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A PACIFIC HISTORIC PARKS PUBLICATION

Lei Hali`a `O Kalaupapa honors the sacrifice made by over 8,000 patients. We Remember...

SUMMER 2019

CONTENTS

SUMMER 2019

President’s Message

Ending Isolation: Perpetuating Community, Honoring Kūpuna

Heroes of Pearl Harbor: Father Aloysius Schmitt

Park Pals Adventure Camp Discovering the National Parks Through Play

The Faces of Guahån

The Legacy of Pearl Harbor Inspiring Our Youth Through Our Education Programs

Curator’s Corner: Ship Bells

Pearl Harbor Gram, Prayer for the Dead

You Make It Happen!

MEMORIAL DOCK UPDATE We appreciate your patience while the National Park Service, U.S. Navy and the private contractor work diligently to make sure that the repairs of the Memorial dock are done with care, safety and longevity in mind. NPS has projected an opening before the end of the year. MISSION STATEMENT To support the USS Arizona Memorial and other Pacific historic locations through education and interpretive programs, research, preservation, and restoration, to perpetuate the memory of events and honor the people involved in these sites. Remembrance is published four times a year as a benefit to Friends of Pacific Historic Parks. Cover photo credit: Kerri Inglis

President & CEO Aileen Utterdyke

94-1187 Ka Uka Blvd. Waipahu, HI 96797 www.pacifichistoricparks.org (808) 954-8729 Toll-free: (888) 332-1941

Board of Directors Neil A. Sheehan, Chairman Alan Mattson, Vice-Chairman Clif Purkiser, Secretary Jeff Bell, Treasurer James M. Boersema Noel W. Bragg

REMEMBERANCE SUMMER 2019

Board of Directors (cont.) Alma M. Grocki Patricia A. Lucas Edward J. Lynch Mark Y. Matsunaga Edward H. Noh Alby L. Saunders Mathew Sgan James E. VanDerKamp Kwai S. “Sunny” Young Directors Emeritus James K. Sylva Geoffrey M. White

Legal Adviser Joachim P. Cox Publication Advisers Aileen Utterdyke Jim McCoy Chandra Kim Edean Saito Sarah Walsh Layout & Design Chase Nuuhiwa

President & CEO Message

Pacific Historic Parks embraces the importance of remembering history. "Remember Pearl Harbor" was a rallying cry for our country after the December 7, 1941 attack that launched the United States into World War II. “Never Forget” was also a motto for those who made the ultimate sacrifice on that fateful day, and to the members of the greatest generation who fought for our freedom and democracy. Our non-profit supports multiple World War II sites in the Pacific. That includes Kalaupapa, the beautiful but hauntingly isolated peninsula on Molokai with a tragic past. It’s the subject for our feature story in Remembrance. June 30, 2019 marked the 50th year anniversary of the date that victims of Hansen’s disease could legally leave Kalaupapa. Once the home to some 8,000 patients who contracted what was then called leprosy, Kalaupapa was a prison that those afflicted went to die. The vast majority banished were Native Hawaiian. Father Damien’s arrival in 1873 brought hope and civility. He too contracted the disease, died, and

was elevated to Sainthood. Many people don’t know that the attack on Pearl Harbor triggered the eventual evacuation of children at nearby Kalihi Hospital to Kalaupapa. They witnessed the attack that Sunday morning in December. But because they were being treated for a disease whose cure wasn’t discovered until after the war, they were also sent to Kalaupapa. Today, only 12 patients remain. Pacific Historic Parks supports the National Park Service in its stewardship of the Kalaupapa National Historical Park. Our museum store is a popular stop for visitors who want to know more about Father Damien and Sister Marianne Cope, who came to Kalaupapa to care for the ailing Father Damien and was herself sainted. It’s also to “never forget” the thousands who were banished and died in isolation.

