Rural Electric Nebraskan

October 2013

Producing Efficiency Farmers reap energy savings with audits and upgrades

ST YLES HAVE CHANGED OVER THE YE ARS. But our mission and commitment haven’t.

Since Thomas Edison first invented the light bulb, the countless ways we depend on electricity have revolutionized how we work, play and live. Tri-State has maintained a focus on its not-for-profit mission to deliver reliable, affordable and responsible power to our member electric cooperatives while keeping pace with generation and transmission technology advancements—all to provide the best possible value to rural electric consumers. Learn more about where we’re headed at tristate.coop.

Tri-State Generation and Transmission Association • P.O. Box 33695 • Denver, CO 80233 Wholesale power supplier to 44 electric cooperatives in Colorado, New Mexico, Nebraska and Wyoming.

Volume 67, Number 10, October 2013

“The Rural Voice of Nebraska”

Staff Editor Wayne Price Editorial Assistant Kathy Barkmeier

Published by the Visit us at www.nrea.org General Manager Troy Bredenkamp President Gary Dill, Roosevelt Public Power District Vice President/Secretary Randy Papenhausen, Cedar-Knox Public Power District Treasurer Ron Jensen, Loup Valleys Rural Public Power District Published monthly by the Nebraska Rural Electric Association, 1244 K Street, Box 82048, Lincoln, Nebraska 68501, (402) 475-4988.

Advertising in the Rural Electric Nebraskan does not imply endorsement for products by the Nebraska Rural Electric Association. Correspondence should be sent to Wayne Price, Editor, Rural Electric Nebraskan, Box 82048, Lincoln, NE 68501.

The Rural Electric Nebraskan is printed by Quad Graphics, 660 Mayhew Lake Rd. NE, St. Cloud, MN 56304. Form 3579 should be sent to the Rural Electric Nebraskan, Box 82048, Lincoln, NE 68501.

Periodicals postage paid at Lincoln, Neb. POSTMASTER: send address changes to the Rural Electric Nebraskan, 1244 K Street, Box 82048, Lincoln, NE 68501.

Publication numbers are USPS 071-630 and ISSN 0193-4937.

Rates: $10 for one year; $15 for two years; $20 for three years, plus local and state tax.

October 2013

Contents Features

Producing Efficiency

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An energy audit of a farm’s facilities can find improvements that will save energy and money. These improvments include installing a premium efficiency electric motor on an existing irrigation pump or upgrading lighting fixtures. Recommendations range from low- or no-cost fixes to projects that require more time and investment.

Grain Danger

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The U.S. Department of Labor’s Occupational Safety and Health Administration is working with the grain and agricultural industries and the agricultural community to educate employers and workers about the hazards of the grain and feed industry. Working around grain bins creates hazards that are often overlooked by even the most seasoned farm hands.

Departments EDITOR’S PAGE

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SAFETY BRIEFS — Murphy

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CUT YOUR UTILITY BILLS by James Dulley

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RECIPES

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ADULT PEN PALS

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MARKETPLACE/CLASSIFIEDS

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On the cover Pumpkins are grown for a variety of reasons ranging from agricultural purposes (such as animal feed) to commercial and ornamental sales. Photograph by Wayne Price.

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EDITOR’S PAGE

Celebrate the importance of Public Power ould you imagine going an entire day without the use of electricity? Have you ever tried it? In the span of about 100 years we have seen electricity evolve from a big city luxury to a nationwide necessity. It keeps us safe and comfortable, and it connects us to our friends and family.

We take electricity for granted in Nebraska and the entire United States for that matter.

The folks who can remember what it was like before their family had electricity are becoming fewer every year. It is easy to forget how dependent we have become on electricity in our everyday lives. We flip the switch and automatically expect our homes and offices to be filled with light.

It doesn’t hurt to be reminded occasionally about the importance of electricity, as well as the central role public power has in helping local businesses thrive, and the contributions it makes to our towns, our state and the nation.

We encourage our readers to take part in a week-long national celebration called Public Power Week, sponsored by the American Public Power Association in Washington, D.C. This year’s Public Power Week is October 6th through 12th.

Public Power Week honors the nation’s more than 2,000 not-for-profit, communityowned electric utilities, like those that serve your homes, ranches and businesses.

Public Power serves the interests of the community. The not-for-profit rates hold down household and business costs, and Nebraska has some of the lowest electric rates in the country. Lower electricity rates attract and keep businesses that provide jobs for our citizens. They are also good for our household budgets.

When it comes to service, you know your electric provider is just down the street or a phone call away if you have problems. And you know their track record of keeping the power on and restoring it immediately in the case of weather-related outages, such as blizzards and tornadoes.

Nebraskans have several reasons to celebrate Public Power Week. Our state is the only one in the nation that is totally served by public power. Other states have investor-

C

by Wayne Price

Check us out online.

