the membership - it would be to give all of these new people a chance. A chance to do things

Yours,

Melvin Walker

5

The National Association of Interpreters in Education (NAIE) will be hosting our 3rd National Conference on Interpreting in Education June 20-23, 2019 at the University of Northern Colorado in Greeley, CO. The National Conference is an opportunity for stakeholders in the education of deaf and hard of hearing students to come together, network, learn from the experts, and stay current on effective practices within the field. To stay up to date with the latest information, check out the NAIE website www.naiedu.org as well as the NAIE Facebook and Twitter accounts. www.rid.org

11

Region I Report LaTanya Jones, Region I Representative FROM THE BOARD YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/ATxTERQ4KqA LaTanya Jones, M.S.M., NIC Region I Representative

We will let you know as soon as that decision has been made, so please look for that information - but not until after our national conference.

Please come to the conference! I want to see you all there.

It will be a great time to meet and mingle with those of you I haven’t met. You’ll also be able to take advantage of the ello everyone! I’m LaTanya Jones, your Region I great workshops, presenters, and keynote at the conference Representative.

- not to mention some great entertainment! So come! It will be fun. The conference is July 7-11 in Providence, RI. If you I have been so honored to serve as your Region I Represen- haven’t registered yet, give it some thought, and come on! tative. I’ve met so many wonderful people in our region.

Thank you for all of your support, and love, and encourage- Again, thank you for your love, support, and encouragement! I really appreciate the kind messages and feedback ment. I really appreciate it. I look forward to continue servyou have sent me. I look forward to continuing to serve you ing all of you on the RID Executive Board for the next two on the RID Executive Board in my new position as Member years. at Large. I’m excited about our new board and the experience, skills, and expertise they are bringing together to serve you - the RID members!

H

NJRID

Hello from NJ, my name is Audrey Rosenberg, president And what about the new Region I Representative? The new of NJRID. Since January, NJRID has hosted two wonderful board will appoint a representative to continue my work workshops, both of which were related to interpreting in Juwith Region I for the rest of this term. daism. The speaker, Karen Staller, was fabulous!

12

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

NJRID will be hosting their general meeting on Saturday, May 18th. We will have a meeting and workshop that same day. In addition we will be choosing two stipend winners.

The stipend awards two members to attend the national conference. We are very excited about this.

Currently, NJRID has two vacant board positions, both positions are member at large. If you or anyone you know are interested in joining the Board and helping the organization, and are members of NJRID, please let us know.

Official 2019 RID National Conference Interpreter Coordinators

At present NJRID is in the process of looking for a location to host a Fall mini-conference. Once the location and details are determined, we will share that information.

On a final note, New Jersey has recently lost one of our own.

Cynthia Piana, past president of NJRID, wonderful interpreter, advocate, friend, and colleague, passed away. Her loss has deeply impacted both the interpreting and Deaf communities here in NJ. She will be missed. Her service over the years has been invaluable. We hope her legacy, enthusiasm, and support will continue to radiate throughout NJ. Thank you.

-Audrey Rosenberg

LIRID

Here are updates from Long Island RID. In January we hosted our very first Happy Hour! Look for more to come. Then in February, we held our annual Comedy Show Fundraiser, interpreted by volunteers from our chapter! Finally in March, we were thrilled to have one of our members, Laurie Nash, present a workshop on Role-Space. It was quite the success! Follow us now on our website www.lirid.org, Instagram #lirid, or Facebook LIRID!

-Jessica Heron and Amanda Allard

5

Locally Owned.

Deaf-Led. Community Driven.

Keystone Interpreting Solutions (K!S) provides you with interpreting that leaves you feeling empowered and confident in any situation. KIS understands that you are placing your trust in our interpreters, and trusted access is our number one solution and the answer to what you are looking for in communication.

Visit us at www.kisasl.com!

Phone: (651) 454-7275 Email: info@kisasl.com

www.rid.org

13

Region II Report Brenda Sellers, Region II Representative FROM THE BOARD YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/Zn7q3-L17IY Brenda Sellers, CI and CT, NIC Region II Representative

able to come together and learn/improve their skills.

GaRID is busy preparing for our Member Appreciation Day (M.A.D.) on April 23. This is a free day of workshops for our members, with the only cost being lunch. In the morning wehave Faith Powell presenting “Semantic Clusters: Developing a Powerful Vocabulary.” We break for lunch to i I’m Brenda Sellers, Region II Representative, I will conduct our business meeting, and end the day with “Can We Talk About This? Case Conferencing, Supervision, and be looking down at my notes as I give this report.

Demand Control Schema,” presented by Debbie Lesser!

I’ve been busy this spring! I had the privilege of attending the South Carolina 50th Conference on March 1. Then two Look out for more information soon regarding our state weeks later, I went to Providence, RI for our RID Board conference this fall in the beautiful and historic Savannah, Face-to-Face meeting at the conference hotel. I’ve also Ga! been helping the TRID conference planners get ready for their 50th Conference which will be April 26-27. I’m plan- ning to attend as many of our state conferences this year as I possibly can. Now I’ll share with you what I received from some of our Chapter Presidents.

H

Amanda Tate and Debbie Lesser

GaRID

Let’s start in Georgia: GaRID kicked off the new year with an amazing workshop presented by Donna Flanders entitled “What Does it Look Like.” We were able to find a common teacher workday among many of our school systems so educational interpreters as well as community interpreters were

14

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

TRID

Now moving up to TN: Currently, TRID is gearing up for its annual members’ conference April 26-27. The presenters and workshops promise to be incredible. During this conference we will be electing our next Executive Board.

Additionally, the Marie Griffin Interpreting award, in honor of Marie Griffin who served both Deaf and interpreting communities with distinction, will be presented to its first recipient.

In the area of legislation, the Sign Language Interpreter Legislation drafting group comprised of Deaf, interpreters, and other stakeholders coming together has completed a five year process of developing legislation that will establish a sign language interpreter licensure board. The draft legislation has been presented to several legislators. There has not been any official action on the legislation yet. We will update as information comes in.

has been to provide resources to rural areas and educational interpreters who may not have access to a network of interpreters and/or trainings. VRID is currently working on our 2019 mini-conference on June 22 at Reynolds College in Richmond, Virginia. Our focus will be on mentorship training.

Our conference committee is also working on our Region II Conference. Our theme will be “2020: A Greater Vision,” and it will be held July 16-19, 2020. We are still working on details but we will be rolling out the plans in the near future. We look forward to support from our Region II family.

Our last quarterly meeting was April 3. Our next business Over to South Carolina: SCRID hosted its 50th annual meeting and annual update will be June 22 at our mini-conconference March 1-2. The conference presenters were ference.

Howard Rosenblum and Phyllis Rogers. We had a fantastic turnout of local members and visitors from other states. This year was not an election year and therefore no new items or board members were voted on. Next year’s conference will be located in the Pawleys Island area of SC and will be our election year. During the 50th conference we were lucky And over to PCRID: Our quarterly member meeting is goenough to have Joyce Smith, SCRID’s founding President, ing to be done virtually on May 2. Details are on the PCRID in attendance. She was presented with the Joe Bath Lifetime website if you would like to join in remotely. It's hard to sum Achievement Award. We are continuing to provide work- this quarter given the liveliness of the PCRID Board & the shops throughout the state this year and attempting our first interpreting community in the DC/MD area. Here are some basic updates about what PCRID has been up to in the first online workshop. quarter of 2019: For legislation, we have Senate Bill 190 “Sign Language Interpreter Act” that has been submitted and is now in com- In January, PCRID held the newly elected Board workday for mittee. Our legislative task force will be meeting with our 2019 planning. In February, the PCRID President released sponsoring senators this week as we push for the committee an introductory vlog to members with 2019 goals & intento pass it before the deadline to move it over to the house. tions. Also, the MD Interpreter Licensure bill was submitted by MDAD & accepted by Delegate Queen. The PCRID President along with the Legislative Committee worked to respond to members regarding the licensure bill & created a webpage to establish an interpreter licensure timeline & to answer FAQs. In March, the Interpreter Licensure bill Down to Mississippi: Currently, MSRID is working on our was withdrawn by Delegate Queen, and there was a face-to2019 State Conference. It will be August 23-24, at Hinds face board meeting. The meeting addressed the first PCRID Community College Jackson, Mississippi. We held our last Free Member Workshop currently in progress, and estabmeeting in February and our next meeting will be this com- lished the theme for the 2019 conference. ing June. The June meeting will focus on the 2019 conference, membership renewal, and a fishbowl training session.

Will White

SCRID

Tammy Fortune

PCRID

Mary Beth Grayson

MSRID Jamie Olson

-

VRID

-Traci Ison

I hope to see many of you at the RID Conference in Providence in July. See you soon!

5

Up to Virginia: VRID has been striving for quality workshops and training throughout the state. One area of focus www.rid.org

15

Region III Report Kenya McPheeters, Region III Representative FROM THE BOARD ASL Not Available Kenya McPheeters, NIC Region III Representative

positions to 7 and so far it's been great! Spring is always the busiest season! MRID recently had a very successful spring conference—a two-day intensive Deaf-hearing teaming workshop, which included record-making attendance of 25 Deaf interpreters! MRID will have a booth at Deaf Aware ello! Kenya McPheeters, your Region III Representa- Day at the end of April (similar to a Deaf Expo) and they are also hosting Camp ASL in May. All three events are always tive here. very exciting!

It's been a busy beginning of the year. I hope everyone is working on their 2019 goals. I've been busy with WisRID has been busy this quarter. They started the calenByLaw Committee updates, the PPM review, the RID Board dar year with four new Board members: Secretary, Student Face-to-Face meeting in Rhode Island, chapter meetings, Liaison, Vice President (2nd term), and a new position they preparing a leadership workshop for AC presidents, meet- voted in—Communications Director. They have had two ing Charity Warigon, our interim CEO, discussing plans for board meetings to date. During the first meeting in January, Region III Conference in 2020, and excitedly waiting for they decided to have traveling board meetings around the the RID national conference in July in Rhode Island. Thank state with the addition of a weekend workshop. The board you for all you do for our profession, and I'm looking for- has two planned in the northern region of the state—one in ward to seeing many of you in Rhode Island! Here are some August and the other in October. At the end of last year, WisRID voted to partner with the Wisconsin Association updates from Region III Affiliate Chapters: for the Deaf (WAD) Bi-Annual Conference this year, which MRID restructured its board last fall, so instead of the typ- will be held in June. They have been busy preparing that ical president, vice president, member at large, etc. struc- workshop as well. The WisRID financial committee is well ture, they now have operations director, communications on the way to staffing the top fundraiser for the year, Brewer director, program director, etc. They went from 11 board Games.

H

16

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

RIII MIDWEST

UPCOMING EVENTS

MRID

RID MEMBER KELLY BRAKENHOFF PUBLISHES "DEATH BY DISSERTATION"

WISRID

MAY 17-19

JUNE 21-22

CAMP ASL

WAD CONFERENCE

In addition to regular board business, WisRID has been working to get the Interpreter License bill to pass in their state. Having recently finished the draft, it is now in the process of having a bill number, authors, and co-sponsors assigned. In an effort to not waste time and in collaboration with WAD, WisRID has hired a lobbyist to help with the entire process. It has been a good experience so far, and they are hopeful the bill will pass this legislative cycle.

Looking ahead, WisRID has a lot of activities happening.

They are finishing up plans for the June WAD Conference, planning another two board meetings in addition to a member appreciation event, and getting ready to solicit nominations for the following board positions and committees.

Board positions available in 2020: President, Treasurer, Trustee, Member-at-large, and Student Liaison. Committee positions currently available: Educational Interpreter Committee, Professional Development Committee, Nominations Committee, and CMP Committee.

Additionally, KYRID held their spring conference in Erlanger, KY, March 22-24, and directly after, ICRID held a Silent Retreat, March 29-31. Please check your local AC websites for upcoming events in your area!

5

RID Members! Purchase your copy before May 31st for proceeds to benefit Nebraska Hands and Voices!

Send a photo/screenshot of your amazon receipt to: deathbydissertation@gmail.com and type RID member for the subject line! Your purchase credit will then go towards the classroom donations! www.rid.org

17

Region IV Report Sonja Smith, Region IV Representative FROM THE BOARD YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/pdfSTQBFF84

Sonja Smith, M.A., NIC Region IV Representative

Lastly, in Oklahoma, OkRID is providing support to OAD for their conference.

On the legislative front, Texas has good news! There is a bill currently working its way through the legislature that will provide funding for support service providers (SSPs) for DeafBlind Texans. It has just passed the committee, and ello, everyone! I’m Sonja Smith, the RID Region IV should be heard by the full House soon.

