Dr. George Church M arch 19, 2011
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The Personal Genomics Revolution M arch 19, 2011
Lead Patron
Dominion Resources
Host Patron
B&B Printing
Producer Patron
Dominion Digital
Producer Patron
PricewaterhouseCoopers
Producer Patron
VCU Medical Center
Opening program
The Butterbean Jazz Quartet
National Anthem
Terri Simpson
Opening remarks
Bill Chapman Executive Director The Richmond Forum
Welcome and introduction of tonight’s speaker
Presentation
Robert M. Blue Senior Vice President Law, Public Policy and Environment Dominion Resources Dr. George Church Fifteen Minute Intermission
Remarks and introduction
Mr. Chapman
of tonight’s moderator Audience Questions Closing Remarks
Dr. Church and Dr. Michael Rao Mr. Chapman
Tonight’s presentation may not be recorded or photographed by any means for any purpose. Please turn off all electronic devices for the durations of tonight’s program.
tonight ’s pr ogra m
Dr. George Church
t o n i g h t ’s l e a d pat r o n
Tonight’s Lead Patron Dominion [NYSE:D] is a home-grown Richmond company with roots extending back to the Colonial era. By the early 1900s, the company began operating as an electric and gas utility under the name Virginia Electric & Power Co. That utility is now known as Dominion Virginia Power, and it is beginning its second century as a provider of electric service to Virginia. With about 5,000 employees in the Richmond area and more than 10,000 throughout the Commonwealth, today’s Dominion plays a vital role in supporting the state’s economy. Along with helping to meet Virginia’s energy needs, Dominion is a leading provider of energy and related services in the Midwest, midAtlantic and Northeast regions of the U.S.—a market of 50 million homes and businesses where 40 percent of the nation’s energy is consumed. Dominion now serves more than 5 million retail electric and natural gas customers in 13 states. Good corporate citizenship and responsible environmental stewardship are integral to Dominion’s business mission. The company’s philanthropic arm, the Dominion Foundation, donates millions of dollars annually to qualified non-profit organizations in communities where
the company does business. In addition,employees contribute more than 100,000 hours of volunteer time to their communities each year. Among Dominion’s signature community programs are EnergyShare, which provides financial assistance to customers who need help paying their energy bills; Project Plant It!, which distributes tree seedlings to more than 35,000 students to help them learn about the environment; and Strong Men/Strong Women: Excellence in Leadership, an educational partnership program that provides youth with positive role models of accomplished African-Americans.
TO GREAT LEADERS, IT’S ALWAYS HALF FULL. At Dominion, we’re committed to investing in the leadership skills of people who choose to see the world for all that it can be. Leadership requires the vision to see what others often can’t. At Dominion, we support the people who have this unique ability. By funding programs that recognize leadership abilities, develop leadership skills and promote diversity, we’re helping make our communities stronger
today
and
better
prepared
for
tomorrow. To learn more about how we’re putting our energy to work strengthening leadership in the communities we serve, visit www.dom.com, keyword: foundation.
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First, let’s address the label on his forehead. Dr. George Church is himself a lab specimen, “Subject No. 1,” in his own mission to map the genomes of 100,000 individuals for his Personal Genome Project (PGP) based at Harvard University. As a participant in this study, there is perhaps more personal data online about Church than any other human alive today, including nearly all of the six-billion A, T, G and C nucleotides that comprise his genome and help make him who he is. You’ll also find very personal details of Dr. Church’s medical history and conditions, including heart attack, carcinoma, narcolepsy, dyslexia, pneumonia and motion sickness. With this openness, Church is leading by example. He hopes to convince many others to make all of their molecular, medical and lifestyle information available for the world and scientific community to see and study. Dr. Church first came to prominence in the 1980s when, as a graduate student, he developed some of the earliest genetic sequencers. In 1984, Church was among a dozen researchers who proposed the revolutionary Human Genome Project (HGP), which set out to read for the first time the entire “instruction book,” as contained within our DNA, for making and maintaining a human being. Led by Dr. Francis Collins, the HGP team mapped 93% of a single human genome by 2003 at a cost of $3 billion. Now Church’s Personal Genome Project is taking the next step: By sequencing and comparing the genomes of thousands of
individuals, researchers hope to learn how individual genes work together to create physical traits like baldness or skin color, as well as how they can interact or mutate to cause disease. In addition, the PGP collects exhaustive data from its participants about their environments and medical histories, as our lives are clearly not predetermined by genetics alone. Dr. Church’s goal is for individuals to be able to have their own genome sequenced affordably, so that they and their doctors can use the information to understand their risk profiles for disease, their physical and biological characteristics, even their personal ancestry. In 2008, TIME magazine named personal genetic testing the invention of the year, writing, “We are at the beginning of a personal genomics revolution that will transform not only how we take care of ourselves but also what we mean by personal information.” Church graduated from Duke University and earned his Ph.D. from Harvard in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology. He is Director of the Center for Computational Genetics at Harvard Medical School and sits on the advisory board of more than 14 biotech companies, including personal genomics startup 23andMe and genetic testing pioneer DNA Direct. Church, who built his first computer at age nine and taught himself three programming languages by 15, was named one of the Ten Hottest Nerds by Newsweek. He is the recipient of the 2008 World Economic Forum Technology Pioneer Award and the 2009 American Society for Microbiology Biotechnology Research Award. In April, 2011, Dr. Church will receive the prestigious Franklin Institute Award for Achievement in Science.
tonight ’s speaker
Dr. George Church
EVERY MEDICAL CENTER HAS THE BOOKS. WE HAVE THE AUTHORS. We’re proud of the contributions VCU physicians have made to the world of medicine and medical literature.
