Cikidang Fish Landing Base - Thesis

REKA RUPA RUANG Final Architectural Design Studio

Revitalisa on of Cikidang Fish Landing Base

as the iden ty of Pangandaran’s Fishing Tourism Area with a Local Wisdom Approach

Res Nurwinda 17512162 Supervisor : Arif Budi Sholihah, S.T.,M.Sc.,Ph.D

UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMME IN ARCHITECTURE Berdasarkan SK BAN-PT No: 3523/SK/BAN-PT/Akred-ltnl/S/VI/2020 No: 3522/SK/BAN-PT/Akred-ltnl/PP/VI/2020

Undergraduate Final Project with the tle

Revitalisa on of Cikidang Fish Landing Base as the iden ty of Pangandaran’s Fishing Tourism Area with a Local Wisdom Approach

Res Nurwinda 17512162 Supervisor : Arif Budi Sholihah, S.T.,M.Sc.,Ph.D

Department of Architecture Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning Universitas Islam Indonesia 2022/2023

UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMME IN ARCHITECTURE Berdasarkan SK BAN-PT No: 3523/SK/BAN-PT/Akred-ltnl/S/VI/2020 No: 3522/SK/BAN-PT/Akred-ltnl/PP/VI/2020

AUTHENTICATION SHEET Final Architectural Design Studio En tled:

Revitalisa on of Cikidang Fish Landing Base as the iden ty of Pangandaran’s Fishing Tourism Area with a Local Wisdom Approach The original tle version: “Revitalisasi Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Cikidang sebagai iden tas kawasan wisata nelayan Pangandaran dengan pendekatan kearifan lokal”

Student’s Full Name

: Res Nurwinda

Student’s Iden fica on

: 17512162

Has been evaluated and agreed on

: Yogyakarta, 17 January 2023

Supervisor

1st Jury

2nd Jury

Arif Budi Sholihah, S.T., M. Sc., Ph.D

Dr. -Ing. Putu Ayu P. Agus ananda, S.T.,M.A.

Ir. Wiryono Raharjo, M. Arch., Ph.D

Acknowledged by: Head of Undergraduate Program in Architecture

Ir. Hanif Budiman, M.T., Ph. D

iv

STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY By signing this form, I: Student Name : Res Nurwinda Student Number : 17512162 Study Program : Architecture Faculty : Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning University : Universitas Islam Indonesia state that all parts of the thesis work/ final project en tle:

Revitalisa on of Cikidang Fish Landing Base as the iden ty of Pangandaran’s Fishing Tourism Area with a Local Wisdom Approach is a work of the author’s idea with input from supervisor and juries, except for the work men oned in the references. There was no help from any other party, either in whole or in part, in the process of crea ng this work. The final result of this work was handed over to the Department of Architecture, Islamic University of Indonesia, for educa onal and publica on purposes, while the intellectual property rights remain with the author.

Yogyakarta, 25 January 2023 Author,

Res Nurwinda

v

Abstract The diversity of resources in Pangandaran Regency offers significant poten al for produc ve economic u lisa on. One of the key sectors influencing the income of Pangandaran Regency is the fisheries sector. However, the income from fishermen’s catches does not consistently significantly impact their earnings. This is due to several factors, including the uncertainty of fishing seasons and fish scarcity periods, extreme weather condi ons, unpredictable wind direc ons, and inadequate facili es and infrastructure. Addi onally, there is a lack of proper sales venues to support fishermen’s secondary livelihoods, such as ebi shrimp processing, handicra produc on, palm sugar produc on, salted fish produc on, and more.

The fishing village in Babakan Village emerged as a result of the 2006 Pangandaran tsunami, which destroyed several fishermen’s se lements. Consequently, the current fishermen’s se lements are located near the Cikidang Fish Landing Base (PPI) in Babakan Village, Pangandaran. PPI Cikidang serves as a mooring facility for fishermen’s boats. However, revitalisa on is needed to enhance the produc ve economic ac vi es of fishermen and the fishing village area. This revitalisa on aims to reinvigorate the fishing area and a ract both local and interna onal tourists to the new tourist des na on in the PPI Cikidang area. The revitalisa on approach should incorporate local wisdom to create a dis nc ve impression and highlight the cultural characteris cs of the fishermen's area, drawing from tradi onal Sundanese cultural forms to strengthen the site's image. The expected outcome of this discussion is to increase the primary income of fishermen, which fluctuates due to certain factors, by providing and improving the quality of facili es and infrastructure. Addi onally, it aims to boost fishermen’s income through secondary earnings by establishing a produc on centre in Babakan Village.

Keywords: Fishermen, fishing village, Babakan Village, fish landing base, produc ve economy, local wisdom, Pangandaran

vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I Cover iii Title iv Authen ca on Sheet v Statement of Authen city vi Abstract vii Table of Contents ix List of Figures xi List of Tables

01. Introduc on

13 Breakdown 14 Babakan Village as a Fishing Tourism Area of Pangandaran 16 Cikidang Fish Landing Base as a Suppor ng Element of the Fishing Tourism Area Iden ty in Pangandaran 18 Cikidang Fish Landing Base as a Fishermen's Income Sector 19 Sea Ritual (Hajat Laut)Tradi on as a Local Wisdom Ac vity 20 Statement of Design Issues and Limita ons 21 Problem Limita ons 22 Method of Solving Design Issues 23 Problem-Solving Map (Framework of Thinking) 24 Originality and Novelty

02.

Problem Explora on

26 Study of Site Context 27 Site Area and Building Regula ons 28 Correla on between West Coast - East Coast - Cikidang Fish Landing Base - Babakan Village 29 Correla on between Cikidang Fish Landing Base - Fishing Village - PIAMARI Aquarium 30 Access to the Site Loca on 31 Site Data - wind orienta on data, average temperature data, and sun chart data 32 Ac vity Flow of Cikidang Fish Landing Base 34 Exis ng Site Area Situa on 36 Exis ng Flood Control Data at the River Estuary in Cikidang Fish Landing Base 37 Clean Water System Data and Vegeta on Exis ng 38 Building Exis ng Size Data 41 Study of Fish Landing Base Building Func ons 47 Study of Local Wisdom 55 Precedent Study 62 Schema c Analysis of Concept Synthesis

03.

Problem Solving

64 Exis ng Building Analysis 66 Site Analysis Data 70 Analysis of Ac vity Pa erns 74 Zoning and Plo ng Design Concept 75 Mass Arrangement Design Concept 76 Mass Arrangement Axonometry 77 Synthesis of Design Concept

vii

04.

Problem Resolu on

86 Property Size 88 Situasi 89 Site Plan 90 Building Plan 94 Building Area View 96 Building View 99 Building Sec on 102 The Sound of Local Wisdom 105 Folded Plate Roof Detail - Rainwater Harves ng Process 106 Landscape Furniture Detail 107 U lity System 108 Building Safety System 109 Barrier Free 110 Natural Ligh ng and Air Condi oning Scheme 111 Exploded Axonometric of Cikidang Fish Landing Base 112 Ac vity Flow at Cikidang Fish Landing Base 116 Annual Local Wisdom Event: Hajat Laut Fishermen's Ritual in Pangandaran 117 Exterior and Interior Perspec veProperty Size

05.

Design Evalua on

124 Reloca on of Lighthouse Loca on 125 Comparison Between Exis ng Lighthouse - New Lighthouse 126 Revitalisa on of New Tourism at Cikidang Fish Landing Base 129 Change of Space Func on

06. A achment 07. References

viii

131 Plagiarism Check Result Statement Le er - Turni n Check (Indonesian Version) 132 Intellectual Property e-Copyright Cer ficate (Indonesian Version) 133 Presenta on Board 141 References

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Aerial view of Pangandaran Source: mundomaya.travel/wisata-pangandaran, 2021 Figure 1.2 Illustra on of ebi shrimp produc on Source: infopublik.id/kategori/nusantara/492196/melihat-prosespembuatan-ebi-di-bulungan, 2020 Figure 1.3 Illustra on of palm sugar produc on Source: food.de k.com/berita-boga/d-5815652/manis-alami-begini-carabikin-gula-aren-khas-kampung-kuta-ciamis, 2021 Figure 1.4 Illustra on of salted fish produc on Source: radartasik.disway.id/read/632530/bahan-jambal-ro -dipangandaran-ternyata-dari-tegal-dan-pekalongan, 2022 Figure 1.5 Sea cra s produc on Source: mesindonesia.co.id/read/news/388369/hasil-kerajinan-tanganseni-ukir-warga-pangandaran-dimina -turis-asing, 2021 Figure 1.6 Aerial view of Cikidang Fish Landing Base Source: facebook.com/pppangandaran/, 2021 Figure 1.7 Fish Auc on Source: Author, 2022 Figure 1.8 Naviga on and Communica on Source: Author, 2022 Figure 1.9 Ice Factory Installa on Source: Author, 2022 Figure 1.10 PIAMARI Quality Development Laboratory Source: pangandarannews.com, 2019 Figure 1.11 Office of Marine and Fisheries Resources Supervision Source: Author, 2022 Figure 1.12 Mosque Source: Author, 2022 Figure 1.13 Fishermen's Hostel Source: Author, 2022 Figure 1.14 Canteen Source: Author, 2022 Figure 1.15 Shelter/ Fishing Equipment Storage Source: Author, 2022 Figure 1.16 Pangandaran Sea Ritual Tradi on Source: news.mypangandaran.com/berita/read/budaya/2295/hajat-lautpantai-pangandaran-digelar-1-muharram-1440h, 2019 Figure 1.17 Map of Non-Architectural Issues Source: Author, 2022 Figure 1.18 Design Conflict Map Source: Author, 2022 Figure 1.19 Design Thinking: A Non-Linear Process by David Kelley Source: David Kelley with Author modifica ons, 2022 Figure 1.20 Framework of Thinking Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.1 Macro - Micro Design Loca on Map Source: openstreetmap.org with author modifica ons, 2022 Figure 2.2 Site Area Source: google maps with author modifica ons, 2022 Figure 2.3 Correla on between West Coast - East Coast - Cikidang Fish Landing - Babakan Village Source: openstreetmap.org with author modifica ons, 2022

Figure 2.4 Correla on between Cikidang Fish Landing - Fishing Village PIAMARI (Aquarium) Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.5 Access to the Site Source: openstreetmap.org with author modifica ons, 2022 Figure 2.6 Wind Orienta on Data Source: meteoblue.com Figure 2.7 Average Temperature Data Source: meteoblue.com Figure 2.8 Sun Chart Data Source: andrewmarsh.com/so ware/ Figure 2.9 Ac vity Flow of Cikidang Fish Landing Base Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.10 Schema c of Exis ng Area Situa on Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.11 Exis ng Site View Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.12 Flood Control Zone Source: Google Earth with author modifica ons, 2022 Figure 2.13 Je y Construc on Using Armour Stone Source: PUPR, 2021 Figure 2.14 Dredging of River Mouth in the Cikidang Fish Landing Base Cikidang Area Source: PUPR, 2021 Figure 2.15 Clean Water Network System and Exis ng Vegeta on Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.16 Building Exis ng Size Data Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.17 Auc on Room Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.18 Cashier Desk Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.19 Standard Size Loading Dock Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.20 Service Desk Cross-Sec on Illustra on at the Fish Market Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.21 Fuel Pump Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.22 Ice Plant System Layout Illustra on Source: kkp.go.id Figure 2.23 Electrical Work Measurement Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.24 Cold Storage Illustra on Source: kibrispdr.org/unduh-1/desain-cold-storage.html Figure 2.25 Workshop Area Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.26 Slipway Illustra on Source: Scior no, J. A., Barcali, A., and Carlesi, M. (1995) Figure 2.27 Standard Size and Distance Between Fishing Vessels Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.28 Minimum Size Layout of Work Space Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on

ix

Figure 2.29 Standard Size of Mushalla Ac vi es Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.30 Standard Parking Size Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.31 Standard Car Parking Size Illustra on Source: Ministry of Public Works and Housing Figure 2.32 Standard Motorcycle Parking Size Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.33 Standard Bicycle Parking Size Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.34 Standard Public Toilet Size Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.35 Standard Disabled Toilet Size Illustra on Source: lingkarsosial.org Figure 2.36 Standard Culinary Tourism Table Size Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.37 Fisherman's Homestead Requirements Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architects' Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.38 Fishermen A er Fishing Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.39 Fishermen Sor ng Fish Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.40 Fish Auc on Atmosphere at Cikidang Fish Landing Base Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.41 Street Vendor Atmosphere at Cikidang Fish Landing Base Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.42 Linear Pa ern Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.43 Centralised Pa ern Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.44 Radial Pa ern Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.45 Sundanese Tradi onal House Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.46 Sundanese Architectural Roof Pa ern Source: Author, 2022 Figure 2.47 Flower Sprinkling at Sea Ritual in East Beach Pangandaran Source: dailypangandaran.com, 2022 Figure 2.48 Ijab Dongdang Illustra on Source: travel.de k.com/travel-news/d-5169032/hajat-laut-pangandarantetap-digelar-meriah, 2020 Figure 2.49 Kemitan Dongdang Illustra on Source: news.mypangandaran.com/berita/read/budaya/2700/syukurannelayan-pangandaran-tradisi-turun-temurun-dari-leluhur, 2022 Figure 2.50 Kirab Dongdang Illustra on Source: mypangandaran.com/galeri/read/175/3295/dokumentasi-hajatlaut-pantai-barat-pangandaran, 2014 Figure 2.51 Larung-Tawasul Illustra on Source: mypangandaran.com/galeri/read/175/3293/dokumentasi-hajatlaut-pantai-barat-pangandaran, 2014 Figure 2.52 Cucurak Illustra on Source: metropolitan.id/2018/05/tradisi-cucurak-ajang-silaturahmimenyambut-ramada/, 2018

x

Figure 2.53 Art Performance Illustra on Source: mypangandaran.com/galeri/read/175/3292/dokumentasi-hajatlaut-pantai-barat-pangandaran, 2014 Figure 2.54 Ac vity Flow at the Harbour Source: 3xn.com/project/sydney-fish-market Figure 2.55 Jaffa Port Market Source: Jacobs-Yaniv Architects, (archdaily), 2012 Figure 2.56 Waterfront Tavern-Shell Cove Source: Murray Fredericks, and Richard Glover, 2021 Figure 2.57 Fishing Boat Harbor and 'River' of Liopetri Source: archdaily, 2012 Figure 2.58 Sydney Fish Market Source: archdaily.com, 2020 Figure 2.59 Concept Synthesis Analysis Scheme based on Variable Study Analysis Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.1 Exis ng Building Analysis Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.2 Exis ng Building and Planning Analysis Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.3 Circula on Analysis Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.4 View Analysis Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.5 Climate Analysis Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.6 Zoning Analysis Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.7 Analysis of Fishermen Ac vity Pa erns Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.8 Analysis of Manager Ac vity Pa erns Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.9 Analysis of Trader Ac vity Pa erns Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.10 Analysis of Visitor Ac vity Pa erns Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.11 Zoning and Plo ng Design Concept Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.12 Mass Arrangement Design Concept Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.13 Mass Arrangement Axonometry Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.14 Exterior Concept of Fish Auc on Place Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.15 Interior Concept of Fish Auc on Place Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.16 Building Envelope Concept for Culinary Tourism Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.17 Fish Market Ceiling Concept Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.18 Void-Ramp Area Concept for Fish Market and Culinary Tourism Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.19 Jolopong Roof Transforma on Concept for Fish Auc on Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.20 Julang Ngapak Roof Transforma on Concept for Fish Market Source: Author, 2022 Figure 3.21 Waterfront Circula on Concept Source: Author, 2022

LIST OF TABLES Figure 3.22 Amphitheatre Concept for Sea Ritual Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.1 Situa on Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.2 Site Plan Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.3 Floor Plan of Ship Maintenance Area and Fisherman's Homestead Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.4 Floor Plan of Fish Auc on Place and Cikidang Fish Landing Base Office Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.5 Floor Plan of Cra and Souvenir Centre in Babakan Village Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.6 Fish Market Floor PlanSource: Author, 2022 Figure 4.7 Culinary Area (Seafood) Floor Plan Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.8 Building Area View - West Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.9 Building Area View - East Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.10 Building Area View - North Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.11 Building Area View - South Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.12 Building View - Ship Maintenance Area and Fisherman's Homestead Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.13 Building View - Fish Auc on Place and Souvenir Centre Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.14 Building View - Fish Market and Culinary Area (Seafood) Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.15 Building Sec on S1 - Fish Market Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.16 Building Sec on S2 - Fish Auc on Place Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.17 Building Sec on S3 - Fisherman's Homestead Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.18 Sound Spots of Kolo k Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.19 Sound Spots of Angklung Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.20 Sound Spots of Angklung Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.21 Folded Plate Roof Detail Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.22 Landscape Furniture Detail Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.23 U lity System Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.24 Building Safety System Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.25 Barrier-Free Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.26 Natural Ligh ng and Ven la on Scheme Source: Author, 2022 Figure 4.27 Exploded Axonometry of Cikidang Fish Landing Base Source: Author, 2022

Table 1.1 Availability of Facili es for Fish Landing Base Source: kkp.go.id with modifica ons by the author, 2022 Table 1.2 Number of Fishermen and Capture Fisheries Produc on for 2018 Source: Government of Pangandaran Regency, 2018 Table 1.3 Originality and Novelty Source: Author, 2022 Table 2.1 Func onal and Suppor ng Facili es for the Harbour Source: kkp.go.id, 2022 Table 2.2 Sources of Local Wisdom Source: Meliono, I., 2022 Table 2.3 Aspects and Influences of Design in the Marine Area Source: Muniruddin, 2002 Table 2.4 Considera ons of Physical Environmental Condi ons in the Marine AreaSource: Muniruddin, 2002 Table 2.5 Sources of Local Wisdom Based on Waterfront Tavern Study Source: Author based on local wisdom study, 2022 Table 2.6 Sources of Local Wisdom Based on Fishing Boat Harbor and 'River' of Liopetri Study Source: Author based on local wisdom study, 2022 Table 2.7 Sources of Local Wisdom Based on 3XN’s Sydney Fish Market Study Source: Author based on local wisdom study, 2022 Table 4.1 Requirements and Standards for Func onal Facili es Source: Author's Analysis, 2022 Table 4.2 Requirements and Standards for Suppor ng Facili es Source: Author's Analysis, 2022

xi

01.

