Counseling Practicum Final
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Course Introduction
Counseling Practicum is a supervised, experiential course designed to bridge theoretical knowledge and clinical practice for students training to become professional counselors. Throughout the practicum, students apply foundational counseling skills such as active listening, empathy, and ethical decision-making in real-world settings, often working directly with clients under the guidance of experienced supervisors. The course emphasizes the development of personal counseling style, self-awareness, case conceptualization, and effective intervention strategies, while fostering professional identity and competence through feedback, reflection, and documentation. Students also explore multicultural and ethical issues in counseling, preparing them to address diverse client needs in various clinical environments.
Recommended Textbook
Theory and Treatment Planning in Counseling and Psychotherapy 2nd Edition by Diane
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Page 2
R. Gehart
Chapter 1: Counseling Theory, Competency, Research, and
You: Connecting the Dots
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ethical counseling concerns all of the following EXCEPT:
A) adaptation of the counseling approach to respect client diversity.
B) open discussion about how confidential information will be handled when working with couples and families.
C) counselor awareness that personal concerns may be affecting the ability to work with a client.
D) understanding the right of parents to any and all information pertaining to their children.
Answer: D
Q2) EST's meet all of the following criteria EXCEPT:
A) use of no-treatment control, alternative treatment, and placebo treatment groups.
B) a specific population with a specific identified problem.
C) use of reliable and valid outcome measures.
D) treatment based on theoretical orientation vs. use of a written treatment manual. Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Treatment Planning
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Q1) Unlike symptom based plans,clinical treatment plans are based solidly in theory and include client perspective,which includes ____________________________.
A) client long-term plans
B) client reflection on the past and the relationship to the problem
C) agreement to, and concern about, the plan
D) the problem in emotional rather than operational terms
Answer: C
Q2) Unlike symptom based goals which do not describe what the counselor will do,working phase clinical goals address the theoretical conceptualization that will directly guide _______________________.
A) the therapist's theoretical perspective
B) client actions
C) symptom reduction
D) the treatment plan
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) An analyst views symptoms presented by the client as expressions of_________________.
A) intrapsychic conflict
B) psychotic conflict
C) interpersonal gains
D) natural consequences
Answer: A
Q2) Countertransference takes place when a counselor _________________________________.
A) keeps their emotional reactions toward the client out of counseling
B) projects back onto a client in a way that affects therapeutic neutrality
C) has insight into their unconscious reactions to their clients
D) shares an undesirable feeling about a client with the client
Answer: B
Q3) Freud focused his work in which area of the consciousness?
A) unconscious
B) conscious
C) preconscious
D) postconscious
Answer: A
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Jungian Analytic Psychology
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Q1) One example of an initial phase counseling task in Jungian analysis might be to ________________________________________.
A) develop a working relationship by creating hierarchy in the relationship
B) develop a working relationship by creating a collaborative educator relationship
C) monitor the working alliance
D) educate client on the use of dreams and symbols
Q2) Jungian analysis is one of the more influential approaches in Japan,in part because the concept of the ______________________,which acknowledges the role of the community in Japanese culture.
A) persona
B) Self
C) collective unconscious
D) archetype
Q3) All of the following are stages in Jungian analytic psychology EXCEPT
A) confession.
B) identification.
C) education.
D) transformation.
Q4) Describe the role of the counselor in Jungian analytical psychology?
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Chapter 5: Adlerian Individual Counseling
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Q1) Which three general categories do Adlerian's use for psychodynamic formulation during assessment?
A) interpsychic, intrapsychic; extropsychic
B) social factors; social motivation; social status
C) neurotic symptoms; psychotic symptoms; personality disorders
D) ego identity; the Self; persona
Q2) The goal: develop more realistic expectations of performance at work is an example of ______________________.
A) an initial phase goal
B) a working phase goal
C) a closing phase goal
D) a non-Adlerian goal
Q3) What is Adler's theory regarding social interest?
Q4) A sense of individual inferiority impairs a person's social interest and can take all of the following forms,EXCEPT:
A) biological inferiority.
B) personal inferiority.
C) societal inferiority.
D) cosmic inferiority.
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Chapter 6: Person-Centered Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Q1) In person-centered counseling the focus of the approach is on ______________.
A) what happens
B) diagnosis
C) how things happen
D) symptoms
Q2) Person-centered counselors view ____________ as the primary vehicle for change.