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Tonight’s moderator, Dr. Michael Rao, is president of Virginia Commonwealth University and the VCU Health System. Through his leadership, he is shaping the university’s focus in research, discovery and creative expression to foster student success and elevate VCU’s national profile among research universities. In 2010, VCU received a $20 million Clinical and Translational Science Award from the National Institutes of Health to become part of an elite nationwide consortium of medical research institutions working to turn laboratory discoveries into treatments for patients. He also is guiding efforts to diversify the university’s resource base, to offset the economic challenges facing all public institutions of higher education.
Since his arrival in 2009, Dr. Rao has engaged hundreds of faculty, staff, students, alumni and community members in Richmond and abroad, promoting institutional pride and lasting ties to VCU. Prior to joining VCU, Rao served as president of Central Michigan University. Rao holds a baccalaureate degree in chemistry from the University of South Florida and a Ph.D. in higher education from the University of Florida.
The Butterbean Jazz Quartet In 1991, The Butterbean Jazz Quartet was formed by Zip Irvin, John Winn and Jim Dudley. They began a weekly Sunday evening gig at Bottoms Up Pizza, which has continued throughout the years and has become a mainstay in Richmond’s historic Shockoe Bottom. As the years passed, members of the quartet have changed. The current lineup is Lee Covington (piano), Terri Simpson (vocals), Rusty Farmer (acoustic bass) and Keith Willingham (drums). The Butterbean Jazz Quartet specializes in traditional jazz vocal standards as well as more contemporary pop hits of the last 20 years. All
members have contributed musical arrangements that have helped develop a unique and intimate sound. The members all met during their undergraduate studies atVCU; since then, they’ve gone on to perform extensively throughout Virginia, including a recent performance for the Richmond Jazz Society’s Guest Educators Series. In 2008, Terri Simpson received Richmond Magazine’s prestigious Theresa Pollak Award for Excellence in the Arts. Last spring, the quartet released their debut album through Courthouse Records; the album can be found at cdbaby.com. Tonight’s musical performance is made possible by the generous support of Moore Cadillac Company.
t o n i g h t ’s m o d e r at o r a n d m u s i c i a n s
Dr. Michael Rao
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The Community Idea Stations & MCV Foundation partner to present
The Future of Health Care: Fulfilling the Promise of the Human Genome Project Thursday, April 14 at 10 pm
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DNA, Genes and Genomes
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the chemical compound that contains the instructions needed to develop and direct the activities of nearly all living organisms. DNA molecules are made of two twisting, paired strands, often referred to as a double helix. Each DNA strand is made of four chemical units, called nucleotide bases, which comprise the genetic “alphabet.” The bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). Bases on opposite strands pair specifically: an A always pairs with a T; a C always pairs with a G. The order of the As, Ts, Cs, and Gs determines the meaning of the information encoded in that part of the DNA molecule, just as the order of letters determines the meaning of a word. An organism’s complete DNA set is called its genome. Virtually every individual cell in the body contains a complete copy of the approximately 3 billion DNA base pairs, or letters, that make up the human genome. With its four-letter language, DNA contains the information needed to build the entire human body. A gene traditionally refers to the unit of DNA that carries the instructions for making a
specific protein or set of proteins. Each of the estimated 20,000 to 25,000 genes in the human genome codes for an average of three proteins. Located on 23 pairs of chromosomes packed into the nucleus of a human cell, genes direct the production of proteins with the assistance of enzymes and messenger molecules. Specifically, an enzyme copies the information in a gene’s DNA into a molecule called messenger ribonucleic acid RNA (mRNA). The mRNA travels out of the nucleus and into the cell’s cytoplasm, where the mRNA is read by a tiny molecular machine called a ribosome; the information is used to link together small molecules called amino acids in the right order to form a specific protein. Proteins make up body structures (such as organs and tissue), control chemical reactions and carry signals between cells. If a cell’s DNA is mutated, an abnormal protein may be produced; this can disrupt the body’s usual processes and lead to a disease, such as cancer. DNA Sequencing
Sequencing simply means determining the exact order of the bases in a strand of DNA. Because bases exist as pairs, and the identity of one of the bases in the pair determines the other member of the pair, researchers do not have to report both bases of the pair. In the most common type of sequencing used today, called the chain termination method, a DNA strand is treated with a variety of nucleotides, a set of enzymes and a specific primer to generate a collection of smaller DNA fragments. Four fluorescent tags, each specific for a given base, are also part of the mixture. Continued Each of the fragments differs
a brief guide to genomics
A Brief Guide To Genomics
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The Human Genome Project
The Human Genome Project, which was led at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) by the National Human Genome Research Institute, produced a very high-quality version of the human genome sequence that is freely available in public databases. This international project was successfully completed in 2003, under budget and more than two years ahead of schedule. The sequence is not that of one person; it is a composite derived from several individuals. Therefore, it is a “representative� or generic sequence. To ensure anonymity of the DNA donors, more blood samples (nearly 100) were
