Clinical Methods in Physical Therapy
Question Bank
Course Introduction
Clinical Methods in Physical Therapy introduces students to the foundational skills required for effective patient assessment and treatment planning within the physical therapy profession. The course covers principles of patient examination, including history taking, observation, palpation, and measurement of movement, strength, and function. Emphasis is placed on developing manual skills, understanding evidence-based assessment tools, and documenting clinical findings accurately. Students also learn the basics of patient communication, safety protocols, and ethical considerations in clinical settings, preparing them for practical experiences and further professional development.
Recommended Textbook
Mobility in Context Principles of Patient Care Skills 1st Edition by Charity Johansson
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14 Chapters
276 Verified Questions
276 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Establishing the Therapeutic Alliance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Establishing good rapport enhances patients' perceptions of being valued and respected. List two benefits of patients' enhanced perceptions of value and respect. Answer: Patients who perceive that they are personally valued and respected have better clinical outcomes. Patients who feel valued and respected are much less likely to pursue legal actions against health-care workers.
Q2) You are covering for a colleague who is sick today and you have to see a patient of hers who, based on what your colleague has told you, is very difficult. You are anxious about seeing her because you are expecting the treatment interaction to be unpleasant. Which of the following techniques should you use to help avoid a "difficult" encounter with the patient?
A) Ask the nurse to go into the room first and see whether the patient is in a good mood.
B) Use active listening techniques to identify the patient's underlying needs.
C) Ask the physical therapy technician to do bed exercises with her today.
D) Have everything planned ahead of time so that she has no opportunity to complain.
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: The Mechanics of Movement
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Sample Questions
Q1) The primary reason we are interested in biomechanics as physical therapists is that
A) understanding biomechanics will ensure that we do not sustain common injuries affecting the lower back.
B) we need to be able to explain moment and lever arms to our patients.
C) we need to know how to move twice our own body weight safely.
D) we need to be able to apply biomechanical principles to assist patients safely and efficiently.
Answer: D
Q2) Shear
A)Pulling that tries to stretch or lengthen tissue
B)The amount of force across a given area
C)The force applied to a given area
D)Twisting force about a structure's axis
E)Two opposite direction forces, parallel to contacting surfaces
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: Special Environments
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Sample Questions
Q1) Patients have varied home environments that include a variety of meaningful emotional and cultural attachments. It is important as clinicians to avoid ________________a person's choice of environment, whatever it might be.
Answer: judging
Q2) List three factors that could result in homelessness.
Answer: Unemployment, poverty, domestic violence, chronic and severe health conditions, substance abuse, war, forces of nature
Q3) Which of the following clinician behaviors is most likely to help a patient cope with the challenges of the ICU environment?
A) Performing therapy as passively as possible to avoid disturbing the patient
B) Keeping the lights on all the time to reduce the patient's fear
C) Placing familiar objects within the patient's line of sight
D) Rotating the therapists treating the patient to prevent patient boredom
Answer: C
Q4) List two things you should watch for when you are working with patients in special environments such as the ICU.
Answer: Skin color, alertness and responsiveness, nonverbal signs of pain or discomfort, physiological changes
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Keeping It Clean: Maintaining Cleanliness in the Clinical Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are treating a patient on the bone marrow transplant unit. Which of the following would you be most likely to encounter during the treatment of this patient?
A) The patient has two small plants in the room when you enter.
B) The patient is placed in a private room with negative air pressure.
C) When you arrive to see the patient, you find her in the dining room eating lunch.
D) When you arrive at the patient's room, you find her returning from the radiology department wearing a mask.
Q2) Which of the following criteria is used to determine the extent of protection against infection used during patient interactions?
A) The profession of the clinician working with the patient
B) The type of facility in which the patient is being treated
C) The concern expressed by the patient and/or family members
D) The level of physical interaction between patient and clinician
Q3) List two precautions that health-care facilities take to limit the spread of infection caused by visitors.
Q4) List three common patient responses to staying in isolation rooms while hospitalized.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Assessing Physiological Status: Vital Signs
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Sample Questions
Q1) When the ventricles of the heart contract, the contraction pushes blood into the aorta. This is called ____________________. When the ventricles relax, returning blood refills the heart chambers. This is called ____________________.
