Social Work Capstone Research
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Social Work Capstone Research is a culminating course designed to integrate students academic knowledge, practical skills, and ethical foundations within the field of social work. Through the development and execution of an independent research project, students engage in critical inquiry on a topic relevant to social work practice, policy, or theory. The course emphasizes research methodologies, data analysis, and the application of evidence-based practices to address real-world social issues. Students are expected to present their findings in both written and oral formats, demonstrating professional communication as well as critical reflection on the implications for social justice, advocacy, and community practice.
Recommended Textbook
Essential Research Methods for Social Work 4th Edition by Allen Rubin
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Chapter 1: Why Study Research?
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Sample Questions
Q1) Our ego involvement can influence us to disregard evidence that contradicts our beliefs.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) When social work practitioners utilize research discriminatingly,they help uphold and advance the values and mission of their profession.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Explain what is meant by the statement,"Tradition and authority are the two-edged swords in the search for knowledge about the world."
Answer: No Answer
Q4) According to the scientific method,all knowledge should be A)provisional.
B)subject to refutation.
C)based on evidence supported by objective observations.
D)All of these
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Evidence-Based Practice: The Research Process
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Q1) Even if an intervention has been supported by exceptionally strong research evidence,practitioners need to evaluate whether that intervention has been the best choice for their particular client.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Critical thinking is part of evidence-based practice.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) An online search for evidence
A)should be restricted to one search term.
B)should be restricted to articles published in refereed journals, only.
C)can, for feasibility reasons, be limited to looking for systematic reviews emanating from searches already completed by others.
D)never be limited to looking for systematic reviews emanating from searches already completed by others.
Answer: C
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4
Chapter 3: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods of Inquiry
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about quantitative and qualitative methods?
A)Quantitative studies are more likely than qualitative studies to be more generalizable.
B)Qualitative studies are more likely than quantitative studies to be more generalizable.
C)Qualitative studies tend to have less contextual detail than quantitative studies.
D)Quantitative studies are more likely than qualitative studies to use grounded theory.
Answer: A
Q2) Qualitative research methods are more likely to tap the deeper meanings of human experiences.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Qualitative research methods are compatible with quantitative research methods. A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Factors Influencing the Research Process
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explanatory studies are designed to find answers to which of the following questions?
A)Are people's attitudes toward public welfare changing?
B)Why are people's attitudes toward public welfare changing?
C)Who watches soap operas?
D)All of the above.
Q2) Evaluation studies:
A)are done for exploration purposes.
B)are done for description purposes.
C)al are done for explanation purposes.
D)can be done for exploration, description or explanatory purposes.
Q3) Explain how a study could be conducted within the critical social science paradigm using research methods associated with the positivist paradigm.
Q4) Exploratory studies:
A)can employ qualitative, quantitative, and/or mixed methods.
B)always use qualitative methods.
C)always use quantitative methods.
D)usually use quantitative methods.
Q5) Explain the differences between the interpretivist and critical theory paradigms.
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Chapter 5: Ethical Issues in Social Work Research
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Q1) Illustrate how ethics and politics can affect social work research.
Q2) The norm of voluntary participation threatens the social research goal of generalizability.
A)True
B)False
Q3) As soon as you tell subjects that you are doing research,the ethical issue of the researcher's identity is no longer a problem.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Briefly summarize both sides of the arguments regarding Epstein's study of a bogus article to test journal bias.
Q5) The ethical issues are always readily apparent in research projects.
A)True
B)False
Q6) According to the NASW Code of Ethics,social workers violate their ethical responsibilities if they refrain from using research to guide their practice.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Culturally Competent Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) When recruiting minority and oppressed populations in research studies,you should A)use exactly the same informed consent procedures as with the majority population. B)use the same types of advertisements or referral sources as with the majority population.
C)obtain endorsement for your study from community leaders.
D)avoid the use of community members as research staff.
Q2) Provide an example where degree of acculturation should be included as one of the variables in a study of a minority culture.
Q3) If research participants from two different cultures have the same average score on a scale measuring caregiver burden,that means that the two groups of participants subjectively perceive the same degree of caregiver burden.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the steps you would take to maximize the measurement equivalence of a study that compares the degree of caregiver burden among White,African American,Hispanic,and Asian American caregivers for relatives with Alzheimer's Disease.
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Chapter 7: Problem Formulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Give an example of a relationship that you think might be spurious,and discuss how you would attempt to ascertain whether it is indeed spurious.
