Geriatric Assessment and Intervention Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Geriatric Assessment and Intervention is a comprehensive course that explores the multidimensional evaluation and care of older adults. Students will examine the physical, psychological, social, and functional components unique to aging populations, gaining skills in conducting thorough assessments and identifying age-related changes, common geriatric syndromes, and complex comorbidities. The course emphasizes the development and implementation of individualized, evidence-based interventions, interdisciplinary collaboration, and strategies to promote optimal health, independence, and quality of life among the elderly. Ethical considerations, communication with older adults and their families, and use of assessment tools will also be addressed.
Recommended Textbook Ebersole and Hess Gerontological Nursing and Healthy Aging in Canada 2nd Edition by Theris A.
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26 Chapters
314 Verified Questions
314 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Healthy Aging
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17 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse plans activities for female older persons born between 1930 and 1940 who reside in an assisted-living facility.Which is the best intervention for the nurse to implement?
A)Have them bake cookies twice a week.
B)Conduct interviews for specific interests.
C)Arrange dog and cat visits from volunteers.
D)Take them to the library for guest speakers.
Answer: B
Q2) Mrs.McCloud, 70 years old, lives in Attawapiskat and speaks mostly Cree.She is transferred to a hospital in a larger city in Ontario for hemodialysis.While Mrs.M.is in hospital, what should the nurse take into account when developing nursing interventions based on health promotion?
A)Instruct the older person to monitor her fluid intake on an hourly basis.
B)Demonstrate, through pictures, how to eat a healthy, well-balanced diet.
C)Ask the older person about her home and how she accesses health care.
D)Ask the older person why she did not seek help sooner, to prevent the need for hemodialysis.
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Gerontological Nursing History, Education, and Roles
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was the first formal action taken by the Canadian Gerontological Nursing Association (CGNA) in relation to gerontological nursing?
A)The CGNA established the first provincial gerontological nursing association.
B)The CGNA established gerontological nursing standards.
C)The CGNA created the Canadian Association of Older Adults.
D)The CGNA formed the Canadian Association of Gerontology.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following statements best identifies gerontological nursing?
A)Nurses have only recently become involved in the care of the older person.
B)Gerontological care, while important, is the smallest specialty group within the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA).
C)The purposes of gerontological nursing include promotion of health and support for maximal function.
D)Canadian Nurses Association certification is available only for gerontological nurses in research positions.
Answer: C
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4
Chapter 3: Communicating With Older Persons
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older person living in long-term care begins to forget where activities occur, so the nurse engages her in reminiscence.Which goal of reminiscence is the most relevant to improve the nurse's communication with this older person?
A)Reminiscence provides cognitive stimulation.
B)Reminiscence helps to obtain information about fears.
C)Reminiscence offers a pleasurable experience.
D)Reminiscence can improve depressive symptoms.
Answer: A
Q2) The vision of a female patient is deteriorating, and she is depressed about her condition.Which of the following nursing interventions is most likely to address both conditions?
A)Provide adequate lighting without glare.
B)Maintain a consistent room arrangement.
C)Train her with low-vision assistive devices.
D)Offer your arm when ambulating in the hall.
Answer: C
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5
Chapter 4: Culture, Ethnicity, and Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) When working with an interpreter, which of the following principles should the nurse understand?
A)If the nurse speaks the same language as the patient, then an interpreter is not required.
B)When working with interpreters, the nurse should use technical terms or metaphors in order to help the patient fully understand what is being communicated.
C)A patient's young granddaughter who speaks English fluently would make the best interpreter because she is familiar with and loves the patient.
D)The nurse should face the patient, rather than the interpreter.
Q2) The health care provider discusses the need for surgery with an older person and her family.Which information about the older person's culture is important for the nurse to collect before this discussion to facilitate the process of informed consent?
A)Attitudes about caregiving
B)Process of decision making
C)Rituals for death and dying
D)Experience with discomfort
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Chapter 5: Nursing Documentation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which documentation tool does the nurse use in extended care and long-term care settings to gather definitive information on the resident's functioning?
A)Narrative patient progress notes
B)Problem-oriented documentation
C)Resource Utilization Group (RUG)
D)Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI)
Q2) Which of the following is a true statement about documentation?
A)Nurses should keep records of patients' wishes.
B)Patients do not have access to their own medical records.
C)The DARE approach is a complete record of the health status of a patient.
D)The nurse is responsible for completing all of the Minimum Data Set (MDS).
