Child Development and Learning Review Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores the fundamental principles of child development and how they relate to learning processes from birth through adolescence. Students will examine major developmental theories, the impact of family, culture, and environment, and the stages of physical, cognitive, social, and emotional growth. Emphasis is placed on understanding individual differences, developmental milestones, and how educators and caregivers can create supportive learning environments. Through observation, analysis, and application, students will gain insights into how children think, learn, and interact, preparing them to effectively support childrens growth and educational experiences.
Recommended Textbook
Effective Practices in Early Childhood Education Building a Foundation 2nd Edition by Sue Bredekamp
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16 Chapters
318 Verified Questions
318 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Continuity and Change in Early Childhood Education
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was one of the most exciting achievements in developmental psychology in the past century?
A)Developmental Appropriate Practices
B)Brain Research
C)Accountability
D)Universal Prekindergarten Movement
Answer: B
Q2) Which definition best describes the term school readiness?
A)The ability of a child to be able to get ready in the morning independently
B)Children's competencies related to success needed in kindergarten
C)A school's ability to be able to educate young children
D)A kindergarten program designed for children from lower economic neighborhoods
Answer: B
Q3) What two dimensions are typically used to measure quality in early childhood programs?
A)Pre and Post Assessments
B)Process and Structure
C)ECERS and CLASS
D)Diversity and Linguistics
Answer: B
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Building on a Tradition of Excellence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who thought that Froebel's kindergarten curriculum was too structured;believed children needed open-ended materials for play,and developed the wooden unit block?
A)Patty Smith Hill
B)Marie Montessori
C)Lucy Sprague Mitchell
D)Caroline Pratt
Answer: D
Q2) In 1972,what required that programs help each child build cultural identity and that staff speak the primary language of the children and are knowledgeable about their culture?
A)The Elementary and Secondary Education Act
B)The Head Start Program Performance Standards
C)The Child Development Associate (CDA)Credential Bilingual Specialization
D)The Civil Rights movement of the 1960s
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: Understanding and Applying Developmentally Appropriate Practice
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Q1) Which of the following learning contexts do effective teachers use to enhance learning and development in young children?
A)Periods of play and engagement where children guide their own activity with the support of teachers.
B)Only large group activities are used for concept development so the teacher can control the behaviors and learning.
C)A set time designated in each learning center so children will rotate through all learning enters including those they would not typically choose.
D)Technology and media to teach new concepts.
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is a characteristic of a developmentally appropriate classroom?
A)Didactic Lessons
B)Whole-Group Instructions
C)Child-Initiated Activities
D)Rote Learning
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Applying What We Know About Childrens
Learning and Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the best definition of development?
A)Age-related change that results from an interaction between biological maturation and a physical and/or social experience.
B)A change in knowledge or skill that results only from new experiences or instruction
C)New skills that are useful to the child's everyday life.
D)An inborn ability to organize and make sense of new experiences.
Q2) Which one of Piaget's stages of cognitive development developes at approximately 7-11 years of age and is characterized by the ability to think,and solve problems more logically,through concrete expereinces although with the limited ability to think abstractly</para>?
A)Sensorimotor
B)Preoperational
C)Concrete Operational
D)Formal Operational
Q3) Explain the effects of culture on parenting styles.
Q4) Choose one of the key theorists from this chapter Erikson,Maslow,Piaget,or Vygotsky)and describe the key components of how they believe development occurs.
Q5) Explain why it is important to study child development.
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Chapter 5: Adapting for Individual Differences
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Q1) Which research-based practice has been found to be effective in helping dual language learners achieve at high levels in English?
A)Avoiding the use of the home language in the classroom
B)Providing the family with a list of vocabulary words to practice at home
C)Supporting the continued development in the home language including teaching in that language as much as possible.
D)Responding to the child only when the child speaks in English
Q2) Define one of Howard Gardener's intelligences in his theory of multiple intelligence and give examples of how a teacher may plan for a child who has a strength in this intelligence.
Q3) What kind of intelligence,according to Gardner,does a child have when the/she enjoys solving problems with numbers?
A)Logical
B)Linguist
C)Musical
D)Spatial
Q4) Name two recipients who benefit from the practice of inclusion and then describe how they benefit.
Q5) Describe the learning cycle of differentiating instruction.
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Chapter 6: Embracing a Culturally and Linguistically
Diverse World
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Sample Questions
Q1) Define culture and then describe how culture influences a child's development.
