Social Problems
Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
This course critically examines a range of contemporary social problems affecting individuals, communities, and societies on both local and global scales. Students will explore issues such as poverty, crime, inequality, racism, environmental challenges, substance abuse, and healthcare disparities. Emphasizing sociological theories and research, the course encourages students to analyze the root causes, consequences, and potential solutions to these problems. Through case studies, discussions, and critical reflection, students gain a deeper understanding of how social problems are constructed, maintained, and addressed in various social contexts.
Recommended Textbook Marriages and Families 8th Edition by
Nijole V. Benokraitis
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16 Chapters
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Chapter 1: he Changing Family
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Q1) The family into which a person is adopted or raised is called the family of
A) orientation
B) procreation
C) emplacement
D) origin
Answer: A
Q2) Frank believes that most people who live in the United States speak English.However, Charlie argues that the number of people who are speaking other languages has risen in the past few decades.Provide an explanation which is likely to support Charlie's view. Answer: Many people stereotype the United States as a single-language and single-culture society.In reality, it's the most multicultural country in the world: Diversity is booming, ethnic groups speak many languages, and foreign-born families live in all the states.U.S.residents speak approximately 336 languages.
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3
Chapter 2: Studying the Family
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Q1) Robert is a husband, a grandfather, a brother, a son, and an uncle.These are examples of Robert's ________.
A) roles
B) achieved status
C) symbols
D) shared meanings
Answer: A
Q2) The ________ consists of the settings or events which people do not experience directly, but which can affect their development.
A) microsystem
B) exosystem
C) macrosystem
D) mesosystem
Answer: B
Q3) Which of the following is an example of secondary data?
A) documenting interactions between couples
B) diaries
C) observing the behavior of children
D) group interviews
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: The Family in Historical Perspective
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Q1) How did the family structure evolve from the 1970s?
Answer: In the 1970s, families had lower birth rates and higher divorce rates compared with the 1950s and 1960s, and larger numbers of women entered colleges and graduate schools.In the 1980s, more people over age 25 postponed marriage, and many who were already married delayed having children.Out-of-wedlock births, especially among teenage girls, declined in the late 1990s, began to climb in 2006, and the number of one-parent households increased dramatically.The number of two-income families burgeoned, along with the number of adult children who continued to live at home with their parents because of financial difficulties.
Q2) Kate is a homosexual.If she was born in the golden fifties, she would most likely to have been ________.
A) accepted without discrimination
B) popular and looked upon
C) imprisoned as an offender
D) forced to keep it a secret
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Racial and Ethnic Families: Strengths and Stresses
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Q1) Prejudice differs from discrimination in that prejudice ________.
A) is an attitude that prejudges people in a negative way
B) is behavior that treats people unequally or unfairly
C) is more harmful than discrimination
D) encompasses all sorts of actions, ranging from social slights to racially motivated hate crimes
Q2) Marriage in Middle Eastern families is ________.
A) usually based on the western concept of romantic love
B) often arranged or semi-arranged
C) initiated by young adults without parental approval
D) usually exogamous
Q3) Write a note on the health and economic well-being of Asian Americans.
Q4) Discuss gender roles within Asian American families.
Q5) What are the strengths of the Latino American family system?
Q6) A(n)________ group has both distinctive physical and cultural characteristics.
A) racial
B) ethnic
C) racial-ethnic
D) dominant group
Q7) What are some benefits of immigration? Page 6
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Page 7
Chapter 5: Socialization and Gender Roles
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Q1) Ethan is the proprietor of a clothing retail company.He believes that men are better workers and prefers to hire only men.He often rejects highly qualified female candidates without deliberation.Based on the feminist theory, what attitude is Ethan demonstrating?
Q2) Explain the difference between maintenance work and conversational dominance.
Q3) ________ refers to people's unequal access to wealth, power, status, opportunity, and other valued resources because of their sex.
A) Gender stratification
B) Status accentuation
C) Gender classification
D) Economic differentiation
Q4) Which of the following is true about gender roles?
A) They are determined through interactions with the society.
B) They are determined by people's genes.
C) They are innate and unchangeable.
D) They are the biological characteristics of people.
Q5) Explain gender identity with the help of an example.
Q6) Explain with illustrations why sociobiological explanations are controversial.
Q7) Explain gender script.
Q8) Illustrate the cognitive development theory with the help of an example.
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Chapter 6: Love and Loving Relationships
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Q1) According to sociologist John Lee, which style of love is characterized by obsessiveness, possessiveness, and intense dependency?
A) storge
B) eros
C) mania
D) ludus
Q2) Trisha's husband was imprisoned for a period of 20 years.She visited him every week throughout the duration of his imprisonment and professed her love for him.Despite having several other suitors, she remained faithful to her husband.Trisha's love for her husband is an example of the ________ style of love.