Introduc on // Breakdown Babakan Village as a Fishing Tourism Area of Pangandaran Cikidang Fish Landing Base as a Suppor ng Element of the Fishing Tourism Area Iden ty in Pangandaran Cikidang Fish Landing Base as a Fishermen's Income Sector Sea Ritual (Hajat Laut)Tradi on as a Local Wisdom Ac vity Statement of Design Issues and Limita ons Method of Solving Design Issues Problem-Solving Map (Framework of Thinking) Originality and Novelty

BREAKDOWN a. Title

:

Revitalisa on of Cikidang Fish Landing Base as the Iden ty of Pangandaran’s Fishing Tourism Area with a Local Wisdom Approach

b. Title Explana on

: The design for the revitalisa on of Cikidang Fish Landing Base aims to provide harbour facili es that support fishing tourism in the Pangandaran coastal area. It also serves as a venue for local wisdom ac vi es for fishermen and small business operators or street vendors (PKL) in Babakan village. The defini on of “Revitalisa on of Cikidang Fish Landing Base as the Iden ty of Pangandaran’s Fishing Tourism Area with a Local Wisdom Approach” can be broken down as follows:

Revitalisa on

: Revitalisa on is not merely about reviving what previously existed but enhancing the structure, work mechanisms, and adap ng to new condi ons. The revitalisa on process of an area includes improvements in physical, economic, and social aspects. It must recognise and u lise environmental poten als such as history, meaning, loca on uniqueness, and place image (Adriani, W., 2021).

Fish Landing Base

: A fundamental facility for fishermen to moor their fishing boats and land their catches (Pusat Informasi Pelabuhan Perikanan, 2013).

Iden ty of the Area

: An image formed from the biological rhythm of a par cular place or space that reflects me (sense of me) and grows rooted in the social, economic, and cultural ac vi es of the community itself (Ambarwa , T., et al., 2019).

Tourism

: Economic development by marke ng landscapes, human cultural products, and transforming areas and communi es into tourism products (Picard, M., 2006).

Fishermen

: An individual or a group of people who earn their income from catching fish or other marine animals (Putri, V. K. M., 2021).

Local Wisdom

: Conceptual ideas exis ng in society that grow and develop sustainably within the community's consciousness and func on to regulate community life, par cularly related to sacred life (Antariksa, 2009).

Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Cikidang

13

Babakan Village

as a Fishing Tourism Area of Pangandaran Pangandaran Regency is one of the Na onal Strategic Tourism Areas (KSPN) in West Java Province. Pangandaran is closely associated with natural tourism, cultural arts, and fishermen's cultural ac vi es.

One of its tourist des na ons is Babakan Village, a fishing-themed tourist village located administra vely in Babakan Village, Pangandaran District. It has an area of 6.04 km² and a popula on of 11,103, with most of its residents engaged in agriculture and fishing (rice farming, secondary crops, and fishing) (Ministry of Public Works and Housing of the Republic of Indonesia, 2021).

Babakan Village consists of five hamlets, each with its unique characteris cs and features. The village offers a tourism experience by exploring each hamlet, which specialises in various products such as ebi shrimp processing, handicra making, palm sugar produc on, salted fish produc on, and more (My Pangandaran, 2017).

14

Figure 1.1 Aerial view Pangandaran Source: mundomaya.travel/wisata-pangandaran, 2021 The diversity of resources in Pangandaran Regency presents significant poten al for produc ve economic u lisa on. However, public interest in the tradi onal Sundanese culture of Pangandaran has been declining, as evidenced by the low number of visits to local cultural sites, including Babakan Village (the fishing village). This contrasts sharply with the high number of tourists visi ng natural a rac ons such as rivers, waterfalls, and beaches. This lack of interest has led to a diminished sense of cultural iden ty, with many tradi onal Sundanese architectural buildings being abandoned.

Therefore, there is a need for coopera on between PPI Cikidang and the fishing village community to establish commercial facili es that support the poten al of Babakan Village's local produc ve economic ac vi es. These facili es should provide tourists with an impression of the tradi onal Sundanese culture of Pangandaran.

Product Centre of Babakan Village

1

2

1

Figure 1.2

illustra on of ebi shrimp produc on Source: infopublik.id/kategori/nusantara/4 92196/melihat-proses-pembuatanebi-di-bulungan, 2020

2

Figure 1.3

illustra on of palm sugar produc on Source: food.de k.com/berita-boga/d5815652/manis-alami-begini-carabikin-gula-aren-khas-kampungkuta-ciamis, 2021

3

4

3

Figure 1.4

ilustra on of salted fish produc on Source: radartasik.disway.id/read/632 530/bahan-jambal-ro -dipangandaran-ternyata-daritegal-dan-pekalongan, 2022

4

Figure 1.5

Sea Cra s Produc on Source: mesindonesia.co.id/read/ne ws/388369/hasil-kerajinant a n ga n - s e n i - u k i r- w a rga pangandaran-dimina -turisasing, 2021

15

Cikidang Fish Landing Base as a Suppor ng Element of the Fishing Tourism Area Iden ty in Pangandaran Cikidang Fish Landing Base (Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan) is located in Babakan Village, Pangandaran District, Pangandaran Regency, with geographic coordinates of -7.68269 S and 108.6715 E. PPI Cikidang was constructed in 2003, ini ally managed by the Regional Government of Ciamis Regency. The original purpose of building PPI Cikidang was to accommodate fishing boats that were overcrowding the western beach area of Pangandaran. This was part of a beach reorganisa on plan by the regional government of Ciamis Regency.

In early 2013, Pangandaran officially separated from Ciamis Regency to become a New Autonomous Region (DOB) of Pangandaran Regency, thus the management of PPI Cikidang transi oned to the Pangandaran Regency Government. In 2017, the opera onal management of PPI Cikidang was taken over by the central government under the Directorate General of Capture Fisheries (DJPT) of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries.

This move aligned with the third point of the government's Nawacita program, which focuses on developing Indonesia from the periphery by strengthening regions and villages within the framework of the unitary state. PPI Cikidang is one of nine loca ons included in the development of priority fishery ports/bases (Pusat Informasi Pelabuhan Perikanan, 2013).

A local resident explained that PPI Cikidang is a fundamental facility for fishermen's fishing ac vi es and plays a crucial role in managing capture fishery resources in the eastern coastal area.

Therefore, there is a need to add facili es to support the fishermen's performance. Every fisherman must have a Membership Card (KTA); hence, those who do not possess a KTA are required to pay a fee for each fish caught (Stefani, personal communica on, 24 August 2022).

Based on the findings, the facili es at PPI Cikidang are s ll very limited. Thus, there is a need to add func onal and suppor ng facili es at PPI Cikidang, following the recommenda ons set by the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries as detailed in Table 1.1.

Figure 1.6 Aerial View of Cikidang Fish Landing Base Source: facebook.com/pppangandaran/, 2021

16

Figure 1.13 Fishermen’s Homestead Source: Author, 2022 Figure 1.7 Fish Auc on Source: Author, 2022

Figure 1.14 Fishermen’s Canteen Source: Author, 2022

Figure 1.8 Naviga on and Communica on Source: Author, 2022 Figure 1.15 Shelter/ Fishing Equipment Storage Source: Author, 2022 Figure 1.7;1.8;1.9;1.10;1.11;1.12;1.13;1.14;1.15 These figures show the exis ng facili es at Cikidang Fish Landing Base.

Figure 1.9 Ice Factory Installa on Source: Author, 2022

Figure 1.10 PIAMARI Quality Development Laboratory Source: pangandarannews.com, 2019

Figure 1.11 Office of Marine and Fisheries Resources Supervision Source: Author, 2022

Figure 1.12 Mosque Source: Author, 2022

Table 1.1 Availability of Facili es for Fish Landing Base The Availability of Func onal Facili es 1. Fish Marke ng Place (TPI), including fish market and fish ✓ packing area.

2. Naviga on and communica on, including: telephone internet, ✓ communica on radio, and lighthouse.

3. Supply installa ons, including: clean water supply installa on, fuel oil (BBM) installa on, ice factory installa on, and ✓ electrical installa on.

4. Storage facili es, such as coldstorage.

X 5. Boat and fishing gear maintenance area, including: workshop, X dock/slipway, and net repair area.

6. Fish handling and processing of fish area, such as a quality ✓ control laboratory.

7. Office facili es, including an integrated service post and ✓ harbour administra on office.

8. K5 facili es, including: fire ex nguishers, Hydrant, Amphibious vehicles, floor cleaning vehicles, Dumptruck, X and temporary disposal sites.

The Availability of Suppor ng Facili es 9. Fishermen’s Mee ng Hall.

X 10. Operator Dormitory.

X 11. Social and Public Facili es, including: place of worship, ✓ public toilets.

12. Fishermen's Homestead. ✓ 13. Shops/Cafeteria. ✓ 14. Guard Post X 15. Harbour Informa on Facili es, such as videotron, and others. X 16. Parking area for two-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles.

X Source: kkp.go.id with modifica ons by the author, 2022

17

Cikidang Fish Landing Base

as a Fishermen’s Income sector

One of the sectors that significantly impacts the income of Pangandaran Regency is the capture fisheries sector. The following data in Table 1.2, issued by the Pangandaran Regency Government, shows the number of fishermen and the produc on of capture fisheries: Table 1.2 Number of Fishermen and Capture Fisheries Produc on for 2018

No.

District

1.

Cimerak - TPI Legokjawa - TPI Muaragatah - TPI Madasari

2.

Num. of Num. of Fish Produc on (Kg) Fishermen Auc on (person) (Unit) 602 1 1 1

52.276,07 11.759,45 25.603,56

Cijulang - TPI Nusawiru - TPI Batukaras

1 1

96.500,60 584.797,59

Parigi - TPI Bojongsalawe

1

403.495,20

4.

Cigugur

-

-

-

5.

Langkaplancar

-

-

-

6.

Sidamulih

-

-

317

7.

Pangandaran - Cikidang Fish Auc on - Pangandaran Fish Auc on

1.165.003,40

2.250

-

606

3.

8.

640

769

1 1

Kalipucang - TPI Ciawitali - TPI Majingklak - TPI Palataragung

1 1 1

9.

Padaherang

-

-

-

10.

Mangunjaya

-

-

-

5.311 2.339.435,87 11 Total Source: Government of Pangandaran Regency, 2018 Based on the data in Table 1.2, there are 10 Fish Auc on Places (TPI) in Pangandaran Regency, with a capture fisheries produc on of 2,833 tons in 2018. The coastline of Pangandaran Regency stretches for 91 km, and there are 5,311 fishermen.

18

As an area with poten al in capture fisheries, the Local Revenue (PAD) from the fisheries sector in Pangandaran Regency is s ll rela vely low. According to Julyan , N. I. (2021), the income of fishermen in Pangandaran can be affected by the fishing season and the off-season.

During the fishing season, fishermen's income tends to increase, whereas during the off-season, their income decreases.

In addi on to the unpredictability of extreme weather and wind direc on, the uncertainty of the Local Revenue from fish produc on is also due to inadequate fishing facili es and infrastructure. The limited knowledge and skills of the fishermen, who s ll rely on tradi onal methods, further hinder the marke ng of their marine products.

The poor quality of fisheries infrastructure is another factor contribu ng to the low the Local Revenue. Good quality fisheries infrastructure can create opportuni es to support capture fisheries produc on and improve the living standards (economy) of fishermen, including those in the fishing village of Babakan. Fisheries infrastructure includes Fish Auc on, fishing gear and auxiliary equipment, boat landing places, coastal safety structures, and fishermen's safety facili es (Government of Pangandaran Regency, 2018). Singkawijaya, E. B., & Hilman, I. (2021) state that the lack of management of fish landing ports impacts the community's economy and the low human resources for managing natural resources.

The previously men oned factors contribu ng to the low living standards of fishermen are in stark contrast to the policy direc on of the Pangandaran Regency government, which aims to boost the growth rate of the fisheries sector to increase local fishermen's income. Solu ons provided include facilita ng access to capital for fishermen, improving fishing facili es and infrastructure, and enhancing the role and involvement of fishermen and fish farming (Government of Pangandaran Regency, 2018).

Therefore, there needs to be coopera on between the local community from Babakan Village and Cikidang Fish Auc on in developing the management and marke ng of capture fisheries products in the harbour area. This will create opportuni es to enhance the quality of Cikidang Harbour, both in terms of facili es and the development of new tourism poten als, so that the income of Pangandaran fishermen is not solely dependent on capture fisheries.

Sea Ritual (Hajat Laut) Tradi on as a Local Wisdom Ac vity

The sea ritual, Hajat Laut, is a means for fishermen and local residents to express their gra tude by celebra ng a tradi on passed down from their ancestors, conducted in the sea area. Hajat Laut, also known as the Sea Fes val (Fishermen's Gra tude Ceremony), is an annual event held in the month of Muharram (first month of the Islamic lunar calendar), specifically on the Thursday before the Javanese calendar's Friday Kliwon. The Fishermen's Gra tude Ceremony is intended as an expression of gra tude to God Almighty for providing them with sustenance and safety.

Unfortunately, the Hajat Laut tradi on is carried out in the western beach area, which is designated for tourists who wish to swim and surf, poten ally disrup ng tourist ac vi es (MyPangandaran, 2022).

There is an opportunity to develop tourism in the PPI Cikidang area by organising Hajat Laut ac vi es, including art performances (based on the Hajat Laut ac vity flow), which need to be facilitated with structures such as a stage or amphitheatre, and similar facili es.

Figure 1.16 Pangandaran Sea Ritual Tradi on Source: news.mypangandaran.com/berita/read /budaya/2295/hajat-laut-pantai-pangandaran -digelar-1-muharram-1440h, 2019

19

Statement of Design Issues and Limita ons a. General Problem - How can the facili es at Cikidang Fish Landing Base be designed considering the aspects of fishing tourism and the cultural iden ty of the local fishermen in Pangandaran?

b. Specific Problems - How can an area be designed to have a dis nct iden ty by responding to the site context based on the theme of local wisdom?

- How can the area be designed to accommodate the facili es at Cikidang Fish Landing Base based on the ac vi es of the fishermen, small business operators, street vendors, and tourists??

c. Objec ves and Targets The objec ve of this design is to revitalise the Cikidang Fish Landing Base area, a coastal fishing tourism zone that reflects the cultural iden ty of the fishermen and Sundanese heritage. The design aims to create buildings that accommodate the ac vi es at Cikidang Fish Landing Base using a local wisdom approach.

The targets to be achieved in this plan are: - Revitalisa on of Cikidang Fish Landing Base.

- Typology of spaces and buildings that respond to the main community/actors, namely fishermen, fishing villages, and small business operators or street vendors.

- Developing the poten al of local wisdom and the natural marine environment.

MACRO ISSUES

Cikidang Fish Landing Base as a Suppor ng Element of the Iden ty of Pangandaran's Fishing Tourism Area

MICRO ISSUES

Designing commercial facili es that accommodate the poten al produc ve economic ac vi es of Babakan Village, providing tourists with an impression of the tradi onal Sundanese culture of Pangandaran.

The limita ons of func onal and suppor ng facili es at Cikidang Fish Landing Base according to the regula ons of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries.

Designing facili es at the Fish Landing Base that enhance the impression of Sundanese culture and local fishermen.

PROBLEM FORMULATION

Babakan Village as Pangandaran’s Fishing Tourism Area

VARIABEL

d. Problem Map Cikidang Fish Landing Base as a Source of Fishermen's Income

A Venue for Expressing Fishermen's Local Wisdom Tradi ons

There is an opportunity for tourism Development of new through annual fishermen's events tourism as an alterna ve to increase the income unique to Pangandaran that need to be of Pangandaran fishermen. facilitated at the Cikidang Fish Landing Base.

The emergence of opportuni es for commercial facili es to accommodate the produc ve economic ac vi es of Babakan Village and street vendors.

Designing facili es at the Fish Landing Base that support the needs of the community.

Designing commercial facili es that accommodate the ac vi es of the fishing village.

How to design func onal and suppor ng facili es at Cikidang Fish Landing Base as a fishing tourism iden ty to meet user needs with a local wisdom approach in shaping the site image based on fishing tourism.

Figure 1.17 Map of Non-Architectural Issues Source: Author, 2022

20

Problem Limita on ARCHITECTURAL OBJECT

PARAMETER

So that...

Babakan Village as Pangandaran’s Fishing Tourism Area

Cikidang Fish Landing Base DESIGN MATTER

Mass Arrangement

Cikidang Fish Landing Base as a Suppor ng Cikidang Fish Landing Element of the Iden ty Base as a Source of Fishermen’s Income of Pangandaran’s Fishing Tourism Area

A Venue for Expressing Fishermen’s Local Wisdom Tradi ons

INDICATOR

Principles of Local Wisdom as Site Image

Building Façade Space Layout Circula on Landscape Structure and Infrastructure Materials

Func onal and Suppor ng Facili es at the Fish Landing Base Design Criteria for the Fish Landing Base Design Criteria for the Commercial Centre

Acous cs Encouraging Produc vity Ac vi es for the Community (Fishermen and Local Residents)

Figure 1.18 Design Conflict Map Source: Author, 2022

21

Method of Solving Design Issues a. Data Collec on • •

Primary Data: Collected through direct observa on of the site and interviews with space users about the physical condi ons of the research area and the ac vi es of fishermen and anglers at Cikidang Fish Landing Base, Babakan, Pangandaran.

