Psychological First Aid
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Psychological First Aid (PFA) is a course designed to equip students with the knowledge and skills necessary to provide immediate and compassionate support to individuals experiencing psychological distress in the aftermath of crises or traumatic events. Participants will learn the principles and techniques of PFA, including how to assess needs, ensure safety, offer practical assistance, and promote coping and resilience. Emphasizing culturally sensitive and ethical responses, the course also addresses self-care for practitioners and the limits of PFA, preparing students to serve as effective first responders for emotional and psychological needs in a wide range of emergency situations.
Recommended Textbook
Crisis Intervention Strategies 8th Edition by Richard K. James
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19 Chapters
881 Verified Questions
881 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1249 Page 2
Chapter 1: Approaching Crisis Intervention
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42 Verified Questions
42 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24653
Sample Questions
Q1) Basic crisis intervention,while often brief,is not brief therapy.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) An eclectic approach to crisis intervention means:
A)perceiving crisis as an internal and external state of affairs.
B)that people are viewed as products of both heredity and social learning.
C)not being locked into any theoretical approach in a dogmatic fashion.
D)dealing with the equilibrium/disequilibrium aspects of the crisis.
Answer: C
Q3) Chaos theory is a positive theory of crisis because it causes new,previously unknown solutions to be found.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) The first suicide intervention program in the United States was created over a hundred years ago.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Culturally Effective Helping
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An understanding of the ecological/cultural determinants of crisis intervention is founded on:
A)how hot it is.
B)the mutual and dynamic interaction of between client,local ecological/cultural factors and worker.
C)broaching.
D)SAFETY.
Answer: B
Q2) Individuals are not always the basic building blocks in societies.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Support systems are critical and they are used in much the same way no matter what the cultural background of the client is.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: The Intervention and Assessment Models
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38 Verified Questions
38 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24660
Sample Questions
Q1) Assessment in crisis intervention:
A)is best done under controlled conditions using Triage Assessment and other paper and pencil tests that adequately depict intellectual and personality functioning.
B)is generally continuous throughout the intervention.
C)generally attempts to adhere to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV guidelines.
D)stops the moment the client regains equilibrium.
Answer: B
Q2) Anger,fear,and sadness along with frustration are the typical emotional states assessed in crisis intervention.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The task model is mostly passive in what it attempts to do.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Tools of the Trade
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24649
Sample Questions
Q1) If a worker quietly sat by and allowed a client to cry for five minutes and bemoan her broken engagement,the worker would be engaging in ______ as a technique.
A)sympathy eliciting
B)catharsis
C)empathic responding
D)providing support
Q2) Communicating empathically means focusing exclusively on the accurate restatement of the content of verbal messages and not trying to guess at underlying meanings.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Sympathy and empathy are essentially the same thing except sympathy uses more worker owning statements to convey feelings.
A)True
B)False
Q4) "We" statements are an excellent way to build collaboration. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Crisis Case Handling
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24648
Sample Questions
Q1) Crisis clients that use walk-in facilities usually have problems that are not:
A)existential in nature.
B)chronic mental illness.
C)acute interpersonal problems in their social environment.
D)a combination of problems.
Q2) About the only people who typically avail themselves of a crisis walk-in facility are the chronic mentally ill who have nowhere else to turn.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Crises may suddenly occur even when clients are successful in overcoming the crisis because they:
A)have post traumatic personality disorder (PTSD).
B)are experiencing intrapersonal problems in their own personal development along with the precipitating crisis.
C)are about to be terminated from therapy.
D)experience a psychotic break caused by termination.
Q4) In outline form,indicate the differences between long term therapy and crisis intervention.
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7
Chapter 6: Telephone and Online Crisis Counseling
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51 Verified Questions
51 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the major problems in a community telephone crisis line is that workers have to be "expert" in a large variety of areas.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Regular crisis line callers should be:
A)terminated quickly so others can use the line who are in need.
B)traced and told not to call again because they jam phone lines and block others from calling when they call repeatedly.
C)classified as problem callers and staff should not try to help them.
D)set up with ground rules and have calls limited because they are calling for some good purpose no matter how weird or inappropriate they may seem.
Q3) Which of the following is not a legal and ethical issue in Internet crisis intervention?
A)The technology that allows one to identify,block,and trace callers
B)Linguistic and cultural differences
C)The client's ability to control the content of the session
D)How emergency services are contacted over vast distances
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Chapter 7: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
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51 Verified Questions
51 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the major reasons for PTSD counseling groups is to let the members cathart about their experiences and thus get rid of the bad memories.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Affective State Dependent Retention is important to PTSD because it theorizes that:
A)a calm,tranquil state is needed to treat PTSD.
B)no one is immune from PTSD given the right circumstances.
C)traumatic memories are stored under different physiological states.
D)a preexisting maladjusted personality pattern is retained in memory.
Q3) Assessment of PTSD may be best accomplished by:
A)structured interviews specifically related to PTSD criteria.
