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Physics for Scientists and Engineers

Chapter Exam Questions

Course Introduction

Physics for Scientists and Engineers is a comprehensive course designed to introduce the fundamental principles of physics with a strong emphasis on problem-solving and analytical skills relevant to science and engineering applications. Topics typically include classical mechanics, thermodynamics, waves, electromagnetism, optics, and, in advanced segments, elements of modern physics such as quantum mechanics and relativity. The course integrates theoretical concepts with practical laboratory experiments to enhance conceptual understanding and equip students with the tools necessary to apply physics principles in real-world engineering and scientific contexts.

Recommended Textbook

University Physics with Modern Physics 14th Edition by Hugh D. Young

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Page 2

Chapter 1: Units,physical Quantities,and Vectors

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Sample Questions

Q1) What is the difference between 103.5 and 102.24 written with the correct number of significant figures?

A) 1

B) 1.3

C) 1.26

D) 1.260

E) 1.2600

Answer: B

Q2) The current definition of the standard second of time is based on

A) the frequency of radiation emitted by cesium atoms.

B) the earth's rotation rate.

C) the duration of one year.

D) the oscillation of a particular pendulum kept in France.

Answer: A

Q3) If an operatic aria lasts for 5.75 min,its length expressed in seconds is x s,where x is A) less than 5.75.

B) greater than 5.75.

Answer: B

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Chapter 2: Motion Along a Straight Line

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Q1) When can we be certain that the average velocity of an object is always equal to its instantaneous velocity?

A) always

B) never

C) only when the velocity is constant

D) only when the acceleration is constant

E) only when the acceleration is changing at a constant rate

Answer: C

Q2) Suppose that a car traveling to the west (the -x direction)begins to slow down as it approaches a traffic light.Which statement concerning its acceleration in the x direction is correct?

A) Both its acceleration and its velocity are positive.

B) Both its acceleration and its velocity are negative.

C) Its acceleration is positive but its velocity is negative.

D) Its acceleration is negative but its velocity is positive.

Answer: C

Q3) If the acceleration of an object is negative,the object must be slowing down.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

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Chapter 3: Motion in Two or Three Dimensions

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Sample Questions

Q1) Two particles,A and B,are in uniform circular motion about a common center.The acceleration of particle A is 8.5 times that of particle B.The period of particle B is 2.0 times the period of particle A.The ratio of the radius of the motion of particle A to that of particle B is closest to

A) rA/rB = 2.1.

B) rA/rB = 4.3.

C) rA/rB = 18.

D) rA/rB = 0.24.

E) rA/rB = 17.

Answer: A

Q2) If an object travels at a constant speed in a circular path,the acceleration of the object is

A) larger in magnitude the smaller the radius of the circle.

B) in the same direction as the velocity of the object.

C) smaller in magnitude the smaller the radius of the circle.

D) in the opposite direction of the velocity of the object.

E) zero.

Answer: A

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Chapter 4: Newtons Laws of Motion

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Sample Questions

Q1) A ball is tossed vertically upward.When it reaches its highest point (before falling back downward)

A) the velocity is zero, the acceleration is directed downward, and the force of gravity acting on the ball is directed downward.

B) the velocity is zero, the acceleration is zero, and the force of gravity acting on the ball is zero.

C) the velocity is zero, the acceleration is zero, and the force of gravity acting on the ball is directed downward.

D) the velocity and acceleration reverse direction, but the force of gravity on the ball remains downward.

E) the velocity, acceleration, and the force of gravity on the ball all reverse direction.

Q2) An object is moving to the right,and experiencing a net force that is directed to the right.The magnitude of the force is decreasing with time.The speed of the object is A) increasing.

B) decreasing.

C) constant in time.

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Chapter 5: Applying Newtons Laws

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Sample Questions

Q1) A block is given a very brief push up a 20.0° frictionless incline to give it an initial speed of 12.0 m/s.

(a)How far along the surface of the plane does the block slide before coming to rest?

(b)How much time does it take to return to its starting position?

Q2) A 250-kg crate is on a rough ramp,inclined at 30° above the horizontal.The coefficient of kinetic friction between the crate and ramp is 0.22.A horizontal force of 5000 N is applied to the crate,pushing it up the ramp.What is the acceleration of the crate?

A) 8.4 m/s2

B) 10 m/s2

C) 12 m/s2

D) 13 m/s2

E) 3.4 m/s2

Q3) Suppose a highway curve is properly banked to eliminate friction for a speed of 45 mph.If your tires were bald and you wanted to avoid sliding on the road,you would have to drive

A) somewhat below 45 mph.

B) somewhat above 45 mph.

C) at exactly 45 mph.