Representative.

As you know, conference season is fast approaching. Many I have some very exciting updates for you. One of the prima- affiliate chapters will be hosting their annual or biennial ry goals of Region IV is to connect with the Deaf communi- conferences this summer, and I’ll even be attending some ties in our area. We have had some very successful collabo- of them! Arkansas (ARID) will be hosting their conference rations in recent months. For example, Montana RID and June 20-22 - I’ll be there, and I hope to see some of you as Montana Association of the Deaf recently co-hosted an ASL well. Montana’s conference is the second weekend of AuStory Night where individuals from the community shared gust, and that’s another opportunity for me to see some of stories, such as ABC stories and ASL Poetry. The end goal you! But the biggest conference of all is the biennial RID was to raise funds for a local organization. Currently, NeR- National Conference, happening this July in Providence, ID (Nebraska) is planning their conference in conjunction Rhode Island! Good luck to all affiliate chapter conferences with NAD (Nebraska Association of the Deaf). The confer- happening this summer! I know this summer is busy, but ence will be happening this summer, so be on the lookout hopefully I’ll be able to catch up with many of you at those for that. In Kansas, KAI-RID has been hosting ongoing so- conferences. I hope you enjoy the rest of spring! cial events for the Deaf and interpreting communities there, providing a time and space for people to enjoy each other’s company.

H

5

18

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

Region V Report Mish Ktejik, Region V Representative FROM THE BOARD YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/H5L17zwyXDs Mish Ktejik, M.A., NIC, SC:L Region V Representative

H

ello everyone!

It’s time for another report from Region V! I would like to share the news that at this time, Region V is not planning a 2020 regional conference. We love our Region V conferences, but we love our Region V volunteers even more. Our volunteers are responsible for running the affiliate chapters, local workshops, state conferences, and of course the regional conference. These events are a labor of love, and are extremely time-consuming. Many of our local chapters have reported volunteer burnout and a resulting low engagement. Based on this feedback, it may be beneficial to forgo a 2020 regional conference and allow our volunteers to rest and focus on supporting local chapter events.

I will continue to keep you updated as the conversation around this issue evolves.

shop. SDCRID is also planning workshops to support and guide mentor/mentee pairs. SDCRID elections for board positions are coming up in June and they are looking to fill some committee chair positions as well.

NorCRID partnered with CSD Fremont to host an event about ASL STEM skills in K-12/College settings. It was a wonderful workshop with a great turn out. Coming up is a workshop in May on “Unpacking Sexuality” and a fundraiser by the Pro-tactile Committee. NorCRID wants to express their support of their local Deaf advocacy agency undergoing some structural and leadership changes. Changes can be challenging, but we support their continued service to the community, with transparent, diverse, and accountable practices.

WSRID started out the year with several professional development events, such as Deaf Talks 2019 cohosted with Deaf Spotlight, and Community of Practice workshops. In March, the WSRID board went through training, reviewed operations, and established new goals. In May, WSRID will be offering a workshop on Deaf-hearing interpreting teams.

UTRID is having a semi-annual mini-conference this year On that note, the local chapters have been busy as usual! and voting in five new board members. UTRID has been SDCRID and SCRID co-hosted a DeafBlind 2-day work- providing an average of two monthly workshops and recentwww.rid.org

19

ly started streaming workshops to outlying areas, helping to achieve the board’s goal of interpreter unity.

ORID has been focused on growing and strengthening the local interpreting community through collaboration with local organizations to provide volunteer opportunities, professional development, and networking. In January, they hosted a 1920s-themed interpreter appreciation party that was extremely successful. ORID also is hosting a fundraiser event in May to send an interpreter from Ghana to WASLI this summer.

Campers, staff, speakers, and friends ALL WELCOME

SaVRID has been very busy these past few months. NomMemorial Weekend – May 24 to 27, 2019 inations were made for 8 board positions in March and Trails End Camp – Beach Lake, Pennsylvania elections will take place at the general meeting on May 17.

SaVRID has also been busy planning their 40th AnniversaRegistration: ylcafoundation.org/register ry Ruby Diamond Gala, hosted in Sacramento on May 11.

Congratulations to SaVRID on 40 years of being a RID af- Bring your YLC pictures, Daily Drum, T-shirts, & mementoes filiate chapter!

Outdoor Activites Workshops Booths Silent & Live Auctions Nightly Beerfest Outdoor Activities*Workshops*Booths*Silent & Live Auctions*Nightly Beerfest Hawai’i RID was just awarded workshop money to host an event this coming fall. The money will be put towards a pro- fessional development opportunity related to power, privilege and oppression.

Slide shows with over 800 slides First General Meeting on Monday morning

Slide shows with over 800 slides First General Meeting on Monday Morning

SCRID is winding up the year with an election and a shiny new board of directors. The unveiling of the new officers will happen at the annual general meeting on May 25 along with a workshop on interpreting in perinatal settings. This May meeting will mark Peggy Huber’s last meeting as president

of SCRID after nearly 6 years of service. Peggy, thank you for your volunteer leadership. People like you are the heart- beat that keeps our communities alive. It’s been an honor to Come one! Come All, Let’s have fun with YLC memories and history. work with you and you will be missed.

And thank you to all the volunteers and members who participate in the RID community. I hope to see many of you at the national conference in Providence, RI on July 7-11!

reunionchair@ylcafoundation.org Facebook: YLCA Foundation

5

20

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

http://smile.amazon.com/ch/23-7360218

From the Desks at HQ WEBINAR SPOTLIGHT Upcoming Live Webinar!

Diversity in Higher Education - Part II Presented by Royce M. Carpenter This workshop is part II of Diversity in Higher Education- Starting the Discussion.

This workshop is part II of Diversity in Higher Education- Starting the Discussion. Participants will learn how to analyze their thoughts surrounding cross-cultural information, people, and perspectives.

They will learn how to discuss culturally relevant issues for Deaf and hearing People of Color communities and how they can add diverse perspectives into their teaching which may impact the interpreting process and consumer satisfaction through utilizing videos and discussions around experiences of diverse Deaf and hearing people from interviews done by the presenter

Date: Wednesday, May 29, 2019 Time: 6:00 pm-8:00 pm ET Cost: $20 CEUs: 0.2 PS PPO CEUs To learn more about this webinar, visit: https://education.rid.org/products/diversity-in-higher-education-starting-the-discussion-part-ii Limited space is available! Registration is now OPEN! https://education.rid.org/products/diversity-in-higher-education-starting-the-discussion-part-ii *This webinar will be recorded and will be available for future viewing by RID members.* 22

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

*Missed out on Diversity in Higher Education- Starting the Discussion part I? You can register for the archived webinar at: https://education.rid.org/products/diversity-in-higher-education-starting-the-discussion

Collaborative Storytelling on Social Justice Joseph Hill and Dave Coyne This plenary storytelling session is one of the best communication techniques that inspire while highlighting the best moments in a narrative style. Stories will involve how we may discuss concerning trends, diversity and dismantling unwanted systems. Stories in this session will reflect on different aspects of social justice from their professional roles and life experiences. Participants leave having additional experiences related to their own working stories.

15% discount code expires May 31, 2019: CSSJ2019 CEUs: 0.125 PS PPO CEUs

Membership Renewal Reminder Friendly reminder renewal for the 2020 fiscal year is now available, please log into your member portal to submit payment for your membership dues before June 30th, 2019. Please visit the website here to renew:

https://rid.org/membership/join/

YI WANG 2019 RID CONFERENCE LOGO DESIGNER

YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/gLquwhm4_Xs

www.rid.org

23

Providence, Rhode Island

2019 RID NATIONAL CONFERENCE

Keynote Presenter

Evon Black

Banquet Presenter

Nyle Dimarco

Available Tracks

AFFILIATE CHAPTER LEADERSHIP

ATYPICAL LANGUAGE INTERPRETING DEAF-PARENTED INTERPRETERS

INTERPRETING IN LEGAL SETTINGS

DEAFBLIND INTERPRETING

INTERPRETING IN MENTAL HEALTH SETTINGS

GRADUATION TO CERTIFICATION VIDEO INTERPRETERS 24

INTERPRETING IN EDUCATIONAL AND INSTRUCTIONAL SETTINGS

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

TRANSLATION TRILINGUAL INTERPRETING

Thank You to Our Valued Sponsors!

Emerging Practitioners Special Package!

If you are a student, a recent graduate, or just entering the interpreting profession (and not yet certified), we have a special conference promotion for you!

Emerging practitioners can choose between: • $300 registration (+ one-year RID student membership for current students) • $400 registration - includes one-year RID associate membership ($150 value) This package automatically enrolls you in our Graduation to Certification conference track with...

• Access to Dennis Cokely memorial lounge - meet and greet with mentors!

• Special all-day information session led by CASLI Director Star Grieser and interpreter educators Christine Multra Kraft and Holly Nelson- discuss FAQs about the current upcoming exams, and review the Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities to prepare you for entering the field!

• Workshop series with CATIE Center Graduation to Certification program!

Graduation to Certification Track: https://rid.org/events/rid-2019-national-conference/conference-program/interactive-conference-schedule/

Apply Today!

Daily Rates

Sunday/Wednesday-

$200/day

Monday/Tuesday/Thursday-

$100/day

https://rid.org/events/rid-2019-national-conference/registration-costs/emerging-practitioners-application-form www.rid.org

25

Baer & Blake

BIKE ACROSS AMERICA FOR ASDC

26

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

Wheels for ASDC

"We chose the American Society for Deaf Children (ASDC) as our fundraising organization because its values align with our vision. We believe in sign language rights and education for Deaf children, and ASDC practices this. It was an easy, natural fit for us,” says cyclist Conrad Baer. His cycling partner, Albert Blake, agrees with this sentiment, adding: "ASDC is the perfect organization to support because I love serving Deaf children.

ASDC has a lot of ideas to help Deaf children, and this trip will be a great way to collect funds for ASDC!" Albert grinned when he talked about biking across America, saying, "I’ve wanted to bike across America ever since my freshman year in college.

Conrad and I actually had plans to do this in 2013, but they fell through.

I'm just thrilled we are able to retrieve our old dream, and doing it for Deaf children? It's a dream come true!" Conrad has equally intense enthusiasm about biking across the nation: "I loved biking growing up. My father biked across America in the summer of 1982, and he told me stories about it when I was little. It soon became my dream. Imagine traveling across the United States with just a bicycle, powered by your legs - how cool is that??" -Conrad Baer

Conrad Baer

Hello readers! I’m Conrad Baer, a guy who loves outdoor adventures.

I am third-generation deaf, fortunate to be raised by a beautiful and loving family in colorful Colorado. I enjoy reading, watching movies, snowboarding, and cycling in my spare time. Cycling across America is my childhood dream, inspired by my father who cycled across the country in the summer of 1982. Now I am on my way to achieving my goal along with my dear friend, Albert. We decided to do a fundraiser because we thought it was an excellent opportunity to give back the Deaf community by promoting our trip. We chose the American Society of Deaf Children (ASDC) because their mission statement aligns our goal - to see every deaf child given access to sign language at home. Through this partnership with ASDC, I feel that we can change the lives of the future generation of deaf children.

Albert Blake

My name is Albert Blake. I come from a three generation Deaf family. I was raised in the smallest city in Connecticut. I attended and graduated from Model Secondary School for the Deaf in Washington, D.C. I enrolled and graduated from Gallaudet University with a Bachelor of Science degree in Physical Education and Recreation, Sports Programming, and Athletic Coaching.

Currently a graduate student at Gallaudet University, I am getting my Masters of Public Administration. I played football and baseball for the Gallaudet Bison. Biking, hiking, camping, weight lifting, softball, disc golf, racquetball, and reading sports biographies are my hobbies. I’ve wanted to bike across America ever since my freshman year in college, it is on my bucket list, along with fundraising for the Deaf community, especially Deaf children. I am a hardcore fan of the New York Yankees and the Green Bay Packers. www.rid.org

27

Rachel Coleman

is the executive director of the American Society for Deaf Children (www.deafchildren.org), the oldest national organization founded by and governed by parents of deaf children. She is best known as the Emmy award-nominated host and creator of “Signing Time!,” the American Sign Language vocabulary building series, broadcast on PBS stations, Netflix, Nick Jr., and www.mysigningtime.com.

