Cardiovascular Physiology
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
Cardiovascular Physiology explores the structure and function of the heart and blood vessels, emphasizing the mechanisms underlying cardiac cycle, blood flow regulation, and vascular dynamics. The course examines topics such as cardiac electrophysiology, hemodynamics, blood pressure regulation, and the integration of neural and hormonal factors influencing cardiovascular homeostasis. Students gain an understanding of how the cardiovascular system adapts to physiological challenges and the impact of diseases on normal function, laying a foundation for advanced study in health sciences and clinical medicine.
Recommended Textbook
EKG Plain and Simple 3rd Edition by Karen Ellis RN
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
15 Chapters
790 Verified Questions
790 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3810
Page 2
Chapter 1: Coronary Anatomy and Physiology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76055
Sample Questions
Q1) The superior vena cava returns blood to the right atrium from the _____.
Answer: Head;chest;upper arms
Q2) The pericardium is a double-walled sac that encloses the heart and serves as support and protection.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The heart chamber that has the greatest workload is the right atrium,as it pumps blood out to the entire body.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) The _____ is the layer that contains the cardiac conduction system.
Answer: Endocardium
Q5) Which of these statements about the pericardium is NOT TRUE?
A)It anchors the heart to the diaphragm and great vessels.
B)It is a two-layer sac enclosing the heart.
C)It serves as protection for the heart.
D)It is the wall of the heart that is damaged in a heart attack.
Answer: D
Page 3
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 2: Electrophysiology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76056
Sample Questions
Q1) In the action potential,phase 3 is
A)Depolarization.
B)Rapid repolarization.
C)Plateau.
D)Rest.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of these statements about the sinus node is FALSE?
A)It is the normal pacemaker of the heart.
B)It has the fastest inherent rate of all the possible pacemaker sites.
C)It is the slowest pacemaker of the heart.
D)It fires at an inherent rate of 60-100 beats per minute.
Answer: C
Q3) The job of the cardiac conduction system is to
A)Propagate electrical impulses.
B)Conduct electrical impulses.
C)Cause depolarization of myocardial cells.
D)All of the above.
Answer: D
Q4) A negative deflection that occurs before a positive one is labeled a _____ wave.
Answer: Q
4
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 3: Lead Morphology and Placement
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76057
Sample Questions
Q1) The QRS complex should be positive in which of the following leads?
A)AVR
B)V1
C)V6
D)V2
Answer: C
Q2) AVL has its positive pole on the
A)Left arm.
B)Right leg.
C)Right arm.
D)Left leg.
Answer: A
Q3) An impulse that travels away from a positive electrode will write a(n)_____ on the EKG.
A)Positive QRS complex
B)Negative QRS complex
C)Isoelectric QRS
D)Flat line
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 5
Chapter 4: Technical Aspects of the Ekg
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76058
Sample Questions
Q1) Electrically speaking,the EKG machine is a _____ and the heart is a transmitter.
Q2) Your patient for a 12-lead EKG has no legs as a result of bilateral amputations.Where should you put the leg electrodes?
A)On the arms
B)On the lower abdomen above where the legs would be
C)On the artificial legs
D)On the upper chest
Q3) Some modern EKG machines are Bluetooth-capable,allowing EMS workers to A)Listen to their favorite music station while on the job.
B)Control the artifact on the EKG.
C)Hear the EKG's interpretation via special headphones.
D)Transmit the EKG to the nearest hospital so workers can prepare for the patient's arrival.
Q4) It is possible to have artifact in the midst of a dangerous rhythm.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A thick-looking pattern on the EKG paper that looks like someone used a thick Magic Marker to write the baseline is typical of what kind of artifact? _____.
Q6) The word "somatic" means _____.
Page 6
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 5: Calculating Heart Rate
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76059
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a method of calculating heart rate?
A)Six-second strip method
B)The QT interval method
C)The P-P interval method
D)All of the above
Q2) A regular rhythm is one in which the R-R intervals
A)Vary by only one or two little blocks.
B)Do not vary at all.
C)Are the same as the P-P intervals.
D)Are interrupted by premature beats.
Q3) The most accurate way to determine heart rate would be to
A)Count the number of P waves in a minute-long rhythm strip.