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Page 7

Chapter 6: Work and Kinetic Energy

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Q1) Consider a plot of the displacement (x)as a function of the applied force (F)for an ideal elastic spring.The slope of the curve would be

A) the spring constant.

B) the reciprocal of the spring constant.

C) the acceleration due to gravity.

D) the reciprocal of the acceleration of gravity.

E) the mass of the object attached to the spring.

Q2) Two men,Joel and Jerry,push against a wall.Jerry stops after 10 min,while Joel is able to push for 5.0 min longer.Compare the work they do.

A) Both men do positive work, but Joel does 75% more work than Jerry.

B) Both men do positive work, but Joel does 50% more work than Jerry.

C) Both men do positive work, but Jerry does 50% more work than Joel.

D) Both men do positive work, but Joel does 25% more work than Jerry.

E) Neither of them does any work.

Q3) A 7.0-kg rock is subject to a variable force given by the equation F(x)= 6.0 N - (2.0 N/m)x + (6.0 N/m2)x2

If the rock initially is at rest at the origin,find its speed when it has moved 9.0 m.

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Chapter 7: Potential Energy and Energy Conservation

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Sample Questions

Q1) A girl throws a stone from a bridge.Consider the following ways she might throw the stone.The speed of the stone as it leaves her hand is the same in each case,and air resistance is negligible. Case A: Thrown straight up.

Case B: Thrown straight down.

Case C: Thrown out at an angle of 45° above horizontal.

Case D: Thrown straight out horizontally.

In which case will the speed of the stone be greatest when it hits the water below?

A) Case A

B) Case B

C) Case C

D) Case D

E) The speed will be the same in all cases.

Q2) When an object is solely under the influence of conservative forces,the sum of its kinetic and potential energies does not change.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 8: Momentum,impulse,and Collisions

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Sample Questions

Q1) Two automobiles traveling at right angles to each other collide and stick together.Car A has a mass of 1200 kg and had a speed of 25 m/s before the collision.Car B has a mass of 1600 kg.The skid marks show that,immediately after the collision,the wreckage was moving in a direction making an angle of 40° with the original direction of car A.What was the speed of car B before the collision,assuming that any other unbalanced forces are negligible?

A) 16 m/s

B) 18 m/s

C) 11 m/s

D) 21 m/s

E) 14 m/s

Q2) A 310-g air track cart is traveling at 1.25 m/s and a 260-g cart traveling in the opposite direction at 1.33 m/s.What is the speed of the center of mass of the two carts?

A) 2.80 m/s

B) 0.0732 m/s

C) 0.131 m/s

D) 1.47 m/s

E) 1.29 m/s

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Page 10

Chapter 9: Rotation of Rigid Bodies

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Sample Questions

Q1) As you are leaving a building,the door opens outward.If the hinges on the door are on your right,what is the direction of the angular velocity of the door as you open it?

A) up

B) down

C) to your left

D) to your right

E) forwards

Q2) A slender uniform rod 100.00 cm long is used as a meter stick.Two parallel axes that are perpendicular to the rod are considered.The first axis passes through the 50-cm mark and the second axis passes through the 30-cm mark.What is the ratio of the moment of inertia through the second axis to the moment of inertia through the first axis?

A) I2/I1 = 1.5

B) I2/I1 = 1.7

C) I2/I1 = 1.9

D) I2/I1 = 2.1

E) I2/I1 = 2.3

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Chapter 10: Dynamics of Rotational Motion

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Sample Questions

Q1) A solid,uniform sphere of mass 2.0 kg and radius 1.7 m rolls from rest without slipping down an inclined plane of height 7.0 m.What is the angular velocity of the sphere at the bottom of the inclined plane?

A) 5.8 rad/s

B) 9.9 rad/s

C) 11 rad/s

D) 7.0 rad/s

Q2) In an experiment,a student brings up the rotational speed of a piece of laboratory apparatus to 30.0 rpm.She then allows the apparatus to slow down uniformly on its own,and counts 240 revolutions before the apparatus comes to a stop.The moment of inertia of the apparatus is known to be 0.0850 kg m2.What is the magnitude of the retarding torque on the apparatus?

A) 0.0425 N m

B) 0.159 N m

C) 0.0787 N m

D) 0.000278 N m

E) 0.0000136 N m

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Page 12

Chapter 11: Equilibrium and Elasticity

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Sample Questions

Q1) A shear force of 400 N is applied to one face of an aluminum cube with sides of 30 cm while the opposite face is held fixed in place.What is the resulting displacement of the face? (The shear modulus for aluminum is 2.5 × 1010 N/m2)

A) 1.9 × 10-8 m

B) 2.6 × 10-8 m

C) 4.4 × 10-8 m

D) 5.3 × 10-8 m

E) 8.2 × 10-8 m

Q2) A 12-L volume of oil is subjected to a pressure change,which produces a volume strain on the oil of -3.0 × 10-4.The bulk modulus of the oil is 6.0 × 109 N/m2 and is independent of the pressure.What is the pressure change that produced the volume strain in the oil?

