Course Introduction
Exercise Science Exam
Solutions
Exercise Science is an interdisciplinary field that explores the scientific principles underlying human movement, physical activity, and exercise. This course examines the physiological, biomechanical, and psychological responses and adaptations to exercise in both health and disease contexts. Students will learn about the anatomy and function of major body systems involved in movement, methods for assessing physical fitness, exercise prescription for various populations, and the role of exercise in preventing and managing chronic diseases. The course also introduces foundational research methods and the applications of exercise science in clinical, athletic, and community settings.
Recommended Textbook
Anatomy Physiology The Unity of Form and Function 7th Edition by Saladin
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not an aspect that could result in physiological variation?
A)Age
B)Gender
C)Environment
D)Physical activity
E)These are all aspects that can cause physiological variation.
Answer: E
Q2) The plural of axilla (armpit)is ____________,whereas the plural of appendix is
A)axillae; appendices
B)axillides; appendages
C)axillies; appendi
D)axilli; appendices
Answer: A
Q3) Homeostasis and occupying space are both unique characteristics of living things.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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3
Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these is hydrophobic?
A)Glucose
B)K<sup>+</sup>
C)Cl<sup>-</sup>
D)Water
E)Fat
Answer: E
Q2) The bonding properties of an atom are determined by its __________.
A)electrons
B)protons
C)positrons
D)neutrons
E)photons
Answer: A
Q3) Unsaturated fatty acids have as much hydrogen as they can carry.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Cellular Form and Function
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Sample Questions
Q1) Channel protein gates respond to all these stimuli except __________.
A)chemical messengers
B)ligands
C)changes in electrical potential (voltage) across the plasma membrane
D)physical deformation of the plasma membrane
E)water in the extracellular fluid
Answer: E
Q2) A patient was severely dehydrated,losing a large amount of fluid.The patient was given intravenous fluids of normal saline.Normal saline is ________ to your blood cells and is about __________ NaCl.
A)isotonic; 9%
B)isotonic; 0.9%
C)hypertonic; 9%
D)hypotonic; 0.9%
E)hypotonic; 9%
Answer: B
Q3) The Golgi complex makes peroxisomes,but not lysosomes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Genetics of Cellular Function
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Sample Questions
Q1) DNA is a polymer of __________,which consist of a sugar,a phosphate group,and a __________.
A)amino acids; nucleotide
B)nucleic acids; nucleotide
C)nucleotides; nitrogenous base
D)nucleotides; nucleic acid
E)proteins; nucleotide
Q2) All proteins made by the ribosomes are exported from a cell for use elsewhere in the body.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Anticodons,codons,and base triplets correspond to __________ respectively.
A)tRNA, DNA, and mRNA
B)DNA, tRNA, and mRNA
C)tRNA, mRNA, and DNA
D)DNA, RNA, and pre-mRNA
E)RNA, DNA, and pre-mRNA
Q4) Many genes occur in alternative forms called alleles.
A)True
B)False
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Histology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Excitable cells respond to outside stimuli by means of changes in plasma membrane shape.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The shape of a person's external ear is due to the presence of __________.
A)dense regular connective tissue
B)dense irregular connective tissue
C)elastic cartilage
D)fibrocartilage
E)ligaments
Q3) __________ epithelium is the most widespread epithelium in the body,whereas __________ epithelium is rare.
A)Simple columnar; stratified columnar
B)Stratified squamous; stratified columnar
C)Pseudostratified; stratified squamous
D)Simple cuboidal; stratified squamous
E)Stratified squamous; simple squamous
Q4) Nonkeratinized cells exfoliate from the surface of the skin.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: The Integumentary System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Variations in hair color arise from differing amounts of __________.
A)collagen and elastic filaments
B)keratin and melanin
C)carotene and hemoglobin
D)carotene and collagen
E)eumelanin and pheomelanin
Q2) Pattern baldness is relatively rare in women because women have lower testosterone levels than men.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A pilus is a __________.