collected from volunteers than were used, and no names were attached to the samples that were analyzed. Thus, not even the donors knew whether their samples were actually used. The Human Genome Project was designed to generate a resource that could be used for a broad range of biomedical studies. One such use is to look for the genetic variations that increase risk of specific diseases, such as cancer, or to look for the type of genetic mutations frequently seen in cancerous cells. More research can then be done to fully understand how the genome functions and to discover the genetic basis for health and disease. Implications of Genomics for Medical Science
Virtually every human ailment, except perhaps trauma, has some basis in our genes. Until recently, doctors were able to take the study of genes, or genetics, into consideration only in cases of birth defects and a limited set of other diseases. These were conditions (sickle cell anemia is an example) which have very simple, predictable inheritance patterns, because each condition is caused by a change in a single gene. With the vast trove of data about human DNA generated by the Human Genome Project, scientists and clinicians have much more powerful tools to study the role that genetic factors play in very complex diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, that constitute the majority of health problems in the United States. Genome-based research is already enabling medical researchers to develop more effective diagnostic tools, to better understand the health needs of people based on their individual genetic make-ups, and to design new treatments for disease. Thus, the role of genetics in health care is starting to change profoundly, and the first examples of the era of personalized medicine are on the horizon. Source: National Institutes of Health
a brief guide to genomics (continued)
in length by one base and is marked with a fluorescent tag that identifies the last base of the fragment. The fragments are then separated according to size and passed over a detector that reads the fluorescent tag. A computer then reconstructs the entire sequence of the long DNA strand by identifying the base at each position from the size of each fragment and the particular fluorescent signal at its end. At present, this technology can determine the order of only 800 or fewer base pairs of DNA at a time. So to assemble the sequence of all the bases in a large piece of DNA, such as a gene, researchers need to read the sequence of overlapping segments. This allows the longer sequence to be assembled from shorter pieces, somewhat like putting together a linear jigsaw puzzle. In this process, each base has to be read not just once, but at least several times in the overlapping segments to ensure accuracy. Researchers can use DNA sequencing to search for genetic variations and/or mutations that may play a role in the development or progression of a disease. The disease-causing change may be as small as the substitution, deletion or addition of a single base pair, or as large as a deletion of thousands of bases.
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benefits & risks of genetic testing
Benefits & Risks of Genetic Testing Benefits
As things stand now, the benefits of genetic testing are limited. A genetic test, however, may provide people with information that can help them with both their reproductive decisions and health behaviors. Because environment affects genetic expression, a genetic test may also alert individuals to the need to change diet, lifestyle or physical surroundings. Genetic testing can identify individuals or groups who are at increased risk of disease. Genetic testing can discover whether people have an increased risk of having a child with some types of genetic disorders. Genetic testing also exists for the developing fetus, to find out if the fetus has a genetic disorder. Many genes and gene markers have been identified for both rare and common diseases, including ovarian and breast cancer and Huntington’s disease. Few of these diseases are treatable or curable, but some may be preventable, such as by a mastectomy when the BRCA-1 or BRCA-2 gene for breast cancer is present. Screening of children who are born with birth defects or have developmental delays indicating a possible genetic condition may lead to appropriate treatment that may enable a normal life for the child. For example, if a child is born with PKU, a metabolic disorder caused by an enzyme deficiency, severe mental retardation can be avoided if the child’s intake of phenylalanine is limited. Even when a genetic disorder is not treatable or curable, a genetic test can be beneficial. For genetic disorders such as Huntington’s disease (HD) the results of genetic testing can provide
an opportunity to make important decisions for the future or lead to a sense of relief at not having the gene. Many people elect not to take the HD test, however, because they would rather not know the result. Even though treatment may not be available for a genetic disorder, genetic testing can lead to increased surveillance; in one case, the symptoms may be treatable. One form of cancer, familial polyposis (which involves initially benign polyps in the large bowel), can be treated by removing polyps as they emerge. Some testing is also being done to detect small changes in a person’s DNA that might indicate a slightly increased risk for such common disorders as heart disease, diabetes and Parkinson’s disease. An important component of genetic testing is genetic counseling. Genetic counseling involves a licensed genetic counselor providing information about results of a genetic test, risks of a genetic disorder occurring in the family, available options for decision-making and treatment, and appropriate referrals. Genetic counseling will become even more essential as further advances are made in genetic testing and treatment. As the technology develops, future genetic testing will result in additional benefits, including the opportunity for people without a known genetic history of disease to find out what diseases they are likely to get. Other future benefits include the individual tailoring of medications and the development of personalized diets and new lifestyles. The discovery of possible genetic variations can lead
Risks