A) 1.2 MN/m2

B) 1.4 MN/m2

C) 1.6 MN/m2

D) 1.8 MN/m2

E) 2.0 MN/m2

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Chapter 12: Fluid Mechanics

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Sample Questions

Q1) Incompressible water flows out of a large reservoir through a pipe that opens to the atmosphere 5.70 m below the level of the water in the reservoir.What is the speed of the water as it comes out of the pipe?

A) 1.72 m/s

B) 7.47 m/s

C) 55.8 m/s

D) 10.6 m/s

E) 27.9 m/s

Q2) As the speed of a moving fluid increases,the pressure in the fluid

A) increases.

B) remains constant.

C) decreases.

D) may increase or decrease, depending on the density of the fluid.

Q3) Salt water is more dense than fresh water.A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water.Compared to the fresh water,the volume of salt water displaced by the ship is A) greater than the volume of fresh water.

B) less than the volume of fresh water.

C) the same as the volume of fresh water.

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Chapter 13: Gravitation

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Sample Questions

Q1) A satellite that weighs 4900 N on the launchpad travels around the earth's equator in a circular orbit with a period of 1.667 h.The earth's mass is 5.97 × 1024 kg,its equatorial radius is 6.3 × 106 m,and G = 6.67 × 10-11 N m2/kg2.

(a)Calculate the magnitude of the earth's gravitational force on the satellite.

(b)Determine the altitude of the satellite above the Earth's SURFACE.

Q2) If the mass of the earth and all objects on it were suddenly doubled,but the size remained the same,the acceleration due to gravity at the surface would become

A) 4 times what it now is.

B) 2 times what it now is.

C) the same as it now is.

D) 1/2 of what it now is.

E) 1/4 of what it now is.

Q3) A small-sized 155-kg mass is located 1.50 m from a small-sized 275-kg mass,with both masses fixed in place.Where should you place a third small-sized mass so that the net gravitational force on it due to the original two masses is zero?

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Page 15

Chapter 14: Periodic Motion

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Sample Questions

Q1) A long thin uniform rod of length 1.50 m is to be suspended from a frictionless pivot located at some point along the rod so that its pendulum motion takes 3.00 s.How far from the center of the rod should the pivot be located?

A) 7.98 cm

B) 7.52 cm

C) 8.73 cm

D) 8.40 cm

E) 23.4 cm

Q2) An object that weighs 2.450 N is attached to an ideal massless spring and undergoes simple harmonic oscillations with a period of 0.640 s.What is the spring constant of the spring?

A) 2.45 N/m

B) 12.1 N/m

C) 24.1 N/m

D) 0.102 N/m

E) 0.610 N/m

Q3) An object of mass 6.8 kg is attached to an ideal massless spring of spring constant 1690 N/m.The object is Calculate the maximum speed the object reaches during its motion.

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Page 16

Chapter 15: Mechanical Waves

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Sample Questions

Q1) A heavy stone of mass m is hung from the ceiling by a thin 8.25-g wire that is 65.0 cm long.When you gently pluck the upper end of the wire,a pulse travels down the wire and returns 7.84 ms later,having reflected off the lower end.The stone is heavy enough to prevent the lower end of the wire from moving.What is the mass m of the stone?

A) 8.90 kg

B) 23.1 kg

C) 35.6 kg

D) 227 kg

E) 349 kg

Q2) Two people are talking at a distance of 3.0 m from where you are and you measure the sound intensity as 1.1 × 10-7 W/m2.Another student is 4.0 m away from the talkers.What sound intensity does the other student measure? Assume that the sound spreads out uniformly and undergoes no significant reflections or absorption.

A) 6.2 × 10-8 W/m2

B) 1.5 × 10-7 W/m2

C) 8.3 × 10-8 W/m2

D) 7.8 × 10-7 W/m2

E) 2.5 × 10-8 W/m2

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Page 17

Chapter 16: Sound and Hearing

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Q1) The lowest-pitch tone to resonate in a pipe of length L that is closed at one end and open at the other end is 200 Hz.Which one of the following frequencies will NOT resonate in the same pipe?

