Nursing Theory and Professional Practice
Exam Materials
Course Introduction
This course explores the foundational theories and conceptual frameworks that underpin the discipline of nursing, with emphasis on their application to professional practice. Students examine the evolution of nursing knowledge, analyze major nursing theorists and models, and consider how theoretical perspectives inform evidence-based care, ethical decision-making, and leadership in diverse healthcare settings. The course fosters critical thinking, professional identity, and reflective practice as students learn to integrate theory into clinical scenarios, collaboration, health promotion, and advocacy roles within the nursing profession.
Recommended Textbook
Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing 2nd Canadian Edition by Margaret A. Burkhardt
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19 Chapters
286 Verified Questions
286 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1101
Page 2
Chapter 1: Social, Philosophical, and Other Historical Forces
Influencing the Development of Nursing
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21674
Sample Questions
Q1) In which of the following influences do the helping professions find their origin?
A) inhumane actions
B) perceived social needs
C) serving one's own needs
D) visualizing the suffering of others
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following statements best describes Florence Nightingale?
A) She believed in traditional expectations for women.
B) She was a nurse and increased soldiers' mortality rates.
C) She believed in nurses restricting their careers.
D) She was a social reformer and statistician.
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following had the greatest influence on nursing traditions in Canada?
A) Britain
B) Aboriginal persons
C) France
D) Germany
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Ethical Theory
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21675
Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse performs CPR on a choking patient and in the process breaks the sternum, which then leads to the patient's death. Which ethical theory would say that the nurse's actions were inherently good because of the intent, regardless of the outcome?
A) deontology
B) naturalism
C) rationalism
D) utilitarianism
Answer: A
Q2) Which type of moral theory, rigidly applied, would most likely lead a person to consider euthanasia morally wrong, even when it is done to end the pain and suffering of a patient?
A) deontology
B) virtue ethics
C) naturalism
D) utilitarianism
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Ethical Principles
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements best summarizes the Privacy Act, amended April 2011?
A) Individuals have the right to access their own information without constraints.
B) The provincial government sets out rules on how personal information is managed.
C) Each province protects the private information of Canadian citizens.
D) The Act sets out rules for how personal information should be managed by private-sector organizations.
Answer: A
Q2) A nurse respects a patient's decision not to undergo any further dialysis. Which principle is this situation an example of?
A) respect for persons
B) justice
C) beneficence
D) autonomy
Answer: D
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5
Chapter 4: Values Clarification
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21677
Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse informs her supervisor that she holds the belief that abortions should not be performed and finds conflict working on a unit where they are performed. Which of the following terms best describes this situation?
A) societal values
B) incongruent values
C) overt values
D) values clarification
Q2) What is the correct term for the attribute of maintaining and articulating consistent values and beliefs over time?
A) personal values
B) authenticity
C) moral thought
D) implicit values
Q3) What should nurses be aware of when working with patients regarding health care decisions?
A) personal and patient values
B) moral development and perceptions
C) conflicting values and priorities
D) institutional values and influence
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Values Development
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21678
Sample Questions
Q1) What does Phase 2 of Gilligan's study of the psychological development of women include?
A) a sense of goodness as self-sacrifice, in which the needs of others are often put ahead of self
B) a concern about the reaction of others as a basis for decisions and behaviour
C) reflecting a movement into a world beyond the family and a deep appreciation of connectedness
D) a deep appreciation of connectedness, including responsibility to self and others as moral equals, and a clear imperative to harm no one
Q2) Which of the following is believed to be learned within, and shared by, a group of interacting persons?
A) etiquette
B) independence
C) values
D) connections
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Chapter 6: Ethical Decision Making
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why do physicians sometimes make unilateral decisions in morally important situations?
A) Moral decision making is reserved for physicians.
B) Nurses are seldom aware of the patient's wishes and life context.
C) There is sometimes a power imbalance in the health care setting.
D) It is illegal for nurses to participate in moral decision making.
Q2) What step in the process of ethical decision making involves participants excluding results that are totally unacceptable, along with their potential consequences?
A) Identify options.
B) Determine moral perspective.
C) Gather data and identify conflicting moral claims.
D) Determine desired outcomes.
Q3) The nurse and other members of the healthcare team participate with the patient in making a particularly difficult moral decision. If the CNO Practice Standard for Ethics is properly implemented, which of the following may occur?
A) The nurse disagrees with the decision.
B) Emotions are active and determine the decision.
C) The patient's feelings are devalued, as they are too emotional.