Q2) At what level of measurement is the variable number of future incidents of child neglect?
A)Nominal.
B)Ordinal.
C)Ratio.
D)Interval.
Q3) Construct three hypotheses of interest to social workers.One should predict a positive relationship,another a negative relationship,and a third a curvilinear relationship.Identify the independent and dependent variables in each hypothesis.Discuss your reasoning for predicting the curvilinear relationship.
Q4) There is only one acceptable operational definition for any given variable in social work research.
A)True B)False
Q5) Concepts that make up a variable are called attributes of that variable. A)True B)False
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Chapter 8: Measurement in Quantitative and Qualitative Inquiry
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Sample Questions
Q1) Coefficient alpha measures internal consistency reliability.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Mr.Isle has noticed that several women he considers to be very feminine wear dresses or skirts often.Therefore,he decides he will determine a woman's degree of femininity by finding out how many times she wears a skirt or a dress over a period of a month.The women who wear dresses or skirts most frequently will be considered the most feminine; those who rarely wear either will be considered the least feminine.Is Mr.Isle's method of measuring femininity reliable? Why or why not? Is his method of measuring femininity valid? Why or why not? What is the tension that often exists between the criteria of reliability and validity?
Q3) Social desirability bias is a form of random measurement error.
A)True
B)False
Q4) If a measure is reliable,it must also be valid.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Predictive validity is one form of criterion-related validity.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Quantitative and Qualitative Measurement
Instruments
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Sample Questions
Q1) The questionnaire item "Which is not a serious problem in the U.S.today,anomie or the socialization of the young?" violates which of the following guidelines?
A)Avoid double-barreled questions.
B)Avoid short items.
C)Avoid leading the respondent.
D)Avoid negative items.
Q2) When the variable "religious affiliation" is classified as Protestant,Catholic,or Jewish,this variable has the important quality of being A)mutually exclusive.
B)exhaustive.
C)interchangeable.
D)ratio scale.
Q3) The following exemplifies an improper way to ask a question: "Are you satisfied with this textbook and with your research instructor's teaching style?
A)True
B)False
Q4) Construct a brief questionnaire about an issue of interest to you that includes at least one contingency question.
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Chapter 10: Surveys
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Sample Questions
Q1) When follow-ups are planned with mail surveys,
A)the anonymity of respondents can no longer be guaranteed.
B)more thoughtful answers are usually provided by those who wait until the follow-up to respond.
C)response rates typically increase.
D)response bias can no longer be estimated.
Q2) Discuss the advantages of combining qualitative research methods with survey research methods.
Q3) Describe three research questions for which survey research is an appropriate technique of observation.Explain whether these three topics are better suited to an interview or a mailed questionnaire and why.
Q4) Which of the following is (are)an advantage of the community forum approach to needs assessment?
A)feasibility.
B)representativeness of sample.
C)It is unlikely to be influenced by those with vested interests.
D)Everyone is equally likely to express his or her views.
Q5) Describe five different approaches to needs assessment and their advantages and disadvantages.
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Chapter 11: Sampling: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cluster sampling is a useful sampling procedure for large populations that are geographically scattered.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following statements is true about availability sampling in quantitative studies?
A)It is too risky to ever yield results that can be of value.
B)It is very risky but can yield useful results in some instances.
C)Its risks are minimal.
D)None of these.
Q3) Sampling error can be reduced through an increase in the sample size of probability samples.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Drawing a purposive judgmental sample
A)allows researchers to use their prior knowledge about the topic.
B)enlists the aid of uninformed respondents.
C)results in a sample that has no researcher bias.
D)ensures a representative sample.
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Chapter 12: Experiments and Quasi-Experiments
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the elements of the class experimental design.Is this design especially useful in dealing with causal relationships? If yes,why? If not,why?
Q2) Suppose a new social casework program is offered to students with high levels of truancy.If those students placed in the program by their families have significantly less truancy after participating than the students who did not participate in the program,then we can conclude that
A)the program effectively reduces truancy.
B)a selection bias might explain away the difference.
C)causality cannot be inferred because of the lack of covariation.
D)some clients benefited, so the program has value.
Q3) The effectiveness of randomization in experimentation is affected by the number of participants involved.
A)True B)False
Q4) The problem of external validity refers to the generalizability of results. A)True B)False
Q5) Explain what is meant by internal and external validity.
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Chapter 13: Single Case Evaluation Designs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss why it is best to have as many measurement points as possible in a single-case design.
