Behavioral Science
Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Behavioral Science is an interdisciplinary field that explores the interactions between human behavior and various influences such as psychological, social, biological, and environmental factors. This course introduces students to foundational theories and research methods used to understand, analyze, and predict human actions and decision-making processes. Topics include perception, motivation, learning, social dynamics, group behavior, and the impact of culture on individual choices. By integrating concepts from psychology, sociology, anthropology, and related disciplines, students gain insights into the determinants of behavior and how this knowledge can be applied to solve real-world problems in areas such as health, education, and business.
Recommended Textbook
Psychological Science 4th Edition by Michael Gazzaniga
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15 Chapters
2828 Verified Questions
2828 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1015 Page 2
Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology
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133 Verified Questions
133 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20126
Sample Questions
Q1) The fact that a variety of thoughts come to mind even as you are engaged in the activity of taking this exam exemplifies psychologist William James's concept of:
A) sea of ideas
B) ports of call
C) river of thoughts
D) stream of consciousness
Answer: D
Q2) Critical thinking is best defined as thinking that:
A) is systematic and reasonable
B) is open-minded and creative
C) criticizes others' opinions
D) uses inferences but does not solve problems
Answer: A
Q3) Clinical psychologists work with:
A) individuals with severe mental illness
B) individuals with daily stressors
C) marital and family concerns
D) career advice
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Research Methodology
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20127
Sample Questions
Q1) An institutional review board is likely to conclude that there are no troublesome ethical issues associated with which of the following types of study?
A) research in a controlled study in a laboratory
B) surveys on topics such as experiences of sexual abuse
C) naturalistic observation of the conditions in which people are likely to litter in public
D) experiments on learning simple lists of words when the experimenter has deceived participants about the purpose of the study
Answer: C
Q2) When people are aware of being observed,they might change their behaviors.This phenomenon illustrates:
A) variability
B) experimenter expectancy
C) random assignment
D) reactivity
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Biology and Behavior
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214 Verified Questions
214 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20128
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following parts of a neuron integrates information from other neurons?
A) axon
B) synapse
C) cell body
D) dendrite
Answer: C
Q2) As Beatriz works outside in her yard,she works up a pretty good sweat.This is due in part to the functioning of her:
A) somatic nervous system
B) autonomic nervous system
C) central nervous system
D) endocrine system
Answer: B
Q3) GABA is to glutamate as _____ is to _____.
A) control; out of control
B) inhibit; excite
C) arouse; paralyze
D) awake; asleep
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
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179 Verified Questions
179 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20129
Sample Questions
Q1) The axons from _____ cells form the _____,which exits the eye at the back of the retina.
A) ganglion; optic nerve
B) amacrine; optic nerve
C) ganglion; optic chiasm
D) amacrine; optic chiasm
Q2) As part of an experiment,Amanda is seated in front of a blank computer screen.On each trial,a line appears on the screen and then an object appears above the line.The task is to name the object as rapidly as possible.The object is either presented alone or within a scene.For example,a chicken may be presented alone or in a barnyard.People are significantly faster at naming the object when it is presented in the scene.This result is evidence for:
A) bottom-up processing in visual perception
B) top-down processing in visual perception
C) the role of context in figure-ground segmentation
D) a cognitive application of the Gestalt laws
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Chapter 5: Consciousness
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152 Verified Questions
152 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20130
Sample Questions
Q1) The particular kind of experience that is so engrossing and enjoyable that you do it for its own sake,rather than because of its consequence,is called:
A) self-reinforcing behavior
B) escapism
C) flow
D) runner's high
Q2) According to the evolutionary hypothesis of dreaming,which of the following statements does NOT describe a function of dreams?
A) Dreams serve as a means to simulate threatening events to allow people to rehearse coping strategies.
B) Dreams help people develop adaptive strategies to increase survival.
C) Dreams may be the result of unconscious processing of Freudian slips.
D) Dreams may involve practicing resolution of negative emotions.
Q3) The manifest content of a dream:
A) consists of symbols
B) is the dream you remember having
C) directly reveals the dreamer's unconscious wishes
D) both A and B
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Chapter 6: Learning
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177 Verified Questions
177 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20131
Sample Questions
Q1) The process by which an individual needs increasing amounts of the drug to achieve the same psychological or physical effects is known as:
A) addiction
B) tolerance
C) sensitization
D) withdrawal
Q2) A relatively permanent change in behavior that is not due to maturation but is due to experience is called:
A) operant shaping
B) habituation
C) learning
D) behaviorism
Q3) The idea that the consequences of our actions determine the likelihood they will be performed in the future underlies:
A) operant conditioning
B) classical conditioning
C) the Rescorla-Wagner model
D) the social learning model
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8
Chapter 7: Attention and Memory
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194 Verified Questions
194 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20132
Sample Questions
Q1) People usually remember how many days there are in the months of September,October,and May by using:
A) verbal mnemonics
B) episodic memory
C) semantic memory
D) elaborative retrieval
Q2) Your best friend's favorite hamster died while you and a new neighbor were there.The most vivid memory of the event will be _____ because _____.
A) yours; you have the best perspective
B) the neighbor's; she was totally unbiased
C) your friend's; she was emotionally involved
D) the neighbor's; she was getting new information
Q3) Asking an eyewitnesses how tall or how short the suspect was could result in:
A) repressed memories
B) confabulation
C) suggestibility
D) cross-ethnic identification
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Chapter 8: Thinking and Intelligence
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213 Verified Questions
213 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20133
Sample Questions
Q1) As people get older,their crystallized intelligence _____ decline and their fluid intelligence _____ decline.