Q3) The same nursing documentation record is used in every unit of a hospital.Why does a hospital use a standardized form for nursing documentation?
A)Standardized documentation helps to provide continuity of care.
B)Standardized documentation assists in maintaining confidentiality.
C)Standardized documentation reduces the number of medication errors.
D)Standardized documentation guarantees excellence of care between units.
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Chapter 6: Biological Theories and Physical Changes of Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) Decreased functioning of which physical structure is likely to result in decreased metabolism in older persons?
A)Kidney
B)Thyroid gland
C)Brain
D)Skeleton
Q2) Which age-related change contributes to anorexia and weight loss in the older person?
A)Excessive saliva
B)Fewer taste buds
C)Wearing dentures
D)Softened tooth enamel
Q3) Which change in the skin is abnormal in an older person?
A)Thinner and more fragile skin
B)A tear in the skin after being assisted with transferring from the bed
C)Mottled pigmentation and greater number of freckles
D)Loss of hair on the extremities
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Social, Psychological, Spiritual, and Cognitive Aspects of Aging
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11 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about sociological theories of aging?
A)Disengagement theory, activity theory, and continuity theory are supported by data.
B)Everyone should be able to achieve the three tasks of Peck's model of integrity.
C)The exercising of rights is not a task of aging in Kelly's model.
D)A person may choose to avoid pursuing inner discovery in old age.
Q2) Crystallized intelligence consists of:
A)Memories created more than 20 years ago.
B)Knowledge and abilities that the person acquires through education and life.
C)Skills that are biologically determined.
D)Education acquired through post-secondary education.
Q3) In which context are members of a cohort described when using the age-stratification theory to explain the effect of similar events, conditions, and circumstances?
A)Historical context
B)Biological context
C)Sociological context
D)Chronological context
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Nutritional Needs
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Sample Questions
Q1) The following nursing interventions represent the four steps of a nutritional assessment.Which one would be the final step in the nutritional assessment?
A)Measure the midpoint of the upper arm.
B)Obtain blood for biochemical serum examination.
C)Examine the lips, gums, oral cavity, and skin turgor.
D)Obtain a detailed weight history.
Q2) An older person who has iron deficiency anemia complains of abdominal pain, fullness, and diarrhea over a period of 24 hours.Which patient data potentially indicate a systemic cause of this individual's constipation?
A)Abdominal pain
B)Feeling of fullness
C)Loose, watery stools
D)Iron deficiency anemia
Q3) Which of the following is a true statement about dental health in older persons?
A)Most people can expect to lose most of their teeth by old age.
B)Excessive saliva production is a common problem among older persons.
C)Functional and cognitive limitations may contribute to poor oral hygiene.
D)A little blood on the toothbrush is normal.
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Chapter 9: Hydration and Continence
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older female adult tells the nurse practitioner that she fears her family will place her in a nursing home because she developed stress incontinence.Which recommendation should the nurse implement?
A)Tell her to eliminate the use of caffeinated beverages.
B)Coordinate a family conference with the older person.
C)Recommend exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor.
D)Schedule voiding for every two hours around the clock.
Q2) An older person who is on bedrest has tachycardia and dry mucous membranes, and decreased urinary output after surgery.Which of the following situations is the nurse's priority for preventive care because of the patient's fluid volume status?
A)Bowel obstruction
B)Delirious behaviour
C)Thromboembolic events
D)Delayed wound healing
Q3) Which type of incontinence is characterized by a large residual urine volume?
A)Urge incontinence
B)Stress incontinence
C)Overflow incontinence
D)Functional incontinence
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Rest, Sleep, and Activity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is important to include in the initial assessment for older persons who are frail and are beginning an exercise program?
A)Exercise tolerance testing (ETT)
B)The older person's financial ability to pay for training sessions
C)A medical history and physical examination
D)Pulmonary function tests (PFTs)
Q2) An older person who is overweight and hypertensive awakens abruptly during the night with gasping and choking.Which action should the nurse implement to manage this patient's signs and symptoms?
A)Obtain a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG).
B)Administer an anti-anxiety medication.
C)Raise the head of the patient's bed to 30 degrees.
D)Offer a cool cloth and refresh the patient's bed linens.
Q3) Which of the following are benefits of exercise for nonambulatory older persons?
A)Muscle weakness and atrophy may be reversed.
B)Incontinence problems will be resolved.
C)Memory issues may improve.
D)Ambulation will develop.