Coleman and her husband, Aaron, reside in Cottonwood Heights, Utah, with their youngest child, Lucy, who has spina bifida and cerebral palsy. Their oldest child, Leah, is a senior at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf/ Rochester Institute of Technology majoring in individualized studies with the concentrations of deaf cultural studies, design, and social inequalities.

n a m e l o C l e h c a R C D S A , r o t c e r i D e v i t u Exec

28

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

Coleman Family

Aaron, Rachel, Leah, and Lucy.

Korhonen Family

f o s e Fac C D AS

Ackerman Family

SignOn with ASDC

SignOn is a virtual immersion program that lets you practice your ASL live with a Deaf adult from the comfort of your own computer. Five (30) minute sessions (a $125 value) gets you...

Rudolph Family Jablonka Family Ferrell Family

• One-on-one practice and personalized feedback • Choose your own topics, personalized to your needs and skill • Enjoy flexible scheduling – sessions available 7 days a week • Watch your video sessions again any time to review • Start right away with an easy-to-use platform Join these families in experiencing the life changing opportunities that ASDC offers!

Become a member of ASDC by visiting deafchildren.org, or learn more about how you can support this incredible organization below:

Donate Today

Huot Family Hay Family Mather Family www.rid.org

29

Congratulations to Dr. Ava Morrow

Honoring

DIVERSITY YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/FM1PBRMs6Cw

G

allaudet University’s Board of Trustees voted to award the distinguished status of Professor Emeritus to Dr. Ava Morrow. She was selected for this honor by her faculty peers in recognition of her outstanding service and contributions to the University. This honor will be conferred upon Dr. Morrow during the University’s 149th Commencement ceremony on May 17, 2019 at 1:30pm. Dr. Ava Morrow learned sign language at Western High School, a female-only high school in Baltimore, Maryland. She earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Biology from Morgan State University in 1980 and in the same year she began working as a laboratory technician in the biology department at Gallaudet University. While working at Gallaudet, she enrolled in intermediate- and advanced-level sign language classes and eventually began taking sign language interpreting classes. She was certified as an interpreter in 1983.

30

in 2013 as a full professor of Microbiology. Although Dr. Morrow has retired from Gallaudet, she is still active in the community. She mentors sign language interpreters, scientists, and students. She is the Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Program Director for the DC Metro HBCU Alumni Alliance, Inc. and she is the STEM Network Ambassador for the District of Columbia.

In addition, Dr. Morrow is the current bylaws chair of the National Alliance of Black Interpreters, District of Columbia Metro Chapter (NAOBI-DC); she is a member of the Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf, Inc. (RID), and the Potomac Chapter of the Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf (PCRID); she is a member of the Medical Reserve Corp of the Prince George’s County Health Department, a member of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) and a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).

The entire leadership team and board of NAOBI-DC wish to congratulate Dr. Ava Morrow for her meritorious service to Gallaudet University and for making history as the second African American to be awarded the distinguished honor of Professor Emeritus. We are proud and thankful to have our own Hidden Figure amongst us. Let’s all acknowledge Dr. Ava Morrow who is hidden no more! #BlackWomanMagic

After achieving this goal, Dr. Morrow attended Howard University, majored in Microbiology and earned a Master of Science degree (1988) and a Ph.D. (2004). She retired from the Jenese E. Portee, M.S., N.I.C. biology dep a r t m e n t National Alliance of Black Interpreters-DC Metro Chapter President

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

5

MAKING GOOD INTERPRETERS

GREAT Efficient screening tool plus your mentors equals better allies for the Deaf community

Visit get.goreact.com/RID to learn more. www.rid.org

31

Dear Encounters With Reality COLUMN

Dear Encounters with Reality:

Recently I was interpreting a training at a large company. During the break, the Deaf client left to use the restroom. Several of the employees were chatting and one guy started telling a really dirty joke. I was offended but I wondered if we as interpreters have a right to object in these situations?

An Experienced Interpreter's Perspective:

Brenda Cartwright, M.S. CSC, CI and CT Lansing, MI Brenda Cartwright, MS, CSC, CI and CT has been the Director of the Sign Language Interpreter Program at Lansing Community College for over 30 years. She holds an undergraduate degree from Ball State University and graduate degrees from Ball State and Indiana University. She is a Coda with a bilingual cat named Coda.

YOUTUBE LINK: https://youtu.be/URRBG5yzwUs

^ 32

Even though you overheard this joke it doesn’t really involve you. Part of being an interpreter means hearing things that might make you angry or disgusted. You are there for your Deaf client and that should be your focus. Continue to be impartial, finish the job, and from then on use your discretion as to whether or not you want to interpret there again.

A Deaf Consumer's Perspective: If the Deaf client wasn’t in the room and they missed the telling of the joke, then there is no reason for you to repeat the joke. It is up to the client to speak up if something at the meeting offends them. For you to get involved may adversely impact the client. You are only there interpreting one day.

The Deaf client is there the rest of the year.

5

What did you think of this article? Send your feedback to the authors/editors by clicking here!

www.rid.org//views-may-articlefeedback/ VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

COMPLETE YOUR BACHELOR’S DEGREE ONLINE IN SIGN LANGUAGE INTERPRETING! ESTABLISHED NATIONAL EXCELLENCE According to the U.S. News and World Report, Siena Heights University’s Online bachelor’s degree program is the TOP RANKED in Michigan for the third consecutive year and nationally ranked for six straight years!

SAVE TIME AND MONEY Enroll in accelerated, ONLINE COURSES every 8 weeks. SAVE THOUSANDS in tuition costs by transferring up to 90 semester hours towards your degree. Credit may be awarded for work experience and NIC certification.

INQUIRE ONLINE AT: start.sienaheights.edu/sign

MOVE YOUR CAREER FORWARD . . .

AFFORDABLE. FLEXIBLE. ONLINE. www.rid.org

33

Note From Uncle Dale

Interpreting the Very Very Obvious COLUMN

Translation and Review.

These are heavy topics.

Dale H. Boam, CI Attorney at Law Salt Lake City, UT Dale is an Associate Professor of Deaf Studies at Utah Valley University, an attorney advocating for the rights of persons who are Deaf, an interpreter, and a blogger at “Uncle Dale’s Rules for Interpreters.” He consults and presents nationally on both interpreting and legal topics. Dale recently received a favorable decision from the Ninth Circuit Court that makes Section 504 more accessible to persons who are Deaf (See Ervine v. Desert View Regional Medical Center). Dale has served in advisory committees for the NAD, the organizing board for Deaf Studies, Today!, and the 2007 Deaflympic Games.

YOUTUBE LINK: https://youtu.be/nMxmzv6aOQ0

34

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

Think of the most complex and context-specific text you have ever been asked to interpret. Before you can produce an interpretation you must first deal with the thorny issue of translating the meaning for yourself into a format you can understand. Then you need to interpret that translated meaning into a format that is comprehensible to the Clients.

At each step in this process you must review your understanding of the text and the validity of the interpretation…

Whew!

Have you ever thought about how much work we put into translating the person and not just the text?

Let me explain by way of example. There are always at least two “yous” that exist side by side. There is “you” that looks out from behind your eyes and this “you” knows your history and motivations and thus understands the reasons you do what you do. This “you” knows your fears and hopes and intentions, so it assumes the reasons for your choices, words, and actions are very very obvious to everyone.

Then there is “you, interpreted.” This is the “you” that most people know. It is the “you” that other people interpret based solely on your actions. This is the “you” that people with no access to your inner motivations understand you to be. This “you” is constructed by translating what you do or say.

So, which is the real you, the valid you?

The answer is they both are. “You” and “you, interpreted,” are both legitimately “you,” but people’s reactions to each may seem miles apart from what you expect. When you say or do something expecting one reaction and get totally the opposite - that is a translation problem. You understand why

We must do this, because the Clients’ cultures are divergent and they cannot accurately interpret each other through mere observation. That which is very obvious to interpreters - the meaning behind a facial expression or nose wrinkle or head tilt or sigh or tone of voice or pitch or… We translate the meaning behind those prosody markers for ourselves intuitively. But our clients do not.

Our clients can only translate what they see filtered through their own cultural biases, without a basis to interpret meaning outside these biases. We have to do that for them. We have to translate not just the signs or spoken words but the actual intent in order to interpret meaning. We have to

If there is one place we as interpreters fall short it is that we forget to interpret what appears to us to be very very obvious. you did it or said it, to you it is very very obvious. However, translate each client based on how their meaning is impacted others only have your actions as a basis from which to inter- by our understanding of their cultural norms and history. In pret the same event. essence, we must translate what each client wants and then In a practical sense, very few people know “you” well interpret that desire for the other, and vice-versa, or the clienough to like or dislike “you” - they simply like or dislike ents will never understand the other’s intent in communicatsomething you’ve done or said. They have translated what ing in the first place. they saw or heard into an interpretation of “you.”

If there is one place we as interpreters fall short it is that we You are always being interpreted. There is nothing you can do to prevent it. You can manipulate it (not like a Bond villain) - you already do, unconsciously. Think about “you” at work, “you” at home, “you” at church. If we asked people from these different environments to describe “you,” each “you” would be a little bit different. Not because you are being fake or putting on an act, but because the demands of each situation are a little bit different. Each demands a slightly different “you,” or at least a slightly different interpretation of “you.”

As interpreters we use this dichotomy all the time, but we rarely think about it. We change our affect to match the Clients’. We interpret not only the signs or spoken words but also the attitudes, emotions, desires, moods, and intents of the hearing client to the Deaf client and the Deaf client to the hearing client. We, in essence, interpret the Clients’ “yous” for each other.

^

forget to interpret what appears to us to be very very obvious.

We know what that nose wrinkle means, and for some reason assume the hearing client saw it and actually understood it so we never think to account for it in our interpretation.

We don’t account for it because it is “obvious,” but communication breaks down most often over missing the very very obvious.

Think about this the next time you are interpreting and can’t figure out how your clients keep missing the point with each other. Take a step back and walk through your translation of each clients’ actions and ask yourself if you’ve missed anything while processing your translations of what you’ve seen and heard, based on your understanding of both the Deaf and hearing cultures, into an interpretation of this client for that one and vice-versa. Chances are you may have missed something vital, and you missed it because to you it was very very obvious.

5

What did you think of this article? Send your feedback to the authors/editors by clicking here!

www.rid.org//views-may-articlefeedback/

www.rid.org

35

FEATURE YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/F6NN9OSfVHg

The Intersection of Interpreting with the Complexity of the Legal System Can Have Serious Consequences.

What Can We Do?

By: Benro Ogunyipe, MPA

36

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

As an advocate, I use my privileged position to educate Deafpeoplewithlowersocioeconomicstatus andintersectionalbackgroundsabouttheirbasicrights.

I often encounter individuals, especially young Black Deaf persons from inner cities, who don’t have access to social resources and I explain to them the importance of conducting critical thinking when they are in disadvantaged situations.

Case in point, a Deaf person who I have known since college was arrested for a serious crime in which he claimed innocence. Eventually, he had a jury trial, was convicted, and is now serving a life sentence in prison. Going back to the custodial interrogation, he willingly signed a statement in which he waived his right to an attorney because he wanted to tell the truth. Little did he know that the ramifications of telling the truth could be self-incrimination because whatever he told the police could be used against him in the court of law (and it eventually was). It was at this very moment I realized there may be hundreds or thousands of Deaf persons who have been in similar disadvantaged positions and ended up with serious consequences due to their inability to understand legal terminology in both written text and ASL interpretations.

are typically not recognized by lawyers, courts, or police.”

American Sign Language (ASL) is a visual language which has a standardized form used in schools, staff meetings, and conferences. It is also informally used at homes, social events, and bars. However, only a few legal terms have been standardized in ASL. Signs and concepts can be translated in various ways by sign language interpreters and certified Deaf interpreters.