Q2) Which of the following assessment sites typically yields a temperature reading closest to a patient's core temperature?
A) Axilla
B) Ear
C) Mouth
D) Rectum
Q3) Which of the following actions is most likely to result in the inability to detect Korotkoff sounds accurately during blood pressure assessment?
A) The cuff is deflated fully prior to a second attempt.
B) The cuff is not inflated enough.
C) The cuff is over inflated.
D) The valve is opened too slowly.
Q4) List four factors that can affect blood pressure. ____________________
Q5) The openness of arterial vessels is called ____________________.
Q6) List four factors that can affect a person's heart rate. ____________________
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Chapter 6: Draping for Minimum Exposure and Maximum
Dignity
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Sample Questions
Q1) The prone position poses some specific challenges with regard to draping. List two things you can do to minimize patient discomfort in this position.
Q2) You are a new female therapist working in an outpatient clinic. Today you are evaluating a 59-year-old man who is a native of China. He has lived in the United States for the past 20 years. Which of the following would you be most likely to do when establishing rapport with this patient?
A) Greet the patient in your usual fashion and determine through your contact with him what his preferences are in your clinic
B) Make sure that you do not ask the patient to wear a gown during the evaluation, because he will probably be uncomfortable
C) Make sure that you do not greet him with an outstretched hand, because he is likely going to be uncomfortable with the contact
D) Pass the patient to a male colleague because you know that this patient will not want to be treated by a female
Q3) Explain the primary challenge of repositioning a patient during activities that entail draping.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Positioning Your Patient for Mobility
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Sample Questions
Q1) List three bony prominences that are especially susceptible to pressure in the supine position.
Q2) Which of the following is true regarding contractures?
A) Contractures generally do not affect the strength of the muscle.
B) Contractures may result in permanent loss of joint motion that does not respond to stretching.
C) Contractures generally tend to occur in positions of extension.
D) Contractures are limited to responses within muscle tissue.
Q3) Your patient is a 49-year-old man who sustained a spinal cord injury in a skiing accident. He is unable to move below the level of his umbilicus. You are positioning him in the bed following your treatment. Which of the following describes the most appropriate positioning for this patient?
A) On his back with a medium-sized pillow under his knees
B) On his back with a large pillow behind his shoulder blades
C) In a three-quarters supine position with pillows behind him and between his legs
D) On his stomach with a large pillow under his feet
Q4) List two questions you should ask yourself when considering the use of restraints with a patient: ____________________
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Transferring Dependent Patients
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Sample Questions
Q1) "Super obesity" is defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following lateral transfer devices is particularly well-suited for use with patients with integumentary problems?
A) Air-assisted devices
B) Patient rollers
C) Semirigid transfer boards
D) Slippery sheets
Q3) You are a therapist working in home health care. Your patient is a 23-year-old man who recently sustained a spinal cord injury resulting in complete paralysis below the level of his upper chest. His family is having significant difficulty transferring him between the bed and the chair. Which of the following should you primarily consider when making recommendations to his family about transfer methods?
A) The age of the persons assisting the patient with the transfer
B) The amount of help the patient requires for the transfer
C) The height of the surfaces involved in the transfers
D) The number of steps leading into the house
Q4) Describe the Trendelenburg position.
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Chapter 9: Maintaining Capacity for Mobility Through Range of Motion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Proper support of the joints is essential for safe and effective range of motion. Which of the following statements regarding support is true?
A) During passive range of motion exercise, the segment of the body distal to the joint undergoing range of motion therapy is stabilized.
B) Guarding the patient during range of motion exercises is determined by patient preference.
C) Support surfaces (such as mats, plinths, and chairs) can be used to provide stabilization.
D) Use of a lumbrical grip is typically the least comfortable grip for patients.
Q2) The development of hypertonia that results in atypical and dysfunctional movement is a contraindication to active range of motion.
A)True
B)False
Q3) To accurately assess capsular and ligamentous flexibility of two-joint muscles, it is necessary to lengthen the muscles simultaneously over both of the joints involved.
A)True
B)False
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Bed Mobility
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Sample Questions
Q1) The transition from sitting to supine is easiest when the patient is positioned on the bed in which position?