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owned utilities that are in the business to make money. Electric utilities in Nebraska are in business to provide affordable, reliable and safe electricity.

Nebraska has it’s heritage to celebrate when it comes to public power. In 1936 Nebraska Senator George Norris worked to get the Rural Electrification Act passed. He believed that public power represented a way to ensure that every citizen was provided with reliable service at a reasonable price.

Nebraska’s rural electric utilities are dedicated to energy efficiency, too. Public Power Week is a good time to look at your local electric utility’s low- or no-cost programs designed to help reduce energy consumption and save you money. The programs help consumers gain control over their energy use.

Many offer free energy audits to help homeowners identify problem areas and potential high energy use culprits. These include improper insulation, old leaky windows and inefficient heating and cooling systems. Some utilities also offer rebate programs that reward homeowners for installing high efficiency heat pumps and water heaters.

Replacing an old, propane furnace with a high-efficiency electric heat pump will save hundreds of dollars on heating and cooling each year.

Budget billing and automatic bank withdrawal are also available at many utilities.

These programs help customers manage their energy dollars each month.

Debates are taking place across the country about the number of new power plants and transmission lines needed to provide power to our expanding population and economy.

These debates include questions about costs and environmental considerations for building different kinds of power plants and looking at new types of technology.

In Nebraska we create electricity from a number of sources, including coal, nuclear, hydro-power and wind. The energy efficiency programs offered by local electric utilities help reduce the need for additional power plants to be built in the future.

Take a minute to call your electric utility and tell them “thank you” for working to keep rates low and your power on.

Rural Electric Nebraskan

Producing Efficiency Farmers reap energy savings with audits and upgrades

by Magen Howard

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arms are an integral part of the American and global economy—each of our country’s agricultural producers feeds about 155 people worldwide. To maintain that level of production in the face of rising costs for fuel, fertilizer, seed, and equipment, farmers across Nebraska are seeking ways to make operations more energy efficient.

Energy audits Energy audits are an excellent way to get started, points out Brian Sloboda. He’s the senior program manager specializing in energy efficiency for the Cooperative Research Network, the research and development arm of the Arlington, Va.-based National Rural Electric Cooperative Association, which represents the nation’s 900-plus consumer-owned, not-for-profit public power districts and electric cooperatives.

“An audit offers a methodical approach to energy efficiency,” shares Sloboda. “A professional evaluates a

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farm’s facilities and recommends improvements that will save energy and money. Recommendations could range from low- or no-cost fixes to projects requiring more time and investment.”

When embarking on a farm energy audit, check with your local electric utility first, Sloboda suggests. Your county’s Cooperative Extension office through the University of Nebraska– Lincoln may also keep a list of energy auditors or organizations that provide audits. The rural public power districts and electric cooperatives served by Nebraska Public Power District offer incentives for energy saving projects through the EnergyWise programs. One of the programs currently available is the Irrigation Pump Efficiency Program. Contact your local public electric power provider for more information.

If you prefer to conduct an audit by yourself, the Cooperative Extension System and other non-profit organizations often provide free materials

to help you spot ways to save. For example, Penn State University’s Cooperative Extension, via the College of Agricultural Sciences, posts information online about how to manage electricity demand, the top 10 ways to improve energy efficiency on a dairy farm, and efficient farm lighting.

The Minnesota Project, a nonprofit organization based in St. Paul that’s dedicated to the sustainable production and equitable distribution of energy and food in the North Star State, has a guide for farmers interested in energy efficiency. See the guide at www.mnproject.org/eEE_FarmEnergyEfficiency.html.

Suggested upgrades Farmers ready for an efficiency upgrade should conduct research and be cautious when it comes to new technology, Sloboda advises.

“Be aware that studies reporting results of an LED’s performance are for that specific model number

Rural Electric Nebraskan

only—not successive model numbers of that lamp. It can be confusing.

Thorough research is a must.”

Negotiating for a free trial of a product is also worth a shot. “A salesman who stands by his or her product should be willing to give you a free six-month trial,” Sloboda suggests. “At the end of six months, if you’re not satisfied or the product doesn’t work for you, package it up and send it back.”

While energy efficiency improvements depend on the type of farm and climate, a few general rules apply to most farms. CRN and its Colorado-based research partner, E Source, compiled the following tips.

Low-cost options Turning down or completely shutting off lights and “energy hogs” like window air-conditioners is the lowestcost energy efficiency solution that farmers—or any home- or business owner—can try. Photo- and motion sensors, timers, or programmable thermostats help.

Regular cleaning and maintenance can prevent future problems and keep equipment like fans, light fixtures, and belts running at top efficiency. Tune-ups on seasonal items, including irrigation equipment, well pumps, and crop-drying systems, at the start and end of each use cycle keeps parts running properly (and efficiently).

price tag. Keep in mind that some motors draw a larger start-up current, so make sure your electrical system can handle the new motor before you buy.