One of the most noted, and one of the most important, legal terms is the Miranda warning (also known as the Miranda Rights). Police departments are required to advise people placed under arrest of their Miranda Rights, meaning they have the right to refuse to answer questions or provide information to law enforcement officials while in police custody or during custodial interrogation. In some cases, Deaf people or Deaf suspects are not familiar with their Miranda Rights, and misunderstandings can be exacerbated if the interpreter is not experienced in legal jargon. There is no standardized translation of the Miranda warning (Washington, 2016). In areas where there are large Spanish-speaking populations, non-Spanish speaking police officers sometimes carry cards with the Miranda Rights translated into Spanish for people who only read or speak Spanish. However, there have been legal issues with translations of the Miranda Rights into Spanish that have led federal appellate courts to rule them inadmissible in district courts. The appellate courts specifically cited their reasoning that these translations were “af-

The legal system is an extremely complex system with varying rules of law. Understanding the nuances and levels of complexity, without the benefit of a Juris Doctorate, can be an impossible task. Every day, thousands of people take part in the legal system. Examples include everything from minor traffic violations to serious offenses such as burglaries or even homicides. Many Americans are witnesses, victims, culprits, plaintiffs, or defendants. Americans also serve in the system such as judges, lawyers, bailiffs, law en- When an arrested Deaf person either reads the forcement officers, court reporters, jurors, and even writtenEnglishtextversionoftheMirandaRights sign language interpreters. or watches an interpreted version by an ASL in-

The lingo in the American terpreter,the interpretation is not a standard ASL legal system is designed to communicate legal ter- translation,whichmaymeanthattheDeafperson minology we do not often does not fully understand their rights. adopt in daily conversation. That is why attorneys or legal representatives are uti- firmatively misleading” and did “not satisfy Miranda’s striclized - people who are very familiar with the legal system tures” (Hardymon, 2016). When an arrested Deaf person and its terminology. The National Association of the Deaf either reads the written English text version of the Miranda (NAD) states, “Deaf and hard of hearing individuals face Rights or watches an interpreted version by an ASL intergreater legal challenges due to communication barriers that preter, the interpretation is not a standard ASL translation, www.rid.org

37

which may mean that the Deaf person does not fully under- by the Fifth and Sixth Amendment are lacking. There is a stand their rights. Without full comprehension, they cannot need for constant conversation in the Deaf community simcarefully deliberate whether to respond to questions or pro- ply because it is not often talked about. It is one of the most

Sign language interpreters are in a privileged position to recognize when Deaf people are in disadvantaged situations. vide information to law enforcement officials. Both reading written text and watching an ASL interpreted version of the Miranda Rights may be deemed inadequate for some Deaf people. Only a small percentage of Deaf people can read at the 6th-8th grade level of reading ability required to understand the Miranda Rights (Andrews, 2007; PERF). And remember ASL has only a few standard legal terms.

You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to an attorney. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be provided for you. Do you understand the rights I have just read to you? With these rights in mind, do you wish to speak to me? (MirandaWarning.org) A Deaf person in the interrogation room is not receiving a standard English version of the Miranda Rights, but rather an interpretation by the sign language interpreter. When a detective asks a Deaf person suspected of committing a serious crime if they want to answer questions, a “yes” response may or may not be from a place of understanding.

The person may not realize a self-incriminating statement has ensued. The Deaf person may not have fully understood the Miranda Rights interpretation by the interpreter. The interpreter may not have been allowed to interrupt the interrogation process and advocate or explain their role. The interpreter sometimes needs to repeat their interpretation one or two more times in different ways with emphasis on important points. Some areas of emphasis may be, “Do you know what this means? If you allow yourself to tell the police what happened, then they might use your statement as evidence to share with the court (admissible evidence) and you may be guilty of it?” After clarifying the interpretation, the Deaf person could change their mind and remain silent throughout the custodial interrogation. Awareness of the Miranda Rights and the basic constitutional rights as protected

important civil rights vested to each individual.

The Midwest Center on Law and the Deaf (MCLD) began providing services in 2002 to help bridge the gap between the Deaf community and the justice system in the Midwestern states (personal interview). This was done by connecting Deaf communities with attorneys and advocating for their rights, including the right to have an interpreter. MCLD also produced a DVD called “Your Day in Court,” which educated and helped Deaf consumers understand court proceedings. Unfortunately, MCLD was closed in 2015 (personal interview). In 2011, Helping Educate to Advance the Rights of Deaf Communities (HEARD) was founded to assist Deaf incarcerated individuals with access issues, educate the Deaf community about the law and current legal issues, and investigate possible wrongful conviction cases.

Some cases were a result of erroneous translations, misinterpretations, and miscommunications between Deaf individuals and their interpreters (HEARD).

Deaf people are at a disadvantage with the complexity of the legal system and the communication barriers that exist.

Deaf individuals with intersectional backgrounds, including but not limited to DeafBlind and Deaf-disabled, face greater legal challenges because of additional layers of accessibility barriers, not just the communication barriers they face.

Self-advocacy is one thing, but understanding the complexity of one’s legal rights is another. A Deaf person’s constitutional rights do not always mean justice will be served when they do not fully understand the legal system.

Sign language interpreters are in a privileged position to recognize when Deaf people are in disadvantaged situations.

Interpreters can prevent wrong moves and head off serious

Are we, collectively as a community, responsible for ensuring Deaf people’s civil rights are protected from self-incrimination as provided by the Fifth Amendment?

38

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

negative consequences for Deaf people in legal situations.

Legal ASL interpreters are obliged to ensure they facilitate receptive and expressive communication accurately and effectively for all parties involved in an impartial manner. Are Legal ASL interpreters also obliged to ensure that Deaf people’s legal rights are protected (whether victims, witnesses, or culprits)? If an interpreter recognizes that a Deaf person is in a disadvantaged situation, for example, should they discourage accepting a plea deal until the Deaf person fully understands the legal implications? Sign language interpreters are expected to answer subpoenas and can be challenged in court by a Deaf person or their attorney based on the accuracy of their interpretations. Are we, collectively as a community, responsible for ensuring Deaf people’s civil rights are protected from self-incrimination as provided by the Fifth Amendment? What ideally are the best practices in this situation? Should a group of legal interpreters, attorneys, Deaf linguists, and various Deaf people of intersectional backgrounds come together to discuss and develop best practices for ASL interpretation in legal settings? Could there be an ASL dictionary, fully equipped with legal terminology, circulated through social media to schools and communities until legal jargon becomes standardized? The conversation should continue in both Deaf and interpreting communities, conferences, articles, and blogs. While you read this article on your smartphone or tablet waiting to meet a fellow sign language interpreter, you should begin thinking of ways to discuss with your team the best approach to translating the Miranda warning. These conversations should happen despite the lack of currently standardized interpretations for the Miranda Rights.

References ABC7. (February 12, 2012). Legal center for deaf loses money, could shut down. Retrieved from https://abc7chicago.com/archive/8540841/ Andrews, J. F. (2007). The Bill of Rights, Due Process and the Deaf Suspect/Defendant. Journal of Interpretation, 9-35. Retrieved from https://njdc.info/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/ Bill-of-Rights-Due-Process-and-the-Deaf-Suspect-DefendentsJOI-2007.pdf Anton, M. (November 3, 2003). You Have the Right to a Sign Language Expert. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved from http://articles.latimes.com/2003/nov/14/local/me-onthelaw14

^

Hardymon, N.R. (2016). Protecting Non-Native English Speakers from Self-Incrimination. Kentucky Law Journal.

Retrieved from http://www.kentuckylawjournal.org/index. php/2016/11/19/protecting-non-native-english-speakers-from-self-incrimination/ HEARD. (n.d.). History. Helping Educate to Advance the Rights of Deaf Communities. Retrieved from https://behearddc.org/ about-us/history/ MirandaWarning.org. (n.d). What Are Your Miranda Rights?

Retrieved from http://www.mirandawarning.org/whatareyourmirandarights.html NAD. (n.d.). Justice. National Association of the Deaf. Retrieved from http://nad.s1001.sureserver.com/issues/justice Police Executive Research Forum (PERF). (n.d.). Miranda and the Deaf Suspect. Abstract. National Criminal Justice Reference Service. Retrieved from https://www.ncjrs.gov/App/publications/abstract.aspx?ID=154924 Potterveld, T. (July 27, 2016). Scales of Justice: Legal Ramifications for Sign Language Interpreters. Street Leverage. Retrieved from https://streetleverage.com/2016/07/scales-justice-legal-ramifications-sign-language-interpreters/ Washington, S.M. (September 9, 2016). Miranda rights are meaningless if they are mistranslated. Retreived from https://www.smwashingtonlaw.com/blog/2016/09/miranda-rights-are-meaningless-if-they-are-mistranslated.shtml

5

Benro Ogunyipe, MPA Benro Ogunyipe is a Senior Accessibility Specialist for the Illinois Department of Human Services in Chicago, Illinois. He has served as president, vice president, and also as chair of the board of National Black Deaf Advocates, Inc. from 2007 to 2013. In 2014 and again in 2016, U.S. President Barack Obama appointed Benro to the National Council on Disability. Benro was also appointed by three different Illinois Governors to public bodies. He is a current board member of the National Association of the Deaf. Benro earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Gallaudet University and a Master of Public Administration (MPA) degree from DePaul University.

What did you think of this article? Send your feedback to the authors/editors by clicking here!

www.rid.org//views-may-articlefeedback/

www.rid.org

39

Found in Translation: Where ASL and GoReact Merge

By Ku Mei Butler Kern

COLUMN

: t c a f Fun

GoReact was never intended to teach sign language. Really, it wasn’t. In fact GoReact software started out as a public speaking coaching tool. A professor invented GoReact as a way to critique presentations and rid the world of terrible presenters. As it so happened, it was also the perfect tool to help interpreters and ASL users be awesome.

Ku Mei Butler Kern, MA, CI and CT— Provo, UT

Ku Mei grew up with Deaf parents who used American Sign Language as their primary language. She has been a professional sign language interpreter for the last 20 years, interpreting in K-12, university, medical, mental health, judicial, job training, and other business settings.

While interpreting, Ku Mei also managed a sign language interpreting agency in Utah and Nevada and established her own agency in Hawaii. She has also taught her native language at the elementary, high school, college, and community levels. Ku Mei’s degrees include a bachelor’s in Human Services Management and a master’s in ASL Teaching. She loves the outdoors, exotic vacations, and her twelve-year old daughter and cat.

YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/qEGVlv3OuZ0

40

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

How It All Started The lucky person who figured this out was an ASL interpreting professor from the University of South Florida (USF). In the early 2000s, Professor Andrea Smith was already using video to coach her students—but the method was far from easy.

Her students recorded their interpreting on jump drives, then Smith spent hours watching all the submissions, hand writing feedback, then calling in each individual student to review the feedback in person. Each 15-minute video required two hours of work. But without those two hours and the in-person conference, Smith’s students rarely understood their feedback well enough to make lasting changes.

Without that in-person conference piece, this entire 2-hour process wasn’t worth anything. And even when the students improved, this jump-drives-and-paper approach was tedious and way too time-consuming to be worth it.

By comparison, GoReact sounded incredible. Smith found GoReact at a communication conference and instantly knew it was the answer to the challenges she was facing. Recording student videos in the cloud? Time-stamped feedback?

Students reviewing that feedback on their own and seeing exactly what to change? All of it sounded amazing, but there were two things GoReact needed to be perfect for interpreting programs.

on students, and the result is meaningful changes and steady improvement. When an instructor’s feedback is seen and understood, it creates a strong foundation for students to build and continue building new skills all the way into their professional careers.

Openness to feedback—One of the best professional skills any student can learn is how to accept feedback gracefully and be flexible. The entire process of using GoReact is centered on receiving feedback and applying it, which gives students valuable experience receiving criticism based on solid data and video evidence. All of this helps students become open to changes and comfortable with critique.

The first was video commenting so educators could leave comments in ASL. The second was the stimulus activity model, which allows students to play a video and record their response to that video (or their interpreting) side by side.

With these new features, GoReact was ready to enter the Ownership of learning—It’s an uphill battle persuading stusign language education space and change it forever. dents to engage with the material and not rely on the teacher’s instructions 100% of the time. But a great side-effect of GoReact is that it helps students take ownership of their So why do GoReact and ASL make such a great pair? own development in the language. The result? GoReact alWell for starters they’re both visual. ASL students need to lows them to proactively watch their videos, make changes see examples to get better (Quinto-Pozos, 2011), and Go- on their own, and record themselves as many times as they React makes that possible. Not only can instructors leave want. comments in ASL, they can also create a full-immersion ex- On top of all of this, one last reason video feedback works is perience in the classroom where they’re teaching, testing, because it provides immediate feedback in the cloud—even if and giving feedback in the target language of ASL. Beyond that feedback is given asynchronously. This type of immedithat, here are some of the many other reasons GoReact acy makes it not only easy but highly effective to teach ASL works so well for interpreting: online, something many teachers still don’t believe is possi-

Self-assessment— One of the most useful things about Go- ble. Research from Dr. Curt Radford, M.Ed., has found the React in the classroom is how easily it inspires self-reflection. Watching yourself sign is always uncomfortable, but once students watch themselves on video, inevitably they start making changes and comparing their signs to their instructors’. This is hands down the best way for students to identify errors, assess other students, and master sign language. All of these habits encourage the development of lifelong self-assessment skills.