A)hair
B)hair follicle
C)tiny muscle that moves a hair
D)sensory nerve fiber around the base of a hair
E)gland associated with a hair follicle
Q4) Living keratinocytes exfoliate from the epidermis as tiny specks called dander.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Bone Tissue
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bone-forming cells are called __________.
A)osteogenic (osteoprogenitor) cells
B)osteoblasts
C)osteoclasts
D)osteocytes
E)osteons
Q2) Bone protrudes through the skin in a fracture called __________.
A)complete
B)incomplete
C)closed
D)open
E)displaced
Q3) A fracture in which the bone is broken into three or more pieces is called a __________ fracture.
A)linear
B)pott
C)comminuted
D)greenstick
E)compound
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Page 9
Chapter 8: The Skeletal System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which intervertebral disc is largest?
A)The one between C2 and C3
B)The one between C7 and T1
C)The one between T4 and T5
D)The one between T12 and L1
E)The one between L4 and L5
Q2) Which of the following articualtes with the vertebral column?
A)Mandibular fossa
B)Mastoid process
C)Occipital condyle
D)Foramen magnum
E)Zygomatic arch
Q3) Men have one rib fewer than women.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Medial and lateral condyles of the femur are involved in the hip joint.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Joints
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _________ deepens the socket of the hip joint and helps stabilize the joint.
A)fovea capitis
B)greater trochanter
C)lesser trochanter
D)acetabular labrum
E)ischial tuberosity
Q2) With the elbow and wrist extended,painting a circle on a canvas requires __________ of the shoulder.
A)rotation
B)circumduction
C)extension
D)flexion
E)elevation
Q3) Synovial fluid is rich in albumin and hyaluronic acid,which give it a viscous texture similar to egg white.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Bony joints are the most common type of joints.
A)True
B)False
Page 11
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Chapter 10: The Muscular System
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Sample Questions
Q1) A butcher who cuts the distal portion of his fingers may cut the __________ tendon.
A)flexor pollicis longus
B)flexor carpi ulnaris
C)palmaris longus
D)adductor pollicis
E)flexor digitorum profundus
Q2) Which term below best describes the deltoid?
A)Fusiform
B)Intrinsic
C)Involuntary
D)Extrinsic
E)Parallel
Q3) In lifting a heavy weight from the floor,one should use the power of the __________ in order to avoid straining the lower back.
A)biceps brachii and brachialis
B)gastrocnemius and soleus
C)external and internal abdominal obliques
D)knee and hip extensors
E)trapezius and latissimus dorsi
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Chapter 11: Muscular Tissue
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Sample Questions
Q1) Where would you expect to find numerous gap junctions in muscular tissue?
A)The sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle
B)The A bands of skeletal and cardiac muscle
C)The sarcolemma of skeletal muscle
D)The intercalated discs of cardiac muscle
E)Multiunit smooth muscle
Q2) Aerobic respiration produces approximately _________ more ATPs per glucose molecule than glycolysis does.
A)12
B)24
C)36
D)48
E)100
Q3) An isometric contraction does not change muscle length.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A dark band formed by parallel thick filaments that partly overlap the thin filaments is known as an H band.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Nervous Tissue
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some antidepressant drugs act by inhibiting monoamine oxidase (MAO).What is the function of this enzyme?
A)It binds to chloride gates.
B)It breaks down monoamines.
C)It blocks sodium channels.
D)It converts ATP to cyclic AMP.
E)It degrades acetylcholine.
Q2) In the brain,neurons are more abundant than neuroglia.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of these is an example of an EPSP in a typical neuron?
A)A voltage change from 0 mV to +0.35 mV
B)A voltage change from -70 mV to -69.5 mV
C)A voltage change from -69.5 mV to -70 mV
D)A voltage change from +35 mV to 0 mV
E)A voltage change from -70 mV to -70.5 mV
Q4) Most neurons have multiple dendrites.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Somatic
Reflexes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following sensory functions involves neurons in the posterior root ganglion?
A)Smell
B)Hearing
C)Touch
D)Taste
E)Vision
Q2) Neurosomas of the anterior root are located in the __________.