Q2) If a teacher were to plan his curriculum where the class would discuss the peoples dress,food,and holidays of another culture and then return to the "normal" curriculum,what type of approach to curriculum would he be said to be using?
A)December Holiday Trap
B)Dominant Culture Curriculum
C)Diversity Curriculum
D)Tourist Curriculum
Q3) What type of early childhood curriculum includes learning experiences and teaching strategies that are specifically designed to counter the stereotyping of diverse groups and to guard against expressions of bias?
A)Diversity Curriculum
B)Integrated Curriculum
C)Anti-bias Curriculum
D)Tourist Curriculum
Q4) Describe what it means to be bicultural and provide an example of how a teacher may promote this in the classroom.
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Chapter 7: Building Effective Partnerships With Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) Provide two effective strategies for maintaining two-way communication with families
Q2) Which of the following was NOT a reason the textbook gave as to why in recent years home visits have become less common?
A)Teacher Union contracts discourage them
B)Teachers do not feel safe
C)Home-Visits are time consuming
D)Home-Visits have not found to be effective
Q3) Describe three of the seven contrasting roles of teachers and parents have in the lives of children.
Q4) According to the Ecological model,who would be considered part of a child's microsystem?
A)The media
B)The grandparents
C)Government programs
D)Health systems
Q5) Summarize the principles of planning and conducting family conferences.
Q6) Describe how culture plays a role in the development of young children.
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Chapter 8: Creating a Caring Community of Learners: Guiding Young Children
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Sample Questions
Q1) Provide a strategy and an example for promoting emotional literacy.
Q2) What is the name of the teaching model that is used to support children's social and emotional development and focuses on relationships rather than "fixing" the child?
A)Time-Out
B)Teaching Pyramid
C)Functional Assessment
D)Individualized Education Plan
Q3) If a child hits another child because the other child took a toy away from him and the teacher recognizes that the hitting was because the child has limited language,then that teacher would probably use which term to describe the hitting behavior?
A)Functional Behavior
B)Mistaken Behavior
C)Inappropriate Behavior
D)Appropriate Behavior
Q4) The textbook outlined steps in applying the Teaching Pyramid to biting.Summarize these three different levels.
Q5) Give an example of how the ABC's in a Functional Assessment can be used to reduce a challenging behavior
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Chapter 9: Teaching to Enhance Learning and Development
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Q1) Which term refers to what a teacher says or does that engages children and contributes to their learning and development?
A)Research
B)Pedagogy
C)Climate
D)Strategies
Q2) When a teacher supports children in a task that they would not have been able to accomplish on their own,what teaching strategy is the teacher using?
A)Giving Direct or Explicit Instructions
B)Demonstrating
C)Modeling
D)Scaffolding
Q3) What kind of a question is "Why do you think the girl in the story cried"?
A)An Open-Ended Question
B)A Teacher-Initiated Question
C)A Closed-Ended Question
D)A Constructive Question
Q4) Define the K-W-L organizer and explain how it is used in early childhood programs.Provide one example.
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Chapter 10: Planning Effective Curriculum
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of standards are the expectations for student learning?
A)Learning Standards
B)Content Standards
C)Performance Standards
D)Licensing Standards
Q2) In which curriculum approach would the children engage in an investigation that was of interest to them?
A)Thematic Curriculum
B)Programming Curriculum
C)Emergent Literacy Curriculum
D)Project Approach Curriculum
Q3) Which one of the following is an advantage that the textbook gave for writing curriculum plans?
A)Plans are required by the educational or licensing agency and can be tailored to the rules
B)Plans can be evaluated
C)Plans would not need to be written each year
D)Written curriculum plans are better than published curriculum plans
Q4) Summarize how standards influence curriculum planning
Q5) Describe the phases involved in the project based curriculum approach.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Assessing Childrens Learning and Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain how teachers use assessment strategies to improve child outcomes.
Q2) The accountability movement has increased which type of testing?
A)Diagnostic Testing
B)IQ Testing
C)High-Stakes Testing
D)Formal Testing
Q3) Compare appropriate and inappropriate uses of standardized testing for young children.
Q4) What type of standardized test compares the student to a predetermined level of performance?
A)Performance Assessment
B)Norm-Referenced Test
C)Authentic Assessment
D)Criterion-Referenced Test
Q5) What type of evaluation would be used by licensing or an accreditation agency?