Secondary Data: Collected data includes factors influencing the func onal and technical aspects of public space facili es in terms of anthropometry at Cikidang Fish Landing Base. Secondary data is obtained through literature studies from books, journals, the internet, e-books, and relevant ins tu ons.

b. Data Classifica on •

•

Primary Data 1. Physical site data through observa on of the daily ac vi es of fishermen, street vendors, and harbour visitors.

2. Documenta on in the form of photographs.

Secondary Data 1. Site data through Google Maps and similar sources, including geographic loca on, boundary limits, and maps.

2. Literature data in the form of ar cles, books, e-books, internet sources, relevant ins tu ons, and related journals.

c. Design Method

Fail?

Empathize

Define

Ideate

Prototype

Test

Assesment

Succeed?

Recognising the Concluding/ Releasing ideas for Small-scale tes ng background of defining intensive thinking based on technical architectural and variables, (Brainstorming) drawings, non-architectural parameters, through precedents, 3D modelling, issues. indicators, and and similar methods and simula ons. design strategies. that can generate themes, concept explora ons, mass composi ons, and facade forms.

Large-scale Final Design. tes ng by selec ng appropriate and ra onal tes ng tools, or through exis ng examples.

Figure 1.19 Design Thinking: A Non-Linear Process by David Kelley Source: David Kelley with Author modifica ons, 2022

d. Design Tes ng Method Conducted through small-scale and large-scale tes ng.

• Small-scale tes ng: Based on technical drawings, 3D modelling, and related simula ons, followed by checking the predefined parameters and indicators.

• Large-scale tes ng: Based on logical design tes ng tools, or exis ng precedent examples with addi onal varia ons.

22

VARIABEL AND PARAMETER

PROBLEM FORMULATION

ISSUES

OBJECT

Problem-Solving Map (Framework of Thinking) Revitalisa on of Cikidang Fish Landing Base as the iden ty of Pangandaran’s Fishing Tourism Area with a Local Wisdom Approach

Babakan Village as Pangandaran’s Fishing Tourism Area

Cikidang Fish Landing Base as a Suppor ng Element of the Iden ty of Pangandaran's Fishing Tourism Area

Designing commercial facili es that accommodate the poten al produc ve economic ac vi es of Babakan Village, providing tourists with an impression of the tradi onal Sundanese culture of Pangandaran.

The limita ons of func onal and suppor ng facili es at Cikidang Fish Landing Base according to the regula ons of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries.

Cikidang Fish Landing Base as a Source of Fishermen's Income

A Venue for Expressing Fishermen's Local Wisdom Tradi ons

There is an opportunity for tourism Development of new through annual fishermen's events tourism as an alterna ve to increase the income unique to Pangandaran that need to be of Pangandaran fishermen. facilitated at the Cikidang Fish Landing Base.

The emergence of opportuni es for commercial facili es to accommodate the produc ve economic ac vi es of Babakan Village and street vendors.

How to design func onal and suppor ng facili es at Cikidang Fish Landing Base as a fishing tourism iden ty to meet user needs with a local wisdom approach in shaping the site image based on fishing tourism.

TYPOLOGY STUDY of Fish Landing Base

THEME STUDY

1. Func onal Facili es and Suppor ng Facili es of the Fish Landing Base.

2. Design Criteria for the Fish Landing Base.

3. Design Criteria for the Commercial Centre.

4. Precedent Study of Fish Landing Bases.

5. Precedent Study of Commercial Areas.

1. Study of local wisdom principles according to Meliono, I. (2011) based on Empirical Aspects, Cultural Symbols, and Knowledge Characteris cs.

SITE AND LOCATION STUDY 1. Map and general overview of the planning loca on.

2. Map of microclimate physical proper es.

3. Thema c map of transporta on circula on.

4. Site poten al data.

DESIGN BENCHMARKS

Mass Arrangement

Building Façade

Space

Layout

Circula on

Structure and Materials Landscape Infrastructure Figure 1.20 Framework of Thinking Source: Author, 2022

23

Originality and Novelty Table 1.3 Originality and Novelty

24

Perencanaan dan Perancangan Ulang Fasilitas Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan di Muncar Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur Author : Muniruddin University : Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta Year : 2002 Building Typology : Fish Landing Base

Muniruddin's redesign planning explains strategies for ensuring smooth opera ons at the fish landing base, so that all ac vi es can be accommodated and support the efficiency of fishermen's ac vi es. The author applies Muniruddin's strategies to the design of the Cikidang Fish Landing Base, from ac vity pa erns to the design of suppor ng and func onal facili es.

Perancangan Tempat Pelelangan Ikan Higienis dengan pendekatan Open Building di Sadeng, Gunungkidul Author : Febriansah Wijaya University : Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta Year : 2020 Building Typology : Fish Auc on Place

This design elaborates on the development of a hygienic concept to improve the quality of consump on and provision at a fish auc on place that meets sanitary standards with an open building approach. This approach results in a design that responds to hygienic condi ons and the effec ve use of space for fishermen's movements, as well as integra on with tourist interac ons. The applica on of the open building typology concept can be adapted to the design of the fish auc on place and the fish market area at the Cikidang Fish Landing Base.

Pemaknaan Kembali Kearifan Lokal dalam Arsitektur (Keterikatan Manusia, Budaya, dan Alam Nusantara Author : Res Piutan University : Universitas Brawijaya, Malang Year : 2015

Res Piutan discusses the reinterpreta on of local wisdom in architecture and modern human life, as well as efforts to develop it, such as preserva on and conserva on, which are necessary to maintain the balance between human life and nature for sustainability. This involves not only the physical applica on in buildings but also the conceptual and philosophical thinking that will become the cultural iden ty and unique characteris c of a place.

Desain Bangunan Pengasapan Ikan yang Higienis dan Ramah Lingkungan, Wonosari, Demak Author : Kurnia Widiastu , S.T., M.T.; Drs. Bagus Priyatna, S.T., M.T.; Baju Arie Wibawa, S.T., M.T.; Ayu Wandira Puspitasari, S.T., M.T. University : Universitas PGRI Semarang Year : 2015 Building Typology : Fish Preserva on Place

This design focuses on fish preserva on through tradi onal smoking methods while considering health aspects and environmental pollu on from thick smoke that can harm health, as well as liquid and solid waste from fish cleaning processes. The author implements hygienic and environmentally friendly strategies in the fish preserva on area at the Cikidang Fish Landing Base.

02.

Problem Explora on // Study of Site Context Site Area and Building Regula ons Correla on between West Coast - East Coast - Cikidang Fish Landing Base - Babakan Village Correla on between Cikidang Fish Landing Base - Fishing Village - PIAMARI Aquarium Access to the Site Loca on Site Data - wind orienta on data, average temperature data, and sun chart data Ac vity Flow of Cikidang Fish Landing Base Exis ng Site Area Situa on Exis ng Flood Control Data at the River Estuary in Cikidang Fish Landing Base Clean Water System Data and Vegeta on Exis ng Building Exis ng Size Data Study of Fish Landing Base Building Func ons Study of Local Wisdom Precedent Study Schema c Analysis of Concept Synthesis

Site Context FISHERMEN’S SETTLEMENT COMMERCIAL AREA

PIAMARI AQUARIUM

SITE LOCATION

RED BRIDGE

Pangandaran Regency

COMMERCIAL AREA LODGING AREA

N

Figure 2.1 Macro-Micro Design Loca on Map Source: openstreetmap.org with Author modifica ons, 2022

Main Actors of The Cikidang Fish Landing Base Area Local fishermen who possess a Membership Card.

The fishing village community in Babakan Village, including local producers (sellers or cra smen) such as ebi shrimp processors, handicra makers, palm sugar producers, salted fish makers, and others (Chapter 01, page 15).

26

The revitalisa on site is located in the eastern coastal area of Pangandaran, which is designated specifically for fishermen, precisely at the Cikidang Fish Landing Base. The geographical coordinates are 7.68269 S and 108.6715 E. This loca on is on the eastern coast of Pangandaran, a region for fishermen, while the western coast is reserved for tourists who want to swim.

SITE SPECIFICATIONS: 1. Loca on Address Cikidang Fish Landing Base, Babakan Village, Pangandaran District, Pangandaran Regency, West Java 46396.

2. Land Ownership This land is a usufruct property owned by the Pangandaran Regency Government, with the func on of a Fish Landing Base. The current site condi on includes only a few facili es, as detailed on page 17.

PIAMARI

N

Total area of exis ng site: ±23.498,374 m² Site Area and Building Regula ons

Figure 2.2 Site Area Source: google maps with Author modifica ons, 2022

Spa al Planning of Pangandaran Regency based on Regional Regula on No. 3 of 2018-2038 Building Regula ons • Building Setback Line (Garis Sempadan Bangunan) • • • •

Green Base Coefficient (Koefisien Dasar Hijau) Building Base Coefficient (Koefisien Dasar Bangunan) Building Floor Coefficient (Koefisien Lantai Bangunan) Green Open Space (Ruang Terbuka Hijau)

Descrip on a. Front setback minimum 10m. b. Right and le side setbacks minimum 4m. c. Rear setback minimum 4m.

25% of the total area of the development plan.

Maximum allowed 60%.

4,5 Ar cle 43 (1) Every owner and/or manager of buildings: a. office; b. hotel; c. industry/factory; d. commercial building; e. other public buildings must provide Green Open Space.

(2) The percentage of Green Open Space as referred to in paragraph (1) includes 60% for buildings and 40% Green Open Space. The maximum allowed Green Open Space is 40%.

27

fishermen’s se lement

3

fishermen’s se lement

ACTIVITIES:

cikidang fish landing base

1

ACTIVITIES

fishermen’s se lement

swimming east coast west coast

fishermen

2

fishermen’s se lement ACTIVITIES

surfing

pangandaran tsunami 2006

fishermen fishing

Correla on between

West Coast - East Coast - Cikidang Fish Landing Base - Babakan Village

1

Ini ally, fishermen carried out their ac vi es in both the west and east coastal areas.

However, to ensure the comfort and safety of tourists, these ac vi es were relocated to the east coast. In 2003, the Cikidang Fish Landing Base (PPI Cikidang) was established.

2

The east coast area became the hub for fishermen's ac vi es and was also the fishermen's residen al area.

In 2006, Pangandaran was hit by a tsunami, which destroyed the fishermen's se lements.

3

The fishermen's residences and ac vi es were then relocated to Babakan Village and PPI Cikidang. However, some boats and se lements remained in the east coast area.

N

Figure 2.3 Correla on between West Coast - East Coast - Cikidang Fish Landing Base - Babakan Village Source: openstreetmap.org with Author modifica ons, 2022

28

Correla on between

Cikidang Fish Landing - Fishing Village - PIAMARI (Aquarium)

Access to the Fishing Village

Main Access

Acces to PIAMARI

N

Figure 2.4 Correla on between Cikidang Fish Landing - Fishing Village - PIAMARI (Aquarium) Source: Author, 2022 Access between Cikidang Fish Landing and the previous fishing village was ini ally limited by a boundary wall. However, in the design plan, this access has been opened based on the background of coopera on between the local residents of Babakan Village and Cikidang Fish Landing Base in developing management and marke ng of capture fisheries products. Addi onally, this allows tourists to enjoy and learn about the diverse produc on centres of the fishing village in Babakan Village. The opening of this access is also based on several aspects of local wisdom in Sundanese society according to Anwar, H., & Nugraha, H. A. (2013), which include: 1. Social The house is the primary place for social rela onships to grow.

2. Economic The house can serve as a place for conduc ng business (home industry).

3.Cultural The house can serve as a place for conduc ng business (home industry).

4. Spiritual The house func ons as a place of worship.

Cikidang Fish Landing Base is located near the PIAMARI (Pangandaran Integrated Aquarium and Marine Research Ins tute), which serves as a place for tourists to gain knowledge about marine ecosystems and as a quality development laboratory.

29

Access to the Site Loca on

mosque

± 440 m

fishing village

± 10 m

PIAMARI

SITE

± 535 m

city centre

± 1.5 km ± 429 m

red bridge

Pangandaran Sunrise

± 852 m

culinary area

N

± 949 m Legenda : private vehicle route public vehicle route site loca on

30

culinary area = ± 949 m PIAMARI = ± 535 m red bridge = ± 429 m fishing village = ± 10 m mosque = ± 440 m Pangandaran sunrise= ± 852 m city centre = ± 1.5 km

Figure 2.5 Access to the site Source: openstreetmap.org with Author modifica ons, 2022 The site loca on is easily accessible from the main road and can be reached by various modes of transporta on (Jalan Raya Pangandaran) via Babakan Village Road towards the east coast or vice versa, and it has two-way access. The site is very close to public facili es, the fishing village se lement (fishermen's houses), and the city centre.

Site Data

wind orienta on data, average temperature data, and sun chart data

Wind orienta on and wind speed data for the site loca on at geographical coordinates-7.68269 S and 108.6715 E indicate: The wind rose data (wind orienta on) shows the number of hours per year the wind blows from the indicated direc on, with the wind predominantly oriented towards the South-Southeast with an average speed of 12-27 km/h.

The "daily maximum average" (solid red line) shows the average daily maximum temperature for each month for the Cikidang Harbour area. Similarly, the "daily minimum average" (solid blue line) shows the average daily minimum temperature. Hot days and cold nights (dashed red and blue lines) indicate the average ho est day and coldest night each month over the past 30 years.

Sunchart data is used for overhang design to minimise solar radia on.

Based on this data, it can be concluded that wind orienta on, wind speed, and average temperature can serve as considera ons or references for developing the site's poten al in the design, such as implemen ng passive cooling systems and op mising the sound poten al generated by the wind in the design planning of the Cikidang Fish Landing Base.

Figure 2.6 Wind Orienta on Data Source: meteoblue.com

N

22 JUNE

22 MARCH/SEPTEMBER

09:00 11:55 15:00 09:00

Figure 2.7 Average Temperature Data Source: meteoblue.com

22 DECEMBER

11:55

15:00 09:00 11:55 15:00

ALTITUDE 38.64 58.84 33.63

58.84 46. 20

42.56 46.20 81.67 42.56

AZIMUTH 51.58 -3.38 -55.15

3.27

80.99 -82.02 80.99 -4.20 -82.02

Figure 2.8 Sun Chart Data Source: andrewmarsh.com/so ware/

31

Ac vity Flow of Cikidang Fish Landing Base Ac vi es of Fish Landing Base Management - Head of the Fisheries Training and Extension Agency - Subdivision of General Affairs - Head of Business Development Sec on - Head of Opera onal Sec on - Func onal Posi on Group

ENTER

ADMINISTRATION

RECEIVE GUEST

SETTING UP THE DOCK

REST

GOING HOME

MEETING

PARKING

Ac vi es of the Technical Implementa on Unit for Fish Auc on Place and Fish Market - Head of Technical Implementa on Unit - Subdivision of Administra on and Finance - Subdivision of Purchasing and Sales - Subdivision of Cleanliness and Security

ENTER

ADMINISTRATION

RECEIVE GUEST

REST

GOING HOME

MEETING

PARKING - Subdivision of Quality Control

ENTER

ADMINISTRATION

RECEIVE GUEST

QUALITY TEST OF FISH REST

GOING HOME

MEETING

PARKING - Auc oneer, Sorter, Weigher

AUCTIONING

ENTER SORTING

ADMINISTRATION

PARKING

REST

GOING HOME

WEIGHTING

Fishermen ENTER PREPARATION OF SUPPLIES

FISHING

UNLOADING AND LANDING FISH

CLEANING BOATS AND EQUIPMENT

PARKING

REST WASHING THE FISH CATCHES

SORTING WEIGHTING

32

GOING HOME

Seller/ Trader - Ac vi es of Retail Traders (traders who sell fish to consumers around the Fish Landing Base) ENTER FISH AUCTION LIST

PARTICIPATING IN FISH AUCTION

PAYMENT

DISTRIBUTION

GOING HOME

PARKING - Ac vi es of Intercity Traders (traders who buy fish from the Fish Auc on Place and then sell it in the city) ENTER FISH A UCTION LIST

PARTICIPATING IN FISH AUCTION

PAYMENT

DISTRIBUTION

GOING HOME

PARKING - Ac vi es of General Seller (resul ng from the reloca on of street vendors) ENTER

PREPARATION FOR STUFF

SELLING

LOADING AND UNLOADING OF GOODS

GOING HOME

PARKING - Ac vi es of Dry/Salted Fish, ebi Shrimp, and Other Seller ENTER FISH AUCTION LIST

PARTICIPATING IN FISH ACTION

PAYMENT

DISTRIBUTION

GOING HOME

PARKING

Visitor Ac vi es ENTER SEEKING INFORMATION

PARKING

ENJOYING CULTURAL ATTRACTIONS

BUYING FISH BUYING SOUVENIRS

REST

GOING HOME

DINING ON LOCAL CUISINE Figure 2.9 Ac vity FLow of Cikidang Fish Landing Base Source: Author, 2022

33

Exis ng Site Area Situa on MAP KEY: Fish Auc on Ice Factory Installa on Shelter/ Fishing Equipment Storage ay hw Fishermen’s Canteen Hig n ra Office Area nda a g Pan Lighthouse

FIshermen’s Village

Ba

ba kan Vi l t. es l ag

Mosque Illegal Canteen Fishermen’s Homestead Main Gate Site Limita ons

4

1

6 2 3

5

Wharf coast

t. rs

N

u

ai nt a p

34

m

Figure 2.10 Schema c of Exis ng Area Situa on Source: Author, 2022

1

4

2

5

3

6 Figure 2.11 Exis ng View Site Source: Author, 2022

35

Exis ng Flood Control Data

at the River Estuary in Cikidang Fish Landing Base

SITE

1 Figure 2.13 Je y Construc on Using Armour Stone Source: PUPR, 2021 The construc on work for this flood control infrastructure includes the crea on of a je y using armour stone material along a length of 156 metres, which func ons to prevent sediment carried by sea waves from entering the river mouth, and the construc on of a protec ve wall that serves as a sea wave barrier.

