Paramedic Science Exam Materials
Course Introduction
Paramedic Science is an interdisciplinary course that equips students with the clinical knowledge, practical skills, and theoretical foundations required to effectively manage emergency medical situations. The curriculum covers advanced pre-hospital care, patient assessment, trauma management, pharmacology, and resuscitation techniques, emphasizing evidence-based practice and critical decision-making. Students gain experience through classroom learning, simulations, and supervised clinical placements, preparing them for licensure and professional practice as paramedics within emergency medical services. The course also addresses ethical considerations, communication, teamwork, and the evolving role of paramedics in modern healthcare systems.
Recommended Textbook
EKG Plain and Simple 4th Edition by Karen Ellis
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875 Verified Questions
875 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) When oxygenated blood enters the heart,it flows
A)from the pulmonary artery into the left ventricle.
B)from the cardiac veins into the right atrium.
C)from the pulmonary veins into the left atrium.
D)from the superior vena cava into the right ventricle.
Answer: D
Q2) The right atrium is a thin-walled receiving chamber for newly oxygenated blood from the lungs.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The pericardium is a double-walled sac that encloses the heart and serves as support and protection.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) The two phases of the cardiac cycle are systole and ________.
Answer: Diastole
Q5) The half-moon-shaped valves are the ________ and the ________.
Answer: pulmonic,aortic
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Chapter 2: Electrophysiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) If the sinus node,atria,and AV node all fail,the heart rate will be between
A)40 to 60 beats per minute.
B)20 to 40 beats per minute.
C)10 to 20 beats per minute.
D)60 to 100 beats per minute.
Answer: B
Q2) The PR interval measures the time it takes for the impulse to travel from the atrium down to the ventricle.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The relative refractory period extends from the
A)beginning of the T wave to the beginning of the next QRS complex.
B)beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex.
C)beginning of the QRS complex to the upstroke of the T wave.
D)upstroke of the T wave to the end of the T wave.
Answer: D
Q4) A negative deflection that occurs before a positive one is labeled a ________ wave.
Answer: Q
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Lead Morphology and Placement
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Sample Questions
Q1) A ________ is an arrow that depicts the general direction of current flow. Answer: vector
Q2) Einthoven's law states that
A)Lead I + Lead III = Lead II.
B)Lead II + Lead III = Lead I.
C)V + V = V .
D)Lead I + Lead II = Lead III.
Answer: A
Q3) Based on Einthoven's Law,the shortest QRS complex should NOT be in Lead
Answer: II
Q4) If Lead I's QRS is positive,the heart's current is traveling toward the right arm. A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q5) The normal QRS deflection in Lead III should be negative.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Technical Aspects of the EKG
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Sample Questions
Q1) If artifact is present in leads I,II,and aVR,the most likely source of the artifact is on the A)right arm.
B)left arm.
C)right leg.
D)left leg.
Q2) If artifact is seen in leads I,III,and aVL,you should direct your corrective efforts to which limb or limbs?
Q3) Artifact can mimic arrhythmias.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Macroshock and microshock are two kinds of electrical shock the patient can sustain from faulty equipment.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The EKG machine's control feature that might reduce artifact is the ________.
Q6) Using an EKG machine with frayed wires is not dangerous if the wires are taped together.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Calculating Heart Rate
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Sample Questions
Q1) The type of regularity in which the R-R intervals are 22-24-23-29-33-47-27 is
A)regular.
B)regular but interrupted by premature beats.
C)regular but interrupted by pauses.
D)irregular.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a method of calculating heart rate?
A)The six-second strip method
B)The little block method
C)The memory method
D)The P-P interval method
Q3) The mean rate in Figure 1 is A)50.
B)60.
C)70.
D)100.
Q4) Regularity is concerned with the constancy of QRS complexes.
A)True
B)False
Q5) If the QRS complexes are all 50 little blocks apart,the heart rate is ________.
Page 7
Q6) A regular rhythm is one in which ________.
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Chapter 6: How to Interpret a Rhythm Strip
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Sample Questions
Q1) Normal QRS intervals should be
A)less than 0.20 seconds wide.
B)less than 0.12 seconds wide.
C)between 0.12 and 0.20 seconds wide.
D)alternately narrow and wide.
Q2) The normal rhythm of the heart has P waves that are A)upright,matching,and precede the QRS complex.
B)variable in shape and location.
C)often hidden inside QRS complexes.
D)multiple in number,preceding the QRS complex.
Q3) An arrhythmia is a(n)________ heart rhythm.
Q4) A heart rate greater than 100 is said to be a A)tachycardia.
B)bradycardia.
C)myocardium.
D)bundle branch block.
Q5) Sinus rhythm is an irregular rhythm interrupted by premature beats and pauses. A)True B)False
Page 8
Q6) What are the five steps in rhythm interpretation?
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Chapter 7: Rhythms Originating in the Sinus Node
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some signs of decreased cardiac output are pallor,hypotension,and dizziness.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following sinus rhythms would be expected with stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system?
A)Sinus rhythm rate 68
B)Sinus bradycardia rate 45
C)Sinus arrhythmia rate 45-73
D)Sinus tachycardia rate 125
Q3) Sinus bradycardia is common among well-conditioned athletes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In a sinus arrest,the sinus node________ firing for a time.
Q5) Sinus arrest is best treated by anti-anxiety medication.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Sinus arrest can occur at any heart rate.
A)True
B)False
Q7) A rhythm with a heart rate less than 60 is ________.
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Chapter 8: Rhythms Originating in the Atria
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Sample Questions
Q1) A run of three or more PACs in a row that usurps the underlying rhythm is called
Q2) Atrial fibrillation can cause a drop in cardiac output because it causes
A)a loss of the atrial kick.
