Introduction to Early Care and Education Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Early Care and Education offers an overview of the foundational principles, history, and current practices in early childhood education and care. Students will explore the developmentally appropriate approaches to supporting infants, toddlers, and young children in various settings, emphasizing the importance of play, health, safety, and family engagement. The course examines the roles of early childhood professionals, ethical standards, and the influence of culture and diversity in shaping early learning experiences, preparing students for careers in early care environments or further study in the field.
Recommended Textbook
Child Family and Community Family Centered Early Care and Education 7th Edition by Janet Gonzalez
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15 Chapters
314 Verified Questions
314 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Child in Context of Family and Community
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22 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological model
A) The child is viewed as an individual
B) The mesosystem is the most important layer
C) Development and socialization are impacted by the layers
D) Culture is not important
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following basic needs must be met in order for children to grow and learn?
A) Love, toys, food, friends
B) Air, food, rest, family
C) Family, friends, water, playtime
D) Air, food, water, rest
Answer: D
Q3) The whole child concept includes
A) The intellectual ability of the child
B) The social ability of the child
C) The intellectual and social ability of the child
D) The mind, body, feelings woven together
Answer: D
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Supporting Families Around Issues of Attachment
and Trust
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the goal of parental attachment?
A) To establish optimum closeness
B) To establish optimum distance
C) To put limits on the degree of attachment
D) To ensure a codependent attachment
Answer: A
Q2) What might happen with children who do not develop a healthy attachment to an adult?
Answer: Children who do not develop a healthy attachment to an adult may experience a lack of trust and unresolved trust issues, and may seek unhealthy adult relationships.
Q3) Which theory has something in common with Erikson, Bronfenbrenner, and Maslow?
A) Autonomy versus shame and doubt
B) Attachment
C) Temperament
D) Cultural continuity
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Supporting Families With Autonomy-Seeking Youngsters
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of a transition object?
A) Soothing music from the teacher
B) A book from the library
C) A sensory toy from the child care facility
D) A stuffed animal from home
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following is not a way to create partnerships with families?
A) Work hard to create and maintain a relationship with each family
B) Recognize that you can also learn from observing
C) Find ways to share power with the families
D) Recognize that independent practice is a strong teacher
Answer: D
Q3) What are some strategies for creating partnerships with families?
Answer: Strategies for creating partnerships with families includes:
-Creating and maintaining relationships with all families
-Model behaviors for families that expand their knowledge of guidance approaches
-Recognize that caregivers can learn from observing families
-Find ways to share power with families
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Chapter 4: Sharing Views of Initiative With Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) It is important for adults who have only worked with typically developing children to realize that some children with disabilities arrive in a play environment with less initiative and motivation to play than others. All of the following are potential reasons except
A) It may be that they have not been encouraged to play and explore
B) Children who are medically fragile may have parents who concentrate more on keeping them safe and healthy than on encouraging them to play
C) The child is interested, but has little or no access to the toys, materials, and activities
D) The child is not capable of the same type of play as a typically developing child
Q2) What is the difference between empowering and overpowering children?
Q3) How can teachers help families understand what is happening during play?
A) Teachers can explain that children are passive during play
B) Teachers can point out that children's minds are idle during play
C) Teachers can describe how children are active explorers during play
D) Teachers can tell parents that children are just running off energy
Q4) What four qualities are important when facilitating conflict resolution between children?
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Chapter 5: Working With Families of School-Age Children
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the story of Michael, what did the teachers come to understand about his behavior?
A) That Michael was a child that could not be reached
B) That Michael was a child who could easily connect with others
C) That Michael's experience of abuse and neglect meant he would always be aggressive
D) That Michael learned patterns of behavior in response to his early environment
Q2) What does the constructivist approach to education focus on?
A) Hand-on experiences that help children create knowledge
B) Educator's ability to keep learning the same for everyone
C) Teacher constructing relationships with students
D) Short term memory only
Q3) Which of the following statements is true about praise?
A) It can have negative side effects
B) It cannot be overdone
C) It is most effective when the terms "good boy" or "good girl" are used
D) It is most effective if it is not earned
Q4) What are some strategies for teaching morals through prosocial development?
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Societal Influences on Children and Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an indicator for children who are prepared to enter kindergarten?
A) Children who are can concentrate and focus
B) Children who can count to 25
C) Children who can recite the ABC song
D) Children who are ready for invented spelling
Q2) Which of the following is an example of inequity in schools?
A) All children get equal number and quality of materials
B) In wealthier districts, schools may have twice the funding per child as poorer districts
C) All schools have the same priority in terms of building maintenance and repair
D) Poor children and wealthy children get equally qualified and experienced teachers
Q3) According to the research of Adrie Kusserow, the families in Queens and the families in Manhattan treated their children very differently. What were the differences and why?
Q4) How are children socialized by their families?
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Chapter 7: Understanding Families Goals, Values, and Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) When working with a family member using the RERUN strategy, a teacher tries to see the situation from both points of view and is able to explore it clearly without defensiveness or judgments. Then the teacher is ready to see if she and the other person can find common ground. Which part for the RERUN strategy is the teacher implementing?
A) Understand
B) Explain
C) Negotiate
D) Reflect
Q2) Toilet training can be used as an example of what?
A) Ignorance on the part of parents who train early
B) The superior training of the teacher who understands "readiness" issues
C) Two different perspectives that may be cultural
D) A power struggle between the parent and the child.
Q3) Culture is most apparent when
A) We bump up against someone with different cultural beliefs
B) We treat each other as individuals
C) Respect is lacking in a relationship
D) We teach children manners
Q4) What is meant by a cultural bump?
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Chapter 8: Working With Families on Guidance Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best describes discipline?