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Chapter 11: Promoting Healthy Skin and Feet
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 70-year-old woman complains of dry skin and asks for advice.Which advice should the nurse offer to this older person for improving her dry skin?
A)Add oil to bath water to keep skin soft.
B)Keep bath water at a tepid temperature.
C)Move to a climate with lower humidity.
D)Dry the skin vigorously with a rough towel after bathing.
Q2) The nurse plans care to protect the skin covering an immobile older person's greater trochanter.What is the nurse's priority intervention when the older person is positioned on the side?
A)Turn the patient at least once every hour.
B)Place a cushion between the patient's knees.
C)Keep the patient's skin clean and dry.
D)Use the Sims' position.
Q3) The nurse monitors for which of the following clinical indicators when an older person complains of pruritus?
A)Dry, flaky skin
B)Brown macule
C)Brownish skin
D)Regional edema
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Maintaining Mobility and Environmental Safety
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse assesses the quality of which patient characteristic when applying the Get Up and Go test from the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model?
A)Stride
B)Speed
C)Balance
D)Flexibility
Q2) Which of the following statements is true about mobility and safety for older persons?
A)Use of restraints on older patients helps prevent injuries from falls.
B)Falls that do not cause physical injury are not significant.
C)The Braden Scale provides a measure of a patient's energy and initiative.
D)Lowering the bed and using night lights are interventions to increase patient safety.
Q3) Driving cessation has been associated with which of the following?
A)Decreased social integration
B)Decreased income
C)Increase in falls
D)More prescription medications
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14
Chapter 13: Assessment Tools in Gerontological Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which assessment tool is the most comprehensive exam of an older person's functional status?
A)Katz Index
B)Fulmer SPICES
C)The Functional APGAR Evaluation Tool
D)The Older Americans Resources and Services (OARS) instrument
Q2) Which of the following is considered a functional activity needed for independent living (an instrumental activity of daily living, or IADL)?
A)Feeding
B)Dressing
C)Washing clothes
D)Getting out of bed
Q3) Which one of the following categories is not found in the Fulmer SPICES assessment tool?
A)Pain
B)Confusion
C)Falling
D)Incontinence
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15
Chapter 14: Safe Medication Use for Older Persons
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mr.Perrault, 75 years of age, was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease two years ago.Over the last 24 hours, he appears to have become more confused and agitated.Which of the following should the nurse consider as a possible cause of these symptoms, knowing that Mr.Perrault is receiving medication to alleviate some of his Parkinson's disease symptoms?
A)Delirium and dementia
B)Adverse drug reaction and delirium
C)Dementia and adverse drug reaction
D)Worsening of dementia
Q2) Which of the following medications correctly matches the older-person condition given, according to current medical knowledge?
A)Alprazolam (Xanax) for depression at bedtime
B)Buspirone (BuSpar) for chronic anxiety states
C)Amitriptyline (Elavil) for depression in the morning
D)Haloperidol (Haldol) long-term for psychotic behavior
Q3) Polypharmacy may include which one of the following definitions?
A)10 or more prescribed medications
B)Adverse drug reactions
C)More than 3 prescribers of medications for one client
D)Use of medications that are duplicated or unnecessary
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Chapter 15: Living With Chronic Illness
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older male adult who is right-handed works as a carpenter, but he has been left with a flaccid right arm after a thrombus occluded a cerebral artery.Which is the most important goal for the plan of care to help this man achieve his optimal state of health and wellness?
A)Maintain skin integrity of the right arm.
B)Collaborate with occupational therapy.
C)Promote plaque-reversing strategies.
D)Support effective coping mechanisms.
Q2) An older female adult is diagnosed with a chronic illness.Which principle should the nurse apply when answering her questions?
A)The most prevalent form of disease in Canada is acute illness.
B)Usually, chronic disease has a negligible impact on the family.
C)Chronic illness is unending, and coping can be influenced by the perception of uncertainty.
D)Older persons cope successfully with chronic disease by learning about the disease.
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Chapter 16: Pain and Comfort
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse uses comfort measures to enhance an older person's pharmacological pain management.Which should the nurse use to identify relationships between comfort measures, pharmacotherapy, and the older person's pain level?
A)Older person's self-report
B)Older person's pain diary
C)Visual Analogue Scale
D)Pain medication frequency
Q2) An older female adult had surgery one day ago, and the nurse thinks that the woman also has dementia.While assessing the patient, what indication would the nurse use to determine that the older person is experiencing pain?
