Pharmaceutical Biochemistry Test
Bank
Course Introduction
Pharmaceutical Biochemistry explores the chemical processes and biomolecular interactions that underpin drug action, metabolism, and therapeutic efficacy within the human body. This course covers the structure and function of proteins, enzymes, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules crucial to pharmacology. Students will examine mechanisms of drug-receptor interactions, biochemical pathways relevant to disease and drug metabolism, and the molecular basis for pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Through lecture and laboratory work, the course emphasizes analytical techniques used in drug discovery and development, fostering an integrated understanding of how biochemical principles guide pharmaceutical innovation and therapy.
Recommended Textbook
Biochemistry 4th Edition by Christopher K. Mathews
Available Study Resources on Quizplus 29 Chapters
705 Verified Questions
705 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3701
Page 2
Chapter 1: The Scope of Biochemistry
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73658
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a role played by proteins?
A)structural
B)transport
C)information signaling
D)catalysts
E)all of the above
Answer: E
Q2) Since the earth is approximately 4.5 billion years old,which of the following is true regarding life on this planet?
A)life forms that arose 3.8 billion years ago were able to synthesize the building blocks of life from non-organic molecules
B)the earliest organisms on this planet were anaerobic
C)the oxygen in the earth's atmosphere was originally trapped in ice and thus unavailable for living organisms
D)all multi-cellular anaerobic organisms died out as oxygen became more plentiful
E)none of the above
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: The Matrix of Life: Weak Interactions in an Aqueous Environment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73659
Sample Questions
Q1) If gastric juice has a pH of about 1.5,which of the following would be predominantly deprotonated in the stomach?
A)phenol (pK<sub>a</sub> = 9.9)
B)acetic acid (pK<sub>a</sub> = 4.7)
C)lactic acid, (pK<sub>a</sub> = 3.9)
D)phosphoric acid (pK<sub>a</sub> = 2.1)
E)hydrochloric acid (pK<sub>a</sub> = -6)
Answer: E
Q2) Which of the following is the most likely noncovalent interaction observed between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol?
A)charge-charge interaction
B)charge-dipole interaction
C)dipole-dipole interaction
D)dipole-induced dipole interaction
E)formation of an ester bond
Answer: B
Q3) Imidazole is a commonly used buffer in biochemistry labs.With a pK<sub>a</sub> of 7.0,what would be the ratio of base to acid at pH 7.4?
Answer: 2.5 11ea8a11_436e_4b29_8b44_234f570e4c48_TB4872_00
Page 4
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 3: The Energetics of Life
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73660
Sample Questions
Q1) In the study of thermodynamics,which of the following could be examined as a system?
A)an isolated mitochondria
B)a single muscle cell
C)an entire organism
D)the entire planet Earth
E)all of the above
Answer: E
Q2) The highly exergonic nature of ATP hydrolysis is explained by which of the following?
A)the resulting orthophosphate is stabilized by resonance
B)electrostatic repulsion occurs between phosphate groups and the adenine base of ATP
C)the resulting product undergoes tautomerization to the keto form of ADP
D)the bond that is hydrolyzed is considered an ester of phosphoric acid,making it highly unstable
E)all of the above
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Nucleic Acids
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73661
Sample Questions
Q1) Replication of DNA is best considered __________.
A)conservative
B)semiconservative
C)dispersive
D)complementary
E)none of the above
Q2) Which of the following is the most commonly observed nucleic acid form for storing of genomic information?
A)single-stranded DNA
B)double-stranded DNA
C)single-stranded RNA
D)double-stranded RNA
E)hybrid molecules of DNA and RNA
Q3) Which of the following is correctly paired?
A)adenine: pyrimidine
B)RNA: ribose containing nucleic acid
C)thymine: purine
D)uracil: purine
E)DNA: ribose containing nucleic acid
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Introduction to Proteins: the Primary Level of
Protein Structure
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73662
Sample Questions
Q1) At a pH of 5,all amino acids have at least ____ charged group(s)and at most,_____ charged group(s).
A)0;1
B)1;1
C)1;2
D)2;2
E)2;3
Q2) Which of the following pairs of amino acids could form a hydrogen bond through their R-groups?
A)serine and phenylalanine
B)aspartic acid and methionine
C)histidine and tyrosine
D)alanine and glutamine
E)leucine and cysteine
Q3) Of the following amino acids,which will have a pI closest to 3?