AILEEN UTTERDYKE

President & CEO

A copy of the latest financial report, registration filed by this organization, and a description of our programs and activities may be obtained by contacting us at: 94-1187 Ka Uka Blvd., Waipahu, HI 96797, (808) 954-8777. Pacific Historic Parks was formed in Hawaii. If you are a resident of one of the following states, you may obtain financial information directly from the state agency: Florida: A COPY OF THE OFFICIAL REGISTRATION AND FINANCIAL INFORMATION MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE DIVISION OF CONSUMER SERVICES BY CALLING TOLL-FREE, WITHIN THE STATE, 1-800-435-7352 (800-HELP-FLA), OR VISITING www.FloridaConsumerHelp.com. REGISTRATION DOES NOT IMPLY ENDORSEMENT, APPROVAL, OR RECOMMENDATION BY THE STATE. Florida Registration #CH17306 Georgia: A full and fair description of our programs and our financial statement summary is available upon request at our office and phone number indicated above. Maryland: For the cost of copies and postage, from the Office of the Secretary of State, State House, Annapolis, MD 21401. Mississippi: The official registration and financial information of Pacific Historic Parks may be obtained from the Mississippi Secretary of State's office by calling 1-888-236-6167. Registration by the Secretary of State does not imply endorsement. Nevada: Contributions may be tax deductible pursuant to the provisions of sec. 170(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, 26 U.S.C. ¤170(c). New Jersey: INFORMATION FILED WITH THE ATTORNEY GENERAL CONCERNING THIS CHARITABLE SOLICITATION AND THE PERCENTAGE OF CONTRIBUTIONS RECEIVED BY THE CHARITY DURING THE LAST REPORTING PERIOD THAT WERE DEDICATED TO THE CHARITABLE PURPOSE MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE STATE OF NEW JERSEY BY CALLING (973) 504-6215 AND IS AVAILABLE ON THE INTERNET AT www.state.nj.us/lps/ca/charfrm.htm. REGISTRATION WITH THE ATTORNEY GENERAL DOES NOT IMPLY ENDORSEMENT. New York: Upon request, from the Attorney General Charities Bureau, 120 Broadway, New York, NY 10271. North Carolina: Financial information about this organization and a copy of its license are available from the State Solicitation Licensing Branch at 1-919-814-5400. The license is not an endorsement by the state. Pennsylvania: The official registration and financial information of Pacific Historic Parks may be obtained from the Pennsylvania Department of State by calling toll-free, within Pennsylvania, 1-800-732-0999. Virginia: From the State Office of Consumer Affairs in the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Affairs, P.O. Box 1163, Richmond, VA 23218. Washington: From the Secretary of State at 1-800-332-4483 or http://www.sos.wa.gov/charities/ West Virginia: West Virginia residents may obtain a summary of the registration and financial documents from the Secretary of State, State Capitol, Charleston, WV 25305. Wisconsin: A financial statement of the charitable organization disclosing assets, liabilities, fund balances, revenue and expenses for the preceding fiscal year will be provided to any person upon request. REGISTRATION WITH A STATE AGENCY DOES NOT CONSTITUTE OR IMPLY ENDORSEMENT, APPROVAL OR RECOMMENDATION BY THAT STATE. More information about charity state disclosures and charitable solicitation registrations.

WWW.PACIFICHISTORICPARKS.ORG

ENDING ISOLATION Perpetuating Community, Honoring Kūpuna...

By Kerri A. Inglis, Ph .D., University of Hawai‘i—Hilo Kalaupapa peninsula projects out from Moloka‘i’s north shore. photo credit: Kerri A. Inglis

y the early 1900s, the disease was known throughout the islands as ma‘i ho‘oka‘awale ‘ohana (the disease that separates family). While still remembered as such, 50 years after the separation laws ended in Hawai‘i, the disease – and peninsula known for its isolation – has become a place of remembrance, respect and honor, bringing families together and perpetuating a sense of community that has always been a part of this settlement.

Kalaupapa community, c. 1905 photo credit: Photo courtesy Hawai‘i State Archives

Richard Marks on the cover of Beacon, January 1969. Marks shared his experiences with living in Kalaupapa and concerns over the perpetual stigmatization of leprosy, bringing attention to the need to end the separation policy.

REMEMBERANCE SUMMER 2019

In its first decades, even though circumstances were difficult, the leprosy settlement developed into a community of patients, their helpers, and native residents. Kama‘āina (native residents) of the peninsula provided food and shelter to the exiles, until finally they themselves were forced to leave. Mea kōkua (helpers) often accompanied their loved ones to the peninsula to assist in their care. Despite the hardships of separation from ‘ohana (family) and dealing with the ramifications of a dreaded disease, patients found a way to persevere – demonstrating their resilience by remaining connected to the lāhui (nation), by maintaining their values, and surviving as a community. In 1949, prompted by patient advocacy, the Territory of Hawai‘i officially adopted the term, “Hansen’s disease.” By that time, the disease was medically treated as any other bacterial infection, but forced separation due to decades of misunderstandings and stigma persisted. The end of forced separation was still awaited, and again, it took patient advocacy to effect change and bring about an end to the isolation policy.

In 1968, 183 patients lived in Kalaupapa; another 124 people with inactive cases had left the settlement to return to their home communities. In an effort to overcome the ignorance that still existed, patients spoke out. Appearing on the cover of Beacon: Magazine of Hawaii in February 1968, Kalaupapa patient Richard Marks stated “I am a Leper” and told the very personal story of himself and his ‘ohana. Marks expressed his frustrations with the politics of living in Kalaupapa, the restrictions on patients – including the fumigation process – and questioned the future of Kalaupapa. His deepest concern was the perpetual stigmatization of leprosy. It was time to banish the attitude, not the patients. For his candid comments, the Beacon declared Richard Marks their “Man of the Year.” Together with a committee of patients, physicians, and other leaders, efforts to inform the public and end the unneccessary law were underway, and on June 30, 1969, the separation policy officially ended. After medical advancements brought an end to the need for a life of quarantine, it was patients who brought about an end to exile, in their quest for dignity. Since that time, additional former patients have shared their experiences of life in Kalaupapa. They have spoken in public forums, visited schools, been featured in documentaries, and published their stories – all in an effort to advocate for change and educate the public. But as Olivia Breitha once shared, even though physical barriers had been removed and the isolation policy had come to an end, emotional barriers and stigma sometimes remain. In Kalaupapa today, the past, present, and future come together with hope, in the hearts and minds of those former patients who still live in the settlement, and those who serve this small but formidable community – one that begs us to honor and remember the kūpuna who have gone before us, all that they sacrificed, and to tell their stories. This year, the Kalaupapa community came together to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the end of the isolation law in a week filled with cultural events for the patients and community as a whole. Over 5700 individual tī leaf lei were donated from all islands, plus many other flower lei from Molokai and the Kalaupapa community itself, and were placed at every known gravesite on the peninsula, all in an act of remembrance.

