Strategic Human Resource Management
Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) explores the integration of human resource practices with the overall strategic goals and objectives of an organization. This course examines how HR can be leveraged as a vital asset in achieving sustainable competitive advantage, focusing on topics such as talent acquisition, performance management, employee development, organizational culture, and change management. Through case studies and practical frameworks, students learn how to align HR strategies with business strategies, measure HR effectiveness, and address contemporary challenges such as globalization, diversity, and technological change. The course prepares students to make informed, strategic HR decisions that contribute to organizational success.
Recommended Textbook
Diversity in Organizations 3rd Edition by
Myrtle P. Bell
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study of Diversity in Organizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The number of discrimination charges filed with the EEOC averages nearly 500,000 per year.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) What demographic and employment changes have happened now that the year 2000 has passed and the year 2020 is approaching?
A) Manufacturing jobs are increasing.
B) The current workforce is more diverse than it was in the past, but Whites remain the largest numerical group.
C) Increasing globalization has little effect on interactions, because many employees communicate solely by e-mail and phone, rather than face to face.
D) In the U.S. and Canada, workforce growth is increasing.
Answer: B
Q3) As of the most recent year studied, women and minorities made up 85% of the workforce.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Theories and Thinking About Diversity
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Q1) The fundamental attribution error
A) advantages non-dominant group members while disadvantaging dominant group members.
B) is the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when evaluating behaviors of others.
C) is the tendency to underestimate the influence of internal factors and overestimate the influence of external factors when evaluating behaviors of oneself.
D) only happens when dominant group members evaluate the behavior of out-group members.
Answer: B
Q2) Egalitarians strongly oppose such concepts as human equality and support social, political, and economic privilege.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Legislation
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Q1) Disparate impact
A) is always illegal.
B) when proven, results in employers having to pay punitive damages.
C) occurs when an apparently neutral policy, such as height and weight requirements, has the effect of discrimination against certain groups.
D) occurs when there is intentional discrimination, for example if an employer refuses to hire men as childcare workers.
Answer: C
Q2) The Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act of 2008
A) emphasizes that the definition of a disability should be construed narrowly.
B) states that an impairment that is episodic and in remission is not a disability.
C) focuses on the definition of a more limited number of disabilities.
D) makes it easier for those seeking protection to establish having a disability.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Blacksafrican Americans
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a study on employment and earnings of native and immigrant Blacks and Whites, A) native and immigrant Blacks had different earnings.
B) African-born Blacks had higher educational levels than native-born Blacks.
C) immigrants with less education had lower employment rates than native-born Blacks.
D) immigrants had higher earnings than native-born workers.
Q2) The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s
A) was less successful than the movement of the 1930s and 1940s.
B) primarily occurred in the North.
C) had no assistance from Jewish allies.
D) included lunch counter sit-ins that college students organized.
Q3) Aversive racism continues to affect Black applicants and employees but not customers.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Underemployment can affect the quality of a person's future employment.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Latinoshispanics
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Q1) In terms of marketing to Latinos, in the Hispanic Opinion Tracker study,
A) Latinos prefer to use credit instead of cash for their purchases.
B) Latinos were found to spend less than other customers.
C) Hispanics were more likely to report stronger enthusiasm about shopping than other survey participants.
D) Hispanic marketing is not worth the effort due to their poverty.
Q2) Which of the following is true of Latinos in the U.S.?
A) Hispanics of Mexican, Central American, and South American origin each comprise about 30% of the U.S. population of Hispanics.
B) Eighty percent of Latinos in the U.S. live in California and Texas.
C) The populations of California and Texas are now about 60% Hispanic.
D) The majority of Hispanics in the U.S. are of Mexican origin.
Q3) Hispanics are underrepresented in managerial and professional occupations relative to their representation in the U.S. population.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Hispanics can be White, Black, Asian, or other races.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Asians and Asian Americans
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Q1) Racial classifications in the U.S. census of people of Asian descent have changed multiple times.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Asian Americans have long been and continue to be far more negatively viewed than any other ethnic/minority group. That view has been made even stronger as a result of numerous U.S. military involvements in Asia.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Asians who come to the U.S. are less likely to become naturalized citizens than immigrants from any other country.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Asians are over-represented in management in technical fields.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Asian Americans have a bimodal distribution of educational attainment. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Whiteseuropean Americans
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Q1) The Southern Poverty Law Center
A) was co-founded by Morris Dees.
B) has focused only on poverty and avoided cases involving the death penalty, hate groups, and the confederate flag.
C) has been a barrier to gaining equitable rights for women in the military since they do not live in poverty.
D) was established for one single purpose: to help poor people become lawyers so that they in turn can help poverty stricken people.
Q2) Multiple audit studies conducted in major U.S. cities confirm the greater likelihood of Whites to be preferred in the workplace over similarly qualified Blacks and Latinos.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Research on White identity development indicates that
A) Whites' identity development is unrelated to where they stand regarding measures to increase equity.
B) White identity development has no relationship to diversity in organizations.
C) symbolic White identity development is associated with negative outcomes.
D) more research is needed to draw even very tentative conclusions.
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Chapter 8: American Indians, Alaska Natives, and
Multiracial Group Members
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Q1) The U.S. Census did not include American Indians until 1860, and then only if they were not living on reservations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Although the term "Native American" is often construed as more appropriate, American Indian is more commonly used by members of the group themselves and is considered broadly acceptable.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Nearly 7 million people in the U.S. report belonging to two or more races.
