Exercise Science Test
Preparation
Course Introduction
Exercise Science is an interdisciplinary field that explores the scientific principles underlying human movement, physical activity, and health. This course examines the physiological, biomechanical, and psychological factors that influence exercise performance and overall wellness. Students will gain an understanding of how the body responds and adapts to acute and chronic physical activity, the role of exercise in the prevention and management of chronic diseases, and the importance of evidence-based approaches in designing fitness programs. The course also introduces practical applications in fitness assessment, exercise prescription, and the promotion of lifelong physical activity.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Anatomy Physiology 7th Edition by Frederic
H. Martini
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20 Chapters
2274 Verified Questions
2274 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
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90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which organ system is labeled #1?
A) nervous system
B) reproductive system
C) integumentary system
D) lymphatic system
E) muscular system
Answer: C
Q2) The mediastinum separates ________ from the ________.
A) the pleural cavity; coelom
B) the thoracic cavity; peritoneal cavity
C) one pleural cavity; other pleural cavity
D) the abdominal cavity; pelvic cavity
E) the pericardial sac; pericardial cavity
Answer: C
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3
Chapter 2: The Chemical Level of Organization
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these is a molecule but is not considered to be a compound?
A) H O
B) CO
C) C H O
D) H
E) CO
Answer: D
Q2) A buffer
A) removes or replaces hydrogen ions in a solution.
B) is a compound with an extra electron in its outer shell.
C) has an unstable nucleus, making it highly reactive.
D) donates hydrogen ions to a solution.
E) consists of long carbon-carbon chains.
Answer: A
Q3) How does the RNA molecule differ from a DNA molecule?
Answer: RNA is usually single stranded and DNA is double stranded.RNA contains ribose sugars and DNA contains deoxyribose sugars.DNA contains the nitrogenous bases A,G,C,and T,while RNA contains A,G,C,and U.
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4
Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function
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126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Membrane renewal vesicles are formed by
A) the endoplasmic reticulum.
B) the Golgi apparatus.
C) lysosomes.
D) mitochondria.
E) nucleoli.
Answer: C
Q2) A mechanism in which two substances move in opposite directions across the cell membrane is called
A) facilitated diffusion.
B) vesicular transport.
C) endocytosis.
D) countertransport.
E) osmosis.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization
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88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Flattened cells on the surface of an epithelial tissue are characteristic of ________ epithelia.
A) squamous
B) ciliated
C) columnar
D) transitional
E) cuboidal
Q2) Which statement is true about nervous tissue?
A) Neuroglial cells are the cells that conduct electrical impulses.
B) Neurons only communicate with other neurons.
C) Neurons are very short cells.
D) Cells of the nervous tissue repair themselves at a very fast rate.
E) Not all nervous tissue is located within the brain and spinal cord.
Q3) Connective tissue structures that attach muscles to bone are called
A) mast cells.
B) tendons.
C) ligaments.
D) cartilage.
E) nerves.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: The Integumentary System
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The layer marked A is the
A) stratum basale.
B) stratum corneum.
C) stratum lucidum.
D) stratum spinosum.
E) stratus germinativum.
Q2) The most severe type of skin cancer is most likely to develop from
A) nonpigmented epithelial cells.
B) melanocytes.
C) pigmented basal cells.
D) nonpigmented dermal cells.
E) keratinocytes.
Q3) The hypodermis
A) provides mechanical strength to the skin.
B) is quite elastic.
C) has no blood vessels.
D) is composed of strata with various functions.
E) contains a variety of sensory receptors.
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7
Chapter 6: The Skeletal System
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218 Verified Questions
218 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Structure D is the
A) synovial membrane.
B) joint capsule.
C) hyaline cartilage.
D) compact bone.
E) periosteum.
Q2) Billy is injured during a high school football game.His chest is badly bruised,and he is experiencing difficulty breathing.What might be the problem?
Q3) The vertebral column contains ________ lumbar vertebrae.
A) 4
B) 5
C) 7
D) 12
E) 31
Q4) The sole of the foot is supported by the
A) metacarpal bones.
B) metatarsal bones.
C) carpal bones.
D) tarsal bones.
E) calcaneus and talus.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: The Muscular System
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tropomyosin strands are held in position by which of the following?
A) actin molecules
B) myosin molecules
C) troponin molecules
D) ATP molecules
E) calcium ions
Q2) A resting muscle generates most of its ATP by
A) conversion of creatine phosphate.
B) anaerobic respiration.
C) aerobic respiration.
D) glycolysis.
E) heat loss.
Q3) Smooth muscle
A) does not use calcium.
