Social Work and Human Behavior
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Social Work and Human Behavior examines the complex interplay between individuals, families, groups, and their social environments. The course integrates theories from psychology, sociology, and social work to better understand how people develop, adapt, and interact throughout their lifespan. Focusing on diversity, resilience, and the impact of factors such as culture, oppression, and social structures, students will learn how to apply theoretical frameworks to real-world practice. By exploring the biological, psychological, and social dimensions of human behavior, the course equips students with foundational knowledge for effective and ethical social work intervention.
Recommended Textbook
The Life Span Human Development for Helping Professionals 4th Edition by Patricia C. Broderick
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15 Chapters
532 Verified Questions
532 Flashcards
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2
Chapter 1: Organizing Themes in Developme
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Using Erikson's developmental theory as a framework,which of the following statements is an accurate representation of his ideas?
A)An individual cannot progress to a later stage unless the earlier stage has been resolved successfully and completely.
B)Successful progression through the stages of development depends upon effective resolution of the Oedipal crisis.
C)Successful resolution of a psychosocial crisis at each stage depends upon having more positive than negative experiences in the area of major concern.
D)Highly intelligent individuals can skip specific stages and make progress at a faster rate than other people.
Answer: C
Q2) Models of development which hold that change occurs as a continuous process are called
A)incremental models.
B)stage models.
C)multidimensional models.
D)information-processing models.
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Epigenesis and the Brain: the Fundamentals of Behavioral Development
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most postnatal brain growth depends upon the proliferation of A)synapses.
B)myelination.
C)neurotransmitters.
D)glial cells.
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is the best example of neuroplasticity?
A)Cells from the hippocampus are instrumental in encoding memories.
B)The 3-year-old's brain is approximately three-fourths of its adult size.
C)Fetal brains grow quickly,increasing in weight over the course of pregnancy.
D)Neurons that are transplanted from the auditory cortex to the visual cortex begin to perceive light.
Answer: D
Q3) Recessive,defective gene alleles can cause hereditary disorders.It is estimated that most
A)zero
B)three to five
C)hundreds of D)thousands of
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Cognitive Development in the Early
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following research techniques is an appropriate method for studying cognitive development of individuals during the sensorimotor period?
A)Habituation paradigm.
B)Survey method.
C)Semi-structured interview.
D)Conservation of matter tasks.
Answer: A
Q2) Based on what you have learned about language development,what advice would you give to new parents who are concerned about their child's literacy and later success in school?
A)Use flashcards of vocabulary words to increase vocabulary size.
B)Allow children to develop according to their own inner timetable,because all children eventually develop similar levels of vocabulary knowledge.
C)Children should have formal reading instruction beginning in preschool.
D)Parents and caregivers should provide lots of good quality language experience and practice by asking questions and elaborating on many topics of interest to their children.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Emotional Development in the Early Years
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Infants form multiple attachments,to both mother and father and perhaps to a sibling,grandparent,and so on.Which of the following statements is most consistent with available data on the impact of these attachments?
A)The primary attachment usually with the mother)is the only one that is predictive of later development.
B)The good effects of a secure attachment with one parent are canceled by the bad effects of an insecure attachment with the other parent.
C)More than one secure attachment adds value,serving as a further protective factor.
D)No data are available.
Q2) Bea is the mother of 4-month-old Alex.She has been depressed since Alex's birth and is frequently withdrawn.Brain research indicates that,in comparison to other infants his age,Alex will have
A)brain activation patterns resembling those of fearful and inhibited children.
B)nothing unusual about his brain activation patterns.
C)brain activation patterns indicating overall reduced activity.
D)more rapid brain development.
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6
Chapter 5: The Emerging Self and Socialization in the Early Years
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Surya wants 8-year-old Leila to start her homework.Leila doesn't want to turn off the TV.Surya raises her voice and threatens to take away Leila's TV privileges for a week if she doesn't comply.Surya enters the room and commands Leila to obey.Leila begins to wail,saying that the homework is too hard and that she never understands it anyway.At this point the phone rings.Surya gets absorbed in the call.Thirty minutes later,Leila is still watching TV and another battle ensues.Surya,exhausted from the struggle,take her to bed.This scenario is an example of which phenomenon?
A)Patterson's coercive family process.
B)Maccoby's authoritative parenting.
C)Baumrind's authoritarian parenting.
D)James' egocentric family process.
