Feb 19, partnership

N,.-W, Lt E ouillne ihe

ieasons xhy

I

consicer

The Japanese peop16 need a

viess and aspirations.

Prire Vinist€! fdaka,

2.

or Froject to

be so

ritally

clearcui expo3ltton of rftdca. this fron the daily Fress nor fiom Iron l,he Japaese CoErnrent jn

in ihis splihs of 1rl really d€sirc io mke ihelr cdtrtbutton to asia. siabitity. To nd€ foflad ,n thls ela ol pot€ntia1 post-,fietnan ftconciUa:lon, ,e .eed sddelines, ,lboE a[, w neod UDlted states has in nind.

3. ror a effectlve torei$ po1i.y u Asia, I believe, lbe Uniied States needs the udeGtandins tud snlpoii oI tbe Japaoese Feopfe. The Japsese people need to udersiad Arerica i! o er to joi! halds {ith Amdca. lr. I an conrinc€d ihat ou re1aed discussim togetber coErlns all o! as pepared by re ir the Jap@ese Falis of the lenethJ outlln rtuEuge can fulli11 the above r,hree desirabl€j even esseniial rcsu1ts. fhis is &€i e authodtauve AErice raenloint lron tmrtc.'s torercst spol€s@ today, direci to a larg€ &d vttal sesneni or the Japese Feonle ($e Medth: Th€ sugel Shmju, Jape's nost tnfl@ntla1 mnthly Jowa1 _F ld._€ j .,r' ,Isi_on oi !.1 o-'r -o0,o00 The Japan6se sorernmni and p6o!1e

lL.offio, GL" -_.>

Firct, I xoulc like 1,o tell ,bi, nr. in r'ietnan. f1cored the pea.e

T an suE

th3i all

ihe

rd grailiude lor ihe resrkable perceveFnc€ ,iih rhich yo! ad spe.ial ldvisor i,€ DDC the nesotiar:ions that linally .alnimted u r:he cease-lire agreeieni. -cnd also {e rere asl,ontslred md pleasBd xith Jou nor€ redsni discnssicns in Hmoi ed the Jap&ese share nJ resFecl,

jo1.r. s"ar.enent r.here. 'trestion ahich aiybod, xould be t ipted after havins acconplished these hisrodc nissio.6, do you

1 codd like to

boei ith

a

feel exhacted rtth ,ou dui:es .re.r or are

tven thouah

1,he

ol pdople }ho

do noi, seen

you eagerly

sianedt there

t

be co.vtaced

th3i

a

looki.g

fo

aF sti11 a

lastins

peace

rill

6rd io

nmbe! be

I xoo,le. hov you feel fim and dEable peace t. L& l.do-china peri.sDla as . xhole? Ard specirica11J,,hat, is the !o1e that the U.ttcd Siates is soing to assnre in that Feninslla by ray ot natniainios ih€ Feace, ,o.king ouu sore foh of Econciu.iton bei,,een the . ties concerred ed ftconstructton of the Nor{h

d,as beina roud't in \rietaan, mrry of ou Japares€ ialked quite se.io:cly abou! seered to have inflicied upon Amrtcos ad are.ican society in a.uber "-r xa/o--e.o5ion of valnesr breakdovr.f conftdence, an,l nomtinq a.it-so.ial bEhavi.r anons Lhe youth. In fac.u, .one oI the extrenisis in ,Japan thorehi tha: Ire.ica soclety,as on the

lihi1e the

a1s. recal1 l.har, cacr

lopular in mJ Farls ot the 'o.1d. i xould like 1.o h€ar Jou ctudid riels: l.ihal. rould ol the viial rrlessonsr ,hi.h ihe rlnit.d States cy iare

learcd fton ihe lai? lrhat t3 the

U.

Unil,ed

-. Polirv |or a"ja

1. Ia.ri naiionsJ

especially

Japan,

i.ieiesi tn the fut@

of

u. s. policy tmard asia. u,e,oDld like to kn.rj for exampL, vbeiher ot not r,h. Nuon Doctride !i11 be Edeflned

of tr. s. fo.eiE. policx happ€n

a.d ba3es ihe Unlted

ula., ,ith

peace

states

in the

-'hlted siar,e3 EttiiMes

it

Indo-China penlnsula, do you foft3Be

toNard

nuope &d f,asl, Asia, ,e are novins

tre.d,

runii€d staies

ts

a.r

states reslond--o.

hd

ln

East?

idsd

a

detenie.

I!