Ron Rose, an Energy Efficiency Consultant at Nebraska Public Power District, warns don’t expect energy saving from installing a premium efficiency electric motor on an existing irrigation pump. A new or rebuilt pump needs to be matched to the slightly increased speed of a high efficiency electric motor. In-field experience has demonstrated relatively little, in any, savings without other efficiency improvements to the system.

Variable speed pumps also provide energy savings if there is a variability of certain conditions associated with the irrigation system. The more variability the more energy saving opportunities there are available.

These include changes in pressure, flow, pumping water level, and field elevations.

Lighting is another area to target.

Switching from traditional lighting systems to LEDs cuts down both on energy use and maintenance costs.

LEDs can provide more directed lighting; so less light is wasted. They are 80 percent more efficient than traditional incandescents and more durable than compact fluorescent lamps. Farms are harsh environments for lighting; some LED models are resistant to water and gaseous emissions. As with premium-efficiency motors for irrigation pumps, LEDs require a larger investment initially, but they recoup costs by needing fewer replacements and using less electricity.

More resources To get started, call your local electric utility and ask about farm efficiency programs. The U.S. Department of Agriculture hosts an online portal for a variety of farm efficiency resources, from calculators that can help save energy, fuel, or fossil-fuel-based fertilizers to specialized publications.

Visit http://afsic.nal.usda.gov/farmenergy-options/farm-energy-efficiency.

Sources: Cooperative Research Network, E Source, Penn State University Cooperative Extension, the Minnesota Project, USDA

Bigger investments Irrigation consumes a great amount of electricity; pumping water can account for up to 30 percent of a farm’s total energy use. Watering crops costs farmers $2.6 billion in every year. Rebuilding existing pump motors will increase efficiency, but consider upgrading to a premium-efficiency model if the cost to rebuild is more than 65 percent of the replacement cost. This entails a larger upfront investment, but a new premium-efficiency motor may drive a faster payback due to energy savings and longer lifespan. The cost of electricity to operate an old, inefficient motor far exceeds its original

October 2013

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Farm lighting systems advance with LEDs

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ne of the biggest developments in lighting our homes, businesses, and streets involves the use of light emitting-diode (LED) technology. LEDs convert electricity directly into bright, white light far more efficiently than other lighting options, and farmers are taking notice.

Farms pose unique challenges for lighting. Harsh environments—excessive dirt, dust, heat, humidity, and ammonia emissions—impact lightbulb performance. To date, conventional light sources have not been able to successfully address these challenges.

LEDs may offer a robust, environmentally sustainable, and potentially longer-lasting solution. Even better, since light from LEDs can be manipulated, the technology may be able to improve production.

Hundreds of LED fixtures being tested at roughly 50 farms across rural America—several of which in-

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volve or are led by electric cooperatives—save on energy and maintenance costs. Savings are highest when lights operate as long as manufacturers’ claims. With a rated life of 35,000 to 50,000 hours, LEDs can last up to 33 times longer than traditional incandescent bulbs, four to eight times longer than linear fluorescent bulbs and compact fluorescent lamps, and more than twice the time of high-intensity discharge lamps.

LEDs are more expensive than traditional lighting, but the U.S. Department of Energy reports a price drop of 54 percent over the last two years.

LEDs offer farmers several attractive attributes, including: • Rugged and vibration-resistant construction • Directional lighting results in less wasted light • Customizable colors (for example, blue light for calming) • Dimmable capabilities and integration with lighting controls pro-

grammed for maximum production • No mercury content or waste disposal costs • Water- and ammonia-resistant lamps can be hosed or foam-cleaned without fixture damage While assessment continues, many claims about LED farm performance are anecdotal, not yet backed by statistically sound science. Preliminary results imply promising and significant energy savings and hint at production boosts.

Farmers can remain cautiously optimistic that research and LED companies will be able to create lighting that is cost effective, long-lasting, and has a positive impact on animal health and well-being.

Learn more about farm and home lighting options at energy.gov/lighting. Want more ways to save on the farm? Use the animal housing, irrigation, nitrogen, tillage, and grain drying energy calculators at EnergyTools.sc.egov.usda.gov.

Rural Electric Nebraskan

he number of LED lamps and fixtures installed in the United States have increased tenfold over the last two years—from 4.5 million units in 2010 to 49 million units in 2012. These installations, which include indoor and outdoor applications such as recessed lighting and streetlights, are expected to save about $675 million in annual energy costs.

During the same period, the cost of an LED replacement bulb has fallen by about 54 percent. Switching entirely to LED lights over the next two decades could save the United States $250 billion in energy costs and reduce electricity consumption for lighting by nearly 50 percent.