A member of Hui Mālama Makanalua thoughtfully places lei during first Lei Hali‘i O Kalaupapa (Lei in Remembrance of Kalaupapa) June 30, 2014. photo credit: Michael Haight

Members of Hui Mālama Makanalua prepare lei for a blessing; ready to be taken and placed at every known gravesite across the pensinsula. photo credit: Kerri A. Inglis

Lei prepared from across the islands for Lei Hali‘a ‘O Kalaupapa (Lei in Remembrance of Kalaupapa) to be placed at every known gravesite on the peninsula – on one day – June 30th of each year. photo credit: Kerri A. Inglis

WWW.PACIFICHISTORICPARKS.ORG

Heroes of Pearl Harbor: Father Aloysius Schmitt By Daniel Martinez, Chief Historian at Pearl Harbor National Memorial

loysius Schmitt was born on December 4, 1909 in a small town of St. Lucas, Iowa. Even today, the town has only 138 residents. Henry and Mary Schmitt raised a large family of ten children. Growing up on a farm, Aloysius was a hard worker and a good student. He loved baseball, as a fan and as a player. He had a way with animals on the farm and his dog Biff was a constant companion. He and his brothers went to Catholic school in St. Lucas. Later in life he would study at Loras College. Graduating in 1932 with honors. It has been said that his desire to join the priesthood was something he thought about as a young man. In the early 1930s he studied in Rome and on December 8, 1935 he was ordained a Catholic priest. Later, he returned to the United States and became a parish priest in Dubuque, Iowa and Cheyenne, Wyoming. As the tensions of war erupted in Europe, the United States began to prepare for a possible war in its future. Perhaps this is what prompted Father Aloysius Schmitt to ask Bishop Beckman permission to enter the US Navy’s chaplain corps in 1939. The following year he was assigned to the USS Oklahoma. On December 7, 1941 Chaplain Schmitt had just completed the 7:00 am mass when explosions started to rock the harbor. Within minutes of that religious service, Japanese Naval Air struck the Pacific Fleet moorings at Pearl Harbor. As the ship went to “Battle Stations” it was immediately struck by successive aerial torpedoes. As the Oklahoma’s crew raced to their stations the ship began to heavily list to port. Those who survived observed the courage of Chaplain Schmitt. The citation for his award in 1943 illuminated his bravery. The family posthumously received his Navy & Marine Corps Medal and the Purple Heart.

REMEMBERANCE SUMMER 2019

The citation detailed his heroism and bravery. When the ship capsized, he and other members of the crew, became trapped in a compartment where only a small porthole provided outlet for escape. With unselfish disregard for his own plight, he assisted his shipmates through the aperture. When they in turn were in the process of rescuing him, his body became tightly wedged in the narrow opening. Realizing that other men had come into the compartment seeking a way out, [he] . . . insisted he be pushed back into the ship so the others might escape. Calmly urging them on with . . . his blessing, he remained behind while his shipmates crawled out to safety. In so doing, he gallantly gave up his life for his country. Father Schmitt was one of 429 killed in action aboard the Oklahoma. It was the second greatest loss of life of the ships at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. His body was never identified. However, 75 years after his death, science and technology would change all of that. The Washington Post wrote, “In 2015, the Pentagon exhumed the remains of what are believed to be 388 of them. With the help of enhanced technology and techniques, experts have been gradually making identifications. Schmitt was identified with the help of DNA retrieved from a skull bone and matched with that of a relative. Last week, the DPAA announced that it had identified its 100th person from the USS Oklahoma.” Father Aloysius Schmitt’s formal burial took place at Christ the King Chapel at Loras College in Dubuque, Iowa, on October 8, 2016. The nation and the US Navy bestowed upon this hero of Pearl Harbor one further award — the Silver Star.

Park Pals Adventure Camp Discovering the National Parks Through Play By: Amanda O’Brien, Education Coordinator, War in the Pacific National Historical Park

elted chocolate running down arms. Storytime. The scent of coconut and sugar caramelizing, wafting on the breeze. Laughter. Strands of music and small voices raised in song. Wild dance moves. Natural objects harnessed to create art. Teamwork and fair play. These quintessential childhood experiences, and many more, helped kindergarten and 1st grade students discover their National Park on Guam. During Guam Department of Education’s Winter Break (December 24, 2018 – January 4, 2019), Pacific Historic Parks, in cooperation with War in the Pacific National Historical Park, hosted their first Park Pals Adventure Camp at the T. Stell Newman Visitor Center. Registration was opened to the general public for youth in kindergarten or 1st grade, with a total of 21 youths participating. Park Pals Adventure Camp consisted of two sessions: “National Park Service and Guam History and Culture,” and “National Park Service and Guam Science and Nature.” All activities throughout the program supported these themes. The goal of these themes and curriculum was for island youth to have fun learning about Guam and their National Park. Campers spent their time at the Park getting a wonderful introduction to the work –and fun – Park Rangers are faced with each day. Campers learned unique stories from World War II, discovered the diverse array of plants and animals we protect, and learned about National Parks through songs, stories, crafts, and games. Utilizing Junior Ranger-branded games, CDs, and books, in addition to curriculum created and developed by PHP, campers discovered their National Park on Guam in a variety of ways. Activities included:

