Course Introduction
Psychology 101 Study Guide Questions
Psychology 101 provides an introduction to the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Covering foundational theories, key figures, and essential concepts in the field, this course explores topics such as perception, learning, memory, motivation, emotion, personality, and psychological disorders. Students will also learn about the various methods psychologists use to conduct research, analyze data, and apply psychological principles to everyday life. By the end of the course, students will gain a deeper understanding of themselves and others, as well as an appreciation for how psychology influences science, society, and culture.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology Core Concepts 7th Edition by Philip
G. Zimbardo
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14 Chapters
2619 Verified Questions
2619 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Mind, Behavior, and Psychological Science
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166 Verified Questions
166 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Wilhelm Wundt founded the A) notion of free will.
B) approach of radical behaviorism.
C) psychodynamic approach.
D) first psychology laboratory.
E) first therapy clinic.
Answer: D
Q2) Correlation does not mean
A) quantification.
B) experimentation.
C) standardization.
D) causation.
E) covariation.
Answer: D
Q3) Explain what is involved in a correlational study and why such studies are sometimes performed instead of experiments. Describe several drawbacks to correlational studies.
Answer: Correlational studies are like experiments that have already occurred in the real world
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Biopsychology, Neuroscience, and Human Nature
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162 Verified Questions
162 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Genes are composed of smaller molecular units called A) chromosomes.
B) peptides.
C) nucleotides.
D) genotypes.
E) phenotypes.
Answer: C
Q2) ________ form the body's two communication systems.
A) The left and right hemispheres of the brain
B) The dendrites and the axons
C) The nervous system and the endocrine system
D) Genetics and the environment
E) Reflexes and controlled behavior
Answer: C
Q3) When you walk on a balance beam, which neural structure helps you maintain your equilibrium?
Answer: cerebellum
Q4) Damage to the __________ of the brain can result in problems with spatial orientation.
Answer: right hemisphere
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Chapter 3: Sensation and Perception
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174 Verified Questions
174 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The frequency of a sound wave determines how high or low the sound sounds, a quality known as
A) tone.
B) amplitude.
C) pitch.
D) gigahertz.
E) timbre.
Answer: C
Q2) The place in the retina where the axons of all the ganglion cells come together to leave the eye is called the A) fovea.
B) blind spot.
C) optic chiasm.
D) optic nerve.
E) optic vitreous.
Answer: B
Q3) The process of __________ associates meaning with incoming sensory stimuli. Answer: perception
Q4) Visible light occupies only a tiny segment of the __________ spectrum. Answer: electromagnetic
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Chapter 4: Learning and Human Nurture
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221 Verified Questions
221 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) John Watson and Rosalie Rayner conducted their classic study of conditioned fear with an infant known as __________.
Q2) You spend days wandering aimlessly around a park with many different paths that end at different parts of the park. One day when you arrive at the park you get a call on your cell phone from your cousin whom you haven't seen for years, and she says she is waiting for you in a particular section of the park. Even though the paths are complicated and twisted, you manage to find the shortest route to your cousin. Tolman would explain your efficient passage through the park as an example of
A) spontaneous recovery.
B) insight.
C) the formation of a cognitive map.
D) unconscious trial-and-error imagery.
E) the learning-performance distinction.
Q3) Cognitive learning is best described by all of the following EXCEPT:
A) became the dominant perspective at the end of the 20th century
B) learning involves insight
C) big names include Tolman and Bandura
D) the learner ignores useful information from stimuli
E) inferences are made about mental processes that are not directly observable
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Memory
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196 Verified Questions
196 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Shalissa has two exams today. One is in French and the other is in history. Last night she studied French before history. When she gets to her history test, all she can remember is French! Shalissa's memory is suffering from A) cue-dependent forgetting.
B) proactive interference.
C) decay.
D) retroactive interference .
E) encoding specificity.
Q2) Name and discuss the various types of long-term memories.
Q3) Micah is trying to remember the specific route he took to the library the night before. What part of working memory is he accessing?
A) the articulatory loop Incorect. The articulatory loop is the part of working memory that deals with immediate auditory information.
B) the sketchpad
C) the internal executive
D) the control sequence
E) the central rehearsal strategem
Q4) Explain the difference between the two forms of rehearsal.
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Chapter 6: Thinking and Intelligence
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180 Verified Questions
180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Suppose Maria's mental age is 20 and her chronological age is 10. What is her IQ?
A) 320
B) 80
C) 200
D) 100
E) 120
Q2) The concept of the confirmation bias specifically assumes that we are most likely to believe
A) the scientific method as true.
B) information that agrees with our thinking.
C) information that refutes our thinking.
D) logical thinking.
E) mental sets.
Q3) Researchers typically stress that a key aspect of intelligence is
A) the ability to speak different languages.
B) the Y chromosome.
C) the ability to reason and acquire knowledge.
D) only accurate for males.
E) creativity.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Development Over the Lifespan
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204 Verified Questions
204 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A key research interest in developmental psychology is to
A) trace the evolution of the human race.
B) identify the biochemical processes involved in thought.
C) determine how organisms change over time.
D) predict adult behavior.
E) study the effects of genetic mutations on behavior.
Q2) Psycholinguist Noam Chomsky refers to the innate speech-enabling mental structure which helps children learn language as a ________.
Q3) Brad is 18 and is looking into career options. He is currently deciding whether he wants to become a gourmet chef or a race car driver. Brad is at what stage of Erik Erikson's psychosocial development?
A) integrity versus despair
B) intimacy versus isolation
C) generativity versus stagnation
D) identity versus role confusion
E) industry versus inferiority
Q4) Name a benefit of regular sexual practice for the elderly.