By 2030, LED lighting is projected to represent about 75 percent of all lighting sales, saving enough energy to power approximately 26 million U.S. households.

Source: U.S. Department of Energy

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Shining a light on LEDs

Take the chill out of winter bills

by Amber Bentley

Between holiday houseguests and shorter, colder days, electric bills tend to climb in the winter. Read on for ways to save energy when the temperature drops.

Lower your thermostat to 68 degrees (or lower): If you decrease the temperature by just one degree, you can save up to 5 percent on heating costs. Consider a programmable thermostat that you can set to lower the temperature when away from home and increase before you come back.

Adjust blinds and curtains: Keep them open to let in sunlight during the day, and close at night to keep heat inside and protect from drafts.

Reduce hot water temperatures: Heating water accounts for 12 percent of the average home’s energy

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use. Set your water heater’s thermostat to 120 degrees or lower—that’s usually sufficient for a household’s hot-water needs. Also, if you’ve had your water heater for more than 12 years, you might want to consider replacing it with a more energy-efficient model.

Seal and insulate: This is the best way to keep heat in and air out.

Areas that may need sealing include corners, cracks, door frames, and windows.

Consider replacing old appliances, doors, and windows with ENERGY STAR-rated models: You can save about 15 percent of your normal energy use with these appliances and get better insulation on doors and windows for the price you pay. ENERGY STAR-rated items meet special efficiency standards set by the federal government.

Free your vents: HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) sys-

tems will have to work twice as hard if vents are blocked by rugs, furniture, or doors. Keep vents clear for proper air flow.

Keep food cool: Don’t make your fridge work too hard. A temperature set between 34 and 37 degrees Fahrenheit is usually sufficient.

A special holiday tip: Use LED lights to decorate. They’re up to 75 percent more energy efficient than traditional incandescent lights and last much longer—but check for an ENERGY-STAR rating before you buy. Cheaper LEDs tend not to last as long or be as durable.

Amber Bentley writes on consumer and cooperative affairs for the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association, the Arlington, Va.-based service arm of the nation’s 900-plus consumerowned, not-for-profit public power districts and electric cooperatives.

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Unlike traditional bathtubs, this Walk-In Tub features a leak-proof door that allows you to simply step into the tub rather than stepping precariously over the side. It features a state-of-the-art acrylic surface, a raised seat, and the controls are within easy reach. No other Walk-In Tub features the patented JacuzziÂŽ PointProÂŽ jet system. These high-volume, low-pressure pumps feature a perfectly balanced water to air ratio to massage thoroughly yet gently.

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Grain Danger Grain industry hazards lead to deaths, injuries each year

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ive seconds. That is how quickly a worker can become engulfed in flowing grain and be unable to get out.

Sixty seconds. That is how quickly a worker can be completely submerged in flowing grain. More than half of all grain engulfments result in death by suffocation.

In 2010, at least 26 U.S. workers were killed in grain engulfments, the highest number on record.

In the past 50 years, more than 900 cases of grain engulfment have been reported with a fatality rate of 62 percent, according to researchers at Purdue University in Indiana.

Record death and injuries in 2010, led the U.S. Department of Labor’s Occupational Safety and Health Administration to reach out to agricultural and grain handling industries to find ways to prevent deaths and injuries. OSHA also developed a Local Emphasis Program for Grain Handling Facilities focusing on the grain and feed industry’s six major hazards. These include engulfment, falls, auger entanglement, “struck by,” combustible dust explosions and electrocution hazards.

Since January 2012, the Omaha Area OSHA Office has conducted dozens of inspections in the grain industry, including the investigation of two tragic fatalities that occurred at grain handling facilities. One occurred in February 2012 at a flour and feed mill in Wauneta, Neb., when an employee died after being engulfed by feed pellets in a bin. The second occurred in January 2013 at a grain and field bean merchant wholesaler in Talmage when an employee was fatally injured after being struck by a truck.

“OSHA is working to change the ‘it won’t happen to me’ mindset,” said Marcia Drumm, OSHA’s acting regional administrator in Kansas City serving four Midwestern states.

“Grain handling injuries and deaths, such an engulfment and dust explosions occur quickly, and may be prevented if employers follow proper safety procedures.”

Suffocation can occur when a

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Rural Electric Nebraskan

worker becomes buried by grain as they walk on moving grain or attempt to clear grain built up on the inside of a bin. Moving grain acts like “quicksand” and can bury a worker in seconds. “Bridged” grain and vertical piles of stored grain can also collapse unexpectedly if a worker stands on or near it. The behavior and weight of the grain make it extremely difficult for a worker to get out of it without assistance.

Working around grain bins creates hazards that are often overlooked by even the most seasoned farm hands.

