Developmental Psychology Final Exam
Questions
Course Introduction
Developmental Psychology explores the patterns and processes of human growth and change across the lifespan, from conception through late adulthood. This course examines major theories of development, key milestones in cognitive, emotional, social, and physical domains, and the impact of genetic, environmental, and cultural factors on individual trajectories. Students will analyze developmental challenges, study various research methods used in the field, and gain insight into both normative and atypical development to better understand how humans adapt and evolve throughout their lives.
Recommended Textbook
The Development of Children and Adolescents 1st Edition by Penny Hauser Cram
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Chapter 1: Hauser-Cram
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Sample Questions
Q1) "Organization," in the context of cognitive development,refers to
A) the linking of one mental structure to another.
B) cleaning out one's childhood belongings and making room for adolescent collections.
C) a company that meets the needs of clients.
D) the agreement of one individual's concepts with those of another.
Answer: A
Q2) Schemas are
A) mental structures that represent things an individual has experienced.
B) abstract images of events yet to occur.
C) documented accounts of events that one has experienced.
D) none of these
Answer: A
Q3) What statistic describes the degree of association between two variables?
A) ecological correlation
B) linear association
C) Variable association
D) correlation coefficient
Answer: D
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3
Chapter 2: Biological Foundations of Child Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true about sex differences?
A) Miscarriage of girls is more common, and birth defects are more common in boys.
B) Rates of miscarriage and birth defects are higher for boy fetuses.
C) Rates of miscarriage and birth defects are higher for girl fetuses.
D) A total of 106 girls are born worldwide for every 100 boys.
Answer: B
Q2) DNA is
A) diethylnucleic acid.
B) deneural acid.
C) diribionucleic acid.
D) deoxyribonucleic acid.
Answer: D
Q3) Anna has Turner's syndrome.She has an)_____________chromosome.
A) extra X
B) missing X
C) missing Y
D) extra Y
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Prenatal Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a woman gets the German measles Rubella) during pregnancy,her baby may be deaf and have cataracts or be blind.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) One reason for the dramatic increase in multiple births is
A) the increase in STDs.
B) more women delaying childbirth until their 30s.
C) cost increase of IVF.
D) less risk than there used to be.
Answer: B
Q3) The period of the fetus is for growth and finishing as all the essential body parts are in place.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) One way an infant can get HIV is through breast-feeding.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Birth and the Newborn
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Sample Questions
Q1) Elective induction has _______ in the United States,as it allows for more control over the delivery date.
A) increased
B) decreased
C) demonstrated no growth
D) none of the above
Q2) Which of the following techniques are used in natural childbirth?
A) water birth
B) massage
C) acupuncture
D) all of these
Q3) A ________ is the delivery of the baby by surgically removing it from the uterus through an incision in the mother's abdomen.
A) natural delivery
B) Cesarean delivery
C) medical delivery
D) none of these
Q4) What are four conditions associated with premature birth?
Q5) Discuss John Kennell and Marshall Klaus's concept of "rooming in."
Q6) What are three common causes of premature birth? )
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Physical Development and Health in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jeremy began crawling at 5 months,but Sam still isn't crawling at 10 months.Is Sam normal?
A) No, he must be delayed.
B) Yes, his parents must not let him out of the crib much.
C) Yes, variations like this between children are perfectly normal.
D) No, he should have a physical examination.
Q2) Malnutrition is associated with A) poor brain development.
B) lack of motor skills.
C) slow cognitive development.
D) all of these.
Q3) Early intervention programs can be A) remedial.
B) preventive.
C) therapeutic.
D) remedial and preventive.
Q4) Motor milestone tables are often used to identify developmental delays.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the features of a good day-care center.
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Chapter 6: Cognitive Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Deaf babies who are taught sign language can "babble" with their hands.
A)True
B)False
Q2) During the first year of life the infant can learn any language,but after the first year the infant is primed to learn only the language to which he or she is exposed to daily.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which part of the brain involves attention,memory,language,and categorization?
A) temporal lobe
B) hippocampus
C) occipital lobe
D) prefrontal cortex
Q4) Discuss the three theories of language development.
Q5) Piaget believed the stages of cognitive development are
A) invariant.
B) variable.
C) dependent on experience.
D) based on genetics.
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Chapter 7: Psychosocial Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) The __________ theory says each emotion has distinctive features in all cultures.
A) primary emotion
B) discrete emotion
C) secondary emotion
D) fundamental emotion
Q2) Laurie hears her first loud thunderstorm.She looks anxiously to her Mom who calmly tells her not to worry,God is just rearranging the furniture.Laurie goes back to playing.What just happened?
A) mimicry
B) facial decoding
C) social competence
D) social referencing
Q3) The facial expressions of the primary emotions are the same worldwide.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Fathers who participate in caring for their children have better marriage relationships.
A)True
B)False
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Physical Development and Health in Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Obesity is
A) not a problem because children grow out of it.
B) a major health risk.
C) only a problem in the United States.
D) culturally defined.
Q2) The most common disease of childhood is
A) asthma.
B) dental caries.
C) ear infections.
D) measles.
Q3) Children are usually ready to begin toilet training between ______ and _______months.
A) 6 and 12
B) 12 and 17
C) 18 and 24
D) 25 and 30
Q4) Undernutrition adversely impacts a child reaching his or her full developmental potential.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) The marshmallow test was used to demonstrate A) delay of gratification.
