Geographic Information Science and Technology
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Course Introduction
Geographic Information Science and Technology explores the principles, techniques, and applications of managing and analyzing spatial data. This course covers the foundations of geographic information systems (GIS), including data collection, management, visualization, and spatial analysis. Students learn how geospatial technologies are used in solving real-world problems across diverse fields such as urban planning, environmental management, public health, and resource allocation. Through practical exercises and case studies, participants gain hands-on experience with GIS software and tools, preparing them for the effective use of geographic information in both academic research and professional practice.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Geospatial Technologies 1st Edition by Bradley Shellito
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15 Chapters
228 Verified Questions
228 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Its A Geospatial World Out There
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe three fields in the public sector that utilize geospatial technology.
Answer: There are many possible answers to this question,as geospatial technologies are used in such a large variety of fields.From information presented in the chapter,geospatial technologies can be used for the following three fields;1)homeland security,2)law enforcement,and 3)public health and human services.
Q2) Describe three applications of geospatial technology in the private sector.
Answer: There are numerous answers to this question,as geospatial technologies are used in a wide variety of settings.From information presented in the chapter,geospatial technologies can be used for the following three examples;1)mapping the locations of homes for sale so that users can spatially compare home values and selling prices; 2)determining the best new site for a new restaurant or retail business; and 3)tracking the location of new housing developments over time.
Q3) Computer-based mapping and analysis of location-based data best describes: A)GIS.
B)GPS.
C)remote sensing.
D)aerial photography.
Answer: A
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3
Chapter
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14 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is used to ensure that UTM measurements of the southern hemisphere have a positive value?
A)A false northing value
B)A false easting value
C)A false southing value
D)A false polar value
Answer: A
Q2) A datum represents
A)a reference surface used in computing coordinates.
B)a zero point from which to calculate elevations.
C)the origin point for longitude measurements.
D)the curvature of the Earth,used in computing latitude and longitude.
Answer: A
Q3) The origin point for 0 degrees longitude is
A)Greenwich,England.
B)Washington,D.C. ,USA.
C)Paris,France.
D)San Salvador Island,the Bahamas.
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Getting Your Data to Match the Map
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10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Control points are best described as A)areas on the map where the projection can easily change.
B)points on the map that do not have spatial reference.
C)points in the data that share the same datum,no matter how the datasets are altered.
D)common locations used in aligning two datasets.
Answer: D
Q2) Calculating new locations and new pixel values for an image refers to A)skewing.
B)translation.
C)affining.
D)resampling.
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following indicates the best transformation of the data has taken place?
A)A negative value for RMSE
B)The lowest possible value for RMSE
C)The highest possible value for RMSE
D)An RMSE value of exactly (or as close as possible)to 1
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Finding Your Location With the Global
Positioning System
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Sample Questions
Q1) The U.S.GPS is called A)NAVSTAR.
B)GNSS.
C)Galileo.
D)Transit.
Q2) The datum used by GPS is A)NAD27.
B)NAD83.
C)WGS84. D)NADCON.
Q3) Which of the following statements is correct concerning GPS signals and codes?
A)The C/A and P codes are both transmitted on both L1 and L2.
B)The C/A code is transmitted on L1 and the P code is transmitted on L2.
C)The C/A code is transmitted on L1 and the P code is transmitted on L1 and L2.
D)The C/A code is transmitted on L1 and L2 while the P code is transmitted on L2.
Q4) Describe the basic operation of an SBAS in increasing the accuracy of GPS.
Q5) Explain why a minimum of three satellites is necessary to determine a receiver's position using GPS.Also,describe why a fourth satellite is used in position determination.
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Chapter 5: Working With Digital Spatial Data and GIS
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20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Two tables may be joined together if which of the following conditions are met?
A)The two tables have a common record.
B)The two tables have a common field.
C)The two tables contain the same data layers.
D)The two tables' data covers the same geographic area.
Q2) A map showing the locations of the top tourist destinations in Florida,ranked by the number of tourists that came to them in 2011,is showing what type of data?
A)Nominal
B)Ordinal
C)Interval
D)Ratio
Q3) The "information" being handled by GIS refers to
A)spatial information.
B)tabular information.
C)visual information.
D)non-spatial information.
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Chapter
14 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An area of spatial proximity around a point refers to which GIS operation?
A)Spatial join
B)Buffer
C)Closed circle
D)Union
Q2) Which geoprocessing operation will select all areas from the first dataset and also the areas that a second dataset has in common with them?
A)Union
B)Identity
C)Symmetrical difference
D)Intersect
Q3) Which geoprocessing operation will select all areas from the first dataset and also all areas from the second dataset?
A)Intersect
B)Union
C)Symmetrical difference
D)Identity
Q4) Describe two applications of spatial analysis using GIS (to solve real-world problems or concerns).
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Chapter 7: Using GIS to Make a Map
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following data classification methods attempts to place an equal number of data values in each class?
A)Quantiles
B)Standard deviation
C)Equal interval
D)Natural breaks
Q2) Which of the following data classification methods selects class break levels by searching for spaces in the data values?
A)Standard deviation
B)Natural breaks
C)Equal interval
D)Quantiles
Q3) On a very small scale map,cities would likely be shown as A)points.
B)polygons.
C)individual lines.
D)grid cells.