A)Cys
B)His
C)Gly
D)Asp
E)Lys
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73663
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements regarding structural proteins is true?
A)silk fibroin is made from a repeat of three amino acids where each third amino acid is Gly
B)\(\alpha\)-keratin is composed of peptides that contain mostly \(\alpha\)-helical structure with the exception of short sequences where the peptide folds back on itself
C)collagen has its own helical structure where three individual peptides are wound around each other in a left-handed helix
D)generally speaking,structural proteins are soluble in water
E)none of the above
Q2) Draw a section of antiparallel \(\beta\)-sheet showing two sheets with three residues in each sheet.Clearly show the hydrogen bond pattern between the two sheets.
Q3) The two amino acids most often found in a polyproline II helix are proline and
A)alanine
B)glycine
C)serine
D)lysine
E)histidine
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Protein Function and Evolution
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73664
Sample Questions
Q1) When oxygen is bound to myoglobin,the amino acid _____ is complexed to the iron ion of the heme group while _______ forms a hydrogen bound to the oxygen.
A)cysteine;serine
B)cysteine;histidine
C)serine;cysteine
D)histidine;histidine
E)histidine;cysteine
Q2) Which of the following interactions causes a change from the R state (oxy form)to the T state (deoxy form)of hemoglobin?
A)interactions between heme groups
B)protonation of the R-group of His146 on the \(\beta\) subunit to allow formation of a salt bridge with Lys40 on the \(\alpha\) subunit
C)salt bridge formed by \(\alpha\)1-Arg141 to the carboxylate of \(\alpha\)2Asp126
D)protonation of the \(\alpha\)1 subunit terminal carboxyl group disrupts a salt bridge with \(\alpha\)2Lys 127
E)none of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Contractile Proteins and Molecular Motors
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73665
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following motor proteins is correctly paired with its primary function?
A)myosin V: muscle contraction
B)myosin II: cargo transport
C)cytoplasmic dynein: bending of cilia or flagella
D)axonemal dynein: cargo transport
E)none of the above
Q2) What type of secondary structure is most prominent in myosin?
A)antiparallel \(\beta\)-sheet
B)parallel \(\beta\)-sheet
C)\(\alpha\)-helix
D)3<sub>10</sub> helix
E)polyproline helix
Q3) Which portion of the myosin protein found in muscle is responsible for both ATP and actin binding?
A)heavy-chain coiled-coiled tails
B)heavy-chain stalk
C)heavy-chain globular head
D)essential light chain
E)regulatory light chain
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Carbohydrates: Sugars,saccharides,glycans
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73666
Sample Questions
Q1) The two most common amino sugars,\(\beta\)-D-glucosamine and \(\beta\)-D-galactosamine are formed from their respective carbohydrates by substitution of an amine group for the hydroxyl on carbon _____.
A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)6
Q2) Which of the following is a diastereomer of D-mannose?
A)D-gulose
B)D-altrose
C)D-idose
D)D-talose
E)all of the above
Q3) Show the interaction that would take place between the R-group of asparagine in a protein and the substituent on C-2 of an N-acetylglucosamine residue of a glycan.
Q4) Draw a \(\beta\)-disaccharide composed of glucose linked to its C-2 epimer by an \(\alpha\)(1\(\to\)4)glycosidic bond with the anomeric carbon of glucose contributing to the glycosidic bond.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: Lipids,membranes and Cellular Transport
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73667
Sample Questions
Q1) A ceramide is derived from which combination of the following?
A)a molecule of sphingosine and a monosaccharide
B)a molecule of sphingosine and a molecule of phosphocholine
C)a molecule of sphingosine and a fatty acid
D)a molecule of sphingosine and two fatty acids
E)a molecule of sphingosine,a fatty acid and a monosaccharide
Q2) Which of the following mechanisms of membrane transport is correctly defined?
A)simple diffusion: uses concentration gradient to move highly polar molecules and ions across membranes
B)facilitated diffusion: uses proteins such as ion channels to move substances against their concentration gradient across a membrane
C)primary active transport: uses ATP hydrolysis to move ions against their concentration gradient across a membrane
D)secondary active transport: uses ATP hydrolysis along with an ion gradient to move polar molecules or ions against their concentration gradient across a membrane
E)all of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
12
Chapter 11: Enzymes: Biological Catalysts
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73668
Sample Questions
Q1) In a Lineweaver-Burke plot,what does the slope represent?
