Data Communications Practice Questions
Course Introduction
Data Communications explores the fundamental principles and technologies involved in the transmission of data between computers and networks. The course covers essential topics such as data transmission methods, signaling techniques, modulation, error detection and correction, data encoding, and communication protocols. Students will examine the physical and logical aspects of communication systems, including network topologies, media types, and the OSI and TCP/IP models. Practical aspects such as network devices, bandwidth considerations, and security issues in data communication are also discussed, providing a comprehensive foundation for understanding modern computer networks and their applications in real-world scenarios.
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Data and Computer Communications 10th Edition by William Stallings
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Chapter 1: Data Communications, data Networks,
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Q1) The basic building block of any communications facility is the transmission line.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) An ________ extends a company's intranet out onto the Internet to allow selected customers,suppliers,and mobile workers to access the company's private data and applications.
Answer: extranet
Q3) ________ is the process of squeezing the data down so that a lower capacity, cheaper transmission facility can be used to meet a given demand.
Answer: Compression
Q4) There is a potential for error in all communication systems,therefore,_________ and correction are required in circumstances where errors cannot be tolerated. Answer: error detection
Q5) Recent offerings of ________ multiplexing enable capacities of many terabits per second for long-distance telecommunication and data network links.
Answer: dense wavelength division
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Chapter 2: Protocol Architecture, tcpip, and
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Q1) For most applications running as part of the TCP/IP protocol architecture,the transport layer protocol is TCP.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The services between adjacent layers in a protocol architecture are expressed in terms of ________ and parameters.
Answer: primitives
Q3) ________ is when the sending TCP includes a code that is a function of the contents of the remainder of the segment.The receiving TCP performs the same calculation and compares the result with the incoming code.A discrepancy results if there has been some error in transmission.
Answer: Checksum
Q4) An example of ________ traffic is real time traffic such as voice and video.
A)delay variation
B)elastic
C)multimedia information
D)inelastic
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Data Transmission
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Q1) Delay distortion occurs because the velocity of propagation of a signal through a guided medium varies with frequency.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) An analog signal can be transmitted only a limited distance before attenuation,noise,and other impairments endanger the integrity of the data.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) In a ________ guided configuration more than two devices share the same medium.
Answer: multipoint
Q4) A technique known as ________ is used to provide a flicker free image without increasing the bandwidth requirement.
Answer: interlacing
Q5) Analog signals suffer more from attenuation than do digital signals. A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Transmission Media
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Q1) Unshielded twisted pair provides better performance at higher data rates.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The characteristics and quality of a data transmission are determined both by the characteristics of the medium and the characteristics of the signal.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A communication ________ is a microwave relay station used to link two or more ground based microwave transmitter/receivers known as earth stations.
A)transmitter
B)transponder
C)dish
D)satellite
Q4) A form of attenuation known as ________ is when a transmitted signal attenuates over distance because the signal is being spread over a larger and larger area.
Q5) Guided media employ an antenna for transmitting through air, vacuum,or water.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Signal Encoding Techniques
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Q1) The process of converting analog data into digital data is known as ________.
Q2) Modulation does not permit frequency division multiplexing.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A ________ converts digital data to analog signal so that it can be transmitted over an analog line.
A)modem
B)satellite
C)router
D)receiver
Q4) The ________ rate,expressed in baud,is the rate at which the signal level is changed.
Q5) Using two different voltage levels for the two binary digits is a difficult way to transmit digital signals.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The modulation rate of a signal is the rate,in bits per second,that data are transmitted.
A)True
B)False
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Error Detection and Correction
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Q1) In a(n)________ there is a cluster of bits in which a number of errors occur,although not necessarily all of the bits in the cluster suffer an error.
A)error burst
B)single-bit error
C)idle state
D)error detection
Q2) A ________ error can occur in the presence of white noise when a slight random deterioration of the signal to noise ratio is sufficient to confuse the receiver's decision of a single bit.
A)burst
B)idle
C)single-bit
D)digital
Q3) Correction of errors using an error detecting code requires that block of data to be
A)skipped over
B)deleted
C)retransmitted
D)streamed
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Chapter 7: Data Link Control Protocols
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Q1) RR and RNR are examples of an ________.
