Behavioral Statistics
Solved Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Behavioral Statistics introduces students to the fundamental concepts and methods of statistical analysis as applied to behavioral sciences such as psychology, sociology, and education. The course covers topics including descriptive statistics, probability, hypothesis testing, correlation, regression, analysis of variance, and nonparametric techniques. Emphasis is placed on developing the skills to critically analyze data, interpret statistical findings, and apply appropriate statistical procedures to real-world behavioral research. Through lectures, practical exercises, and use of statistical software, students gain a solid foundation for conducting and evaluating research in the behavioral sciences.
Recommended Textbook
Social Statistics for a Diverse Society 8th Edition by Chava Frankfort Nachmias
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
12 Chapters
614 Verified Questions
614 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1344 Page 2
Chapter 1: The What and the Why of Statistics
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26804
Sample Questions
Q1) Why is the average of the sample not equal to the average of the population as a whole?
Answer: Because the data are based on a sample rather than on the entire population.
Q2) Which of the following statements illustrates the cumulative property of levels of measurement?
A)Nominal level variables can be measured at interval-ratio levels.
B)Interval-ratio level variables can be measured at ordinal levels.
C)Ordinal level variables can be measured at interval-ratio levels.
D)Nominal level variables can be measured at ordinal levels.
Answer: B
Q3) Identify the independent variable,the dependent variable,and the unit of analysis in the following hypothesis: In the United States,fewer blacks than whites own their home as opposed to rent their home.
Answer: Independent variable = race;dependent variable = tenancy;and unit of analysis = individuals
Q4) Statistical procedure can be divided into two major categories: ______ statistics and ______ statistics.
Answer: descriptive;inferential
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: The Organization and Graphic Presentation of Data
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26805
Sample Questions
Q1) Which graphic device would be most appropriate to display information about "Young adults in South Korea generally have more years of schooling than young adults in the United States"?
Answer: Histogram
Q2) A graph showing the differences in frequencies or percentages among the categories of an interval-ratio variable where the categories are displayed as contiguous bars with width proportional to the width of the category and height proportional to the frequency or percentage of that category is called a A)bar graph.
B)pie chart.
C)frequency polygon.
D)histogram.
Answer: D
Q3) The sum of all frequencies in a frequency distribution should sum to A)0.
B)1.
C)100.
D)N.
Answer: D
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Measures of Central Tendency
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26806
Sample Questions
Q1) A score below which a specific percentage of a distribution falls is referred to as the A)mode.
B)median.
C)mean.
D)percentile.
Answer: D
Q2) The ______ is the appropriate measure of central tendency for nominal variables.
A)mode
B)median
C)mean
D)percentile
Answer: A
Q3) When the mean is lower than the median (or positioned to the left of the median),the distribution is positively skewed.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Which is more susceptible to extreme values: the mean or the median?
Answer: The mean is more susceptible to extreme values.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Measures of Variability
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26807
Sample Questions
Q1) Calculate the range for the following sub-sample: 24,27,35,31,21,22,28,18,25,24,36,20.
Q2) The sum of the deviations of scores from the mean is always positive.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Consider the following hypothetical scores: 21,25,37,38,39,42,44,45.Which value is closest to the variance?
A)9
B)19
C)24
D)77
Q4) What are the relative strengths and weaknesses of using range as a measure of variability?
Q5) Numbers that describe diversity in a distribution are referred to as measures of A)central tendency. B)association. C)variability.
D)standard deviation.
Q6) Calculate the range for the following sub-sample: 2,7,4,4,1,2,2,3,1,2,4,5.
Q7) What is the most basic consideration in choosing a measure of variability?
Page 6
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 5: The Normal Distribution
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26808
Sample Questions
Q1) Scores for an exam are normally distributed with a mean of 235 and a standard deviation of 52.What is the percentile rank of a raw score 155?
Q2) What percentage of the area under the normal curve falls between ±2 standard deviations?
A)99.72
B)95.46
C)68.26
D)20.0
Q3) The mean age at first marriage for respondents in a survey is 23.33,with a standard deviation of 6.13.Suppose that the proportion of area between the mean and two Z scores of ±0.35 is 0.14.Calculate the raw scores associated with these two Z scores.What proportion of respondents were first married between these two ages?
Q4) Scores for an exam are normally distributed with a mean of 235 and a standard deviation of 52.Then the cut-off point for the top 30% is 270.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 6: Sampling and Sampling Distributions
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26809
Sample Questions
Q1) If the mean and standard deviation of a population are 436 and 103 respectively,then for a sample with a mean of 389 and a standard deviation of 96,the sampling error is 7.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In a simple random sample
A)every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.
B)the population is approximately normal with the mean,median,and mode being approximately equal.
C)the mean is equal to the mode.
D)the mean of N is always equal to the standard deviation.
Q3) Probability
A)can be expressed as a proportion.
B)can be expressed as a percentage.
C)can take a maximum value of 1.
D)can take a minimum value of 1.