A)Functional Skills Evaluation
B)Center Assessment
C)Program Evaluation
D)Early Learning Standards Assessment
Q6) List the four basic purposes for assessment.
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Chapter 12: Teaching Children to Communicate: Language, Literacy and the Arts
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which would be beneficial for children during pretend play or dramatization activities?
A)Detailed Scripts where each child is assigned a role
B)Realistic Props such as dress-up clothes or actual props that can be used by the characters
C)A Stage so that others can watch
D)An Audience to appreciate the children's performance
Q2) Which method is the best way that children acquire language?
A)By watching educational programs on television or video
B)Through repeat exposure to individual words such as using picture flash cards
C)Through interactions with more competent speakers
D)By hearing others talk
Q3) What is the term for recognizing that spoken words are made up of individual sounds that can be manipulated?
A)Phonemic Awareness
B)Alliteration
C)Rhymes
D)Alphabet Knowledge
Q4) Describe the effective teaching strategies of an effective early literacy program.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Teaching Children to Investigate and Solve
Problems: Mathematics, Science, and Technology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which would be appropriate topics of study in preschool for the curriculum area of life science?
A)Children notice the movement of the sun and the moon
B)Children notice the change in the seasons
C)Children water plants and feed classroom pets
D)Children keep track of the weather
Q2) What cognitive ability is also called the brain's "air traffic control system?
A)Executive Function
B)Analytical Thinking
C)Adaptation
D)Deduction
Q3) Which statement best explains the purpose of science?
A)To explain where we came from
B)To be able to explain the basic ideas of the properties of objects
C)To realize that we need to study more about the different systems
D)To study the physical and natural world,especially by observing and experimenting
Q4) Explain what is meant by the "Language of Mathematics."
Q5) Describe how technology can be used appropriately in the early childhood classroom.
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Chapter 14: Teaching Children to Live in a Democratic
Society:socialemotional Learning and Social Studies
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Q1) What is the widening horizons approach to studying social studies?
A)Social studies curriculum concentrates on other curriculum areas
B)Social studies curriculum planning is based on other cultures
C)Social studies curriculum includes diversity
D)Social studies curriculum planning begins where children are and then expands outward
Q2) What was the goal of the Milestones Project?
A)To indicate what social studies skills can be taught in the early years
B)To afford teachers with the skills needed to teach about diversity in their community
C)To show how human beings from diverse cultural backgrounds are not only different,but that they also share many similarities
D)To demonstrate the importance of social and emotional experiences at the infant and toddler levels
Q3) List five themes or concepts that could be taught in an early childhood social studies curriculum.
Q4) Describe the steps a teacher can use to teach problem-solving skills.
Q5) Explain how a teacher might respond to the individual differences in young children with regards to their social or emotional development.
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Chapter 15: Teaching Children to Be Healthy and Fit:
Physical Development and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which body system is being used when the heart rate goes up such as what would occur during running?
A)Cardiorespiratory
B)Muscular
C)Sensory
D)Perceptual-Motor
Q2) What is the ability of the brain to conceive,organize,and carry out a series of unfamiliar actions?
A)Integrated Movements
B)Structures Play
C)Manipulative Movements
D)Motor Planning
Q3) List the characteristics of an appropriate outdoor environment for young children.
Q4) When a child is running and walking what kind of movement skills is she using?
A)Locomotion Movements
B)Stability Movement
C)Gross Motor Manipulation Movement
D)Reflexive Movement
Q5) Outline the components of a health,and safety curriculum for young children
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Chapter
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Sample Questions
Q1) Define the several types of child abuse including physical abuse,neglect,sexual abuse,and emotional abuse that a teacher may suspect and provide an example of potential signs a teacher might see for each.
Q2) Which of the following is the largest association of individuals who work with and for children ages birth through eight years old?
A)National Association of Early Childhood Professionals (NAECP)
B)National Association for the Advancement of Early Childhood Education (NAAECE)
C)National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC)
D)National Early Childhood Education Association (NECEA)
Q3) What is a mandated reporter required to do?
A)They are required to report how many children are in the center at one time
B)They are required by law to report maltreatment of children.
C)They are required to inform parents any time the center does not follow the proper procedures
D)They are required to inform the director if they suspect a child has a learning problem
Q4) Create a table and compare the considerations for choosing to work with infants,toddlers,preschoolers,and primary age children.
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