Q2) Discuss the relationship between child temperament and parent disciplinary style.,
Q3) The internalization of rules and standards of behavior is most closely associated with the
A)self-concept.
B)attachment.
C)intelligence.
D)conscience.
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Chapter 6: Realms of Cognition in Middle Childhood
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The concept of egocentrism has been introduced both to explain the limitations of cognitive development in the elementary school aged child and to explain the usual progress of friendship development.Define egocentrism.Summarize its role in cognitive functioning and in social interactive functioning for the elementary school aged child.,
Q2) NeoPiagetians are
A)psychologists who abandoned Piaget's model in favor of information processing theories.
B)applying Piaget's concepts to therapeutic interventions.
C)cognitive developmental theorists who incorporate ideas from Piaget and from information processing approaches into their theories.
D)cognitive developmental theorists who dismiss the ideas of information processing approaches and argue for a return to Piaget's original theoretical work.
Q3) Friendship,according to Selman,requires balancing
A)intimacy and autonomy.
B)conflict and harmony.
C)transforming and maintaining.
D)bullying and giving in.
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Chapter 7: Self and Moral Development: Middle Childhood
Through Early Adolescence
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Self-esteem has been mistakenly touted as the "holy grail" of mental health,and this has meant that
A)many preventive and remedial efforts have focused directly on improving low self-esteem.
B)many therapeutic approaches employ social cognitive strategies to improve social skills.
C)many therapists have focused too much on the importance of their own self-esteem.
D)preventative efforts have never embraced a "skills first" approach.
Q2) A "skills first" approach to mental health problems refers to an approach that
A)enhances self-esteem in order to bolster competence,because competence is seen as a by-product of feeling good.
B)emphasizes social skills over behavior management.
C)emphasizes competence before performance.
D)enhances competence in order to bolster self-esteem,because feeling good is seen as a by-product of doing well.
Q3) Develop a case study that reflects the development of an aggressive disorder.,
Q4) Should character education be taught in school? Identify the pros and cons of this strategy.,
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Gender and Peer Relationships: Middle
Childhood Through Early Adolescence
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Counselors working with young children should know that children as young as
A)3 years old
B)6 years old
C)9 years old
D)12 years old
Q2) Which of the following traits best characterizes popular children across a wide variety of cultures?
A)Self-effacing and shy.
B)Cautious and self-restrained.
C)Sociable and helpful.
D)Aggressive and sociable.
Q3) Tiffany is 3 years old.She knows that she is a girl,and she expects to be a girl tomorrow,but she does not understand that her gender is permanent.She believes that cutting her hair short could change her gender.Tiffany has ___________ but not
A)gender constancy / gender stability
B)gender stability / gender constancy
C)gender constancy / gender identity
D)gender identity / gender stability
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Physical,cognitive,and Identity Developments in Adolescence
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Yvonne is a 13-year-old 8<sup>th</sup> grader who is a new student in an urban middle school.She recently moved into the area with her mother and her three siblings.The family moved to be nearer to Yvonne's grandparents after the breakup of her parents' relationship.Yvonne is tall for her age and is bothered by the looks and sexual comments about her breasts from boys in her school.She has made few friends at the new school.What does this example illustrate about the ease of the adolescent transition for early-maturing girls like Yvonne?
A)Early-maturing girls are more likely to be admired by others and have higher self-esteem than late-maturing girls.
B)Early-maturing girls are more likely to be rejected by girls who are less mature.
C)Early-maturing girls are more confident about their sexuality than late-maturing girls.
D)Early-maturing girls are neither more confident nor more likely to be rejected than late-maturing girls.
Q2) Give three examples of adolescent egocentrism that might be apparent in a counseling situation with an adolescent.,
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Chapter 10: The Social World of Adolescence
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When peers and parents both support academics,adolescents tend to be successful students.When peers and parents are at odds on the importance or value of academics,which of the following is most often true according to research?
A)Parents' attitudes will always have the most influence on their adolescent child's academic performance.
B)Peers' attitudes are likely to have the most influence on the adolescent's academic performance.
C)There is no systematic relationship,sometimes peers are more influential,sometimes parents.
D)Parents' attitudes have more influence only when parents are warm and permissive.
Q2) Counselors need to be aware of social and cultural trends in adolescent behavior.For example,surveys of 8<sup>th</sup> to 12<sup>th</sup> graders in 2009-2011 showed that
A)teens' use of alcohol increased slightly.
B)teens' awareness of the risks of alcohol use has increased dramatically.