“The young people of today are the lawmakers, the scientists, the industrialists, the conservationists, the cattlemen, and the lumbermen of tomorrow. It is vitally important that they learn today the values of national parks and the principles underlying their preservation. For they will have the say tomorrow as to what becomes of these properties of the people.” - Newton B. Drury, Director of the National Park Service from 1940 to 1951

»» Singing and dancing to National Park-themed songs, including Find Your Park »» A Bingo Scavenger Hunt to explore the Visitor Center »» A Coconut-Candy-making demonstration and tasting to emphasize the coconut’s pivotal role in CHamoru culture »» Constructing solar ovens to learn about Guam’s climate, solar energy, and to make s’mores »» Craft Table: Rosie the Riveter Bandanas, Uncle Sam Masks, and Sand Art Nature-scapes »» National Park-themed games including Moth and Butterfly Blitz to highlight the endemic Marianas 8-spot Butterfly »» Storytime to learn about the National Parks, Rangers’ jobs, and creatures living in coral reefs When asked what was the best part of the program, T.E.A.M. PHP Youth Mentor Caleb White, answered, “Definitely the coconut candy making! [The kids] enjoyed using the kamyu’ [a traditional coconut-grating stool] to grind the coconut meat.” T.E.A.M. PHP Youth Mentor Merced Hernandez, added, “Seeing the enthusiasm on the kids’ faces when they were making the solar ovens and sand art was the most fun for me. I loved when their eyes lit up after the sand was tapped off and revealed their creation.” Park Pals Adventure Camp offered an experience that will inspire these campers for a lifetime by developing a new understanding of history and science, which may lead to future careers in biology, archaeology, natural resource management, interpretation, education, or in federal service caring for our public lands. WWW.PACIFICHISTORICPARKS.ORG

The Faces of Guahån

B y: Tanya Sor tor, Education Coordinator at Pacific Historic Parks & Ashton W i l l i a m s , B i o l o g i c a l S c i e n c e Te c h n i c i a n , W a r in the Pacific National Historical Park

The students began their experience by peering across the expanse of the overlook. From their vantage point, the students could clearly see where the Japanese defense forces had dug in, awaiting the upcoming battle. They identified the shore where the US Pacific Fleet of nearly 500 battle ships arrived with their tanks and guns. They observed the land where 1,700 American soldiers and 18,000 Japanese soldiers were killed in the battle for Guam.

f you had a choice, would you rather learn about important historical events in a classroom, online, or at the place they actually happened? More and more, educators are discovering the power of place. Taking students out of the classroom and into the real world gives students a new and exciting way to not just learn history, but to experience it themselves. This past school year, Pacific Historic Parks designed an education program titled “Faces of Guahån.” Over 1,300 junior high school students discovered the power of place at their national park. The “Faces of Guahån” program took students beyond their textbooks and immersed them in their local history for a powerful educational and emotional experience. Students went to Asan Bay Overlook to learn about World War II and the impact of occupation by the Japanese. Guahån is the CHamoru name for the island of Guam, and many students were direct descendants of the men and women whose names cover the marble walls of the memorial. Through songs, photos, sound effects, artifacts, games, and dramatic interpretations, students gained insight into the history of people that over the years has evolved but has not been forgotten.

With the imagery of the war fresh in their minds, the students began listening to individual accounts of the war and the occupation. News clips, sound effects, and artifacts helped students feel like they were living in the time of the Japanese occupation. One story in particular, that of young Beatrice Flores Emsley, was especially moving to the students. Listening to Beatrice’s account of imprisonment, torture, and attempted decapitation was an emotional experience for the students, especially because she had been the same age as many of the students in the program. The detailed descriptions of her experience—the confusion she felt when her family disappeared, the pain of the attempted decapitation, and the wriggling of the maggots that infested her wound—made the students squirm, cringe, and grown. PHP staff shared stories and photos of their own family members who were affected by the war, and this prompted teachers and students to share their own family histories of occupation and imprisonment. Each shared story built upon the last and cemented the students’ connection to their history, their land, and their national park. Then, the students chose a name on the memorial wall, made a wall rubbing transferring the name to their papers allowing them to take a piece of history home. Many students chose the names of relatives, while others chose the names of survivors whose personal accounts of suffering and bravery they had just witnessed. The students went home with a deep understanding of the horrors of war and the resilience and solidarity of the CHamoru people. Pacific Historic Parks invites you to come and feel the power of place at your national parks. There are over 400 national parks and monuments across the United States and its territories for you to connect with, all with their own stories and experiences to share.