A)error repair request
B)acknowledgment frame
C)open acknowledgment frame
D)interior window
Q2) The sending station must not send frames at a rate faster than the receiving stations can absorb them.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The receiver must be able to distinguish control information from the data being transmitted.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In the HDLC frame structure the FCS and flag fields following the data field are referred to as a ________.
A)header
B)trailer
C)bit stuffing
D)information frames
Q5) The most important data link control protocol is ________.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Multiplexing
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Q1) The disadvantage of using echo cancellation is the need for ________ logic on both ends of the line.
Q2) With ________,the outgoing data rate of the multiplexer,excluding framing bits,is higher than the sum of the minimum instantaneous incoming rates.The extra capacity is used by stuffing extra dummy bits into each incoming signal until its rate is raised to that of a locally generated clock signal.
Q3) Two problems that an FDM system must cope with are crosstalk and ________ noise.
A)blanketed
B)amplified
C)intermodulation
D)channeled
Q4) The multiplexer combines data from the input lines and transmits over a lower capacity data link.
A)True
B)False
Q5) When the useful bandwidth of the transmission medium exceeds the required bandwidth of signals to be transmitted,________ multiplexing is possible.
Q6) A generic term for sharing the capacity of a data link is ________.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Wan Technology and Protocols
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Q1) With ________ virtual circuits a route is defined between two endpoints and all packets for that virtual circuit follow the same route.
Q2) Analog data must be converted to digital before transmission for packet switching.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ________ switching is used in public telephone networks.
Q4) Circuit switching remains one of the few effective technologies for long distance communications.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The ________ level deals with the physical interface between an attached station and the link that attaches that station to the packet switching node.
Q6) A ________ switch is one in which the signal paths are physically separate from one another.Each connection requires the establishment of a physical path through the switch that is dedicated solely to the transfer of signals between the two endpoints.
Q7) Three types of delays are: propagation delay,transmission time and ________ delay.
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Chapter 10: Cellular Wireless Networks
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Q1) Scattering effects are difficult to predict.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A wireless cellular system limits the opportunity to use the same frequency for different communications because the signals can interfere with one another even if geographically separated.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A cellular network uses multiple low power ________.
A)frequencies
B)receivers
C)antennas
D)transmitters
Q4) One unwanted effect of multipath propagation is that multiple copies of a signal may arrive at different phases.
A)True
B)False
Q5) First generation cellular networks made use of ________ multiplexing.
Q6) The key technology for 4G systems is ________.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Local Area Network Overview
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Q1) A transmission of a frame by any one station in a bus or tree topology can be heard by other stations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) One simple approach to improving efficiency is to physically partition the LAN into separate broadcast domains.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In the ________ topology the transmission medium is a branching cable with no closed loops.
A)bus
B)linear
C)ring
D)tree
Q4) A ________ LAN includes a central node to which stations are attached.
A)bus
B)star
C)tree
D)ring
Q5) The tree layout begins at a point known as the ________.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Ethernet
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Q1) For 1 Gbps and 10 Gbps operations the CSMA/CD MAC protocol is used.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A problem with ________ is that capacity is wasted because the medium will generally remain idle following the end of a transmission,even if there are one or more stations waiting to transmit.
A)p-persistent CSMA
B)nonpersistent CSMA
C)1-persistent CSMA
D)slotted ALOHA
Q3) An algorithm is needed with CSMA to specify what a station should do if the medium is found busy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The CSMA/CD algorithm used in the IEEE 802.3 standard is ________.
A)ALOHA
B)nonpersistent
C)1-persistent
D)p-persistent
Q5) For the lower data rates the ________ MAC protocol is used.
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Chapter 13: Wireless Lans
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Q1) A wireless LAN is defined as one that makes use of a wireless transmission medium.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In the United States,________ microwave bands have been set aside for unlicensed spread spectrum use.
A)2
B)3
C)6
D)4
Q3) IEEE ________ embodies changes in three general areas: use of MIMO, enhancements in radio transmission,and MAC enhancements.