Q2) Multiple measurement points during baseline control for statistical regression.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Suppose our research methods cause the client to improve.This would be termed
A)unobtrusive observation.
B)reactivity.
C)social-desirability bias.
D)generalization of effects.
Q4) What would you infer from the following graph of the number of temper tantrums in an AB design?
\[\begin{array} { l l l l l l l l l l }
\text { Baseline: } 15 & 15 & 14 & 14 & 13 & 13 & 12 & 12 & 11 & 11 \\
\text { Intervention: } & 10 & 10 & 9 & 9 & 8 & 8 & 7 & 7 & 6
\end{array}\]
A)The intervention appears to be effective.
B)Maturation appears to be the most plausible explanation.
C)History appears to be the most plausible explanation.
D)Regression toward the mean appears to be the most plausible explanation.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Program Evaluation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Qualitative methods offer a number of techniques that on-site research staff members can use in attempting to observe research implementation pitfalls.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the utilization of program evaluation results?
A)They are less likely to be used if they contradict deeply held beliefs.
B)If the results are clear and have obvious policy implications, they will always be used.
C)They are less likely to be used when they threaten vested interests.
D)None of these; they are all true.
Q3) Identify and explain four practical pitfalls commonly encountered when carrying out experiments and quasi-experiments in social agencies.
Q4) Discuss how qualitative methods can be used to try to avoid or alleviate the pitfalls identified above in essay number 5.
Q5) Quantitative and qualitative methods can be combined in program evaluations.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Additional Methods in Qualitative Inquiry
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about focus groups?
A)The larger the number of participants, the better.
B)The group dynamics may bring out information that may not have emerged in individual interviews..
C)Representativeness is a common strength of this method.
D)The data that emerge are likely to be less voluminous and more systematic than structured survey data.
Q2) Qualitative researchers should NEVER participate as an actor in the events under study.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The standards for appraising the trustworthiness of qualitative research are the same regardless of one's epistemological paradigm.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain why blending the emic and etic perspectives is a challenging paradox.
Q5) Describe how grounded theory can be used in conjunction with ethnography.
Q6) Describe how grounded theory uses constant comparisons.
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Chapter 16: Analyzing Available Records: Quantitative and Qualitative Methods
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Sample Questions
Q1) Secondary analysis refers to the analysis of data collected by another researcher for a purpose similar to your research interests.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Professor Perlman from question 4 found that textbook A contained the word "he" 80 times,whereas textbook B contained it 20 times.In addition,textbook A used the word "chairman" 16 times,whereas textbook B used it only 4 times.Perlman was correct in concluding that
A)textbook A was four times as sexist as textbook B.
B)textbook B was one-fourth as sexist as textbook A.
C)the words "he" and "chairman" appeared four times more in textbook A than in textbook B.
D)all of these.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a limitation of secondary analysis?
A)Large chunks of data might be missing.
B)There might be no variation in a variable that you want to analyze.
C)Trends over time cannot be assessed.
D)The variable might have been defined in a way that does not match your definition of that variable.
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Quantitative Data Analysis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Suppose 100 clients referred for substance abuse problems receive new Intervention A and another receive treatment as usual (TAU).Suppose further that 20% of the recipients of Intervention A recidivate as compared to 50% of the TAU recipients.The odds ratio would be:
A)2.5.
B)4.0.
C).40.
D).20.
Q2) A research article reports that clients who received Intervention A had a 30% recidivism rate,while clients who received Intervention B had a 40% recidivism rate.What can be inferred from these statistics?
A)Intervention A is more effective than Intervention B.
B)The difference in recidivism rates was due to chance.
C)The difference in recidivism rates was NOT due to chance.
D)None of these.
Q3) The odds ratio shows how much more or less likely a certain dependent variable outcome is for the categories of the independent variable.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: Qualitative Data Analysis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Code notes:
A)Cover reflections about the dimensions of concepts
B)Cover relationships among concepts
C)Identify the code labels and their meanings
D)Discuss the deeper meanings of concepts
Q2) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding semiotic analysis?
A)There is no meaning inherent in any sign
B)Language is the only sign system of interest to those doing semiotic analysis
C)Meanings reside in minds
D)Semiotics is concerned with our agreements about meanings
Q3) The search for the intentional or unintentional meanings attached to signs is called semiotics.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Memoing is appropriate at several stages of data processing.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe how coding is used in qualitative analysis.
Q6) Describe the open coding process.
Q7) Describe how concept mapping is used in qualitative analysis.
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