B) is not resistant to fatigue.
C) contracts faster than skeletal muscle.
D) does not undergo tetanus.
E) uses primarily aerobic metabolism.
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Chapter 8: The Nervous System
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The thalamus is the largest portion of which major brain region?
A) mesencephalon
B) pons
C) midbrain
D) diencephalon
E) cerebellum
Q2) The midbrain has a slender CSF-filled canal known as the
A) cerebral aqueduct.
B) lateral ventricle.
C) medulla oblongata.
D) fourth ventricle.
E) third ventricle.
Q3) Postganglionic fibers of autonomic neurons are usually
A) connected to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, glands, and adipocytes.
B) short in length.
C) originating as nerves from the brain.
D) located in the brain.
E) located in the spinal cord.
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Chapter 9: The General and Special Senses
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is first struck by photons?
A) membrane disc of photoreceptor cell
B) inner segment of photoreceptor cell
C) pigment epithelium
D) outer segment of photoreceptor cell
E) bipolar cell
Q2) What is located within the chamber marked J?
A) saline
B) aqueous humor
C) plasma
D) vitreous humor
E) lymph
Q3) The structure that separates the cochlear duct from the scala tympani is the A) tectorial membrane.
B) basilar membrane.
C) vestibular duct.
D) organ of Corti.
E) malleus.
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11
Chapter 10: The Endocrine System
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100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Regarding pancreatic hormones,
A) parasympathetic stimulation inhibits insulin release, and sympathetic stimulation enhances it.
B) both parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation inhibit insulin release.
C) both parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation enhance insulin release.
D) sympathetic stimulation inhibits glucagon release.
E) parasympathetic stimulation enhances insulin release, and sympathetic stimulation inhibits it.
Q2) When you visit your 85-year-old grandmother,you always wonder why she keeps the temperature of her apartment so high.You sweat the entire time you are there while she wears a sweater.In addition,you notice that she seems to have no energy and never wants to go out with you.You know that it is not because she is not getting enough food because she seems to be gaining weight.What is the likely endocrinological problem that she has? Explain why each symptom is occurring,relative to the hormone that is related to the disorder.
Q3) Explain the interactions of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin.
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Chapter 11: The Cardiovascular System: Blood
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84 Verified Questions
84 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Neutrophils
A) are agranulocytes.
B) are not phagocytic.
C) have multiple nuclei.
D) are active in fighting bacterial infection.
E) are responsible for specific defenses.
Q2) The function of hemoglobin is to
A) bind and transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.
B) protect the body against pathogens.
C) aid in the process of blood clotting.
D) carry nutrients from the intestine to the body's cells.
E) absorb and neutralize the acids generated by active tissues.
Q3) As blood flows through peripheral tissues,what occurs regarding the hemoglobin molecules of RBCs?
A) Hemoglobin binds oxygen and releases its bound carbon dioxide.
B) Hemoglobin releases carbon dioxide and oxygen.
C) Hemoglobin binds oxygen and carbon dioxide.
D) Hemoglobin binds carbon dioxide and releases its bound oxygen.
E) Hemoglobin gains an increase in its oxygen-carrying capacity.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: The Cardiovascular System: The Heart
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The T wave of an ECG corresponds to A) atrial depolarization.
B) atrial diastole.
C) ventricular systole.
D) ventricular repolarization.
E) atrial repolarization.
Q2) Label L represents the A) aortic arch.
B) pulmonary trunk.
C) descending aorta.
D) superior vena cava.
E) inferior vena cava.
Q3) Which structural feature of the heart is a deep groove,usually filled with substantial amounts of fat,marking the border between the atria and the ventricles?
A) posterior interventricular sulcus
B) coronary sulcus
C) anterior interventricular sulcus
D) coronary sinus
E) interventricular septum
Q4) Explain the significance of the thickness of the left ventricular wall.
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Chapter 13: The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does label H represent?
A) alveolus
B) alveolar capillary
C) alveolar vein
D) alveolar artery
E) alveolar venule
Q2) Considering the factors affecting blood flow,choose the correct relationship.
A) Under normal circumstances, blood flow equals cardiac output.
B) When pressure rises, blood flow decreases.
C) When resistance increases, blood flow increases.
D) Resistance and blood flow are directly related.
E) Vessel length and blood flow are directly related.
Q3) Which vessel type typically has an internal diameter of about 30 m and has a tunica media comprised of 1-2 layers of smooth muscle cells?
A) capillaries
B) muscular arteries
C) arterioles
D) venules
E) elastic arteries
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Chapter 14: The Lymphatic System and Immunity
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105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Immunity that results from antibodies ingested from breast milk is which type of immunity?
