Information Systems Fundamentals
Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
Information Systems Fundamentals introduces the essential concepts, components, and applications of information systems in modern organizations. The course explores how information systems support business operations, decision-making, and competitive strategies, emphasizing the integration of people, processes, data, and technology. Students will learn about different types of information systems, such as transaction processing systems, management information systems, and enterprise resource planning, as well as foundational topics in hardware, software, databases, and networking. The course also addresses ethical, security, and societal issues related to information systems, preparing students to effectively analyze and leverage technology in organizational contexts.
Recommended Textbook
Principles of Information Systems 12th Edition by Ralph Stai
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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Information Systems
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Q1) In information systems, the activity of gathering and capturing raw data is called
Answer: input
Q2) _____ is the electronic transmission of signals for communications, which enables organizations to carry out their processes and tasks through effective computer networks.
Answer: Telecommunications
Q3) Distinguish between a management information system (MIS) and decision support system (DSS).
Answer: an MIS is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices that provides routine information to managers and decision makers. Manufacturing, marketing, production, finance, and other functional areas of an organization are supported by MISs and share a common database. MISs typically provide standard reports generated with data and information from the transaction processing system (TPS) or enterprise resource planning (ERP) system.
A DSS is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices that support problem-specific decision making. The focus of a DSS is on making effective decisions. Whereas an MIS helps an organization "do things right," a DSS helps a manager "do the right thing."
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Chapter 2: Information Systems in Organizations
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Q1) _____ is a set of major understandings and assumptions shared by a group, such as within an ethic group or country.
Answer: culture
Q2) The concept of a value chain is not significant to organizations that do not manufacture products.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The _____ group of a typical information systems organization is responsible for the day-to-day running of IS hardware to process the organization's information systems workload.
Answer: operations
Q4) A(n) _____ is a professional in a developmental group of an information systems department who assists in choosing and configuring hardware and software, matching technology to users' needs, monitoring and testing the system in operation, and troubleshooting problems after implementation.
Answer: systems analyst
Q5) A(n) _____is also known as a strategic partnership.
Answer: strategic alliance
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Chapter 3: Hardware: Input, Processing, Output, and Storage Devices
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Q1) A(n) _____ is a personal computer designed for use by mobile users, being small and light enough to sit comfortably on a user's lap.
Answer: laptop computer
Q2) The _____ takes binary data from the central processing unit (CPU) and translates it into an image a user sees on his or her display device.
Answer: computer graphics card
Q3) Virtual tape technology can decrease data access time, lower the total cost of ownership, and reduce the amount of floor space consumed by tape operations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) As the difference among computer manufacturers in the arenas of price and performance narrows, support for green computing is emerging as a new business strategy for these companies to distinguish themselves from the competition.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Software: Systems and Application Software
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Q1) Distinguish between systems software and application software.
Q2) _____ software are utility programs that can help a company manage security, enforce corporate strategies, and control downloads and content streaming from corporate databases into smartphones and mobile devices.
Q3) Most operating systems support virtual memory, which allocates space on the hard disk to supplement the immediate, functional memory capacity of RAM.
A)True
B)False
Q4) _____ software allows a server to run more than one operating system at the same time.
Q5) A software suite is a collection of programs packaged together as a bundle and typically includes a word processor, spreadsheet program, graphics program, and more. A)True
B)False
Q6) _____ is software that is distributed, typically for free, with the source code also available so that it can be studied, changed, and improved by its users.
Q7) A set of rules associated with a programming language is known as _____.
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Chapter 5: Database Systems and Applications
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Q1) ______ use basic graphical symbols to show an organization of and relationships between data.
Q2) Briefly describe the relational database model.
Q3) A(n) _____ is a field or set of fields that uniquely identifies a record.
Q4) In the relational model, each row in a table represents an entity, and each column represents an attribute of that entity.
A)True
B)False
Q5) In the relational database model, each row of a table represents a(n) _____.
Q6) A(n) ______ is an individual who is expected to have a clear understanding of the fundamental business of an organization, be proficient in the use of selected database management systems, and stay abreast of emerging technologies and new design approaches.
Q7) Often, distinct yet related databases are linked to provide enterprise-wide databases.
A)True
B)False
Q8) Oracle, IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Access, MySQL, and Sybas are databases based on the _____ model.
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Chapter 6: Telecommunications and Networks
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Q1) With distributed processing, processing devices are placed at remote locations but are connected to each other via a network.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Network management software is a system software that controls the computer systems and devices on a network and allows them to communicate with each other.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the National Do Not Call Registry. How does it work?
Q4) A(n) ______ is a telecommunications device that forwards data packets between computer networks.
Q5) _____ are a type of two-dimensional bar code that can be scanned by users with a smartphone camera that is equipped with the appropriate software to display text or connect to a wireless network and open a Web page in the smartphone's browser.
A) Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags
B) Unified communication codes
C) Quick response (QR) codes
D) Smart cards
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Chapter 7: The Internet, Web, Intranets, and Extranets
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Q1) Software used to subscribe to Really Simple Syndication (RSS) feeds is called _____.
Q2) The _____ is the primary method for interacting with the Internet.