D) Support is provided to the healthcare team and the patient.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Legal Issues
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following type of law best defines a person's rights and obligations in relation to the government?
A) common law
B) misdemeanours
C) constitutional law
D) public law
Q2) Which of the following best defines a wilful act that violates another person's rights or property?
A) intentional tort
B) fraud
C) assault
D) battery
Q3) Which of the following best defines a set of rules and principles that describe the powers of a government and the rights of the people?
A) constitutional law
B) statutory law
C) common law
D) administrative law
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9
Chapter 8: Professional Issues
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21681
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is universally accepted as one criterion of a profession that is profoundly important to nursing?
A) codes of nursing ethics
B) standards of nursing practice
C) scope of practice statutes
D) nursing theories and practice
Q2) Which of the following refers to being answerable to another person or persons for something one has done?
A) autonomy
B) expertise
C) authority
D) accountability
Q3) Which documents, developed within the profession as a guide for providing nursing care, can also be used as a consistent baseline to measure the practice of individual nurses?
A) external standards of nursing practice
B) internal standards of nursing practice
C) codes of nursing ethics
D) scope of practice statutes
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Professional Relationship Issues
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21682
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements best describes the physician-nurse relationship in a hospital setting?
A) The physician is the nurse's "boss," and the nurse is obligated to follow the physician's orders.
B) The physician has total autonomy. The nurse is a limited moral agent.
C) Facility policies and procedures determine the nature and extent of each person's moral agency.
D) Both the nurse and the physician are autonomous moral agents whose primary obligation is owed to the patient.
Q2) A nurse attempts to perform a urinary catheterization on a patient who is unable to void. The novice nurse is nervous and is unable to accurately catheterize the client. An experienced nurse storms into the patient's room, grabs the catheter out of the nurse's hands and loudly proclaims, "What's wrong with you, haven't you ever done this before?!" What definition best exemplifies this situation?
A) moral integrity
B) poor leadership
C) self-discipline
D) eating their young
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Chapter 10: Practice Issues Related to End-Of-Life Care
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21683
Sample Questions
Q1) According to Taylor (1950), how might the subject of medical futility be approached?
A) whether the intervention is prolonging living or prolonging dying
B) as non-beneficial, with involvement of parties regarding what is benefit or burden C) as treatment valued by the patient but not medically indicated D) that only the perspective of the physician determines what is a futile measure
Q2) How can withholding or removing treatments where the burden or harm to the person is determined to outweigh the benefits be viewed?
A) as allowing the person to die as a result of the natural progression of the disease process
B) as causing the painless death of the person in order to end or prevent more suffering C) as providing the person the means to end his or her own life when he or she is ready to die
D) as following the directives to avoid suffering included in do not resuscitate orders
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Chapter 11: Practice Issues Related to Patient
Self-Determination
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21684
Sample Questions
Q1) What does a nurse's advocacy role regarding a patient's advance directives (AD) include?
A) making sure that the patient is not resuscitated in a cardiac arrest situation
B) telling patients about changes in their condition so they can modify their AD
C) informing health team members about healthcare decisions when the patient cannot do so
D) informing health team members of the content of a patient's AD
Q2) A nurse encourages a patient to take narcotics for severe cancer pain. The patient is concerned about the possible side effects. The nurse gives the patient the narcotic and tells the patient; "It's for your own good and it's important to get your pain under control." What is the nurse's behaviour an example of?
A) paternalism
B) justice
C) autonomy
D) competence
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Chapter 12: Scholarship Issues
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21685
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of fraudulent research?
A) reporting studies that were never conducted
B) reporting outcomes of studies
C) reporting of a research hypothesis
D) reporting of exclusion and inclusion criteria
Q2) Which of the following issues affect academic integrity?
A) plagiarism and cheating
B) cheating and editing
C) editing and fidelity
D) forgery and consulting
Q3) Which of the following examples would be considered a vulnerable population needing special consideration in research protocols?
A) 17-year-old male high school students
B) 21-year-old female university students
C) 65-year-old males with heart disease
D) 41-year-old incarcerated females
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Chapter 13: The Future of Canadian Health Care: Challenges and Priorities
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following contribute to the challenge of providing health care for populations across the globe?
A) infant mortality and globalization
B) ecology and traditional healing systems
C) war and national crises
D) relationships and curative measures
Q2) Which of the following is an example of the federal responsibility for health care?