A)gray matter
B)posterior root ganglion
C)white matter
D)anterior rootlets
E)anterior root ganglion
Q3) Which of the following is not a distal branch of the spinal nerve?
A)Anterior ramus
B)Posterior ramus
C)Posterior root
D)Meningeal branch
E)Communicating rami
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Chapter 14: The Brain and Cranial Nerves
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following cranial nerves is mispaired?
A)Abducens - V
B)Oculomotor - III
C)Facial - VII
D)Accessory - XI
Q2) Which of the following is correct regarding the occipital lobe?
A)It is chiefly concerned with mood, memory, and emotions.
B)It is the principal visual center of the brain.
C)It is the primary site for receiving and interpreting signals from the general senses.
D)It is concerned with voluntary motor functions.
E)It is likely to play a role in understanding spoken language.
Q3) Where are the cardiac,vasomotor,and respiratory centers found?
A)Medulla oblongata
B)Pons
C)Midbrain
D)Spinal cord
E)Diencephalon
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Chapter 15: The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral
Reflexes
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Sample Questions
Q1) The binding of __________ to a nicotinic receptor of a muscle fiber will __________ it.
A)acetylcholine; excite
B)norepinephrine; excite
C)monoamine oxidase; inhibit
D)acetylcholine; inhibit
E)acetylcholinesterase; excite
Q2) Which of the following statements is true regarding parasympathetic tone?
A)It holds the resting heart rate below its intrinsic rate.
B)It accelerates the resting heart rate above its intrinsic rate.
C)It might increase or decrease heart rate depending on the situation.
D)It affects heart rate only after myocardial infarction.
E)It does not affect heart rate.
Q3) Which of the following is not a characteristic of the parasympathetic division of the ANS?
A)Its effects are local.
B)The terminal ganglia are very close to or within their target organs.
C)It originates in the craniosacral regions of the CNS.
D)It has short preganglionic fibers.
E)It has short postganglionic fibers.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Sense Organs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Olfaction results from the stimulation of chemoreceptors.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the crista ampullaris associated with?
A)Static equilibrium when standing still
B)Static acceleration in linear acceleration
C)Dynamic equilibrium in angular acceleration
D)Hearing high-pitch sounds
E)Vision related to color
Q3) You can smell the fragrance of your deodorant when you just put it on,but after a little while the smell fades.What explains this phenomenon?
A)The sensory projection of the sense of smell
B)The projection pathway of the sense of smell
C)The tonic nature of the sense of smell
D)The phasic nature of the sense of smell
E)The fast adaptation of the primary olfactory cortex to the smell of your deodorant
Q4) The middle ear consists of a fluid-filled chamber.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: The Endocrine System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the correct abbreviation for the hormone that stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete ACTH?
A)CRH
B)GHRH
C)GHIH
D)APRH
E)TRH
Q2) __________ secretion is controlled by neuroendocrine reflexes,whereas __________ secretion is controlled by negative feedback mechanisms.
A)Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH); luteinizing hormone (LH)
B)Oxytocin (OT); antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C)Antidiuretic hormone (ADH); oxytocin (OT)
D)Antidiuretic hormone (ADH); thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
E)Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); luteinizing hormone (LH)
Q3) Which of the following effects on a gland can be caused by a tumor?
A)Hypersecretion only
B)Hyposecretion only
C)Hyposecretion and hypersecretion
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19
Chapter 18: The Circulatory System: Blood
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person with type A blood can safely donate RBCs to someone of type __________ and can receive RBCs from someone of type __________.
A)O; AB
B)AB; O
C)A; B
D)B; A
E)O; O
Q2) Serum is essentially identical to plasma except for the absence of __________.
A)fibrinogen
B)nitrogenous wastes
C)platelets
D)glucose
E)albumin
Q3) Blood clots in the limbs put a patient most at risk for __________.