A)K<sub>M</sub>
B)V<sub>max</sub>
C)V<sub>max</sub>/K<sub>M</sub>
D)K<sub>M</sub>/V<sub>max</sub>
E)none of the above
Q2) In the mechanism of chymotrypsin,which of the following amino acids found in the active site is correctly defined in terms of its role in the reaction?
A)serine: hydrogen bonds with carbonyl oxygen to withdraw electron density from the substrate
B)histidine: deprotonates aspartic acid to allow a nucleophilic attack to occur
C)aspartic acid: electrostatic stabilization of histidine to make a stronger base
D)cysteine: performs a nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon of the substrate
E)none of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
13
Chapter 12: Chemical Logic of Metabolism
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73669
Sample Questions
Q1) Many enzyme-catalyzed reactions that transfer a phosphate from one molecule to another utilize a histidine residue in the active site of the enzyme.The histidine participates in covalent catalysis by performing a nucleophilic attack on a phosphate,forming an intermediate phosphohistidine (the phosphate covalently attached to the histidine residue).Using ATP as the phosphate donor,show the reaction to form the phosphohistidine intermediate-you do not have to show arrow pushing.
Q2) Based on the following reaction,what is the respiratory quotient for stearic acid? C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>36</sub>O<sub>2</sub> + 26 O<sub>2</sub> \(\to\) 18 CO<sub>2</sub> + 18 H<sub>2</sub>O
A)1.44
B)0.69
C)1.39
D)0.72
E)none of the above
Q3) Pyruvic acid has the formula C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>3</sub>.Write the reaction for its complete combustion.What is its respiratory quotient? Does this mean that it is more oxidized or less oxidized than glucose?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter
Phosphate Pathway
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73670
Sample Questions
Q1) In most bacteria that utilize glucose,what molecule both aids in transport of glucose into the cell and is phosphorylating agent for conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate?
A)ATP
B)GTP
C)fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
D)1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
E)phosphoenolpyruvate
Q2) Which isoform of hexokinase is found in the vertebrate liver?
A)hexokinase I
B)hexokinase II
C)hexokinase III
D)hexokinase IV
E)all of the above
Q3) Which enzyme catalyzes the primary regulation site of glycolysis?
A)hexokinase
B)phosphofructokinase-1
C)glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
D)phosphoglycerate kinase
E)pyruvate kinase
Page 15
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 16
Chapter 14: Citric Acid Cycle and Glyoxylate Cycle
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73671
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an inhibitor of citrate synthase,isocitrate dehydrogenase,and \(\alpha\)-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase?
A)NADH
B)succinyl-CoA
C)ATP
D)acetyl-CoA
E)none of the above
Q2) __________ activates __________,thereby inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase.
A)NADH;pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase
B)Ca<sup>2+</sup>;pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase
C)NAD<sup>+</sup>;pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase
D)ATP;pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase
E)pyruvate;pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase
Q3) In the citric acid cycle,acetyl-CoA reacts with ________ to produce _________.
A)fumarate;\(\alpha\)-ketoglutarate
B)oxaloacetate;citrate
C)citrate;isocitrate
D)succinyl-CoA;oxaloacetate
E)malate;cis-aconitate
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 17
Chapter 15: Electron Transport, oxidative Phosphorylation, and Oxygen Metabolism
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73672
Sample Questions
Q1) In addition to iron,what metal is found in certain cytochromes?
A)manganese
B)copper
C)chromium
D)cobalt
E)zinc
Q2) What is the approximate P/O ratio if the source of electrons for the electron transport chain is FADH<sub>2</sub>?
A)1
B)1.5
C)2
D)2.5
E)3
Q3) Which of the following acts as an uncoupler of the mitochondrial proton gradient due to its action as an ionophore?
A)valinomycin
B)nigericin
C)trifluorocarbonylcyanide phenylhydrazone
D)2,4-dinitrophenol
E)cyanide
18
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 16: Photosynthesis
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73673
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following shows the overall equation for the light reactions?
