Psychological Science
Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Psychological Science is an introductory course that explores the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Students will examine major theories, foundational concepts, and research methods used in psychology to investigate topics such as perception, development, learning, memory, emotion, and social interaction. The course emphasizes critical thinking and the application of psychological principles to everyday life, while also illustrating how empirical evidence shapes our understanding of human behavior and mental health.
Recommended Textbook
Personality Psychology Domains of Knowledge About Human Nature 6th Edition by Randy Larsen
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
20 Chapters
1476 Verified Questions
1476 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2435
2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Personality Psychology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
62 Verified Questions
62 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48368
Sample Questions
Q1) The cognitive-experiential domain of knowledge about human nature _____.
A)deals centrally with the ways in which individuals differ from one another
B)deals with mental mechanisms of personality that operate outside of conscious awareness
C)focuses on thought processes and subjective familiarity
D)focuses on how personality is affected by the social and cultural context
Answer: C
Q2) Melvin looked at an inkblot and saw two birds nesting.Heidi looked at the inkblot and saw a tranquil forest.Joe looked at the inkblot and saw something sexual.These three responses illustrate that _____ are an important component of person-environment interaction.
A)manipulations
B)provocations
C)perceptions
D)projections
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
3
Chapter 2: Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research Design
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
85 Verified Questions
85 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48367
Sample Questions
Q1) A type of validity that subsumes all other types of validity is:
A)predictive validity.
B)construct validity.
C)face validity.
D)discriminant validity.
Answer: B
Q2) In order to collect experience sampling data,a researcher might:
A)manipulate participants' experiences in laboratory.
B)ask participants to fill out the same questionnaire every day for several weeks.
C)record participants' physiological reactions in laboratory.
D)conduct a telephonic survey.
Answer: B
Q3) In the context of reliability,which of the following approaches minimizes the effects of socially desirable responding?
A)Using noncontent responding
B)Using a forced-choice questionnaire format
C)Using a Likert rating scale
D)Using experience sampling for negative traits
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Traits and Trait Taxonomies
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48366
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a limitation of the Wiggins circumplex model?
A)It fails to alert investigators to gaps in investigations of interpersonal behavior.
B)The interpersonal map provided by this model is restricted to two dimensions.
C)It is not able to specify the relationships between each trait and every other trait within the model.
D)The definition of interpersonal behavior provided by this model is not explicit and precise.
Answer: B
Q2) In the past few decades,the taxonomy of personality traits that has received the most attention and support from personality researchers has been _____.
A)the PEN model
B)Cattell's taxonomy of 16 personality traits
C)the Wiggins circumplex
D)the five-factor model
Answer: D
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Theoretical and Measurement Issues in Trait Psychology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
53 Verified Questions
53 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48365
Sample Questions
Q1) When seeking to distinguish between genuine and faked responses,a psychologist concludes that a truthful person is faking and rejects that person's data resulting in:
A)the directionality problem.
B)a false negative.
C)carelessness.
D)situational specificity.
Q2) _____ refers to a situation in which a person acts in a specific way under particular circumstances implying that his or her behavior is caused by the situation.
A)Faking response
B)Situational specificity
C)Extreme responding
D)Situational selection
Q3) The tendency to choose the situations in which one finds oneself is known as:
A)situational selection.
B)evocation.
C)manipulation.
D)aggregation.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 6
Chapter 5: Personality Dispositions Over Time: Stability,
Coherence, and Change
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48364
Sample Questions
Q1) According to Wink et al.(2007),adolescents who scored high on conscientiousness and agreeableness were more likely to:
A)score high on religiousness later in life.
B)score low on emotional stability by mid-life.
C)get divorced.
D)cope well with the death of a spouse.
Q2) Michael Kernis et al.(1991,1992)have suggested that self-esteem variability is related to the extent to which one's self-view can be influenced by:
A)one's ambition.
B)social events in particular.
C)the mean level of self-esteem.
D)the self-esteem of others in the environment.
Q3) The correlations between same measures obtained at two different points in time are called:
A)validity coefficients.
B)stability coefficients.
C)zero-order correlation coefficients.
D)rank-order correlation coefficients.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Genetics and Personality
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48363
Sample Questions
Q1) According to Zuckerman and Kuhlman (2000),the most frequently examined association between the DRD4 gene and a personality trait has involved:
A)neuroticism.
B)novelty seeking.
C)sexual orientation.
D)traditionalism.
Q2) _____ come from a single fertilized egg,which divides into two at some point during gestation.
A)All siblings
B)Fraternal twins
C)Identical twins
D)Zygotic twins
Q3) The different experiences that siblings have even though they are in the same family best illustrate _____.
A)phenotypic variance
B)genotypic variance
C)shared environments
D)nonshared environments
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Physiological Approaches to Personality
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48362
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a feature of traditional functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)?
A)It measures the activity level in areas of the brain in terms of glucose consumption.
B)It determines the resting pressure inside the cardiovascular system between heart contractions.