A)True
B)False
Q4) American Indians and Alaska Natives have the worst employment rates in the U.S. A)True
B)False
Q5) American Indians who have lived primarily on reservation or trust lands will have similar experiences than those who have lived elsewhere.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 9: Sex and Gender
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Q1) Glass walls
A) can be easily broken and with the elimination of those barriers, people can get ahead.
B) enable peoples talents and success to be seen by those on the other side.
C) are similar to the glass ceiling in that they restrict movement of certain groups.
D) provide transparency and enable people to see how they can get ahead.
Q2) In Ann Hopkins v. Price-Waterhouse,
A) Hopkins was disciplined for wearing clothes that were too feminine and too much make-up in an accounting firm.
B) Hopkins was promoted, but sued when she was given a lower salary increase than her male counterparts.
C) the U.S. Supreme Court clarified the illegality of using compliance with gender roles in job decisions.
D) Hopkins was not promoted because she billed fewer hours (e.g., earned less revenue) than her male counterparts.
Q3) Quid pro quo harassment includes such things as jokes and photographs.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Work and Family
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Q1) Which of the following is not true of the Pregnancy Discrimination Act?
A) Women who are pregnant must be allowed to continue working as long as they are able to perform their jobs.
B) Women who are temporarily unable to perform their jobs must be treated the same as any other employee with a temporary disability.
C) Co-pays for pregnancy must be the same as those provided for other medical conditions.
D) The Pregnancy Discrimination Act requires employers to provide medical benefits for pregnancy and related conditions.
Q2) Which of the following is true of grandparents caring for grandchildren?
A) Fewer grandparents are caring for grandchildren now than in 2000.
B) Grandparents usually have the same access to help from their employers as do parents.
C) Grandparents caring for grandchildren have access to "parental" assistance that is equal or very similar to the assistance parents typically receive.
D) Almost 40% of grandparents caring for grandchildren have been caring for them for more than 5 years.
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Chapter 11: Sexual Orientation
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Q1) Which of the following is true of the term sexual orientation?
A) It is defined as being characterized by enduring emotional, romantic, sexual, and/or affectional attractions to individuals of a particular gender.
B) It is defined as being gay or lesbian.
C) It is defined as being gay, lesbian, or bisexual.
D) It is defined as a need for sexual stimulation.
Q2) "Passing," or not disclosing one's gay or lesbian sexual orientation at work, is easy. A)True B)False
Q3) Which of the following is true of education and earnings of gay men and lesbians when compared with heterosexual men and women?
A) Wages and education of gay men are lower than those of heterosexual men.
B) Wages and education of gay men are higher than those of heterosexual men.
C) Wages and education of lesbian women are higher than those of heterosexual women.
D) There is not enough data to be able to make any comparison.
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Chapter 12: Religion
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Q1) The AT&T and HP cases discussed in the text regarding religion and sexual orientation
A) demonstrated that organizations should prioritize rights of religious workers over the rights of sexual minorities.
B) demonstrated that organizations should prioritize rights of sexual minorities over rights of religious workers.
C) demonstrated that a policy of non-discrimination that does not trample on employees' belief systems can be implemented and defended.
D) were thrown out by the court since they were about personalities, not religion or sexual orientation.
Q2) Religiosity, rather than fundamentalism in various religions, is most strongly related to negative attitudes toward sexual minorities.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Anti-Arab and anti-Muslim stereotypes are often based on erroneous assumptions.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Age
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Q1) Because of declining vision and muscle control, older workers have higher rates of injury and accidents at work than younger workers.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Younger workers are less likely to be laid off than older workers.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The EEOC has no initiatives regarding youth at work.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Younger workers have higher turnover rates than older workers.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Regarding age and gender,
A) women are perceived to become old at younger ages than men.
B) older men and women are similarly disadvantaged.
C) older women are viewed as more intellectually competent than men.
D) older men are viewed as being more nurturing than older women.
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Chapter 14: Physical and Mental Ability
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Q1) Which of the following is true of employment of people with disabilities?
A) The ADA appears to be unable to have a positive effect on the employment of people with disabilities.
B) There is very little and very rare unemployment for people with disabilities.
C) The majority of claims filed under the ADA are deemed to have no reasonable cause.
D) Employment seldom ever pays off for either the employer or employee..
Q2) The proportion of people in the U.S. with a disability is:
A) about 5%.
B) about 10%.
C) about 20%
D) about 30%
Q3) People with work disabilities who have a college degree earn about 50% less than people without work disabilities who have a college degree.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Having a disability is a strong predictor of unemployment.
A)True
B)False
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Weight and Appearance
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Q1) Thin people may be in worse health than fat people.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Some studies find that both men and women who are taller than average are advantaged in employment situations.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Research studies on obesity and healthcare have found that
A) overweight people are more likely to receive preventive care than others.
B) medical professionals do not typically hold the same negative perceptions that discriminating employers hold about those who are overweight.
C) most nurses believe that obesity could be prevented by self-control.
D) the attitude of medical students toward obese patients changed in a positive direction after working with obese patients.
Q4) Genetics play a role in a person's propensity to be overweight or obese.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: International Diversity and Facing the Future
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Q1) Eradicating discrimination would benefit individuals, organizations, the economy, and society.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Human resources should adhere to all of the following practices to enhance diversity except:
A) Look at performance standards to see if they are similar for dominant and non-dominant groups.
B) Avoid giving negative feedback to non-dominant members because it may seem like prejudice.
C) Regularly assess performance of all employees.
D) Give similar chances of promotions to dominant and non-dominant group members.
Q3) The results of eliminating discrimination and valuing diversity include A) increased poverty.
B) increased lifespans.
C) weaker economies.
D) disregard for human rights.
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