Alongside the powerful new tools of genomics is a renewed emphasis on ethical, legal and social implications, especially with recent developments in genetic research and testing. Attention to ethical issues created by genetic testing has not kept pace with biotechnological developments. Benefits of genetic testing must be balanced against the risk of genetic discrimination by employers, insurers, schools and society. The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) that President Bush signed on May 21, 2008, protects people from genetic discrimination in employment. The law has many shortcomings, however; it covers only health insurance, not life, disability or longterm care insurance. In addition, GINA does not apply when a person at risk for a genetic disease develops symptoms of that disease (e.g., breast cancer or Huntington’s disease). Individuals who get genetic testing face many challenges, including the following: • Abridgement of the right not to know genetic information. • Compromised privacy and confidentiality of genetic information. • Confusion about what the individual may
or may not learn from genetic testing results. • The possibility of close relatives having the same mutated gene, raising the issue of the obligation to inform those relatives of test results. • False-positive or false-negative test results. • Lack of scientific validity of test results. • A failure to detect environmental influences on the identified gene and other unidentified genes. • Misinterpretation of test results. • Discovery of misattributed paternity or adoptions. • Lack of follow-up counseling. • Psychological stress after receiving test results. • False hopes for treatments and cures that do not exist, and unwarranted personal reactions based on the genetic information gleaned from the test results. • Exploitation by private commercial companies (e.g., nutritional companies) based on the individual’s known genotype. • Not being informed about family medical history. • Potential misuse of the individual’s (and family members’) genetic information by insurers, employers, schools, government, and society. A genetic diagnosis can affect an entire family, not just the individual who was tested. Many risks associated with genetic technology emerge for society as well as for individuals. Possible societal risks, as genetic testing becomes more common, include the following: • Lack of regulatory oversight. • Lack of appropriate authority for genetic decisions, in particular when decisions need to be made on behalf of children and impaired adults. Continued
benefits & risks of genetic testing
to new prevention strategies and treatments. The genomic era may see great progress in prevention of illness, by identifying individuals at high risk of developing diseases. Given a patient’s genetic test results, physicians will be able to take measures to prevent illness instead of waiting until symptoms occur. Future genetic research can enhance our understanding of the interaction of genes and environmental factors in causing diseases. As our understanding of the genetic influences on diseases increases, we will be able to identify individuals’ risks and develop new, more efficient drugs.
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Recommended Reading
Here is a Human Being: The Dawn of Personal Genomics by Misha Angrist, 2010 An in-depth look at personal genomics by one of the first participants in the Personal Genome Project.
Explore Your Genome Personal Genome Project
The Personal Genome Project is a public genomics research study that aims to improve understanding of genetic and environmental contributions to human traits. The PGP is enrolling members of the public who are willing to share their genome sequence and other personal information such as health and medical data with the scientific community and the general public. Information is available at www.personalgenomes.org. 23andMe
From a simple saliva sample, 23andMe promises to help you gain insight into your traits, from baldness to muscle performance, and identify risk factors for 95 diseases. Learn your predicted response to drugs, from blood thinners to coffee, and uncover your ancestral origins. $199, plus $5 per month Personal Genome Service subscription. www.23andme.com deCODEme
deCODEme’s “Complete Scan” promises to reveal your genetic risk for 47 diseases and traits ranging from Heart Attack and Diabetes to Alcohol Flush Reaction and Male Pattern Baldness. In addition, you can explore your ancestry and find out how closely you are related to people from all over the world. $2,000. www.decodeme.com Navigenics
Marketing “clinically guided genetic analysis,” Navigenics uncovers genetic predispositions for important health conditions and medication sensitivities, and provides resources to help you and your doctor understand your genetic information as you develop personalized health strategies. Available through physicians. Pricing varies. www.navigenics.com
benefits & risks of genetic testing (continued)
• Changes in the definition of what is “normal,” e.g., for the deaf and dwarf communities and their right to choose to have children like themselves. • Potential elimination of those who are not “perfect.” • Future elimination of “undesirable” traits. • Limited availability and affordability of testing and treatment for underprivileged individuals. Genetic testing of children is a major ethical issue. Minors do not have the opportunity to make decisions for themselves about whether or not to be tested. Sometimes adults want their children tested for the wrong reasons. In 1997, an advisory committee of the National Human Genome Research Institute stated that genetic testing of children for adult-onset diseases should not be undertaken unless a child would gain a direct medical benefit that would be lost if the child waited until adulthood to be tested. It is important for you to weigh both potential risks and benefits before taking a genetic test. By doing so, you will be able to make an informed decision for yourself, knowing that your family members also need to be considered. Understanding the psychosocial and ethical implications of genetic testing is essential. Source: Personal Genome Project (www.pgpstudy.org) and the Allen & Priscilla Oppenheimer Foundation
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Anderson Cooper at The Richmond Forum February 19, 2011
Art Warren, Chairman, Chesterfield County Board of Supervisors, and Linda Warren, Vice President and Controller, Altria Group, Lead Patron for the evening.
Richard V. Hurley (center), President, University of Mary Washington, a Producer Patron for the evening, was joined by Jeff and Nancy Jones (left) and Rita Stone at the dinner preceding Anderson Cooper’s presentation.