A) 400 Hz

B) 600 Hz

C) 1000 Hz

D) 1400 Hz

E) 1800 Hz

Q2) Radio station KBOB broadcasts at a frequency of 85.7 MHz on your dial using radio waves that travel at 3.00 × 108 m/s.Since most of the station's audience is due south of the transmitter,the managers of KBOB don't want to waste any energy broadcasting to the east and west.They decide to build two towers,transmitting in phase at exactly the same frequency,aligned on an east-west axis.For engineering reasons,the two towers must be AT LEAST 10.0 m apart.What is the shortest distance between the towers that will eliminate all broadcast power to the east and west?

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Chapter 17: Temperature and Heat

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Q1) A thermally isolated system is made up of a hot piece of aluminum and a cold piece of copper; the aluminum and the copper are in thermal contact.The specific heat of aluminum is more than double that of copper.Which object experiences the greater temperature change during the time the system takes to reach thermal equilibrium?

A) The copper experiences a greater temperature change.

B) The aluminum experiences a greater temperature change.

C) Neither; both objects experience the same magnitude temperature change.

D) It is impossible to tell without knowing the masses.

E) It is impossible to tell without knowing the volumes.

Q2) When a solid melts,

A) the temperature of the substance increases.

B) the temperature of the substance decreases.

C) heat energy leaves the substance.

D) heat energy enters the substance.

Q3) When a vapor condenses,

A) the temperature of the substance increases.

B) the temperature of the substance decreases.

C) heat energy leaves the substance.

D) heat energy enters the substance.

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Page 19

Chapter 18: Thermal Properties of Matter

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Sample Questions

Q1) A sample of an ideal gas is slowly compressed to one-half its original volume with no change in temperature.What happens to the average speed of the molecules in the sample?

A) It does not change.

B) It becomes 4 times as great.

C) It becomes 2 times as great.

D) It becomes 1/2 as great.

E) It becomes 1/4 as great.

Q2) What is the mean free path of a gas of randomly-moving hard spheres of radius 2.00 × 10-9 m when the density of spheres is 3.00 × 1019 per cubic meter?

A) 1.17 × 10-4 m

B) 4.00 × 10-9 m

C) 9.76 × 10-5 m

D) 1.88 × 10-3 m

E) 4.69 × 10-4 m

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Chapter 19: The First Law of Thermodynamics

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Q1) During an isothermal process,5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas.How much work does the gas do during this process?

A) 0.00 J

B) 2.0 J

C) 5.0 J

D) -5.0 J

E) 10 J

Q2) An ideal gas with = 1.30 occupies 7.0 L at 300 K and 200 kPa pressure.It is compressed adiabatically to 1/7 of its original volume,then cooled at constant volume to 300 K,and finally allowed to expand isothermally to 7.0 L.How much work does the gas do during this process? The ideal gas constant is R = 8.314 J/mol K = 0.0821 L atm/mol K.

A) -980 J

B) 6400 J

C) -270,000 J

D) -6400 J

E) 980 J

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Chapter 20: The Second Law of Thermodynamics

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Q1) An engine manufacturer makes the claim that the engine they have developed will,on each cycle,take 100 J of heat out of boiling water at 100°C,do mechanical work of 80 J,and exhaust 20 J of heat at 10°C.What,if anything,is wrong with this claim?

A) The heat exhausted must always be greater than the work done according to the second law of thermodynamics.

B) This engine violates the first law of thermodynamics because 100 J + 20 J 80 J.

C) An engine would operate by taking in heat at the lower temperature and exhausting heat at the higher temperature.

D) The efficiency of this engine is greater than the ideal Carnot cycle efficiency.

E) There is nothing wrong with this claim because 100 J = 20 J + 80 J.

Q2) As a result of any natural process,the total entropy of any system plus that of its environment

A) never decreases.

B) sometimes decreases.

C) never increases.

D) always stays the same.

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Chapter 21: Electric Charge and Electric Field

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Q1) A 5.0- C point charge is placed at the 0.00 cm mark of a meter stick and a -4.0- C point charge is placed at the 50 cm mark.At what point on a line joining the two charges is the electric field due to these charges equal to zero?

Q2) A +7.00 C point charge and -9.00 C point charge are placed along the x-axis at x = 0.000 cm and x = 40.0 cm,respectively.Where must a third charge,q,be placed along the x-axis so that it does not experience any net electric force due to the other two charges?

A) -0.200 m

B) 2.99 m

C) -0.187 m

D) -2.99 m

E) 0.187 m

Q3) A piece of plastic has a net charge of +2.00 C.How many more protons than electrons does this piece of plastic have? (e = 1.60 × 10-19 C)

A) 1.25 × 1013

B) 1.25 × 1019

C) 2.50 × 1013

D) 2.50 × 1019

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Chapter 22: Gausss Law

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Q1) Consider a spherical Gaussian surface of radius R centered at the origin.A charge Q is placed inside the sphere.To maximize the magnitude of the flux of the electric field through the Gaussian surface,the charge should be located

A) at x = 0, y = 0, z = R/2.