A) ludus
B) agape
C) pragma
D) eros
Q3) ________ refers to marrying outside an acceptable group.
A) Endogamy
B) Henogamy
C) Heterogamy
D) Homogamy
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Page 9
Chapter 7: Sexuality and Sexual Expression throughout Life
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Q1) Which of the following is an accurate statement about marital sex?
A) Sexual frequency tends to increase as people age.
B) Marital sexual frequency can decrease because of nonsexual problems.
C) Sex is especially unsatisfying if both spouses believe in terms of the social exchange theory.
D) Low sexual satisfaction is associated with high marital stability.
Q2) Which of the following is a similarity between transsexuals and intersexuals?
A) They are classified as bisexuals and are attracted to people of both sexes.
B) They are two of the most predominant sexual orientations worldwide.
C) They don't conform to the sexes that were assigned to them at birth.
D) They have a fear of homosexuality.
Q3) Which of the following is true of sexual identity?
A) It is a unidimensonal concept.
B) It focuses on psychological instead of biological components.
C) It refers to an awareness of ourselves as male or female.
D) It emphasizes physiological aspects rather than sociological aspects.
Q4) How does gendered sexual scripts increase women's hypersexualization? Illustrate with the help of examples.
Q5) Discuss the interpersonal and structural reasons why people have sex for the first time.
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Chapter 8: Choosing Others: Dating and Mate Selection
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Q1) Which of the following is true of quinceañera?
A) It is a cultural rite conducted for both girls and boys.
B) A girl is allowed to date boys until a quinceañera is conducted.
C) It is conducted on a girl's fifteenth birthday.
D) It is a traditional date which prevailed until the 1970s.
Q2) Which of the following is true of date violence?
A) It tends to occur primarily when youth experience extensive parenting.
B) It is most common among youth who had poor relationships with their parents.
C) Adopting traditional attitudes about gender roles reduces the likelihood of date violence.
D) It is more likely to be undertaken by individuals who did not witness adult violence in their childhood.
Q3) Which of the following is true regarding the use of personal classified advertisements to find dating partners?
A) In the 1960s, they were a widely socially acceptable way to find a mate.
B) They are the most expensive strategy of finding partners.
C) They first appeared in the late 19th century.
D) They first appeared in newspapers and later in magazines.
Q4) What are stayovers? What are some of its advantages?
Q5) What are some of the benefits of speed dating?
Page 11
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Chapter 9: Singlehood, Cohabitation, Civil Unions, and Other Options
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Q1) Which of the following is true of the difference between men and women with regard to postponing marriage?
A) Men's median age at first marriage is more than that of women.
B) Women's median age at first marriage since 1960 has decreased when compared to men.
C) More men than women choose to live alone.
D) From a historical perspective, the present tendency to delay marriage has been the norm for women when compared to men.
Q2) How do Asian women differ from their Latina counterparts?
A) Asian women have lower cohabitation rates than Latinas.
B) Foreign-born Asian women have higher cohabitation rates than U.S.-born Latinas.
C) Higher percentage of Asian American women are single than their Latina counterparts.
D) Lesser percentage of Asian American women are married than their Latina counterparts.
Q3) Explain two areas of conflict that gay and lesbian couples face.
Q4) Briefly explain why singles are postponing marriage.
Q5) Briefly explain two reasons why Americans choose to live alone.
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Chapter 10: Marriage and Communication in Intimate Relationships
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Q1) Briefly describe any two latent reasons for marriage.
Q2) ________ refers to whether each partner sees the marriage as a good one.
A) Marital satisfaction
B) Marital constancy
C) Marital stability
D) Marital recognition
Q3) Which of the following is a similarity between vital and total marriages?
A) In both vital and total marriages, spouses spend time together more out of obligation than love.
B) In both vital and total marriages, spouses thrive on their incompatibility and believe that feuding is an acceptable way to try to solve problems.
C) In both vital and total marriages, spouses have fewer expectations from each other and lead fairly independent lives.
D) In both vital and total marriages, spouses participate in each other's lives and share many facets of their lives.
Q4) Briefly describe marital stability and marital satisfaction.
Q5) Explain the self-disclosure concept.
Q6) Briefly describe a passive-congenial marriage.
Page 13
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Chapter 11: To Be or Not to Be a Parent: More Choices, More
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Q1) Which of the following is a micro-level reason why people postpone childbearing?
A) the fear of being a single, working mom
B) the rise in divorce rates across all populations of the country
C) the difficulty in finding a suitable job to sustain a family
D) the lack of a national child care program
Q2) Due to her husband's infertility, Lily had to opt for a medical procedure in which she was fertilized with a donor's sperm while she was ovulating.In this scenario, Lily is undergoing ________.