Anderson Cooper urged the audience not to turn away from tragedies they see reported every day.
Addressing a sold-out audience, Anderson Cooper discussed his coverage of some of the most significant news stories of our time, including the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and most recently the revolution in Egypt.
previous program
Alison and Ted Fauls (l to r), Managing Partner, Troutman Sanders, the Host Patron for the evening, and Kathy and Jim Hyde, CEO of nTelos, enjoyed dinner with Anderson Cooper. Marcus Messner, Ph.D., Professor, School of Mass Communications, Virginia Commonwealth University, moderated the program with Anderson Cooper.
Local favorites Susan Greenbaum and Chris Parker provided audience entertainment before the program and during intermission. Greg Hillman, Senior Location Manager-Central Virginia, IBM Corporation, a Producer Patron for the evening, with Fabian Hillman, Bailey Goldborough and Deborah Hillman.
Universal Leaf Tobacco Company, a Producer Patron for the evening, was represented at the dinner by (l to r) H. Michael Ligon, Vice President, Sharon Ligon, David Moore, Chief Financial Officer, and Penny Moore.
Anderson Cooper visited with 120 local high school and college students before the program and again during intermission.
Executive Committee
Judith W. Pahren Chair Capital One Bruce Kelley Vice Chair Program Committee Chair The Martin Agency W. Jefferson O’Flaherty Treasurer Xenith Bank H. Michael Ligon Secretary Universal Leaf Tobacco Co. Gail W. Johnson, RN, MS Governance Committee Chair Rainbow Station Douglas A. Nunn Investment Committee Chair The Trust Company of Virginia Gregory Hillman Education Committee Chair IBM Corporation
Linda Warren Member at Large Altria Group, Inc. Directors
Michael G. Bland B&B Printing Shawn Boyer SnagAJob.com Tim Butturini Wachovia, A Wells Fargo Company James A. Buzzard MWV Clifford J. Culley U.S. Trust, Bank of America Private Wealth Management James W. Dunn Bon Secours Richmond Health Care System Kenneth M. Dye Comcast Metro Richmond
Richard J. Farrell Richmond Aquarium
J. Theodore Linhart Dominion Auto Group
Thomas E. duB. (“Ted”) Fauls Troutman Sanders LLP
Lyn McDermid Dominion
Philip H. Goodpasture Williams Mullen
Linda Powell Pruitt Powell Pruitt Associates
Susan Greenbaum Recording Artist and Songwriter
Timothy D. Smith LCOR, Incorporated
Susan Hardwicke, Ph.D. VABION LLC
Advisory Board
The Honorable Todd P. Haymore Commonwealth of Virginia Kathleen Maccio Holman Davenport & Company LLC Michael S. Laming Genworth Financial, Inc. Nancy F. Langston, Ph.D. VCU School of Nursing Ray Lepper Home Media Stores, LLC
Carolyn B. Bush County of Henrico Felicia Cosby City of Richmond Kathy Graziano Richmond City Council Carolyn P. Henly County of Chesterfield Scot L. Morris Morris Investment Group John Sherman, Jr.
Production Team & Staff Production
Publications
John Carter Hailey Stage Manager
Bob Thagard fuel creative, inc.
Susan Senita Bradshaw Assistant Stage Manager
circle S studio
Boitnott Visual Communications Audio, Video & Sound Dan Hitchcock Production Manager Boitnott Visual Communications James W. Bynum Student Room Manager Lt. Robert C. Marland Transportation and Security Coordinator Thomas J. O’Donnell, Jr. Security Debbie Mangolas William Willersdorf Box Office
Carlos Chafin Composer In Your Ear Matthew Costello Voiceover Audrey M. Booth Theater Manager Joe Yarbrough Theater Operations Manager Steve Sweet Theater Technical Director Tim Posey Assistant Technical Director
Michael G. Bland Greg Frazee Print Directors Angelo Minor Action Photo Bill Chapman Dee Raubenstine Editors Hostesses
Jan Benesh Zel Boley Donna Raubenstine Question Sorters
Samuel D. Barham, III Tim Barnett Kenneth M. Dye Paula I. Otto Dan Timberlake
Staff
Bill Chapman Executive Director bill@richmondforum.org Debbie Mangolas Office and Ticket Sales Manager debbie@richmondforum.org Dee A. Raubenstine Director of Development and Public Affairs dee@richmondforum.org (804) 330-3993 www.richmondforum.org
bo ad r d& osft adfifr e c t o r s , p r o d u c t i o n a n d s t a f f bo ar
2010-2011 Board of Directors
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Proudly Welcomes
Dr. George Church “The Personal Genomics Revolution� Rainbow StationŽ
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celebrates 20 years of
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We support The Richmond Forum in promoting a broader understanding of world affairs and salute Dr. George Church's quest to uncover further the secrets of our genetic makeup. AT L A N TA RALEIGH
PRESCHOOL ¡ NURSERY SCHOOL THE VILLAGE ¡ PRIVATE KINDERGARTEN www.rainbowstation.org
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Lead Patron Altria Group, Inc. Comcast Metro Richmond Davenport & Company LLC Dominion Resources Genworth Financial, Inc.