B)personality tests with special PTSD scales like the MMPI and Mississippi Combat Scale.
C)complete medical work-ups to determine degree and kind of neurobiological involvement.
D)incidence of drug use and criminal acts.
Q4) Name the DSM-5 indicators necessary for a diagnosis of PTSD and discuss how they might look in an adult or a child.
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9
Chapter 8: Crisis of Lethality
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52 Verified Questions
52 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Almost all suicidal persons reveal:
A)the same characteristics.
B)some kind of clues.
C)some kind of pathological behaviors.
D)nothing,people who want to die will not tell anyone.
Q2) The Reasons for Living Scale is different than other lethality scales in that:
A)it focuses only on homicidal ideation.
B)it poses questions about why people would not kill themselves.
C)it is a faster visual assessment form than the Triage scale.
D)it is a highly reliable predictor of the who,when,where,how,and why of lethal behavior.
Q3) All of the following statements about statistics on suicide are true,except:
A)Native Americans kill themselves about 1.5 times more than other Americans.
B)the second leading cause of death among children and teens (behind accidents).
C)a serious problem in men over age 65 because that segment of the population kills themselves at a rate four times the national norm.
D)the true number of people who commit suicide is well established.
Q4) What goes into a "Stay Alive" contract?
Q5) What are some of the "Don'ts" in managing suicidal clients?
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Chapter 9: Sexual Assault
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48 Verified Questions
48 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24651
Sample Questions
Q1) Later in their lives,adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse do not usually experience victimization:
A)on the conscious level.
B)because of their beliefs derived in large part from social myths.
C)because of their feelings of blame and guilt.
D)due to the fear that the victimizer may reappear and revictimize the victim.
Q2) Date rape survivors are more likely to have experienced sexual abuse and negative home environments during childhood.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The "false memory" concept applied both to work with adults who were abused as children and to perpetrators of abuse has:
A)proven that false memories as a concept are valid.
B)proven that false memories as a concept are invalid.
C)much to do with the interviewer,the way particular questions are asked,the context of the setting,and the emotional state of the client.
D)more to do with unresolved Electra and Oedipal complexes.
Q4) What are the reasons men commit rape and some ways that society supports rape?
Q5) Discuss the clinical indicators that a child may have been sexually abused.
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Chapter 10: Partner Violence
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24658
Sample Questions
Q1) Once a woman decides to leave the battering relationship,comes to an abuse shelter,and regains some psychological equilibrium,the crisis worker's first job is to provide immediate practical advice on such issues as finding a place to live,child care,financial aid,etc.
A)True
B)False
Q2) U.S.Department of Justice statistics probably underestimate the magnitude of domestic violence for all of the following reasons,except:
A)cultural norms tolerate and in some instances condone family violence.
B)confidentiality and shame keeps violence a family secret.
C)poor and non-English speaking women are underreported and women who are institutionalized or hospitalized are not included.
D)same-sex domestic violence is counted multiple times in the research.
Q3) With all of the publicity,laws,funding,and other resources that have been devoted to domestic violence,the problem still is endemic to our society.Why is that so?
Q4) There is little domestic violence in same-sex relationships.
A)True
B)False
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Family Crisis Intervention
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33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24646
Sample Questions
Q1) Perpetual crises for families are the same as metastasizing crises.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A family's goals may be impacted by crisis because:
A)resource allotment is altered.
B)morale is changed.
C)because education is important.
D)due to the negativity around the resolving the crisis.
Q3) Reliving the crisis often happens after a crisis as family members tell and retell their story several times.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Follow-up can happen at any time in crisis intervention.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Crisis intervention with families involves:
A)using structured family therapy since that is most often effected.
B)using a genogram to understand the family.
C)assessing a family's functioning prior to the crisis.
D)understanding a family from a perspective that allows a flexible approach.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Personal Loss
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52 Verified Questions
52 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A basic,personal resource (as opposed to professional skill)of the human service worker who deals with bereavement and loss is:
A)coming to grips with one's own issues about death.
B)reading extensively in the death and dying literature.
C)attending workshops and classes on the subject of death.
D)All of the answers are equally important.
Q2) The Kubler-Ross model of loss is probably the most well known and most useful model of understanding loss in the present day.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Compare the Adaptive model and the Dual Process model.What are the similarities and differences? Which seems to fit best to your style of counseling? Why is that so?
Q4) The more contemporary Dutro model of grieving is a fixed,linear stage model that proposes that people all grieve in about the same way.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Crisis in Schools
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24659
Sample Questions
Q1) A crisis response plan should:
A)cover every conceivable contingency in depth.
B)be practiced regularly.
C)be developed by outside consultants who have the expertise and objectivity to not be influenced by local biases.
D)be dusted off annually when teachers return to school in the fall.
Q2) Schools should not be in the memorial business.That's the job of funeral homes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe the steps you would take if a teacher asked you to speak to a child he/she considered to be dangerous.