CIKIDANG RIVER AREA

MAP KEY: Je y Site Cikidang river area

2

Figure 2.12 Flood control zone Source: Google earth with Author modifica ons, 2022 Based on data released by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing (PUPR) on January 4, 2021 (SP.BIRKOM/I/2021/4), flood control infrastructure has been constructed at the mouth of the Cikidang River, which intersects with the Cikidang Fish Landing Base, to address flooding issues in the Fish Landing Base, Babakan Village, Pangandaran, West Java. The flood control measures aim to reduce channel silta on caused by coastal sediments, which have the poten al to cause flooding.

36

Figure 2.14 Dredging of River Mouth in the Cikidang Fish Landing Base Area Source: PUPR, 2021 Addi onally, the Ministry of PUPR is carrying out dredging work at the river mouth due to sedimenta on at the mouth of the Cikidang River, which causes flood overflow in the area around the river mouth up to 2.5 km upstream. This sedimenta on has hindered the access and transporta on of fishing boats entering and exi ng the Cikidang river mouth.

Clean Water System Data and Vegeta on Exis ng MAP KEY: Water Tower point Vegeta on

D

C B A

N

A

B

C

D

Loca on of Water Tower near canteen.

Loca on of Water Tower between Loca on of Water Tower near office Loca on of Water Tower near office Fish Auc on and Ice Factory Figure 2.15 Clean Water Network System and Exis ng Vegeta on Source: Author, 2022

37

Building Exis ng Size Data

1

3

CANTEEN The canteen is located near the ice factory and is rented out to vendors who wish to sell in the PPI area. In addi on to serving as a canteen, it also func ons as a motorcycle parking area.

2 ICE FACTORY The ice factory is situated between the canteen and the Fish Auc on Place (TPI).

The loca on of the ice factory is quite strategic as it is near the TPI, facilita ng the auc oneers in distribu ng their auc oned fish.

38

FISH AUCTION The Fish Auc on is s ll func onally opera onal, but the loading dock area and parking facili es are not well-developed, resul ng in a disorganised parking area for trucks.

4 BNI SHELTER There are two shelters that serve as storage places for fishermen's belongings or as places to take shelter.

Building Exis ng Size Data Office Area The office area is located in the northeast part of the site and is situated close to each other. However, out of the total offices, about two are not func oning at all (painted white in figures 5 and 6), and two offices are s ll func oning well (painted blue in figures 7 and 8).

Office area that is not func oning well

5

Office area that is func oning adequately

7

Office C (MAIN OFFICE)

Office A

Office area that is func oning adequately

8

Office area that is not func oning well

6

Office D (PSDKP PANGANDARAN) Office B

39

Building Exis ng Size Data

9 Lighthouse The lighthouse is located near the office area to ensure easy access, management, and monitoring by the PPI management. It is s ll func oning well.

10

11 12 Fishermen’s Homestead and Mosque The Fishermen's Homestead and Mosque are located in the northeast part of the site, near the main entrance of the PPI. Both the guesthouse and the mosque are s ll func oning well, although they are situated within the Building Setback Line area as s pulated by Regional Regula on No. 3 of 2018-2038, which requires a minimum front setback of 10 metres.

Figure 2.16 Building Exis ng Size Data Source: Author, 2022

Main Gate of Cikidang Fish Landing Base The main gate (entrance to the area) has a height of approximately 6 metres and is s ll func oning well despite some minor issues, such as peeling paint and a par ally detached KKP logo.

40

Study of Fish Landing Base Cikidang building func ons A Fish Landing Base (PPI) is a place where fishermen can dock their fishing boats to land their catch or prepare for the next fishing trip (loading boat and crew logis cs). Addi onally, it serves as a centre for produc on ac vi es, marke ng, processing of fish products, and community development for the fishing community (Muniruddin, 2002).

The term "fishermen" refers to individuals who earn their living from fishing at sea and not from aquaculture such as fish farming (Rosni, 2017).

Func ons of the Fish Landing Base Based on the Regula on of the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia No. PER.08/MEN/2012 Ar cle 3 concerning the Func ons of PPI, it is stated that: 1. Fish Landing Base is a facility that supports the management and u lisa on of fishery resources and their environment from preproduc on, produc on, processing, and marke ng stages.

2. Fish Landing Base has the following func ons: - Governmental Func on: This involves regula on, guidance, control, supervision, and ensuring the safety and opera onal security of fishing vessels at the PPI, including: a. Providing quality control and processing of fish products; b. Collec ng data on fish catches and produc on; c. Conduc ng outreach and development for the fishing community; d. Overseeing the opera onal ac vi es of fishing vessels; e. Supervising and controlling fishery resources; f. Performing port authority func ons; g. Publicising the results of docking and landing services for fishing vessels and fishery monitoring vessels; h. Publicising the results of marine and fishery research; i. Monitoring coastal areas; and j. Controlling the environment.

- Commercial Func on: This involves providing and/or servicing fishing vessels and related services at the Fish Landing Base, including: a. Providing docking and mooring services for fishing vessels; b. Providing loading and unloading services for fish; c. Providing processing services for fish products; d. Marke ng and distribu ng fish; e. U lising facili es and land at the Fish Landing Base.

f. Providing repair and maintenance services for fishing vessels; g. Providing logis cs and supplies services for fishing vessels; h. Offering marine tourism; and/or i. Providing and/or servicing other services in accordance with the laws and regula ons.

Fish Landing Base Cikidang Facili es Based on the Regula on of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP) No. PER.20/PERMEN-KP/2014 dated May 16, 2014, concerning the organisa on and working procedures of the PPI technical implementa on unit, it is s pulated that PPI is a technical implementa on unit in the field of fishery bases under and responsible to the Director General of Capture Fisheries, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. Therefore, the facili es at a PPI must meet the aspects of func onal facili es and suppor ng facili es to fulfil or accommodate the needs of the actors in the PPI Cikidang area as outlined in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1 Func onal and Suppor ng Facili es for the Harbour No. Func onal Facili es Suppor ng Facili es 1. Fish Marke ng Place, including fish market F i s h e r m e n ' s and fish packing area.

Mee ng Hall.

2. Naviga on and communica on, including: Operator Dormitory. telephone internet, communica on radio, and lighthouse.

3. Supply installa ons, including: clean water Social and Public s u p p l y i n sta l l a o n , f u e l o i l ( B B M ) Facili es, including: installa on, ice factory installa on, and place of worship, electrical installa on. public toilets.

4. Storage facili es, such as coldstorage.

Guard Post.

5. Boat and fishing gear maintenance area, Shops/Canteen. including: workshop, dock/slipway, and net repair area.

6. Fish handling and processing area, such as a F i s h e r m e n ' s quality control laboratory.

Guesthouse.

7. Office facili es, including an integrated Harbour Informa on service post and harbour administra on Facili es, such as office. videotron, and others.

8. K5 facili es, including: fire ex nguishers, Parking area for twoHydrant, Amphibious vehicles, floor wheeled and fourcleaning vehicles, Dumptruck and wheeled vehicles. temporary disposal sites.

Source: kkp.go.id, 2022

41

Func onal Facili es Fish Auc on The Fish Auc on Place is a market where the sale of fish/marine products takes place, either by auc on or otherwise, typically located within a Fish Landing Base. The requirements for a Fish Landing Base include having a permanent building, a sales coordinator, and a permit from the relevant authority (Badan Pusat Sta s k, 2013).

Func ons of Fish Landing Base include: • Assis ng fishermen in selling fish quickly and at a good price.

• Accommoda ng the fishermen's fish catches.

• Facilita ng the processing of fish catches.

Performance Requirements for the Fish Auc on Place: • Comfortable viewing points at mee ng points, created with ered sea ng.

• To achieve good acous cs, a en on should be paid to the ceiling's acous c reflec on.

Figure 2.17 Auc on Room Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on Cashier Area The cashier area is placed close to the Fish Auc on Place (TPI) to facilitate easy access for bidders. The standard dimensions for a cashier's payment area, with the minimum size, are shown in figure 2.16.

Figure 2.18 Cashier Desk Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on

42

Loading Dock Area The standard requirements for the loading dock area based on Architect's Data, 33rd edi on, volume 2, are:

Figure 2.19 Standard Size Loading Dock Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on To meet the needs of the loading dock area, which adheres to the architect's data standards for the sec on between the dock and the fish auc on place, as well as the sor ng/packing area to the truck parking area, the road width must be at least 3-4 meters.

Fish Market Stalls Fish Market Stalls are distribu on points for fish catches a er the auc on process, managed by traders for selling fish. Several types of tables are specially designed to store fish

Figure 2.20 Service Desk Cross-Sec on Illustra on at the Fish Market Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on Naviga on Aids Naviga on Aids are systems located outside the vessel, designed to enhance the safety and efficiency of vessel naviga on or mari me traffic (Ministry of Transporta on, Republic of Indonesia, 2022).

Func ons of Naviga on Aids include: • Determining the posi on and/or course of the vessel; • Providing warnings of naviga on hazards or obstacles; • Marking the boundaries of safe naviga on channels; • Ac ng as traffic separa on lines for vessel traffic; • Indica ng special areas and/or ac vi es in the waters; • Serving as na onal boundary markers.

Mari me Telecommunica ons Mari me Telecommunica ons are specialized communica ons for mari me services, encompassing any transmission, sending, or receiving of signals, images, sounds, and informa on of any kind through wire, op cal, radio, or other electromagne c systems within mari me mobile services, which are part of naviga on safety (Ministry of Transporta on, Republic of Indonesia, 2022).

Fuel Oil (BBM) Installa on The presence of a fuel oil installa on in the harbour area facilitates fishermen's access to gasoline for their boats. A simple gasoline pump sta on requires an area of approximately 800m².

Figure 2.22 Cold Storage Layout Illustra on Source: kkp.go.id Suppor ng Equipment for Ice Factory Installa on consists of: 1. Civil structure; 2. Brine tank; 3. Dip tank; 4. Ice making machine; 5. Crane hoist; 6. Filling tank; and 7. Ice chute.

Figure 2.21 Fuel Pump Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on

Ice Factory Installa on An Ice Factory Installa on is a cooling system facility designed to meet the ice needs of fishermen and for the process of procuring, storing, and distribu ng caught fish. The purpose of the ice factory installa on is to enhance and maintain the quality of the fish, ensuring it is fit for consump on and retains essen al nutrients. The size of the ice blocks can be adjusted according to needs. The volume of ice required can be determined by the number of small-sized boats (<30 GT) and the volume of fish distributed to nearby regions (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, 2021).

Specifica ons of the Ice Factory Cooling System: 1. Framework, structure, and wall materials: strong, durable, fireresistant, and rust-resistant.

2. Main machine components and technical requirements: a. Main machine components (compressor, condenser, and evaporator) meet interna onal quality standards; b. Environmentally friendly refrigerant; c. A er-sales warranty; and d. Operator training in both theory and prac ce.

Electrical Installa on The circula on standards for the electrical installa on are based on the anthropometry of the operators.

Figure 2.23 Electrical Work Measurement Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on

43

Storage Facility (Cold Storage) According to Sandra, A. (2021), cold storage is a specially designed room based on specific temperature condi ons that func ons to maintain the quality of fishermen's catch by freezing and storing the fish through a series of hygienic processes.

Stages of ac vi es include: Receiving raw materials Immersion Grading and sor ng Weighing a er processing Arranging fish in pans/trays Storing frozen fish in cold storage Freezing fish in the Air Blast Freezer Packing frozen fish The types of fish frozen are based on the types of raw materials submi ed by the service users. The non-tax state revenue (PNBP) tariffs charged are calculated based on the amount of product and the dura on of storage.

Figure 2.24 cold storage illustra on Sumber : kibrispdr.org/unduh-1/desain-cold-storage.html Storage Facility (Cold Storage) According to Sandra, A. (2021), cold storage is a specially designed room based on specific temperature condi ons that func ons to maintain the quality of fishermen's catch by freezing and storing the fish through a series of hygienic processes.

The cooling rooms available include: 1. Air Blast Freezer (ABF): A room with a controlled temperature that can reach-35°C to-40°C with an air speed of at least 3m/s. This allows the caught fish to be frozen to an internal temperature of-18°C within 8 hours, with an ABF capacity of 12 tons.

2. Cold Storage Freezer: A storage warehouse for frozen products with a temperature that can reach-18°C to-25°C. Products to be stored in the cold storage must be frozen with a maximum temperature of 18°C and the storage capacity is 100 tons.

44

Workshop There is a workshop area for maintaining or repairing fishermen's boats and fishing equipment in the harbour area, which is easily accessible to the fishermen.

Figure 2.25 Workshop Area illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on

Dockway/ slipway According to Imron, M., the general ac vi es of docking a boat include: Raising the boat onto the slipway Washing and cleaning all parts of the boat Caulking and sealing Repairing damaged parts of the boat, especially the woodwork

Pain ng the boat Repairing the engine, anchor, and other components Lowering the boat from the slipway

Raising the Boat onto the Slipway: The boat that is scheduled for docking is raised onto the slipway using a trolley. The slipway process involves hauling boats ashore for cleaning and repairs (Scior no, J. A., 1995).

Figure 2.27 Standard Size and Distance between Fishing Vessels Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on Office Area To meet the office space requirements according to the standards for PPI Cikidang as outlined by the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP), the necessary spaces include: Cashier's Office, Customer Service Complaint Office, Ice Service Counter, PIPP Service Office, Port Authority Office, Cold Storage Service Office, Personnel Service Office, Workshop Service Office, and Building Use Service Office.

Office space standards based on Architect's Data, 33rd edi on, volume 2 are:

Figure 2.28 Minimum Size Layout of Work Space illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on Mushalla

Figure 2.26 Slipway illustra on Source: Scior no, J. A., Barcali, A., dan Carlesi, M. (1995) Figure 2.29 Standard size of mushalla ac vi es illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on

45

Parking Area The standard requirements for parking areas based on Architect's Data, 33rd edi on, volume 2, are:

Public Toilet

Figure 2.34 Standard Public Toilet Size Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.30 Standard Parking Size Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on

Figure 2.35 Standard Disabled Toilet Size Illustra on Sumber : lingkarsosial.org Canteen

Figure 2.31 Standard Car Parking Size Illustra on Sumber : Kementerian PUPR

Figure 2.36 Standard Culinary Tourism Table Size Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.32 Standard Motorcycle Parking Size Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on

Fishermen's Guesthouse and Operator Dormitory The availability of a guesthouse provides a place for fishermen to rest both before and a er fishing, as well as for harbour operators.

Figure 2.33 Standard Bicycle Parking Size illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on Figure 2.37 Fisherman's Homestead Requirements Illustra on Source: Ernst Neufert, Architect’s Data 33rd Edi on

46

Study of Local Wisdom Local Wisdom is a conceptual idea that has existed and become a tradi on (passed down through genera ons) within a community, con nuously growing and developing, and func ons to regulate the community's life, especially in sacred aspects (Antariksa, 2009). In anthropology, the terms "local genius" and "cultural iden ty" are known as the cultural iden ty or personality of a na on (local). Within the tradi ons and customs of human life, there is also customary wisdom, which consists of specific values that uphold customs and tradi ons in a par cular region. Customary wisdom is understood as everything based on knowledge and recognised by reason, and considered good by religious principles because it contains goodness. Local wisdom encompasses social, cultural, economic, and ecological aspects. It can generally be found in various forms of cultural products (Piutan , R., S.T., 2015).

In anthropology, the terms "local genius" and "cultural iden ty" are known as the cultural iden ty or personality of a na on (local). Within the tradi ons and customs of human life, there is also customary wisdom, which consists of specific values that uphold customs and tradi ons in a par cular region.

Customary wisdom is understood as everything based on knowledge and recognised by reason, and considered good by religious principles because it contains goodness. Local wisdom encompasses social, cultural, economic, and ecological aspects. It can generally be found in various forms of cultural products (Piutan , R., S.T., 2015).

The emergence of local wisdom originates from various ethnic knowledge in Indonesia. This manifests in different forms of knowledge that showcase specific skills and some informa on in both theore cal and prac cal ways. Therefore, local wisdom is an expression of the ethnic groups in Indonesia based on the ac vi es, behaviours/ac ons, and thoughts of the community, which then produce certain (local) works (Meliono, I., 2011). Below are the sources of local wisdom in Indonesia (Table 2.2).

Table 2.2 Sources of Local Wisdom

Basic-Element Empirical Aspect Symbol of Culture

Local Wisdom Social interac on of human being Habitat or meaningfull ac on Architecture Arts Literary Ritual Local myths Source: Meliono, I., 2022

Based on Table 2.2 regarding sources of local wisdom in Indonesia, three key elements are emphasized: empirical aspects, cultural symbols, and knowledge characteris cs specific to a par cular local community. The implementa on of a local wisdom approach can create opportuni es to enhance the poten al iden ty of fishing tourism in efforts to revitalize the area. The factors forming local wisdom include the local community, nature, and culture, which introduce elements of locality into the design, both in physical form (tangible) and in values of locality. Areas with a strong sense of place iden ty generally succeed in a rac ng many visitors. With a high number of visitors, these ci es can build their economies through tourism (Nuzir, F. A., et al., 2019).