Real world application— It’s one thing to tell a student

how to sign something. It’s another thing to show them how in practice. GoReact’s markers and customizable rubrics are a great way to tag videos and show students real-time examples of how they’re doing. Then it’s far easier for them to apply what they’re learning in class to real interpreting and ASL conversations. This kind of application is the key to great interpreting skills.

Strong scaffolding— I’ve discovered time and time again

same thing (Radford & Legler, 2012).

With tools like GoReact closing the feedback gap in online education, ASL is now something anyone can learn, no matter where they are. For me, that’s the most exciting part of GoReact’s influence on interpretation instruction: the spreading reach of high-quality programs means that more people than ever have the opportunity to learn ASL. That is victory.

5

References Quinto-Pozos, D. (2011). Teaching American Sign Language to Hearing Adult Learners. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 31, 137158. doi:10.1017/S0267190511000195 Radford, C. & Legler, N. (July 6, 2012). Exploring the Efficacy of Online ASL Instruction Using Canvas. Presentation at Utah State University. Retrieved from https://vimeo.com/45325373.

that video feedback sticks. The visuals make an impression

^

What did you think of this article? Send your feedback to the authors/editors by clicking here!

www.rid.org//views-may-articlefeedback/

www.rid.org

41

FEATURE YOUTUBE LINK: https://youtu.be/lvWRzZnmEsQ

Com pe

n o i s i Inte v e rpreting R

By Jaime Fatรกs-Cabeza Signed by Pamela Wright, M.A., M.Ed.

Trilingual Article 42

on

&

s

l a ti

n i e T c r n an et

VIEWS Volume 36 โ ข Issue 1

English

Developing Theoretical and Practical Competence in Translation1 and Interpreting Revision

This article offers analysis, tips, and references for interpreters, translators and cross-cultural communicators interested in developing theoretical and practical competence in translation revision.

Interpreters and translators are constantly considering what the right target language equivalent is for a given term and in a given situation. What is the best corresponding term for “comfort care” or “due process of law” in a given context? And for “wheeziness,” “pleading,” “insight,” “serendipitous,” or “bully”? How do I proceed when the receiver answers, “I don’t understand,” or a participant orders, “do not interpret this”?

for the provision of quality services. Thus, the combination of theory and practical experience provides a solid basis for the development of expertise and skill required for justified revision of translation and interpreting work.

Models for Translation Competence (TC) Assessment

There are different models for the assessment of translation competence (TC), based on different paradigms, set by different authors and schools of thought. Modern and contemporary theories explore the decisions made by the translator and the responses they elicit in the audience to determine the best strategies and techniques for transferring original content.2

We reflexively do our best to find a suitable course of action, but questions abound - should I interpret literally and exclusively what I see/hear? Do I conserve form and register or do I engage in adaptation? Do I offer an explanation? Do I refuse to obey? Self-awareness and reflection are the first steps to quality control, but the combination of theoretical Juliane House in her functional-pragmatic model of transpreparation and professional experience are the sure path lation criticism prioritizes the preservation of “meaning” to reliable resolution of the demanding questions posed by across languages. For her, translation.

Translations are conceived as texts that are doubly conTheory and Practice Are Important for Translation strained: by their originals and by the recipient’s comCompetence and Revision municative conditions. This is the basis of the “equivalent relation”[…] Equivalence is the fundamental The theoretical study of translation is necessary to undercriterion of translation quality. (House, 2001) stand the inter-relational complexities inherent to the transfer of content between languages. Analysis and scientific Translation can then be defined as the replacement of a methodology allow the formulation of models and proposals text in the source language by a semantically and pragto establish reliable translation procedures and develop a matically equivalent text in the target language and an good technique. However, for translators and interpretadequate translation is a pragmatically semantically ers in service-oriented industries such as healthcare, legal, equivalent one. (House, 2017) and social services, where access depends on establishing a rapport and providing functional, “usable” translation and Translation Revision Competence: interpretation access, professional experience of the real Models and Requirements world, a dialogic disposition, strategic and interpersonal competence are as important as theory, and indispensable When engaging in translation revision competence, models of quality assessment are useful because they provide a re-

1. I am using the term “translation” in a general sense that includes interpreting because it is the established term. The term “translation” also describes a spatial phenomenon, the process and result of moving something from one place to another; “interpretation” describes a mental process, an explanation. I wish that “Interpreting” or “Interpretation” were the established name for this field for its semantic accuracy, precedence in time, and widespread use among both literate and non-literate societies.

2. For recent models for TC see House’s and Pym’s works cited in the References. Pym’s Exploring Translation Theories offers a compact analysis of the core contemporary paradigms of Western translation theory, very useful for self-study. I am not aware of a similar work for non-Western theory. www.rid.org

43

Important Concepts and Considerations A clear understanding and operationalization of core concepts is fundamental to set priorities for revision and quality control, and to avoid turning translation into a different task.

liable template for systematic comparison. There is a considerable canon of research related to translation competence (TC).

However, interest in translation revision competence (TRC) as a research field is recent and has produced a limited number of models.3 Below I offer some general considerations of a practical nature.

surrounding the concept of revision.”8 There is no “consensus about its object of study and therefore about its terminology.”9 For instance, “competence,” “proficiency,” and “skills,” are terms that are often mixed up.10 Competence

Competence encompasses knowledge, skills, and attitudes.

The reviewer must be skilled in the analysis and operation of different equivalence frameworks that encompass semantic, pragmatic, and textual aspects in the source and target languages. These will likely include the analysis of linguistic • Equivalence units (conventional, intuitive, and interpretative elements), • Directionality response-based (behavioral) elements, and discourse analy• Linkage/relationsis (contextual, situational, and cultural factors), including Revision ship the translation’s purpose, function, and role (descriptive, • Genre, field, tenor, The European Quality operative, emotive, etc.) within a given situation, system, or Standard for Translation community, which may require cultural and sociopolitical and mode Service Providers defines analysis.

• Overt/covert revision4 (TR) as the retranslation vision of a translation by It is best to avoid making unnecessary changes and readi• Role, function, and someone other than the ly provide convincing, technical justifications for changes purpose translator. The standard made. If necessary, make a reasonable effort to establish • Strategic defines review as, “exam- direct communication with the author of the translation or competency ining a translation for its interpretation, or with clients to consult and discuss rele• Double limitation suitability for the agreed vant topics, and show willingness to improve interpersonal • Variable demands purpose, and respect for relationships. the conventions of the do- The Role of the Brief The online version offers the main to which it belongs full text with detailed deand recommending cor- When submitting text for translation, clients should provide a brief that outlines the purpose and audience of the rective measures.”5 scriptions of these terms! document. Reviewers must pay close attention to this inTR has been an established formation, which together with the features of the text will sub-discipline in translation studies (TS) since the 1990s.6 determine the best strategic approach to translation (overt Mossop proposes the following definition of revision: v. covert, literal v. conceptual/sense-based, conservation v.

Revising is that function of professional translators in adaptation, etc.). With all of this in mind, the following is which they identify features of the draft translation that a general protocol for translation revision applicable to alfall short of what is acceptable and make appropriate most any situation: corrections and improvements. (2007, 109)7

Before you start, review the brief and carefully assess the Conceptual interferences with other disciplines such as crit- situation or function to be performed. Think about what ical thinking and writing studies convey “a halo of fuzziness could be the best possible strategy. When facing a problematic topic or term, think about the possible equivalents 3. Consult the References section for House’s and Robert’s models for TC and TRC and Pym’s model of TC in the digital age, including translation revision.

4. Revising and review are terms used as well in the literature.

5. http://qualitystandard.bs.en-15038.com/ Accessed March 26, 2019.

6. Robert (2016), p. 1.

7. As cited in Robert, p. 4.

8. Ibid.

9. Ibid.

10. Pym, A. (2013). “Translation Skill-Sets in a Machine-Translation Age.” P. 499. Meta 58 (3): 487–503.

44

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

in the target language, including those that closely conserve both formal and conceptual elements (these will be the best options for terms belonging to “frozen” or static registers in situations where there are precise and established equivalents, such as in legal or religious settings). Then, after considering your ethical (codes and canons), procedural (requirements specific to the setting, employer, or client), and

can greatly increase speed and consistency, improve quality and generate more income, as well as reduce repetitious manual tasks that can lead to debilitating conditions. Today, these tools are indispensable to remain competitive. However, they have shortcomings. They are unsuitable for literary or colloquial texts rich in connotative, figurative, non-standard usage and culturally-bound items (which may require adaptation). They should not We reflexively do our best to find a suitable course of ac- be used to replace translators tion, but questions abound - should I interpret literally and but to assist them.

exclusively what I see/hear? Do I conserve form and register Revision does not receive as or do I engage in adaptation? Do I offer an explanation? much attention in interpreting practical (time, availability of resources and people, pragmatics) obligations, decide what is the best translation strategy: conservation (render the element in a verbatim manner conserving form and content), adaptation (make changes as required by the specific circumstances of that situation, including the possibility of changing register, paraphrasing, explicitation—when there are manifest cultural and/ or literacy differences or deficiencies, or disabilities—, or consultation or disclosure protocols.11 Then proceed with translation/interpreting.

Experienced professional translators and interpreters streamline and internalize these processes, and often perform this analysis on the spot - but, when facing difficult terms or situations, slow down and engage in evaluation and consultation in order to get the best possible result. Engaging in metacognitive activity (awareness of your own thought processes and the ability to control them) is also very helpful for self-monitoring and minimizing circumstances that may be conducive to error.

as it does in translation due to the fleeting and fragmented nature of speech and the limited possibilities for correction available to interpreters. However, self-awareness, self-listening/watching, constructive feedback and support from-and-to team partners and clients, and watching other interpreters can be very useful for performance improvement. Audio and video recording are particularly useful for interpreters. Careful observation of key performance aspects (accent, speed, clarity, diction, rhythm, choice of vocabulary/sign, volume or amplitude of gestures, facial expression, body posture, accuracy, etc.), together with critical analysis and the incorporation of results into one’s own professional routines—through study and sustained practice—make a world of difference.

In summary, professional translation revision, like translation and interpretation, is a multifaceted and demanding editorial procedure and is indispensable in the quest for quality. Due to its demands, it requires the application of considerable practical and theoretical knowledge to the assessment of issues and situations so they can be addressed efficiently. Reviewers are quality control experts that strive Technology and Revision to guarantee the highest degree of equivalence in translation, while considering situational and strategic facTechnology plays an ever more important role in produc- tors. tion, research, revision, and quality control for translators and interpreters alike. It is indispensable for research and Full article text including descriptions of important localization. Translation-applied technology is coming of concepts and considerations: age very quickly, propelled by massive computer power, big www.rid.org/competence-in-translation-and-interpretdata, machine learning methods, and access to linguistic and ing-revision/ translation corpora, among other developments. Automatic translators and computer assisted translation tools (CATs) Author bio and references page 49 are now commonplace. Properly used, these technologies

g

11. Consult the References section for House’s and Robert’s models for TC and TRC and Pym’s model of TC in the digital age, including translation revision.

^

What did you think of this article? Send your feedback to the authors/editors by clicking here!

www.rid.org//views-may-articlefeedback/

www.rid.org

45

Español

Desarrollo de la pericia teórica y práctica para la revisión de traducciones1 e interpretaciones

Este artículo ofrece análisis, consejos y referencias para intérpretes, traductores y comunicadores interculturales interesados en desarrollar sus conocimientos teóricos y prácticos para la revisión de traducciones e interpretaciones.