Q4) Going on hunches or suspicions that a student is suicidal is generally not a good idea.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The SVJO can be characterized by his/her:
A)loner status.
B)need for instant gratification.
C)academic success.
D)stable home environment.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Violent Behavior in Institutions
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51 Verified Questions
51 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24650
Sample Questions
Q1) Validation therapy is used to indicate that the client:
A)has valid concerns.
B)is lucid and in touch with reality.
C)affirms what s/he is saying even though it may have little basis in reality.
D)is about to become violent.
Q2) An adequate and comprehensive security plan for an institution should:
A)be simple enough to use.
B)cover every possible contingency.
C)ignore the needs and concerns of staff.
D)identify who,what,and where for disasters.
Q3) An appropriate response to a severely agitated client would include:
A)"the staff is right,you've got to accept their judgment.They are professionals and know what is best for you."
B)"I'll see what can be done about the problem.Just calm down!"
C)"it's clear somebody has messed up.They have no right to treat you that way.You've a right to complain."
D)"I understand how angry you must be.Before I can do anything though,I need to hear you calmly and clearly tell me what's bothering you so I can determine what needs to be done."
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Legal and Ethical Issues
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) There is one single appropriate way to ethically handle crisis or disaster situations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Following a disaster a survivor is standing in line waiting to enter a dining room tent.The survivor begins speaking with you,a crisis intervention worker,about a deeply traumatic and personal issue.Other survivors are standing in line and could easily over hear the conversation.The client asks the disaster worker to keep their conversation confidential.How would you proceed? What are the ethical principles,legal,moral,or political issues involved?
Q3) An ethical dilemma exists when two more ethical principles conflict.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The idea that crisis services be delivered based upon need and resource availability is related to the ethical idea of:
A)fidelity.
B)autonomy.
C)justice.
D)nonmaleficence.
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Chapter 16: Burnout, vicarious Traumatization, and Compassion Fatigue
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53 Verified Questions
53 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24657
Sample Questions
Q1) A critical component in treating burnout is:
A)satiation.
B)substitution.
C)revitalization.
D)positive reinforcement.
Q2) Support groups within the institution:
A)use social events to take the stress out of work.
B)are readily available if one takes the time to find them.
C)function to provide both technical and emotional support.
D)spend an equal amount of time discussing personal and workplace problems.
Q3) If you were using the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL)you would not be assessing for:
A)compassion satisfaction.
B)compassion fatigue.
C)burnout.
D)organizational support.
Q4) While important for effective intervention,consultation and supervision have little to do with stopping burnout.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Disaster Response
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Benefield family's crisis may best be viewed by the crisis worker in a(n):
A)ecosystemic context.
B)mesosystem context.
C)transcrisis context.
D)family system context.
Q2) What part do national organizations,such as NOVA and the American Red Cross,play in crisis intervention?
Q3) Dr Branthoover's overriding comment when interviewed about her post-Katrina work in Louisana was that:
A)you need to have comprehensive therapy skills.
B)listening skills are the most important component of doing therapy.
C)expect to sweat and get dirty while doing anything but therapy.
D)debriefing every night is critical.
Q4) Professional organizations such as the American School Counseling Association provide all of these,except:
A)counseling assistance after disasters.
B)information and psycho-educational materials for the public.
C)formats for discussion of theory and practice of crisis intervention.
D)disaster relief services for adults.
Q5) Describe how disaster mental health started in the United States.
Page 19
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Chapter 18: Chemical Dependency
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51 Verified Questions
51 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24645
Sample Questions
Q1) The term "drug" is an artifact constructed by society.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The prescriptive model of drug addiction proposes that:
A)there is a prescriptive behavior that fits certain drugs.
B)genetics prescribe what and how much of a drug will be used.
C)self-prescription and physician prescription are used to relieve pain.
D)prescriptions are written to replace addictive drugs with less addictive drugs.
Q3) The idea of "big pink pet elephants that sit in the middle of the room and that everyone has to walk around yet never acknowledges," has to do with the concept of codependency.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Family treatment involves the worker:
A)encouraging the family to shame their addict into sobriety.
B)teaching the family to openly express feelings.
C)teaching family members to carry messages to one another.
D)supporting the addict's defenses against change until he/she reaches the commitment stage in motivational change theory.
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Chapter 19: Crisishostage Negotiation
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51 Verified Questions
51 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) REACT is a hostage negotiation task model that starts with the recognition of the conditions needed to make an incident negotiable and ends with what will happen after a surrender is made.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Police departments who use mental health professionals as consultants have more hostage situations end by negotiated surrender rather than tactical assault.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The behavioral dynamics of battered women and hostages after their escape are much alike.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Stockholm syndrome is possible in hostage situations if all of the following are present,except:
A)positive feelings are generated toward the captors from the hostages.
B)negative feelings are generated toward the authorities by the hostages.
C)positive feelings are generated toward the hostages by the captors.
D)negative feelings are generated toward the hostages by the authorities.
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