Commonwealth Pain Specialists John M. Barsanti, MD Stephen P. Long, MD Craigie & Craigie The Hilb Group Hirschler Fleischer Hospital Hospitality House Liberty Property Trust McGuireWoods Media General, Inc. Morgan Stanley Smith Barney Morris WIltshire and Borghi MWV Bart Nasta Judy & Dave Pahren Rainbow Station SunTrust Bank Touch Points Public Relations Towers Watson Verizon Communications Dianne & Ken Wright Foundation
Host Patron B&B Printing Hourigan Construction Owens & Minor Troutman Sanders LLP Wachovia, A Wells Fargo Company Producer Patron Capital One circle S studio Covington Travel Dominion Digital IBM Corporation Longwood University Plow & Hearth PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP The Trust Company of Virginia Universal Leaf Tobacco Co., Inc. University of Mary Washington U.S. Trust, Bank of America Private Wealth Management VCU Medical Center VCU School of Business Foundation Williams Mullen Educational Patron Dr. & Mrs. W. Baxter Perkinson, Jr. Trinity Episcopal School Wachovia Wells Fargo Foundation Media Patron Community Idea Stations WCVE-WHTJ-WCVW-88.9FM Music Patron Moore Cadillac Company Transportation Patron WINN Transportation Municipalities City of Richmond County of Chesterfield County of Henrico Sponsor Alfa Laval Inc. BB&T Bon Secours Richmond Health System Buckingham Greenery, Inc. CapTech Ventures, Inc.
Contributor Actuarial Benefits & Design Anonymous DSC Logistics Endeavor Capital, LLC H & H Grandis Properties Hoover & Strong Hunton & Williams, LLP In Your Ear Markel Corporation McCandlish Holton Mercer Party Plus Perspectives, Inc. Randolph-Macon College Richmond Aquarium SnagAJob.com Friend The Actuarial Consulting Group Dr. & Mrs. Ralph L. Anderson Kenneth C. Blaisdell & Sherryn Stauffer Mr. & Mrs. Roger Boevé The Brink’s Company Mrs. Wilson M. Brown, Jr. fuel creative, inc. Steven F. Glessner MD and Virginia L. Schuster Home Media ® Bruce Kelley, Ella Kelley Trisha Krause, DMD, MS and Sanjay Bhagchandani, DMD Endodontics Mary & Ted Linhart
Mr. & Mrs. Robert A. Mann Lyn McDermid Mutual Assurance Society of Virginia Dr. Dianne Reynolds-Cane Sigma National, Inc. Timothy Smith & Mary Ellen Pauli Craig & Annhorner Truitt James & Vanessa Wigand Supporter Mr. José Alfaro Mr. & Mrs. Tommy Baer Mr. & Mrs. J. H. Brower Linda & Dale Cannady Mr. Jeff Chapman Robert & Candace Cody Harold M. Cruse, D.D.S. CSI of Virginia Mrs. Creed S. Davis Mary Beth & Richard Deutsch Jack & Nita Enoch Mr. & Mrs. Charles Edwin Estes Mr. Joseph C. Farrell William R. Fields Mr. & Mrs. Robert B. Giles Bill and Marsha Ginther Paige and Philip Goodpasture Mr. A. William Hamill Mr. Jay Holloway Mr. & Mrs. Gary C. Hudson Bonnie Hunt Ms. Louise Jackson Nancy F. Langston Dr. Bernice Latham Drs. John and Rhoda Mahoney Art & Jerry McKinney Porter Realty Company Myron H. Reinhart Riggers, Inc. Michael & Linda Rigsby Eric Samuelson Rick Schofield Joe Schwerer SMART Resources Inc. Leila and Kirk Spitzer Leslie Stack & Frank Rizzo Mr. Geoff Stiff Dr. & Mrs. Ken Stoner Gary & Pat Sullivan Claiborne & Ann Terry VAMAC, Inc. Dr. & Mrs. Douglas A. Wayne Mr. Eric White Dick & Marty Wilson
Thank you for your support!
PAT R O N S
2010-2011 Patrons
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Strengthening Communities
© Altria Group, Inc. 2010
At Altria, we believe that part of being a leader is contributing to the development of those around you. That is why we actively support programs that bring strength, vibrance and diversity to our communities, and improve the quality of life for everyone in the places we call home. The people of the Altria family of companies thank The Richmond Forum for their dedication and commitment to our families, neighbors and friends.