Q5) What changes can a person expect as they age beyond their 60s?
Q6) Describe the sensory and reflexive abilities and preferences of an infant.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: States of Consciousness
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198 Verified Questions
198 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The occurrence of daytime sleep attacks is a symptom of A) sleep paralysis.
B) narcolepsy.
C) insomnia.
D) daytime sleepiness.
E) sleep apnea.
Q2) Ecstasy is a psychoactive drug of the ________ class.
A) opiate
B) hallucinogen
C) stimulant
D) cannabis
E) depressant
Q3) Which device would a sleep researcher use to monitor a sleeping person's brain waves?
A) electromyograph (EMG)
B) electrocardiograph (EKG)
C) electro-oculograph (EOG)
D) electroencephalograph (EEG)
E) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
Q4) What metaphor did Freud use for consciousness?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Emotion and Motivation
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187 Verified Questions
187 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bill has felt isolated and an like "outsider" since coming to college for his freshman year. As a result, he decided to rush a fraternity and was very excited when he was selected to pledge. According to Maslow, Bill may be attempting to meet the need of A) freedom.
B) belonging.
C) transcendence.
D) physiology.
E) power.
Q2) Women are more likely than men to show emotional disturbances in ________ and ________.
A) emotional arousal; anger
B) panic disorder; depression
C) fear; loathing
D) self-discipline; happiness
E) alcohol addiction; intense shyness
Q3) Students with a high ________ are likely to strive harder to achieve good grades when the class is especially difficult.
Q4) In order, name the four phases that Masters and Johnson found in the human sexual response cycle.
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Chapter 10: Personality: Theories of the Whole Person
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212 Verified Questions
212 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Buck watches as Janet trips. Buck assumes this occurred because Janet is a klutz (rather than thinking it was because the sidewalk was filled with gravel). Buck has committed the _______ error?
A) stereotyping
B) fundamental attribution
C) labeling
D) validity
E) reliability
Q2) The Freudian concept of ________ refers to the part of personality responsible for the appropriate channeling of drives.
A) id
B) ego
C) superego
D) libido
E) unconscious
Q3) Your personal explanation for how and why people behave the way they do has been called your __________ personality theory.
Q4) Name and describe any two personality tests. Tell what they measure and how they measure it.
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Chapter 11: Social Psychology
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186 Verified Questions
186 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe Sternberg's triangular theory of love.
Q2) A social group of people viewed as competitors, enemies, or different and unworthy of respect is a(n)
A) pariah.
B) in-group.
C) threat-group.
D) out-group.
E) scapegoat.
Q3) Vince has always believed children deserve the best prenatal care available. During a class discussion, he hears the first of several speakers express very negative attitudes toward spending tax money on prenatal care for the poor. When it is his turn to speak, he voices an opinion more in keeping with the previous speakers. Vince's behavior is an example of
A) compliance.
B) persuasion.
C) conformity.
D) obedience.
E) prejudice.
Q4) Describe the four factors that underlie interpersonal attraction.
Q5) What was the rationale for Stanley Milgram's study of obedience?
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Chapter 12: Psychological Disorders
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186 Verified Questions
186 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fears of snakes, thunderstorms, darkness, and water are classified as ______ phobias.
A) specific
B) social
C) primary
D) innate
E) secondary
Q2) Major depression, and major depressive disorder with seasonal pattern are examples of ________ disorders.
A) neurotic
B) somatic symptom
C) psychotic
D) depressive
E) anxiety
Q3) In Rosenhan's study, some of the individuals who went into hospitals
A) were released home in about three days.
B) were labeled as "normal" while in the hospital.
C) interacted with hospital staff for many hours per day.
D) were ignored by the hospital staff.
E) B and C are
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Chapter 13: Therapies for Psychological Disorders
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188 Verified Questions
188 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT true of the antipsychotic (AP) drugs?
A) AP drugs were first used in 1953.
B) Any tranquilizer will function as an effective AP drug.
C) AP drugs have reduced the size of psychiatric hospitals.
D) Motor problems are associated with the use of AP drugs.
E) AP drugs are more effective in treating "positive" than "negative" symptoms.
Q2) According to the Consumer Reports survey, which of the following is accurate?
A) Individual psychotherapy works best for every type of disorder.
B) The longer a person stays in therapy, the greater the improvement.
C) Overall psychotherapy without drugs is not as effective as psychotherapy with drugs.
D) Group therapy is more effective than individual therapy in treating a wide range of disorders.
E) Behavioral therapy is better than all other forms of therapy for virtually every mental disorder.
Q3) Contrast the psychoanalytic approach to psychotherapy with the behavioral approach. Include discussion of their views on the nature of psychopathology and the role of the unconscious.
Q4) Which type of psychotherapist is most likely to use systematic desensitization?
Q5) Name the three tasks of the therapeutic process.
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Chapter 14: From Stress to Health and Well-Being
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159 Verified Questions
159 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The negative changes in thoughts, emotions, and behavior as a result of prolonged stress or frustration, often related to one's work, are called A) eustress.
B) burnout.
C) dysphoria.
D) epidemiology.
E) immunosupression.
Q2) With regard to subjective well-being, research has found that A) teens are happier than adults.
B) men are more satisfied than women.
C) Caucasians experience more happiness than African-Americans.
D) money does not "buy happiness."
E) spirituality plays no role in happiness.
Q3) Our ability to deal with stressful events in an adaptive fashion is A) an inherited way of coping.
B) a biopsychosocial way of adapting.
C) a form of illness prevention.
D) a learned approach to stress.
E) a pattern of ignoring unpleasantries.
Q4) Explain how chronic stress can produce disease.
Page 16
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