47

Study of Social Interac on of Human Being based on fishermen’s at Cikidang Fish Landing Base as Empirical Aspect

1

According to a fisherman named Dayat (personal communica on, 16 August 2022), he explained the social ac vi es or rou nes carried out by fishermen to meet their basic needs. They usually sail out to catch fish in the middle of the night at around 03:00 AM and return to the dock at around 09:00 AM (figure 2.38). A er catching fish, the fishermen then sort their catch (figure 2.39), and a erwards, they auc on it at the Fish Auc on Place (figure 2.40).

Figure 2.38 FIshermen A er Fishing Source: Author, 2022

2

Fishermen who catch only a small amount of fish usually do not auc on their fish at the TPI. Instead, they sell their fish around the PPI Cikidang area or along the east coast road, even though some mes not all the fish are sold on that day. Therefore, the fishermen o en cook the fish for their own consump on; store the catch at home to sell the next day; or preserve the unsold fish using tradi onal methods, such as smoking or sal ng.

In addi on to the fishermen's ac vi es, Stefani (a local resident, personal communica on, 24 August 2022) claimed that every evening, street vendors or small and medium enterprises (SMEs) o en set up commercial stalls in the harbour area from around 15:00 to 17:30 (figure 2.41). However, due to the lack of ligh ng in the area, the harbour becomes dark by dusk, making it uncomfortable for the street vendors, who then leave the harbour area. The presence of street vendors in the PPI Cikidang area creates an opportunity for coopera on between PPI Cikidang and the SMEs or street vendors by providing commercial facili es such as a canteen, which is one of the suppor ng facili es recommended by the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries.

Figure 2.39 Fishermen Sor ng Fish Source: Author, 2022

3 48

Figure 2.40 Fish Auc on Atmosphere at Cikidang Fish Landing Base Source: Author, 2022

Figure 2.41 Street VendorAtmosphere at Cikidang Fish Landing Base Source: Author, 2022

Study of Mari me Habitat as Empirical Aspect

• • •

Physical Elements Forming the Coastal Area

•

•

• • •

Sea Condi ons: Including dimensions and configura on, des, and water quality.

Land Condi ons: Including size, configura on, soil bearing capacity, and ownership.

Climate: Covering the types of seasons, temperature, wind, and rainfall.

Chemical Effects: Such as corrosion.

Coastline: A flat or gently sloping land area directly adjacent to water, suitable for sunbathing or sheltering under the shade of trees (such as coconut trees or other coastal vegeta on) while enjoying the view of the waters.

Dock: A place for boats/ships to dock, also serving as a pathway over the water connec ng the land to the boats/ships.

Bridge: A connector between land or two parts of land separated by a river or canal.

Open Space: Such as parks or plazas, designed in a network of spaces connected with the coastal area or beach ac vi es.

Ac vi es: To support the exis ng physical layout, it is necessary to design ac vi es that support or dis nguish the unique characteris cs of the mee ng area between land and water.

Source: Muniruddin, 2002

Considering the natural condi ons of the coast and the physical environmental elements is crucial in architectural planning to ensure the strength and durability of building structures. These considera ons include:

Defini on of the Coast

Geographical Considera ons

•

The coast is the transi onal area between land and sea, influenced by seawater, featuring sandy soil condi ons, the presence of coral reefs, and dal changes. Coasts are formed by various natural events such as soil erosion, volcanic erup ons or lava deposits, marine deposi on, and so on. There are different types of coasts, including steep/cliff coasts and gentle/sloping coasts. The soil types in coastal areas include sand, hard soil, coral rocks, or limestone.

Winds blowing on the coast include both land and sea winds. The coastal area, which is generally open and spacious, causes the wind blowing from the sea to have a higher average speed compared to the wind blowing on land.

Wind

Table 2.3 Aspects and Influences of Design in the Marine Area

Table 2.4 Considera ons of Physical Environmental Condi ons in the Marine Area

Soil

According to Muniruddin (2002), the characteris cs of the coast and their influence on architecture involve designing construc ons and buildings located by the sea, on the coast, or at the border between land and sea. These designs must consider several aspects as follows:

Factors that need to be considered in building planning include wind pressure and shear forces that cause building swaying. To avoid these, the building mass should have a small surface area facing the wind. Wind suc on can li lightweight roof and wall structures, especially with small roof angles (<15 degrees).

Therefore, it is recommended that the roof angle be >30 degrees.

The wind blowing from the sea carries H2O (water vapor), which causes corrosion by reac ng with metals.

The soil in coastal areas generally contains sand and mineral par cles. Seawater intrusion is an important factor to consider when building founda ons. Seawater intrusion can cause corrosion in the founda on and interfere with construc on ac vi es, such as concrete pouring. Therefore, when considering the type of founda on and construc on methods to be used, the extent of seawater intrusion at the loca on must be inves gated first. One way to prevent seawater intrusion is by improving or compac ng the soil.

Source: Muniruddin, 2002

49

Typological Studies

Form of Tradi onal Sundanese House

Sundanese Architecture as a cultural symbol Sundanese house architecture is influenced by tradi on or customs. The tradi onal houses of the Sundanese people, which are built on s lts, signify that the house should not touch the ground as a mark of respect for the deceased. The construc on materials for tradi onal Sundanese houses are predominantly natural, such as wood, bamboo, ijuk (sugar palm fiber), and coconut leaves (Anwar, H., & Nugraha, H. A., 2013).

Mass Development Pa ern Linear Pa ern: This is a se lement arrangement where each house is aligned in a straight line. This form is flexible as it adapts to various environmental condi ons, such as topography, societal systems, river flows, highways, or coastal lines (Anwar, H., & Nugraha, H. A., 2013).

The materials used in Sundanese buildings include wood, bamboo, and ijuk (sugar palm fiber) to honor the deceased. Sundanese ethnic houses are built on s lts, following their beliefs (Anwar, H., & Nugraha, H. A., 2013).

The architectural concept of s lt houses in Sundanese society is an adapta on of the Sundanese cosmology, which divides the universe into the following three levels: 1. Buana Nyungcung (Heaven): The abode of the gods.

2. Buana Panca Tengah (Middle Earth): The realm of humans and other creatures, represented as the earth, causing houses to be elevated and not directly on the ground.

3. Buana Larang (Underworld): The place of the deceased, represented by the space between the house and the ground as a form of respect. e.

Figure 2.42 Linear Pa ern Source: Author, 2022 d. b. c.

Centralized Pa ern: This se lement group surrounds a dominant and spacious central area, such as a town square, village hall, open field, or similar spaces (Anwar, H., & Nugraha, H. A., 2013).

a.

Figure 2.45 Sundanese Tradi onal House Source: Author, 2022

Details: Figure 2.43 Centralised Pa ern Source: Author, 2022

Radial Pa ern: This combines both linear and centralized se lement groups. In this pa ern, the houses are arranged like the spokes of a wheel. The design is adapted to the needs, func ons, and surrounding condi ons. Usually, the houses are placed lengthwise but have a focal point that serves as the central direc on (Anwar, H., & Nugraha, H. A., 2013).

50

Figure 2.44 Radial Pa ern Source: Author, 2022

a. Founda on: The Sundanese typically use stones for the founda on. Stone is also used for the stairs leading from the outside to the terrace/veranda.

These stone stairs are commonly referred to as "golodog" (Anwar, H., & Nugraha, H. A., 2013). b. House Frame: The Sundanese ethnic community uses wood or bamboo for the house frame (Anwar, H., & Nugraha, H. A., 2013). c. Floor: The floor is made of bamboo (palupuh) (Anwar, H., & Nugraha, H. A., 2013). d. Walls: The walls are made of bamboo (bilik), although some combine it with wood (Anwar, H., & Nugraha, H. A., 2013). e. Roof Covering: The roof is typically covered with ijuk or thatch (Anwar, H., & Nugraha, H. A., 2013).

Roof Pa erns The unique shape of Sundanese roofs, or suhunan, aims to honor the surrounding nature.

1

4 Julang Ngapak Roof A roof shape where the right and le sides extend wider and are more sloping.

Badak Heuay Roof A roof shape that lacks a ridge, making it resemble a yawning rhinoceros.

2 Jolopong Roof A roof shape with elongated sides, similar to a gable roof. This style is also known as suhunan panjang or gagajahan.

3 Boat-Inverted Roof (Perahu Kumureb/Perahu Nangkub) A roof shape resembling an inverted boat, similar to the limasan roof.

5 Scissor Roof (Capit Gun ng) A roof shape where the upper ends meet and the ra ers intersect, resembling a pair of scissors.

6 Dog Si ng Roof (Tagog Anjing/Jogog Anjing) This roof shape resembles a si ng dog. It is similar to the Badak Heuay roof but without the raised junc on, and it is also similar to Jolopong, with the difference being the varying slope angles on each side of the roof.

Figure 2.46 Sundanese Architectural Roof Pa ern Source: Author, 2022

51

Study of Hajat Laut Ritual as a symbol of local fishing culture

Figure 2.47 Sowing Sea Flowers on the East Coast of Pangandaran Source: dailypangandaran.com, 2022 The Sea Ritual, also known as Hajat Laut or Pesta Laut, is a tradi onal fisherman's ritual to express gra tude and ensure safety while earning a livelihood at sea. This tradi on, passed down through genera ons, involves offering agricultural and planta on produce to God (My Pangandaran, 2022). Some interpret it as a ritual of thanksgiving to the ruler of the southern sea, believing that the blessings of the sea are influenced by this en ty. Therefore, to ensure safety while earning a living at sea, fishermen conduct the Hajat Laut ritual annually.

Over me, the Hajat Laut has evolved, reflec ng the dynamic nature of culture. It has now become a public event with religious elements such as grand sermons and prayers by the shore. Ini ally, the ritual was meant to thank the ruler of the southern coast, but it has now been clarified and agreed upon that the intent is to express gra tude to God. The request to the ruler of the southern coast has been reinterpreted as a symbol, preserving cultural values (Fadilah, A. N., 2022).

The Hajat Laut ritual is typically held annually on Kamis Wage (Thursday) before Jumat Kliwon (Friday) at the beginning of the month of Muharram or Suro (Javanese calendar). The tradi onal ac vi es include ijab dongdang, kemitan dongdang, Kirab dongdang, larung dongdang, tawasul, cucurak, and culminate in a cultural performance accompanied by various compe ons and fes vi es (My Pangandaran, 2022).

52

Ini ally, fishermen bring dongdang (processions) with agricultural produce such as bananas, fruits, and tumpeng to the beach. These offerings are then placed in boats and taken to the middle of the sea. The act of larung (cas ng off) symbolizes gra tude and devo on to God, transcending with the offering of sasajen (offerings), and relates to the oneness of God, Allah SWT. Hajat Laut is a cultural assimila on origina ng from the east (Java). The original Sundanese culture was agricultural, but the migra on of people from the east (Java) to Pangandaran merged these cultures into a single ritual. In Sundanese, Hajat Laut can be divided into two words: Hajat, meaning desire or inten on, and Laut, meaning the vast crea on of the Almighty in the form of water.

Ac vity Flow of Hajat Laut

Kemitan Dongdang

walking along the coast area

Source: mypangandaran.com/galeri/read/175/3295/dokumentasihajat-laut-pantai-barat-pangandaran, 2014

Figure 2.52 Cucurak Illustra on

Figure 2.51 Larung-Tawasul Illustra on

Larung-Tawasul

5

Figure 2.50 Kirab Dongdang Illustra on

Kirab Dongdang

the beginning of the event (parade)

Source: Source: travel.de k.com/travel-news/d-5169032/hajat-laut- news.mypangandaran.com/berita/read/budaya/ pangandaran-tetap-digelar-meriah, 2020 2700/syukuran-nelayan-pangandaran-tradisiturun-temurun-dari-leluhur, 2022

4

3 6

Figure 2.53 Art Performance Illustra on

Ijab Dongdang

event opening process

2

Figure 2.49 Kemitan Dongdang Illustra on

Figure 2.48 Ijab Dongdang Illustra on

1

throwing offerings

ea ng together

Cucurak

Pagelaran Seni

Source: mypangandaran.com/galeri/read/175/3293/dokumentasi-hajatlaut-pantai-barat-pangandaran, 2014

Source: metropolitan.id/2018/05/tradisi-cucurak-ajangsilaturahmi-menyambut-ramada/, 2018

Source: mypangandaran.com/galeri/read/175/3292/dokumentasihajat-laut-pantai-barat-pangandaran, 2014

having fun

53

Study of Fisherman's Literacy as a symbol of culture Fish Auc on Ac vi es at Fish Auc ons 1. Loading and Unloading Goods: Seafood is brought directly from the boats to the Fish Auc ons for auc on or received from other Fish Auc ons with processed frozen fish (usually large-scale producers for resale in factories). The auc on process caters to small-scale buyers.

2. Fish Auc on: Conducted by the management at Fish Auc ons.

3. Post-Auc on Distribu on: Fish are distributed to fish markets or restaurants. Unsold fish are stored in cold storage (for long-term storage) and factories (for short-term storage). Another tradi onal preserva on op on is available.

4. Loading and Unloading for Distribu on: Fish are distributed either by land or sea (to other Fish Auc ons).Local Fishermen's Skills and Problem-Solving Abili esLocal fishermen have developed skills and methods to preserve unsold fish to prevent waste. There are two types of preserved fish quality: unsold auc on fish and fresh fish.

Tradi onal Fish Preserva on Methods (CNN, 2021): 1.Salt Preserva on Process: • Typically used for thick fish species, lemuru, and japu.

• Clean the fish's internal organs, wash thoroughly to remove all blood for longer preserva on, and salt the fish thoroughly, including the gaps in the flesh.

• Soak or boil the fish with salt using firewood for about 1-2 days (depending on fish size; larger fish require longer soaking). Small fish are usually boiled for 10-20 minutes.

• Dry the fish. Sunlight is crucial in the sal ng process; the more intense the sunlight, the be er. Drying typically takes about 5 days, while small fish usually take 2-3 days. The fish should not get wet during drying as it affects quality.

• Sort the fish by quality grade (Grade A is sold at a higher price, and Grade B at a lower price).

• Packaging. =

1 2 3

Loading and Unloading Goods

Fish Auc on Process

Distribu on to Fish Markets and Restaurants

4

2. Smoking Process: • Fish smoking uses coconut shell charcoal, which burns longer and doesn't easily char the food.

• Cover the fish's belly with oil paper to protect it during smoking.

The belly is not removed un l sold to the buyer. The smoking process takes 2-3 hours un l the fish is evenly cooked.

• Packaging.

Distribu on to Other Fish Auc ons or Regions Figure 2.54 Ac vity Flow at the Harbour Source:3xn.com/project/sydney-fish-market

54

Interior of Jaffa Port Market

Precedent Study of Building Func ons

Use of site-responsive materials

Responding to Social and Economic Aspects Jaffa Port Market

Jaffa Port Market is a new shopping, culinary, and entertainment venue with kiosks offering fascina ng experiences inspired by history, culture, and cuisine. It is located in the central Warehouse 1 area of the regenerated port on the Israeli waterfront.The materials used are inspired by the harbor and sea, such as fishing nets, steel structures, warehouses, and dilapidated boats docked at the pier. The material pale e includes stainless steel mesh, solid wood, steel sheets, and bricks—materials that naturally weather in the salty and humid loca on.

This provides a dis nc ve yet neutral atmosphere that allows each shop owner the freedom to express their culinary personality.

Use of site-responsive materials

Based on the precedent study of Jaffa Port Market's design, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. Material Use: U lizes materials based on the local wisdom iden ty of fishermen's daily lives and materials that respond to the site's context.

2. Open Space Typology: Employs an open space typology in the commercial area to allow vendors to connect with one another.

Figure 2.55 Jaffa port market Source: Jacobs-Yaniv Architects, (archdaily), 2012

55

Precedent Study of Building Func ons

Exterior-Interior Waterfront Tavern-Shell Cove

Responding to Social Aspects Waterfront Tavern / H&E Architects

Shell Cove is a unique and expansive social hub comprising residen al, commercial, and tourist developments located on the southern coast of Wollongong, Australia. To honor its mari me se ng, the design was developed as a contemporary interpreta on of wooden boathouses, clad in Accoya wood (acetylated mber) for durability and sustainability. The roof is made of zinc, and the building is constructed on reinforced concrete. Materials were chosen for their ability to withstand the harsh marine environment, with details developed to maximize longevity. The fabricated building is intended to be long-las ng with rela vely low maintenance (Archdaily, 2021).

56

Waterfront Tavern-Shell Cove Table 2.5 Sources of Local Wisdom Based on Waterfront Tavern study

Basic-Element Empirical Aspect

Local Wisdom and Building Func ons The building's form leading to the entrance of the port serves as a welcoming sign for fishermen as they return through the port entrance to the dock.

Public areas face north and east to capitalize on the site's aspect and poten al views. The back-of-house area is strategically placed in the southwest corner to minimize service cross-traffic, thereby maximizing opera onal efficiency.

The north and east facades consist of hydraulically operable glass panels that allow the building to embrace the environment when the weather is favorable and provide protec on when it is less invi ng.

The operable facade enables the venue to be er manage its acous c impact during the evening.

Symbol of Culture

The social hub building connects with the village to the west, extending towards a can lever over the harbor to the east.

The interior design adopts a vernacular boathouse approach, offering soaring wooden ceilings. Furniture detailing and carpentry have been designed to highlight the coastal theme in an intriguing abstrac on of the narra ve flow. The Waterfront Tavern is a contextual response to local wisdom with a modern touch, and it is responsive to its loca on.

Source: Author based on Local Wisdom Study, 2022 Figure 2.56 Waterfront Tavern-Shell Cove Source: Murray Fredericks, dan Richard Glover, 2021

57

entrance view 01

Precedent Study of Building Func ons Responding to cultural aspect

Fishing Boat Harbor and 'River' of Liopetri Architects

: Iereidis Vasilis, Michael Aimilios, Zomas Alexandros, Mitakou Eleni, Raisi Alexia, Hatzopoulos Dimitris, Fanou Paraskevi, dan Lada Anastasia.

