Sensation and Perception Practice Questions
Course Introduction
Sensation and Perception explores the foundational processes by which humans detect and interpret information from the environment. The course examines the physiological mechanisms of the sensory systems such as vision, hearing, taste, smell, and touch and the psychological processes involved in organizing and interpreting sensory data. Topics include sensory receptor functions, neural pathways, perceptual organization, illusions, and the influence of attention, experience, and context on perception. By combining theory, experimental findings, and practical examples, this course provides students with a comprehensive understanding of how we experience the world through our senses.
Recommended Textbook
Sensation and Perception 9th Edition by E. Bruce Goldstein
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15 Chapters
750 Verified Questions
750 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Perception
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49 Verified Questions
49 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The specific term for the "stimulus on the receptors" in visual processing is the
A) transduced image.
B) environmental stimulus.
C) visual image.
D) perception.
Answer: C
Q2) The process of transforming energy in the environment into electrical energy in the neurons is called
A) refraction.
B) transduction.
C) reduction.
D) construction.
Answer: A
Q3) ________ processing is based on the stimuli reaching the receptors.
A) Bottom-up
B) Oblique
C) Top-down
D) Receptor
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Beginnings of Perception
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59 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Convergence results in _________ sensitivity and _______ acuity.
A) increased; increased
B) increased; decreased
C) decreased; decreased
D) decreased; increased
Answer: B
Q2) Synaptic vesicles contain chemicals called _________ that are released across the synapse to the next neuron.
A) electrolytyes
B) collagens
C) neurotransmitters
D) glial cells
Answer: C
Q3) _______ reacts to light to start the process of transduction.
A) Opsin
B) Retinal
C) Choroid
D) Thyric acid
Answer: B
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Neural Processing and Perception
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46 Verified Questions
46 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most of the signals travel from the retina to the ______ via the optic nerve.
A) temporal cortex
B) lateral geniculate nucleus
C) the superior colliculus
D) the visual homunculus
Answer: B
Q2) The gray intersections in the Hermann Grid
A) are physically present.
B) are explained by dark adaptation.
C) support the claim that "perception is not the same as the physical stimulus."
D) are best explained by feature detectors.
Answer: C
Q3) An advantage of ___________coding of visual object representation is that a large number of stimuli can be signaled by a few neurons.
A) specificity
B) distributed
C) extrastriate
D) retinal
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Cortical Organization
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the methods, results, and conclusions of Gauthier et al.'s "Greeble" research.
Q2) Prosopagnosia is
A) the difficulty recognizing familiar faces.
B) due to damage to the parietal lobe.
C) due to damage to the MT cortex.
D) the inability to detect movement.
Q3) ________ is a brain imaging technique that tracks blood flow in the brain using magnetic fields. This tracking is possible because hemoglobin has magnetic properties.
A) FMRI
B) ablation
C) ERP
D) PET scan
Q4) The EBA is activated by
A) pictures of houses and other manmade structures.
B) pictures of body parts.
C) direct eye gaze from another individual.
D) tasks that require spatial information.
Q5) Describe how an object such as a tree is represented in the striate cortex.
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Chapter 5: Perceiving Objects and Scenes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jimmy looks at a picture of a side of a submarine that has dents and bumps on it. When he turns the picture upside-down, what he originally perceived as bumps, now look like dents, and vice versa. This is due to
A) figure-ground reversal.
B) the oblique effect.
C) accidental properties of light.
D) the "light-from-above" heuristic.
Q2) Wundt: _________ :: Wertheimer: _____________.
A) structuralism; Gestalt psychology
B) Gestalt psychology; structuralism
C) functionalism; structuralism
D) psychophysics; metaphysics
Q3) Tong et al. (1998) used binocular rivalry to test brain responses when the person perceived a house or a face. When the person perceived the house, activity in the _____ increased.
A) activity in the PPA increased.
B) activity in the FFA increased.
C) activity in the PPA and the FFA increased.
D) activity in the PPA and the FFA decreased.
Q4) Name and describe five "global image features".