A) naturally acquired active immunity
B) naturally acquired passive immunity
C) artificially induced active immunity
D) artificially induced passive immunity
E) innate (nonspecific) immunity
Q2) Which of the following illustrates how the lymphatic system integrates with the endocrine system?
A) secretion of thymosins from the thymus gland
B) effects of pyrogens on the hypothalamus
C) secretion of histamine and heparin from mast cells
D) formation of pus during inflammation
E) presence of IgA in glandular secretions
Q3) What does label H represent?
A) complement binding site
B) antigen binding site
C) antigenic determinant sites
D) macrophage binding site
E) antibodies
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Chapter 15: The Respiratory System
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101 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Levels of which of the following are responsible for regulating respiratory activities under normal conditions?
A) oxygen
B) carbon dioxide
C) bicarbonate ion
D) sodium ion
E) hemoglobin
Q2) Which of the following has the lowest partial pressure in inhaled dry air?
A) oxygen
B) nitrogen
C) water vapor
D) carbon dioxide
E) mercury
Q3) Label F represents which structure(s)?
A) larynx
B) trachea
C) pharynx
D) bronchus
E) bronchioles
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Page 17
Chapter 16: The Digestive System
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129 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following produces secretions with mostly buffers and mucus,but few enzymes?
A) parotid and submandibular salivary glands
B) parotid salivary glands only
C) sublingual and parotid salivary glands
D) submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
E) pancreas and parotid salivary glands
Q2) Chewing is called A) segmentation.
B) pendulum movements.
C) peristalsis.
D) ingestion.
E) mastication.
Q3) An expanded pouch in the region of the ileum at the ileocecal valve is the A) appendix.
B) sigmoid colon.
C) rectum.
D) haustra.
E) cecum.
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Metabolism and Energetics
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Sample Questions
Q1) A Calorie unit used in food is equal to the amount of energy necessary to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water ________ degree(s)Celsius.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 10
D) 100
E) 1,000
Q2) The sum of all of the chemical reactions occurring within the human body is called
A) glycolysis.
B) oxidation.
C) catabolism.
D) anabolism.
E) metabolism.
Q3) The vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme FAD is A) thiamine (B ).
B) riboflavin (B ).
C) niacin (nicotinic acid).
D) folate (B ).
E) cobalamin (B ).
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Page 19
Chapter 18: The Urinary System
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Sample Questions
Q1) In response to respiratory alkalosis,
A) the respiratory rate increases.
B) the chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies are further stimulated.
C) the kidneys conserve bicarbonate.
D) the kidneys secrete more hydrogen ions.
E) the respiratory rate decreases.
Q2) A 72-year-old male patient complains of having difficulty while urinating.A very likely explanation may be that
A) he has a decreased number of nephrons.
B) he is experiencing decreased sensitivity to ADH and aldosterone.
C) he is experiencing a reduction in the glomerular filtration rate.
D) his prostate is enlarged and compresses the urethra.
E) he may suffer from metabolic acidosis.
Q3) Label Q represents which of the following structures?
A) nephron loop
B) renal corpuscle
C) proximal convoluted tubule
D) distal convoluted tubule
E) collecting duct
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Page 20
Chapter 19: The Reproductive System
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Sample Questions
Q1) As tertiary follicles develop,FSH levels decline due to the negative feedback effects of which hormone?
A) LH
B) progesterone
C) GnRH
D) inhibin
E) estrogen
Q2) Spermatogenesis begins
A) at puberty.
B) during embryogenesis.
C) at birth.
D) at age 3.
E) at age 7.
Q3) The ejaculatory duct in males is produced by the junction of the ductus deferens with the
A) seminiferous tubules.
B) prostate gland duct.
C) epididymis.
D) acrosomal cap.
E) seminal gland duct.
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Chapter 20: Development and Inheritance
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Sample Questions
Q1) The period of gestation when the basic components of each of the major organ systems appear is the ________ trimester(s).
A) first
B) second
C) third
D) first and second
E) second and third
Q2) Match the gestational age with the corresponding prenatal development.
A) 1 month / mammary glands develop
B) 2 months / movement of fetus can be felt by mother
C) 3 months / formation of the gonads, ducts, and genitalia
D) 4 months / eye and ear formation
E) 5 months / migration of lymphocytes to lymphoid organs
Q3) Label E represents which of the following structures?
A) blastocyst
B) inner cell mass
C) trophoblast
D) syncytial trophoblast
E) cellular trophoblast
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Page 22