Los intérpretes y traductores están constantemente considerando cuál es el equivalente correcto en la lengua de llegada para un término dado en una situación dada. ¿Cuál es el término correspondiente más adecuado para "atención paliativa" o "tutela judicial efectiva" en un contexto determinado? ¿Y para "sibilancia", "alegato", "perspicacia", "serendipia" o "matón"? ¿Cómo proceder cuando el receptor responde "No entiendo" o cuando un participante ordena "No traduzca/interprete esto"?

real. Pero no basta. Por ejemplo, hay traductores e intérpretes que proveen servicios –médicos, legales, etc.- en que el acceso depende del establecimiento de una relación y de la provisión de un acceso funcional y "aprovechable" a los servicios de traducción e interpretación. En tales casos, que son frecuentes, la experiencia profesional del mundo real, una disposición dialógica y la aptitud estratégica e interpersonal son tan importantes como la teoría, e indispensables para la prestación de un servicio de calidad. Así, la combinación de la teoría y la experiencia práctica proporciona una Reflexivamente, hacemos todo lo posible para encontrar base sólida para el desarrollo de los conocimientos y habiliuna manera de proceder adecuada, pero abundan las dudas: dades necesarios para una revisión justificada del trabajo de ¿Debo interpretar literal y exclusivamente lo que veo/es- traducción e interpretación. cucho? ¿Conservo la forma y el registro o los adapto? ¿Ofrezco una explicación? ¿Me niego a obedecer? La autocon- Modelos para la evaluación de la pericia en la traducción ciencia y la reflexión son los primeros pasos para el control (PT) de calidad, pero la combinación de la preparación teórica y la experiencia profesional son el camino seguro hacia una Existen diferentes modelos para la evaluación de la pericia resolución fiable de las exigentes cuestiones planteadas por en la traducción (translation competence, TC), basados en diferentes paradigmas, establecidos por diferentes autores la traducción. y escuelas de pensamiento. Las teorías modernas y contemTanto la teoría como la práctica son importantes para la poráneas exploran las decisiones tomadas por el traductor pericia en la traducción y en la revisión y las respuestas que estas provocan en la audiencia para determinar las mejores estrategias y técnicas para transferir el El estudio teórico de la traducción es necesario para entender contenido original.2 las complejidades relacionales inherentes a la transferencia de contenidos entre lenguas. El análisis y el método científi- Juliane House, en su modelo funcional y pragmático de co permiten la formulación de modelos y propuestas para es- crítica de la traducción, da prioridad a la preservación del tablecer procedimientos de traducción fiables y desarrollar "significado" en todas las lenguas participantes. Para ella, una buena técnica. Sin embargo, para los traductores e inLas traducciones se conciben como textos doblemente térpretes de las industrias que proveen servicios —médicos, limitados: por los originales y por las condiciones comulegales y sociales, por ejemplo—en que el acceso depende nicativas del destinatario. Esta es la base de la "relación del establecimiento de una relación y de la provisión de un equivalente" [...] La equivalencia es el criterio fundaacceso funcional y "aprovechable" a los servicios de traducmental de calidad en la traducción.3 (House, 2001) ción e interpretación, la experiencia profesional del mundo 1. Uso el término "traducción" en un sentido general, porque es el término establecido que incluye la interpretación. El término "traducción" es sinónimo de translación, término que describe un fenómeno espacial, el proceso y el resultado de mover algo de un lugar a otro. El término "interpretación" describe un proceso mental, una explicación. Yo preferiría que "interpretación" fuera el nombre establecido para este campo por su precisión semántica, precedencia temporal y uso generalizado tanto en sociedades alfabetizadas como no alfabetizadas.

2. Hay modelos recientes de TC en las obras de House y Pym citadas en las Referencias. Pym en su Exploring Translation Theories ofrece un análisis compacto de los principales paradigmas contemporáneos de la teoría de la traducción en Occidente, muy útil para el autoestudio. No tengo conocimiento de un compendio similar sobre teoría no occidental.

46 VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

La traducción puede definirse entonces como la sustitución de un texto en la lengua de partida por un texto equivalente semántica y pragmáticamente en la lengua de llegada, y una traducción adecuada es una traducción equivalente pragmático-semánticamente.4 (House, 2017)

nología".10 Por ejemplo, "pericia", "aptitud" y "habilidades" son términos que a menudo se confunden.11

Conceptos y consideraciones importantes Para establecer las prioridades para la revisión y el control de calidad y para evitar convertir la traducción en una tarea diferente de lo que debe ser, la comprensión clara y la puesta en práctica de los conceptos básicos son fundamentales.

Pericia Pericia en la revisión de la traducción (PRT): modelos y La pericia abarca el conrequisitos ocimiento, las habili• La equivalencia Cuando se lleva a cabo la revisión pericial de una traduc- dades y las actitudes. El ción, los modelos de evaluación de la calidad son útiles revisor debe ser experto • Lafidelidad,latransparencia, la (in)visibilidad porque proporcionan un patrón fiable para la comparación en el análisis y funciosistemática. Existe un considerable número de trabajos de namiento de diferentes • La direccionalidad investigación sobre la pericia en la traducción. Sin embargo, marcos de equivalencia • La vinculación, la relación el interés en la pericia en la revisión de la traducción (trans- que abarcan aspectos lation revision competence, TRC) como campo de investi- semánticos, pragmáti- • El género,el campo,el tenor y el modo gación es reciente y ha producido un número limitado de cos y textuales en las 5 modelos. A continuación ofrezco algunas consideraciones lenguas de partida y de • La traducción explícita o patente y la traducción generales de carácter práctico. llegada. Estos aspectos encubierta probablemente incluirán Revisión el análisis de unidades • El rol, la función y el En la norma europea de calidad para servicios de traducción, lingüísticas (elementos propósito la revisión se define como el “examen de una traducción re- convencionales, intuiti- • La pericia estratégica specto a su adecuación a la finalidad prevista, cotejo de los vos e interpretativos), textos de origen y de destino, y recomendación de las cor- elementos basados en • La doble limitación (conduc- • Las exigencias variables recciones pertinentes”,6 que lleva a cabo alguien que no sea respuestas la persona traductora. La revisión de la traducción (trans- tuales) y análisis del dislation review, TR) ha sido una subdisciplina establecida en curso (factores contex¡La versión en línea ofrece el texto los estudios de traducción (translation studies, TS) desde la tuales, situacionales y completo con descripciones detaldécada de 1990.7 Mossop propone la siguiente definición culturales), incluidos el ladas de estos términos! propósito, la función y de revisión: el papel de la traducción La revisión es esa función de los traductores profesio- (descriptivo, operativo, emotivo, etc.) dentro de una deternales en la que identifican las características del borra- minada situación, sistema o comunidad, que puede requerir dor de la traducción que no son aceptables y hacen las un análisis cultural y sociopolítico. correcciones y mejoras apropiadas. (2007, P. 109)8 Es mejor evitar hacer cambios innecesarios y deben justifiLas interferencias conceptuales con otras disciplinas, como carse los cambios realizados con razones técnicas convinel pensamiento crítico y la escritura, transmiten "un halo de centes. Si es preciso, se debe hacer un esfuerzo razonable confusión en torno al concepto de revisión".9 No hay "con- para establecer una comunicación directa con el autor de senso sobre el objeto de estudio y, por tanto, sobre la termi- la traducción o interpretación, o con los clientes, para con3.Traducción del autor.

4.Traducción del autor.

5.Consultar la sección de Referencias para ver los modelos de House's y Robert's para TC y TRC y el modelo de Pym's de TC en la era digital, incluyendo la revisión de la traducción.

6.http://www.en-15038.com/ Cita obtenida el 27 de marzo de 2019.

7.Robert (2016), P. 1 8. Ibid, P. 4. Traducción del autor.

9. Ibid. Traducción del autor.

10. Ibid. Traducción del autor.

11. Pym, A. (2013) "Translation Skill-Sets in a Machine-Translation Age." P. 499. Meta 58 (3): 487-503 www.rid.org

47

sultar y tratar sobre temas relevantes, y mostrar voluntad de la velocidad y proceden a evaluar y consultar para obtener mejorar las relaciones interpersonales. el mejor resultado posible. Las actividades metacognitivas (conciencia sobre los propios procesos para el discernimienLa función de las instrucciones (the brief) to y su control) son también muy útiles para la autosuperAl enviar el texto para su traducción, los clientes deben pro- visión y para minimizar las circunstancias que puedan proporcionar instrucciones que describan el propósito y la au- ducir errores. diencia del documento. Los revisores deben prestar mucha Tecnología y revisión atención a esta información, que junto con las características del texto determinará la mejor estrategia para la traduc- La tecnología desempeña un papel cada vez más imporción (explícita-encubierta, literal-conceptual/basada en el tante en la producción, investigación, revisión y control sentido, conservación- adaptación, etc.). Con todo esto en de calidad, tanto para traductores como para intérpretes. mente, ofrezco a continuación un protocolo general para la Es indispensable para la investigación y la localización. La revisión de traducciones aplicable casi a cualquier situación: tecnología aplicada a la traducción está madurando muy rápidamente, impulsada por la enorme potencia de los ordeAntes de comenzar, revise el resumen y evalúe cuidadosa- nadores, las grandes bases de datos, los métodos de aprenmente la situación o función a desempeñar. Piense en cuál dizaje automático y el acceso a los corpus lingüísticos y de puede ser la mejor estrategia. Cuando se enfrente a un tema traducción, entre otros avances. Los traductores automátio término problemático, piense en los posibles equivalentes cos y las herramientas de traducción asistida por ordenador en la lengua de llegada, incluyendo los que conserven fiel- (computer assisted translation, CAT) son ahora habituales. mente tanto elementos formales como conceptuales (estos Si se utilizan correctamente, estas tecnologías pueden auserán las mejores opciones para los términos pertenecienmentar considerablemente la y la coherencia, meReflexivamente, hacemos todo lo posible para encontrar una manera de velocidad jorar la calidad y generar más proceder adecuada, pero abundan las dudas: ¿Debo interpretar literal y ingresos, así como reducir las exclusivamente lo que veo/escucho? ¿Conservo la forma y el registro o los tareas manuales repetitivas que pueden producir lesiones adapto? ¿Ofrezco una explicación? debilitantes. Hoy, estas herramientas son indispensables tes a registros solemnes, rituales o estáticos en situaciones para mantenerse competitivo. Sin embargo, tienen serias en las que hay equivalentes precisos y establecidos, como deficiencias. No son adecuadas para los textos literarios en los ámbitos judicial o religioso). Luego, tras consider- o coloquiales ricos en usos connotativos, figurativos, no ar las obligaciones éticas (códigos y cánones), de proced- normalizados y con elementos culturales peculiares (que imiento (normas de actuación específicas con entornos, pueden requerir una adaptación). No deben utilizarse para empleadores y clientes) y prácticas (tiempo, disponibilidad sustituir a los traductores, sino para ayudarlos. de recursos y personas, pragmática), decida cuál es la mejor estrategia de traducción: conservación (traducir de mane- La revisión no recibe tanta atención en la interpretación ra literal conservando la forma y el contenido), adaptación como en la traducción debido a la naturaleza fugaz y frag(hacer los cambios requeridos por las circunstancias espe- mentada del habla y a las limitadas posibilidades de corcíficas de esa situación, incluyendo la posibilidad de cambiar rección de que disponen los intérpretes. Sin embargo, la de registro, parafrasear, explicitar—cuando haya diferencias autoconciencia, la autoescucha/observación, la retroalio deficiencias manifiestas en la cultura y/o la alfabetización, mentación constructiva y la observación y el apoyo a otros o discapacidades—, o protocolos de consulta o revelación.12 intérpretes y a los clientes pueden ser medidas muy eficacA continuación, proceda con la traducción/interpretación. es para mejorar la prestación profesional. La grabación de audio y video es especialmente útil para los intérpretes. La Los traductores e intérpretes profesionales con experien- observación cuidadosa de los aspectos clave del rendimiento cia racionalizan e internalizan estos procesos, y a menudo (acento, velocidad, claridad, dicción, ritmo, elección de vorealizan este análisis sobre el terreno. No obstante, cuando cabulario/signo, volumen o amplitud del gesto, expresión se enfrentan a términos o situaciones difíciles, disminuyen 12. Los textos de House y de Robert en la sección de Referencias incluyen modelos de TC y TRC, y el de Pym incluye un modelo de TC para la era digital, que contiene revisión de la traducción.

48

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

facial, postura corporal, precisión, etc.), además del análisis crítico y la incorporación de los resultados a las rutinas profesionales pueden —mediante el estudio y la práctica regular—marcar la diferencia.

References/Referencias House, J. (2017). Translation: The Basics. Routledge.

En resumen, la revisión profesional de la traducción, al igual que la traducción y la interpretación, es un procedimiento editorial multifacético y exigente, y es indispensable en la búsqueda de la calidad. Debido a sus exigencias, requiere aplicar conocimientos prácticos y teóricos considerables a la evaluación de problemas y situaciones para su resolución eficiente. Las profesionales que se dedican a la revisión son expertas en control de calidad que se esfuerzan por garantizar el más alto grado de equivalencia en la traducción, teniendo en cuenta factores situacionales y estratégicos.

House, J. (2001). Translation Quality Assessment: Linguistic Description versus Social Evaluation. Meta. Volume 46, numéro 2.

House, J. (2015). Translation quality assessment: past and present.

Routledge.

Nord, C. (2018). Translating as a Purposeful Activity: Functionalist Approaches Explained, 2nd edition. Routledge.

Pym, A. (2014). Exploring Translation Theories. Routledge; 2nd edition.

Pym, A. (2013). “Translation Skill-Sets in a Machine-Translation Age.” Meta 58 (3): 487–503.