A)hemophilia
B)pulmonary embolism
C)thrombocytopenia
D)disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
E)septicemia
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Page 20
Chapter 19: The Circulatory System: Heart
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Sample Questions
Q1) The pulmonary circuit is supplied by both the right and the left sides of the heart.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The systemic circuit contains oxygen-rich blood only.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Most of the ventricle filling occurs __________.
A)during atrial systole
B)when the AV valve is closed
C)during ventricular systole
D)during atrial diastole
E)during isovolumetric contraction
Q4) Any abnormal cardiac rhythm is called a(n)__________.
A)ectopic focus
B)sinus rhythm
C)nodal rhythm
D)heart block
E)arrhythmia
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Chapter 20: The Circulatory System: Blood Vessels and Circulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best describes the cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis)?
A)An anastomosis surrounding the pituitary gland
B)A portal system connecting the hypothalamus with the anterior pituitary
C)A short anastomosis found in the cerebellum
D)Formed by the superior and inferior sagittal sinuses
E)An anastomosis circling the entire cortex
Q2) Arteries are sometimes called the __________ vessels of the cardiovascular system because they have strong-resilient tissue structure.
A)resistance
B)capacitance
C)hydrodynamic
D)compliance
E)fenestrated
Q3) Decompensated shock is normally corrected by the body's homeostatic mechanisms.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Blood flow is pulsatile in arteries and veins,but it is steady in capillaries.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 21: The Lymphatic and Immune Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some antibodies against foreign antigens can react to similar self-antigens,causing an autoimmune disease.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The first of a series of neutrophil behaviors in inflammation is __________.
A)chemotaxis
B)margination
C)diapedesis
D)phagocytosis
E)opsonization
Q3) A pyrogen is a substance that causes __________.
A)inflammation
B)opsonization
C)complement fixation
D)cytolysis
E)fever
Q4) Interleukins are chemical signals by which immune cells communicate with each other.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 22: The Respiratory System
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the air we breathe,which gas is found in the highest concentration?
A)Oxygen
B)Water vapor
C)Nitrogen
D)Carbon dioxide
E)Hydrogen
Q2) Respiratory arrest is an irreversible condition.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which bronchus is about 5cm long and slightly narrower and more horizontal than the one on the opposite side?
A)Left segmental bronchus
B)Right segmental bronchus
C)Right lobar bronchus
D)Left main bronchus
E)Right main bronchus
Q4) Erythrocytes do not carry out aerobic respiration; thus,they do not consume any of the oxygen they are transporting.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 23: The Urinary System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?
A)The kidneys are retroperitoneal.
B)The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
C)The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.
D)The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.
E)The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.
Q2) A renal pyramid voids urine into the __________.
A)minor calyx
B)major calyx
C)renal medulla
D)renal papilla
E)ureter
Q3) In the nephron,the fluid that immediately precedes urine is known as __________.
A)plasma
B)glomerular filtrate
C)tubular fluid
D)renal filtrate
E)medullary filtrate
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Chapter 24: Water,Electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance
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Q1) Long-term inhibition of thirst is mostly associated with which of the following?
A)Cooling of the mouth
B)Distention of the stomach by ingested water
C)A drop in blood osmolarity
D)Moistening of the mouth
E)Increased salivation
Q2) What is the greatest determinant of the intracellular water volume?
A)K<sup>+</sup>
B)Na<sup>+</sup>
C)Ca<sup>2+</sup>
D)Cl<sup>-</sup>
E)PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>
Q3) Aldosterone promotes potassium excretion.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Blood plasma osmolarity is higher than intracellular fluid osmolarity.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 25: The Digestive System
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Sample Questions
Q1) The large intestine is longer than the small intestine.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Pepsinogen is produced by __________ and is activated by __________,which is secreted by __________.
A)chief cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH); parietal cells
B)chief cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl); parietal cells
C)parietal cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl); chief cells
D)parietal cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH); chief cells
E)enteroendocrine cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH); parietal cells
Q3) Which of the following is the proper sequence by which proteins are digested by different enzymes?