B) at the origin.

C) at x = R/2, y = 0, z = 0.

D) at x = 0, y = R/2, z = 0.

E) The charge can be located anywhere, since flux does not depend on the position of the charge as long as it is inside the sphere.

Q2) A non-conducting sphere of radius R = 7.0 cm carries a charge Q = 4.0 mC distributed uniformly throughout its volume.At what distance,measured from the center of the sphere,does the electric field reach a value equal to half its maximum value?

A) 3.5 cm only

B) 4.9 cm only

C) 3.5 cm and 9.9 cm

D) 3.5 cm and 4.9 cm

E) 9.9 cm only

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Page 24

Chapter 23: Electric Potential

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Q1) An extremely long thin wire carries a uniform linear charge density of 358 nC/m.Find the potential difference between points 5.0 m and 6.0 m from the wire,provided they are not near either end of the wire.(k = 1/4 0 = 8.99 × 109 N m2/C2)

A) 1.2 kV

B) 6.0 kV

C) 0.21 kV

D) 0.215 kV

Q2) If the electric potential in a region is given by V(x)= 6/x2,the x component of the electric field in that region is

A) -12x-3.

B) -6x.

C) 12x-3.

D) 12x.

E) 6x.

Q3) A half-ring (semicircle)of uniformly distributed charge Q has radius R.What is the electric potential at its center?

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Page 25

Chapter 24: Capacitance and Dielectrics

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Q1) When two or more capacitors are connected in series across a potential difference, A) the potential difference across the combination is the algebraic sum of the potential differences across the individual capacitors.

B) each capacitor carries the same amount of charge.

C) the equivalent capacitance of the combination is less than the capacitance of any of the capacitors.

D) All of the above choices are correct.

E) None of the above choices are correct.

Q2) When two or more capacitors are connected in parallel across a potential difference A) the potential difference across each capacitor is the same.

B) each capacitor carries the same amount of charge.

C) the equivalent capacitance of the combination is less than the capacitance of any of the capacitors.

D) All of the above choices are correct.

E) None of the above choices are correct.

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Chapter 25: Current,resistance,and Electromotive Force

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Q1) The power rating of a 400- resistor is 0.800 W.

(a)What is the maximum voltage that can be applied across this resistor without damaging it?

(b)What is the maximum current this resistor can draw without damaging it?

Q2) The temperature coefficient of resistivity for copper is 0.0068 (C°)-1.If a copper wire has a resistance of 104 at 20°C,what is its resistance 80°C?

A) 192

B) 42

C) 71

D) 161

E) 146

Q3) When a potential difference of 10 V is placed across a certain solid cylindrical resistor,the current through it is 2 A.If the diameter of this resistor is now tripled,the current will be

A) 2/9 A.

B) 2/3 A.

C) 2 A.

D) 3 A.

E) 18 A.

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Chapter 26: Direct-Current Circuits

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Q1) A 4.0- F capacitor that is initially uncharged is connected in series with a 4.0-k resistor and an ideal 17.0-V battery.How much energy is stored in the capacitor 17 ms after the battery has been connected?

A) 250,000 nJ

B) 15,000 kJ

C) 25 µJ

D) 890 nJ

Q2) When a 100- resistor is connected across the terminals of a battery of emf and internal resistance r,the battery delivers 0.794 W of power to the 100- resistor.When the 100- resistor is replaced by a 200- resistor,the battery delivers 0.401 W of power to the 200- resistor.What are the emf and internal resistance of the battery?

A) = 10.0 V, r = 5.02

B) = 4.50 V, r = 4.00

C) = 9.00 V, r = 2.04

D) = 9.00 V, r = 1.01

E) = 12.0 V, r = 6.00

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Chapter 27: Magnetic Field and Magnetic Forces

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Q1) A beam of electrons is accelerated through a potential difference of 10 kV before entering a region having uniform electric and magnetic fields that are perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the direction in which the electron is moving.If the magnetic field in this region has a value of 0.010 T,what magnitude of the electric field is required if the particles are to be undeflected as they pass through the region?

A) 2.3 × 103 V/m

B) 7.9 × 103 V/m

C) 5.9 × 105 V/m

D) 6.0 × 105 V/m

E) 7.2 × 106 V/m

Q2) A 15-turn rectangular loop of wire of width 10 cm and length 20 cm has a current of 2.5 A flowing through it.Two sides of the loop are oriented parallel to a uniform magnetic field of strength 0.037 T,and the other two sides are perpendicular to the magnetic field.