Robert, I. et al. (2016). Towards a model of translation revision competence. The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 11:1, 1-19.

Texto completo del artículo con descripciones de con- Venuti, L. (2017). The Translator’s Invisibility: A History of Translation. Routledge. ceptos y consideraciones importantes: www.rid.org/competence-in-translation-and-interpreting-revision/

5

Author Bio:

Biografía del autor

Jaime Fatás-Cabeza Associate Professor of the Practice, Director of Translation and Interpretation Department of Spanish and Portuguese University of Arizona US Court Certified Interpreter Certified Healthcare Interpreter™

Jaime Fatás Cabeza Profesor Asociado de la Práctica, Director de Traducción e Interpretación Departamento de Español y Portugués Universidad de Arizona Intérprete certificado por la Administración de Justicia de los Estados Unidos Intérprete médico certificado por CCHI

Jaime Fatás-Cabeza is Associate Professor of the Practice and Director of the undergraduate program in healthcare and legal interpreting and translation at the Spanish and Portuguese Department at the University of Arizona, where he also teaches medical Spanish to doctors in the Emergency, Family, Internal, and Behavioral medicine departments.

He is certified as a legal interpreter (Eng/Spa) by the United States Courts and as a medical interpreter by the Certification Commission for Healthcare Interpreters (CCHI), where he also serves as a commissioner. He is a member of the Trainer of Trainers Committee of the National Council for Interpreting and Healthcare (NCIHC). Jaime is a published translator and author.

^

Jaime Fatás-Cabeza es profesor asociado de práctica y director del programa de grado en interpretación y traducción legal y médica en el Departamento de Español y Portugués de la Universidad de Arizona, donde también enseña español médico a médicos de los departamentos de Emergencia, Familia, Medicina Interna y Medicina del Comportamiento. Está certificado como intérprete legal (Esp/Ing) por la Administración de Justicia de los Estados Unidos y como intérprete médico por la Comisión para la Certificación de Intérpretes Médicos (CCHI, por sus siglas en inglés), de la que también es comisionado. Es miembro del Comité de Capacitación de Capacitadores del Consejo Nacional para la Interpretación Médica (NCIHC, por sus siglas en inglés).

Jaime ha publicado como autor y traductor.

¿Qué le ha parecido este artículo? ¡Haga clic aquí para enviar sus comentarios a l@s autor@s!

www.rid.org//views-may-articlefeedback/

www.rid.org

49

Holding Space & Giving Back

By Olivia Rowan, NIC Master

COLUMN YOUTUBE LINK: https://youtu.be/5FhqztxKuUQ

Allow me to introduce myself: I am Olivia Rowan, Certified Member of RID. I have lived all over the United States and worked in many different areas of the world. My mother and father are Deaf.

I

provided. This included 24/7 coverage for a month in the hospital. Let me mention that this amount was more than I ever earned on an annual basis when I was an interpreter there. What these interpreting agencies don’t know is that the reason they didn’t have to fight to provide coverage was To all interpreters, or those who are working towards be- because in 2013, that same hospital that my mother was at... coming an interpreter. Let me put this out there to you all. killed a part of my soul.

It is time for us all to check how our involvement in any assignment (no matter how brief) has an impact. Not just on In 2013, the hospital didn’t provide interpreter services the Deaf consumer... but everyone. Let me be real... let me 24/7 as they were legally required to and as my mother, father, and I had requested. I fought and fought and advobe brutally honest. cated... and still I had to interpret for my mother and father My mom passed away on 5 March—15 days after she found when the surgeon wanted to share the news that her stage out that the cancer that everyone had thought she had beat- I cancer was actually stage IV. According to the pathology en had spread and the only option was to get her into hos- report, cancer presented in the lymph nodes which automatpice and keep her as comfortable as possible. We had her ically upgrades cancer to stage IV. memorial service on 16 March.

Instead of suing the hospital, I entered into a contract with There were countless times (from May-February) that there the hospital to overhaul their communication and accessiwere interpreters at the hospital, doctors appointments, bility plans. I flew back to Mississippi from Maryland (more and surgeries with mom. My dad also had medical appoint- than a dozen times) to educate them on what needed to be ments and received interpreting services over the past year. done. I set up VRI services to fill in when they couldn’t get During the timeframe that my mom was battling cancer for live interpreters... I dragged this Mississippi hospital out of a second time, the interpreter agencies in the state (where the Dark Ages on my shoulders while I dealt with the trauma mom and dad lived) billed a TON of money for services their negligence had put me and my family through. was contacted by individuals who work for RID, after I made a Facebook post on the Reality of ASL Interpreting Facebook group. I was asked to share my story with the RID Membership. Here is the post I made in that group—

50

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

The reason I share all this backstory and history, is this— neither of the two agencies who profited from my mother’s illness even sent representatives to pay their respects at the memorial service. None of them. Oh, one of them said... call us if you need us, we will be happy to interpret the service. I did, and when I didn’t hear back I found another interpreter.

The other agency sent a text message after I informed them that my momma had passed.

Understand that holding space with people has an impact that is not based on audiological differences.

I will mention that I ultimately chose to request interpretation for my momma’s memorial from someone else in the community... because in a moment like my momma’s memorial, I should not have to worry about the quality of an interpreter’s skills or business practices. I didn’t want to have an interpreter who would “punch in/punch out on a time card,” and just come in and do a half-hearted job, by not appropriately voicing for my mother or my father. Giving some excuse that “They finger spell too much and it is really hard to understand fingerspelling,” or “You know medical terminology is really hard,” or “You know the hearing people don’t understand how this interpreting stuff works.” By not doing your job appropriately and not improving your craft, you treated my parents as if they were less than the amazing and intelligent people they are (and were) and by doing this also allowed others to treat them this way. You disempowered my family (including me) when your deficiencies in your comprehension of both ASL and English did not allow for true access to healthcare and the situations at hand. I had to step in and clarify on numerous occasions when interpreters on site misread, misunderstood, or chose to omit utterances because they were just too difficult to process.

When I had consumers who passed away, I made sure I showed up, or at least showed I cared (sent a card, flowers, food... something). To show that the person who passed meant something to me other than the money I made from interpreting for them. It wasn’t just a job for me... I held space with them... I held space with their families. I held space with the hearing persons in the assignment. I haven’t ever been in this profession for the money or the experiences. This is my community, this is my heritage, these are my people.

ed the memorial. My mom and dad’s primary care physician sent a representative. By doing that, they said, “Yes, we make a living off of your family, it is a necessary evil, but you are human, and we are human, and we wanted to pay respect to someone we held space with, because she deserves it and she made an impact on our lives.”

The amount of trust the Deaf community puts in us as interpreters can never be measured. We are “right there” in the most private of moments. We need to stop getting bent out of shape when consumers (Deaf or hearing) ask us to justify our ability to be involved in those moments. We need to stop getting bent out of shape when we (collectively as a profesI will say that the interpreter who was willing to interpret sion) are being called out for being money hungry. the memorial service was a beautiful match. My daddy even Yes, the work we do is HARD. Yes, we deserve to be paid for said... “Where you find her? She—ahhhhh. Easy signs on doing hard work, but at the same time, we need to give back the eyes.” I know you are in this group... you are amazing... to the community. That isn’t just supporting Deaf-owned I you... and we will get you certified! And to those of you businesses, or providing pro-bono services, or going to a who may think it is a CODA vs hearing interpreter thing... Deaf event every once in a while, or “I give back, I have Deaf it isn’t. The interpreter was not a CODA. My momma, who friends.” It means that we hold space with the community... was one of the most difficult people to please with interpret- we send a card of congratulations, of sorrow... we hold a look ing services, would have been PROUD! My momma had the of knowing and show we care about them. We show that they pleasure of having her as an interpreter in the past, and had are human, we are human, and that we all have an impact by nothing but wonderful things to say about her. holding space with each other.

Before anyone gets defensive and says something along the lines of, “Other professions/professionals don’t send representatives to these kind of things. The interactions stop at the door to the office,” I call your bluff. The surgeon, oncologist, radiologist and a representative from hospice attend-

^

G

Re-evaluate your position in this world. Understand that holding space with people has an impact that is not based on audiological differences. The choices you make, the jobs you take—they have an impact on more than those who are in the room while you try to hone your craft.

5

What did you think of this article? Send your feedback to the authors/editors by clicking here!

www.rid.org//views-may-articlefeedback/

www.rid.org

51

SELF-CARE Bu il

th

Yo

sel ur

id ng

g Relationship n o r t Wi aS

f

COLUMN YOUTUBE LINK: https://youtu.be/pknUSTFBACU

The one person you are guaranteed to spend your life with is you.

Breana Cross Hall, CI and CT CTACC Portland, Oregon Webinar Spotlight

Breana Hall holds her CI and CT from RID, B.S. in Interpretation from Western Oregon University and is a Certified Life Coach. She has led thousands of interpreters in preventing burnout and finding the passion again in their lives through developing habits of self-care. Brea is a native of Portland, Oregon, where she can usually be found writing, reading, or playing near water with her partner and kids.

YOUTUBE LINK: https://youtu.be/pknUSTFBACU 52

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

This most basic of truths is often overlooked, but can fundamentally improve the quality of your life and work. When you begin to prioritize the care of this one special relationship it enables you to experience more joy, give more of your authentic self, and have a greater mental and emotional stamina in your work as an interpreter and throughout your life. Self-care, at its core, is about actively strengthening this relationship with yourself.

What are the components to building a healthy relationship? Meredith Hansen, psychologist and relationship expert, gives us a framework for creating mutually-fulfilling connections with others. Trust, commitment, and vulnerability are the triad she teaches (qtd in Tartakovsky, 2018).

We can borrow this lens, and apply it to the relationship we are building with ourselves, to actively and strategically strengthen it. As we do, our patience with others, sense of self-confidence, and level of self-awareness all increase - allowing us to be more effective practitioners as interpreters, and happier humans overall.

1. Trust Merriam-Webster defines trust as, “assured reliance on the character, ability, strength or truth of someone or something.” We have an instinctual sense of whether or not we trust someone, but often aren’t clear about how to quantify trust or how to build (or re-build) it. Daniel Turano, Licensed Clinical Social Worker, breaks trust down into this clear and actionable equation:

sweet spot, just outside your comfort zone but not so far that you induce anxiety and panic, is where learning and growth happens (Senninger, 2000). As you reach to set and keep commitments that are just outside of your comfort zone, your comfort zone will expand and trust will be solidified (Chan, 2014).

2. Commitment Hansen defines commitment with the idiom, “We’re in this together no matter what” (qtd in Tartakovsky, 2018).This means we don’t abandon ourselves - we speak respectfully about ourselves even when disappointed or frustrated, and we practice seeing “mistakes” as opportunities for learning instead of as failures.

Put commitment into action in your relationship with yourself:

• Identify daily practices that keep you nourished, and prioritize them. This may mean quiet time to read, exercise, journal, or express yourself in art or music - whatever activity or non-activity fills you up. Commit to even When our actions align with our words over time, trust in5 minutes a day, and follow through to build trust and creases. When our actions do not match our words, trust is fill your cup. eroded. This simple yet powerful model can provide a guide • Show up for yourself when life is tough. Just as you want to building trust within ourselves. a friend to give their support by listening with patience As you work to build trust with yourself, keep in mind these and empathy - give that same compassion to yourself. tips: Make a list of feelings you’re experiencing, and practice acknowledging your emotions and applying compassion • Start small with your commitments (words) to yourself before you move into problem-solving mode. and others so that you can back them up with action and (Turano, personal interview, March 26, 2019)

build trust over time. When we declare that we are go-

Start small with your commitments (words) to yourself and others so that you can back them up with action and build trust over time. ing to make a large change, life often shows up to highlight obstacles or weaknesses - and we may struggle to accomplish the thing we set out to do. If we can set realistic, doable goals and commitments for ourselves, we will feel empowered by these wins at the same time as Vulnerability means “Taking the risk to be your real, genuactively building trust. ine self,” Hansen says (qtd in Tartakovsky, 2018). By being • Keep stretching - reach a bit outside of your comfort honest and open with yourself about how you feel and what zone in order to set and keep your commitments. This you need, you not only feel heard and valued, but you are

3. Vulnerability www.rid.org

53

As you are honest with yourself about who you are and what you need, you can give others the opportunity to contribute to your well-being by asking for help. also able to access more creativity when navigating your way through an issue. As you get to know yourself on a deeper and more authentic level, you start showing up in the world with more truth and authenticity, and everyone benefits.

