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RLCS, Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 73 – Pages 19 to 36 [Research] [Funded] | DOI:10.4185/RLCS-2018-1243en| ISSN 1138-5820 | Year 2018 How to cite this article in bibliographies / References J Gallardo-Camacho, FR Trujillo Fernández, A Jorge Alonso (2017): “Individualism as an improvised strategy in the dispersion of jihadist videos in YouTube”. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 73, pp. 19 to 36. http://www.revistalatinacs.org/073paper/1243/02en.html DOI: 10.4185/RLCS-2018-1243en

Individualism as an improvised strategy in the spreading of jihadist videos on YouTube Jorge Gallardo-Camacho [CV] [ ORCID] [ GS] Associate Professor of the Department of Audiovisual Communication of Universidad Camilo José Cela (Spain) jgallardo@ucjc.edu F.R. Trujillo Fernández [ ORCID] [ GS] Graduate in Audiovisual Communication and doctoral student of Universidad de Málaga frtrujillo@uma.es Ana Jorge Alonso [CV] [ ORCID] [ GS] Professor and researcher. Universidad de Málaga, (UMA) Spain – aja@uma.es

Abstract [EN] Introduction: The jihadist global movement changes its mechanics of ideological diffusion when amplifying its message thanks to the viral expansion on social networks and the role of individual users. Methodology: This study analyses a total of 234 videos collected from the searches with more visualizations using four definitions considered by the UN about the jihadist organization Jabhat al Nusrah, which changed its name on July 2016 to Jabhat Fateh Al Sham. Results and conclusions: We confirm that jihadist organizations do not have the capacity to fully control their discourse on YouTube due to the huge spreading and to the role of individual users in the generation of new contents that easily avoid the platform’s restrictions. Besides, we conclude that the accessible videos are of amateur, violent type, with jihadist aesthetic, without barely any postproduction process and with scarce presence of traditional media acting as amplifiers for the violent discourse. Keywords YouTube; terrorism; jihadism; virality; video; propaganda. Contents 1. Introduction. 1.1. Hypothesis and research objectives. 1.2. The origin of Jabhat al Nusrah. 2. Methodology. 2.1. Sample selection process. 2.2. Identification of jihadist content of Jabhat al Nusrah on YouTube. 3. Results. 3.1. Spreading of contents through YouTube channels. 3.2. Categorization of

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