Always keep these safety tips in mind: Suffocation/engulfment Entrapment can happen in a second when dealing with grain, which often is compared to quick sand. This is leading cause of death in storage bins.

• Do not enter grain bins during active loading and unloading times • Never work alone • Make sure to wear proper safety equipment Fires/explosions When grain dust accumulates, it can sometimes create the right conditions to spark a fire. These fires are difficult to stop and usually end with a large explosion.

• Be sure your ventilation system is working properly • Clean regularly to keep grain dust accumulations to a minimum • Do not smoke or ignite any other open flames while in the grain bin Toxic atmospheres Mold, fungi, and chemical fumes from decayed grains can create a deadly atmosphere.

• Store fully dried grain at the proper moisture • Wear a mask or filter respirator to limit the amount of direct contact to the fumes • Try to keep animal and insect infestations to a minimum Machine malfunctions Machines also pose deadly risks,

October 2013

The grain industry is packed with dangerous places to work, but proper precautions can help keep everyone safe. Photographs provided by USDA including amputation, entanglement, and electrocution.

• Do not operate these machines while inside the bins • Ensure that all equipment is properly guarded • Be on the lookout for overhead power lines • Check for frayed cables • Always wear safety belts or some form of protection

OSHA is working with the Nebraska Grain & Feed Association, Grain Elevator and Processing Society, Association of Nebraska Ethanol

Producers chapters as well as the Ag Coop Safety Directors of Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperative Council and Future Farmers of America to get the word out on prevention.

“OSHA is working with the grain and agricultural industries and the agricultural community to educate employers and workers about the six major hazards of the grain and feed industry,” said Drumm. “Through training, decals, brochures, websites, and other means of information communication, we will continue to work to improve awareness of these hazards and the safety and health of workers on Nebraska farms and in grain handling facilities. We are committed to preventing the injuries and deaths that have been too frequent in the industry in recent years.”

OSHA, the Grain and Feed Association of Illinois and the Illinois Grain Handling Safety Coalition have also developed a stop sign decal to adhere to grain bin doors using pictures and short phrases reminding entrants to lockout potentially hazardous equipment, stay clear of waist high grain, cover floor holes and to follow other best practices.

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Weigh the pros and cons of solar hot water olar hot water systems are a time-tested and efficient method of harnessing the sun’s rays and saving on energy costs.

Solar hot water systems are relatively simple: The sun shines on a dark-colored tank or collector and heats the water inside. They must be matched to a heating load—how much hot water is needed for the size of your home and its number of occupants.

The most common use, as the name implies, is to preheat domestic water—what goes to sinks and showers. Larger, much more complex systems can also supply hot water for a whole house, including washing clothes and dishes. These can also be a good option if you need to heat water for a swimming pool.

Heating domestic water typically accounts for about 20 percent of a household’s energy bill, or $100 to $300 per year. But a well-designed solar water heating system can nearly eliminate that energy use.

A basic model costs anywhere from $4,000 to $8,000, with a payback of 10 to 20 years for most consumers. However, federal and state tax incentives can shorten that period significantly— check the Database of State Incentives for Renewables and Efficiency for your state (www.dsireusa.org).

There are two main choices when shopping for a solar hot water system:

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Active versus passive. Active systems feature circulating pumps and controls that move water. Passive systems simply use pressure of the water system within the house to move water.

Direct vs. indirect. Direct (or “open loop”) systems circulate household water through solar collectors and into the home. Direct systems can be used only in mild climates that do not experience freezing conditions. Indirect (“closed loop”) systems circulate an antifreeze solution through the collectors to a heat exchanger, where the potable water absorbs the heat. They can also be designed so the water retreats back into the house at night. Indirect systems can be used in any climate.

One challenge is what to do with excess heat at the solar panel when there is no hot water demand—for example, in the summer if you go on vacation for an extended time.

Drainback systems, if properly designed, can solve this problem, but other options include a “dummy load” to dump excess heat, night discharge controls, high-pressure operation to prevent boiling in the panel, and oversized expansion tanks that can handle the volume change when the fluid in the panel actually does boil. Local contractors can assist in choosing a setup that best addresses these issues.

Economics of solar hot water depend on several things, such as the cost of the fuel that the system replaces, when and how much hot water is used, incoming water temperature, and how much sunlight your area receives. The U.S. Department of Energy provides an online tool to estimate the initial costs and payback period for a solar hot water system—read more at energy.gov/energysaver/articles/solarwater-heaters.

You may want to consider the pros and cons of solar hot water versus deploying solar photovoltaic (PV) panels.

Until recently, solar hot water was the more cost-effective option, but decreasing PV prices and economic and tax incentives have re-energized the debate between the two technologies.

The decision depends on local factors including hot water demand and climate.