A)2 H<sub>2</sub>O + 1 NADP<sup>+</sup> \(\to\) 1 H<sup>+</sup> + O<sub>2</sub> + 1 NADPH,requires 4 photons
B)2 H<sub>2</sub>O + 1 NADP<sup>+</sup> \(\to\) 1 H<sup>+</sup> + O<sub>2</sub> + 1 NADPH,requires 8 photons
C)2 H<sub>2</sub>O + 2 NADP<sup>+</sup> \(\to\) 2 H<sup>+</sup> + O<sub>2</sub> + 2 NADPH,requires 4 photons
D)2 H<sub>2</sub>O + 2 NADP<sup>+</sup> \(\to\) 2 H<sup>+</sup> + O<sub>2</sub> + 2 NADPH,requires 8 photons
E)2 H<sub>2</sub>O + 2 NADP<sup>+</sup> \(\to\) 2 H<sup>+</sup> + O<sub>2</sub> + 2 NADPH,requires 16 photons
Q2) When photorespiration occurs and phosphoglycolate must be salvaged,which of the following occurs during the salvage reactions?
A)NADP<sup>+</sup> is used in the oxidation of glycolate to glyoxylate
B)NADPH is used in the reduction of hydroxypyruvate to glycerate
C)carbon is lost in the form of CO<sub>2</sub>
D)ATP is made during the conversion of phosphoglycolate to glycolate
E)none of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19
Chapter 17: Lipid Metabolism I: Fatty
Acids,triacylglycerols,and Lipoproteins
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73674
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following represents the correct sequence of events in a cycle of \(\beta\)-oxidation beginning with a saturated fatty acyl-CoA?
A)hydration,FAD-coupled oxidation,NAD<sup>+</sup>-coupled oxidation,thiolytic cleavage
B)FAD-coupled oxidation,hydration,NAD<sup>+</sup>-coupled oxidation,thiolytic cleavage
C)FAD-coupled oxidation,NAD<sup>+</sup>-coupled oxidation,hydration,thiolytic cleavage
D)NAD<sup>+</sup>-coupled oxidation,FAD-coupled oxidation,hydration,thiolytic cleavage
E)NAD<sup>+</sup>-coupled oxidation,hydration,FAD-coupled oxidation,thiolytic cleavage
Q2) Which of the following leads to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques?
A)non-specific interactions between LDL particles
B)oxidation of LDL particles resulting in cross linking with proteins
C)uptake of oxidized LDL particles by macrophages
D)excess uptake of LDL particles converting endothelial cells to foam cells
E)none of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 20
Chapter 18: Interorgan and Intracellular Coordination of Energy Metabolism in Vertebrates
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73675
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following hormones is correctly described?
A)ghrelin: produced in pancreas,stimulates appetite
B)adiponectin: produced in adipose tissue,stimulates appetite
C)insulin: produced in pancreas,stimulates appetite
D)leptin: produced in intestines,suppresses appetite
E)none of the above
Q2) Which of the following is true of glucagon?
A)it is released from the pancreatic \(\beta\)-cells when glucose levels are low
B)its synthesis and release are exclusively under the control of epinephrine
C)the primary targets of glucagon are liver,adipose and muscle tissue
D)major pathways promoted by glucagon include glycogenolysis and glycolysis
E)none of the above
Q3) Although AMPK and mTOR generally play opposing roles in metabolic control,which of the following pathways is activated by both of these molecules?
A)glucose transport
B)glycolysis
C)gluconeogenesis
D)cholesterol synthesis
E)none of the above
Page 21
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 19: Lipid Metabolism Ii: Membrane Lipids, steroids,
isoprenoids, and Eicosanoids
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73676
Sample Questions
Q1) How is the activity of HMG-CoA reductase reduced?
A)allosteric inhibition by cholesterol
B)ubiquitination in response to sterol accumulation resulting in proteolysis
C)serine phosphorylation by an insulin-activated protein kinase
D)tyrosine phosphorylation by AMPK
E)none of the above
Q2) The synthesis of the glycosphingolipids begins with the reaction of either UDP-glucose or UDP-galactose with _____________.
A)ceramide
B)sphinganine
C)sphingosine
D)sphingomyelin
E)none of the above
Q3) Which of the following is the regulatory step in cholesterol synthesis?
