Personality Disorders
Test Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores the classification, etiology, assessment, and treatment of personality disorders as defined in the DSM-5. Students will examine the major personality disorder clusters, including their characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and behavior, as well as how these patterns impact interpersonal relationships and functioning. The course will cover contemporary theories and research regarding the development of personality disorders, strategies for diagnosis and intervention, and the challenges associated with comorbidity and treatment. Ethical and cultural considerations in working with individuals diagnosed with personality disorders will also be addressed.
Recommended Textbook
Abnormal Psychology 8th Edition by Thomas
F. Oltmanns
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18 Chapters
2299 Verified Questions
2299 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Examples and Definitions of Abnormal Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the benefits and drawbacks of the use of case studies in research on psychopathology.
Answer: (1)Benefits: rich clinical descriptions (symptoms displayed,manner in which symptoms emerged,developmental and family history,response to any treatment efforts),especially important if the disorder is rare Drawbacks: can be viewed from many different perspectives and competing explanations may be equally plausible; risky to draw general conclusions from a single case.
Q2) Olivia grew up in a society where mourners pull out their hair,go into an emotional frenzy,and speak in tongues.On a visit to the United States,she did these things in public when she heard that a relative had died.According to DSM-5,her behavior would be considered
A)psychopathological,because of her personal distress.
B)not psychopathological,because it is part of her culture.
C)psychopathological,because it disrupted her social functioning.
D)not psychopathological,because it caused no disruption in social functioning.
Answer: B
Q3) A general term that refers to several types of severe mental disorders in which the person is considered to be out of contact with reality is Answer: psychosis.
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Causes of Abnormal Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) When trying to understand the cause of abnormal behavior,thinking of the different academic disciplines as representing different levels of analysis will illustrate systems theory's assertion that
A)no single academic discipline has a corner on the truth.
B)the molar level is more helpful than the molecular level.
C)the molecular level is more helpful than the molar level.
D)only the molar level lends itself to rigorous research.
Answer: A
Q2) The cognitive-behavioral paradigm views _______as the product of learning.
A)maladaptive behavior
B)excessive behavior
C)unconscious processes
D)abnormal behavior
Answer: D
Q3) What is the primary concept in operant conditioning?
A)a conditioned stimulus is neutral
B)conditioned response leads to extinction
C)behavior is determined by its consequences
D)negative reinforcement is the same as punishment
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) A clinician who uses research to select the most effective form of treatment is practicing _________________ psychotherapy.
A)eclectic
B)outcome based
C)evidence-based
D)epidemiological
Answer: C
Q2) Most mental health professionals today identify themselves with
A)the psychodynamic paradigm.
B)the cognitive-behavioral paradigm.
C)the humanistic paradigm.
D)no single paradigm.
Answer: D
Q3) What is a meta-analysis?
A)a case study
B)a form of psychoanalysis
C)a way of measuring changes in observable behaviors
D)a statistical technique for combining the results of many studies
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Classification and Assessment of Abnormal Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the three primary goals of clinical assessment procedures,and give an example of each.
Q2) A patient was just released from a psychiatric hospital where he has spent the last five years.A social worker spends some time trying to help him prepare for what she calls stigma.What was the focus of these sessions?
A)negative attitudes that result in various forms of discrimination
B)the tendency for most mental patients to cease taking their medications
C)the tendency for the public to provide too much assistance to former mental patients
D)a government effort to assist former mental patients by providing group living arrangements
Q3) What is a limitation of the use of psychological assessment?
A)There is little variability in people's psychological reactions.
B)There is a high correlation among different autonomic response systems.
C)Psychological reactivity and stability vary from person to person.
D)They provide little information beyond what patients can report of themselves.
Q4) In reliability research,the statistic that is used to measure agreement between clinicians is known as __________.
Q5) Describe some disadvantages of the current DSM-5 classification system.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Mood Disorders and Suicide
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Sample Questions
Q1) Depressed,or ____________(unpleasant),mood is the most common and obvious symptom of depression.
Q2) What percentage of patients with mood disorders will eventually kill themselves?
A)5-10 percent
B)15-20 percent
C)40-45 percent
D)more than 50 percent
Q3) Studies suggest that the heritability factor for bipolar disorder is approximately A)20 percent.
B)40 percent.
C)60 percent.
D)80 percent.
Q4) Despite differences among epidemiological surveys in samples,methods,and definitions of mental disorders,what is one common finding concerning mood disorders?
A)Bipolar disorder occurs in fewer people than major depressive disorder.
B)Dysthymic disorder is the most common form of mood disorder.
C)Mood disorders are the most common form of mental disorders.
D)Bipolar and depressive disorders are equally common in the general population.
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Chapter 6: Anxiety Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast the theoretical position of "lumpers" with that of "splitters" with regard to anxiety disorders.
Q2) Research on the long-term outcomes for people experiencing anxiety disorders indicates that
A)even with therapy,long-term outcomes are generally poor.
B)long-term outcomes tend to be quite mixed and unpredictable.
C)age of onset predicts long-term outcomes across all disorders.