(a)What is the magnitude of the magnetic moment of the loop? (b)What torque does the magnetic field exert on the loop?

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Chapter 28: Sources of Magnetic Field

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Q1) A toroidal solenoid has a central radius of 0.50 m and a cross-sectional diameter of 10 cm.When a current passes through the coil of the solenoid,the magnetic field inside the solenoid at its CENTER has a magnitude of 2.0 T.What is the largest value of the magnetic field inside the solenoid when this current is flowing? ( 0 = 4 × 10-7 T m/A)

A) 3.5 µT

B) 1.8 µT

C) 2.2 µT

D) 0.50 µT

E) 2.8 µT

Q2) At what distance from the central axis of a long straight thin wire carrying a current of 5.0 A is the magnitude of the magnetic field due to the wire equal to the strength of the Earth's magnetic field of about 5.0 × 10-5 T? ( 0 = 4 × 10-7 T m/A)

A) 1.0 cm

B) 2.0 cm

C) 3.0 cm

D) 4.0 cm

E) 5.0 cm

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Page 30

Chapter 29: Electromagnetic Induction

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Q1) A rectangular coil having N turns and measuring 15 cm by 25 cm is rotating in a uniform 1.6-T magnetic field with a frequency of 75 Hz.The rotation axis is perpendicular to the direction of the field.If the coil develops a sinusoidal emf of maximum value 56.9 V,what is the value of N?

A) 2

B) 4

C) 6

D) 8

E) 10

Q2) A coil of 160 turns and area 0.20 m2 is placed with its axis parallel to a magnetic field of initial magnitude 0.40 T.The magnetic field changes uniformly from 0.40 T in the +x direction to 0.40 T in the -x direction in 2.0 s.If the resistance of the coil is 16 ,at what rate is power generated in the coil?

A) 5.0 W

B) 10 W

C) 15 W

D) 20 W

E) 25 W

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Chapter 30: Inductance

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Q1) An LC circuit consists of a 3.4-µF capacitor and a coil with a self-inductance 0.080 H and no appreciable resistance.At t = 0 the capacitor has a charge of 5.4 µC and the current in the inductor is zero.

(a)How long after t = 0 will the current in the circuit be maximum?

(b)What will be this maximum current?

Q2) An insulated wire of diameter 1.0 mm and negligible resistance is wrapped tightly around a cylindrical core of radius 5.0 cm and length 30 cm to build a solenoid.What is the energy stored in this solenoid when a current I = 0.20 A flows through it?

( 0 = 4 × 10-7 T m/A)

A) 1.2 × 10-4 J

B) 9.6 × 10-4 J

C) 4.8 × 10-4 J

D) 2.4 × 10-4 J

E) 5.9 × 10-5 J

Q3) The mutual inductance between two coils is 10.0 mH.The current in the first coil changes uniformly from 2.70 A to 5.00 A in 0.160 s.If the second coil has a resistance of 0.600 ,what is the magnitude of the induced current in the second coil?

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Chapter 31: Alternating Current

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Q1) When an LRC series circuit is driven at resonance,which of the following statements about the circuit are correct? (There may be more than one correct choice.)

A) The impedance of the circuit is zero.

B) The impedance of the circuit has its maximum value.

C) The impedance of the circuit has its minimum value.

D) The inductive reactance and the capacitive reactance are both zero.

E) The inductive reactance and the capacitive reactance are exactly equal to each other.

Q2) The inductor in a radio receiver carries a current of amplitude 200 mA when a voltage of amplitude 2.40 V is across it at a frequency of 1400 kHz.What is the value of the inductance?

A) 1.43 µH

B) 1.36 µH

C) 9.20 µH

D) 4.42 µH

E) 1.97 µH

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Chapter 32: Electromagnetic Waves

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Q1) The y component of the electric field of an electromagnetic wave traveling in the +x direction through vacuum obeys the equation Ey = (375 N/C)cos[kx - (2.20 × 1014 rad/s)t].What is the wavelength of this electromagnetic wave? (c = 3.0 × 108 m/s)

A) 0.272 µm

B) 1.36 µm

C) 2.72 µm

D) 8.57 µm

E) 17.1 µm

Q2) When an electromagnetic wave falls on a white,perfectly reflecting surface,it exerts a force F on that surface.If the surface is now painted a perfectly absorbing black,what will be the force that the same wave will exert on the surface?

A) 4F

B) 2F

C) F

D) F/2

E) F/4

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Chapter 33: The Nature and Propagation of Light

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Q1) A ray of light consisting of blue light (wavelength 480 nm)and red light (wavelength 670 nm)is incident on a thick piece of glass at 80°.What is the angular separation between the refracted red and refracted blue beams while they are in the glass? (The respective indices of refraction for the blue light and the red light are 1.4636 and 1.4561.)