The Faces of Guahån program is part of the Education on Wheels: Parks as Classrooms Program hosted and funded by Pacific Historic Parks, and its partner, War in the Pacific National Historical Park. 8

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The Legacy of Pearl Harbor Inspiring Our Youth Through Our Education Programs B y Jennifer Sa gon-Taeza , Education Specialist at Pacific Historic Parks

he legacy of Pearl Harbor is a story of remembrance, honor and understanding. The historical impacts of December 7, 1941 need to resonate for future generations. The educator is key to that goal of remembering Pearl Harbor. Educators instill a love for learning and build confidence in others to share their knowledge with the world. The development of the education program for Pacific Historic Parks is the beginning of a preschool to 12th grade curriculum, with each unit aligned to the Common Core State Standards and the Hawaii Content and Performance Standards for Social Studies. Our educational program, “The Legacy of Pearl Harbor” addresses school group visits to the Pearl Harbor National Memorial, educational programs about World War II history taught beyond the park’s physical grounds and worldwide long-distance learning and virtual field trips. Creating rigorous lessons on historical events can be challenging. Lessons are created to address specific grade level standards, providing the necessary accommodations and modifications for diverse learners, and seeking out ways to connect the contents taught in the classroom with the community and the world. Visits to Pearl Harbor begin with a pre-site visit at a school site preparing the students for their visit to the memorial. Jimmy Lee, a civilian eyewitness to the attack on Pearl Harbor, is often requested for pre-site visits to share his recollection of his experience. A self-guided or guided tour at the Pearl Harbor National Memorial provides opportunities for students to connect what they have learned in the classroom. The highlight of the visit is

the documentary of the attack on Pearl Harbor and boat ride to view the memorial. The movie is a recollection of the events leading up to the attack on Pearl Harbor. The documentary is then followed by a solemn boat ride to the USS Arizona Memorial. Programs that are taught at a school site by the education department address the importance of appreciation for culture, reconciliation and peace. Students are immersed in literature and participate in group discussions about the children who were a part of their grandparents generation in World War II. Students hear the stories of war and the human toll. They also hear the stories of those who longed for peace and forgiveness. Students are taught that they too can make a difference in the world. Interactive activities are led by education coordinators to provide connections with the story that was read. Technology provides opportunities for our education department to reach out to the world through longdistance learning and virtual reality. Civilian eyewitness join Pearl Harbor survivors to recollect their shared experiences during the virtual tours. Education coordinators take part in reaching out to our long-distance students about the history of Pearl Harbor through interactive conversations during the tour and concluding the tour through a question and answer session. Pacific Historic Parks considers it both a solemn duty and honor to be part of this vital education effort to preserve history and always remember Pearl Harbor.

WWW.PACIFICHISTORICPARKS.ORG

REMEMBERANCE SUMMER 2019

Curator’s Corner: Ship Bells By Scott Pawlowski, Curator at Pearl Harbor National Memorial

Left: This is the USS Arizona bell just prior to conservation by a National Park Service Conservator from Harpers Ferry Center, June 2019. Right: This is the USS Arizona bell after conservation, June 2019. You can see the amazing difference.

ells have a long tradition of use in navy and merchant fleets of the world. Bells work to signal time, emphasize ceremony, and provide directional aid. In short, bells set a rhythm for the crew. Bells have become symbolic for the Navy and on merchant ships owing to its many important uses. Bells remain a tangible and real reminder of the history and heritage of our exploration into the oceans. Here at Pearl Harbor, we have the bell from the mighty Arizona Bell that is exhibited in the Visitor Center. These bells take regular cleaning done by our onsite staff. However, every 2-3 years, a Conservator from Harpers Ferry Center, the National Park Service’s premier conservation center, spends a week doing deep cleaning and comprehensive preservation. They also document the bell photographically in an effort to detect any adverse changes that might be happening. Ceremony and remembrance are the two main activities for the Arizona bell today. The Arizona bell is rung two times yearly. The best time to hear it and see it is during the December 7th commemorations. It is also rung on the Navy’s birthday. You can hear a high fidelity recording of the bell on the Pacific Historic Parks’ museum tour app.

In July 1946, a USS Arizona bell that was in storage at the Puget Sound Navy Yard was placed on loan to the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. The bell at Pearl Harbor was most likely the bell removed from the foremast in 1940. The USS Arizona bell displayed here was shipped to the mainland (possibly placed in storage in Norfolk, VA). In 1954, it was placed on exhibit at the Arizona State Fairgrounds in Phoenix, AZ for a number of years. Then it was placed on display at the First National Bank of Phoenix in the bank's Arizona History Room. In 1965, the bell was returned to Hawai‘i, and on Memorial Day 1966 it was officially unveiled at the USS Arizona Memorial. It was actually on the memorial over the ship. In 1993, to better protect the bell from the elements, it was placed on display at the Visitor Center. During the construction of the donor funded visitor center that opened in 2010, the bell was given its own space with a seating area.

The battleship USS Arizona (BB-39) on completion in 1916 was outfitted with two identical bronze bells cast in 1916 by E. A. Williams & Son. One was mounted on the foremast, and the other on the mainmast. The principal functions of these bells were as a navigational aid when the ship is at anchor in fog, or when it is aground, to mark the passage of time, to signal an alarm, and for ceremonial use. In late 1940, while the USS Arizona was in overhaul at the Puget Sound Navy Yard, Bremerton, Washington the bell on the foremast was removed in order to lighten the ship. The remaining bell on the mainmast was salvaged in August 1942 when the mainmast was removed from the ship.