C)teens' use of alcohol has decreased dramatically.
D)alcohol and tobacco use by teens have both decreased.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Developments in Young
Adults
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Doug,Diana,Tyrone,Nidia and Louis all have different viewpoints on the evolution versus creationism debate.Tyrone reasons in Position 3 early multiplicity).Which of the following statements would be most illustrative of Tyrone's viewpoint?
A)God created the world.I don't know anything about evolution.
B)I believe that God created the world but some of my best friends don't believe this.I wonder if anyone knows for sure.
C)Evolution is the right answer because it's scientific.
D)It doesn't matter which one you believe in.
Q2) Donna runs a day care center.After many years of hard work,the business has grown and provides a steady income.Donna's daughter,Elaine,has asked Donna to give her a loan for a down payment on a business of her own.In order to provide this loan,Donna would have to cut expenses at the day care center,including reducing staff by at least two employees.Based on what you know about Donna,what is her stage of cognitive development according to Schaie's view of adult adjustment?
A)The fifth stage of cognitive development.
B)The acquisition stage
C)The achieving stage.
D)The executive stage.
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Chapter 12: Socioemotional and Vocational Developments in Young Adulthood
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the most important factor in helping young adults avoid a slide into poverty?
A)Education.
B)Religion.
C)Family size.
D)Avoiding delinquency.
Q2) Explain Erikson's concept of generativity.Which aspects of generativity seem to emerge in early adulthood and which aspects emerge in middle adulthood? What evidence is there for this developmental change? Page 438)
Q3) In studies of problem discussion and conflict management between partners,individuals with which type of attachment style are most likely to report feeling hostile and angry after a discussion session?
A)Avoidant.
B)Anxious-ambivalent.
C)Secure.
D)There are no differences.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Middle Adulthood: Cognitive, personality, and Social Development
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mark,a 47-year-old man,is very shy.He has difficulty interacting with others because he feels awkward and does not easily express his thoughts and feelings.He is a relatively successful artist who lives alone in a rural Southern state.Mark also remembers being very shy as a child.Which of the following is not a likely explanation for the continuity of Mark's personality over his life span?
A)Mark's early temperamental shyness was influenced by his genes.
B)Mark's parents did not try to make him more outgoing.
C)Mark selected a job which reinforced his temperamental characteristics.
D)Mark's early temperament and his later personality traits are moderately correlated.
Q2) What can you reliably predict about normal age-related changes in cognitive functioning in middle adulthood?
A)Most people will have difficulty remembering events in their past life.
B)Most people will have difficulty paying attention to work tasks.
C)Most people need to take a little more time when solving complex problems.
D)Most people become more impulsive when it comes to decision-making.
Q3) Describe the factors that promote stability in adult life and those that promote change.,
Q4) Compare and contrast Erikson's view of midlife with that of Vaillant.,
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Living Well: Stress, coping, and Life Satisfaction in Adulthood
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Marquita sees the universe as a product of intelligent planning.She believes that the creation of the universe,of life,and of human beings has a purpose even if that purpose is not accessible to her.Marquita's philosophy of the universe and its underlying plan is an example of
A)situational meaning.
B)global meaning.
C)eudaemonic well-being.
D)psychological well-being.
Q2) Spirituality and religiosity
A)are the same thing.
B)are concerned with the search for the sacred.
C)both involve an affiliation with a covenant faith community.
D)both create a social identity.
Q3) Psychological stressors operate on the immune system in much the same way as A)cytokines.
B)sleep.
C)endorphins.
D)infectious agents.
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Chapter 15: Gains and Losses in Late Adulthood
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) "The reminiscence bump" refers to
A)the large number of stereotypes about older people rambling on about their lives.
B)the large number of autobiographical memories that are retained from the late adolescent through early adult period.
C)the large number of autobiographical memories that are retained from the most recent past,even for elderly people.
D)the increase in medical expenses experienced by most people after age 65.
Q2) When Francesca,age 62,discovered that her retirement plan had suffered losses in the stock market,she realized that she would not be able to retired within the next year as she had expected to do.Francesca began to spend a great deal of time ruminating about her situation,especially about how sad she was that this problem had arisen after she had worked so hard all of her life.Which of the following is an accurate description of Francesca's coping at this point?
A)She is using a problem-focused mechanism.
B)She is using an emotion-focused mechanism.
C)She is using a primary control strategy.
D)She is using no coping strategy.
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