Information Technology for Paralegals Practice Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores the essential role of information technology in modern legal environments, focusing on tools and applications commonly used by paralegals. Students will learn about case management software, legal research databases, electronic discovery, and document management systems, as well as the ethical and security considerations associated with handling digital information. Practical exercises emphasize the use of technology to increase efficiency, improve accuracy, and facilitate communication within legal teams, preparing students for the technological demands of the contemporary legal field.
Recommended Textbook
Technology in the Law Office 4th Edition by Thomas F. Goldman
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Technology in the Law Office
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why must the legal team and the technology support team learn each other's language?
A) so that the client can run their own technology in the courtroom.
B) because each team must speak in court to persuade the jury.
C) for each team to communicate its needs and solutions to the other.
D) to enable each team to bill the client.
Answer: C
Q2) Technology has had a significant impact not only on the ability to retain documents,but also on the following:
A) increased demand for off-site storage space for paper documents
B) the ability to find and access documents
C) the decreased retention of documents
D) the decreased demand for IT professionals
Answer: B
Q3) Increasingly,the legal team must work with ____________ in order to use computers and electronic data effectively.
Answer: legal team
Q4) _____________ is rapidly replacing paper format note taking.
Answer: Electronic note taking.
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Chapter 2: Ethics and Professional Responsibility in a Technology Age
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Sample Questions
Q1) All communication between the client and the lawyer for the purpose of obtaining legal advice is protected by the _________________.
Answer: attorney-client privilege
Q2) Under the Model Rules of Professional Conduct,the _________________has the obligation to supervise all who work on the case for him or her,including their ethical conduct.
Answer: supervising attorney
Q3) Another phrase used to describe a virtual law practice is:
A) E-Lawyering
B) Trusts and Estates
C) Domestic Relations
D) Civil Litigation
Answer: A
Q4) Documents prepared for internal investigations and audits:
A) are protected based on client confidentiality.
B) are not protected by client confidentiality.
C) are not protected by the work product doctrine.
D) are protected based on the work product doctrine.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Computers in the Law Office
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Sample Questions
Q1) Programs that perform functions in the background related to the operation of the computer are:
A) hidden software
B) utility software
C) application software
D) backdrop software
Answer: A
Q2) The type of software used generically by most users for basic functions such as word processing,preparing presentations,or electronic spreadsheets is:
A) office software suites
B) application software
C) speciality application programs
D) utility software
Answer: A
Q3) Computer software is the tangible or physical parts of a computer system.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: The Internet, the Cloud, and Communications
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Sample Questions
Q1) Because a computer may only backup what is on the computer at the time of the backup,archiving will help with saving email data.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The term used to describe the tangible or physical parts of a computer system is:
A) computer operating system
B) computer software
C) computer system
D) computer hardware
Q3) When you send a message,the routing software in your computer looks at the address to see if the destination address is one of the devices attached to your computer or some other device.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ___________ is information about a particular data set,which may describe how,when,and by whom it was received,created,accessed or modified,as well as and how it was formatted.
Q5) All of the federal ______ courts have implemented e-filing.
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Chapter 5: Word Processing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Changes in _____ are more manageable when users learn to recognize common software features and learn to adapt to the differences in programs.
Q2) The document comparison tool allows two documents to be compared and the differences shown,and the documents combined.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Track changes is a feature that shows the original text,the deleted text,and the new text using a series of lines that appear as strikethroughs and margin notes in the document.
A)True
B)False
Q4) If ____________,or a similar tool,has been used while editing a document,it is important to remove the editing history before sending it to opposing counsel,the client or the court.
Q5) In WordPerfect,the permission protection allows the author to place specific limits on what the recipient may do with the document.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Spreadsheets
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Sample Questions
Q1) Just as a formula can be entered or changed by editing it in the property bar,so can a label.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A row is a:
A) vertical set of cells in a spreadsheet
B) computerized format utilizing a series of 1s and 0s
C) horizontal set of cells in a spreadsheet
D) a template
Q3) Resources for learning to use electronic spreadsheets include:
A) online search engines
B) online tutorials
C) online templates
D) all of the above
Q4) Each spreadsheet has a choice of tools and features that may be displayed on the toolbars for quick use.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Data in a spreadsheet can be explained in the form of _____________.