A) It is the same as guidance
B) It must be harsh to work
C) It works all the time with every child if you find the right method
D) It is to be avoided
Q2) Calling a child's name frequently when he/she is being inappropriate
A) Helps the child get back on task
B) Reinforces negative behavior
C) Reminds the child that you are watching him/her
D) Helps to build a relationship with the child
Q3) In the story about Carla and Cody, characteristics of parents who abuse their children include which of the following?
A) Being of a low income level
B) Being isolated and having unrealistic expectations of their children
C) Lacking love for their children
D) Having a shy personality
Q4) Describe the 7 effective ways to respond to children's unacceptable behavior.
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Chapter 9: Working With Families on Addressing Feelings and Problem Solving
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Sample Questions
Q1) An important aspect of socialization is helping children recognize, accept, sort out, identify, label, integrate, express, and cope with which of the following?
A) behaviors
B) emotions
C) satisfaction
D) perspective
Q2) How does playing pretend help children cope with feelings?
Q3) Which of the following is not one of the ways to help children cope with feelings?
A) Relaxation
B) Self-calming
C) Playing pretend
D) Rewarding
Q4) How can adults help children cope with fear?
Q5) What is the function of a cultural script?
A) A script tells members what they are supposed to feel and how to convey it
B) A script helps people memorize relaxation techniques
C) A script dictates the schedule of events
D) A script helps children during dramatic play
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Chapter 10: Working With Families to Support Self-Esteem
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the term used for supporting and helping a child who is facing a challenge, which is also a means of boosting self-esteem?
A) Rescuing
B) Reality
C) Scaffolding
D) Praise
Q2) What develops when a child is given a realistic appraisal of pluses and minuses and the child decides that he/she has more positive attributes than negative ones?
A) High self-image
B) High self-actualization
C) High self-concept
D) High self-esteem
Q3) What is the difference between discriminating on the basis of skin color and recognizing differences in skin color?
Q4) What are some of the ways to teach anti-bias behaviors?
Q5) What are some strategies for changing negative messages to positive ones?
Q6) What is meant by the term "life script?"
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Working With Families Around Gender Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) In terms of culture and gender roles, which of the following is true?
A) That all cultures embrace gender equity
B) That teachers must tell parents how to raise their children to promote equity
C) That some cultures believe in raising their children with traditional gender roles
D) That all cultures have the same beliefs about gender roles
Q2) Many parents fail to emphasize which of the following when they socialize their sons?
A) Independence
B) Self-reliance
C) Nurturing behaviors
D) Achievement orientation
Q3) Which of the following is true about teaching an antibias attitude to young children?
A) It includes speaking out against racial injustice but not gender inequities
B) It is inappropriate for young children because they do not have biases
C) It gives them the skills to challenge bias of all sorts, including sexism
D) It applies only to girls
Q4) In the story of Jennifer, the mother of Zach and Jade, how did sexism show up in the way that she was stroking her children?
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Stress and Success in Family Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) How is the power dynamic between adults and children shifting within families in relation to the emerging society?
Q2) How can teachers give legitimacy to all families?
Q3) What are some strategies for working with families from a strength-based perspective?
Q4) What is the most important influence in a child's life for school success?
A) Home environment
B) Number of hours watching television
C) Home visit by an educator
D) Number of hours spent in the home
Q5) Which of the following might be too much for one family, but optimum for another?
A) Poverty
B) Resiliency
C) Stress
D) Success
Q6) How can adults help all children become resilient?
Q7) What did the 6 featured families have in common?
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Chapter 13: Early Care and Education Programs As Community Resources
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22 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following help a child bridge the gap between home and early education and care, except
A) Visiting the center before the first day the child starts
B) Attending an open house with their child
C) Visiting the center with child and staying for awhile
D) Dropping the child off at the center to encourage independence
Q2) Which of the following is a reason why kindergarten was started in the United States?
A) Kindergarten was designed to be affordable to most people
B) Kindergarten was designed to be universally available for all
C) Kindergarten was designed to make a difference in the later success of poor children
D) Kindergarten was designed to ease children into the routines and behavior expected of them when they entered first grade
Q3) Quality care is not related to which of the following?
A) Teachers' qualifications
B) Group size
C) Child-staff ratio
D) The money spent on building design
Q4) How does competition impact the relationship between families and caregivers?
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Supporting Families Through Community
Resources and Networks
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are trends mentioned in the chapter that illustrate the need for formal and informal support for families, except
A) The increasing numbers of mothers of infants and young children in the workforce
B) The growing challenge for low-income families to attain economic self-sufficiency
C) The feminization of poverty and teenage parenting
D) The rapid growth of technology
Q2) All of the following is true about families who find themselves isolated from other people, except
A) They have the best possible situation for rearing children
B) Isolation limits role models for children
C) Isolation can lead to child abuse
D) Isolation can lead to a sense of hopelessness
Q3) What challenges do community resource agencies face?
A) Offering too many services
B) Being centrally located
C) Having too few people in need of their services
D) Funding cuts
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Social Policy Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about inclusion is false?
A) Children in inclusion programs reach higher levels of achievement
B) Children in inclusion programs develop a broader range of social skills
C) Children in inclusion programs gain exposure to the larger world they will live in as adults
D) Children in inclusion programs develop sensitivity issues being around other children
Q2) Which of the following is not a result of Rob Reiner's 1998 Proposition 10 campaign?
A) A 50-cent tax on cigarettes
B) First Five programs in every county in California
C) Money to support healthy development of children under 5
D) Afterschool programs for elementary children
Q3) Which statement best characterizes Head Start?
A) It is a quick catch-up summer school program for children entering kindergarten
B) It excludes low-income children
C) It provides comprehensive services that address a wide variety of family needs
D) It is a program that includes all children regardless of income
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