Q4) The three MAC frame types are control frames,data frames,and ________ frames.
Q5) IEEE 802.11 defines three services that provide a wireless LAN with secure access and privacy services: authentication,privacy,and ________.
A)deauthentication
B)protected access
C)AP association
D)private access
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Chapter 14: The Internet Protocol
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Q1) In 1994 the Internet Architecture Board issued a report titled "Security in the Internet Architecture" that stated that the general consensus was that the Internet was secure and there were no areas of security concern.
A)True
B)False
Q2) IP does not guarantee that all data will be delivered or that the data that are delivered will arrive in the proper order.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In the IPv4 Header ________ specifies how long,in seconds,a datagram is allowed to remain in the internet.
Q4) The ________ primitive is used to request transmission of a data unit.
A)Send
B)Source Routing
C)Transmit
D)Request
Q5) Priority could be assigned on a message basis or on a connection basis.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Transport Protocols
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Q1) In addition to TCP,the ________ is the other transport-level protocol that is commonly used as part of the TCP/IP protocol suite.
Q2) In a protocol architecture,the transport protocol sits above application and other upper-layer protocols,and just below the network or internetwork layer.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A ________ service provides for the establishment,maintenance,and termination of a logical connection between TS users.To date this is the most common type of protocol service available and has a wide variety of applications.
Q4) ________ measures the time the transport machine will continue to await an acknowledgment of a transmitted segment after the segment has been retransmitted the maximum number of times.When the timer expires,the transport entity assumes that the other transport entity or intervening network has failed,closes the connection,and signals an abnormal close to the TS user.
Q5) An internetwork using IP is an example of a reliable network service.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The two facilities that TCP provides for labeling data are push and ________.
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Chapter 16: Advanced Data Communications Topics
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Q1) The ratio of data bits to total bits,k/n,is called the _________ .
A)code rate
B)parity-check matrix
C)systematic code
D)redundancy
Q2) The principal techniques for modulation using analog data are amplitude modulation,frequency modulation,and phase modulation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ___________ rule demonstrates that both FM and PM require greater bandwidth than AM.
A)Reed's
B)Carson's
C)Chaudhuri's
D)Solomon's
Q4) __________ has been defined as the process of combining an input signal m(t)and a carrier at frequency fc to produce a signal s(t)whose bandwidth is (usually)centered on fc.
Q5) Frequency modulation and phase modulation are special cases of _________ modulation.
18
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Chapter 17: Wireless Transmission Techniques
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Q1) There are two applications of MU-MIMO: Uplink--Multiple Access Channel,MAC and
Q2) The ________ reverses the FFT operation.
Q3) _________ antenna architecture has become a key technology in evolving high-speed wireless networks,including IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi LANs and WiMAX.
Q4) Subchannels are further grouped into ________,which can be allocated to wireless users.
A)links
B)chips
C)signals
D)bursts
Q5) OFDMA subcarriers are divided into groups and each group is named a ______ . A)chip
B)hop
C)subchannel
D)SCG
Q6) The first type of spread spectrum developed is known as _________ .
Q7) For the IEEE 802.11a LAN standard,the OFDM scheme consists of a set of ______ subcarriers with a base frequency of 0.3125 MHz.
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Chapter 19: Routing
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Q1) The disadvantage of fixed routing is ________.
A)its lack of flexibility
B)its simplicity
C)it does not work with virtual circuits
D)it does not work with datagrams
Q2) ________ is determined by whether the routing decision is made on a packet or virtual circuit basis.
A)Place
B)Update timing
C)Decision time
D)VCC
Q3) For ________,a single,permanent route is configured for each source-destination pair of nodes in the network.The routes only change when there is a change in the topology of the network.
Q4) The simplest criterion in the selection of a route is to choose the _______.
A)network resources
B)maximum hop route
C)minimum hop route
D)maximum nodes available
Q5) A generalization of the minimum-hop criterion is ________ routing.
