Professional Issues in Nursing Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Professional Issues in Nursing explores the ethical, legal, and social challenges that impact nursing practice in today's healthcare environment. The course addresses topics such as professional accountability, advocacy, interprofessional collaboration, cultural competence, and the influence of healthcare policies on patient care. Students will examine current trends, ethical dilemmas, and legal responsibilities, fostering critical thinking and decision-making skills essential for effective and responsible nursing practice. Emphasis is placed on developing a professional identity, understanding scope of practice, and upholding standards that ensure quality and safety in nursing care.
Recommended Textbook
Understanding Nursing Research Building an Evidence Based Practice 5th Edition by Nancy Burns
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518 Verified Questions
518 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Florence Nightingale is most noted for which of the following contributions to nursing research?
A) Case study approach to research
B) Data collection and analysis
C) Framework and model development
D) Quasi-experimental study design
Answer: B
Q2) Why can research be considered a "world" of its own? (Choose all that apply.) Because it:
A) involves new rules and new experiences.
B) is a new way of experiencing reality.
C) is conducted in certain geographical areas of the world.
D) requires learning a unique language.
Answer: A, B, D
Q3) Outcomes research in health care is oriented toward establishing:
A) characteristics and description of nursing phenomena.
B) critical indicators.
C) predictive relationships.
D) quality and effectiveness.
Answer: D
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Introduction to the Quantitative Research Process
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Sample Questions
Q1) Before implementing a large, multisite research investigation, a researcher conducts a smaller study to identify any problematic areas in the planned study. This smaller study is known as a/an:
A) abstract.
B) exploratory design.
C) pilot study.
D) proposal.
Answer: C
Q2) The researcher uses which portion of the research report to capture the reader's attention?
A) Abstract
B) Conclusion
C) Framework
D) Methodology
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Introduction to the Qualitative Research Process
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Q1) The following research steps could be found in which type of qualitative research?
Formulating an idea
Developing research questions
Developing an inventory of sources
Clarifying validity and reliability of sources
A) Ethnographic
B) Grounded theory
C) Historical
D) Phenomenological
Answer: C
Q2) A phenomenological research question might be which of the following?
A) How do different cultures adapt to breast-feeding multiple infants?
B) How many mothers of twins elect to breast-feed their infants?
C) What is it like to breast-feed twins?
D) What past events have led many women to avoid breast-feeding?
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Examining Ethics in Nursing Research
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Q1) The goal of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) addresses which of the following? The principle or right of/to:
A) beneficence
B) justice
C) respect
D) self-determination
Q2) A compromise from the rigorous standards created by the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare 1973 regulations for the Protection of Human Research Subjects resulted in which of the following?
A) A lot more time being required to get approval and a lower number of studies being conducted
B) Stricter interpretation of the need for review of all studies going before institutional review boards
C) Student participation in several research studies to assist researchers in determining risk
D) The eventual creation of levels of institutional review board reviews
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Chapter 5: Research Problems, Purposes, and Hypotheses
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Sample Questions
Q1) The statement, "This study explores the experience of caregiving by adult daughters of parents with Alzheimer's disease," is an example of which of the following components of a research study?
A) Aim or objective
B) Hypothesis
C) Operational definition
D) Question
Q2) Read the following statement and answer the question: "Structured preoperative support is more effective in reducing surgical patients' perception of pain and request for analgesics than structured postoperative support." What type of variable is "Type of support"?
A) Attribute
B) Dependent
C) Independent
D) Extraneous
Q3) Which of the following would be considered a demographic variable?
A) Heart rate
B) Oral temperature
C) Pain intensity
D) Socioeconomic status
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Chapter 6: Understanding the Literature Review in Published Studies
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Q1) Which of the following represents a primary source?
A) A compiled listing of articles related to the main topic of interest
B) A published summary of the relevant research in a clinical care area
C) A report of a study written by the researcher who did the study
D) A review of the current literature of an identified clinical problem
Q2) Which of the following would not be empirical research?
A) Editorial in a prestigious research journal
B) Examination of ways to reduce test anxiety
C) Master's thesis-because it is conducted by a student
D) Small study with a sample size of 10
Q3) In conducting a thorough critique of a literature review in a published study, which of the following are expected of the critique writer?
A) A count must be made to make sure that the correct number of sources has been included.
B) The reviewer must examine the quality and content of the sources presented.
C) The reviewer must study the reference list to check for validity of the literature.
D) To determine that all relevant literature has been included, the reviewer must search the literature for relevant sources.
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Chapter 7: Understanding Theory and Research
Frameworks
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Q1) Which of the following provides a partial map for the indicated relationship drawn from this research title? "Effects of attendance and effort on cognitive and physical functioning among older adults in a long-term exercise program"
A) Cognitive function attendance in a long-term exercise program
B) Effort physical functioning
C) Long-term exercise program older adults
D) Physical function effort in an exercise program
Q2) In the research report, what can the reader expect in a theoretical statement? A theoretical statement:
A) is always clearly identified.
B) would only be discussed in the framework section; may be implied.
C) may be omitted if variables are not yet well defined.
D) would only be discussed in the framework section.
Q3) Which of the following links most closely to middle range theory?