Ringing the bell with four USS Arizona survivors during December 7th Ceremonies Another bell in NPS' possession is the USS Honolulu bell. To read more on this bell, visit our website at pacifichistoricparks.org WWW.PACIFICHISTORICPARKS.ORG

Rendezvous with History

Lonie Lee Copeland By Amanda Thompson, contributor writer at Pacific Historic Parks

acific Historic Parks is dedicated to preserving the stories of those who experienced war in the Pacific Theater. From Pearl Harbor veterans to civilian witnesses, those who experienced combat and those who helped the war effort back at home, our oral history collection serves as a unique look into the past. June 4, 1942 marked a turning point in the war between Japan and the United States. America had been on the defensive end of Japan’s attacks for six months following Pearl Harbor, but with the assistance of expert codebreaking, the US Navy was able to impede Japan’s plans to attack Midway Island and gain an offensive position that would continue until the end of the war in 1945. The Battle of Midway began with the Japanese attack on the US base on the island. Japan’s objective was to ensure that the United States could never be a formidable power in the Pacific. However, after attacking the Marines waiting on the beach, the first wave of Japanese bombers headed back to their ships to refuel. The American carriers, sortied nearby, sent out their attack planes and the enemy was taken by complete surprise. The battle lasted four days and resulted in heavy losses of life on both sides, including the USS Yorktown, but ultimately a Japanese retreat. One of the men who experienced this major battle was Lonie Lee Copeland. He was stationed on Midway Island as part of the Defense Battalion with the United States Marine Corps. Here is part of his story:

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“We knew three weeks ahead of time that the J*ps was coming. Didn't know when. And we got reinforced the 3rd Defense Battalion and two companies out of Radio Battalion and got some B 17s in. They hit us about 6:30 or 7:00 that morning [June 4]. The Japanese bombers were coming in, so we opened fire soon as they got in range. I guess they were at about 10,000 --15,000 feet. We could see them and we could also see our fighter planes hitting them, hitting the bummers too. I think we shot down quite a few. The battle lasted about two hours. The Japanese Zeroes came in so low we couldn't use the three inch, but we were firing our rifles… at Zeroes… they were coming straight in on us. See we didn't know the Navy was out there to help us at all. We were in the dark. We didn't have many to come back from Midway. They all got shot down.” Copeland went on to fight at Eniwetok and finished the war out training Marines at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. He returned to Midway Island for the 50th anniversary in 1992. If you know someone who would be interested in sharing their Pacific War or homefront story to be preserved in our Oral History Collection please contact us at oralhistories@pacifichistoricparks.org. To see Copeland’s full oral history and others like it, visit our digital collection at www.pacifichistoricparks.org.

JAMES BRONSON TAYLOR November 25, 1938 – May 20, 2019

ith his loving wife and children by his side, Jim Taylor, of Makakilo, Oahu, passed away peacefully at age 80. Born in Toledo, Ohio, Jim joined the U.S. Navy in 1956. After serving 33 years, he retired as Command Master Chief for the “Blue Geese” of VP-22, NAS Barbers Pt. in 1989. “Mr. T” immediately went to work as the Assistant Officer-in-Charge, Naval Brig Ford Island, until he retired in February 2008. He then followed his passion as a full-time volunteer Pearl Harbor Survivor Liaison at the Public Affairs Office, Navy Region Hawai’i and received the President’s Volunteer Service Award in 2010. He truly loved his “job” and he was a great American who did everything he could to honor our Pearl Harbor survivors. Fair winds and following seas, Jim.

Prayer for the Dead

“Eternal rest grant unto them and let perpetual light shine upon them and may they rest in peace.”

Marvin T. Alexander Ford Island NAS, VP-24 Corpus Christi, TX

John E. Doyle Schofield Barracks Prospect, CT

George N. Grove Schofield Barracks York, PA

Billy E. Johnson USS Hulbert San Diego, CA

Stanley Libera USS Tennessee New Britain, CT

Joseph Quericia USS Medusa Fresno, CA

Walter Q. Smith Schofield Barracks N. Little Rock, AR

Charles W. Averill USS Honolulu Pineville, NC

Robert E. Drumm Sr. USS St. Louis Pensacola, FL

James L. Haddox Schofield Barracks Hobe Sound, FL

John E. Jessee USS Whitney Winter Haven, FL

Edna Joyce Linn Tripler Hospital Jonesville, AR

Thomas Reed Schofield Barracks Houston, TX

Wallace R. Stanfield USS Argonne Texas

Marco Barouch Fort Kamehameha Brookline, MA

George T. Dwyre Hickam Field St. Petersburg, FL

Clifford H. Hall Jr. Schofield Barracks Ridgefield, CT

Colin N. Jones Hickam Field Weston, FL

Charles J. Lockhart USS Curtiss E. Long Meadow, MA

Thomas Reinhardt Schofield Barracks Belmont, NC

William K. Snyder USS Vestal Clinton, UT

Charles A. Bellus USS Pelias W. Hartford, CT

Alexander S. Dyga Schofield Barracks Pittsburg, PA

Gerald L. Halterman Naval Base Pearl Harbor Farmingham, MA

Joseph D. Jones Hickam Field Orlando, FL

Charles L. Logsdon Schofield Barracks Keyser, WV

Richard T. Riley USS Nevada Chesapeake, VA

Jay B. Strange Schofield Barracks Inman, SC

Maurice R. Jones Hickam Field Orlando, FL

Gardner R. Long Fort Ruger Register Town, MD

Adam S. Romero USS Dobbin Lakeside, CA

Frank Stumpf Wheeler Field Brookfield, WI

Joseph Catenazzo USS Detroit Corpus Christi, TX

James V. Edmundson Edward Hammond Hickam Field Submarine Base Pearl Harbor Longboat Key, FL Pompano Beach, FL