A) At the midpoint between the head and foot of the bed
B) Just below the midpoint between the head and foot of the bed
C) One third of the way down from the head of the bed
D) One third of the way up from the foot of the bed
Q2) When patients demonstrate generalized weakness, which of the following characteristics is commonly observed during their attempts at functional mobility?
A) They use extension to replace flexion.
B) They use flexion to replace extension.
C) They use rotational movements to replace extension.
D) They use rotational movements to replace flexion.
Q3) List the three movement restrictions for mobility skills after total hip arthroplasty (posterior approach).
Q4) What are at least three of the benefits of spending time in a seated position?
Q5) List four indications and two contraindications for the use of a tilt table.
Q6) List the rationales for instructing your patient with hemiplegia to move from supine to sitting on each side of the bed.
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Chapter 11: Horizontal Transfers
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Sample Questions
Q1) List two advantages of seated transfers over standing transfers.
Q2) Which of the following statements regarding seated transfer board use is true?
A) The transfer board is smooth and will not cause friction on the patient's skin.
B) The transfer board is used for dependent transfers only.
C) The transfer board is used primarily to slide the patient across to the support surface.
D) The transfer board can be used between surfaces of slightly different height.
Q3) When performing a transfer using a transfer board, where should you position the board?
A) Under the coccyx
B) Under the ischial tuberosity
C) Under the lower third of the thigh
D) Under the upper third of the thigh
Q4) What are the three ways to move a patient's hips forward in a chair in preparation for a transfer?
Q5) Physical assistance with seated lateral transfers is provided most effectively at the hips.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Vertical Transfers
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Sample Questions
Q1) When assisting your patient during a high transfer such as from chair to plinth, which of the following represent the best contact points for guarding the patient?
A) At the pelvic girdle and thighs
B) At the pelvic girdle and trunk
C) At the shoulder and pelvic girdles
D) At the shoulder and thighs
Q2) If a step stool is used for transfers between chair and plinth, then it must always be used for the descent from the plinth.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The turnaround into quadruped technique to move from a wheelchair to the floor requires that the patient rise from the seat and turn around before lowering the body to the floor.
A)True
B)False
Q4) There are multiple acceptable ways to accomplish a floor-to-chair transfer.
A)True
B)False
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14
Chapter 13: Seated Mobility: Sitting but Not Sitting
Still--Fitting and Propelling a Wheelchair
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the best way for a wheelchair user to negotiate very steep slopes?
A) Go up the slope using a zigzagging path.
B) Have someone pull the chair up the slope backward.
C) Tip the chair into a wheelie position and go up the slope backward.
D) Tip the chair into a wheelie position and go up the slope forward.
Q2) List at least four factors that must be considered in wheelchair selection.
Q3) Which of the following represents the best safety instruction for a patient who is learning to manage a sideways fall in a wheelchair?
A) Extend the arm toward the floor in the direction of the fall.
B) Flex the elbows to allow the arm muscles to absorb some of the impact.
C) Laterally flex the head away from the ground and tuck the arms close to the chest.
D) Tuck the chin toward the chest to protect the head.
Q4) The most common method of transporting a patient in a wheelchair up and down steps is to ascend the steps backward.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Why is a wheelchair considered a mobility orthosis?
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Chapter 14: Navigating the Challenges of Ambulating
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Sample Questions
Q1) You have just completed an evaluation of a patient in your outpatient clinic. This patient needs gait training after sustaining a stroke. Which of the following tasks would be considered "gait training" instead of "ambulating" with the patient?
A) Completing a 5-min walk with the patient
B) Facilitating advancement of the patient's hemiparetic leg during treadmill training
C) Guarding the patient during treadmill walking for endurance
D) Transporting portable oxygen for the patient during walking
Q2) Your patient is a 79-year-old woman who has just had right total hip arthroplasty because of degenerative joint changes. You are going to walk with her while she is using a walker. What is the best position for guarding this patient?
A) Standing directly behind her
B) Standing directly in front of the patient
C) Standing behind the patient and slightly to the left
D) Standing behind the patient and slightly to the right
Q3) To stabilize a patient who is in the process of a(n) ________________fall, the clinician attempts to bring the patient's CoM back over his or her BoS.
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Page 16