A)The patient holds her abdomen tightly.
B)The patient has stable vital signs.
C)The patient is not verbalizing.
D)The patient moves during sleep.
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18
Chapter 17: Diabetes Mellitus
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a true statement about diabetes mellitus?
A)Type 2 diabetes results from a failure of the pancreas to produce insulin.
B)Diabetes is diagnosed after two fasting plasma glucose readings over 4.4-6.1 mmol/L (82-110 mg/dL).
C)Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is another name for type 1 diabetes.
D)The incidence of diabetes mellitus does not increase with age.
Q2) An older female adult who has diabetes mellitus takes Glitazone (a thiazolidinedione medication) and tells the nurse that her blood sugars have been higher than normal since she began using a vaginal cream for hot flashes.Which one of the following interventions is the best one for the nurse to implement?
A)Ask if she had a fever or infection recently.
B)Verify the expiration date of the medication.
C)Review her diet for increased carbohydrates.
D)Ascertain if the vaginal cream contains estrogen.
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Chapter 18: Bone and Joint Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older female adult seeks advice from the nurse about preventing further bone loss after being diagnosed with osteopenia.To achieve the woman's goal, which teaching should the nurse provide to enhance the activity of osteoblasts?
A)Limit sodium intake.
B)Refrain from alcohol use.
C)Eat high-fibre foods.
D)Exercise with weights.
Q2) After living with osteoporosis for two years, an older female adult's bone density scan shows no improvement.Which intervention should the nurse implement to reduce bone loss for this older person?
A)Add tai chi or yoga exercises.
B)Instruct her to drink fortified milk.
C)Increase weight-bearing exercise.
D)Review her daily nutritional habits.
Q3) Which statement about joints in older persons is true?
A)Osteoarthritis is an inflammatory joint disorder.
B)Surgical joint replacement can cure osteoarthritis.
C)Joint damage in osteoarthritis is reversed with medication.
D)Very old persons should avoid joint replacement surgery.
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Visual and Auditory Changes
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB), age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of severe vision loss in older persons in Canada.The CNIB suggests that older persons can change several modifiable risk factors to reduce or prevent AMD.Which of the following demonstrates modification of a risk factor for AMD?
A)Consume few or no alcoholic beverages.
B)Stop smoking.
C)Avoid direct sunlight.
D)Consume foods high in vitamin C.
Q2) Glaucoma is a major public health problem.It is estimated that 250,000 Canadians were living with glaucoma in 2009.Mr.Gonzalez, 70 years of age, has told the nurse that he is experiencing frequent headaches, poor vision in dimly lit areas, increased sensitivity to glare, "tired eyes," and some impaired peripheral vision, especially when he is driving.Which type of glaucoma is Mr.Gonzalez experiencing?
A)Primary open-angle glaucoma
B)Acute angle-closure glaucoma
C)Low tension glaucoma
D)Normal tension glaucoma
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Chapter 20: Cardio-Vascular and Respiratory Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Public Health Agency of Canada and the Canadian Lung Association recommend that every older person who will be entering a long-term care (LTC) facility as a resident will become part of communal living and must therefore undergo annual testing for tuberculosis (TB).Which of the following statements about TB in older persons is TRUE?
A)The principal threat from TB is its highly contagious nature.
B)The tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) test is a conclusive test for TB.
C)Antimicrobial drugs have made TB a thing of the past.
D)Older persons who contracted TB in their youth may suffer reactivation of TB.
Q2) What is the most important goal in the nursing plan of care to decrease the frequency of hospitalizations for acute exacerbations of heart failure (HF) in older persons who have HF?
A)Control fluid balance.
B)Control blood pressure.
C)Prevent deconditioning.
D)Maintain patient safety.
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Chapter 21: Cognitive Impairment and Neurological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pharmacological interventions should not replace thoughtful and careful evaluation and management of the underlying causes of delirium.Which medication administered for delirium in a controlled environment can reduce the duration and severity of delirium for high-risk patients?
A)Haloperidol (Haldol)
B)Thioridazine (Mellaril)
C)Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
D)Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
Q2) Cerebrovascular disease is manifested as either a stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) or a transient ischemic attack (TIA).Mr.Dickson, 75 years of age, has been admitted to the hospital with an ischemic stroke.Which of the following would be an expected finding in an older person with an ischemic stroke?