A)HMG-CoA synthase
B)HMG-CoA lyase
C)HMG-CoA reductase
D)squalene synthase
E)squalene epoxidase
Q4) Show the reaction catalyzed by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutrayl-CoA reductase.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 22
Chapter 20: Metabolism of Nitrogenous Compounds I:
Principles of Biosynthesis, utilization, and Turnover
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73677
Sample Questions
Q1) The reaction of ammonia with \(\alpha\)-ketoglutarate is catalyzed by _________ and requires _________ as a reactant.
A)glutamate synthetase;ATP
B)glutamate synthetase;NADH or NADPH
C)glutamate dehydrogenase;ATP
D)glutamate dehydrogenase;NADH or NADPH
E)none of the above
Q2) Ubiquitin is added to _________ residues of the target protein by reaction with the terminal __________ group of ubiquitin.
A)lysine;carboxyl
B)serine;carboxyl
C)cysteine;carboxyl
D)glutamate;amine
E)glutamine;amine
Q3) What would be the energy requirements of the urea cycle if both nitrogens of urea came from glutamine (assuming that any NADH made was re-oxidized via electron transport/oxidative phosphorylation)? Explain how this is possible.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 23
Chapter 21: Metabolism of Nitogenous Compounds Ii:
Amino Acids, porphyrins, and Neurotransmitters
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73678
Sample Questions
Q1) Glyphosate,the active molecule in the herbicide Roundup,is an inhibitor of the enzyme 5-enolpuruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase in the chorismate synthesis pathway.Which of the following amino acids would not be produced in a plant treated with Roundup?
A)glycine
B)serine
C)tyrosine
D)valine
E)proline
Q2) One route for tryptophan degradation leads to the coenzyme _____________.
A)pyridoxal phosphate
B)FAD
C)NAD<sup>+</sup>
D)tetrahydrobiopterin
E)none of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 24
Chapter 22: Nucleotide Metabolism
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73679
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following correctly describes the activity or regulation of E coli ribonucleotide reductase?
A)the overall activity of the enzyme is controlled by ATP and dATP
B)the specificity of the enzyme is controlled by all four dNTPs
C)a tyrosine free radical participates in the reaction
D)the reduction is not a result of simple hydride transfer
E)all of the above
Q2) During the conversion of IMP to GMP and AMP,__________ serves as the nitrogen source for GMP,while _________ serves as the nitrogen source for AMP.
A)glutamate,asparagine
B)glutamate,aspartate
C)glutamine,asparagine
D)glutamine,aspartate
E)none of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 23: Mechanisms of Signal Transduction
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73680
Sample Questions
Q1) Amphetamine and mescaline are agonists of ____________,the neurotransmitter often considered a "pleasure agent."
A)serotonin
B)\(\gamma\)-aminobutyric acid
C)N-methyl-D-aspartate
D)glutamate
E)dopamine
Q2) The enkephalins,along with \(\beta\)-endorphin,bind to the opioid receptor,so named because the opiate drugs such as __________ bind to it with high affinity
A)morphine
B)fluoxetine (Prozac)
C)phencyclidine
D)methyl phenidylacetate (Ritalin)
E)lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
Q3) Insulin activates glycogen synthase while glucagon inhibits glycogen synthase.Explain the intracellular mechanisms that are used to bring about this activity.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 24: Genes,genomes and Chromosomes
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73681
Sample Questions
Q1) What chemical modification of host DNA is used to protect it against cleavage by the host's own restriction enzymes?
A)methylation
B)phosphorylation
C)acetylation
D)conversion of some cytosine to uracil
E)conversion of some guanosine to inosine
Q2) Which histone protein is associated with the linker DNA and therefore not actually part of the nucleosome?
A)H1
B)H2A
C)H2B
D)H3
E)H4
Q3) What does a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)allow one to do?
A)selective analysis of yeast replication and transcription
B)incorporation of eukaryotic genes into prokaryotic cells
C)sequence analysis of DNA fragments up to 10<sup>6</sup> base pairs in size
D)analysis of chromosomal-sized DNA in the absence of centromeres and telomeres
E)all of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 27
Chapter 25: Dna Replication
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73682
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is required for DNA polymerase I activity?
A)3' hydroxyl group
B)ATP,GTP,TTP and CTP
C)Zn<sup>2+</sup>
D)an RNA template
E)all of the above
Q2) Which of the following is an 11-base consensus sequence that makes up the autonomously replicating sequence present in yeast DNA that is a requirement for the start of replication?