Q6) A horizontal set of cells in a spreadsheet is called a ____________.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Electronic Databases
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Sample Questions
Q1) Databases organize information in _________ containing fields of information.
Q2) In the ________,the fields listed in a column are the same fields as in ___
A) change view, table layout view
B) design view, table layout view
C) change view, sample layout view
D) design view, sample layout view
Q3) A spreadsheet is a repository of information that can be sorted and displayed in a meaningful manner.
A)True
B)False
Q4) There are very few database specialty application programs for managing litigation.
A)True
B)False
Q5) In Access,a database may be started by opening a blank ________,to which the desired fields are added.
Q6) A database cannot be created from an excel spreadsheet.
A)True
B)False
Q7) In a database,the information in a horizontal row is called a __________
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Chapter 8: Utilities, applications and Tools
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Sample Questions
Q1) The PDF format is the most frequently used format:
A) to organize data into presentable reports
B) to make financial calculations
C) to edit documents
D) for web-based government forms
Q2) Paper documents may be converted to electronic format by use of:
A) scanners
B) drivers
C) forms
D) fields
Q3) __________ technology essentially permits a user to put a lock around his or her information to protect it from being discovered by others.
A) OCR
B) encryption
C) VoIP
D) PDF
Q4) Cloud storage eliminates the need to support and maintain in-house storage servers.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Office Management Software
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Sample Questions
Q1) Accounting records are important to maintain for the clients,who expect _________ billing statements.
Q2) The _______ section of office management software is used for keeping a current list of names,addresses,phone numbers,e-mail addresses,and other information for clients,opposing counsel,vendors,networking contacts,and other people and firms.
Q3) What resources are available for learning how to use office management software programs? Where are these resources located?
Q4) Calendar software provides automatic notification.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The practice of law requires a close adherence to __________,such as statutes of limitation,response deadlines,and appeal periods.
A) VoIP
B) legal fees
C) deadlines
D) confidentiality
Q6) Describe the tasks that can be completed using office management software.
Q7) _______ are items or things that have value to a business.
11
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Chapter 10: Case Organization and Management Software
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Sample Questions
Q1) A ____________ is a program presented over the internet for viewing at the user's computer.
Q2) A webinar is:
A) an enhanced course and seminar for law schools.
B) a blackboard course to train law students.
C) a seminar produced for students for the purposes of make-up assignments for missed lectures.
D) a seminar produced and presented over the Internet for viewing at the user's computer.
Q3) Web or cloud-based services that store electronic information are called ____________.
Q4) The first step in organizing a new case file is to
A) decide whether a paper or electronic file will be used.
B) break large files down into sub-files.
C) decide the arrangement of the topics within the files.
D) make copies of all the case documents.
Q5) A case notebook consists of tabbed binders with a _______ for each element of the case.
Q6) A chronological listing of the facts of a case is called a ____________.
Q7) How can a timeline be used during the initial fact gathering phase of a case?
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Chapter 11: The Changing Face of Discovery and the Basics of
E-Discovery
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is metadata?
Q2) With vast numbers of documents produced electronically,it is not possible to check every document before handing them over to opposing counsel.This can result in:
A) disclosure of client proprietary information or trade secrets.
B) disclosure of confidential material.
C) disclosure of work product material.
D) all the above
Q3) The purpose of discovery is:
A) facilitating settlement.
B) preparing for trial.
C) case evaluation.
D) all the above
Q4) Discovery should be accomplished:
A) with court oversight and intervention when necessary.
B) in a cooperative fashion without court intervention.
C) with court involvement at every step in the process.
D) in an adversarial manner using delay tactics to protect the client.
Q5) What is the duty of the litigation team regarding the disclosure of electronically stored information? What are the limitations on this duty?
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Chapter 12: Evolving Issues in E-Discovery
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Q1) A _____________ is a requirement that once a case is filed or pending,a duty exists to preserve evidence.
Q2) Spoliation includes
A) only the destruction of documents in electronic form.
B) destruction of any type of evidence.
C) only evidence that has actually been identified in discovery.