A) 0.27°

B) 0.33°

C) 0.36°

D) 0.46°

E) 0.54°

Q2) A beam of light of two different wavelengths enters a pane of glass 3.00 mm thick at an angle of incidence of 56°.The indices of refraction for the two different colors are 1.514 and 1.528.Because of dispersion,the colored beams,although parallel,are separated by a small distance.How far apart are they?

A) 0.057 mm

B) 0.0083 mm

C) 0.025 mm

D) 0.014 mm

E) 0.0062 mm

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Chapter 34: Geometric Optics

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Q1) A double-convex thin lens is made of glass with an index of refraction of 1.52.The radii of curvature of the faces of the lens are 60 cm and 72 cm.What is the focal length of the lens?

A) 70 cm

B) 63 cm

C) 75 cm

D) 66 cm

E) 58 cm

Q2) An object is placed 100 cm in front of a diverging lens with a focal length of magnitude 25 cm.A converging lens having a focal length of magnitude 33.33 cm is placed 30 cm past the first lens.Where is the final image formed?

A) 30 cm after the second lens

B) 20 cm in front of the first lens

C) 3.0 meters before the second lens

D) 100 cm after the second lens

E) 3.0 cm before the second lens

Q3) A person having a near point of 25 cm and a far point at infinity uses a converging lens of focal length 5.0 cm as a magnifying glass.What is the magnification if the person's eye is relaxed (with the image at his far point)?

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Page 36

Chapter 35: Interference

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Q1) A thin layer of oil (n = 1.25)is on top of a puddle of water (n = 1.33).If normally incident 500-nm light is strongly reflected,what is the minimum nonzero thickness of the oil layer?

A) 200 nm

B) 250 nm

C) 100 nm

D) 400 nm

E) 150 nm

Q2) In a double slit experiment,the intensity of light at the center of the central bright fringe is measured to be 6.2 µW/m2.What is the intensity halfway between the center of this fringe and the first dark band,assuming that the small-angle approximation is valid?

A) 6.2 µW/m2

B) 3.1 µW/m2

C) 4.7 µW/m2

D) 1.6 µW/m2

E) 0.12 µW/m2

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Chapter 36: Diffraction

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Q1) Monochromatic light is incident on a grating that is 75 mm wide and ruled with 50,000 lines.The second-order maximum is seen at 32.5°.What is the wavelength of the incident light?

A) 202 nm

B) 403 nm

C) 452 nm

D) 605 nm

E) 806 nm

Q2) Certain planes of a crystal of halite have a spacing of 0.399 nm.The crystal is irradiated by a beam of X-rays.First order constructive interference occurs when the beam makes an angle of 20° with the planes.What is the wavelength of the X-rays?

A) 0.14 nm

B) 0.17 nm

C) 0.21 nm

D) 0.24 nm

E) 0.27 nm

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Chapter 37: Relativity

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Q1) How many joules of energy are required to accelerate a 1.0-kg mass from rest to a speed of 86.6% the speed of light? (c = 3.00 × 108 m/s)

A) 1.8 × 1017 J

B) 9.0 × 1016 J

C) 2.7 × 1012 J

D) 4.5 × 109 J

E) 3.0 × 103 J

Q2) A spaceship approaching an asteroid at a speed of 0.60c launches a rocket forward with a speed of 0.40c relative to the spaceship.At what speed is the rocket approaching the asteroid as measured by an astronaut on the asteroid?

A) 0.81c

B) 1.0c

C) 0.76c

D) 0.64c

E) 0.96c

Q3) Two spaceships are approaching one another,each at a speed of 0.28c relative to a stationary observer on Earth.What speed does an observer on one spaceship record for the other approaching spaceship?

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Chapter 38: Photons: Light Waves Behaving As Particles

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Q1) A nonrelativistic electron is confined to a length of 500 pm on the x-axis.What is the kinetic energy of the electron if its speed is equal to the minimum uncertainty possible in its speed? (h = 1.055 × 10-34 J s,mel = 9.11 × 10-31 kg,1 eV = 1.60 × 10-19 J)

A) 0.00038 eV

B) 0.0038 eV

C) 0.038 eV

D) 0.38 eV

E) 3.8 eV

Q2) If the accuracy in measuring the position of a particle increases,the accuracy in measuring its velocity will

A) increase.

B) decrease.

C) remain the same.

D) It is impossible to say since the two measurements are independent and do not affect each other.

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Chapter 39: Particles Behaving As Waves

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Q1) If the accuracy in measuring the position of a particle increases,the accuracy in measuring its velocity will

A) increase.

B) decrease.

C) remain the same.