For a family of four, solar hot water typically is the logical choice. However, electricity generated from PV panels can power your whole house and pump power back into the grid when not needed on site. Before investing in a PV or any other type of “backyard” renewable energy system, contact your local electric cooperative to discuss interconnection costs and other issues associated with it.

Source: Cooperative Research Network

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I

BEFORE: • Communicate. Talk with your family about who to call, where to go, and what to do if disaster strikes.

• Educate. Plan different strategies on what to do for different situations. Map out a fire escape route from all areas of your home, and establish a safe place to go during threatening weather. Make sure all family members know their full names, address, and phone numbers.

Agree on an out-of-town relative or friend to call if everyone gets separated during a disaster, and have an ICE (In Case of Emergency) contact in your cell phone that first responders can call if needed.

• Prepare. Set up warning systems in your home—fire detectors and carbon monoxide alarms give advance notice that can save lives. Use a battery-operated weather radio for advance storm warnings, and subscribe to your local Office of Emer-

16

Management gency alerts by text or email if available. Keep an emergency kit handy that contains five days worth of non-perishable food and water, first aid supplies, a list of phone numbers (including your e l e c t r i c provider and other utilities’ outage numbers), medicines, and cleaning supplies.

Also, plan for pets or any special needs for family members. Receive alerts of Then practice dangerous weather your emer- 24-hours-a-day with gency plans. the HH50 from Midland.

Photograph DURING: provided by Midland • Keep Radio Corporation calm: Think clearly and follow your plan. Use the resources you prepared in case of

emergencies.

• Emergency phone: Keep a corded landline phone handy in case of emergency. If cell phone batteries die, there’s no way to charge them during a power outage. A landline phone will still work without electricity and become your link to the outside world.

AFTER: • Be patient: Wait for all danger to pass. Never re-enter an evacuated area without permission to do so, and remember to use caution when you do go back into your home—you can’t always see danger, such as a ruptured gas line.

• Avoid delayed danger: Do not approach downed wires or power lines, and watch for rising waters. Keep standby generators in well-ventilated areas—never run a generator indoors, even in a garage.

With a little planning, the worst can be avoided during disasters. Visit redcross.org or ready.gov for more disaster planning ideas. Taking the time to be prepared is worth the effort now in case of emergency later.

Sources: Underwriters Laboratories, American Red Cross

Rural Electric Nebraskan

Routine dryer maintenance can save you money…and your life

Attention All Farm Wives, Country Gals, Agribusiness Women!

$

AG-CEPTIONAL WOMEN’S CONFERENCE

hen it comes to clothing, the focus tends to be on functionality, comfort, or fashion. Yet, washing and drying our clothes has become part of our regular routines. Other than dreading the task, most of us don’t give much of a second-thought to the machines that help us get the job done—even though giving them some occasional maintenance could save us money… or possibly even our lives.

Additional ways to save money include filling your dryer—but not packing it too full and placing your dryer in a heated space. Also periodically check the outside dryer exhaust vent. If it does not close tightly, replace it with one that does to keep the outside air from leaking in.

Source: SafeElectricity.org

W

FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 22 at the Lifelong Learning Center Northeast Community College 601 E. Benjamin Ave. • Norfolk, Nebraska Hosted by:

Cost: $35 (Advance registration is going on now!)

Full Schedule & Registration information is available at northeast.edu/Agceptional

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CUT YOUR UTILITY BILLS

Gadgets can help save on water, energy use

by James Dulley

my energy and water bills Q :areBothincreasing, so I plan to install low-flow showerheads. I tried them before, but my family didn’t like them. Are they any better now, and how do I pick a good one? : Bathing uses a lot of water a

A month for most families, and hot

water drives costs up. Low-flow showerheads can help cut down on both.

For many years now, all showerheads sold in the United States have been limited to a maximum water flow rate of 2.5 gallons per minute (gpm) at a water pressure of 80 pounds per square inch (psi), as mandated by federal energy efficiency standards. Some older showerheads may use as much as 5 gpm without even providing an adequate, forceful water flow.

Many of the new low-flow showerheads provide good water flow using even less than 2.5 gpm. I must have tested more than a dozen low-flow showerheads this year alone, and I found there are significant differences in showerhead sprays for ones with identical flow rates. The most efficient ones are as low as 1.5 gpm, and the savings in water and energy use can pay back their cost in just a few months.

Keep in mind that whether you like a specific shower spray pattern and force is a personal matter.

There are a number of factors that determine how much water and energy will be saved. Water savings is affected directly by the gpm rating for the showerhead, while energy savings is determined by both the gpm rating and how much hot water has to be mixed with cold water for a comfortable shower.

18

The type of spray pattern has an affect on how warm the water feels on your skin. Showerheads that create larger water droplets feel warmer because large droplets have a lower percentage of surface area, so they cool down less before they reach your body.