Building Func on : Fishing Boat Harbor Site Loca on : Southeast coast of Cyprus, between Larnaca and Agia Napa Site Area : 42 hectares

bycycle parking

This design stands as a binary between experience and func on. As a result, there is no clear boundary between the fishing harbor and the na onal park. The diverse geological condi ons and Mediterranean flora surrounding the site create a unique landscape, which greatly influences the design by exploring the environment (site) as a concept for designing. The approach to the landscape is to create a unified and integrated space that provides an experience between nature and agricultural landscape (Furuto, A., 2012).

Landscape view

58

Fishing Boat Harbor and 'River' of Liopetri uses local wisdom strategies in its design. The precedent study based on the principles of local wisdom for Fishing Boat Harbor and 'River' of Liopetri is explained in the table below:

Table 2.6 Sources of Local Wisdom based on Fishing Boat Harbor and 'River' of Liopetri study

Basic-Element Empirical Aspect

Symbol of Culture

Local Wisdom and Building Func ons The unique terrain of the site area a racts visitors, providing a dis nc ve charm to those who come to the loca on.

The region's flora is highly diverse across the total site area. Within a few meters of each other, visitors can appreciate the characteris c flora of the seaside environment, tributaries, agricultural land, Mediterranean shrubs growing from rocks, and coastal pine forests.

The region's flora is highly diverse across the total site area. Within a few meters of each other, visitors can appreciate the characteris c flora of the seaside environment, tributaries, agricultural land, Mediterranean shrubs growing from rocks, and coastal pine forests.

Spaces are carved in the form of local cultural interpreta on, blending seamlessly with nature and crea ng opportuni es for visitors to remember the place for its dis nc ve features. The spaces are designed to accommodate more than one func on.

The building structures use a vernacular concept, with all materials sourced from nearby the site to reinforce the sense of place and the connec on between local customs, social aspects, and the environment.

Source: Author based on Local Wisdom Study, 2022

exterior restaurant

interior restaurant

Aerial View

Figure 2.57 Fishing Boat Harbor and ‘River’ of Liopetri Source: archdaily, 2012

59

Aerial View

Precedent Study of Building Func ons Responding to economy aspect

Sydney Fish Market combines the tradi onal fish market program with contemporary features, intended to establish a strong public connec on to the waterfront at Blackwa le Bay. The fish market design applies the concept of contemporary spa al percep on to the market archetype; a large semi-open space inhabited by rows of vendor stalls. The ground floor houses all func ons tradi onally associated with a fish market, while an amphitheater staircase and waterfront promenade allow visitors to appreciate the inner trade and opera onal func ons from a safe distance.

60

An amphitheater staircase leading from the plaza to the public market creates a waterfront promenade and connects the local environment to the central commercial area. Markets are social hubs in ci es worldwide, typically consis ng of a series of open stalls covered by a canopy and located in large squares. Maintaining the authen c market feel is the main goal of this new building. Preserving this free, human-scaled atmosphere is the design's primary focus. The undula ng roof form retains the essence of this typology and creates a modern icon for the waterfront (Allen, K. (archdaily), 2018).

Interior of the Market harbor and Auc on Place

Market port interior and loading and unloading of goods

Interior of suppor ng facili es

Waterfront area of sydney fish market

Waterfront view

Table 2.7 Sources of Local Wisdom based on 3XN’s Sydney Fish Market study

Basic-Element

Local Wisdom and Building Func ons

Symbol of Culture

Tradi onal markets are generally open spaces, while fish markets are typically enclosed from the public due to health risks posed by machinery and processes. However, this design provides a strong visual connec on to the interior func ons and allows for indirect public par cipa on in the building.

Tradi onal markets are generally open spaces, while fish markets are typically enclosed from the public due to health risks posed by machinery and processes. However, this design provides a strong visual connec on to the interior func ons and allows for indirect public par cipa on in the building.

The market design encourages sustainable strategies by incorpora ng rainwater harves ng, greywater recycling, biofiltra on, and mechanical filtra on systems. The waste system also priori zes recycling strategies to reduce unnecessary waste.

Source: Author based on Local Wisdom Study, 2022 Figure 2.58 Sidney Fish Market Source: archdaily.com, 2020

61

Schema c Analysis of Concept Synthesis VARIABEL

Site context at Cikidang Fish Landing Base in Pangandaran

INDICATOR

ANALYSIS

Building Regula ons

Building Setback Line: Front setback min. 10m, right and le side setbacks min. 4m, Green Base Coefficient 25%; Building Base Coefficient Max. allowed 60%; Building Floor Coefficient 4,5; Green open space Max. allowed 40%.

near from Fishermen’s Se lement and Aquarium

There are a chance of the access and correla on between Fishing Village and PIAMARI Aquarium

Cikidang Fish Landing Base Func ons

Apart from suppor ng management and u liza on of fishing resources and the environment, its func on is also as a place for tourists to enjoy the local wisdom of fishermen at Cikidang Fish Landing Base

SYNTESIS

BENCHMARK

SPACE LAYOUT

MASS ARRANGEMENT

BUILDING FACADE

MATERIALS Study of Fish Landing Base Cikidang of Building Func on

Design criteria of Fish Landing Base

Fulfill func onal facili es and suppor ng facili es based on recommenda ons from the Ministry of Mari me Affairs and Fisheries

Time Saver Standars for Building Types; orienta on of facili es, circula on, op mizing view poten al, minimizing radia on.

Space requirements and standards Reference standards for the Ministry of Mari me Affairs and Fisheries; Standard room layout, systems, ac vity stages.

Study of Local Wisdom

Covering aspect of; social interac on of human being, Habitat or meaningfull ac on, architecture, arts, literary, ritual, and local myths

STRUCTURE AND INFRASTRUCTURE

CIRCULATION

LANDSCAPE

Empirical Aspect, and Symbol of Culture

Figure 2.59 Concept Synthesis Analysis Scheme based on Variable Study Analysis Source: Author, 2022

62

03.

Problem Solving // Exis ng Building Analysis Exis ng Building Analysis and New Building Planning Analysis Circula on Analysis View Analysis Climate Analysis Zoning Analysis Analysis of Fishermen Ac vity Pa erns Analysis of Manager Ac vity Pa erns Analysis of Trader Ac vity Pa erns Analysis of Visitor Ac vity Pa erns Zoning and Plo ng Design Concept Mass Arrangement Design Concept Mass Arrangement Axonometry Synthesis of Design Concept

4

Exis ng Buildings Analysis MAP KEY: Buildings to be Demolished Buildings to be Retained 8

6

5

5 7

1

2

BNI Shelters: Both BNI shelters will be demolished, and their previous storage func on will be relocated to a more secure locker area for fishermen.

3 4

N

Main Entrance Gate of PPI Cikidang: The main entrance gate will be retained with minor modifica ons to align with the new design.

1 Canteen Area: The canteen area will be relocated and repurposed, but the exis ng structure will be retained with a new façade design.

2

Ice Factory Area: The ice factory area will be maintained, with an expansion to accommodate the increased property size.

3

6 Fishermen's Homestead: The fishermen's Homestead will be demolished as it does not comply with the regional spa al planning regula ons of Pangandaran Regency No. 3 of 2018-2038, which requires a minimum front setback of 10 meters.

7

Office Area: The office area will be relocated, but its structure will be retained and its façade will be redesigned. The lighthouse will be demolished and its func on relocated.

8

Fish Auc on House: The fish auc on house will be relocated, but its structure will be retained and adapted to the new func on and façade design.

64

Residents' Canteen Shacks (illegal structures): The illegal canteen shacks will be demolished and relocated to fit the new design.

Figure 3.1 Exix ng Building Analysis Source: Author, 2022

Exis ng Buildings and New Building Planning Analysis

Figure 3.2 Exis ng Building and Planning Analysis Source: Author, 2022

65

Circula on Analysis

N

Figure 3.3 Circula on Analysis Source: Author, 2022 Based on the analysis in Chapter 2, several circula on analisys points were iden fied: • The western direc on inten onally does not have public pedestrian access as it is a private area restricted to fishermen and management only.

• There is a dedicated pedestrian area for fishermen to facilitate their circula on a er fishing.

• The parking area is located near the main public access to make it easier for users or visitors to access the buildings from both the west and the east direc ons.

66

Furthermore, the posi oning of loading docks on land and at the dock is strategically plo ed to pass through the fish auc on area.

• The fish market area is placed close to the fish auc on house to facilitate the distribu on process and allow visitors to observe the auc on process.

• The amphitheater is situated at the eastern end to streamline and make circula on more efficient during the sea ritual parades from the fishing village.

View Analysis

N

Figure 3.4 View Analysis Source: Author, 2022 Based on the analysis in Chapter 2, several view analysis points were iden fied: • The service area is posi oned lengthwise at the northern end.

• The fishermen's dormitory, fish market, and amphitheater are arranged lengthwise from west to east to op mize the poten al views, showcasing the dock area with fishermen's ac vi es and the scenic sea views.

67

Climate Analysis

N

Figure 3.5 Climate Analysis Source: Author, 2022 Based on the analysis in Chapter 2, several climate analysis points were iden fied: • The buildings are oriented lengthwise from west to east to minimize solar radia on and incorporate shading or overhangs.

• Considering the wind direc on at the site, the building should face perpendicular to the prevailing wind direc on. To op mize the poten al of the wind, which has an average speed of 12-27 km/h in the fish market area, the market buildings are situated at the southern end. This can also enhance the applica on of local wisdom principles.

68

Zoning Analysis

N

Figure 3.6 Zoning Analysis Source: Author, 2022 The zoning analysis of the public area is influenced by the loca on of the fishing village to facilitate visitors' access to the village. The private area is located at the western end, away from the fishing village access. In terms of accessibility, the area near the dock includes private and semi-public zones. The semi-public zone is designed based on the design analysis to allow visitors to observe or socially interact with the ac vi es of the fishermen.

69

Analysis of Fisherhermen Ac vity Pa erns

N

Figure 3.7 Analysis of Fishermen Ac vity Pa erns Source: Author, 2022 Based on observa ons and the pa erns formed by the fishermen's ac vi es, a designated plo ng and zoning area has been iden fied, marked in pink. This expansive zone reflects the extensive needs of the fishermen, which are dictated by their daily rou nes and opera onal requirements.

70

Analysis of Manager Ac vity Pa erns

N

Figure 3.8 Analysis of Manager Ac vity Pa erns Source: Author, 2022 The pa erns formed by the management's ac vi es closely mirror those of the fishermen, with the primary difference lying in the specific ac vity zones. The office area, encompassing various administra ve and supervisory func ons of the Fish Landing Base, is consolidated to streamline accessibility for users.

71

Analysis of Trader Ac vity Pa erns

N

Figure 3.9 Analysis of Trader Ac vity Pa erns Source: Author, 2022 The ac vity pa ern of traders extends from the central point of the site to the eastern part, with the Fish Auc on Place strategically located at the main entrance to facilitate easy access. To the west of this area is the office where traders can conveniently register to par cipate in the fish auc on.

72

Analysis of Visitor Ac vity Pa erns

N

Figure 3.10 Analysis of Visitor Ac vity Pa erns Source: Author, 2022 The orienta on of visitor pathways is strategically directed towards the Fishermen's Village. This design allows visitors to immerse themselves in local cultural tourism, experiencing tradi onal ac vi es such as handicra s, fish preserva on and processing, and other authen c community prac ces.

73

Zoning and Plo ng Design Concept

N

Based on the conceptual analysis and the study in chapter 2, several key points have been iden fied: • The orienta on of facili es at the Fish Landing Base should be close to the dock to facilitate and expedite the fish auc on process for the fishermen.

• Access for fishermen to Fish Landing Base facili es should be easy, including access to maintenance areas for boats and fishing gear, such as the fishermen's lodge, workshop, dock/slipway, net repair area, and fuel installa on.

• The boat maintenance area (workshop) should have direct access to the dock, with a slipway to facilitate the transporta on of boats from the dock to the workshop for repairs.

• The amphitheater should be oriented towards the water to provide scenic views, while also being posi oned to avoid direct sunlight during certain mes of the day.

74

Figure 3.11 Zoning and Plo ng Design Concept Source: Author, 2022

MAP KEY: Site Limita ons Fisherman and Management Zone Trader Zone Visitor Zone

Mass Arrangement Design Concept

The mass arrangement is designed in clusters to evoke the feel of a Fishing Village.

This clustering is influenced by the analysis of zoning, views, climate, and ac vity pa erns. Several structures are arranged to intersect with the dock, allowing for direct access, such as the Fish Auc on Place and the Workshop. This ensures that users can easily move towards the dock, facilita ng the flow of ac vi es.

Figure 3.12 Mass Arrangement Design Concept Source: Author, 2022 MAP KEY: Fishermen and Operator’s Homestead Mee ng Area Workshop Cold Storage Parking Area Office Area Ice Factory Installa on

Fish Auc on Fish Market and Culinary Area Lighthouse Mushalla and Toilet Green Base Coefficient (KDH) Building Setback Line (GSB)

75

Mass Arrangement Axonometry

The presence of exis ng buildings on the design site The placement of the building masses takes into account necessitates a selec ve approach to preserva on and accessibility to the fish market and culinary tourism areas in demoli on. Structures such as the lighthouse and the main gate rela on to the fishing village and PIAMARI aquarium, both will be fully retained. The Fish Auc on Place, Ice Factory, located to the east of the site. This results in a func onal division Canteen, and Office Buildings will have their structures between public areas (east) and private areas (west). preserved, with facades updated to align with the new design. Addi onally, the new building masses consider the structural However, the BNI Shelter, Mosque, Local Canteen, and grid of the exis ng buildings.

Fishermen's Lodging will be demolished as they exceed the building setback line of 10 meters.

Semi Private Access Fishermen and Management Semi Public Access Fishermen, Management, and buyer/trader Private Access Fishermen Public Access Private Access Management

The final design form has been determined through thorough analysis and data review stages.

Figure 3.13 Mass Arrangement Axonometry Source: Author, 2022

76

Synthesis of Design Concept Fish Auc on Concept

Based on Responses to Social Interac on of Human Being Studies

There is transparency between the visitor circula on area and the Fish Auc on Place, allowing visitors to observe the auc on process. This design choice also creates an opportunity for visitors to par cipate in the fish auc on.

Figure 3.14 Exterior Concept of Fish Auc on Place Source: Author, 2022

To ensure comfortable viewpoints for auc on par cipants at the Fish Auc on Place, ered sea ng is provided. This sea ng arrangement also func ons to give the auc on officials (auc oneer, sorter, and weigher) ample space to carry out their ac vi es without being disturbed by the auc on par cipants.

Ac vi es that will be held at the fish auc on:

Figure 3.15 Interior Concept of Fish Auc on Place Source: Author, 2022

77

Synthesis of Design Concept Facade Concept for Culinary Tourism Area (1st Floor) Based on Responses to Marine Habitat and Art Studies

Angklung, a tradi onal musical instrument from West Java, is used as the building envelope and soundscape in the culinary tourism area. The strong winds, a combina on of sea and land breezes, are harnessed to produce sounds from the angklung. This integra on not only enhances the aesthe c appeal but also creates an auditory experience that reflects the local cultural iden ty.

78

Figure 3.16 Building Envelope Concept for Culinary Tourism Source: Author, 2022

Synthesis of Design Concept Ceiling Concept for the Fish Market Area (Ground Floor) Based on Responses to Marine Habitat and Art Studies

The musical instrument Kolo k (Kolotok Leu k/Kolotok Kecil/ Small Kolotok) originates from West Java, Indonesia. The material for Kolo k is chosen from coconut shell waste, bamboo, and rope.

Ini ally, Kolotok (in a larger size) was used as a necklace for buffaloes while plowing fields. The sound produced by Kolo k is influenced by its size and is o en paired with the angklung. In this design, Kolo k is placed on the ceiling of the Fish Market area as a soundscape, u lizing the wind and vibra ons generated from the Culinary Tourism Area (1st Floor).

Figure 3.17 Fish Market Ceiling Concept Source: Author, 2022

79

Synthesis of Design Concept Fish Market and Culinary Tourism Area Concept Based on Responses to Marine Habitat and Art Studies

1ST FLOOR

P M RA

A coconut tree is placed in the center of the fish market area as a symbol of the offerings that will later be cast into the sea. It is surrounded by musical instruments designed to ward off pests or plagues. The louder the sound produced by these instruments, the be er the protec on against disasters.

80

GROUND FLOOR

Figure 3.18 Void-Ramp Area Concept for Fish Market and Culinary Tourism Source: Author, 2022

Synthesis of Design Concept Transforma on Concept of The Fish Auc on Roof Based on Responses to Sundanese Architectural Typology Studies

Phase 1 The Jolopong roof's red line marker is made transparent to allow

Phase 2 The upper part of the roof is also made transparent to maximize

natural light to enter the building.

the entry of natural sunlight.

Phase 3 A balcony is added to provide visitors with a space to enjoy views of the sea, the dock, and the process of unloading and auc oning the fish catch.

Figure 3.19 Jolopong Roof Transforma on Concept for Fish Auc on Source: Author, 2022

81

Synthesis of Design Concept Material and Structural Design Concept for the Fish Market Area Based on Responses to Sundanese Architectural Typology Studies ijuk (roof)

As depicted in Figure 3.20, the materials used in the structure are based on the study of Sundanese a r c h i t e c t u r a l t y p o l o g y. T h e transforma on of the column and roof shapes is inspired by the Julang Ngapak roof.

wood (column)

JULA NGAPNAGK ROOF

Phase 1

stone (column)

Phase 2

The structure is situated in the area designated for processing and drying salted and smoked fish. It is designed as an open space to allow smoke and odors to disperse outside. This design also creates an opportunity for visitors to observe and learn about tradi onal fish preserva on methods.