B)Count the number of QRS complexes in a minute-long rhythm strip.
C)Count the number of QRS complexes on a six-second strip and multiply by 10.
D)Count the number of P waves on a six-second strip and multiply by 10.
Q4) Regularity of a rhythm is determined by measuring the A)P-P intervals.
B)QRS intervals.
C)R-R intervals.
D)Distance between consecutive U waves.
Page 7
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 6: How to Interpret a Rhythm Strip
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76060
Sample Questions
Q1) An abnormal rhythm is called a dysrhythmia.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A heart rate less than 60 is said to be a
A)Tachycardia.
B)Bradycardia.
C)Tachyarrhythmia.
D)Bundle branch block.
Q3) The normal PR interval in sinus rhythm should be _____.
Q4) A rhythm with a heart rate less than 60 is a tachycardia.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The normal rhythm originating in the sinus node should have a heart rate
A)Greater than 100.
B)Less than 60.
C)Between 40 and 60.
D)Between 60 and 100.
Q6) Sinus rhythm is an irregular rhythm interrupted by premature beats and pauses.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Rhythms Originating in the Sinus Node
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
56 Verified Questions
56 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76061
Sample Questions
Q1) A rhythm with a heart rate less than 60 is _____.
Q2) A pacemaker is usually needed to treat sinus bradycardia.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _____ is the only normal heart rhythm.
Q4) In sinus arrhythmia,the heart rate
A)Speeds up during inspiration and expiration.
B)Speeds up during inspiration,slows during expiration.
C)Slows during inspiration and expiration.
D)Slows during inspiration,speeds up during expiration.
Q5) In sinus rhythms,P waves are found _____ the QRS complexes.
Q6) The heart rate during sinus bradycardia is greater than 100.
A)True
B)False
Q7) A junctional escape beat is a beat from the A)Ventricle.
B)AV junction.
C)Bundle branches.
D)Sinus node.
Q8) The PR interval in sinus rhythms should be _____ from beat to beat.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Rhythms Originating in the Atria
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
49 Verified Questions
49 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76062
Sample Questions
Q1) An ectopic rhythm is one which originates in a location other than the sinus node. A)True
B)False
Q2) The atrial rate in atrial flutter is _____.
Q3) A run of three or more PACs in a row that usurps the underlying rhythm is called _____.
Q4) Wandering atrial pacemaker has at least three different shapes of A)T waves.
B)QRS complexes.
C)P waves.
D)U waves.
Q5) Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia is an atrial tachycardia that usurps the underlying _____.
Q6) Blood clots in the atria are associated with atrial fibrillation. A)True B)False
Q7) Flutter waves are often described as sawtooth- or picket-fence-shaped waves. A)True B)False
Page 10
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 9: Rhythms Originating in the Av Junction
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
48 Verified Questions
48 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76063
Sample Questions
Q1) Which junctional rhythm WOULD NOT be treated with atropine?
A)Junctional bradycardia
B)Juctional rhythm
C)Accelerated junctional rhythm
D)Junctional tachycardia
Q2) "Antegrade" means backwards.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In which rhythm is decreased cardiac output most likely to be a concern?
A)Sinus rhythm
B)Accelerated junctional rhythm
C)Junctional bradycardia
D)Junctional rhythm
Q4) Junctional rhythms originate in the
A)Sinoatrial junction.
B)Atrioventricular junction.
C)Sinoventricular junction.
D)Sinus node junction.
Q5) Junctional tachycardia is best called SVT if there are no _____ P waves.
Q6) A P wave that is upside down is called _____.
Page 11
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 10: Rhythms Originating in the Ventricles
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
49 Verified Questions
49 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76064
Sample Questions
Q1) PVCs are a sign of ventricular irritability.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Idioventricular rhythm has a heart rate of
A)60-100.
B)Greater than 100.
C)Less than 20.
D)20-40.
Q3) Torsades de pointes means
A)Torsion of the points.
B)Twisting of the points.
C)Tall,pointy T waves.
D)Spiked P waves.
Q4) Multifocal couplets are
A)Long runs of ventricular tachycardia.
B)A pair of PVCs that look the same.
C)A pair of PVCs that look different.
D)Reason to start CPR.
Q5) PVC stands for _____.