A) external forces
B) the counselor's interventions
C) the counselor's interpretations
D) the counseling relationship
Q3) How does culture affect how one expresses empathy?
Q4) Person-centered counseling was developed by
A) Rogers
B) Whitaker
C) Gestalt
D) Satir
Q5) What is self-actualization?
Q6) List and describe 3 interventions utilized in person-centered counseling. Page 8
Q7) What role does empathy play in humanistic counseling?
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Chapter 7: Existential Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Q1) An I-Thou relational encounter is best represented by which of the following examples?
A) diagnosing a client
B) a profound moment of witnessing
C) planning a wedding
D) ordering dinner at a restaurant
Q2) Most existentialists believe that life is inherently __________.Existential counselors work with clients to help clients find life __________.
A) fulfilling/fulfillment
B) predetermined/determination
C) purposeful/purpose
D) meaningless/meaning
Q3) How do existential counselors view the goals of therapy?
Q4) What are three interventions that existential counselors utilize in session? Describe each.
Q5) Describe the I-Thou relationship.
Q6) Describe the concept of death anxiety from an existential counseling perspective.
Q7) What do existential counselors believe about the purpose of life?
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Chapter 8: Gestalt Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Similar to other phenomenological approaches,Gestalt counselors should carefully consider values and assumptions about emotional expression and __________ when working with clients from various populations.
A) assertiveness
B) codependence
C) communication
D) individuality
Q2) What are the strengths and weaknesses of Gestalt counseling in working with diverse populations?
Q3) In what way do Gestalt counselors differ from other counselors?
A) They avoid empathy as they believe it hinders therapeutic progress.
B) They do not condone self-disclosure.
C) They are willing to be imperfect role models and do not hide behind a professional veneer.
D) They believe that it is important to strive for a problem-free lifestyle.
Q4) When a person has integrated polarities,they have ____________________________.
A) accepted more aspects of the self
B) made peace with who and what one is
C) a responsive relationship with the environment
D) trust in the self and life itself
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Chapter 9: Foundational Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches
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Q1) __________________ is the hallmark intervention of cognitive-behavioral counseling and aims to teach clients psychological principles and how to use them to handle problems.
A) Empathy
B) Socratic method or guided discovery
C) Psychoeducation
D) Self-talk
Q2) Like Beck,Ellis assessed for faulty cognitions,called __________________ which were typically flagged by words such as "would","should","ought","must".
A) repression
B) irrational beliefs
C) neurosis
D) splitting
Q3) A cognitive-behavioral therapist uses functional analysis to assess what the client is doing and thinking before,during,and after the symptom in order identify cause and effect patterns.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How does a person's thoughts shape emotional and behavioral responses?
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Chapter 10: Evidence-Based Cognitive-Behavioral
Approaches: Dialectic Behavior Therapy and
Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
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Q1) The dialectical world view is made up of three primary characteristics: interrelatedness or wholeness,polarity,and ____________________.
A) transformation
B) continuous change
C) enlightenment
D) integrations
Q2) Monique is growing quite emotional in session as she relays the details her fears of a new relationship to her counselor.The counselor responds,"Given your history of abuse,it makes sense that you would be afraid to try a relationship again." This is an example of which intervention?
A) acknowledgment
B) denial
C) closing
D) validating
Q3) The DBT relationship in counseling is characterized by ____________________.
A) three sets of dialectic tensions
B) personality traits that get magnified or minimized
C) a loose set of rules applied by the counselor in an unplanned way
D) a rigid set of goals
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Chapter 11: Systemic Family Counseling and Therapy
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Q1) Which of the following is an important part of the process of systemic counseling?
A) Helping clients to understand the mistaken beliefs to them improve their social relatedness.
B) Analyzing and intervening upon observable measurable behaviors.
C) Transforming behavioral practices to use compassionate acceptance of thoughts and feelings to paradoxically promote change.
D) Interrupting and redirecting the interactional sequence.
Q2) Jamie,a systemic counselor,is working with Don,who reports having repeated arguments several time a week with his girlfriend because he gets upset when she is running late.Which of the following is an example of a suggestion Jamie might make to interrupt and alter this pattern?
A) Don should avoid saying anything to his girlfriend.
B) Don should first give her a sincere compliment before making a comment about her running late.