The materials used in the structure incorporate natural elements such as ijuk (sugar palm fiber), wood, and stone. These materials not only enhance the aesthe c appeal of the design but also align with tradi onal Sundanese construc on prac ces.

Illustra on of Rainwater Harves ng:

Phase 3

Rainwater is channeled from the roof to the center of the column, where it is then processed for reuse.

Figure 3.20 Julang Ngapak Roof Transforma on Concept for Fish Market Source: Author, 2022

82

Synthesis of Design Concept Waterfront Circula on Concept:

Based on Responses to Social Interac on of Human Being Studies There is a designated separa on between the public pedestrian area and the pedestrian area specifically for fishermen's circula on. However, the la er can be accessed by the public and is located near the dock, serving as a space for fishermen to engage in ac vi es both before and a er fishing, such as sor ng fish, arranging nets, or relaxing and taking shelter.

This design responds to the key indicators of social interac on in the local wisdom concept.

Figure 3.21 Waterfront Circula on Concept Source: Author, 2022

Ac vi es that will be held in the fishing pedestrian area:

83

Synthesis of Design Concept Landscape

Based on Responses to Local Myth (Ritual) hajat laut Studies The amphitheater is posi oned close to the dock, Aerial view of Amphitheater providing a natural backdrop, while ensuring it does not obstruct the fishermen's access to their boats. This amphitheater is designed to accommodate the series of ac vi es associated with the Hajat Laut ceremony and various ar s c performances.

Ac vi es that will be held in the amphitheater:

Audience Perspec ve

Figure 3.22 Amphitheatre Concept for Sea Ritual Source: Author, 2022

84

04.

Problem Resolu on // Property Size Natural Ligh ng and Air Condi oning Scheme Situasi Exploded Axonometric of Cikidang Fish Landing Base Site Plan Ac vity Flow at Cikidang Fish Landing Base Building Plan Annual Local Wisdom Event: Hajat Laut Fishermen's Ritual in Pangandaran Building Area View Exterior and Interior Perspec ve Building View Building Sec on The Sound of Local Wisdom Folded Plate Roof Detail - Rainwater Harves ng Process Landscape Furniture Detail U lity System Building Safety System Barrier Free

Property Size Table 4.1 Requirements and Standards for Func onal Facili es Func onal Facili es Fish Auc on

Fish Market

Sor ng Space

Standard (person/space) based on exis ng references and a few addi ons 0,17 m²/ basket, 4 m²/ person

Loading dock for fish auc on

minimum width 3-4 m

sort width x space width

Seafood Kiosk

Based on 2018 UPTD Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Pangandaran data, the number of fish traders or baskets is ± 126 people.

12 kiosk x 12,5 m²

150 m²

5 m², ±90 trader

600m²

58 kiosk x 9 m²

130 m²

5 m², ±90 trader

623 m²

Fish Drying Room

3,4 m²/table, ±115 table

400 m²

Salted Fish Processing Room

3,4 m²/table

500 m²

Space Requirements Fish Auc on

Non-Tradi onal Culinary Kiosk Fish Market Kiosk Non-Fish Market Kiosk

Smoked Fish processing Room

2 m²/ meja, 4 m²/ manusia

Shipping Naviga on and Communica ons

Telephone room internet + radio communica on (Lighthouse)

16 m²/ layout ruang (Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert) based on exis ng references

Installa on of supplies

Clean water supply installa on

Cold Storage Ship and Fishing Equipment Maintenance Place

4 person= 4m²= 220 person ±1000 basket

Total Area + Circula on (m²)

913,660 m² 180 m² 103,5 m²

756 m²

(Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert)

12,25 m²

1 room 1 ruang

25 m²

Fuel oil installa ons

2,5 m²/ torn (Catalogue) 5,58 m²/ fuel, 24 m²/boat

Ice factory installa on

katalog polaricemachine.com

195 m²/ block ice machine = 12.5 kg 1 room

288 m²

Electrical installa on

5,5 m² (electrical catalogue)

1 room

20 m²

Cold Storage

7,6 m²/ shelf, 0,17 m²/ basket

230 m²

Loading dock Cold Storage Workshop + Net repair place

minimum width 3-4 m 270 m²/ room, 24 m²/boat

5 rack, ±1.100 basket sort width x width room 1 room, 5 boat

Dock/slipway

min. width 5m, 1:10 Construc on and maintenance of ar sanal fishing harbours and village landings

Warehouse

25 m² (Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert)

5 boat 1 room

800 m² 150 m²

PIPP service office

8,8 m²/ table layout

3 table

31 m²

4 table

35 m²

Harbormaster's office

4 table

35 m²

Cold Storage service office

2 table

17,5 m²

Water service office

2 table

17,5 m²

Personnel services office

4 table

33,25 m²

Building use services office

4 table

33,25 m²

CCTV Monitoring Room

2 table

14,030 m²

Si ng room

1 room, 3 table

48 m²

Fish Auc on Place service counter

2 table-queue circula on

10 m²

Ice service counter

2 table-queue circula on

10 m²

Workshop service office

4 table

35 m²

Service complaints office Office Area

Capacity

(Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert)

(Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert)

(Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert)

3 torn

7,5 m²

2 gas sta ons + 3 boats

30 m²

60 m²

25m²

Source: Author's Analysis, 2022

86

Table 4.2 Requirements and Standards for Suppor ng Facili es Suppor ng Facili es

Space Requirements Fishermen's Mee ng Area

Standard (person/space)

Capacity

Total Area + Circula on (m²)

85,5 m²

Fisherman's Homestead

3 m²/ person (Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert) ±30 person 6,125 m²/ bed and cupboard layout 72 person (Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert)

252 m²

Mushalla

1,2 m²/ person (Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert) 14 person

25 m²

Women's Toilet Men's Toilet

1,275 m²/ toilet x 1.65 (wudhu area) 3 toilet, 5 wudhu tap (Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert)

13,966 m²

4 toilet, 5 wudhu tap

17,5 m² 3,543 m²

Disabled Toilet

3,534 m²/ toilet layout

Culinary Area

4 m²/table layout

(Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert)

1 person ± 100 person

Lacta on Room

9 m²/ couch layout, 1 m²/sink

1 couch layout, 3 sink

25 m²

Locker Room

1 m²/ locker

1 room x ± 150 fishermen

42 m²

Warehouse

adjustable m² 16 m²/room layout

cc cc

Bicycle parking area

adjustable m² 1,14 m²/ bicycle

(Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert)

8 bicycle

Car parking area

12,5m², disabled 22,250m² (Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert)

2 disabled, 38 car

948,997 m²

Motorcycle parking area

2,513m²/ motorcycle

(Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert)

70 motorcycle

178,520 m²

Amphitheater

4 m²/ person

± 50 person

200,433 m²

Guardhouse Port facili es informa on, Videotron

Total Size = 13.049,086m²

(lingkarsosial.org)

(Data Arsitek, Ernst Neufert)

1,500 m²

m²

1 room

16 m² m² 16,8 m²

Source: Author's Analysis, 2022

87

Fisherman's Village, Babakan Village

la Pe

Situa on

ge illa

st.

nV

bu

ka aba

nC

ha

B

iki

ARI

ng

da Babakan Village st.

st.

an Vil Babak

Ba ba ka n

t. lage s

Vi lla ge

st.

Fisherman's Village, Babakan Village

M PIA

Cikidang Fish Landing Base Pier Fisherman's Village, Babakan Village

d Re e dg

Bri Cikidang River

East Coast

r

tai n a P

u Tim

st.

GSB KDH KDB

Front 10m Right, Left 4m Back 4m

25%

Max. 60%

KLB RTH Total Size 4,5

Max. 40%

13.049,086 m²

SURROUNDINGS The design of the Cikidang Fishing Port (Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Cikidang) is primarily oriented towards the Pangandaran main road (straight from Pelabuhan Cikidang st. On the east side facing the se lement of cikidang village or fishing se lement and the PIAMARI aquarium (Pangandaran Integrated Aquarium and Marine Research Ins tute).

Figure 4.1 Situa on Source: Author, 2022

88

MAP KEY

Site Plan

Green Area

Pavement - Asphalt Dark

Laminated Wood

Wharf - Coast

Pavement - Porous Concrete

Ceramic - 50x50 cm

Water fountain

Pavement - Grass Block

Ceramic - 30x30 cm

Fishermen's Mee ng Hall

MEE Room

Fish Market

Mushalla and Toilet

CCTV Monitor Room and Warehouse

Relaxing Area

Oil Refueling Vehicle Parking

Cold Storage

Visitor Parking Area

Fuel Oil Installa on

Office Area

Bus Parking Area

Fisherman's Homestead

Ice Factory Wai ng Area

Main Gate

Ship Maintenance Place (Bengkel)

Ice Factory

Workshop Services Office

Loading Dock (Land Route)

Workshop Warehouse

Ice Counter, Cold Storage Counter, and Fish Auc on Counter

Fisherman's Locker Room

Fish Auc on

Parking Area for Officers and Fishermen

Loading Dock (Sea Route)

Figure 4.2 Site Plan Source: Author, 2022

89

Building Plan Ship Maintenance Place and Fisherman's Homestead

Fish Auc on and Office Ground Floor Plan Scale 1:350

Figure 4.3 Floor Plan of Ship Maintenance Area and Fishermen’s Fisherman's Homestead Source: Author, 2022

90

Fish Market

Ship Maintenance Place and Fisherman's Homestead

Building Plan Fish Auc on and Office Area

Ground Floor Plan Scale 1:350

Figure 4.4 Floor Plan of Fish Auc on Place and Cikidang Fish Landing Base Office Source: Author, 2022

91

Building Plan Babakan Village Cra s and Souvenirs Centre

Culinary Seafood Area 1st Floor Plan Scale 1:350

Figure 4.5 Floor Plan of Cra and Souvenir Centre in Babakan Village Source: Author, 2022

92

Fish Auc on and Office

Building Plan Fish Market and Culinary Seafood Area

Babakan Village Cra s and Souvenirs Centre

Ground Floor Plan Scale 1:500 Figure 4.6 Fish Market Floor Plan Source: Author, 2022

1st Floor Plan Scale 1:500 Figure 4.7 Culinary Area (Seafood) Floor Plan Source: Author, 2022

93

Building Area View

+85,000

Building Area View - West Scale 1:850 Figure 4.8 Building Area View - West Source: Author, 2022

+15,000 +11,000 +4,000

Bus Parking Area

Visitor Parking Area

Main Fish Market and Cold Storage Management Gate Culinary Area and Souvenir and Fishermen Centre Parking Area

Fisherman's Homestead

Mushalla

Fishermen's Dock Mee ng Hall

+85,000

Building Area View - East Scale 1:850 Figure 4.9 Building Area View - East Source: Author, 2022

+15,000 +11,000 +4,000

94

Dock

Ship Maintenance Place

Office

Ice Factory

Fish Auc on

Fish Market and Culinary Area

Lighthouse

Fuel Oil Installa ons Mushalla

Visitor Parking Area

Bus Parking Area

Building Area View +85,000

Fish Auc on

Main Loading Gate Dock

Management and Fishermen Parking Area

Fish Market and Culinary Area

Cold Storage and Souvenir Centre

Visitor Parking Area

Lighthouse

Bus Parking Area

+15,000 +11,000 +4,000 Fishermen's Fishermen's Homestead Mee ng Hall

Building Area View - North Scale 1:1400 Figure 4.10 Building Area View - North Source: Author, 2022 +85,000

+15,000 +11,000 +4,000 Fish Market and Culinary Area

Lighthouse

Ship Maintenance Place Workshop service office

Fuel Oil Installa ons

Fishermen's Mee ng Hall

Mushalla

Dock

Ice Factory Fish Auc on and Wai ng room

Visitor Bus Parking Area Parking Area

Building Area View - South Scale 1:1400 Figure 4.11 Building Area View - South Source: Author, 2022

95

Building View Ship Maintenance Place and Fisherman's Homestead Fish Auc on SOUTHEAST VIEW

Fish Auc on

SOUTHWEST VIEW

NORTHWEST VIEW Figure 4.12 Building View of Ship Maintenance Area and Fisherman's Homestead Source: Author, 2022

96

Fish Market

Fisherman's workshop and homestead

Building View Fish Auc on Place and Souvenir Centre

Fisherman's workshop and homestead

Fish Market

SOUTHEAST VIEW

NORTHWEST VIEW

Figure 4.13 Building View - Fish Auc on Place and Souvenir Centre Source: Author, 2022

97

Fish Auc on

Parking Area

Building View Fish Market

NORTHWEST VIEW

NORTHEAST VIEW

Fish Auc on

Parking Area SOUTHEAST VIEW

Figure 4.14 Building View - Fish Market and Culinary Area (Seafood) Source: Author, 2022

98

Building Sec on 01 Fish Market

Building Sec on 01 - Fish Market Scale 1:200

Figure 4.15 Building Sec on S1 - Fish Market Source: Author, 2022

99

Building Sec on 02 Fish Auc on

Building Sec on 02 - Fish Auc on Scale 1:300

Figure 4.16 Building Sec on S2 - Fish Auc on Place Source: Author, 2022

100

Building Sec on 03 Fishermen’s Homestead

Building Sec on - Fishermen’s Homestead Scale 1:50

Figure 4.17 Building Sec on S3 - Fisherman's Homestead Source: Author, 2022

101

Fish Auc on and Office Area

The Sound of Local Wisdom Sound Spots Plan - Kolo k

Sound Spots of Kolo k at Fish Market - Ground Floor Scale 1:500

Kolo k Sound Installa on Details:

The sound produced by Kolo k (kolotok leu k/small), which u lizes the poten al of land and sea winds, as well as the vibra ons generated from the first floor (above).

Figure 4.18 Sound Spots of Kolo k Source: Author, 2022

102

Souvenir Centre by Babakan Village

The Sound of Local Wisdom Sound Spots Plan - Angklung

Sound Spots of Angklung at Culinary Area - 1st Floor Plan Scale 1:500

Angklung Facade Detail Scale 1:250

The sound produced by the angklung u lizes the poten al of land and sea winds. The angklung also serves as the building's facade on the first floor.

Figure 4.19 Sound Spots of Angklung Source: Author, 2022

103

The Sound of Local Wisdom Sound Spots - Kolo k and Angklung

The coconut tree, serving as the focal point of the building, symbolizes the offerings that will be set adri during the ritual of "Hajat Laut."

In the void area, visitors can hear the sounds of angklung and kolo k simultaneously. This tradi on, rooted in the myths of the Sundanese ancestors of Pangandaran, aims to ward off pests and disasters. The louder the sounds produced, the be er it is believed to be, and the further away misfortune will stay.

Figure 4.20 Sound Spots of Angklung Source: Author, 2022

104

Folded Plate Roof Detail Rainwater Harves ng Process Rainwater

Water Pipe Rainwater falling from the roof is collected through gu ers. rainwater is channeled through the pipe downwards before entering the reservoir. rainwater enters the leaf filter made of wire mesh Water Distribution distribu on of rainwater in each kitchen in the culinary area and green roof

City Water

Rainwater enters the reservoir which is equipped with a fine dust/ sand filter.

Folded Plate Roof Detail - Rainwater Harves ng Process Scale 1:100

Ground Water Tank Overload Water excess rainwater in the reservoir will enter the pipeline connected to the underground infiltra on well

Figure 4.21 Folded Plate Roof Detail Source: Author, 2022

105

Landscape Furniture Detail

Landscape Furniture Detail Scale 1:30 Figure 4.22 Landscape Furniture Detail Source: Author, 2022

106

U lity System

Ground Floor Plan

Figure 4.23 U lity System Source: Author, 2022

107

Building Safety System

Ground Floor Plan

1st Floor Plan

Figure 4.24 Building Safety System Source: Author, 2022

108

Barrier Free

Ground Floor Plan

1st Floor Plan

Figure 4.25 Barrier-Free Source: Author, 2022

109

Natural Ligh ng and Air Condi oning Scheme Fish Auc on and Fish Market TRANSPARANT ROOF

FISH AUCTION

STEPPED ROOF TRANSPARANT ROOF

FISH MARKET AND CULINARY AREA

The open space design of the building allows wind to flow through, effec vely reducing the fish odor. Transparent polycarbonate roofing is u lized to let natural sunlight in, thereby minimizing the need for ar ficial ligh ng and reducing energy consump on.

Figure 4.26 Natural Ligh ng and Ven la on Scheme Source: Author, 2022

110

Exploded Axonometric of Cikidang Fish Landing Base Roof Layer - Bitumen Roof Transparant Layer - Polycarbonate Roof Layer - Ijuk Roof Canopy Layer - uPVC Alderon

Folded Plate (canopy) - Laminated Wood

Colum 80x80 cm - Concrete

Column 20x20 cm - Pipe, Laminated Wood

Roof Frame - 30x60 cm Precast Reinforced Concrete

Column 30x30 cm - Pipe, Concrete

Column 30x30 cm - Wood

Founda on - Pile Drill

Founda on - Umpak Stone

Culinary Seafood Area Culinary Tradi onal Food Area Souvenir Centre Green Roof

Fishermen's Mee ng Hall

Office Area

Mushalla and Toilet

Ice Factory Wai ng Area

Oil Refueling Vehicle Parking

Ice Factory

Fuel Oil Installa on

Loading Dock (Land Route)

Fisherman's Homestead

Ice Counter, Cold Storage Counter, and Fish Auc on Counter

Ship Maintenance Place (Workshop)

Fish Auc on

Workshop Services Office

Loading Dock (Sea Route)

Warehouse

Fish Market

Fisherman's Locker Room

Relaxing Area

Parking Area for Officers and Fishermen

Visitor Parking Area

MEE Room

Bus Parking Area

CCTV Monitor Room and Warehouse

Main Gate

Cold Storage

Lighthouse

Figure 4.27 Exploded Axonometry of Cikidang Fish Landing Base Source: Author, 2022

111

The loading and unloading of fishermen's catch are centrally located on the site, closely adjacent to the fish auc on place. This strategic placement aims to facilitate and expedite the fishermen's access to the auc on.