Iolld

the tiehr of this srai€s

alproaches the

ta take to e.sure do you

chanses

,i11 shtft lrft nsia

4d stabilfty dGs r,he untted gotns

In prti.-

a by-prodncr of a vietnarese

possible rhai mJor Areri.an lnteresi

expe.t io pre%il 1n asia?

conait@nts

throuehout the reeion?

iicludins ,rare to Erope or the lltddle

general

io ihe niliiary

as

pesce

in asra? Ho{ d@s the unt€d

p.rcondIy respo.d--to rhe nEsran

for a joinr, collectiv. seculity arranserent for Asia?

Jointly pbdged not to seek hegerd, ln Did the United Sktes rerc1y go alone riih chlnese

derrfts

The United

sEt€s od

China have

or is this a ftm lre.ican resolve?

Koftan

peninsnla,

a.lexs

Nox do you see

tne

to Jap$? cd ih€

rcal1y lorn 3 n€uiral zoe? rdrat about the

tn this siatetunt,

flte of the

nsErLn

futre of SE,ttO?

costrt€s

1.,n. this poi.i, i,onfd like io in

I

ashinston?

ask

sax

to

J,ru car,eeodcallr rhar

Japan,lll .or

thts qEstion t€carse forre. secrerarr af

I,at.d appeared to Japaese nerspaper readeG io h. slssestins a

role ror

in

JaFan

ity

I

nilitary

sonrheasi asta.

possibly plal any miltiary role in

Feopl,

Defense

tsia,

tbe Japeese

sr.onglrr shodd mitdze ou effor"ls io help achieve sr,ab

f€e1

and derelopnent

in Asia. I

iha United sia."es e*Fects

Japan

xonder Hhat

t.

is

_

the .o1e o! lospo.slbtltry

asslm tn this resarn. Hdr Dr, Xissjrg€r,

elro ,s t,@a.d thts end? Hov c& nutul endeavor tor r,he bereflr .f rlsia

d6velop cooFelar,ive

of constructivc

1. Follsins dlEctly d

the

arJore

poiits, 1 feel

r,hat re

n$i discss

rhe

secuity lreaty rhai point, and

'e hare bet,een oE t,o_comtdes rhar forre rhe ptvor,al in ou orer{1} rc1atl s. In the lieht of rhe cease-ftrs tn viet.an

,hat appean ro be a qeneral

rdduciuion

of tahston ih&lehont asia, rhere

i3 colsiderable sentiieirsl ihi*ing in Japan urat ih6 dace. of co.trtct any,he!€ tn Asia is der and bhat the.e are no futher srrareeic requireUnit€d

Siaies

d her

alrtes.

oppGtr,ionisis si11 be pressi.g

for early sbrogarion ot rhe Secuit, Treqry? ar.agerent 3tt11 has valtdtx? rrctnally,

I

treaty, ne {111

an hopins

ll

able to

Do you

feel this secu

,y

rhar, r,hrcueh a llexibre ,nplerenrario of

shifi

non-ntlitary aEas ol po1il-ica1,

possibility of

rhe enphasis fron tne economic and

r,he

ni}iiary.spect to

cufiual coop€Dtion?

such a shif-u?

rhst rhe trade

can ybu

inbahnce

is lhe hosi serios poinr of

conten-"ton, a.d one

thai tends io

spe.l,ire cuft..les are ltnk4d {lih ihis 13sre. I

I

hare been deeply concerned ahori Lhis

Etier for q$t6 s.re ttre. I hsve siaied sxrplus ris-a{ls

on a nmber

of oc.a3tons thai

should iE rednced to

s.rethin!:Iike lxo Siuion d.lkrs . year by aroad 19?5. 1(onu Ery nuch

ltke to hear yor vie

whai, do you

be Pesiceni Nif,on's exp€ctations

yolself

acceF-u

busin€ss

sh.dd ref1ect, on

rcx arlee thai the unlted star€s

l. cmiinuine this line of

inis Biter? Ind do you to by rhat AErlcan or lack of actions? ca rcsponsibili.,y f., the

of Japd

the viexpornt subscdbed

on

qDestionlns, plsase foryi,e re

.iaFn lelaiions. I&y Japtues€

udelsied io

if i B. sl,iu fur-

{oried der iheir feelinE tbat yoD om ilterest and odeniailon have been pred.ninently xith Euope and noi ,iih Japs o. Asia.