D) It is impossible to say since the two measurements are independent and do not affect each other.

Q2) You need 14 W of infrared laser light power with wavelength 1270 nm to bore a hole in a diamond.How many downward atomic transitions per second must occur in the laser if all of them result in light directed onto the diamond? (c = 3.00 × 108 m/s,h = 6.626 × 10-34 J s)

A) 8.9 × 1019

B) 8.9 × 1018

C) 5.9 × 1019

D) 2.7 × 1018

Q3) An unstable particle produced in a high-energy collision is measured to have an energy of 483 MeV and an uncertainty in energy of 84 keV.Use the Heisenberg uncertainty principle to estimate the lifetime of this particle.( h = 1.055 × 10-34 J s = 6.59 × 10-16 eV s)

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Page 41

Chapter 40: Quantum Mechanics

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Q1) An electron is confined in a one-dimensional box (an infinite well).Two adjacent allowed energies of the electron are 1.068 × 10-18 J and 1.352 × 10-18 J.What is the length of the box? (h = 6.626 × 10-34 J s,mel = 9.11 × 10-31 kg)

A) 1.9 nm

B) 0.93 nm

C) 1.1 nm

D) 2.3 nm

Q2) An electron is in the ground state of an infinite well (a box)where its energy is 5.00 eV.In the next higher level,what would its energy be? (1 eV = 1.60 × 10-19 J)

A) 1.25 eV

B) 2.50 eV

C) 10.0 eV

D) 15.0 eV

E) 20.0 eV

Q3) The smallest kinetic energy that an electron in a box (an infinite well)can have is zero.

A)True

B)False

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Page 42

Chapter 41: Atomic Structure

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Q1) If the principal quantum number of an electron is n = 5,which one of the following is NOT an allowed magnetic quantum number ml for the electron?

A) 0

B) 2

C) 3

D) 4

E) 5

Q2) If two electrons in an atom have the same energy,then they must have the same four quantum numbers.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Consider the four quantum numbers of an electron in an atom,n,l,ml,and ms.The energy of an electron in an isolated atom depends on

A) n only.

B) n and l only.

C) n, l, and ml only.

D) l, ml, and ms only.

E) all four quantum numbers.

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Page 43

Chapter 42: Molecules and Condensed Matter

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Q1) A p-type semiconductor has a net positive charge.

A)True

B)False

Q2) A certain diatomic molecule emits a photon of energy 1.20 eV when it makes a transition from the n = 1 vibrational state to the next lower vibrational state.If the molecule made a transition from the n = 2 state to the n = 1 state,what would be the energy of the photon it would emit? (h = 6.626 × 10-34 J s,h = 1.055 × 10-34 J s,1 eV = 1.60 × 10-19 J)

A) 3.60 eV

B) 2.40 eV

C) 1.20 eV

D) 0.60 eV

E) 0.30 eV

Q3) In a p-type semiconductor,a hole is

A) a donor atom.

B) an extra electron supplied by a donor atom.

C) an extra proton supplied by a donor atom.

D) a missing atom in the crystalline structure.

E) a region where an electron is missing.

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Page 44

Chapter 43: Nuclear Physics

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Q1) An air sample is contaminated with 15O,which has a half-life of 2.03 min.One possible way to minimize its hazard is to pass it through a long pipe to allow it to decay inside the pipe until it can be safely released into the atmosphere.If the oxygen moves at a speed of 1.1 m/s in the pipe,how long must the pipe be for the sample to have decayed to 3.0% of its original activity just as it leaves the pipe?

A) 680 m

B) 8.0 m

C) 7.0 m

D) 2.0 m

Q2) A radioactive isotope decays by - emission with a half-life of 1.0 min.During the first 1.0 min,a particular sample emits 1000 - particles.During the next 1.0 min,the number of - particles this sample will emit will be closest to

A) 250.

B) 500.

C) 1000.

D) 1500.

E) 2000.

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Page 45

Chapter 44: Particle Physics and Cosmology

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Q1) What type of particle is an electron? (There may be more than one correct choice.)

A) lepton

B) meson

C) baryon

D) nucleon

E) hadron

Q2) A cyclotron is designed with a magnet that produces a magnetic field of 1.2 T.When refurbished,the magnet is replaced by one that produces a 1.5-T field.How does the maximum kinetic energy achieved by the protons change compared to their previous maximum kinetic energy?

A) It increases by 25%.

B) It decreases by 25%.

C) It increases by 56%.

D) It decreases by 56%.

E) It does not change.

Q3) Consider the negative pion, -.

(a)What combination of up and down quarks makes up this particle?

(b)Is the - a baryon or a meson?

(c)Is the - a lepton or a hadron?

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Page 46