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Chapter 8: Getting There Quicker With Geospatial Technology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The number of units to travel along a link of a network is A)link speed.
B)transit cost.
C)travel vector.
D)via points.
Q2) The base network data used for geocoding is referred to as A)reference database.
B)street view.
C)linear match.
D)standardization.
Q3) Describe a real-world application of using geocoding in a business or service.
Q4) Destinations to visit on a network are referred to as A)junctions. B)edges.
C)batches. D)stops.
Q5) What are two ways of finding a shortest path between stops in a GIS?
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Q6) Describe two reasons why an address may be geocoded in an incorrect location.
Chapter 9: Remotely Sensed Images From Above
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Sample Questions
Q1) What type of aerial photo is taken when the camera is placed at an angle?
A)Photogrammetric photo
B)Rectified photo
C)Oblique photo
D)Nadir photo
Q2) In 1906,aerial photography of "San Francisco in ruins" was taken by
A)a series of balloons.
B)a series of kites.
C)a fleet of gliders.
D)the U-2 spy plane.
Q3) A digital orthophoto quad (DOQ)
A)covers 3.75 minutes of latitude by 3.75 minutes of longitude of distance.
B)covers the size of one-quarter of the distance shown on a DOQQ.
C)covers 15 minutes of latitude by 15 minutes of longitude of distance.
D)covers the size of four times the distance shown on a DOQQ.
Q4) Explain how the height of a flagpole (falling on level terrain)can be calculated by measuring the length of its shadow in an aerial photo.
Q5) What is the difference between an orthophoto and a regular aerial photo?
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Chapter 10: How Remote Sensing Works
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Sample Questions
Q1) A remote sensing device simultaneously measuring seven bands of energy wavelengths would be capable of producing which type of imagery?
A)Panchromatic
B)Multispectral
C)Hyperspectral
D)Ultraspectral
Q2) Our eyes are sensitive to viewing which wavelengths of light?
A)0.3\(\mu\)m-0.9\(\mu\)m
B)0.4\(\mu\)m-0.7\(\mu\)m
C)0.1\(\mu\)m-1.0\(\mu\)m
D)0.7\(\mu\)m-0.9\(\mu\)m
Q3) Which of the following forms of electromagnetic energy has the shortest frequency?
A)Gamma rays
B)X-rays
C)Infrared light
D)Radio waves
Q4) Describe the relationship between frequency and wavelength (of radiated waves of electromagnetic energy),and explain why they have this relationship.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Images From Space
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Sample Questions
Q1) An 11-bit sensor can measure how many levels?
A)11
B)121
C)256
D)2048
Q2) Off-nadir viewing allows a sensor
A)to obtain imagery with a half-meter or finer resolution.
B)to sense beyond the usual 8-bit range of values.
C)to image locations not directly under the sensor.
D)to image more than 100 bands simultaneously.
Q3) A sensor that will be measuring only one wide band of wavelengths is which type of sensor?
A)Panchromatic sensor
B)Multispectral sensor
C)Hyperspectral sensor
D)Radiometric sensor
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Chapter 12: Studying the Environment From Space
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Sample Questions
Q1) The instrument that provides heat measurements of the Earth from the surface to the top of the atmosphere is A)ASTER.
B)MISR.
C)MODIS.
D)CERES.
Q2) Terra flies as part of the A)Morning Constellation.
B)Afternoon Constellation.
C)MODIS Constellation.
D)EOS Constellation.
Q3) HSB was used for measuring A)sea-ice levels.
B)sea-surface temperature.
C)humidity levels.
D)ocean-surface color and properties.
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Chapter 13: Digital Landscaping
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Sample Questions
Q1) Small-scale maps would use
A)a wider contour interval than a large scale map.
B)a narrower contour interval than a large scale map.
C)the same contour interval as a large scale map.
D)no contour intervals due to the small scale of the map.
Q2) LIDAR uses which of the following to create a digital terrain model?
A)Satellite imagery
B)Radar waves
C)GPS
D)Laser beams
Q3) Imaginary lines on a map that represent areas of constant elevation are A)bands.
B)contours.
C)digital line graphs.
D)collars.
Q4) A commonly used vertical datum is
A)the core of the Earth.
B)the north pole.
C)high tide.
D)mean sea level.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: See the World in 3D
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11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Extruding a polygon will turn it into a A)block.
B)line.
C)multipatch.
D)wall.
Q2) Graphics that can be applied to the faces of an object to provide a more realistic appearance are A)smartshapes.
B)omni-objects.
C)textures. D)links.
Q3) Describe the steps involved with designing a 3D structure in Google SketchUp and then placing it into its correct location in Google Earth.
Q4) A 3D-style choropleth map is a A)prism map. B)smartmap.
C)raised poly map. D)omni-theme map.
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Chapter 15: Whats Next for Geospatial Technology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Viewing an image that is offset in both the color red and the color blue that enables a "3D" style effect is an example of A)Anaglyph.
B)GeoWall.
C)Stereovision.
D)SOS.
Q2) A national organization dedicated to geographic education is A)OGC.
B)ASPRS.
C)AAG.
D)NCGE.
Q3) Earth Observation Day showcases A)remote sensing.
B)global positioning systems.
C)global positioning system.
D)online mapping.
Q4) Describe the basics of how a GeoWall system enables the user to see images in stereoscopic 3D.
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