Statistical Methods
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Statistical Methods is an introductory course that explores the fundamental principles and techniques used to collect, analyze, interpret, and present quantitative data. Students will learn about descriptive statistics, probability distributions, sampling methods, hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, regression analysis, and analysis of variance. Emphasis is placed on applying these methods to real-world problems across various fields, using statistical software for data analysis. The course is designed to provide a solid foundation for further study and practical application of statistics in academic research and professional settings.
Recommended Textbook Statistics for People Who Think They Hate Statistics Excel 2010 Edition 3rd Edition by
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
18 Chapters
532 Verified Questions
532 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/417
Page 2
Neil J. Salkind
Chapter 1: Statistics or Sadistics? Its
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7308
Sample Questions
Q1) You can see the formula behind the screens in a worksheet by entering what?
A) Ctrl+'
B) Ctrl+Alt
C) Ctrl F10
D) Ctrl Page Dn
Answer: A
Q2) Most of the basic statistical procedures were first developed and used in agriculture and which of the following fields?
A) biology
B) botany
C) astronomy
D) geology
Answer: C
Q3) What is a formula?
Answer: A formula is a set of mathematical operators that performs a specific mathematical task.
Q4) What is a function?
Answer: A function is a predefined formula.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Means to an End: Computing and Understanding Averages
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7309
Sample Questions
Q1) In the formula for computing the mean, what does the letter "X" represent?
A) summation
B) sample size
C) mean value of the group
D) individual scores
Answer: D
Q2) Determine the median for the following data set: 11, 14, 18, 19, 20, 25
Answer: The median is 18.5
Q3) When might you want to use the moving average tool?
Answer: A moving average might be used when you have a distribution that has outliers in order to obtain a more accurate representation.
Q4) When using the AVERAGE function in Excel, which of these are you calculating?
A) sum
B) mean
C) mode
D) median
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Vive La Différence: Understanding Variability
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7310
Sample Questions
Q1) If you intend to use a sample as an estimate of a population parameter, which standard deviation is the best to calculate?
A) biased
B) unbiased
C) squared deviation
D) mean deviation
Answer: B
Q2) If a distribution is "significantly distorted" what is this called?
A) variability
B) outliers
C) skew
D) percentile
Answer: C
Q3) What are the measures of variability discussed in the textbook?
Answer: Range, standard deviation, variance
Q4) What is the s of the following set of scores? 10, 15, 12, 18, 19, 16, 12
Answer: The standard deviation is 3.6
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7311
Sample Questions
Q1) What are the two types of skewness? Explain each.
Q2) What is the most basic method of illustrating data?
A) Frequency distribution
B) Pie chart
C) Line graph
D) Polygon
Q3) What is the term associated with the lack of symmetry in a distribution?
A) Ogive
B) Skewness
C) Kurtosis
D) Variability
Q4) If you have a distribution of 50 scores and you want 5 intervals, what should be the size of your class interval?
Q5) If you were interested in tracking your GPA during the time you are in graduate school, which of the following might you use?
A) Bar chart
B) Line graph
C) Pie chart
D) Histogram
Q6) What are the two types of kurtosis? Explain each.
Page 6
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 5: Ice Cream and Crime: Computing Correlation
Coefficients
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7312
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following represent the Excel function to be used when computing correlation coefficients?
A) CORREL(A:10; B:10)
B) CORREL(A:1-10; B:1-10)
C) CORREL(A1:A10; B1:B10)
D) CORREL(A10:B10)
Q2) If the coefficient of determination between two variables is .81, what is the coefficient of alienation?
A) .19
B) .34
C) .66
D) .90
Q3) A correlation coefficient can range in value. Which of the following illustrates this range?
A) -.01 to .01
B) -1.0 to 1.0
C) -2.0 to 2.0
D) -3.0 to 3.0
Q4) What does a correlation coefficient represent?
Q5) Write the formula for the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Just the Truth: An Introduction to Understanding
Reliability and Validity
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7313
Sample Questions
Q1) Test-retest reliability is an example of which of the following?
A) Measure of consistency
B) Measure of stability
C) Measure of agreement
D) Measure of equivalence
Q2) A measure of how stable a test is over time is an example of which of the following?
A) Interrater reliability
B) Test-retest reliability
C) Parallel forms reliability
D) Internal consistency
Q3) If in the underlying continuum we are measuring assumed equal intervals, at what level of measurement is the associated variable being measured?
Q4) If you correlate scores from your test with some other valid measure that assesses the same set of abilities, what type of validity evidence are you collecting?