A)A sudden explosive, unrelenting headache
B)Decreased level of consciousness
C)Sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body
D)A seizure lasting one to two minutes
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23
Chapter 22: Economic and Legal Issues
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Q1) The nurse distrusts the male caregiver, the son of an older female adult, and collaborates with social services about potential resources for abused older persons.Which characteristics of the caregiver does the nurse report to social services as indicators of potential elder abuse?
A)The caregiver collects unemployment benefits.
B)The caregiver keeps his mother isolated from other family members and services.
C)The caregiver takes frequent breaks for smoking.
D)The caregiver sits at the patient's bedside for hours daily.
Q2) An older male adult is being abused by his daughter, a single, working mother of four children, with whom he lives.The nurse investigates and learns that the abuse is due to situational stress.Which should the nurse implement to address the short-term crisis?
A)Remove him from his daughter's home immediately.
B)Encourage the daughter to work with social services.
C)Arrange respite care or day care for the patient.
D)Place the patient in a long-term care facility.
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24
Chapter 23: Relationships, Roles, and Transitions
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Q1) Which of the following statements is true about caregiving?
A)Dementia in an older person can cause grief in the caregiver, comparable to the grief from the older person's death.
B)Middle-aged adults and older parents reverse lifelong caregiving roles with increasing age.
C)Older persons should relocate to the caregiver's home when long distances separate the two.
D)Increasing numbers of adult children who are developmentally disabled become caregivers for their older parents.
Q2) The World Health Organization defines sexual health as a state of physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being related to sexuality.What is the most common reason for sexual inactivity among older persons who have a partner?
A)Sexual prowess and desire wane as the individual ages.
B)Sexual inactivity is related to the male partner, who has poor health.
C)Sex is not as important as it was when a couple was trying to have children.
D)Social and cultural rules determine sexual inactivity in older persons.
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25
Chapter 24: Mental Health and Wellness in Later Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older female adult lost her brother recently, provides care for her husband who has health needs, and must move to a new location after having lived for 35 years in the same house.When she arrives for primary care with clinical indicators of influenza, which of the following does the nurse recognize about this older person?
A)She is exhibiting attention-seeking behaviours.
B)Crises and stressors can impair physical health.
C)Her greatest need is respite care for her husband.
D)Crisis leads to a lower functional status for the person.
Q2) Which statement is true about the mental health of older persons?
A)Nurses should discourage denial and regression so older persons can face underlying causes of anxiety directly.
B)Anxiety is easily distinguished from depression, dementia, and the effects of disease or medication.
C)Compulsive rituals surrounding toileting and sleep are signs of a serious mental disorder.
D)The nurse avoids anti-anxiety medications without an assessment for factors associated with anxiety.
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Chapter 25: Loss, Death, and Palliative Care
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Q1) After an older person dies, his brother, who has a history of alcohol abuse, upsets the family by going on a drinking binge instead of attending the funeral.What is the best description of the brother's behaviour?
A)The brother has a personality disorder.
B)The brother is displaying a disrespectful attitude.
C)The brother is experiencing disenfranchised grief.
D)The brother is experiencing chronic grief.
Q2) When an older female adult who is close to death asks the family to leave after short visits and acts withdrawn in their presence; the family becomes distraught.What does the nurse include in family teaching to explain the patient's behaviour?
A)The patient is preoccupied with her own death.
B)The patient must have unresolved family issues.
C)The patient can be experiencing anticipatory grief.
D)The patient's body prepares for death in this manner.
Q3) Which of the following characteristics is associated with acute grief?
A)Waves of grief or distressing emotion
B)Prolonged inability to sleep after a loss
C)Exacerbations of grief on specific dates
D)Change in attitude toward the future loss
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Page 27
Chapter 26: Care Across the Continuum
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Q1) Nurses are concerned with assessing the impact of relocation on older persons, and determining methods to mitigate any negative reactions.Which characteristic of relocation stress syndrome in a resident being transferred from acute care to a long-term care facility should the nurse be aware of?
A)Agitation
B)Feelings of loss of control
C)Presence of a caring family
D)Hallucinations
Q2) The nurse assesses an older person who was transferred yesterday from an acute care hospital.What should the nurse assess to determine if this individual is under stress from the transfer?
A)The nurse should find out the length of the resident's stay in the acute care facility.
B)The nurse should determine the resident's options and input into relocation.
C)The nurse should question the older person about the presence of familiar people throughout the transfer.
D)The nurse should determine whether a tour of the new facility was completed shortly after the transfer.
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