Q4) What is the difference between a parameter and a statistic?
Q5) Explain the central limit theorem.
Q6) A small population of N = 12 has values of 2,2,3,4,4,7,8,8,8,9,12,12.Calculate the mean and standard deviation for this population.
Page 8
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 7: Estimation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26810
Sample Questions
Q1) In a survey sample of 1000 respondents,the mean annual salary is $32,245,with a standard deviation of 4021.54.Calculate a 95% confidence interval for these data.
Q2) A sample of 150 U.S.adults is composed of 100 women and 50 men.Estimate the confidence interval for the female population with 99% confidence.
Q3) When p > 0.50,a larger sample is required to meet the assumptions of normality.
A)True
B)False
Q4) If a 95% confidence level is selected,then
A)the corresponding Z score is 2.58.
B)the probability of a selected sample falling in this interval is 0.95.
C)there is a 5% chance of the interval being incorrect.
D)5 chances out of 100 will fall in the interval.
Q5) To establish a confidence interval for a proportion,add or subtract from the mean the product of the standard error and the Z value corresponding to the confidence level.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
9
Chapter 8: Testing Hypotheses
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26811
Sample Questions
Q1) A research hypothesis (H )is said to be a
A)one-tailed test if the research hypothesis is non-directional.
B)right-tailed test if the research hypothesis is directed at the right tail of the sampling distribution.
C)left-tailed test if the research hypothesis is directed at the left tail of the sampling distribution.
D)two-tailed test if the research hypothesis is directional.
Q2) Alpha is the level of probability at which the null hypothesis is accepted.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The probability associated with obtaining a particular value of Z is referred to as its A)alpha.
B)beta.
C)Z score.
D)p value.
Q4) In a simple random sample of 120 women and 150 men from a population of 150,000,25% of the women and 37% of the men are smokers.Suppose you are interested in comparing the proportion of smokers by sex,state the null and the research hypothesis.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Bivariate Tables
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26812
Sample Questions
Q1) What are the limitations of elaborations?
Q2) A bivariate relationship between two variables measured at the ordinal level or higher in which the variables vary in opposite directions is called a
A)strong link.
B)weak link.
C)positive relationship.
D)negative relationship.
Q3) A relationship is said to exist between two variables in a bivariate table if the percentage distribution varies across the different categories of the independent variable.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In a bivariate table,
A)it displays the distribution of one variable across the categories of another.
B)it identifies its content in terms of the two variables.
C)the intersection of a row and a column is called a marginal.
D)it has two dimensions,one for the dependent and the other for the independent variable.
Q5) Briefly describe the difference between a spurious and intervening relationship.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: The Chi-Square Test and Measures of Association
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26813
Sample Questions
Q1) Why is it sometimes important to condition one's result by another variable?
Q2) The stronger the relationship between the variables,the larger will be the reduction in the number of errors of prediction.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A ______ is an inferential statistical technique designed to test for significant relationships between two variables organized in a bivariate table.
A)cross-tabulation
B)bivariate tabulation
C)chi-square test
D)comparison test
Q4) According to the concept of ______,two variables are associated when information about one can help us improve our prediction of the other.
A)measure of association
B)proportional reduction of error
C)Pearson's correlation coefficient
D)Cramer's V
Q5) What interpretation do we get if Kendall's Tau-b reaches a value of 1?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 11: Analysis of Variance
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26814
Sample Questions
Q1) The F statistic is the ratio of between-group variance to within-group variance.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The assumptions of ANOVA test are:
A)independent random samples.
B)nominal level of measurement of variables.
C)population distribution is normal.
D)population variances are not equal.
Q3) SST = SSB - SSW
A)True
B)False
Q4) Why is the F statistic also called an F ratio?
A)It is the ratio of one group mean to another.
B)It is the ratio of the mean square between to the mean square within.
C)It is the ratio of the within-group sum of squares to the between-group sum of squares
D)It is the ratio of degrees of freedom for the within-group sum of squares to the degrees of freedom for the between-group sum of squares
Q5) What can you say about the relationship if eta square is 0.85?
Q6) What is the F critical?
Page 13
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 12: Regression and Correlation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26815
Sample Questions
Q1) Residual sum of squares, \( S S E=\sum(Y-\bar{Y})^{2} \).
A)True
B)False
Q2) Assume that a local company pays its employees 25 cents more per hour for each college credit earned during a given year.Consider two employees,one earning $10 per hour and having earned zero college credits and one earning $12 per hour and having earned eight college credits.What is the Y-intercept of the linear regression prediction equation?
A)2
B)8
C)10
D)12
Q3) Calculate the sum of squares regression using the following information: Sum of squares total: 2340
Sum of squares residual: 1496
Q4) Consider the following linear regression prediction equation: Y = 12 + -1x.If x = 7.What is the predicted value of Y for this observation?
Q5) Compare ANOVA and regression.
Q6) What role does the coefficient of determination play in regression?
Page 14
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.