B) childhood obesity.
C) egocentrism.
D) working memory.
Q2) Invented spelling
A) means the child will struggle with reading.
B) is a precursor to reading.
C) should not be tolerated.
D) means there is a learning disability.
Q3) Language delays often occur due to A) teratogens.
B) lack of nutrition .
C) truancy.
D) lack of parental employment .
Q4) Methods of using information processing theory in a preschool classroom include: A) limiting distractions
B) reducing the load on working memory
C) strengthening self-regulation
D) all of these
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Chapter 10: Psychosocial Development in Early Childhood
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Q1) 3-year-old Bobby puts his fingers in his ears when he hears loud sounds.He is demonstrating
A) scaffolding.
B) empathy.
C) emotional regulation.
D) a hearing problem.
Q2) The Cognitive Developmental Theory views gender development as
A) seeing patterns associated with gender and developing categories of appropriate behavior based on gender.
B) changing their thinking based on direct instruction.
C) changing as they grow.
D) improving with education.
Q3) Which part of the brain is most active in tasks involving self-representation?
A) left hemisphere
B) right hemisphere
C) cerebellum
D) frontal lobe
Q4) Self-representation is dependent on brain maturation:
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Physical Development and Health in Middle Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss at least three reasons childhood obesity is increasing in America.
Q2) _______ are less likely to eat vegetables than ________.
A) Boys; girls
B) Girls; boys
C) Hispanics; Caucasians
D) Caucasians; Latinos
Q3) One way for children to have better language skills,fewer eating disorders,and better sleep is ___________.
A) discipline
B) family meals
C) stopping at McDonald's after soccer
D) authoritarian parenting
Q4) "Stop Drop and Roll" is a slogan to teach children_____________.
A) how to bake bread
B) what to do if they catch on fire
C) an exercise program
D) calisthenics
Q5) Explain the differences in a 5-year-old and a 10-year-old's physical activities and include sports.
Q6) Explain the physiological and health concerns of obesity. Page 13
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Chapter 12: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) The meaning of phrases and sentences is known as
A) syntax.
B) pragmatics.
C) semantics.
D) language.
Q2) Identify the subtypes) of ADHD.
A) predominantly hyperactive-impulsive
B) predominantly inattentive
C) combined hyperactivity-impulsive and inattentive
D) All of these
Q3) ______ metacognition involves knowing how to apply available strategies.
A) Declarative
B) Procedural
C) Conditional
D) Unconditional Knowledge,
Q4) Brad's first-grade teacher notices that Brad is having
A) predominantly hyperactive-impulsive
B) predominantly inattentive
C) combined hyperactivity and inattentive
D) All of these
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Chapter 13: Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) A first-order false belief is
A) believing that only one thing is incorrect.
B) children making inferences about someone else's incorrect belief about a fact.
C) a belief about another person's belief.
D) an incorrect belief about someone else's' emotions.
Q2) A second order belief is
A) believing only one thing is incorrect.
B) children making inferences about someone else's incorrect belief about a fact.
C) a belief about another person's belief.
D) an incorrect belief about someone else's' emotions.
Q3) Sibling rivalry is a myth.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are a parent's three roles according to the tripartite model?
A) interactive partner, indirect instructor, opportunity provider
B) interactive partner, direct instructor, opportunity provider
C) healer, teacher, friend
D) nurturer, teacher, mentor
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Chapter 14: Physical Development and Health in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the benefits and problems inherent in women's sports; include " warrior girl ethos."
Q2) __________________% of children and adolescents have a chronic health condition that requires continued professional care.
A) 5 to 10
B) 15 to 25
C) 20 to 35
D) 25 to 40
Q3) Teenagers David and Benjamin are having a conflict.If they get flushed and their heart rates and blood pressure rise,then they are solving the problem by _________.
A) using their limbic systems
B) using thought-mediated behavior
C) using their frontal lobes
D) acting like younger children
Q4) When the hypothalamus begins to secrete GnRH,____________ has occurred.
A) gonadarche
B) adrenarche
C) puberty
D) menarche
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Chapter 15: Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) "Bottom-up" reasoning is also known as ____________.
A)inductive reasoning
B)conditional reasoning
C)logical necessity
D)hypothetical deductive reasoning
Q2) Zoe is 16 and is at a party serving alcohol.When her friends ask her to drink,she immediately thinks: "okay,no one here has a problem and they will think I'm cool." But then she thinks about driving home and what her parents will say,so she ends up declining.She has just ___________.
A)committed social suicide
B)used the dual-process model of decision making
C)used reactive reasoning
D)made her friends mad
Q3) According to Brofenbrenner,the relationships between the student and the teacher make up part of the student's ____________.
A)microsystem
B)mesosystem
C)exosystem
D)chronosystem
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Chapter 16: Psychosocial Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Conflict is normal in early romantic relationships.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ________ demonstrated moral reasoning at the postconventional level when calling on universal principles of justice in his/her campaign to change laws surrounding racial segregation.
A) Rosa Parks
B) Martin Luther King Jr.
C) Dwight D. Eisenhower
D) Philip Randolph
Q3) One's identity is comprised of A) race.
B) ethnicity.
C) sexual identity
D) All of these.
Q4) Generally,adolescents experience more conflict with their A) mother.
B) father.
C) siblings.
D) peers.
Page 19
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