A) will not; will
B) will; will not
C) will; will
D) will not; will not
Q2) If we assess the available evidence to try to determine when dinosaurs roamed the earth,we are engaging in:
A) reasoning
B) decision making
C) problem solving
D) framing
Q3) Fatima received an overall score of 132 on an IQ scale.This number means that her score was higher than _____ percent of the population.
A) 95
B) 68
C) 53
D) 50
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Chapter 9: Human Development
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203 Verified Questions
203 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20134
Sample Questions
Q1) The system of rules that determine how words are combined into phrases and how phrases are used to make sentences is called:
A) morphemes
B) phonemes
C) syntax
D) language
Q2) According to your textbook,one of the limitations of Piaget's analysis of child development is that it:
A) underestimated the mental capacities of young children
B) placed too much emphasis on social factors in child development
C) stressed the dynamic of accommodation in schema formation at the expense of the assimilation factor
D) did not emphasize conservation
Q3) Infantile amnesia occurs until about what age?
A) 1 year
B) 2 years
C) 3 years
D) about 3-4 years
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11
Chapter 10: Emotion and Motivation
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191 Verified Questions
191 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20135
Sample Questions
Q1) Eva and Garnet are identical twins who survived a traumatic accident in which a bus they were riding in plummeted into a river.During the accident Eva's amygdala was severely damaged; Garnet experienced no injuries.You would expect that Eva _____ develop a conditioned fear to buses and Garnet _____ develop a conditioned fear to buses.
A) would not; would not B) would; would not
C) would; would
D) would not; would
Q2) Research has shown that being socially isolated increases the risk of illness by the same amount as smoking a pack of cigarettes a day.This finding supports the idea that the need for _____ is a fundamental adaptive motive.
A) actualization
B) belonging C) efficacy
D) affiliation
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Chapter 11: Health and Well-Being
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182 Verified Questions
182 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20136
Sample Questions
Q1) Research on the effects of exercise has shown that it can have beneficial effects on:
A) cognition
B) memory
C) depression
D) all of the above
Q2) Teenagers and young adults are most likely to die from:
A) car accidents
B) homicides
C) suicide
D) AIDS
Q3) Dr.Haverford suggests to her patient that the patient's mood problems stem from serotonin dysregulation,but mentions nothing about social or behavioral factors related to mood.Dr.Haverford is using which approach to understanding the patient's problems?
A) the intradisciplinary model
B) the behaviorist model
C) the single stratum model
D) the medical model
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Chapter 12: Social Psychology
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174 Verified Questions
174 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20137
Sample Questions
Q1) Whose behavior is LEAST likely to be prevented by an antidepressant that raises levels of serotonin?
A) Kevin, who gets into repeated bar fights
B) Fritz, who deliberately drives his car off a bridge
C) Kimiko, a 5-year-old who is always hostile toward people
D) Gabriella, who has overdosed on sleeping pills
Q2) Kate comes from a very small town where everyone is white and there is a great deal of prejudice against people of color.When Kate first meets her college roommate,she is very upset to discover that she is black.Kate quickly discovers that her roommate is smart,funny,and empathetic.Kate starts to like her roommate quite a lot,but feels anxious and tense whenever they are together.Kate is experiencing:
A) a conflict between implicit and explicit attitudes
B) the effect of exposure on socialization
C) the process of extinguishing a conditioned attitude
D) cognitive dissonance
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14
Chapter 13: Personality
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209 Verified Questions
209 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20138
Sample Questions
Q1) Bandura's cognitive-social theory of personality sees _____ as an important determinant of behavior.
A) self-efficacy
B) stereotypes
C) attributional style
D) biological predispositions
Q2) What is the difference between temperaments and personality traits?
A) Traits are broader than temperaments.
B) Temperaments are broader than traits.
C) There is no difference; traits and temperaments are equally broad.
D) It depends on the personalities of the people one is investigating.
Q3) According to cognitive-social theories of personality,which of the following factors do NOT shape our behaviors and personalities?
A) our personal beliefs
B) our expectancies
C) other people's expectations for us
D) our interpretations of the world
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Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
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209 Verified Questions
209 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20139
Sample Questions
Q1) Depressed individuals tend to attribute negative outcomes to _____ and positive outcomes to _____.
A) others; idealistic and unrealistic role models
B) personal shortcomings; luck
C) chance; chance
D) errors in logic; an idealized part of themselves
Q2) People suffering obsessive-compulsive disorder are:
A) unaware of the irrationality of their behavior
B) more likely to be male than female
C) aware that their obsessions and compulsions are irrational
D) typically diagnosed with the disorder in early childhood
Q3) Which of the following is a psychological factor that could possibly influence the development of a psychological disorder?
A) malnutrition
B) thoughts
C) maternal illness
D) neurological dysfunction
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Chapter 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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238 Verified Questions
238 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20140
Sample Questions
Q1) A friend describes having had therapy for a fear of snakes in which she was first asked to think about snakes,then shown pictures of them,and finally,several sessions later,given the opportunity to actually pick up a snake.Her therapist is using:
A) overload techniques
B) exposure techniques
C) distraction
D) modeling
Q2) Hamza is a very gentle person who values others' opinions and wants to help people live up to their potential.He is never critical or argumentative with others.He believes all people have many positive qualities and seeks to make others feel valuable and special.If Hamza decided to go into the mental health field,the _____ approach to therapy would best match his personality.
A) psychodynamic
B) rational-emotive
C) moral
D) humanistic
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