Q6) The treatment of choice for ventricular fibrillation is _____.
12
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 11: Av Blocks
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76065
Sample Questions
Q1) In third-degree AV block,_____ sinus impulses get through to the ventricles.
Q2) In third-degree AV block,the site of the block is either the A)Sinus node or the internodal tracts.
B)AV node or the Purkinje fibers.
C)Bundle branches or the AV node.
D)Sinus node or the AV node.
Q3) 2:1 AV block can be either
A)Third-degree AV block or Wenckebach.
B)Wenckebach or Mobitz II second-degree AV block.
C)First-degree AV block or Wenckebach.
D)Mobitz II second-degree AV block or third-degree AV block.
Q4) All AV blocks are caused by a block at the bundle branches. A)True
B)False
Q5) Wenckebach usually does not need treatment.
A)True
B)False
Q6) In AV blocks,the site of the block is either the AV node or the bundle branches. A)True
B)False
Page 13
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 12: How to Interpret a 12-Lead Ekg
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76066
Sample Questions
Q1) Right ventricular hypertrophy is commonly caused by chronic lung disease.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A rate-related BBB is one which _____.
Q3) Hypocalcemia causes a prolonged ST segment,thus causing a prolonged QT interval.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Low voltage EKGs can be caused by ALL BUT which of the following?
A)Obesity
B)Thyroid gland malfunction
C)Emphysema
D)Hypertension
Q5) In a hemiblock,
A)The patient has signs of cardiovascular collapse.
B)The QRS is widened to at least 0.12 seconds.
C)One of the fascicles of the left bundle branch is blocked.
D)The axis is normal.
Q6) An axis of +120 degrees is _____ deviation.
Q7) Critical rate is the rate at which _____.
Q8) Left bundle branch block has a QRS interval of at least _____ seconds. Page 14
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 15
Chapter 13: Myocardial Infarction
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76067
Sample Questions
Q1) Which leads look at the lateral wall of the left ventricle?
A)II,III,and AVF
B)I,II,and III
C)I,AVL,and V5-6
D)V1-2
Q2) The order in which an MI progresses through "the three Is" is which of these?
A)Ischemia,injury,infarction
B)Ischemia,infarction,injury
C)Infarction,ischemia,injury
D)Injury,infarction,ischemia
Q3) A _____ MI is seen as a mirror image of an anterior MI.
Q4) In which leads is a posterior MI evident?
A)I and II
B)V1-6
C)II,III,and AVR
D)V1-2
Q5) Anterior MI has indicative changes in leads _____.
Q6) The normal T wave is tall and pointy.
A)True
B)False
Page 16
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 14: Medications and Electrical Therapy
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76068
Sample Questions
Q1) A fixed-rate pacemaker
A)Fires only on demand.
B)Senses intrinsic beats.
C)Fires at its preset rate regardless of intrinsic beats.
D)Is called synchronous.
Q2) Six to seven seconds of asystole sometimes follows administration of adenosine.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When a pacemaker fires,it creates what sign on the EKG?
A)A P wave
B)A QRS complex
C)A T wave
D)A spike
Q4) What must be done to the monitor-defibrillator to change it from cardioversion mode to defibrillator mode? _____.
Q5) Class I antiarrhythmics are called _____ channel blockers.
Q6) Antiarrhythmic medications are used to treat dysrhythmias.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Lidocaine is used to treat _____ dysrhythmias.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 15: Diagnostic Electrocardiography
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76069
Sample Questions
Q1) Mrs.Johnson has developed a severe headache and blurred vision while having a stress test.Her blood pressure is extremely elevated.The correct course of action would be to
A)Slow the treadmill to let the blood pressure and symptoms subside.
B)Continue the test.
C)Terminate the test immediately.
D)Ask the patient if she wants to stop or continue,and do as she requests.
Q2) A relative contraindication is one that means
A)Don't do the test under any circumstances.
B)Don't do the test unless the benefits outweigh the risks.
C)Do the test as soon as possible.
D)Do the test only if the patient's other relatives have had the same problem also.
Q3) If the stress test is negative and the angiogram reveals normal coronary arteries,the stress test is said to have been a
A)True positive.
B)False positive.
C)True negative.
D)False negative.
Q4) A positive stress test implies that _____ is present.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18