The Fish Auc on Place serves as the central hub for transac ons between sellers and fishermen, involving the fish caught at sea.

112

The loading dock for the sea route is strategically placed near the fish auc on area and is designated for larger fishing vessels.

The loading dock for the land route is located near the cold storage, ice factory, office area, and fish auc on place to streamline circula on and distribu on processes.

113

The distribu on of auc oned fish takes place in the fish market area, facilitated by local traders.

The auc oned fish is distributed in the culinary tourism area - seafood, allowing tourists to enjoy fresh local seafood dishes.

114

Cold storage func ons as a preserva on facility for unsold or already sold fish, ensuring the quality of the fish is maintained by keeping it at low temperatures.

115

Annual Local Wisdom Event: Hajat Laut Fishermen's Ritual in Pangandaran The Hajat Laut ritual is an annual event held on Kamis Wage (a specific day in the Javanese calendar) just before Jumat Kliwon at the beginning of the month of Muharam or Suro in the Javanese calendar.

The event typically begins with a communal meal shared among the local residents.

Similar to the opening, the event concludes with another communal meal.

116

A er the Ijab Dongdang ritual, a parade takes place, either around the village or along the beach, before returning to the dock to perform the sea offering ritual.

Post-meal, the fes vi es include t ra d i o n a l Pa n ga n d a ra n o r Sundanese arts, characterized by joyous ac vi es and various compe ons.

117

118

119

120

121

122

05.

Design Evalua on // Reloca on of Lighthouse Loca on Comparison Between Exis ng Lighthouse - New Lighthouse Revitalisa on of New Tourism at Cikidang Fish Landing Base Change of Space Func on

Reloca on of Lighthouse

EXISTING LIGHTHOUSE

Before Evalua on

NEW SPOT OF LIGHTHOUSE

A er Evalua on 124

Comparison between Exis ng Lighthouse - New Lighthouse

MERCUSUAR BARU +85,000 Lampu Suar (Area Pengelola) Area Pengunjung

EXISTING LIGHTHOUSE +25,000

FISH AUCTION

+15,000 FISH MARKET

+11,000 VISITOR PARKING AREA ±0,000

The exis ng lighthouse stands approximately 25 meters tall and is situated between the fish auc on place (le in the image) and the fish market (right in the image). It currently lacks a beacon light and obstructs the view from the culinary area/fish market to the fish auc on place, which is also the venue for the annual Hajat Laut celebra on.

The new lighthouse will be placed between the fish market (le in the image) and the visitor parking area (right in the image). It will stand approximately 85 meters tall, serving as a landmark visible from a great distance. Addi onally, it will be equipped with a beacon light to serve as a marine traffic signal, guiding fishermen safely to the port, especially at night.

125

Revitalisa on of New Tourism at Cikidang Fish Landing Base

To maximize func onality and increase local revenue, the new lighthouse will be designed as a public building. This will allow visitors to access and enjoy panoramic views of Pangandaran from the top of the lighthouse.

126

Revitalisa on of New Tourism at Cikidang Fish Landing Base

The culinary tourism area at Cikidang Fish Landing Base, located on the first floor, is designed to facilitate collabora on between local traders and fishermen. Freshly caught fish are processed and prepared into fresh seafood dishes, providing a unique and direct farm-to-table experience for visitors.

127

Revitalisa on of New Tourism at Cikidang Fish Landing Base

Visitors without a Fisherman's Membership Card can s ll enjoy fishing by purchasing a cket first. A erward, they will receive instruc ons from the management on how to proceed.

128

Change of Space Func on

Before Evalua on Fish Preserva on Area The fish preserva on process involves drying the fish under direct sunlight to ensure they have a high-quality taste.

A er Evalua on: Babakan Village Souvenir Center To minimize the odor produced by the fish, the fish preserva on area will remain in the fisherman's village. The preserved fish products can then be sold at the souvenir center on the first floor.

129

06.

A achment // Plagiarism Check Result Statement Le er - Turni n Check (Indonesian Version) Intellectual Property e-Copyright Cer ficate (Indonesian Version) Presenta on Board

Direktorat Perpustakaan Universitas Islam Indonesia Gedung Moh. Ha a JI. Kaliurang Km 14,5 Yogyakarta 55584 T. (0274) 898444 ext.2301 F. (0274) 898444 psw.2091 E. perpustakaan@uii.ac.id W. library.uii.ac.id

SURAT KETERANGAN HASIL CEK PLAGIASI Nomor: 1986645466/Perpus./10/Dir.Perpus/XI/2022 Bismillaahirrahmaanirrahiim Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb. Dengan ini, menerangkan Bahwa: Nama : 17512162 Nomor Mahasiswa : Resti Nurwinda Pembimbing : 17512162 Arif Budi Sholihah, S.T., M.SC., Ph.D. Fakultas / Prodi : Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan/ Arsitektur Judul Karya Ilmiah : Revitalisasi Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Cikidang sebagai identitas kawasan wisata nelayan Pangandaran dengan pendekatan kearifan lokal Revitalization of Cikidang Fishing Port as an identity of the Pangandaran Fishing tourism Area with a Local Wisdom Approach

Karya ilmiah yang bersangkutan di atas telah melalui proses cek plagiasi menggunakan Turnitin dengan hasil kemiripan (similarity) sebesar 14 (Empat Belas) %.

Demikian Surat Keterangan ini dibuat untuk dapat dipergunakan sebagaimana mestinya.

Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb.

Yogyakarta, 12/26/2022 Direktur

Muhammad Jamil, SIP.

131

REPUBLIK INDONESIA KEMENTERIAN HUKUM DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA

SURAT PENCATATAN CIPTAAN Dalam rangka pelindungan ciptaan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan, seni dan sastra berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta, dengan ini menerangkan: Nomor dan tanggal permohonan

: EC00202314366, 16 Februari 2023

Pencipta Nama

: Resti Nurwinda dan Arif Budi Sholihah, S.T., M.Sc, Ph.D.

Alamat

: Dusun Girisetra Kalipucang, RT 006 RW 003, Kel/Desa Kalipucang, Kecamatan Kalipucang, Pangandaran, JAWA BARAT, 46397

Kewarganegaraan

: Indonesia

Pemegang Hak Cipta Nama

: Resti Nurwinda dan Arif Budi Sholihah, S.T., M.Sc, Ph.D.

Alamat

: Dusun Girisetra Kalipucang, RT 006 RW 003, Kel/Desa Kalipucang, Kecamatan Kalipucang, Pangandaran, JAWA BARAT, 46397

Kewarganegaraan

: Indonesia

Jenis Ciptaan

: Arsitektur

Judul Ciptaan

: Revitalisasi Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Cikidang Sebagai Identitas Kawasan Wisata Nelayan Pangandaran Dengan Pendekatan Kearifan Lokal

Tanggal dan tempat diumumkan untuk pertama kali di wilayah Indonesia atau di luar wilayah Indonesia

: 16 Februari 2023, di Yogyakarta

Jangka waktu pelindungan

: Berlaku selama hidup Pencipta dan terus berlangsung selama 70 (tujuh puluh) tahun setelah Pencipta meninggal dunia, terhitung mulai tanggal 1 Januari tahun berikutnya.

Nomor pencatatan

: 000447289

adalah benar berdasarkan keterangan yang diberikan oleh Pemohon.

Surat Pencatatan Hak Cipta atau produk Hak terkait ini sesuai dengan Pasal 72 Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta. a.n Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Direktur Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual u.b.

Direktur Hak Cipta dan Desain Industri

Anggoro Dasananto NIP.196412081991031002

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

07.

References //

References

Adriani, W. (2021). Revitalisasi Secara Harfiahnya. Available at: h p://repository.uinbanten.ac.id/7137/4/BAB%20II.pdf [Accessed 7 September 2022].

Allen, K. (2018). 3XN Unveils Sloping Design for Sydney Fish Market.

Available at: h ps://www.archdaily.com/905316/3xn-unveils-slopingdesign-for-sydney-fish-market [Accessed 6 October 2022].

Ambarwa , T., Wunas, S., & Arifin, M. (2019). Arahan Pengembangan Iden tas Kawasan Permukaan Pesisir sebagai Pembentuk Citra Kawasan. Available at: h p://digilib.unhas.ac.id/uploaded_files/temporary/DigitalCollec on/ ZjFjYmM3YTUzMzMzZWFjNDQxYzcxNmFjNzc5YWUyMzgxODAyOTYyM w==.pdf [Accessed 7 September 2022].

Antariksa. (2009). Kearifan Lokal dalam Arsitektur Perkotaan dan Lingkungan Binaan. Available at: h ps://www.researchgate.net/publica on/322202956_Kearifan_Lokal _dalam_Arsitektur_Perkotaan_dan_Lingkungan_Binaan [Accessed 17 September 2022].

Anwar, H., & Nugraha, H. A. (2013). Rumah Etnik Sunda. Jakarta: Griya Kreasi.

Archdaily. (2021). Waterfront Tavern / H&E Architects. Available at: h ps://www.archdaily.com/987967/waterfront-tavern-h-and-earchitects [Accessed 6 October 2022].

Badan Pusat Sta s k. (2013). Pengelola Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI).

Available at: h ps://sirusa.bps.go.id/sirusa/index.php/variabel/3531 [Accessed 29 September 2022].

Chiara, J. D., & Callender, J. H. (1983). Time-Saver Standards for Building Types. Singapore: Singapore Na onal Printers Ltd. CNN. (2021). Sehari Menjadi Produsen Ikan Asin Muara Angke. Available at: h ps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tl1nCo3_LzU [Accessed 2 October 2022].

Dayat, Local Fish Seller. Personal communica on. (16 August 2022).

Fadilah, A. N. (2022). Mengenal Ritual Hajat Laut Syukuran Bagi Nelayan di Pangandaran, Filosofi dan Perkembangannya. Available at: h p s : / / w w w. d a i l y p a n ga n d a ra n . c o m / ra ga m / p r5564115431/mengenal-ritual-hajat-laut-syukuran-bagi-nelayan-dipangandaran-filosofi-dan-perkembangannya?page=3 [Accessed 14 September 2022].

142

Furuto, A. (2012). Fishing Boat Harbor and 'River' of Liopetri / Various Architects. Available at: h ps://www.archdaily.com/267482/fishingboat-harbor-and-river-of-liopetri-various-architects [Accessed 15 September 2022].

Julyan , N. I. (2021). Determinan Pendapatan Nelayan Tangkap Di Kabupaten Pangandaran (Studi Kasus Nelayan Kecamatan Pangandaran). Available at: h ps://dspace.uii.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/31686/1731310 9%20Ninda%20Ika%20Julyan .pdf?sequence=1 [Accessed 12 September 2022].

Meliono, I. (2011). Understanding the Nusantara Thought and Local Wisdom as an Aspect of the Indonesian Educa on. Available at: h ps://journals.mindamas.com/index.php/tawarikh/ar cle/view/392/ 390 [Accessed 17 September 2022].

Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia.

(2012). Ministerial Regula on of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia No. PER.08/MEN/2012 Ar cle 3. Available at: h ps://jdih.kkp.go.id/peraturan/per-08-men-2012.pdf [Accessed 29 September 2022].

Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia.

(2014). Port Facili es. Available at: h ps://kkp.go.id/djpt/ppnkarangantu/page/1419-fasilitas-pelabuhan [Accessed 26 August 2022].

Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia.

(2021). Director General's Regula on on Strengthening the Compe veness of Marine and Fisheries Products No. 25 of 2021 concerning Guidelines for Building Ice Plants in 2022. Available at: h p s : / / k k p . g o . i d / a n - c o m p o n e n t / m e d i a / u p l o a d - ga m b a rpendukung/A_PDS2/Tahun%202022/Juknis%202022/PER%2025%20te ntang%20juknis%20pabrik%20es%202022.%20oten.pdf [Accessed 3 October 2022].

Ministry of Public Works and Housing of the Republic of Indonesia.

(2021). PUPR Bangun Prasarana Pengendali Banjir Muara Sungai Cikidang untuk Atasi Banjir. Available at: h ps://simantu.pu.go.id/content/?id=3178 [Accessed 6 October 2022].

Ministry of Transporta on of the Republic of Indonesia. (2022). Services.

Available at: h p://dephub.go.id/org/disnavtanjungpinang/layanan [Accessed 3 October 2022].

Muniruddin. (2002). Perencanaan dan Perancangan Ulang Fasilitas Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan di Muncar Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur.

Available at: h ps://dspace.uii.ac.id/handle/123456789/20136 [Accessed 14 September 2022].

My Pangandaran News. (2022). Syukuran Nelayan Pangandaran, Tradisi Turun Temurun dari Leluhur. Available at: h ps://news.mypangandaran.com/berita/read/budaya/2700/syukuran -nelayan-pangandaran-tradisi-turun-temurun-dari-leluhur [Accessed 27 August 2022].

My Pangandaran. (2017). Desa wisata nelayan Babakan. Available at: h ps://www.mypangandaran.com/wisata/desa-wisata-nelayanbabakan [Accessed 14 September 2022].

Neufert, E. (1996). Data Arsitek Jilid 1 Edisi ke-33 [Architects' Data Volume 1, 33rd Edi on]. Jakarta: Erlangga.

Neufert, E. (2002). Data Arsitek Jilid 2, Edisi ke-33 [Architects' Data Volume 2, 33rd Edi on]. Jakarta: Erlangga.

Nuzir, F. A., et al. (2019). Antologi Kota Indonesia (p. 69). Jakarta: OMAH Library.

Government of Pangandaran Regency. (2018). Rencana Strategis (RenStra) Perangkat Daerah Tahun 2017-2021 Perubahan. Available at: h ps://appback.pangandarankab.go.id/public/images/opd/informasip ublik/08092019144021.pdf [Accessed 12 September 2022].

Government of Pangandaran Regency. (2018). Laporan Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah. Available at: h ps://appback.pangandarankab.go.id/public/images/opd/informasip ublik/08092019150751.pdf [Accessed 12 September 2022].

Peraturan Daerah (PERDA) Kabupaten Pangandaran. (2018). Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kabupaten Pangandaran Tahun 2018-2038.

Available at: h ps://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/142909/perdakab-pangandaran-no-3-tahun-2018 [Accessed 27 August 2022].

Picard, M. (2006). Bali: pariwisata budaya dan budaya pariwisata.

Jakarta: KPG. Available at: h ps://books.google.co.id/books?hl=id&lr=&id=uwPuIPTuqNMC&oi=f nd&pg=PA5&dq=pariwisata+adalah&ots=SLaI2vC2uN&sig=GOQexASn G 9 n 0 qCQr5ugzsioxw0&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=pariwisata%20adalah&f =false [Accessed 7 September 2022].

Piutan , R., S.T. (2015). Pemaknaan Kembali Kearifan Lokal dalam Arsitektur (Keterkaitan Manusia, Budaya, dan Alam Nusantara).

Available at: h p://digilib.mercubuana.ac.id/manager/t!@file_ar kel_abstrak/Isi_A r kel_932519883212.pdf [Accessed 17 September 2022].

Pusat Informasi Pelabuhan Perikanan. (2013). Profil Pelabuhan. Available at: h ps://pipp.djpt.kkp.go.id/profil_pelabuhan/2425/informasi [Accessed 27 August 2022].

Putri, V. K. M. (2021). Deskripsi Pekerjaan sebagai Nelayan. Available at: h ps://www.kompas.com/skola/read/2021/10/06/130000469/deskrip si-pekerjaan-sebagai-nelayan [Accessed 15 September 2022].

Rosni. (2017). Analisis Tingkat Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Nelayan di Desa Dahari Selebar Kecamatan Talawi Kabupaten Batubara. Available at:h ps://jurnal.unimed.ac.id/2012/index.php/geo/ar cle/viewFile/60 38/5367 [Accessed 29 August 2022].

Rusli, R. B. (2020). Analisis Pengelolaan dan Pemanfaatan Air Bersih di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Nizam Zachman Jakarta (PPSNZJ).

Available at: h ps://repository.polipangkep.ac.id/uploaded_files/temporary/Digital Collec on/NDUyYzhmMWY3ZDJkMzM3Yzg0MGYwZWUxZWFkOGJkMz lhMzI5ZjRmMg==.pdf [Accessed 3 October 2022].

Sandra, A. (2021). Pemanfaatan Cold Storage. Available at: h ps://kkp.go.id/djpt/ppnkwandang/ar kel/26458-pemanfaatan-coldstorage [Accessed 29 September 2022].

Scior no, J. A. (1995). Construc on and Maintenance of Ar sanal Fishing Harbours and Village Landings. Available at: h ps://www.fao.org/3/v5270e/v5270e03.htm#c [Accessed 20 October 2022].

Singkawijaya, E. B., & Hilman, I. (2021). Ak fitas Keruangan Ekonomi Masyarakat Nelayan di Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan (PPI) Cikidang Pangandaran. Available at: h ps://jurnal.unsil.ac.id/index.php/geoduca on/ar cle/viewFile/4185 /1957 [Accessed 8 September 2022].

Stefani, Local Resident. Personal communica on. (24 August 2022).

143

UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMME IN ARCHITECTURE Berdasarkan SK BAN-PT No: 3523/SK/BAN-PT/Akred-ltnl/S/VI/2020 No: 3522/SK/BAN-PT/Akred-ltnl/PP/VI/2020