A) evaluating physician and hospital care
B) delivering direct health care services to native Canadians
C) delivering and managing insured health services
D) managing some public health and prescription care
Q3) What health care changes evolved in the latter part of nineteenth century in Canada ?
A) public health
B) interprofessional care
C) immigrant health
D) curative programs
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Health Policy Issues
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21687
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the term for pieces of legislation that have been enacted by legislative bodies and approved by the government?
A) allocative policies
B) regulations
C) judicial decisions
D) statutes
Q2) Which of the following describes the most effective type of letter sent to a policy maker in a lobbying campaign?
A) a long emotional plea that is very thorough and explanatory and includes many examples
B) a form letter with a handwritten salutation and signature
C) a concise handwritten letter written in your own words, using your own thoughts and logic
D) a letter that includes a list of all topics of interest to nurses in your area
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16
Chapter 15: Economic Issues
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21688
Sample Questions
Q1) In Canada, almost all people are insured against the cost of hospital and physician expenses through a government health insurance program. What is this type of health care financing commonly called?
A) fee for service
B) out-of-pocket expenses
C) universal health insurance
D) voluntary or private insurance
Q2) A "health care system willing to be held accountable both clinically and financially for the health outcomes of an enrolled population for a capitated (fixed) payment" describes which of the following health care financing systems?
A) fee for service
B) universal health care
C) categorical financing
D) managed care
Q3) What is the term for an out-of-pocket payment that some provinces still require?
A) fee for service
B) premium
C) allied service fee
D) voluntary health fee
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Social Issues
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21689
Sample Questions
Q1) Which population shows an increased incidence of conditions associated with poor nutrition, inadequate exercise, and illnesses from environmental factors?
A) children living in poverty
B) adults living in poverty
C) elder population living in poverty
D) abused women living in poverty
Q2) According to Raphael, what is one reason that Canadians should be concerned with economic inequality and poverty?
A) It may strain the health care system and social safety net of the country.
B) It requires a close partnership with a wide range of stakeholders.
C) It creates hurdles in health care policy.
D) It impacts the ability to maintain good health.
Q3) Which factor contributes to a domestic violence victim returning to their abusive partner several times before permanently terminating the relationship?
A) poor support from the criminal justice system
B) poor health
C) health care system minimizing the abuse
D) victims being uninformed about violence
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18
Chapter 17: Issues of Gender and Culture
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21690
Sample Questions
Q1) An experienced male nurse applies for a position in labour and delivery. Even though he is better qualified than other applicants, the nurse manager hires a female nurse. The manager explains that she wants to protect her patients from being uncomfortable with a male nurse. Which of the following is this situation an example of?
A) sexism
B) transcultural respect
C) nursism
D) societal expectations
Q2) Which of the following is a male patient making the statement that "nurses are well-bred, well-educated specimens of womanhood" an example of?
A) sexism
B) paternalism
C) nursism
D) parentalism
Q3) Which term refers to a disparity in earnings?
A) sameness salary
B) pay gap
C) feminist fee
D) comparable worth
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Rural and Aboriginal Nursing in Canada
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21691
Sample Questions
Q1) What health issue is more likely to be found in rural communities?
A) higher rates of infectious diseases
B) lower rates of "healthy heart" practices
C) overall poor nutrition
D) higher levels of stress
Q2) A nurse in a small rural hospital is out grocery shopping and is asked the following in the check-out lane: "How is Sarah doing? Was the operation successful?" Which of the following statements must the nurse be aware of when working in a rural community?
A) Talking about patients to members in a small community is a cultural norm.
B) The confidentiality of patients' information must be protected.
C) Being fully embedded as a nurse in a small community involves discussing all patients.
D) Providing holistic nursing care in a rural setting implies overlap of a nurses' role patients.
Q3) What is the percent of Canadians defined as living in a rural environment?
A) between 10 and 20 percent
B) between 20 and 30 percent
C) between 30 and 40 percent
D) between 40 and 50 percent
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Empowerment for Nurses
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21692
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient tells you that he cannot lose weight because his job keeps him on the road so he cannot exercise, and his wife fixes too many high-calorie meals. What is he demonstrating?
A) internal locus of control
B) external locus of control
C) negative locus of control
D) positive locus of control
Q2) What descriptive term do nurse scholars use when discussing people who are empowered?
A) rigid
B) disobedient
C) assertive
D) aggressive
Q3) Which of the following is implied by the term power over?
A) incorporating diversity
B) sharing responsibility with others
C) protecting limited resources
D) enhancing patients' abilities
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