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Visual Attention
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Sample Questions
Q1) Kelly is participating in an attention study. She is asked to fixate on a cross in the middle of the screen and watch for a word to appear in place of the cross. When the word appears she is using ______ attention to perceive it.
A) indirect
B) overt
C) covert
D) focused
Q2) One aspect of the visual system that helps us select specific information from the environment for processing is
A) the optic nerve.
B) the concentration of cones in the fovea.
C) the blind spot.
D) the prevalence of amacrine cells in the peripheral retina.
Q3) The spreading enhancement effect of attention can help us perceive
A) occluded objects.
B) the oblique effect.
C) grating stimuli.
D) illusory conjunctions.
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8
Chapter 7: Taking Action
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not one of the proposed functions of mirror neurons?
A) Predicting others' intentions.
B) Facilitate the binding of information sources.
C) Understand the meaning of sentences.
D) Aids interpretation of facial expressions.
Q2) MST neurons that respond to flow
A) tend not to be motion-selective, but are orientation sensitive.
B) are found primarily in the ventral stream.
C) can be selective to outward-expanding or circular motions.
D) have not been found in the monkey brain.
Q3) The ecological approach was developed by A) J.J. Gibson.
B) David Marr.
C) Max Wertheimer.
D) Ronald Rensink.
Q4) Information that remains constant even though the observer is moving is called A) flow gradient.
B) texture gradient.
C) penumbra constants.
D) invariant information.
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Chapter 8: Perceiving Motion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pack and Born (2001) found that the combining of responses from V1 cells occurs after about ______ after presentation of the moving bars.
A) 1 msec
B) 20 msec
C) 140 msec
D) 900 msec
Q2) The vertigo case of R.W. not only provided evidence for the corollary discharge theory, it revealed the importance of the______ in producing CDS.
A) MT area
B) PPA
C) STS
D) MST area
Q3) Which of the following is not a signal used posited in the Corollary Discharge Theory?
A) Image displacement signal
B) Ciliary signal
C) Motor signal
D) Corollary discharge signal
Q4) Review the evidence for the physiological basis of perceiving biological motion.
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Chapter 9: Perceiving Color
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Sample Questions
Q1) The wavelength distributions from a light bulb and from sunlight are A) exactly the same.
B) different, with the light bulb distribution having much higher amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
C) different, with the light bulb distribution having much higher amounts of energy at short wavelengths.
D) different, with the sunlight distribution having much higher amounts of energy at long wavelengths.
Q2) The trichromatic theory of color vision states that color perception is due to
A) the pattern of activity in four different receptors.
B) the activity pattern in the occipital, parietal, and temporal cortical lobes.
C) the pattern of activity in three different receptors.
D) processing in layers 1,2, and 3 in the LGN.
Q3) The trichromatic theory of color vision is also known as the _________ theory.
A) Seurat-Signac
B) Hering
C) Young-Helmholtz
D) Young-Adhart
Q4) Evaluate Newton's claim that the light "rays are not coloured."
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Chapter 10: Perceiving Depth and Size
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52 Verified Questions
52 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In their study on infant use of familiar size as depth cue, Granrud et al. used ________ as the stimuli, and ________ as the dependent measure.
A) objects of different sizes; reaching
B) photographs of fruit bowls; sucking rate
C) mobiles; eye movements
D) photographs of stuffed animals; eye movements
Q2) Gregory's misapplied size constancy scaling explanation of the Muller-Lyer illusion
A) has difficulty in explaining the "dumbbell" version of the illusion.
B) can easily explain three-dimensional versions of the illusion.
C) is incompatible with the size-distance scaling equation.
D) has been unchallenged as the only viable explanation of the illusion.
Q3) A ________ is able to make use of binocular disparity, because it has _______ eyes.
A) rabbit; frontal
B) rabbit; lateral
C) cat; frontal
D) monkey; lateral
Q4) Describe the differences in how depth is perceived in cats, insects, and bats.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Hearing
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50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When listening to music, which of the following methods will help ensure you hear all of the frequencies represented in the piece?
A) Hold volume constant throughout the piece.
B) Turn the volume down (e.g., 20 dB) so the music is quiet.