D)treatment response is primarily positive and long-lasting.
Q3) Which of the following best describes the connection between particular forms of adverse environmental events and specific types of mental disorder?
A)Neglect is most closely linked to mood disorders.
B)Abuse is most closely linked to anxiety disorders.
C)There does not seem to be any direct connection.
D)Direct connections have been found for women but not for men.
Q4) Describe the nature of obsessions and compulsions in obsessive-compulsive disorder,and explain how they differ from "normal" obsessions and compulsions.Do both have to be present for the diagnosis of OCD to be made? Which typically comes first? What is their functional relationship?
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Acute and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders,
Dissociative Disorders, and Somatic Symptom Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why are studies that seem to demonstrate the phenomenon of implicit memory important?
A)They indicate that memory can only affect behavior when there is conscious remembering.
B)They show that unconscious mental processes really do not exist.
C)They represent a research technique that enables scientists to study unconscious processes.
D)They provide objective evidence for the existence of a dissociative disorder.
Q2) The diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder is sometimes mistakenly made in cases where there are actually undetected physical illnesses,especially
A)sensory deficits.
B)ulcers or colitis.
C)cardiovascular diseases.
D)neurological diseases.
Q3) Some individuals experience positive changes as a result of living through a traumatic event.Psychologists label this __________ growth.
Q4) __________ disorders are characterized by persistent,maladaptive disruptions in the integration of memory,consciousness,or identity.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Stress and Physical Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) An expert on human physiology and stress responses is giving a public lecture on the history of the fight-or-flight response and its effectiveness in ancient and modern times.What is a good title for this presentation?
A)"When an Adaptive Response Becomes Maladaptive"
B)"Fight or Flight: Major Physiological Changes Over Time"
C)"Slowly Eroding: Elements of the Stress Response Lost to Evolution Over Time"
D)"How Speed,Toxins,and Pollution are Destroying the Fight-or-Flight Response"
Q2) Recognizing the adaptive,evolutionary aspects of stress,Walter Cannon viewed stress as the activation of the
A)caretaking response.
B)activation or inhibition response.
C)fight-or-flight response.
D)autonomic nervous system.
Q3) DSM-5 classifies stress related to physical illness as
A)Conditions Resulting from Physical and Mental Factors.
B)Stress-Related Physical Illnesses.
C)Psychosomatic and Other Mental Illness.
D)Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions.
Q4) Discuss the relationship between stress,health behavior,and cancer.
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Chapter 9: Personality Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Generally,personality disorders tend to be ego-syntonic in nature,which means that people with personality disorders
A)have other disorders as well.
B)do not see their disorders as problems.
C)have tremendous insight into their problems.
D)are distressed by and perhaps ashamed of their problems.
Q2) In personality theory,neuroticism refers to
A)conscientiousness.
B)bizarre and unusual thinking.
C)the expression of anxiety and depression.
D)a low interest in interacting with other people.
Q3) Which personality disorder is characterized by a fear of separation from others who are looked to for advice and reassurance?
A)paranoid
B)dependent
C)borderline
D)schizotypal
Q4) Discuss the importance of understanding a patient's culture when making a diagnostic decision.
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Chapter 10: Feeding and Eating Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) A film producer wants to make a movie describing several cases of young women who have been diagnosed as suffering from anorexia nervosa.He is especially interested in exploring some of the psychological dynamics related to the disorder.Which of the following titles might be the best choice for the film?
A)A Struggle for Control: Anorexia Nervosa
B)Anorexia Nervosa: I Don't Want to Grow Up
C)How Depression Masquerades as Eating Disorders
D)Sexual Disorders and Anorexia Nervosa: A Two-Way Street
Q2) A __________ body image is a highly critical evaluation of one's weight and shape that is thought,by clinicians,to contribute to the development of eating disorders.
Q3) The average victim of anorexia nervosa is ____ percent below normal body weight.
A)10
B)15
C)25
D)35
Q4) Summarize what is currently know about the role of genetics and neurophysiology in eating disorders.
Q5) Discuss the defining characteristics of anorexia.
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Chapter 11: Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is a blackout?
A)losing consciousness and passing out
B)a time-limited period of dementia
C)an experience of nausea and vomiting
D)an inability to remember what has happened
Q2) Some theorists associate alcoholism with exaggerated activation of an endogenous system in response to alcohol stimulation.Which system do they suggest?
A)the alcohol system
B)the dopamine system
C)the opiod system
D)the amygdala system
Q3) Traditional learning theory has held that people drink because
A)parents model drinking behavior.
B)drinking is reinforced by stress reduction.
C)abstinence is punished through social disapproval.
D)drinking is on an intermittent reinforcement schedule.
Q4) ___________ refers to the dried resin from the top of the female cannabis plant.
Q5) The symptoms that can be thought of as the "flip side" of tolerance symptoms are known as __________.
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Chapter 12: Sexual Dysfunctions, Paraphilic Disorders and Gender Dysphoria
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Sample Questions
Q1) Consistent with the therapy developed by Marshall is the theory that SSRIs reduce paraphilias because they reduce
A)social anxiety.
