Life Sciences Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Life Sciences is an interdisciplinary field that explores the structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution of living organisms. This course covers fundamental concepts in biology, ecology, genetics, physiology, and cellular biology, providing students with a comprehensive understanding of life at molecular, cellular, and ecosystem levels. Through lectures, laboratory work, and real-world case studies, students gain insight into the mechanisms that drive life processes, the interdependence of organisms and their environments, and the scientific principles underlying health, disease, and biodiversity.
Recommended Textbook
Biology The Core 2nd Edition by Eric J. Simon
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Chapter 1: An Introduction to the Science of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) The scientific method has limitations.It can only answer objective questions based on quantitative facts from observable,measurable,and repeatable experiments.It cannot answer subjective questions based on qualitative beliefs or opinions such as the presence of deities and ghosts or who makes the best doughnut.Could the scientific method theoretically be used to answer the question,"Does throwing a virgin into a volcano prevent it from erupting?" Support your answer.
Answer: While unethical,after defining a few terms,a controlled experiment could be designed to test this hypothesis.It may require multiple virgins and/or multiple volcanoes,but it would be possible to discover whether a correlation exists.
Q2) The cookies with the least amount of fat had more cells around 500 m in size than did the cookies with the most amount of fat.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) To obtain large,flat cookies,one should use more fat in a recipe.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not made from long chains of glucose?
A) Starch
B) Monosaccharides
C) Glycogen
D) Cellulose
Answer: B
Q2) Which would have the highest concentration of C-H bonds?
A) Saturated fat
B) Unsaturated fat
C) Trans fat
D) Cholesterol
Answer: A
Q3) Based on the suffix,a molecule of "maltose" is most likely what type of macromolecule?
A) Carbohydrate
B) Lipid
C) Protein
D) Nucleic acid
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) The passive transport of water is specifically called ________.
A) simple diffusion
B) facilitated diffusion
C) hydrosmosis
D) osmosis
Answer: D
Q2) Which organelle functions to break down and recycle large molecules?
A) Ribosome
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Lysosome
D) Chloroplast
Answer: C
Q3) How is DNA linked to the production of proteins?
A) Proteins hold the instructions on how to make DNA.
B) DNA is the end point of protein production that allows cells to finish making proteins.
C) DNA holds the instructions for the cells on how to make proteins.
D) DNA is not linked to the production of proteins.
Answer: C
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5
Chapter 4: Energy and Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain why mitochondria are often called "the powerhouse of the cell."
Q2) Choose the pencil that has the lowest potential energy.
A) A pencil on your desk
B) A pencil falling from your desk
C) A pencil hitting the ground after falling from your desk
D) A pencil laying on the ground
Q3) How do we know green light is not absorbed by chlorophyll?
A) Green light is the wavelength of light that is reflected instead of absorbed by the chloroplasts.
B) Not enough of the green light penetrates the ozone layer and makes it to the plant.
C) Green light has such a small wavelength that most of it goes straight through the leaves without interacting with the chlorophyll.
D) Green light does not have enough energy to excite an electron in the photosystem.
Q4) What does it mean to "fix" carbon,and during which stage of photosynthesis is carbon fixed?
Q5) What color of light is not used for photosynthesis? How could you know this just by looking at a leaf?
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Chromosomes and Inheritance
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Q1) What is cytokinesis?
A) The stage of the cell cycle that happens before the cell is ready to divide its DNA
B) The stage of the cell cycle during which the cell separates its duplicated DNA
C) The stage of the cell cycle during which the cell duplicates its DNA
D) The stage of the cell cycle after the cell has divided its DNA and during which the cytoplasm gets divided
Q2) Dead or damaged cells are replaced by the process of ________.
A) fertilization
B) binary fission
C) meiosis
D) mitosis
Q3) Assuming incomplete dominance,if a homozygous red-flowered plant is crossed with a homozygous white-flowered plant,what will be the color of the offspring?
A) Red
B) White
C) Pink
D) Red and white
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Chapter 6: Dna: the Molecule of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Are there ways to prevent cancer?
A) No, cancer cannot be prevented; it can only be treated.
B) No, cancer cannot be prevented or treated.
C) Yes, there are many ways cancer can be prevented, including through a healthy diet and exercise.
D) Yes, cancer can be prevented, but only with intense exercise.
Q2) What does it mean when we say a gene is "turned off"?
A) The gene is no longer working properly.
B) The gene cannot be transcribed and translated into a protein.
C) The gene has a mutation.
D) The gene is now activated.
Q3) Can one gene make different proteins?
