Psychological Statistics
Practice Questions
Course Introduction
Psychological Statistics is a foundational course that introduces students to the principles and techniques of statistical analysis as applied within the field of psychology. The course covers key topics such as descriptive and inferential statistics, probability theory, hypothesis testing, correlation, regression, and the interpretation of psychological data. Emphasis is placed on understanding how statistical methods inform research design, data collection, and the scientific evaluation of psychological theories. Throughout the course, students develop proficiency in using statistical software and learn to critically analyze research findings, enabling them to apply quantitative reasoning to real-world psychological problems.
Recommended Textbook
Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences 2nd Edition by Gregory J. Privitera
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
18 Chapters
1399 Verified Questions
1399 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3750
Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Statistics
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74726
Sample Questions
Q1) ________ refer(s)to how the properties of numbers can change with different uses.
A)measurability
B)operational definition
C)scales of measurement
D)coding Answer: C
Q2) Qualitative data are non-numeric data.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) A rating scale measurement from 1 (completely disagree)to 7 (completely agree)is an example of continuous,qualitative data.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) The number of students in a class is an example of discrete,quantitative data.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Summarizing Data: Frequency Distributions in
Tables and Graphs
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74725
Sample Questions
Q1) Grouped data can be distributed
A)as a range of values
B)with upper and lower boundaries
C)into intervals
D)all of the above
Answer: D
Q2) The three steps for constructing a simple frequency distribution are
A)find the observed range,find the interval width,and construct the frequency distribution
B)find the real range,count the scores,and construct the frequency distribution
C)find the real range,find the interval width,and construct the frequency distribution
D)all of the above
Answer: C
Q3) To construct a pie chart,first distribute the data as
A)cumulative percentages
B)relative percentages
C)cumulative frequencies
D)cumulative relative percentages
Answer: B
4
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 3: Summarizing Data: Central Tendency
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74724
Sample Questions
Q1) A researcher records 17 scores.What is the median position of these scores?
A)the 9th score in numeric order
B)the average of the 9th and 10th scores in numeric order
C)the average of the 8th and 9th scores in numeric order
D)It's not possible to know this without the raw scores.
Answer: A
Q2) A researcher measures the following scores on an assessment: 2,3,7,3,5,6,and 9.In this example,the mean is smaller than the median.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Adding the same constant to each score in a distribution (or subtracting the same constant from it)will
A)cause the mean to change by that constant
B)not change the mean at all because the same constant was added to or subtracted from each score
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
5
Chapter 4: Summarizing Data: Variability
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74723
Sample Questions
Q1) The sample variance is:
A)an unbiased estimator of the population variance
B)associated with n - 1 degrees of freedom
C)computed by dividing SS by df D)all of the above
Q2) How is the sample variance computed differently from the population variance?
A)only one formula includes a computation for SS
B)the calculation in the numerator is different
C)the calculation in the denominator is different
D)both B and C
Q3) A researcher records the number of classroom interruptions during each of two class sessions.Which session has the largest standard deviation?
Session A: 12,15,18,24,and 30
Session B: 8,10,12,16,and 20
A)Sample A
B)Sample B
C)Both samples have the same standard deviation.
Q4) The population standard deviation is equal to 10 when SS = 100 and n = 10.
A)True
B)False
Page 6
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 5: Probability
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74722
Sample Questions
Q1) A researcher visits a population of 1,200 local residents to determine the proportion of local residents who support a new smoking ban.In this case,the sample space is
A)equal to the number of residents who support the new smoking ban
B)equal to the total number (or population)of residents
C)equal to more than just these 1,200 residents
D)unknown
Q2) The probability distribution is p = .24,.16,.40,and .20 for a random variable with outcomes equal to 0,1,2,or 3,respectively.In this example,the expected value of the mean is greater than two.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The proportion or fraction of times an outcome is likely to occur is referred to as
A)probability
B)a random event
C)sample space
D)luck
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 6: Probability, Normal Distributions, and Z Scores
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74721
Sample Questions
Q1) The first step to locating proportions in a normal distribution is to first look up probabilities in the unit normal table.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Most behavioral phenomena are believed to approximate the normal distribution.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The ________ are the range of continuous values containing the score of interest in a binomial distribution.
A)observed limits
B)approximate limits
C)real limits
D)speed limits
Q4) An assumption of normality is largely used for statistical inference and theory.