Q3) Push email allows a user to view email from any mobile or desktop device connected to a corporate server.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A meta search engine allows a user to run a keyword search on several search engines at once.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Web _____ such as Adobe Flash and Real Player, provide additional features to standard Web sites.
Q6) _____ is a protocol that supports file transfers between a host and a remote computer.
Q7) Vertical portals are pages that provide information and links for special-interest groups.
A)True
B)False
Q8) Explain the rules that apply to using domain names.
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Chapter 8: Electronic and Mobile Commerce
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Q1) _____ occurs when someone steals a person's personal information and uses it without his or her permission often to commit fraud or other crimes.
Q2) Conversion to an e-commerce or m-commerce system enables organizations to increase the accuracy of order processing and order fulfillment.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _____ is a subset of e-commerce where all the participants are organizations.
Q4) The market for m-commerce in North America is maturing much earlier than in Western Europe and Japan.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Using a blind network, big brand advertisers can secure elite locations on top-tier destinations.
A)True
B)False
Q6) _____ is the process of tailoring Web pages to specifically target individual consumers.
Q7) _____ exchanges are owned and operated by a single company.
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Chapter 9: Enterprise Systems
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Q1) Small and medium size organizations do not employ enterprise systems.
A)True
B)False
Q2) As an organization's purchasing systems generate purchase orders and the items ordered are received, information is sent to the _____ system to manage the amounts owed by the organization.
A) accounts receivable
B) accounts payable
C) invoicing
D) inventory control
Q3) Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems operate via an integrated database, using one set of data to support all business functions.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Payroll transactions and billing are typically done via _____.
A) grid processing
B) online transaction processing (OLTP)
C) online analytical processing (OLAP)
D) batch processing
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Chapter 10: Information and Decision Support Systems
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Q1) Identify and briefly describe the various kinds of reports frequently produced by an MIS.
Q2) _____ capture transactions entered by workers in all functional areas of the business.
Q3) The overall objective of master production scheduling is to provide vague plans for long-range scheduling of manufacturing facilities.
A)True
B)False
Q4) _____ reports are management reports that are automatically produced when a situation is unusual or requires management action.
A) Exception
B) Drill-down
C) Scheduled
D) Demand
Q5) A(n)_____ DSS is concerned with situations or decisions that come up only a few times during the life of the organization.
Q6) How can group support systems help reduce negative group behavior that can lead to ineffective group decision making?
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Chapter 11: Knowledge Management and Specialized Information Systems
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Q1) A(n) _____ consists of programs and a knowledge base used to perform a specific task for a person, a process, or another program.
Q2) Many organizations actively attempt to convert explicit knowledge to tacit knowledge.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A genetic algorithm can be used to search the vast resources of the Internet to find information on any topic.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Identify and briefly define several specialty areas of artificial intelligence.
Q5) A _____ is a conditional statement that links conditions to actions or outcomes.
A) simulation
B) case
C) rule
D) genetic algorithm
Q6) BrainGate, which can be used to connect a human brain to a computer, is an example of a _____.
Q7) _____ knowledge is objective and can be measured and documented.
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Chapter 12: Systems Development
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Q1) In the context of systems development, users can only be the employees of an organization.
A)True
B)False
Q2) _____ determines whether a project can be completed in a reasonable amount of time.
A) Technical feasibility
B) Schedule feasibility
C) Operational feasibility
D) Economic feasibility
Q3) The purpose of studying a system is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the existing system and examine current inputs, outputs, processes, security and controls, and system performance.
A)True
B)False
Q4) _____ is the stage of systems development that answers the question, "How will the information system solve a problem?"
Q5) ______ are people who ultimately will be affected (for better or worse) by a systems development project.
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Chapter 13: Systems Development: Construction,
Integration and Testing, Implementation, Operation an
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Q1) The _____ is an iterative systems development approach developed by IBM that includes a number of tools and techniques that are typically tailored to fit the needs of a specific company or organization.
Q2) _____ involves running a complete new system for one group of users rather than all users.
A) Phase-in approach
B) Parallel start-up
C) Cutover
D) Pilot start-up
Q3) The object-oriented (OO) approach can also be used during systems analysis.
A)True
B)False
Q4) _____ involves testing the complete, integrated system (hardware, software, databases, people, and procedures) to validate that an information system meets all specified requirements.
A) Integration testing
B) System testing
C) Volume testing
D) User acceptance testing
Q5) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of agile development.
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Chapter 14: The Personal and Social Impact of Computers
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Q1) A(n) _____ is software that runs in the background to protect a user's computer from dangers lurking on the Internet and other possible sources of infected files.
Q2) Catching and convicting criminal hackers remains an easy task, and the method behind these crimes is often easy to determine.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Heavy computer users who experience red, dry, itchy eyes should _____.
A) consider the use of artificial tears
B) consider the use of older, but more human friendly CRT monitors
C) keep their focus on their screens for long hours
D) avoid blinking often
Q4) _____ is a legislation that requires businesses to prove that they are securing their data.
A) Internet Tax Freedom Act
B) Sarbanes-Oxley Act
C) Glass-Steagall Act
D) Judiciary Act
Q5) _____ is the act of unauthorized copying, downloading, sharing, selling, or installing of software.
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