A) Criterion validity
B) Content validity
C) Construct validity
D) Internal consistency
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Hypotheticals and You: Testing Your Questions
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7314
Sample Questions
Q1) What type of hypothesis posits a difference between groups, but the difference is not specified?
A) Directional hypothesis
B) Nondirectional hypothesis
C) Research hypothesis
D) Null hypothesis
Q2) What is the sampling error? What does a high sampling error indicate?
Q3) Which of the following symbols represents the first research hypothesis?
A) \(H _ { 1 }\)
B) \(\mu 1\)
C) \(\bar { X } 1\)
D) \(H _ { 0 }\)
Q4) Which of the following symbols represents the null hypothesis?
A) \(H _ { 1 }\)
B) \(\mu 1\)
C) \(\bar { X } 1\)
D) \(H _ { 0 }\)
Q5) Using the symbols from the text, write a directional research hypothesis equation where 9th graders are hypothesized to score better 12th graders.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Are Your Curves Normal? Probability and Why It
Counts
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7315
Sample Questions
Q1) Write the formula for calculating a z score.
Q2) If you know the z score, standard deviation, and mean, what formula would you use to compute the raw score?
A) \(X = ( \ { z } + s ) / \bar { X }\)
B) \(\bar { X } = z ( s ) + X\)
C) \(X = z ( s ) + \bar { X }\)
D) \(z = \bar { X } - X / s\)
Q3) What are the characteristics associated with the normal curve?
Q4) What percent of all scores fall below a z score of +1?
A) 16%
B) 34%
C) 50%
D) 84%
Q5) Which of the following is another name for the normal curve?
A) Asymptotic
B) Symmetry
C) Probability
D) Bell-shaped
10
Q6) What percentage of scores will fall between the mean and 1 standard deviation above the mean?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7316
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the formula for calculating power?
Q2) Under the normal curve, if the obtained value falls to the right of the critical value, under what percent of the normal curve did it fall?
Q3) The level of chance you are willing to take is called the?
A) Beta level
B) Power level
C) Significance level
D) Chance level
Q4) In order to determine whether or not you will reject the null hypothesis, what must the test statistic be compared against?
A) Critical value
B) Significance level
C) Obtained value
D) p value
Q5) Under the normal curve, if the obtained value falls to the left of the critical value, under what percent of the normal curve did it fall?
Q6) What are the Greek letters associated with Type I and Type II error?
Q7) What is the definition for significance level?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 10: Only the Lonely
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7317
Sample Questions
Q1) Given that it is impossible to compute all the possible means, what is the best estimate that can be used?
A) ANOVA
B) SEM
C) Xbar
D) T Test
Q2) When you reject the null hypothesis when it is really false, then you have made a?
A) Type I error
B) Incorrect decision
C) Type II error
D) Correct decision
Q3) A test is conducted for H?: ? = 20, with ? = 4. A sample of size 36 has \(\bar { X }\) = 21.4. Calculate the Z Test.
Q4) When you reject the null hypothesis when it is really true, then you have made a?
A) Incorrect decision
B) Correct decision
C) Type II error
D) Type I error
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 13
Chapter 11: t(ea) for Two (Again): Tests Between the Means of Related Groups
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7318
Sample Questions
Q1) What does t stat represent?
Q2) What Excel function requires that you enter the t value, degrees of freedom, and the number of tails?
A) TTEST
B) TEST2
C) TDIST
D) TDIST2
Q3) To determine whether you will reject the null hypothesis, the test statistic must be compared against the:
A) Critical value
B) Significance level
C) Obtained value
D) p value
Q4) What does the t test for dependent samples allow you to examine?
Q5) What does P(T<=t) two-tail represent?
Q6) What is the formula for calculating a t value for a dependent samples test?
Q7) When using the Amazing Analysis ToolPak to compute t value for dependent samples, which test should you select?
Q8) Explain the difference between a test of dependent and independent means. Page 14
Q9) What does t critical one-tail represent?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 15
Chapter 12: t(ea) for Two (Again): Tests Between the Means of Related Groups
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7319
Sample Questions
Q1) What Excel function requires that you enter the t value, degrees of freedom, and the number of tails?
A) TTEST
B) TEST2
C) TDIST
D) TDIST2
Q2) What does the t test for dependent samples allow you to examine?
Q3) In order to be 99% confident you have not committed a Type I error, at what level should you set your p value?