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Chapter 20: Congestion Control
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Q1) __________ proposed two procedures,called fast retransmit and fast recovery,that under some circumstances improve on the performance provided by RTO.
Q2) ________ algorithm addresses RTT variance estimation.
Q3) Defined in RFC 4340,__________ is an unreliable connection-oriented protocol that can include mechanisms for detecting congestion by determining round-trip time and packet drop rates.
A)TCP
B)RTT
C)DCCP
D)RTO
Q4) A ________ fills at a constant rate up to the capacity of the bucket and empties at a rate dictated by the input data stream while the bucket is not empty.
A)leaky bucket
B)choke packet
C)slow start
D)token bucket
Q5) The TCP congestion control measure techniques fall into two categories: retransmission timer management and ________ management.
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Chapter 21: Internetwork Operation
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Q1) The OpenFlow protocol supports ____________ messages.
A)controller-to-switch
B)asynchronous
C)symmetric
D)all of the above
Q2) Spamming of multicast groups is difficult.
A)True
B)False
Q3) One way to assure that the packet is received by all members of the group is to ________ a copy of each packet to each network in the configuration,over the least-cost route for each network.
Q4) IGMP takes advantage of the broadcast nature of a LAN to provide an efficient technique for the exchange of information among multiple hosts and routers.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A mobile node is assigned to a particular network,known as its ______ .
Q6) ________ is a consortium of software providers,content delivery networks,and networking equipment vendors whose purpose is to promote software-defined networking.
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Chapter 22: Internetwork Quality of Service
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Q1) The ________ is designed to provide a simple,easy to implement,low overhead tool to support a range of network services that are differentiated on the basis of performance.
Q2) The ________ determines the order in which queued packets are transmitted and the selection of packets for discard if necessary.
Q3) Interactive applications such as remote logon and Web access are not sensitive to delay.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ISA makes use of the following functions to manage congestion and provide QoS transport: admission control,queuing discipline,discard policy and ________.
Q5) A codepoint is simply a set of state information at a router that expires unless regularly refreshed from the entity that requested the codepoint.
A)True B)False
Q6) The guaranteed service is the most demanding service provided by ISA.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 23: Multiprotocol Label Switching
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Q1) When computing paths for LSPs,________ considers the topology of the network, the attributes of the individual links between LSRs,and the attributes of existing LSPs.
Q2) Traffic designated as VPN traffic can only go from a VPN source to a destination in the same VPN.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _______ are constructed based on link level addresses.
A)CEs
B)L2VPNs
C)L3VPNs
D)CR-LDPs
Q4) The ability to define routes dynamically,plan resource commitments on the basis of known demand,and optimize network utilization is referred to as ________.
Q5) The essence of MPLS functionality is that traffic is grouped into ________.
A)FECs
B)ECN
C)LIBs
D)LSPs
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Chapter 24: Electronic Mail, dns, and Http
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Q1) The author MUA processes receive mail for storage and/or display to the recipient user.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The ________ relays mail for one application-level hop.
A)MTA
B)MS
C)POP
D)MSA
Q3) An MUA can employ a long-term message store.
A)True
B)False
Q4) IMAP always keeps messages on the server and replicates copies to the clients.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Each name server is configured with a subset of the domain name space,known as a ________ ,which is a collection of one or more subdomains within a domain,along with the associated RRs.
Q6) Defined in RFC 821,______ is the standard protocol for transferring mail between hosts in the TCP/IP suite.
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Chapter 25: Internet Multimedia Support
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Q1) A ________ is a network element that receives requests in order to service them and sends back responses to those requests.
Q2) A user agent server issues SIP requests.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _______ works by encoding voice information into a digital format,which can be carried across IP networks in discrete packets.
Q4) In ________ real-time applications,a deterministic upper bound on jitter and high reliability takes precedence over network utilization considerations.
Q5) Hard real-time applications impose fewer requirements on the network,and it is therefore permissible to focus on maximizing network utilization.
A)True
B)False
Q6) SIP is based on an HTTP-like request/response transaction model.
A)True
B)False
Q7) RTCP receivers provide reception quality feedback using a Sender Report or a ________ Report.
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