B)depression.
C)libido or sex drive.
D)anger.
Q2) Michael is ordered to undergo aversion therapy for pedophilia.What will this treatment entail?
A)education about sexual norms
B)confrontation by other men with similar problems
C)therapy to increase insight to the consequences of pedophilia
D)receiving electrical shock when sexually aroused by pictures of children
Q3) The sexual interest of a person diagnosed with partialism would focus on A)one specific part of the body.
B)one specific article of clothing.
C)touching non-consenting others.
D)obscene phone calls.
Q4) Explain what cases of pseudohermaphroditism tell us about what factors influence the development of gender identity.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following symptoms of schizophrenia is most difficult for family members to accept and tolerate?
A)delusions
B)withdrawal
C)hallucinations
D)disorganized speech
Q2) A component or trait that lies somewhere on the pathway between the genotype,which lays the foundation for the disorder,and full-blown symptoms of the disorder is known as
A)anhedonia.
B)a phenotype.
C)a schizotype.
D)an endophenotype.
Q3) Evidence for the role of the environment in the etiology of schizophrenia is A)non-existent.
B)questionable.
C)anecdotal.
D)compelling.
Q4) ________ behavior is characterized by motor immobility or purposeless movement.
Q5) What are the atypical antipsychotic drugs and why are they used?
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Chapter 14: Neurocognitive Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) One Swedish study of genetic factors in the cause of dementia found that the concordance rate for monozygotic twins was _____ percent.
A)1
B)20
C)40
D)over 50
Q2) Your textbook states that the hallmark of dementia is A)aphasia.
B)hallucinations.
C)delirium.
D)memory loss.
Q3) Neurofibrillary tangles,which are typically found in patients with Alzheimer's disease, A)are unique to that disease and allow for definite diagnosis.
B)are also found in adults with other neurocognitive disorders. C)have not yet been identified.
D)do not appear until the end stage of the disease.
Q4) Researchers have concluded that Alzheimer's disease is genetically heterogeneous.What does this mean?
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Intellectual Disabilities and Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following individuals with intellectual disability is most likely to be diagnosed with a form that is due to a known biological origin?
A)Beverly,who has physical handicaps
B)Edward,whose family lives in a poor neighborhood
C)Sara,whose intellectual disability is in the mild range
D)Robert,who was six years old when his intellectual disability was diagnosed
Q2) Which disease can cause intellectual disability in children when it is transmitted from the mother to the child during delivery?
A)rubella
B)encephalitis
C)toxoplasmosis
D)genital herpes
Q3) Behavior modification to reduce self-injurious behaviors has been most successful in programs that rely on the use of
A)extinction.
B)punishment.
C)response cost.
D)positive reinforcement.
Q4) Describe the controversy around the issue of whether IQ tests are culture-fair.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Psychological Disorders of Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____________ disorders are characterized by children's failure to control their behavior according to the expectations of parents,peers,teachers,and/or legal authorities.
Q2) Isolating a child briefly following misbehavior is the disciplinary technique known as __________ .
Q3) The process of shaping children's behavior and attitudes to conform to the expectations of parents,teachers,and society as a whole is known as A)shaping.
B)behavior modification.
C)parenting style.
D)socialization.
Q4) What has research shown concerning residential programs,such as Achievement Place?
A)long-term reductions in aggression
B)few results while teens are still in the group home
C)lower rates of recidivism once teens leave the program
D)effective results only while teens are living in the group home
Q5) A disorder that is more serious than ODD and is marked by serious rule violations and often by illegal behavior is called __________ disorder.
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Chapter 17: Adjustment Disorders and Life-Cycle Transitions
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Q1) Which of Marcia's proposed categories of identity conflicts is described as "young adults who never questioned themselves or their goals but instead proceed along the predetermined course of their childhood commitments"?
A)identity diffusion
B)identity foreclosure
C)identity moratorium
D)identity achievement
Q2) What element is important in both the Bowlby and Kübler-Ross models of bereavement?
A)anger
B)bargaining
C)moratorium
D)identity crisis
Q3) Based on age and health status,most elderly people fall into which category?
A)young-old
B)middle-old
C)old-old
D)oldest-old
Q4) Explain how cross-cultural considerations affect the idea of adolescent identity crisis.
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Chapter 18: Mental Health and the Law
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Sample Questions
Q1) Using legal proceedings to confine an individual to a mental health facility against his will is known as _________ commitment.
Q2) A dilemma for mental health professionals involves whether they should tell their clients that they must break confidentiality in cases of A)child abuse.
B)plans for divorce.
C)repressed memories.
D)tax evasion.
Q3) What is the general conclusion concerning making predictions of future violence?
A)Clinical judgment is better than chance.
B)Clinical judgment is equivalent to flipping coins.
C)The number of false positives is unaffected by the base rate.
D)Such predictions should be made by individuals with experience in police work.
Q4) About ________ percent of children in the United States today will experience a divorce in their family.
A)10
B)20
C)40
D)60
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