Isajnst this backsromd, yd visited Jap& on r'o occasions 1si y€a. and Mde a b.ief stop-4e. in aebluary rhi3 these visits rou exchanced Tiss xith ]Hy.rapsese lddeh in ihe poltiical ard ecormic tields as rell as xith a ne]ber o, intenaiional polit,icat sci€ntists here, I my add that l pe.sona11y had the pleasG of b€tns haye

{ith repreoeniaiive Japancse, Jou E/ hare futher Efined you vie{s o ou comiry. l,Iould you tell re jusi hm you feel aboui Jals and 116 Jap&ese, a.d also,hat

,iu

knou abont Presideot riiaoh,s viens and r,hi.king

acinauy, you

iiLh

1.

r4ay

iha. in Jasan.

have

Harc

Japlnase ]â‚Ź8ders?

I

chanEe our snbject here

natre! Lok:.g i.to you dn past, {hat ioutd you say inffne.ced a scholar? x.d espectallJ /ou rcsi in you decision a scholar i! political s.i.nce and inte.@iI.naI relaL1ons. lhat !ou1, ,bu srJ are the particxlar e,e associati.n3 o. xdtings thai hare inflGnced yoE phtlosolhj or' diploB.y t. ure nosi prolohd,ay? that yon joiied P..sideni Nix.n ai l"\e lhiie HoEe pers@aI

at his l)ersonal reqEsl,

and eve. since ihen you hane lnaol"ed

rtral, 1 xoxtrd

call a sarsantua mchinery ol pner

tel1

1ed you r,o decide

of

us

{hai

Lhe United

and

yoursell tn

aurhority, to!}d

you

to leare Harvard to {oii

States?

s a thinker. Po, do you

feel about the atrr6ction that rpo,e.t tuv offer t. hen beines? Are iberc

of l.reign Folt., is ojtâ‚Źn described as be:ne trnonideol3sicalr, based @ sta* rca1isn llthin holever, --ed perhaps herc I an pa*tcula.1J inflrenced b/ ihe .rapaese are srill a doainanL foice 1n the b.oad area ot poriti.at and cnltual 1lle. So Lould ltke to kn., ?hai sort of sisnifrcece-{.

Your philoso.h,

hd nuh stsnificance--you find in ihe

tveryone

dI1

asree

!o1e of ldeologies

ihai ,-u are one

peace

of nind?

I io.der

ren xhether

in .r rorld

in

the ,ho1e

rorti,

in you

da11J

rlu agree ihat in lhe ,:orld-{ot necessarily the I1loxld

mnge oI

cDltual

and

liJe ,hen you leel relaxed

ada.nced

and haye

a

3ense

industrtal nalions throushont tbe a.d ,apan 8lone--iheft are a n-!de-

socioLeical crtses that are rapidtr codns to the

foe? Student tlo. of you r are s@ of th€

in }arye ciuies

and a seening eliena-

exanp1e6.

ef,pkrn,hat the F.oblem are all about, many observers sayinc thar the cultual base of oE iradiiio.al 3oc1e-uies is breakins 'lrlang

1ile, \hat

1,o

do you

think

5. Drins Presideniial visite talked at lensih

are dovn

{ould you sal a 1'e ,o(ts

t,o

Pekjig md xoscn last year e.l also dur.ins

{tth na.y or th_a,orldis t.p

for conteiporaly po1tii.a1 leadershiD,

leaddrshlp.

Can you

s.y

a

1.,ts Pftsideni Nixon si6bd Ery cIearly, ii is lnFeratiye fo! u all today t,o b,i1d d naintain . :.ieration ot p€ace. Hore€r, peace,i11 remln prec.riomindeed,so1o.aasitiSl,bem1niai.edxtthin of the strat gy o, nacl€ar det€rft.ce. obviouslyr ihis strat€ey postts the bur I don,t belieE -!ha1, M's Easonins ce be costed npon

ir

3uch a

have sore other corponents

that nay c.mpensaie Jor txe insi.insic lallacy

-6-

of the rrbalance

Nsi

ii rhat a s6nse of mltraI trust is rostered an ns rhe leade.s md opinion-raiers of differin the l9:g!!!_!:lgts aErt€rly o!