B)the ventricles to contract more forcefully.
C)the AV valves to remain open too long.
D)the sinus node to fire more often.
Q3) A regular rhythm with narrow QRS complexes,indistinguishable P waves,and a heart rate of 155 would be consistent with A)atrial fibrillation.
B)supraventricular tachycardia.
C)sinus bradycardia.
D)ventricular tachycardia.
Q4) Multifocal atrial tachycardia has at least ________ different shapes of P waves.
Q5) Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia is an atrial tachycardia that ________ the underlying rhythm.
Q6) The atrial rate in atrial flutter is ________.
Q7) Multifocal atrial tachycardia is the same rhythm as ________,but with a faster heart rate.
Q8) The P wave of a PAC is shaped _____from sinus P waves.
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Chapter 9: Rhythms Originating in the AV Junction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Junctional bradycardia must have a heart rate less than 20.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Junctional tachycardia is usually a result of escape.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Junctional rhythms have retrograde conduction to the ventricles.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Junctional tachycardia without visible P waves is best called A)sinus tachycardia.
B)SVT.
C)atrial tachycardia.
D)PJCs.
Q5) "Retrograde" means forwards.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Junctional rhythm has a heart rate the same as sinus bradycardia.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Rhythms Originating in the Ventricles
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Sample Questions
Q1) Agonal rhythm has a heart rate less than ________.
Q2) Torsades de pointes can be treated with magnesium.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The wide-QRS beat in Figure 10 is a(n)
A)junctional escape beat.
B)ventricular escape beat.
C)PVC.
D)compensatory pause.
Q4) Ventricular fibrillation has
A)no P waves or QRS complexes.
B)P waves but no QRS complexes.
C)QRS complexes but no T waves.
D)P waves and QRS complexes.
Q5) Two consecutive PVCs are called a ________.
Q6) Ventricular tachycardia is usually a result of escape.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Ventricular bigeminy is a term that means the PVCs occur every ________ beat.
Q8) The treatment of choice for ventricular fibrillation is ________.
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Chapter 11: AV Blocks
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Sample Questions
Q1) AV dissociation is a hallmark of
A)first-degree AV block.
B)Mobitz I second-degree AV block (Wenckebach).
C)Mobitz II second-degree AV block.
D)third-degree AV block.
Q2) In a second-degree AV block,some impulses from the sinus node ________ to the ventricles; others don't.
Q3) Pacemakers are typically used for Mobitz II second-degree AV block and third-degree AV block.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which strip is consistent with Mobitz II second-degree AV block?
A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
Q5) In first-degree AV block,all sinus impulses do get through to the ventricles.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Wenckebach is also known as ________.
Page 13
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Chapter 13: How to Interpret a 12-Lead EKG
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Sample Questions
Q1) Left ventricular hypertrophy is commonly caused by hypertension.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ________ is potassium deficit in the bloodstream.
Q3) In LVH,the S wave in V added to the R wave in V or V should be
A)greater than 20 mms.
B)less than 30 mms.
C)greater than 35 mms.
D)less than 35 mms.
Q4) A disorder in which there is too much potassium in the bloodstream is called A)hyperkalemia.
B)hypokalemia.
C)hypercalcemia.
D)hypocalcemia.
Q5) Hypertrophy can stress the heart.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Hyperkalemia is a potassium deficit in the bloodstream.
A)True
B)False
Page 14
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Chapter 14: Myocardial Infarction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Smiley-face ST elevation is concave and often seen in pericarditis.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The order in which an MI progresses through "the three Is" is which of these?
A)Ischemia,injury,infarction
B)Ischemia,infarction,injury
C)Infarction,ischemia,injury
D)Injury,infarction,ischemia
Q3) An old inferior MI should show significant Q waves in II,III,and aVF even after several years.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Reciprocal ST depression is seen only when there is ________ in the indicative leads.
Q5) If you were told that Figure 19's EKG was of a young black male,you would think of what cause of mild widespread ST elevation?
A)Pericarditis
B)Inferior MI
C)Early repolarization
D)Right ventricular infarction
Page 15
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Chapter 16: Medications and Electrical Therapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Atropine cannot be given during cardiac arrest.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Mrs.McShelton has a VVI pacemaker.She is having pacemaker spikes in the T waves,QRS complexes,and ST segments of her intrinsic beats.This is indicative of A)a normally functioning pacemaker.
B)failure to fire.
C)loss of capture.
D)undersensing.
Q3) The second letter of the pacemaker code tells the A)chamber paced.
B)chamber sensed.
C)pacemaker's response to sensed events.
D)programmability of the pacemaker.
Q4) A DDD pacemaker senses only the ventricle,but paces atrium and ventricle. A)True
B)False
Q5) Six to seven seconds of asystole sometimes follows administration of adenosine. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Diagnostic Electrocardiography
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bayes' theorem is concerned with the ________ of stress test results.
Q2) Which of the following would be considered a negative Holter?
A)A Holter that reveals tachycardias but not bradycardias
B)A Holter that reveals no ST changes
C)A Holter that reveals bradycardias but not tachycardias
D)A Holter that reveals ST segment elevations
Q3) The target heart rate for a 60-year-old man having a stress test is
A)280.
B)160.
C)190.
D)220.
Q4) 13 METs is
A)the oxygen consumption of a person sitting down resting.
B)The level most adults can reach with exertion.
C)the level at which cardiac arrest occurs.
D)almost always associated with significant cardiac ischemia.
Q5) A positive stress test implies that ________ is present.
Q6) A MET is a measurement of oxygen consumption.
A)True
B)False
Page 17
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