C) Don should tell his girlfriend about he feels unloved when she runs late.
D) Don should firmly tell her that if she is late again, he will break up with her.
Q3) How does homeostasis play a role in the family structure and system?
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Chapter 12: Solution-Based Approaches
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Q1) All of the following are reasons coping questions are used EXCEPT:
A) to generate hope.
B) to increase motivation.
C) to increase insight.
D) to promote agency.
Q2) What is the role of the counselor in solution-focused counseling?
Q3) Which of the following is an example of a pre-suppositional question?
A) What are you going to do to resolve this issue?
B) How do you contribute to the problem?
C) What will your life look like when you change problem?
D) What will you be doing differently once we resolve these issues?
Q4) Asking a client to define their goals and rate their progress towards goals can be accomplished using ___________________________.
A) the miracle question
B) coping questions
C) pre-suppositional questions
D) scaling questions
Q5) Describe the miracle question and how it might be useful in a session with a client.
Q6) How is the Beginner's Mind used in solution-focused counseling?
Page 15
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Chapter 13: Narrative and Collaborative Approaches
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Q1) What is the philosophic stance of a collaborative counselor and how does it affect the therapeutic relationship?
Q2) Narrative counseling is based on the premise that we "story" and ____________________________ using available dominant discourses-broad societal stories,socio-cultural practices,assumptions,expectations about how we should live.
A) celebrate
B) make excuses
C) create meaning of life events
D) engage in fantasy
Q3) Goals in narrative counseling focus on clients enacting preferred narratives which involves increasing clients' sense of ______________,the sense that they influence in the direction of their lives.
A) happiness
B) independence
C) agency
D) responsibility
Q4) In what ways is collaborative counseling ideal for working with diverse populations?
Q5) What is externalizing and how is it used in narrative counseling?
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Chapter 14: Feminist and Multicultural Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Q1) How do political issues play a role in a person's internal reality according to feminist counseling?
Q2) An appropriate goal for the initial phase of therapy with Jayla might include which of the following?
A) Increase empowerment and feelings of "mattering" to reduce feelings of depression.
B) Increasing awareness of politics-as personal to reduce specific symptoms.
C) Increasing advocacy and social justice efforts to reduce sense of disempowerment.
D) Assertiveness training to learn how to balance asserting her needs while respecting those of her boyfriend.
Q3) The principle of authenticity as it relates to counselor-client relationships in feminist counseling is best explained as the counselor
A) using unfiltered self-disclosure
B) expressing responsiveness keeping the wellbeing of client's in mind
C) putting counselor reactiveness before the client's needs
D) not taking responsibility for relational disconnection
Q4) Define and describe the egalitarian relationship.
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Chapter 15: Introduction to Theoretical Integration
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Q1) _____________ is a process of borrowing from more than one theory.
A) eclecticism
B) joining
C) integration
D) combining.
Q2) The combining of two or more theories into a coherent approach is called _______________________.
A) eclecticism
B) joining
C) integration
D) combining
Q3) The author identifies four philosophical schools.What are they?
A) Purism, phenomenological, systemic, postmodern
B) Psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, systemic, narrative
C) Modernism, phenomenological, systemic, postmodern
D) Theoretical, philosophical, behavioral, emotional
Q4) Explain first-order and second-order cybernetics.
Q5) Discuss briefly each of the following: constructivism,social-constructivism,structuralism/postconstructuralism.
Page 18
Q6) Discuss the difference between a theory and a philosophy.
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Chapter 16: Integrative Case Conceptualization
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Q1) When a counselor is developing an understanding of the client's presenting concern,the description of the presenting concern should include all of the following EXCEPT:
A) the reason(s) each client states he/she is seeking counseling or has been referred.
B) one definition or description of the problem.
C) any information from the referring agent (teacher, doctor, psychiatrist, etc.) and his/her description of the problem.
D) descriptions of the attempted solutions and the outcome of these attempts.
Q2) In humanistic approaches to counseling,such as person-centered and Gestalt,assessment focuses on the person's ability to experience and express their
A) appreciation for others
B) internal experience
C) authentic self
D) boundaries
Q3) List and describe three elements of a case conceptualization.
Q4) How does obtaining background information further the therapeutic work?
Q5) How does a counselor utilize client strengths in the formation of a case conceptualization?
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