The low-flow shower spray swirls to create the sense of much more water flow on your skin. Photograph provided by Delta Faucet Some needle-type, low-flow showerheads create tiny water droplets.

These might lose more heat as they move through the air. If this happens, people tend to set the faucet handle to a greater percentage of hot water and may actually end up using more hot water—and more electricity—than before. Some showerheads

also add air to the spray for more force, but this might also cool the water spray.

It’s easy to distinguish a narrow needle-spray design because they are usually small. For a fuller spray, look for ones with many holes across a larger face. Some might appear to have a large face with many spray holes. If they have adjustable patterns, not all the holes are used simultaneously so they may actually create a needle spray if you desire that at times.

A handheld adjustable showerhead is very effective. I use one that has four spray settings selected by rotating the head. Water flow can be directed where you want it, which can save water.

There are two inexpensive add-on devices that can help reduce water use on any showerhead. One is a tiny push/pull trickle valve (also called a lathering valve) that’s mounted between the shower arm and the showerhead. When you don’t need water, push the button to slow the water to a trickle without having to readjust the temperature at the faucet each time.

Another water-saver is a Lady Bug valve by ShowerStart (also known as Evolve Showerheads). People often turn on the hot water and walk away, waiting for the hot water to reach the shower. Gallons of hot water may be wasted down the drain until you actually get into the shower.

With the Lady Bug, when the water temperature at the showerhead reaches 95 degrees, the flow is automatically slowed to a trickle so very little hot water goes down the drain. When you’re ready to get into the shower, pull the string on the handle, and the warm shower starts flowing at full force.

Send inquiries to James Dulley, Rural Electric Nebraskan, 6906 Royalgreen Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45244 or visit www.dulley.com.

Rural Electric Nebraskan

Set your thermostat back

Y

ou can save energy in the winter by setting the thermostat to 68째F while you are awake and setting it lower while you sleep or are away from home. By turning your thermostat back 10째 to 15째 for 8 hours, you can save up to 15 percent a year on your heating bill. That is a savings up to 1 percent for each degree if the setback period is at least eight hours long.

It is a common misunderstanding that heating systems work harder than normal to warm the space back to a comfortable temperature after the thermostat has been set back, which will result in little or no savings. In reality, as soon as your house drops below its normal temperature, it will lose energy to the surrounding environment less quickly. The lower your interior temperature is, the slower heat escapes through walls, floors, and ceilings. Therefore, the longer your house remains at the lower temperature, the more energy you save.

DOWNâ&#x20AC;&#x2C6;HOME

RECIPES

Lemony Zucchini Bread 4 cups flour 1 1/2 cups sugar 1 package (3.4 oz.) instant lemon pudding mix 1 1/2 teaspoon baking soda 1 teaspoon baking powder 1 teaspoon salt

4 eggs 1 1/4 cups milk 1 cup vegetable oil 3 tablespoons lemon juice 1 teaspoon lemon extract 2 cups shredded zucchini 1/4 cup poppy seeds

In large mixing bowl, combine all dry ingredients. In another bowl whisk eggs, milk, oil, lemon juice and extract. Stir into dry ingredient, just until moistened. Fold in zucchini and poppy seeds. Grease 2 loaf pans. Bake in 350 degree oven 50-55 minutes.

Jean Wilson, Linwood, Nebraska

Frito Corn Salad

Szechuan Turkey Chili 1-1/2 Pounds Ground Turkey 1 Teaspoon canola oil 1/2 Cup red bell pepper, diced 1/2 Cup green bell pepper, diced 1 Cup yellow onion, diced 1 Tablespoon garlic, minced 1 Tablespoon fresh gingerroot, peeled and minced 1/2 Cup reduced-sodium soy sauce 1 (15-Ounce) can diced tomatoes 1 (15-Ounce) can kidney beans, drained and rinsed 8 Ounces tomato sauce 1/2 Teaspoon five spice powder 1 Teaspoon ground black pepper 2 Tablespoons chili powder 1 Teaspoon wasabi powder 2 Tablespoons Asian chili paste 1/2 Teaspoon salt 1 Tablespoon sesame oil Brown turkey in canola oil and drain. Reserve the liquid. In the reserved drippings, saute the peppers, onion, garlic and ginger. Do not brown. Add soy sauce, tomatoes, beans and tomato sauce. Bring to a boil, reduce heat. Return cooked turkey to the stockpot. Stir in all other ingredients. Simmer for 1 hour over low heat. Serve over rice.

2 can whole kernel corn (drained) 1 cup real mayonnaise 1 cup shredded cheddar cheese 1 cup green pepper, chopped 1/2 cup red onion, chopped 1 (15 oz.) Chili Cheese Fritos Mix all ingredients together except Fritos. Let chill for a couple of hours.