C) Turn the volume up (e.g., 80 dB) so the music is loud.
D) Play white noise in the background to allow better discrimination.
Q2) The base of the basilar membrane is
A) the same width as the apex of the basilar membrane.
B) wider than at the apex of the basilar membrane.
C) narrower than at the apex of the basilar membrane.
D) more flexible than at the apex of the basilar membrane.
Q3) The outer hair cells respond to sound by slightly tilting and changing length. Because of the consequence of this, the action of the outer hair cells is called the A) the tuning response.
B) the cochlear amplifier.
C) phase lock mechanism.
D) the traveling wave.
Q4) Define loudness, pitch and timbre and relate each to the physical sound stimulus.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Auditory Localization and Organization
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hofmann et al. had participants wear artificial pinnae for about three weeks. Which of the following was a result of their study?
A) Participants could not adapt to wearing the artificial pinnae.
B) Participants adapted in about 19 days, but then could not accurately localize sounds when they removed the artificial pinnae.
C) Participants adapted in about 19 days, and then could accurately localize sounds when they removed the artificial pinnae.
D) Participants could not localize sounds along the azimuth with the new pinnae, but could localize sounds along the elevation coordinate after 3 days of adapatation.
Q2) In the precedence effect, the sound from the far speaker
A) does not contribute to the perception of the sound.
B) only helps sound localization if the time difference is less than 5 milliseconds.
C) only helps sound localization if the time difference is less than 2 milliseconds.
D) contributes to the richness of the sound.
Q3) Define visual capture and give examples of this concept.
Q4) What is "melody schema"? Discuss the support for this concept.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Speech Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Saffron et al. (1996) found that 8-month-old infants listened to ______ test stimuli longer, providing evidence that infants are capable of __________ learning.
A) whole word; vicarious
B) whole word; transitional probability
C) part word; statistical
D) part word; formal operational
Q2) The research by Rivera-Gaxiola on the effect of Spanish speech sounds on the electrical potentials of American infants shows that speech perception involves A) experience-dependent plasticity.
B) the genetic basis to speech perception.
C) the genetic basis for speech production.
D) multimodal stimulation.
Q3) Discuss two sources of the variability problem. Provide examples for each.
Q4) What is the McGurk effect? What evidence exists for the physiological basis for this effect?
Q5) Discuss the methods and results of two studies of the phonemic restoration effect.
Q6) Discuss what information is used by listeners to accomplish speech segmentation.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: The Cutaneous Senses
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Sample Questions
Q1) The receptive fields of cortical S1 neurons are
A) larger for the fingers than for the forearm.
B) larger for the fingers than for the hand.
C) smaller for the fingers than the forearm.
D) the same size for the fingers as for the hand.
Q2) The Meissner corpuscle is associated with A) sensing vibrations.
B) sensing fine texture.
C) controlling handgrip.
D) sensing fine details.
Q3) Name and discuss the differences between the four types of mechanoreceptors.
Q4) In most of our daily experience of touch, we are using A) passive touch.
B) active touch.
C) two-point touch.
D) two-hand touch.
Q5) Explain how haptic exploration is used to identify objects.
Q6) Discuss research by Osborn and Derbyshire (2010) and Singer et al. (2004) that demonstrate how social situations can affect pain perception.
Q7) Describe the basic principles of the gate-control model of pain.
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Chapter 15: The Chemical Senses
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54 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following compounds had the same flavor whether or not the person's nose was clamped to prevent olfaction?
A) sodium oleate
B) ferrous sodium
C) MSG
D) all of these are all affected by clamping the nostrils
Q2) Discuss the research on odor identification. Relate Goldstein's anecdote about smelling "Aquavit" to odor identification (or better yet, describe a similar situation that happened in your life).
Q3) ____ tastes cause an autonomic acceptance response and prepares the gastrointestinal tract for these substances.
A) Bitter
B) Sweet
C) Sour
D) Umami
Q4) Describe the Proust effect and provide a physiological explanation for its occurrence.
Q5) What is the difference between tasters and non-tasters? What is the proposed cause(s) for this difference?
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