Burdell O. Cobb Ford Island NAS Springdale, AZ

Jack R. Evans USS Tennessee La Mesa, CA

James R. Haney USS Preble Atkins, AR

Melvin (Bud) Kennedy USS Rigel Omaha, NE

Earl A. Luehman USS Helena Arlington, VA

Charles G. Rose Schofield Barracks Plymouth, MA

Paul L. Suter Schofield Barracks Moneta, VA

Liston A. Coomer Wheeler Field Orlando, FL

Clayton S. Ezell USS Solace Kennesaw, GA

Clement J. Hauger Camp Malakole Elkhart, IN

Harold A. Kent USS West Virginia Point Pleasant, WV

John G. Mathrusse Ford Island NAS Mountain View, CA

Anthony W. Rudzinski USS Perry Warrenton, VA

Isadore A. Tadiello USS Curtiss East Canaan, CT

James D. Cooper Schofield Barracks Chester, WV

Mark Factor USS St. Louis Charlotte Hall, MD

William H. Hayes Hickam Field San Antonio, TX

Craig M. Kirkpatrick USS Castor Hendersonville, NC

Albert C. Moutran Wheeler Field Niantic, CT

Travis W. Sanders Fort Kamehameha Clute, TX

James W. Underwood USS Solace Whitewater, WI

Al B. Cory USS Tennessee Jacksonville, FL

Laurel G. Feldt USS Selfridge Monrovin, MD

William M. Hendley USS Oklahoma Wilmington, NC

Edmund G. Klepps USS Helena Terryville, CT

James W. Murdy USS Helena Allentown, PA

Eugene Scandrol 63rd Army Ordnance Dept. Aberdeen, MD

Melvin L. Vaughn USS Oklahoma Norfolk, VA

Francesco Costagliola USS Phoenix Alexandria, VA

Jacob Gallawa USS Pelias Pensacola, FL

Edward C. Hubbert Sr. Hickam Field Parton, MD

Walter Kominsky Fort Shafter Beaver, WV

Bernard J. H. Murphy USS Maryland Worcester, MA

Edward F. Schreiber USS Medusa Somerville, MA

Edward Wentzlaff USS Arizona Milaca, MN

Charles K. Day Schofield Barracks Orlando, FL

Raymond Garland USS Tennessee Coeur D’Alene, ID

Stanley Hwalek USS Nevada Greece, NY

Norman G. Lancaster USS Phoenix Arlington, VA

John A. Murphy USS Vestal San Diego, CA

Harold L. Sharadin USS Montgomery Houston, TX

Benjamin F. Wicker USS California Baton Rouge, LA

William A. Denny 4th Defense Battalion Christianburg, VA

Lester E. Gentzler Sr. Schofield Barracks Nokomis, FL

Timothy J. Hynes III USS Honolulu Lutherville, MD

William Lehr USS Monaghan Hamden, CT

John Newnam Submarine Base Pearl Harbor Waco, TX

Stanley J. Shylanski Schofield Barracks Ferguson, MO

Donald A. Dertien USS Farragut Ocala, FL

Julius Gimensky Hickam Field Jackson, MI

William J. Jarvis Naval Base Pearl Harbor Kearns, UT

Amos Peterson Wheeler Field Blanchardville, WI

Charles G. Smith USS Gamble Annapolis, MD

George J. Devita Ford Island NAS Bradenton, FL

Robert A. Greenleaf Sr. Naval Base Pearl Harbor Westfield, MA

Walter Jefferson USS Aylwin Richmond, VA

Eugene L. Leonard Marine Corps Air Station Ewa San Diego, CA

Carl Powers Fort Kamehameha Vinton, VA

Lloyd G. Smith Bellows Army Air Field Vienna, VA

WWW.PACIFICHISTORICPARKS.ORG

You Make it Happen!

Your contributions help us meet our mission to ensure that the legacy of the valiant, courageous men and women who served our country during World War II are never forgotten. We would like to recognize and thank the following donors for their recent contributions.

THE 1941 SOCIETY

IN HONOR OF

Castle Resorts and Hotels In Memory of William B Kingseed, CSC, USN (Ret.) COL and Mrs. Cole Kingseed, USA (Ret.)