As interpreters and as humans, we have a duty to care for this one life we are charged with. We cannot show up for and give to others when we haven’t first laid a solid foundation within ourselves. By focusing on trust, commitment, and

(Chan, 2014) vulnerability in your relationship with yourself, you can imTo practice greater vulnerability in your relationship with prove your self-care and deepen that primary relationship. yourself, try the following: In turn, the self-confidence, patience, and self-awareness • Identify your intentions and needs when you’re feeling you develop can permeate every other interaction. down or frustrated. Often we see our own shortcomings or external circumstances as holding us back in some References way. When we are willing to look beyond the immedi- Chan, Kenneth. (June 1, 2014). The Learning Zone Model. Retrieved ate injustice or inadequacy, often we find the beating from https://www.slideshare.net/chanbingruikenneth/the-learningzone-model heart of our values and needs. Getting to know your own needs and your responses when those needs aren’t met, Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Trust. Retrieved April 3, 2019 from https:// www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/trust without judgement, leads to greater self-awareness.

• Ask for help. Sometimes we put pressure on ourselves to do everything on our own. As you are honest with yourself about who you are and what you need, you can give others the opportunity to contribute to your well-being by asking for help. This builds trust with yourself, as you continue to act with vulnerability and commitment to your own needs, and it begins building trust with others, as you practice sharing your needs and receiving support from others.

^ 54

Senninger, T. (2000). The Learning Zone Model. http://www.pcfl. com/index_htm_files/The%20Learning%20Zone%20Model.docx Tartakovsky, Margarita. (July 8, 2018). Three Keys to a Strong Relationship. Psych Central. Retrieved from https://psychcentral.com/ blog/3-keys-to-a-strong-relationship/

5

What did you think of this article? Send your feedback to the authors/editors by clicking here!

www.rid.org//views-may-articlefeedback/ VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

Distinguished Service Award

THE CONFERENCE OF INTERPRETER TRAINERS

2020 BIENNIAL CONFERENCE

Do you know a member who has made major contributions to the field at the local, state, and national level? Nominate them for this year’s DSA.

Nominations now being accepted

Other Awards Available: • • • •

Gerald “Bummy” Burstein- Awarded to one Deaf and one Hearing individual each year for training or testing costs.

Daniel Pokorny- Voucher for Testing Elizabeth Benson- Monetary award for ITP/IPP related expenses Outstanding Web Design- Best Affiliate Chapter Website • SilverScribe- Best Affiliate Chapter Newsletter …and more!

Apply or nominate someone today! www.cit-asl.org/new/conference

More information here!

www.rid.org

55

MEMBER SPOTLIGHT

Colleen Jones YOUTUBE LINK: https://youtu.be/A_4erNpBozc

Why do you have a passion for interpreting?

I originally pursued interpreting because I loved the language. I still do, but the longer I am in the field the more I am motivated by my connections with my community.

Where does your passion lie? Is it in being a bridge between hearing and Deaf constituents? Is it in your love for the Deaf community? Is it in interpreting itself? Is it in the "Aha" moment when those you interpret for reach the intended level of understanding made possible through your interpretation?

Much of my work is within Seattle's thriving DeafBlind community. I am thankful every day that I get to work with brilliant consumers and witness the development of a new language: Protactile ASL (PTASL). I thrive on the challenge of developing my third language and working to communicate through touch. DeafBlind interpreting involves a lot of team interpreting, and I feel very lucky to work with high caliber Deaf and hearing interpreters who are 100% supportive of one another both personally and professionally. Through graduate school at Western Oregon University I have also developed a passion for research, writing, and presenting to colleagues. I have now published several papers and have taught workshops about gender bias and consumer orientation, which is how consumers are educated about working with interpreters. I am enjoying the process more than I ever thought possible.

See the rest of Colleen's Member Spotlight at:

www.rid.org/may-2019-member-spotlight-colleen-jones 56

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

Colleen Jones, NIC Washington State Region V

Colleen Jones is a nationally certified interpreter, presenter, and researcher from Seattle, Washington. She holds undergraduate degrees from Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo and Seattle Central Community College, and a master’s degree from Western Oregon University. Colleen’s interpreting work is focused on medical, business, and DeafBlind settings, and she has published research on the topics of gender bias and consumer orientation. Her latest research paper can be found in the 2019 edition of the Journal of Interpretation.

National Interpreter Certification Certification awarded between 02/12/2019- 05/08/2019

Region I - Northeast

Region III - Midwest

Region IV - Central

Karlee Ayalisse

NY

Mandy Buzzelli

MN

Emily Dittmer

TX

Rachel Bailey

NY

Macklin Hamilton

KY

Danielle Strom

CO

Nikki Cherry

NY

Keira Henderson

KY

Adrian Kelly

NY

Jessica Mace

IN

Melissa Lanty

NY

Carissa Nash

MN

Danielle Novack

MN

Eric Crook

OR

Kristy Palmer

OH

Kayla Daunt

CA

Lauren Payne

IL

Allyson Hamilton

UT

Gina Radke

IL

Brittney Low

AZ

Makena Schrock

IN

Maeve Lyons

CA

Jamie Schumacher

MN

Nathan Moore

UT

Kimberly Shubat

IL

Matthew Salerno

CA

Markie Sunderhaus

OH

Kaitlyn Stone

NV

Region II - Southeast Heather Bemesderfer

FL

James Celestine

VA

Jennifer Dau

VA

Aviva Levy

VA

Kenton Myers

AL

Courtney Thomas

MD

Vernice Williams-Thomas MD

Region V- Pacific

Andrea Tomaszewski MI

PDIC

PDIC

Glenna Cooper

OK

FY 2018 Certification Reinstatements and Revocations Below, please find a link to a page on our website that lists individuals whose certifications have been revoked due to non-compliance with the Certification Main-

tenance Program. The Certification Maintenance Program requirements are as follows: • Maintain current RID membership by paying annual RID Certified Member dues • Meet the CEU requirements:

m CMP CEU Requirements: w 8.0 Total CEUs with at least 6.0 in PS CEUs w (up to 2.0 GS CEUs may be applied toward the requirement) w SC:L’s only–2.0 of the 6.0 PS CEUs must be in legal interpreting topics w SC:PA’s only–2.0 of the 6.0 PS CEUs must be in performing arts topics • Follow the RID Code of Professional Conduct If an individual appears on the list, it means that their consumers may no longer be protected by the Ethical Practices System, should an issue arise. This list is available on the RID website and can be accessed by the community at large. The published list is a “live” list, meaning that it will be updated as needed if a certification is reinstated or revoked. To view the revocation list, please visit the link HERE. Should you lose certification due to failure to comply with CEU requirements or failure to pay membership dues, you may submit a reinstatement request.

The reinstatement form and policies are outlined HERE.

www.rid.org

57

VIEWS

Vision: VIEWS, RID’s digital publication, is dedicated to the interpreting profession. As a part of RID’s strategic goals, we focus on providing interpreters with the educational tools they need to excel at their profession. VIEWS is about inspiring, or even instigating, thoughtful discussions among practitioners. With the establishment of the VIEWS Board of Editors, the featured content in this publication is peer-reviewed and standardized according to our bilingual review process. VIEWS is on the leading edge of bilingual publications for English and ASL. In this way, VIEWS helps to bridge the gap between interpreters and clients and facilitate equality of language. This publication represents a rich history of knowledge-sharing in an extremely diverse profession. As an organization, we value the experiences and expertise of interpreters from every cultural, linguistic, and educational background. VIEWS seeks to provide information to researchers and stakeholders about these specialty fields and groups in the interpreting profession. We aim to explore the interpreter’s role within this demanding social and political environment by promoting content with complex layers of experience and meaning.

While we publish updates on our website and social media platforms, unique information from the following areas can only be found in VIEWS: • • • • • • •

Both research- and peer-based articles/columns Interpreting skill-building and continuing education opportunities Local, national, and international interpreting news Reports on the Certification Program RID committee and Member Sections news New publications available from RID Press News and highlights from RID Headquarters Submissions: VIEWS publishes articles on matters of interest and concern to the membership. Submissions that are essentially interpersonal exchanges, editorials or statements of opinion are not appropriate as articles and may remain unpublished, run as a letter to the editor or as a position paper. Submissions that are simply the description of programs and services in the community with no discussion may also be redirected to a more archival platform on the website. Articles should be 1,800 words or fewer. Unsigned articles will not be published.

Please contact the editor of VIEWS if you require more space. RID reserves the right to limit the quantity and frequency of articles published in VIEWS written by a single author(s). Receipt by RID of a submission does not guarantee its publication. RID reserves the right to edit, excerpt or refuse to publish any submission. Publication of an advertisement does not constitute RID’s endorsement or approval of the advertiser, nor does RID guarantee the accuracy of information given in an advertisement.

Advertising specifications can be found at www.rid.org, or by contacting the editor. All editorial, advertising, submission and permission inquiries should be directed to (703) 838-0030, (703) 838-0454 fax, or publications@rid.org.

Copyright: VIEWS is published quarterly by the Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf, Inc. Statements of fact or opinion are the responsibility of the authors alone and do not necessarily represent the opinion of RID. The author(s), not RID, is responsible for the content of submissions published in VIEWS. Statement of Ownership: VIEWS (ISSN 0277-1088) is published quarterly by the Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf, Inc. Periodical postage paid in Jefferson City, MO and other mailing offices by Brown Printing Co. Materials may not be reproduced or reprinted in whole or in part without written permission. Contact views@rid.org for permission inquiries and requests.

VIEWS electronic subscription is a membership benefit and is covered in the cost of RID membership dues. Single issues of print VIEWS are available to members or nonmembers for $9.00 VIEWS Board of Editors Michael B Ballard, ABD Dale H. Boam, CI, Attorney at Law Kelly Brakenhoff, NIC Royce Carpenter, MA, NIC Master Jami Macdonald, Associate Member Jonathan Webb, CI and CT, NIC Advanced Julia Wardle, MA © 2019 the Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf, Inc. All rights reserved.

58

VIEWS Volume 36 • Issue 1

MISSION The Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf strives to advocate for best practices in interpreting, professional development for practitioners and for the highest standards in the provision of interpreting services for diverse users of languages that are signed or spoken.

VISION By honoring its past and innovating for the future, RID envisions a world where: • Its members recognize and support the linguistic rights of all Deaf people as human rights, equal to those of users of spoken languages; • Deaf people and their values are vital to and visible in every aspect of RID; • Interpreted interaction between individuals who use signed and spoken languages are as viable as direct communication; • The interpreting profession is formally recognized and is advanced by rigorous professional development, standards of conduct, and credentials.

DIVERSITY STATEMENT The Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf (RID) understands the necessity of multicultural awareness and sensitivity. Therefore, as an organization, we are committed to diversity both within the organization and within the profession of sign language interpreting.

Our commitment to diversity reflects and stems from our understanding of present and future needs of both our organization and the profession. We recognize that in order to provide the best service as the national certifying body among signed and spoken language interpreters, we must draw from the widest variety of society with regards to diversity in order to provide support, equality of treatment, and respect among interpreters within the RID organization.

Therefore, RID defines diversity as differences which are appreciated, sought, and shaped in the form of the following categories: gender identity or expression, racial identity, religious affiliation, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, deaf or hard of hearing status, disability status, age, geographic locale (rural vs. urban), sign language interpreting experience, certification status and level, and language bases (e.g. those who are native to or have acquired ASL and English, those who utilize a signed system, among those using spoken or signed languages) within both the profession of sign language interpreting and the RID organization.

To that end, we strive for diversity in every area of RID and its Headquarters. We know that the differences that exist among people represent a 21st century population and provide for innumerable resources within the sign language interpreting field.

Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf, Inc. 333 Commerce Street, Alexandria, VA 22314 (703) 838-0030 V • (571)-257-3957 VP • (703) 838-0454 Fax • www.rid.org www.rid.org

59

GALLAUDET UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF INTERPRETATION AND TRANSLATION The department offers three levels of education.

•

Ph.D. in Interpretation program focuses on research and pedagogy of interpretation and translation.

•

MA in Interpretation program prepare interpreters and researchers who will provide exemplary services and become leaders in the field. We offer two concentrations: • •

•

Combined Interpreter Practice and Research concentration Interpreter Research concentration

BA in Interpretation focuses on interpretation.

Interested in the graduate study? Contact interpretation@gallaudet.edu.

Interested in the undergraduate study? Contact bai.hug@gallaudet.edu.

Use code GRADRID2019 to receive a $25 off your fall 2019 graduate application fee.

Department of Interpretation and Translation (202) 559-5627 (videophone) (202) 651-5493 (voice) www.gallaudet.edu

CONNECT WITH US @GallaudetU