A)True
B)False
Q5) In a normal distribution a score of 8 will always be more probable than a score of 0.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Probability and Sampling Distributions
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74720
Sample Questions
Q1) A researcher selects a sample of 121 participants from a population with a mean of 32 and a standard deviation of 22.What is the standard error of the mean?
A)32
B)2.0
C)0.5
D)There is not enough information to answer this question.
Q2) The standard error is the sample standard deviation divided by the square root of the sample size.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The sample mean is an unbiased estimator,follows the central limit theorem,and has minimum variance.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The central limit theorem states that the sample mean will equal the population mean on average.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Hypothesis Testing: Significance, Effect Size, and
Power
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74719
Sample Questions
Q1) If the value of the test statistic is in the rejection region,then
A)p < .05
B)the decision is to reject the null hypothesis
C)the value of the test statistic is larger than the critical value
D)all of the above
Q2) A researcher reports that scores were higher than the mean in the population,z = 1.60,p = .05 (d = .14).If this was a test at a .05 level of significance,then what value must be incorrectly reported?
A)The effect size
B)The p value
C)The alpha level
D)The test statistic
Q3) What are the two decisions that researchers can make in hypothesis testing?
A)accept or reject the null hypothesis
B)retain or reject the null hypothesis
C)both A and B are correct
Q4) The null hypothesis and alternative hypotheses are statements about parameters in the population.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Testing Means: One-Sample and
Two-Independent Sample T Tests
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74718
Sample Questions
Q1) A two-independent sample t test is computed when mean differences are compared between two or more groups sampled from a population with an unknown variance.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A professor teaches a certain section of material using a lot of examples with sports and cars to illustrate.He is concerned that this may have biased his instruction to favor male students.To test this,he measures exam grades from this section of material among women (n = 10)and men (n = 10).The mean score in the male group was 84±4.0 (M±SD);in the female group,it was 78±8.0 (M±SD)points.If the null hypothesis is that there is no difference in exam scores,then test the null hypothesis at a .05 level of significance.
A)Exam scores were significantly higher in the male group,t(18)= 2.83,p < .05.
B)Exam scores were the same between groups,t(18)= 2.12,p > .05.
C)Exam scores were significantly higher in the male group,t(18)= 2.12,p < .05.
D)Exam scores were the same between groups,t(18)= 1.00,p > .05.
Q3) If d = 0.28,then we conclude that mean scores in some population have shifted 0.28 standard deviations below the mean.
A)True B)False
Page 11
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 10: Testing Means: Related Samples T Test
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
79 Verified Questions
79 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74717
Sample Questions
Q1) Each of the following is an advantage for using the related samples design,except
A)it can be more practical
B)it minimizes standard error
C)it increases the power of a research design
D)it increases the variability measured in a study
Q2) A researcher tests how well participants know their spouse while under hypnosis,and again without hypnosis.It was hypothesized that participant responses would be more accurate (greater number of correct responses)when under hypnosis.The mean number of correct responses was M = 5.30 under hypnosis and M = 3.40 without hypnosis in a sample of 30 participants.If the estimated standard error for difference scores was 2.52,then what is the decision at a .05 level of significance (two-tailed test)?
A)Retain the null hypothesis;responses were more accurate under hypnosis.
B)Retain the null hypothesis;responses were not more accurate under hypnosis.
C)Reject the null hypothesis;responses were more accurate under hypnosis.
D)Reject the null hypothesis;responses were not more accurate under hypnosis.
Q3) A researcher computes d = .12,which is a small effect size.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
12
Chapter 11: Estimation and Confidence Intervals
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74716
Sample Questions
Q1) When the null hypothesis is outside a confidence interval,this indicates that it would likely be retained with hypothesis testing.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following words best describes certainty?
A)inferential
B)significance
C)precision
D)confidence
Q3) The population variance must be known to estimate the population mean for the one-sample z.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A researcher reduces her level of confidence from 99% to 90%.What will happen to the precision of her estimate?
A)The estimate will be more precise.
B)The estimate will be less precise.
C)The precision of her estimate will not change.