A) Yes, by splicing the resulting mRNA differently (i.e., removing different exons)
B) Yes, by modifying the original DNA
C) No, because one gene can code for only a single protein
D) No, because genes do not make proteins
Q4) Restriction enzymes were originally isolated from bacteria,which used them to protect themselves from viruses.How might a restriction enzyme defeat a virus?
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Darwinian Evolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) The rapid diversification of species seen in the fossil record followed by long periods of stasis is part of the ________ model of evolution.
A) punctuated equilibrium
B) symmetric
C) spatial
D) graduated
Q2) What defines a population in evolution?
A) Members of the same group that share a common ancestor
B) Members of a single species
C) Interbreeding members of the same species
D) Multiple species interacting together
Q3) Explain how a complex trait,such as eyes or the ability to fly,can evolve by incremental modifications over time.
Q4) Which of the following best defines microevolution?
A) Changes in genes between populations
B) Changes in genes within a population over time
C) Changes in genes that do not change the gene pool over time
D) Changes across species but not in genes
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Chapter 8: Biodiversity 1: Microscopic Organisms
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Q1) What is the leading scientific hypothesis explaining how the endomembrane system of eukaryotic cells originated?
A) From the inward folding of the plasma membrane
B) From engulfing prokaryotic cells
C) From engulfing eukaryotic cells
D) From the spontaneous coalescence of phospholipids
Q2) What are the main steps of biogenesis,in the correct order?
A) Polymers, monomers, self-replicating molecules, first cells
B) Self-replicating molecules, monomers, polymers, first cells
C) Monomers, self-replicating molecules, polymers, first cells
D) Monomers, Polymers, self-replicating molecules, first cells
Q3) The protists are grouped together simply for convenience.Why are they not considered to be in a specific taxon such as a kingdom or a phylum?
Q4) HIV has an RNA genome that is converted to DNA when infecting a human immune cell.This type of virus is called a ________.
A) bacteriophage
B) prion
C) retrovirus
D) reverse transcriptase
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Chapter 9: Biodiversity 2: Fungi and Plants
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Q1) Why are roots essential for terrestrial plants?
A) They absorb carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis.
B) They allow plants to obtain sun energy.
C) They absorb water and minerals needed for growth.
D) None of the above; plants can function without roots.
Q2) Which is not a characteristic of the gymnosperms?
A) Cones
B) Seeds
C) Pollen
D) Flowers
Q3) The pollen tube grows from the ________ to the ________,where it eventually fertilizes the egg.
A) anther; style
B) sepal; filament
C) stigma; ovule
D) petal; ovary
Q4) Humans are more related to fungi than to plants.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Name four ways roots benefit a plant.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Biodiversity 3: Animals
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Sample Questions
Q1) Roundworms are more closely related to arthropods than to flatworms.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Being a heterotroph means ________.
A) making your own food from the sun
B) making your own food from oxygen
C) obtaining your food by eating other organisms
D) obtaining your food by photosynthesis
Q3) If you traveled back in time and met a living hominin,which clues might tell you that your new friend was in the genus Australopithecus and not Homo?
A) The hominin was bipedal.
B) You were in Africa.
C) The hominin had a relatively large brain.
D) You had traveled 3.5 million years into the past.
Q4) What are the key characteristics of arthropods?
A) Fused bodies, tough exoskeleton, and jointed appendages
B) Segmented bodies, no exoskeleton, and jointed appendages
C) Fused bodies, no exoskeleton, and jointed appendages
D) Segmented bodies, tough exoskeleton, and jointed appendages
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Chapter 11: Human Body Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) What carries a signal from one neuron to the next?
A) Neurotransmitter
B) Myelin
C) Synapse
D) Dendrite
Q2) What causes a stomach ulcer?
A) Lack of a key nutrient
B) Consuming too many calories
C) Chronic consumption of spicy food
D) A bacterial infection
Q3) What is the main role of red blood cells?
A) Carry sugars
B) Carry oxygen
C) Fight off infections
D) Aid blood in clotting
Q4) Describe the two separate metabolic needs that are met when a full-grown person eats a balanced diet.
Q5) Describe the role of the two antagonistic hormones involved in the feedback loop that maintains the level of glucose in the blood.Which organs are involved,and what type of feedback is this?
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Chapter 12: Ecology
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Sample Questions
Q1) All ecosystems need energy.What is the originating source for most of the energy that powers ecosystems on this planet?
A) Geothermal energy
B) Wind energy
C) Solar energy
D) Potential energy
Q2) The buildup of soil on bare rock by the decomposition of early colonizers is characteristic of ________ succession.
A) primary
B) ecological
C) opportunistic
D) secondary
Q3) Using sunflower plants to naturally remove heavy toxins from contaminated soil is an example of ________.
A) land conservancy
B) bioremediation
C) the green revolution
D) biomagnification
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