A) caesarean section
B) surrogacy
C) fertility drugging
D) artificial insemination
Q3) Explain three macro-level factors that affect birthrates.
Q4) Which of the following is true of infertility?
A) Men are more likely than women to be infertile.
B) Women are more likely than men to be infertile.
C) About one-fourth of infertility cases are diagnosed as having idiopathic infertility.
D) Infertility affects about 50 percent of all couples of reproductive age.
Q5) Explain three micro-level factors that contribute to postponed marriages.
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Chapter 12: Raising Children: Promises and Pitfalls
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Q1) Raymond, a researcher, is conducting a study on child development.After observing several infants, he finds that parental conflicts have no effect on babies as they are too young to understand.Which of the following, if true, would weaken Raymond's argument?
A) Babies understand the facial expressions of people around them and react accordingly.
B) Many gifted children don't recognize or develop their skills until adolescence.
C) A baby's early achievements-such as reaching, sitting, crawling, or talking-are rarely good indicators of intelligence.
D) Babies are oblivious to parental yelling because they are at a development stage when they are only aware of their physiological needs.
Q2) The parenting style in which both parental control and parental support are high is ________ parenting.
A) authoritative
B) authoritarian
C) permissive
D) uninvolved
Q3) In what ways are low-SES families different from high-SES families?
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Chapter 13: The Economy and Family Life
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Q1) A limitation of the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 is that ________.
A) it does not cover childbirth or parental leave
B) the leave should be taken all at once
C) the leave is unpaid
D) it does not require employees to notify the employer about the leave
Q2) Which of the following is a difference between dual-earner and dual-career couples?
A) In dual-earner couples, both partners work in positions that involve ongoing professional growth whereas in dual-career couples, only one partner works in such a position.
B) In dual-career couples, both partners work in positions that require long-term commitment whereas in dual-earner couples, partners may or may not work in such positions.
C) In dual-earner couples, both partners work in managerial positions whereas in dual-career couples, both partners work in non-managerial positions.
D) In dual-career couples, partners are less qualified to perform their jobs than partners in dual-earner couples.
Q3) How does the Department of Agriculture determine the poverty threshold?
Q4) What is globalization? Explain with the help of an example.
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Chapter 14: Domestic Violence and Other Family Health
Issues
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Q1) Throwing objects, pushing, grabbing, hitting, beating, and choking are types of
A) physical abuse
B) emotional abuse
C) sexual abuse
D) carnal abuse
Q2) Sophia, a home-maker, has an abusive husband.However, despite the abuse, Sophia continues to stay with him as she believes that the financial rewards outweigh a "few beatings." This scenario is an illustration of the ________ theory.
A) social exchange
B) learning
C) feminist
D) supply
Q3) According to ________, male aggression against women and children is common in patriarchal societies in which men have power, status, and privilege.
A) social learning theories
B) resource theories
C) feminist theories
D) social exchange theories
Page 17
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Chapter 15: Separation, Divorce, Remarriage, and Stepfamilies
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Q1) A court-mandated ruling regarding which divorced parent will have the primary responsibility for the children's upbringing is known as ________.
A) an indictment
B) alimony
C) custody
D) a litigation
Q2) Harry and Jessica move back in together after separating for a brief period.Harry's father tells him that he is experiencing a midseparation and that he doubts that it would last.Which of the following is an accurate statement that will strengthen the father's argument?
A) Couples get influenced by their parents or peers negativity which causes them to split again.
B) Couples that undergo pseudo-reconciliation rarely stay together for long.
C) Couples must learn to live as singles again.
D) Couples get overwhelmed with individual responsibilities and reconcile under the pressure.
Q3) List out a few characteristics of successful stepfamilies.
Q4) List and discuss the different types of stepfamilies.
Q5) Discuss the difficulties that are encountered in a same-sex divorce.
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Chapter 16: Families in Later Life
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Q1) In the ________ style of caregiving, siblings provide services to their parents at their convenience.
A) disassociated
B) sporadic
C) contingent
D) backup
Q2) Jack's grandfather has started leaving his things in awkward places.At times, he asks Jack over and over again where he is.He misplaces his money and doesn't remember payments that he has already made.Jack's grandfather is showing symptoms of ________.
A) Alzheimer's disease
B) schizophrenia
C) Parkinson's disease
D) dyslexia
Q3) ________ is the loss of mental abilities that most commonly occurs late in life.
A) Depression
B) Dementia
C) Schizophrenia
D) Dyslexia
Q4) Discuss the five groups of siblings in later life.
Page 19
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