LEGACY SOCIETY

David Lotz David Addington

David F Knablin Kelly Knablin Harris

Marjorie M Bruckmueller

Lauren Bruner Lou Conter Lonnie Cook Ken Potts Donald Stratton Stan Cromlish

Walter Thomas Cody Emma McCann

DeeDee E Dellos Rev Nicholas Inman

Fred Y Sakurai Jennifer Sakurai

Penny H Lommen

Pasha Hawaii

IN MEMORY OF Alfred Rodrigues, Sr Beverly Au

Steven Fry, USA David Fry

J D Boatenhamer Steven Boatenhamer

Herbert Weatherwax Lilana Golden

Daniel Keel Mark Briton

Paula Kendrick John Kendrick

Dewey H Chew Gail Ann Chew

Daniel L Miller Desmond Miller Ted Miller Hershell Winfield Doug Miller

Harold Keith Stephanie Cosgrove Ranceford Nohea Ako, USA (Ret.) Nalei Davis

Al Rodrigues Sr George E Sullivan, USN Roberta A Sullivan Jerry D Tessaro, USN (Ret.) Rita G Tessaro Aaron Cooper George, USAF Timothy and Wanda Twigg Charles G Walsh, USAF (Ret.) Sarah R Walsh

Leo Engle Ken Yoder Randy and Susan Presler

THANK YOU TO OUR FRIENDS Kevin and Brenda Adams

Coca-Cola Bottling of Hawaii, LLC

John G Bachman

James Dodd Marilyn Eggleton

John and Mary Hartwell December 7th 1941 Pearl Harbor Remembrance Hawaii Tourism Japan Association

James P Larsen Sr David Leatherman

Robert K Barker

David and Louise Coleman

Edward J Ellis

Steven and Gail Bauer

Robert Conrad

Dorothy Ene

William Bible

Frank and Irene DeNave

Gary Hooper

Buffalo Wild Wings

Edward and Nancy Funkhouser

Dover Publications, Inc James Gerow

John P Case

Harold and Carmen Divers

Fred and Rose Humphrey

Hawai`i Tourism Taiwan Wendy and Jim Malcolm

Roger Hale

Les Isaacowitz

Earl and Judith Kohler

Susan Mares

David Dix

Edward Hall

Angela Buehler James

Laurence Lapomarda

Christopher Martinez

Lee Champion

Karl and Kathleen Heeren August Hock

Edwin Judisch

Carol L Lordo

Troy Kaneshiro

John Lu

Robert Kilthau

Katrina Luksovsky

John R Kogut

Jack and Angela Maas

REMEMBERANCE SUMMER 2019call (808) 954-8729 or visit www.pacifichistoricparks.org To donate,

Gary Maynard Larry H McCown Ted Micklos Barbara Miller Mutual Publishing, LLC David and Louise Moore James H Morgan Donald and Mary Muhlnickel Tatsuya Murakawa Michael E Oakes Marc and Leatha Orr Outrigger Hotels Hawaii Pacific Islands Institute, Ltd David F Pacion Kenneth R Perkins Gayle Phillips Nicholas Puzon

The Legacy Society Create a legacy that will ensure history will never be forgotten Since 1980, millions of people from every state of our nation and from 40 countries around the world have seen, experienced, and been inspired by the valor and sacrifices of the Greatest Generation at Pearl Harbor and throughout the Pacific Basin. The Legacy Society was created to acknowledge and celebrate family and friends who desire to keep history alive and to honor the sacrifices of the World War II generation. Members have affirmed Pacific Historic Parks in their estate plans or through other planned gifting arrangements. Planned gifts provide a unique opportunity to preserve our country’s military heritage through supporting Pacific Historic Parks while possibly receiving tax benefits on income. TYPES OF PLANNED GIFTS Charitable Bequest Life Insurance Life Income Gifts

Michael Quinlan

Charitable Gift Annuity

Paul Richardson

Charitable Remainder Trust

Yvonne Ridge David W Russell Edean Saito Takeshi and June Shimana

I’m interested in discussing my options for a planned gift with Pacific Historic Parks. Please contact me at the number listed in the form below.

James Skelton

I already have a planned gift set up for Pacific Historic Parks.

Gianna J Solari-Richards

Please specify type: _________________________

Carolyn and Gordon Sparks Sandra J Spaulding

Pacific Historic Parks may recognize my membership in The Legacy Society in its publications.

Raymond and Virginia Spencer Ruth A Stirnkorb Mary A Stone William Strynkowski Albert G Sutcliffe Robert L Taylor Thomas and Marilyn Troy Unity House Incorporated James S Vega

___________________________________________________________ Name ___________________________________________________________ Address ___________________________________________________________ City, State, Zip ___________________________________________________________ Phone ___________________________________________________________ Email

James B Warner Charles R Waters III Wig Wigmore Timothy Wright Frank and Marcia Ziemba

Established in 1979, Pacific Historic Parks is a 501(c)(3), tax exempt cooperating association committed to preserving the legacy of our historic heritage by providing support of research, preservation, restoration, education and interpretive programs to the National Park Service at World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument (Pearl Harbor), War in the Pacific National Historical Park (Guam), American Memorial Park (Saipan), Kalaupapa National Historical Park (Molokai) and Diamond Head State Monument (Oahu).

WWW.PACIFICHISTORICPARKS.ORG

94-1187 Ka Uka Blvd. Waipahu, Hawai‘i 96797

On January 6, 1866, in keeping with An Act to Prevent the Spread of Leprosy [1865], the first 12 leprosy patients were sent to the Kalaupapa peninsula – separated from their families and communities, to live out their lives in isolation. They were followed by wave after wave of patients, such that from 1866-1969, approximately 8,000 people were exiled to this peninsula on Moloka‘i’s north shore, separated from “topside” by the almost two-thousand-foot pali (cliffs). Today, there are only 12 patients remaining on record.

PRESORTED FIRST-CLASS MAIL U.S. POSTAGE PAID HONOLULU, HI PERMIT NO. 985