A)5'-GTGCGTGCGTG-3'
B)5'-CCTCCTGGTGG-3'
C)5'-AAGCGCGCGCC-3'
D)5'-GGTGGACCTCC-3'
E)5'-TTTTATATTTT-3'
Q3) Which of the following exonuclease activities is present in DNA polymerase I?
A)3' exonuclease that degrades double stranded DNA
B)3' exonuclease that degrades hairpin DNA
C)5' exonuclease that degrades single stranded DNA
D)5' exonuclease that removes RNA from a DNA-RNA duplex
E)none of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 28
Chapter 26: Dna Restructuring:
Repair,recombination,rearrangement,amplification
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73683
Sample Questions
Q1) In order for lysogeny to occur,the enzyme ______________ must insert the phage DNA into a specific site in the bacterial chromosome.
A)ligase
B)lysogenase
C)helicase
D)integrase
E)none of the above
Q2) Using the following DNA segment,show how microsatellite instability is present through a 2-base deletion as a result of loop creation within the A-C repeating sequence.Give the sequence after the first round of replication (with loop)and after the second round of replication.
Template strand: 3'-C-A-C-A-C-A-C-A-C-A-5'
Q3) A transposable element in a eukaryotic cell is called a _____________.
A)retrotransposon
B)long terminal repeat
C)oncogene
D)replicative transposon
E)composite transposon
Page 29
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 27: Information Readout: Transcription and Post-Transcriptional Processing
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73684
Sample Questions
Q1) The figure below shows a newly transcribed mRNA still associated with the template DNA.Draw the stem-loop structure that often forms during termination.
3'-GGTCGGGCGGATTACTCGCCCGAAAAAAAA-5'
5'-CCAGCCCGCCUAAUGAGCGGGCUUUUUUUU-3'
Q2) Which subunit of E.coli RNA polymerase is responsible for the RNA polymerization reaction?
A)\(\alpha\)
B)\(\beta\)
C)\(\beta\)'
D) \(\sigma\)
E)\(\omega\)
Q3) Phosphorylation of the Rpb1 subunit of pol II causes what to occur?
A)binding to histone proteins
B)hydrogen bonding with guanine residues near the start of transcription
C)dissociation from the promoter
D)transcription termination
E)none of the above
Q4) Give the mRNA sequence that would result from the following sense strand:
Page 30
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 28: Information Decoding: Translation and Post-Translational
Protein Processing
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73685
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation?
A)the genetic code is different
B)prokaryotic ribosomes are free in the cytosol;eukaryotic chromosomes are always membrane bound
C)eukaryotic translation requires more protein factors
D)the ribosomes in prokaryotes are larger
E)none of the above
Q2) What is the energy requirement for the formation of the 70S initiation complex?
A)1 GTP
B)1 ATP
C)1 GTP and 1 ATP
D)2 GTP (from hydrolysis of 1 GTP to GMP)
E)2 ATP (from hydrolysis of 1 ATP to AMP)
Q3) What is a polyribosome?
A)ribosomes that synthesize different subunits of the same protein
B)several ribosomes all attached to the same mRNA
C)ribosomes that are covalently bonded to each other in a polymer fashion
D)a ribosome that only produces proteins that will be excreted by the cell
E)none of the above
Page 31
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 29: Regulation of Gene Expression
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73686
Sample Questions
Q1) The phosphorylation of several RNA polymerase II serine residues has been identified as a key event in eukaryotic translation initiation.Which of the following is one of the enzymes responsible for this phosphorylation?
A)Mediator complex
B)Rap1
C)TFIIH
D)TATA box-binding protein
E)ACT
Q2) If both lactose and glucose are present in large amounts,which of the following scenarios would result?
A)lac repressor bound to promoter,CRP bound to promoter,no lac operon transcription
B)lac repressor bound to inducer,CRP bound to promoter,no lac operon transcription
C)lac repressor bound to inducer,CRP bound to promoter,lac operon transcribed
D)lac repressor bound to inducer,CRP not bound,no lac operon transcription
E)lac repressor bound to inducer,CRP not bound,lac operon transcribed
Q3) Design an antisense RNA that prevents the start of translation for any mRNA in an E.coli cell.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 32