Then just before serving, crush Fritos and mix into other ingredients.

Jodi Schulenberg, Scribner, Nebraska

Hot Chicken Salad 4 cups cubed chicken (or turkey) 2 cups finely, chopped celery 1/2 cup finely chopped onion 1 (2-ounce) jar pimientos, undrained 1 (8-ounce) can sliced water chestnuts, drained 1 small can sliced mushrooms, drained 1/3 cup sliced almonds

1 can (10.5 oz.) cream of chicken soup 1 cup mayonnaise 2 tablespoons lemon juice 1/2 teaspoon salt 1/4 teaspoon ground black pepper 1 cup shredded cheddar cheese 1 cup French fried onions

Mix together and spread in a greased 9 x 13 inch baking dish. Top casserole with 1 cup shredded cheddar cheese and 1 cup French fried onions.

Bake, covered, in a 350 degree oven for 30 minutes. Uncover and bake an additional 10 minutes.

Jan Singleton, Hayes Center, Nebraska

Recipe provided by the National Turkey Federation 20

Rural Electric Nebraskan

OCT - 1: SWF, 27, looking to meet a good honest guy. Enjoy the outdoors, movies, concerts, fairs, animals, grilling out, and Nebraska football. If you’re interested, please send phone number and photo appreciated.

OCT - 4: DWCF, 27, looking for a guy who is true to himself. I love family, friends and my church. Enjoy traveling, games, going out and dancing. Please send photo & phone number or just write.

OCT - 2: WF, retired, mid-60s from southern Nebraska. Looking for a nice man 65 to 75 yrs young to enjoy, and spending time with. Would love to hear from you.

OCT - 5: 61, M, from southwest Nebraska looking for NS female that likes C/W, rodeo, farming, fishing, hunting, dancing, gardening, and living in country,

OCT - 3: 48, WidWM, NS/ND like to fish, grill out with friends. Enjoy Nebraska football, hangin out, watching movies, family time, enjoy pets and working in the yard.

OCT - 6: DWM, 52, NS/ND from central Nebraska. Enjoy movies, music, dining out. Looking for warm loving gal to spend time with.

To appear in print The Rural Electric Nebraskan Adult Pen Pal Service is exclusively for member-readers ages 18 and over. To be considered for use, submissions must: (1) Identify rural electric system providing magazine; (2) Include $6 to cover mail forwarding costs; (3) Be 25 words or fewer; (4) Include full name and mailing address (will not be used in magazine); and (5) Be first person, submitted directly by person to receive responses. Acceptance, editing and issue scheduling is at editor’s discretion.

Address all submissions to Rural Electric Nebraskan Adult Pen Pal Service, P.O. Box 82048, Lincoln, NE 68501. All responses received by the Adult Pen Pal Service are routed directly, postage paid, to the response number assigned to each submission.

To write To respond to one of the adult pen pal requests, write letter, place in envelope, seal and affix first class postage. Address to full, correct response #, c/o Rural Electric Nebraskan Adult Pen Pal Service, P.O. Box 82048, Lincoln, NE 68501. Your letter will be forwarded unopened. Do not send money or additional postage; forwarding is prepaid. Enclose your full mailing address for return correspondence.

Once again . . . it is very important that all responses carry the full response number—both month and number—to be properly forwarded.

Abbreviation Code C — Christian; C/W — Country-western; D — Divorced; F — Female; M — Male; NS — Non-Smoker; ND — Non-Drinker; R&R — Rock and roll; S — Single; W — White; Wid — Widowed

October 2013

How to write an effective pen pal ad riting a personal ad requires a bit of skill and thought to be successful.

Many things that we do in life require some effort, creativity, and imagination. Composing a personal ad is no exception. Your ad should reflect who you are, honestly, and the type of person you are seeking as a pen pal.

Thinking of how to describe yourself in 25 words or less can be tricky.

It can be difficult to compose the right ad, one that really reflects both you and the type of person you seek.

Don't be afraid to enlist the help of a close friend.

To get the best results, try to present the right image. Here are a few suggestions:

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• Don’t concentrate on your appearance or the looks of your ideal pen pal.

• Making a list of your hobbies or interests, without exposing the person that you are, is another pen pal ad error.

• Figure out what makes you different from everyone else, and use it to your advantage.

• When writing your own ad, take the time to write one that expresses who you are, as an individual, your unique qualities and gifts, and what you want from a potential partner.

Keep it simple, short, honest, and sincere.

Personal ads are not for everyone, but you will never know whether or not they are for you unless you try.

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Rural Electric Nebraskan

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Learn what it takes to wage an effective and winning campaign Topics Include: Effective Fundraising Message Development Campaign Budgeting Campaign Law Media Relations

Registration Info: 402-475-4988 November 7th - Lincoln

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