A) .01
B) .10
C) .05
D) .15
Q4) In the formula that computes a t value, what does n?D represent?
A) Sum of the difference between groups
B) Sum of the means for Group 1
C) Sum of the means for Group 2
D) Sum of the differences squared
Page 16
Q5) What is the formula for calculating a t value for a dependent samples test?
Q6) What does P(T<=t) two-tail represent?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 17
Chapter 13: Two Groups Too Many? Try Analysis of Variance
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7320
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the variability between groups due to?
A) Chance
B) The grouping factor
C) The F ratio
D) The levels of the dependent variable
Q2) When interpreting F??, ??? = 8.80, p < .05, what is the within-groups df?
A) 30
B) 27
C) 3
D) 2
Q3) When your research question calls for you to examine the differences in group means among three or more groups, which of the following would be the appropriate procedure?
A) Pearson correlation
B) t test for dependent samples
C) t test for independent samples
D) Analysis of variance
Q4) What are the three different ANOVA options within the Analysis Toolpak?
Q5) When is analysis of variance the appropriate statistical procedure to use?
Q6) What is the MS within value?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18
Chapter 14: Two Too Many Factors: Factorial Analysis of Variance
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7321
Sample Questions
Q1) If your analysis notes that participants in a weight loss program differ in amount of weight lost based on the type of weight program used, what type of effect is this called?
A) Interaction effect
B) Factor effect
C) Level effect
D) Main effect
Q2) When analysis of data reveals differential effects of one factor across levels of another factor, what is this called?
A) Interaction effect
B) Factor effect
C) Level effect
D) Main effect
Q3) When you want to examine the impact of more than one independent variable on the outcome variable, what type of ANOVA should be used?
A) Multivariate ANOVA
B) Factorial ANOVA
C) One-way ANOVA
D) Simple ANOVA
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19
Chapter 15: Cousins or Just Good Friends? Testing
Relationships Using the Correlation Coefficient
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
32 Verified Questions
32 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7322
Sample Questions
Q1) If the correlation between two variables is .496, what is the coefficient of determination?
A) 246
B)496
C) 504
D) 754
Q2) Which of the following types of reliability correlates scores on a single measure on two different occasions?
A) Test-retest
B) Interrater
C) Parallel forms
D) Internal consistency
Q3) If the correlation between two variables is .496, what is the coefficient of determination?
Q4) Which of the following Excel functions calculates a correlation coefficient similar to the CORREL function?
A) PEARSON
B) PHI
C) POINT-BISERIAL
D) BISERIAL
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 20
Chapter 16: Predicting Wholl Win the Super Bowl: Using
Linear Regression
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7323
Sample Questions
Q1) What statistical technique is used to make predictions of future outcomes based on present data?
A) Analysis of variance
B) Repeated measures
C) Linear regression
D) Correlational analysis
Q2) Which of the following symbols is associated with the independent variable in the regression equation?
A) X
B) Y
C) a
D) b
Q3) Which of the following is like a standard deviation for all error scores in regression?
A) Error of the estimate
B) Error standard deviation
C) Standard error of estimate
D) Precision of error
Q4) What does X? represent in the multiple regression formula?
Q5) Write the equation for linear regression. What do the symbols represent?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 21
Chapter
Chi-Square and Some Other Nonparametric Tests
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7324
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following nonparametric tests is used to determine if the number of occurrences across categories is random?
A) McNemar
B) Fisher's exact
C) Chi-square
D) Spearman rank
Q2) How is a nonparametric test different from a parametric test?
Q3) Which of the following nonparametric tests is used to determine if scores from a sample came from a specified population?
A) Mann-Whitney
B) Fisher's exact
C) Kolmogorov-Smirnov
D) Spearman rank
Q4) Which of the following nonparametric tests is used to examine the correlation between ranks?
A) Mann-Whitney
B) Wilcoxon rank
C) Spearman rank
D) Fisher's exact To view all questions and flashcards with answers,
Chapter 18: Some Other (Important) Statistical Procedures
You Should Know About
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7325
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a path analysis technique used to present results in a graphical representation of the relationship between all the different factors under consideration?
A) data mining
B) structural equation modeling
C) covariance
D) ANOVA
Q2) Which of these is a way to look for patterns in sets of data, which was first used by the business community looking at (and for) financial trends?
A) data mining
B) repeated measures
C) path analysis
D) factor analysis
Q3) Which of the following examines group difference on just one dependent variable?
A) repeated measures
B) covariance
C) path analysis
D) ANOVA
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 23