A) Basic research
B) Clinical practice
C) Conceptual models
D) Grand theories
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Chapter 8: Clarifying Quantitative Research Designs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nurses in a hypertension clinic have found that many patients do not comply with their treatment regimen. They designed an intervention based on Bandura's social cognitive theory and wanted to study the effect of this intervention in a convenience sample. Which of the following designs would be best suited?
A) Correlational
B) Descriptive
C) Exploratory
D) Quasi-experimental
Q2) Which will help avoid the external validity of a study?
A) Hawthorne effect
B) Laboratory setting
C) Representativeness of the sample
D) Tight controls over all groups
Q3) In experimental research, the researcher's control of the "treatment" is referred to as: A) bias.
B) manipulation.
C) random selection.
D) validity.
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Chapter 9: Examining Populations and Samples in Research
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Q1) In a study investigating nurses' attitudes toward taking care of respiratory disease patients who had a long history of smoking, the researcher randomly selected a sample from a list of all the registered nurses from a randomly selected list of four states in the Southeast. Because the sample was drawn randomly, to what population can the findings of the study be generalized? Registered nurses in the:
A) Selected four states
B) Southeast
C) Southeast who are actively working
D) United States
Q2) Which of the following research settings is not correctly paired with the type of setting?
A) Clinical research unit-highly controlled setting
B) Indoor playroom-natural setting
C) Primary care clinic-partially controlled setting
D) Subject's home-partially controlled setting
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Chapter 10: Clarifying Measurement and Data Collection in Quantitative Research
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Q1) Interviews are generally preferable to questionnaires because:
A) the quality of data tends to be higher.
B) there is less opportunity for bias.
C) they are easier to analyze.
D) they are less expensive.
Q2) Which of the following scales has an absolute zero point?
A) Interval
B) Nominal
C) Ordinal
D) Ratio
Q3) One limitation of observation as a data collection technique is that observation is:
A) controlled.
B) inflexible.
C) structured.
D) subjective.
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Chapter 11: Understanding Statistics in Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following interpretations is acceptable as worded?
A) Findings suggest that cholesterol levels influence cardiac blood flow.
B) Results demonstrate that lithium has hazardous side effects in all humans.
C) The positive correlation between age and reaction time indicates that age is a causal factor in automobile accidents.
D) The study proved that cigarette smoking causes lung cancer.
Q2) The information, "t = 9.28 (df = 18)" indicates:
A) that it is unlikely there is a significant difference in scores between groups.
B) that more than two groups of subjects participated in the study.
C) nothing about the statistical significance of the findings.
D) that scores for analysis came from independent groups of subjects.
Q3) Which of the following is true about Type I errors?
A) Considered only when results are not statistically significant in a study
B) Extremely likely to happen when p is less than 0.001
C) More likely to happen when p is less than 0.01 rather than p is less than 0.05
D) Occur when the researcher says there is a significance, but findings are actually not statistically significant
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Chapter 12: Critical Appraisal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Nursing Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) How is an intellectual critical appraisal different from other kinds of critiques? An intellectual critical appraisal:
A) focuses on the strengths of the study rather than the negative components.
B) is used to determine the quality of empirical evidence generated by studies.
C) judges the researcher's ability to conduct the study.
D) looks at both the work itself and the creator of the work.
Q2) The following hypothesis, daily "doses of humor" will cause arthritis sufferers to use less pain medication and exercise longer, was listed in a study being critiqued. What kind of hypothesis is this?
A) Associative, complex
B) Causal, nondirectional
C) Complex, directional
D) Simple, directional
Q3) Which of the following would be a reasonable critique of a study title? The title:
A) provided the study's focus without becoming lengthy.
B) seemed to appropriately represent the study content.
C) was lackluster and did not invite the reader's attention.
D) was much too long but accurately conveyed the content.
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Chapter 13: Building an Evidence-Based Nursing Practice
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Q1) Which of the following is the last stage in Stetler's research utilization model?
A) Evaluation
B) Comparative Evaluation
C) Translation/Application
D) Preparation
Q2) The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) is noted for development of which of the following?
A) A use model for the implementation of research findings in the provision of health care
B) An international panel of experts to determine the areas requiring research to improve health care
C) Clinical practice guidelines to direct health care practices
D) Integrative reviews of nursing research to be shared with other health care providers
Q3) Stetler and Marram developed a model concerned with:
A) research use.
B) role progression from novice to expert.
C) strategies for coping and change.
D) system stability and adaptability.
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Chapter 14: Introduction to Outcomes Research
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Q1) Which of the following is a major component of the nursing role effectiveness model?
A) Patient-health outcomes
B) Patient interaction
C) Physician understanding of the nurse role
D) Staff-patient ratio
Q2) Which of the following is the specific problem in trying to conduct "true" outcomes research?
A) Health care personnel are too busy.
B) It would require more funding than is ordinarily available.
C) Researchers have little interest in outcomes research.
D) There is fear of what the study will discover about the health care facility.
Q3) According to the nursing role effectiveness model, which of the following would affect the nurse's ability to engage effectively in an activity, such as giving a patient a back rub to help promote sleep?
A) Dependent role functions
B) Execution of medical orders
C) Nurse-physician relationship
D) Patient acuity level
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