C)It directly measures sympathetic nervous system activity.
D)It transmits electrical signals sent from a participant to a physiological recording machine.
Q2) In Jeffrey Gray's model of personality,individuals with a reactive behavioral inhibition system are especially sensitive to:
A)positive emotions.
B)cues of punishment or frustration.
C)cues of incentives and rewards.
D)changes in MAO levels.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
9
Chapter 8: Evolutionary Perspectives on Personality
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48361
Sample Questions
Q1) Differential gene production is defined as:
A)the number of different genes an individual passes on to his or her offspring.
B)an individual's reproductive success relative to other individuals of that species.
C)the total number of different genes produced by a species in the gene pool.
D)the ability of an individual to produce different genes in different environments.
Q2) Rhonda only dates men whom she finds to be extremely physically attractive.She is not concerned about whether they will commit to her or about their past relationships.In this scenario,Rhonda is most likely pursuing a(n)_____ mating strategy.
A)restricted
B)unrestricted
C)shallow
D)independent
Q3) Which of the following is NOT an adaptive problem faced by women?
A)Finding a good mate
B)Securing resources
C)Parental uncertainty
D)Mate guarding
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
10
Chapter 9: Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48360
Sample Questions
Q1) Diana refuses to believe that her husband has left her.She waits for him at their dinner table every night and insists that he will be back any time.She finds the act of waiting to be more acceptable that acknowledging the fact that he has,in reality,gone.According to Freud,Diana is most likely resorting to the defense mechanism of _____.
A)repression
B)denial
C)projection
D)displacement
Q2) _____ occurs when a patient begins reacting to a psychoanalyst as if he or she were an important figure from the patient's own life.
A)Resistance
B)Insight
C)Transference
D)Primary process thinking
Q3) The ego operates:
A)according to the pleasure principle.
B)according to the reality principle.
C)according to the anxiety principle.
D)with primary process thinking.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: Psychoanalytic Approaches: Contemporary Issues
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48359
Sample Questions
Q1) As an early feminist,Karen Horney believed that: A)culture had different standards for men and women. B)men and women behaved similarly across cultures.
C)Freud's views about women were fundamentally correct. D)culture affected both genders in a similar manner.
Q2) Who among the following developed the strange situation procedure?
A)Erik Erikson
B)Mary Ainsworth
C)Karen Horney
D)Henry Roediger
Q3) Who among the following is most associated with attachment relationship with the mother and how that relationship meets the needs of an infant for protection,nurturance,and support?
A)Karen Horney
B)Sigmund Freud
C)Erik Erikson
D)John Bowlby
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 12
Chapter 11: Motives and Personality
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
85 Verified Questions
85 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48358
Sample Questions
Q1) According to Andrews (1967),students with a high need for achievement (nAch)are most likely to:
A)speak with a professor prior to their exams.
B)use few job-seeking strategies after their graduation.
C)investigate course requirements immediately after enrolling in a class.
D)start looking for a job without waiting to receive feedback about their academic performance.
Q2) According to Carl Rogers,anxiety is a result of:
A)positive regard.
B)distorting one's experiences.
C)having an experience that does not fit with one's self-conception.
D)experiencing conditions of worth.
Q3) According to Carl Rogers,people who experience many conditions of worth may:
A)lose touch with their own desires and wants.
B)work primarily for approval from others.
C)distort their shortcomings.
D)All of the answers are correct.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
13
Chapter 12: Cognitive Topics in Personality
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48357
Sample Questions
Q1) Some researchers feel that the separate abilities referred to as multiple intelligences by Gardner are correlated enough with each other to:
A)represent only three distinct intelligences-verbal,quantitative,and analytical.
B)warrant more distinct types of intelligences.
C)justify thinking of intelligence as a general factor.
D)justify thinking of intelligence as an abstract concept that cannot be studieD.
Q2) An advantage of the Embedded Figures Test (EFT)over the Rod and Frame Test (RFT)is that:
A)the EFT measures field-dependence more accurately than the RFT.
B)the EFT is much easier to use than the RFT.
C)the results obtained from the EFT are more valid than the ones obtained from the RFT.
D)All of the answers are correct.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a construct?
A)Gravity
B)Anxiety
C)Intelligence
D)All of the answers are correct.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 14
Chapter 13: Emotion and Personality
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
73 Verified Questions
73 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48356
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following traits refers to an emotional style?
A)Type A personality
B)Hostility
C)Affect intensity
D)Easygoingness
Q2) Which of the following is a characteristic of a hostile individual?
A)Easily irritated
B)Feeling frequent resentment
C)Acting in a rude and critical manner in everyday interactions
D)All of the answers are correct.
Q3) Researchers agree that:
A)it is better to be high on affect intensity.
B)it is better to be low on affect intensity.
C)it is better to be high on affect intensity most of the time.
D)one cannot say whether it is bad or good to be low or high on affect intensity.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
15
Chapter 14: Approaches to the Self
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
69 Verified Questions
69 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48355
Sample Questions
Q1) Self-esteem level and self-esteem variability:
A)are highly correlated.