Janury, rt?l iJ beuel fiai xe nus! ,!rk hanlcr to do a,ay prejudtc€, anirositJ and sEpicton ad.nat 6uch actions liu help to ]ay a lim sroudro* for a lasti.e peace. I rould like,eir nuch lo hear you. see ro

in ihis themonucleer ae6?

f. ihis .uclear

aee, boln the unfted stares

ad

the soyiet union {111

,oi1d, rhe accoiFlishBnts 1n ihe SALT nesotiations of last ,€d Mdoubtedly lEk€d a sisnifica.i siep fo 8rd. The erirerely coiDlicatedj re kno,, ed dtrficu:li loi re gerera1 reader io conprehend. But. ca, you outlrne the trend of futher nesotiattons t@ard conplete nElear disarmrent? Are there tuy com. goak or pDpooes betu€en ihe suFrporers --the United Stai.s a.d ihe so,iei Union in reeanl r,o nrc1ear disa@rent? and ho, can srch

rediu-clas3 nuclea. pore.s as chi.a $d France be persHied

. oin T o' i,

lr.

Japan

,ith

a.ra -r' 4D -:n

o, ..:

ras ihe lirst natlon--aod I do hoFe it, hill be the last,--to he ar,iacked

abnnc \€apons. The Japanese ,over.rext has pr.claimd tr,s th.€e .on-

n!.lear principles md has comiiied ftselI to a policy thai ii ",tD never s. nulear. r hope thai ou sde..renr, N 1 take sore tnlr,tati,e i. ,orkins r:mard

nulear disarrerent

t.

and

intehaiional .o.trc1 of nlc1esr !6apons.

dec1are, as ahlna has done,

that they *i11noi E6 dncl€.r

or blacknail non-n'llear poxers. rf all tive .uclear po€rs rere io issE su.h a mnif.sio, ii vould so a lona,ar r,mard nini-

ihc t.equltias that

ln ihe NPI. 1 "onder uhethe. the IJ.s. to\emreni 1s lreF.ftd to mke seh a declaraiion. If

1. Erly lasi slmer rho. yon roE in Tokyd yon rei yith the press ed nade ad obse*ation thai in the niliiarJ field rhe uorld todaJr as y.tr see ii, is essen-"la11y ,bi-po1a.,j ,hile u the econontc flsld lt is rrmltipolar, . The. you added that in ihe polltrca1 li.Id the i6 rrsorerhere

'or1d

in bet een'.

of ,polarttyi vhich ,as behind rijeE you 3nge63tlos ihe tnevitabillty of a cenrer of a

would you elaborate upon the conc6p."

po,ei oloc, be tt Foliiical o. econdic? rf soJ r an.o." sE thar 11 proposiiion, for ine reastus that Llu describe.

First, tl

a

13

natio. lais to assure a.entu.al role in the poliiical

niqht say thal ii js td€.ttfying -itself xjr,h rsni ai ihe expe.ee cf the tntegdty and intetusl.s of lesser pc{ers. su.h a positton troxld even the odncil1e lard dox., fo! exanple, fie1d,

one

in the sins-u.s. joinr, comuiqEJ ,hi.h ctealb 3ra:es r'hat ,@Jor p&ers,i should .o'- I di,ide up ih€ ,or1d tnr.o Secondly, a

nltion lhich has ihe tubfi.ion io !1aI a leadershi, E1e

prot€cttonisn on th€ part, of other tradine s.rins hack

io ,.ur .beNa:ioos, I

rpoladty, yoa had

assure

ihat

pari.ersi

xhen you ralked abort

mjor

in rhe Hoxeylr, r Ey not,. thar Jail1n is diaret.ical1y oFpmac io e in any shape xhatsoeler.

i.

naj.r,cior in rery mD.h iJ you u.uld 6k beconrne a

r,oo as a

l,he sare

-B-

Nour

coirponent

equarion.

of p.rer poli cs, r appreciate , ot rFoladiy,,

2. EEn afte! r,h€ seti1etu.i of tbe Lrtetnan {ar, rhe Slao-soviei tensid is 1ik.1y io pose a serious th&at t. pea.e. Natually in lsia re ar6 Creaity con.erned about it. rL{ean,hi1a, the }orld laces th€ mquesriored ererrence of 0htna

on the

intemaiional

scene.

tora deie.ie? xhat is the likely !i11 deElop in asia? l. lJ

this

par,i6rn of the fdeicn poticies rhe/

hd is r,he unlied st3tes eoiii i,o derelop a siable relationship uiih both chtd ad the sovier union? can you corent on the Lkelthood of loml dipromti: relaiions ,lih chba? and xhere ,h

a5 a backsroudr

does the United Sia&s

VIL

0n

sodnnent stand as resards Taiye and tts turue?