D) only evidence that may conclusively prove the case.
Q3) With paper documents and records,________ was a concern because of the physical space required and the concern over fire or water damage.
Q4) According to recent case law,sanctions for spoliation of evidence may depend on A) whether the evidence was in electronic or paper form.
B) the steps taken to preserve and collect information in discovery.
C) whether the evidence was in the form of documents, or physical evidence.
D) whether documents were destroyed by deleting or shredding.
Q5) Sanctions may include monetary penalties,or an instruction to the jury that they may infer that the destroyed documents would have been favorable to the opposing party.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: E-Discovery--The Process
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Q1) During the identification phase of e-discovery,it is necessary to determine the location of ESI and the costs of retrieval.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Electronic Discovery _________ Model provides a model for effective e-discovery procedures.
Q3) Rule 37 provides a "safe haven" from sanctions where a party has destroyed documents as part of a A) thorough process of regular data destruction.
B) random selection of documents in a scheduled destruction program. C) routine, good-faith operation of an electronic information system. D) confidential program of information retention.
Q4) Finding information on a computer,database,or a website usually requires a search _______,or a set of parameters that can narrow the data down to the relevant material.
Q5) Define the phrase "search query" in the context of e-discovery.
Q6) Describe the methods used to identify relevant information in e-discovery.
Q7) The most familiar method used for constructing a search query is the _______ model
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Analysis and Review of E-Discovery
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Q1) The typical response to a paper document request is the delivery of a photocopy of the requested item.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ____________ refers to the format in which the document was originally created.
Q3) Every electronic document has:
A) numbering.
B) metadata.
C) coding.
D) filtering.
Q4) ________ are an example of self-authenticating documents.
A) Photographs
B) Personal letters
C) Public records
D) Emails
Q5) When the information that was inadvertently disclosed is important enough to a party's case,an argument can almost certainly be made that privilege has been waived.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: The Electronic Courtroom
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Sample Questions
Q1) Immediately after the defense attorney for Greenway Chemical finished her opening statement,a lightning strike caused a temporary power failure throughout the courthouse.Although power was restored within a few minutes,the sudden shutdown of Jack Parsons' laptop damaged its hard drive,which contained the entire trial presentation.The laptop could not be rebooted,and the hard drive was permanently destroyed.All of the necessary files still existed on the file server back at the office,but it would take several hours to obtain a new computer,find a secure Internet connection,and upload the files.In chambers,Jack explained the situation,but the judge refused to grant a continuance or a recess.What could Jack have done to avoid this disaster?
Q2) A presentation electronics device used in court to assist listening for the hearing impaired is:
A) an interpreter box.
B) a document camera.
C) infrared headphones.
D) a laptop port.
Q3) A trial attorney should not have an IT specialist,or somebody trained in using the technology,at counsel table.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Presentation and Trial Graphics
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Sample Questions
Q1) A __________ can be used to display data in an easy-to-read format.
Q2) Some PowerPoint presentations pointers include:
A) using a few words per slide, using different sounds and pictures per slide, and standing in front of the presentation when speaking.
B) using a few words per slide, and using different sounds and pictures per slide.
C) using a few words per slide, using sounds when appropriate, and choosing pictures wisely.
D) using a few words per slide, using sounds when appropriate, and using vibrant and flashy background colors behind the text.
Q3) A good PowerPoint presentation can reinforce and highlight the speaker's:
A) facts and law
B) ideas and concepts.
C) legal issues
D) rules and cases
Q4) Less people are using graphics in presentations as graphics software has become less affordable and more difficult to use.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Electronic Trial Presentation
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Q1) The written version of deposition or other testimony is called a _______________.
Q2) Sanction has a set of tools for marking up and annotating items.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Effective trial presentation normally does not require the use of photographs,videos,computer simulations and other multimedia elements.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The presentation equipment that may be used in a particular courtroom is determined by A) state statute.
B) the judge.
C) the reasonable judgment of the trial team.
D) the jury's preferences.
Q5) Early in trial preparation,the legal team should confirm that all the file formats are _____ with the chosen trial presentation programs.
Q6) To create a presentation in Sanction,desired items from the exhibits listed in the ____ view may be selected.
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