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Trinity Episcopal School advocates service to one’s community as an important aspect of individual character development and as an essential element in the creation of a strong community. These Trinity students, selected from the School’s Honor Roll, serve as ushers for The Richmond Forum this season. Through their service, the students facilitate an exchange of ideas that broadens our understanding of the trends and issues shaping our lives and our community. Craig T. Almond Tayler R. Anderson Alexandra E. Barnes Natalie L. Birkelien George Blackwell Bridgforth Stuart T. Brown Timothy M. Chester Madison G. Clark Ancil S. Crayton Catherine M. Cunningham Adrian E. Dan Shelby W. Darlington Frank P. Dorman Evie C. Doughtie Matthew D. Elgin
Michelle C. Gibbons Eleanor E. Goode Elisabeth S. S. Greenwood Nicholas R. Griggs-Drane Benjamin J. Gross Olivia D. Hairfield Olivia B. Hargett James M. Harkins Addie T. Huizenga Abigail R. Jenkins Tyler P. Jutz Rebecca C. Kientz Taylor B. King Neil C. Kirby Mary Elizabeth Lawrence
Cathryn B. Levander Nicholas J. Markunas Taylor S. McClain Marcelline A. Merry Kelsey J. Mitchell Matthew J. Mitchell Ashley B. Morris Julia G. Oates Jessica M. Ostrowski-Wright Sage M. Parker Cassie A. Pegram Thomas Lee Rice Marysia Kolbe Rieder Grace E. Riggs Myles C. Rivera
M. Alexandra Schreck Mary Lauren Shepherd Jenna R. Staub Brenna W. Sullivan Conner P. Sullivan Margaret O. Sweeney Alexandra J. Valentine Emily R. Wilkinson George Lee Wilkinson Jeffrey C. Willis
Sarah McDermott, Advisor Robert Patterson, Advisor Lee Sprague, Advisor
THE RICHMOND FORUM WELCOMES THE STUDENTS AND FACULTY OF TRINITY EPISCOPAL SCHOOL IN A SPECIAL PROGRAM DESIGNED TO CONNECT THE CLASSROOM, THE COMMUNITY AND CURRENT EVENTS. IN ACADEMICS We discover what motivates students and use that knowledge to challenge them IN THE INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE PROGRAM Academics with a world view provide a competitive curriculum in a dynamic environment IN THE COMMUNITY We celebrate the differences that make us individuals and the common ground that makes us a community WITH THE FACULTY Building relationships based on mutual respect helps students realize their full potential DISCOVER YOUR PATH AT TRINITY EPISCOPAL SCHOOL 0ITTAWAY $RIVE 2ICHMOND 6! s www.trinityes.org
We are grateful to Dr. & Mrs. W. Baxter Perkinson, Jr. for their financial support for this educational program.
student ushers
Trinity Episcopal School Student Ushers
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Building success. One story at a time.
Hourigan Construction is proud to support tonight’s speaker for inspiring us with their stories and perspectives that will help build a better community. houriganconstruction.com
Your Support of the Ralph Krueger Memorial Fund Makes Life-Changing Student Opportunities Possible.
Established in memory of the founder of The Richmond Forum, the Ralph Krueger Memorial Fund makes it possible for local students to attend sold-out Forum programs and meet our speakers.
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This season, thanks to the generous support of our subscribers and a matching grant from Wachovia Foundation, 600 students from area public and private schools will have an opportunity to be inspired in a life-changing way by joining us in our Student Room. When you renew your subscription, please consider including a tax-deductible donation to the Krueger Fund to enable us to continue and expand our student outreach programs. Visit www.RichmondForum.org to learn more or to donate online. Thank you for your support.
The Dianne and Ken Wright Foundation is proud to support one of the top cancer treatment centers in America. The Mission of The Massey Cancer Center is to serve the Commonwealth of Virginia as an internationally recognized institute of clinical, educational and research excellence dedicated to improving the quality of human life through the prevention, control and cure of cancer.
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pa st speakers
Past Speakers 1987 January February March April
Ted Koppel “Iran: Yesterday and Today” Hodding Carter, Paul Duke and Larry Speakes Diane Sawyer with General Brent Scowcroft Charles Kuralt
1 993-1994 November January February March April
“America in the Year 2000” Lamar Alexander, Marvin Cetron, Senator Warren Rudman and Chris Wallace Louis Rukeyser with Frank Cappiello and Michael Holland President George H. W. Bush Dr. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross Bob Newhart
1 987-1988 January February March April
Oprah Winfrey George Will “The Cold War – Will it Thaw?” Marvin Kalb, Jeane Kirkpatrick and Vladimir Pozner Art Buchwald
1 994-1995 November January February March April
General Colin Powell Walter Cronkite with Judy Woodruff Dave Barry Tom Clancy Jack Kemp and Senator George Mitchell
1 988-1989 January February March April
Sam Donaldson John Chancellor and Henry Kissinger “Should Drugs be Legalized?” William Buckley and Charles Rangel Dr. Carl Sagan
1 995-1996 November January February March April
Ambassador Carla Hills and Prime Minister Brian Mulroney “Space and Flight: The First & Last Men on the Moon” Neil Armstrong, Capt. Eugene Cernan, David Hartman and Dick Rutan Calvin Trillin Charles Kuralt “The Presidency, The Press and The People” Ed Bradley, David Gergen, Pierre Salinger, Sheila Tate and Bob Woodward