rrerica,s .,rMd D.sl,

1. l rould like to he$ you vi*s csc€lning ?Ieslde.i Nisor's phtlosophy on the neh sdructu. of a lasttns Feace. Irhat, uontd lrcu say is r,he fEnEork of his thinkine? I,ihat aft sore of tbe specific policies 1,he xtxon adminisrEiion is Eolns 1,o dere1o peac6? uhar is the adnini5l,rar:ton,s vlex on Lhe role io be .sswd by rhe untted Na."iohs? r niF,ht sal, pare.-"her,_ icaI1y that a nmber of Japaese thintr l,hai ure unit.d Stares mishi sh4 nore &'"i?e inteEsi tu rhe rcle of the u.N. in buildins and Minialrinc,o.ld

inaqlual addftss, sr,resied aoth ihe necessiiy d the liaitatians ot s trerrc&.ote in nalnr,ainioE rodd Feace, ad cauedforeffoIt9ofseu-de1ponthepa.t,of.a.h 1 beliere ihat these are highlJ

Easonabl

and

xoutd ltke to

lresten t;nrole no!1d ttke to

have

U.S. forces

reBtn theie.

0n

the other haad, trey Amricas se expressile

lhe yiex that the u.s, should pull ont .t Eu.pe once a.d to, au. sinilsr-

otini.!6 are €xpressed co..erning tdtcan bases &d troops tn Jape as re}) as i. a3ra ed the Hos ,111 ihe untied

1y conaltciinq

Siat€s endea,or to accoB.:Ddat. th6se co^rlicrins desiGs and rish_"s?

The advanced

ind$t.lal nationsj

r,he Unfted Sratesr caneder JaDe and the

"uhe ed politicd instlrurions and hare na.Jr @y inl,.rests in con@ such as nutually bereticlal expansion ol lnte.mtional irade problere of enairon, rental pollutio! and so.la1 mrest in ou clr,les. rn in, riei, ft shoxld be .b16 t. cmrribute in a more direct ray ro e ode!1y md prosperoE volId tl xe k.!1, :n clNer towh ,ith each oiber, cosnttt.s ed coopra:ing iogroup, shai6

eether on

@tte*

oa

nntEl

as

,.11 as

e1oba1

sis.lticece. I xo.de. it

are i.clnded 1. Pieside.t Nixonrs

r!ft of last:ng Feace?

The

lltddle East,, lrondere.rape dra,s nost :r3

oilr &mins a troubling,

.ot to sa, a f.ishtenins area. I xoutd lrke ro ask yotr xhat chances yor see to solve the c.ists oI ihe uidd} nasr?

5. 1 tun to the s.-.a1r.d No lL-solth problen--rhe sro,lns ixrralan.e in develo!rent betreen ihe inds1,.!a1 poNerc and the devetoptns nations, 1 Lelieve Lhai rbe is elvine crear, trouehr to the s)bjecr of

assisience, nucn .oncemed, The reaknesses ot aid Frosiare in ihe pasi aweI1-knom. f!i6 mkes re H4dor xhelher .r noi erFhasis nigbr possibly be rhifr,€d from slnsle_ninded effor,ls r,o developnent

econodc and .of,Freh..si,e ap_ proa.h ibai ,ould enconlass culiDal e{t sociological jnF.oyerenis sd rcdernizsllon alonq xith cco.onic !r@ih. llav. Jou rh.DdrL alonq ihese pronoie

nr. Ilissin&r, 1 an.onfident xe da. asree thai fddndry Japatusa-nrerican relaiions ae dbl1y inpoltaor: for ihe sm,lained p€ace ad elorine prosr,h. vor1d. lhts obyios faci rues 1r intl€ra € fo. us comtanily t,o Eriex 1.,e ne.d a 3ord-searching reelanl-laiion of thenj I beliere. 0u. rehttonship is e €rolving one. It certainly differs fron Nha," it ,as for so after the 'dny Jlars 'ar. once ,e fta1tze rhat ou .elations tluly ae ai the presoor re-define ,hat, i.tercsts arc. no you ae.ee ,ith rhis analyThen,

I lhi.k, cr tvo

serioc discNsi..s oushi to

preva

govermenis a.d F€oples shoxld e.saee

on Lhe kind

beireeo ou

of muial

in ne,,

and .ooperar,ire

ilo .ortrie3. r fi nx believe rhai sEh

a

}!n asree ,ith thi5 ri6, ol nine ihar ve should take ever, singre olpoltmtiy to fuure! €xpand oy dialoSE? -To re ii seem rhe sfest xay to Edue nistrusl, thai ray a.iso od the best ,ay 1n to Suild a fur,ure 'hlch of berefii ad hapDiness for us a1l. uould