D)It depends on the size of the population.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 13
Chapter 12: Analysis of Variance: One-Way
Between-Subjects Design
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74715
Sample Questions
Q1) The test statistic for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA is the sum of squares between-groups divided by the sum of squares error.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Cohen's d is the most commonly reported measure of effect size for the one-way between-subjects ANOVA.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ANOVA stands for,
A)analysis of variety
B)analysis of variable attributes
C)analysis of variance
D)association of novel operating variable analyses
Q4) A researcher has the same 18 participants rate 6 pictures (k = 6),each depicting a person with a different body type.The one-way between-subjects ANOVA is an appropriate test statistic to test for mean differences in the ratings of each type of picture.
A)True
B)False
Chapter 13: Analysis of Variance: One-Way Within-Subjects
Repeated Measures Design
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74714
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an assumption for the one-way within-subjects ANOVA,but not for the one-way between-subjects ANOVA?
A)normality
B)homogeneity of variance
C)homogeneity of covariance
D)None of the above;each is assumed for both tests.
Q2) The mean square for each source of variation is a measure of the mean distance that scores deviate from their mean.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A researcher observed the mating behavior of 10 porpoises in five different social conditions.What are the degrees of freedom between-groups for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA?
A)4
B)9
C)27
D)There is not enough information to answer this question.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 15
Chapter 14: Analysis of Variance: Two-Way
Between-Subjects Factorial Design
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74713
Sample Questions
Q1) If each main effect is significant,then the interaction must also be significant for a two-way between-subjects ANOVA.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The denominator of the test statistic for the main effects and interaction in a two-way between-subjects ANOVA
A)is equal to 0
B)is equal to mean square error
C)is equal to mean square between-groups
D)is a measure of variance for differences between groups
Q3) For the effects of a two-way between-subjects ANOVA,which values must be known to compute effect size using omega-squared?
A)mean squares
B)sum of squares
C)degrees of freedom
D)all of the above
Q4) Which source of variation,if significant,is typically analyzed first?
A)a main effect
B)the interaction
16
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 15: Correlation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74712
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the assumption that the best way to describe the pattern of data is using a straight line?
A)normality
B)linearity
C)homoscedasticity
D)restriction of range
Q2) The formula for the point-biserial correlation coefficient was derived from the formula for the Pearson correlation coefficient.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The coefficient of determination is mathematically equivalent to eta-squared.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The coefficient of determination is mathematically equivalent to
A)the correlation coefficient
B)omega-squared
C)eta-squared
D)both B and C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 16: Linear Regression and Multiple Regression
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74711
Sample Questions
Q1) The degrees of freedom associated with regression variation are equal to
A)the number of predictor variables
B)the number of predictor variables minus one
C)n ñ 1
D)n ñ 2
Q2) For a multiple regression,we typically report which value that is not often reported for a one factor linear regression analysis?
A)effect size
B)\(\beta\) coefficient
C)test statistic
D)p value
Q3) Using an analysis of regression,the variability in Y that is predicted by X is measured by the
A)regression variation
B)residual variation
C)correlation coefficient
D)coefficient of determination
Q4) For linear regression with one predictor variable,\(\beta\) will equal r.
A)True
B)False
Page 18
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 17: Nonparametric Tests: Chi-Square Tests
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74710
Sample Questions
Q1) To appropriately interpret the chi-square goodness-of-fit test,it is necessary to compare differences
A)at each level of the categorical variable
B)across the levels of the categorical variable
C)within and between expected frequencies
Q2) When k = 3,then the critical value for a chi-square goodness-of-fit test is 7.81.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Homogeneity of variance is one assumption for the chi-square goodness-of-fit test.
A)True B)False
Q4) The test statistic is the same for a chi-square goodness-of-fit test and a chi-square test for independence.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Variance is not computed using the chi-square tests.
A)True B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19
Chapter 18: Nonparametric Tests: Tests for Ordinal Data
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74709
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following dispersions of scores for three groups (A,B,and C)best illustrates the null hypothesis for a Kruskal-Wallis H test?
A)The number of scores above and below the median are equal.
B)The mean differences between two groups are equal.
C)The sum of ranks in each group does not differ between groups.
D)The ranks in two groups are equal to 0.
Q2) For a Mann-Whitney U test,the more lopsided the dispersion of scores between groups,the more likely we are to reject the null hypothesis.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A researcher finds that the number of positive ranks is 13 and the number of negative ranks is 4 using a sample of 17 participants.Based on these data,what is the decision for a related samples sign test at a .05 level of significance?
A)Retain the null hypothesis.
B)Reject the null hypothesis.
C)There is not enough information to answer this question.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 20