1 989-1990 January February March April
Paul Duke, Howard Fineman and Charles McDowell “Perspectives – From Right to Left” Frank Carlucci, Bettina Gregory, George McGovern, William Proxmire and William Rusher Mike Wallace Alistair Cooke
1 996-1997 November January February March April
Dick Cavett and Carl Reiner Ray Brady with Paul A. Volcker “To Preserve and Protect: The Story of the American Presidency” Doris Kearns Goodwin and David McCullough Sir David Frost interviews Andrew Lloyd Webber “The Legal System in America” Marcia Clark, Philip K. Howard, Prof. Arthur Miller, Dr. Rodney Smolla and The Hon. Kym Worthy
1 990-1991 October January February March April
Chancellor Helmut Schmidt “Crisis in the Persian Gulf” Admiral William Crowe, General Alexander Haig, Robert McFarlane and Edwin Newman H. Ross Perot Art Buchwald and Andy Rooney “Space and Beyond” James Burke, Dr. Frank Drake and James Lovell Barbara Walters Margaret Thatcher Larry King with General Norman Schwarzkopf “DNA: From Catching Criminals to Constructing Dinosaurs” Patricia Cornwell, Dr. Victor McKusick and Dr. Marc Micozzi Mark Russell
1 997-1998 November January February March April
Bill Moyers Wynton Marsalis Prime Minister Shimon Peres and Dan Raviv Mary Tyler Moore Peter Lynch
1 991-1992 October January February March April
1 998-1999 November January February March April
Rt. Hon. John Major Robert S. Bennett and Dr. William J. Bennett with Tim Russert Harry S. Dent, Jr. and Lou Dobbs Lily Tomlin Dr. Robert Ballard and Jean-Michel Cousteau
1 992-1993 October January February March April
Terry Anderson “Japanese/American Trade Debate” with Hiroki Kato and T. Boone Pickens Dr. Joyce Brothers Bill Cosby Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev with Cokie Roberts
1 999-2000 November January February March April
Julie Andrews with Catherine Crier “The Century” Todd Brewster and Peter Jennings “Technology and the New Marketplace” Ray Brady, Michael Connors and John Krubski Archbishop Desmond Tutu James Carville and Newt Gingrich with Tim Russert
pa st speakers
2 000-2001 November January February March April
Senator John Glenn Tom Brokaw Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu with Daniel Schorr Frank McCourt Dr. William Kelso
2 001-2002 November January February March April
Hal Holbrook in “Mark Twain Tonight!” Rabbi Marc Gellman and Msgr. Thomas Hartman Dick Clark Doris Kearns Goodwin and David McCullough The Hon. Madeleine K. Albright and The Hon. James A. Baker III with Gwen Ifill
2 002-2003 November January February March April
Ken Burns The Hon. Rudolph W. Giuliani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto and Her Majesty Queen Noor with Gwen Ifill FBI Director Louis Freeh Senator Fred Thompson
2 003-2004 November January February March April
Cal Ripken, Jr. Robert Shiller and Jeremy Siegel with Geoff Colvin Candice Bergen Rt. Hon. Mary Robinson Thomas L. Friedman
2 004-2005 November January February March April
General Tommy Franks Michael Beschloss and Walter Isaacson Tim Russert Fareed Zakaria Frank Gehry
2005-2006 November January February March April
Robert Redford Sherry Lansing General Colin Powell Tom Wolfe Rick Wagoner with Geoff Colvin
2 006-2007 November January February March April
Burt Rutan Malcolm Gladwell and Alvin Toffler B.B. King Jim Lehrer Dr. Jared Diamond
2 007-2008 November January February March April
President Vicente Fox Carly Fiorina Michael Douglas with Jeffrey Brown Dr. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. David Brooks
2 008-2009 November January February March April
Rt. Hon. Tony Blair Reza Aslan and Jon Meacham Smokey Robinson with Daphne Maxwell Reid Terry Bradshaw and Howie Long Marion Nestle and Michael Pollan
2 009-2010 November January March April May
Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson Greg Mortenson Steve Forbes Condoleezza Rice David Plouffe
2010-2011 November President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf January Laura Bush February Anderson Cooper
The Richmond Forum is the cream of the crop, with the best people on both sides of the stage—the audience as well as the speakers. I wish everyone involved a happy 25th birthday and look forward to the next several 25’s still to come — Jim Lehrer
Coming to The Richmond Forum April 16, 2011 David Blaine Does the Human Body Have Limits? Called a “latter-day Houdini,� David Blaine has not only redefined magic, he has also set new boundaries for human endurance. He holds several world records, including one for holding his breath underwater for 17 minutes and 4 seconds. While David Blaine is surely trying to amaze with the creativity and showmanshp of his stunts, he is also on a very real and personal path of discovery about the extremes to which the human body can be pushed and the suffering that the human spirit can endure. Next month, Blaine will give us a rare look behind the physical feats that have made him a worldwide phenomenon—from the sources of the ideas to his research and physical preparation to the feats themselves...all undertaken for the purpose of making us believe the unbelievable.
Connecting Richmond to the World.
For Single Ticket Availability, Call 330-3993.
“ I n n o vat i v e S t y l e ”
carrerasjewelers.com • 121 Libbie Ave • Richmond, Va 23226 • 804.282.7018 In celebration of the Forum’s 25th Anniversary, Carreras will donate a percentage of your purchase from the collection featured to support:
The VCU Massey Cancer Center