B)are unrelated to each other.
C)interact to predict important outcomes.
D)are unrelated to each other and often interact to predict important outcomes.
Q2) Self-esteem is the sum of your _____ reactions to all the aspects of your self-concept.
A)positive
B)negative
C)positive and negative
D)positive,negative,and standard
Q3) The movie character Lester,played by Kevin Spacey,in the Oscar-winning film American Beauty most likely exemplifies the concept of:
A)self-esteem variability.
B)defensive pessimism.
C)self-handicapping.
D)identity crisis.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
16
Chapter 15: Personality and Social Interaction
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48354
Sample Questions
Q1) Looking at Diana's photos on a social networking site,Simon assumes that she is an extravert.When they meet for the first time,Simon elicits a talkative and energetic response from an otherwise quiet and dull Diana.This scenario most likely exemplifies _____.
A)balancing selection
B)expectancy confirmation
C)the imagination inflation effect
D)the self-serving bias
Q2) According to George Kelly and Conley (1987),_____ has been the most consistent personality predictor of marital instability and divorce.
A)emotional instability
B)introversion
C)disagreeableness
D)low conscientiousness
Q3) Unlike high-agreeable individuals,low-agreeable individuals _____.
A)convince their parents to trust them when selecting a mate
B)use reasoning as a primary tactic of manipulation
C)frequently use the silent treatment tactic of manipulation
D)tend to exercise more self-constraint in their use of collective resources
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 17
Chapter 16: Sex,Gender,and Personality
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48353
Sample Questions
Q1) Identify a true statement about the empathizing-systemizing distinction.
A)Men and women score almost equally on empathizing.
B)Men score higher on systemizing than women.
C)Men prefer teaching and helping professions.
D)Men and women equally gravitate toward construction and engineering.
Q2) In the context of the people-things dimension,which of the following professions is most likely preferred by people who score toward the "things" end of the dimension?
A)High school teachers
B)Religious counsellors
C)Nurses
D)Farmers
Q3) Research on sex differences in depression:
A)fails to reveal consistent differences.
B)reveals that women tend to be more depressed than men.
C)reveals that men tend to be more depressed than women.
D)reveals that these differences are due to differences in the people-things dimension.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 17: Culture and Personality
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48352
Sample Questions
Q1) People who live in extremely hot desert climates wear lightweight,loose robes,and large-brimmed hats.This best exemplifies:
A)transmitted culture.
B)cultural universals.
C)evoked culture.
D)elicited culture.
Q2) Balkanization is a term that refers to:
A)greater permeability between cultures.
B)cross-cultural marriages.
C)social resegregation following a time of peaceful integration and social diversity.
D)cultural differences.
Q3) In the context of early experience and evoked mating strategies,children growing up in stable homes with parents who predictably invest in their welfare _____.
A)attract highly impulsive and low-investing mates
B)opt for a long-term mating strategy
C)tend to reach puberty at an early age
D)are inclined to seek multiple mates
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
19
Chapter 18: Stress,Coping,Adjustment,and Health
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48351
Sample Questions
Q1) The reaction of being startled with an increase in blood pressure and other physiological responses is commonly called:
A)a stressor.
B)the fight-or-flight response.
C)pessimism.
D)hostility.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a model of the personality-illness connection?
A)The circumplex model
B)The interactional model
C)The transactional model
D)The predisposition model
Q3) _____ can take the form of diagrams of key variables,with the causal relations among those variables depicted by arrows.
A)Appraisals
B)Models
C)Theories
D)Hypotheses
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 20
Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
78 Verified Questions
78 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48350
Sample Questions
Q1) Some researchers have theorized that one cause of _____ personality disorder might be deficiency in the ability to experience fear.
A)antisocial
B)paranoid
C)histrionic
D)schizoid
Q2) Which of the following terms can be best defined as the presence of two or more disorders in one person?
A)Comorbidity
B)Prevalence
C)Counterbalancing
D)Self-handicapping
Q3) People with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are likely to:
A)put play before work.
B)hold very high standards for themselves.
C)avoid social contact.
D)have a poor self-concept.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
21
Chapter 20: Summary and Future Directions
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48349
Sample Questions
Q1) _____ concerns the factors within the mind that influence behavior,thoughts,and emotions;the domain also includes defense mechanisms.
A)The intrapsychic domain
B)The dispositional domain
C)The biological domain
D)The adjustment domain
Q2) Major questions for psychologists working in the dispositional domain include all of the following EXCEPT:
A)How many personality traits exist?
B)How do personality traits develop?
C)How do personality traits interact with situations to produce behaviors?
D)Are the major personality traits of human personality moderately heritable?
Q3) In the biological domain of knowledge,researchers are most likely to concentrate on:
A)approach and avoidance relationships.
B)the number of basic personality dispositions.
C)the genetic basis of human personality.
D)genetics at the molecular level.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
22