A)Pepsin, trypsin, carboxypeptidase, dipeptidase
B)Pepsin, trypsin, dipeptidase, carboxypeptidase
C)Trypsin, pepsin, carboxypeptidase, dipeptidase
D)Trypsin, pepsin, dipeptidase, carboxypeptidase
E)Dipeptidase, carboxypeptidase, pepsin, trypsin
Q4) Gastric juice consists entirely of water and hydrochloric acid.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 26: Nutrition and Metabolism
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Q1) Which of the following represents the overall reaction for aerobic respiration?
A)C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub> + 6 H<sub>2</sub>O \(\rarr\) 6
CO<sub>2</sub> + 6 O<sub>2</sub>
B)C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub> + 6 O<sub>2</sub> \(\rarr\) 6
CO<sub>2</sub> + 6 H<sub>2</sub>O
C)C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub> + 6 CO<sub>2</sub> \(\rarr\) 6 O<sub>2</sub> + 6 H<sub>2</sub>O
D)6 CO<sub>2</sub> + 6 H<sub>2</sub>O
\(\rarr\)C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub> + 6 O<sub>2</sub>
E)6 O<sub>2</sub>+ 6 H<sub>2</sub>O \(\rarr\)
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub> + 6 CO<sub>2</sub>
Q2) Which of the following occurs during the postabsorptive state?
A)Blood glucose rises
B)Glycerol is used for gluconeogenesis
C)Lipids are stored in adipose tissue
D)Glucose is stored by glycogenesis
E)Protein synthesis is active
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Chapter 27: The Male Reproductive System
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Q1) By volume,most of the semen is produced in the __________.
A)testes
B)penis
C)prostate gland
D)seminal vesicles
E)bulbourethral glands
Q2) __________ have 46 chromosomes,whereas __________ have 23.
A)Spermatids; spermatozoa
B)Primary spermatocytes; spermatids
C)Secondary spermatocytes; primary spermatocytes
D)Spermatogonia; primary spermatocytes
E)Type A spermatogonia; type B spermatogonia
Q3) Which of the following is the most important role of meiosis in sexual reproduction?
A)It reduces the size of the gametes.
B)It produces at least one gamete that is mobile.
C)It prevents the chromosome number from doubling in each generation.
D)It ensures that each daughter cell doubles the number of chromosomes.
E)It changes the genetic composition of each chromosome.
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29
Chapter 28: The Female Reproductive System
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Q1) What is the cessation of menstruation referred to as?
A)Menarche
B)Menopause
C)Climacteric
D)Pubarche
Q2) What is an ovulated egg more technically referred to as?
A)A primary oocyte
B)A secondary oocyte
C)A primary follicle
D)A secondary follicle
E)A tertiary follicle
Q3) Pregnancy kits test for the presence of what hormone?
A)Progesterone
B)Human chorionic gonadotropin
C)Estrogen
D)Leutinizing hormone
E)Follicle-stimulating hormone
Q4) Unlike men,women lack a refractory period and may experience successive orgasms.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 29: Human Development and Aging
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Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/62415
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not considered an embryonic membrane?
A)Yolk sac
B)Placenta
C)Allantois
D)Chorion
E)Amnion
Q2) The fertilization membrane is the endometrial tissue that receives the conceptus.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Mesenchyme gives rise to __________.
A)nervous tissue
B)muscle, bone, and blood
C)digestive organs and endocrine glands
D)reproductive and urinary systems
E)the integumentary system and exocrine glands
Q4) The chorion forms the fetal part of the placenta.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 30: General Orientation to Human Anatomy
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/62444
Sample Questions
Q1) The __________ system regulates blood volume and pressure,stimulates red blood cell formation,and controls fluid,electrolyte,and acid-base balance.
A)urinary
B)respiratory
C)digestive
D)muscular
E)circulatory
Q2) The __________ system stores 99% of your calcium and is critical for blood cell formation.
A)circulatory
B)skeletal
C)excretory
D)muscular
E)endocrine
Q3) The spine encloses the __________.
A)thoracic cavity
B)abdominal cavity
C)pelvic cavity
D)vertebral canal
E)cranial cavity
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